2013年考研英语（一）真题
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that ___1___ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by ___2___ factors. But Dr Simonton speculated that an inability to consider the big ___3___ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. ___4___, he theorized that a judge ___5___ of appearing too soft ___6___crime might be more likely to send someone to prison ___7___he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.
To ___8___this idea, they turned their attention to the university-admissions process. In theory, the ___9___ of an applicant should not depend on the few others___10___ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonton suspected the truth was___11___.
He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews ___12___ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had ___13___ applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale ___14___ numerous factors into consideration. The scores were ___15___ used
in conjunction w ith an applicant’s score on the GMAT, a standardized exam which is ___16___out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
Dr Simonton found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one ___17___ that, then the score for the next applicant would___18___ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to___19___the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been ___20___.
1. A grants B submits C transmits D delivers
2. A minor B external C crucial D objective
3. A issue B vision C picture D moment
4. A Above all B On average C In principle D For example
5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless
6. A in B for C to D on
7. A if B until C though D unless
8. A. test B. emphasize C. share D. promote
9. A. decision B. quality C. status D. success
10. A. found B. studied C. chosen D. identified
11. A. otherwise B. defensible C. replaceable D. exceptional
12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conducted D. secured
13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged
14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave
15. A. instead B. then C. ever D. rather
16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced
17. A below B after C above D before
18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop
19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard
20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpful
2013考研英语（一）答案
Section I Use of English
1．【答案】A grants
【解析】第一句提到“总体而言，当人们自己做决定时，并不擅长考虑背景信息。”第二句顺接上文，“乍一看这是一种优势”，that引起定语从句，这种优势使人们具有一种能力，即能够做出不受外界因素影响的不带偏见的决定。B选项submit “服从，提交”，不能与ability连用，C选项transmit “传输，发射”，也不能与ability 搭配，D选项deliver “传递”，同样不能与ability搭配。A, C, D无论从搭配上还是意思上都不合适。A选项grant本身具有赋予，授予的意思。故答案选A。
2．【答案】D external
【解析】external外部因素和上文的background information同义复现，不考虑背景信息，不受外界因素影响。A选项minor 次要的，B选项objective 客观的，C选项crucial 残酷的，D选项external 外部的，故答案选D。
3．【答案】C picture
【解析】第三题本句but引起句意转折。“但是XX推测不考虑大局会导致决策者被日常接触的信息影响而带有偏见。”首先注意到空前面有定冠词the，指代上文信息，即不考虑背景信息、不考虑大环境。而大局，大环境的表达，此处选择picture是最贴切的。A 选项issue 问题，B选项vision 想象力，美景都不合适，故答案选C。
4．【答案】A For example
【解析】通读后面的句子，提到了法官与被告，这明显是生活当中的一个具体的实例，故答案选A。而B选项on average “平均，通常”，出现的话，周围往往应该要出现数字。C选项in principle“大体上，原则上”，后面需要出现的是总结性的话语，D选项above
all“首先”是用来列举条目，将BCD排除。
5．【答案】B fearful
【解析】从句意上来看“例如，他们提出理论，认为法官不敢在罪行面前表现得太软弱，如果当天已经宣判五六名被告执行缓刑，那么他很有可能将下一个人送入监狱。A选项fond of 喜欢，B选项fear of 惧怕，C选项capable of 有能力，D选项thoughtless of 考虑不周，故答案选B。
6．【答案】B on
【解析】根据句内的逻辑关系，在对待犯罪行为方面害怕表现出太软弱，在。。。方面，关于。。。的表达应该用介词on，故答案为B。
7．【答案】A if
【解析】A if 表条件。B选项until 表时间，往往跟not连用，直接排除。C选项though 表让步，D选项unless 相当于if...not 。通读空格所在的前后句子，得出这两句之间的逻辑关系是表示条件的。
8．【答案】D test
【解析】首先注意到idea前面有定冠词this，很明显指代上文提出的观点。而且跟上文以法官为例一样，下文“他们把注意力转向大学录取过程”也是上文观点的例证，目的是对上文的观点进行检验，而不是A选项“促进”，B选项“强调”或C选项“分享”，故答案选D。
9．【答案】D success
【解析】A选项decision“决定”，B 选项quality“质量，品质”，C选项status“地位”，D选项success“成功”。申请者的____不应该取决于同一天随机选到的其他几名申请者。接着下文讲到面试官面试MBA申请者的结果results，因此第9题应该也有结果
的意思，与下文结合是达到正面的结果，因此答案是即“申请者的成功”。其它选项带入原文重叠答案，与原义不符合
10．【答案】A chosen
【解析】空格后面有一个副词为randomly，随机地，既然是随机，那么选项B选项studied “研究过的”，C选项found “找到的”D选项identified“经鉴定的”就与randomly 是相矛盾的，全部排除。
11．【答案】D otherwise
【解析】本题解题关键在于but，通过suspect可以看出Dr. Simonton与前文意思相反，因此otherwise正好符合题意。
12．【答案】C conducted
【解析】此外明显缺一个过去分词作interviews的定语，再看by后面的officers，只有conducted（执行），符合语境，故为正确答案。
13．【答案】B rated
【解析】本题末尾one to five（从一到五），前面又有一个on a scale（…的范围）, A 分配，D排列语义上说不通，再综合后面的factor（因素），对比一下，只有B（划分等级），整合起来，即划分成一到五个等级，合情合理C match看似与to搭配，但也不符合文意，故正确答案为B.
14．【答案】D took
【解析】本题需联系整句话，take…into consideration（考虑，涉及），从形式上来说没有问题，再从意义上来看，说“这个等级考虑了几种因素…”，是对上文评级的进一步解释，也没有问题。
15．【答案】B then
【解析】还是承接上文讲到的评级得分，后半句讲到的是（平时学校等级）考试得分，再结合中间conjunction一词（联接），可以推断为then（具有承接之意），因此为正确答案，而A和D为同一意义和用法（代替），与conjunction相冲突，C说不通，故也为错误选项。
16．【答案】C marked
【解析】本题出在一个非限定性定语从句上，先行词为a standardized exam, 后半句是800分，考试和分数之间首选marked，选项B通过具有一定的干扰性，但注意主语是考试，所以正确选项为C。A为无关选项。
17．【答案】A before
【解析】本句属于比较级，对比的是几个面试者的分数，C、D是空间上的上下，而这里缺的时间上的先后，故排除C和D，B是“之后”，不符合语言先后逻辑，故正确答案为A.
18．【答案】C drop
【解析】解本题需往下看，to…the effects of such a decrease, 由此可以判断接下来那个应聘者的分数是出现了下降，故正确选项C.
19．【答案】B undo
【解析】该句为不定式作主语，“（面试考官可能给）更低的分数”所带来的影响，可以推断，是消除或是抵消这种不利结果，应聘者需要在GMAT中多拿30分，A “达到”，C “保持”D“漠视”明显不符，故B为正确答案。
20．【答案】C necessary
【解析】该题难度较大，需把句意弄懂，也就是“这30分是比…所多的”建议把四个选项分别代入空格处，A有前途的，B可能的，C必须的，D有帮助的，对比之后，只有C最
合逻辑
2012年考研英语（一）试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot ___1___ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law ___2___ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that ___3___ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.
Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be ___4___ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not ___5___by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself ___6___to the code of conduct that ___7___to the rest of the federal judiciary.
This and other similar cases ___8___the question of whether there is still a ___9___between the court and politics.
The framers of the Constitution envisioned law ___10___having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions ___11___they would be free to ___12___ those in power and have no need to ___13___ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely ___14___.
Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ___15___ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it ___16___ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily ___17___ as unjust.
The justices must ___18___ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves ___19___ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, ___20___, convincing as law.
1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize
2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless
3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D] eliminated
4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted
5. [A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded
6. [A]resistant [B]subject [C]immune [D]prone
7. [A]resorts [B]sticks [C]loads [D]applies
8. [A]evade [B]raise [C]deny [D]settle
9. [A]line [B]barrier [C]similarity [D]conflict
10. [A]by [B]as [C]though [D]towards
11. [A]so [B]since [C]provided [D]though
12. [A]serve [B]satisfy [C]upset [D]replace
13. [A]confirm [B]express [C]cultivate [D]offer
14. [A]guarded [B]followed [C]studied [D]tied
15. [A]concepts [B]theories [C]divisions [D]conceptions
16. [A]excludes [B]questions [C]shapes [D]controls
17. [A]dismissed [B]released [C]ranked [D]distorted
18. [A]suppress [B]exploit [C]address [D]ignore
19. [A]accessible [B]amiable [C]agreeable [D]accountable
20. [A]by all means [B]at all costs [C]in a word [D]as a result
2012考研英语（一）答案
Section I
1.【答案】B
【解析】从空后信息可以看出，这句表达的是“___ ___法官表现得像政治家”的情况下，法庭就不能保持其作为法律法规的合法卫士的形象，所以应该选C, maintain“维持，保持”，其他显然语义不通。
2.【答案】A
【解析】从第三段可以看出，文章认为法院和政治之间应该是有界限的。所以这里应该是当法官像政治家一样行事，模糊了二者之间的区别时，就失去了其作为法律卫士的合法性。只有B，when表示这个意思。
3.【答案】B
【解析】第二段给的具体事例说明，法官出现在政治活动中会使法官形象受损，影响他们独立、公正的名声。只有B，weaken能表示这个意思。
4.【答案】D
【解析】空前信息显示，法官出席政治活动会让法院的审判收到影响，人们就会认为其审判不公正，所以选D，be accepted as...“被认为是”。
5.【答案】C
【解析】空所在的语境为：产生这样的问题，部分原因在于“法官没有___ ___道德规范”。后一句话说，至少法院应该遵守行为规范，这显然是进一步说明上一句话。所以上一句是说法官没有受到道德规范的约束，选C，bound。
6.【答案】B
【解析】根据解析5可以看出，这里应该是说遵守行为规范，subject与to连用，表示“服从某物，受…支配”。故本题选B。
7.【答案】D
【解析】分析句子结构可知，这里是由that引导的定语从句修饰说明前面的行为规范，是说法院也应当遵守适用于其他联邦司法部的行为规范。apply t o “适用于”符合题意。resort to “求助于”;stick to “坚持(原则等)”语意不通。
8.【答案】B
【解析】空所在的语境为，类似这样的案例提出了这样一个问题：法院和政治之间是否还存在着界限。提出问题，产生问题用只能选raise。
9.【答案】A
【解析】根据第8题可知，空内应填line，“界限”。barrier “障碍”，similarity“相似性”，conflict“冲突”都不合题意。
10.【答案】B
【解析】根据句意，宪法的起草者们预想的是将司法从政治中分出来，让其享有独立的权力。envision as “将…想象成…”。所以选B。
11.【答案】A
【解析】本题考察逻辑搭配。本选项答案的确定需结合前句意思，制宪者旨在使法律不受政治的任何影响，这样一来，法官就可以免受掌权者的影响了。此空就是考察由此所带来的结果，故选[A]。
12.【答案】C
【解析】此题承接上题，可知法律不受政治的影响，从而法官也不用担心掌权者(those in power)。
13.【答案】C
【解析】此题承接上题, 结合句意, 可知该半句主要表达“法官也无需政治支持了。”选项C最符题意。
14.【答案】D
【解析】此题考察词意辨析。原句表达“我们的法律体系是法律完全不受政治的影响，是因为这两者是紧密。。。”。结合句意思，[D]最合题意.
15.【答案】A
【解析】此题考察词意辨析。文中说“宪法具有政治性，是因其的选择都是植根于诸如自由，财产之类的基本社会。。。中。”自由，财产是西方社会的一些基本社会理念或概念，故选[A]。
16.【答案】C
【解析】此题考察词意辨析。首先分析该句，可知空白处添加上一动词可构成一定语从句，限定“the law”。其次，文中语境表达“当法律处理社会政策决策问题时，。。。的法律不可避免的具有政治性。四个选项中，[C]为最佳答案。
17.【答案】A
【解析】此题考察词意辨析。可由文中语境得知，该半句主要表达“这也就解释了为何背离思想路线的决策被看作是不公正的，从而被轻易的….”。结合语境，以及四个选项的意思，可知[A]最佳。
18.【答案】C
【解析】此题考察词意辨析。由文中语境可知该句主要表达“法官必须。。。有关法庭(裁决的)公正合理的质疑。”四个选项中，仅[C]符合题意。
19.【答案】D
【解析】本题考察短语搭配及相似短语辨析。四个选项均可与连用，其中
accessible to 易接近的;可归属的;可得到的可归因的
amiable to可亲，多指人和蔼可亲，易于接近
agreeable to欣然同意的;适合的，适宜的
accountable to对…负责
此题的理解需承接整个句, 首先此空所在后半句乃一方式状语，承接前半句说明法官怎样来解决有关法庭(裁决的)公正合理的质疑。将此四个选项分别代入，可得出正确答案[D]，法官只有对对行为准则负责，也即是遵循一定的行为准则才可确保其裁决的公正与合理。
20.【答案】D
【解析】此题考察逻辑搭配。此句承接上句，旨在说明由此带来的结果，也即是文中所说的“。。。使得裁决看起来完全不受政治的影响，如法律一般令人信服。” 结合四个选项意思，可知选[D]。
2011考研英语(一)试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But ___1____some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does ___2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ____3___ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to ___4___, a good laugh is unlikely to have ___5___benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.
___6____, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the ___7___, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter___8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.
Such bodily reaction might conceivably help ___9___the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. ___11___one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ___12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.
Although sadness also ___14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow ______15_________ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers
to ____16____ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) ____17____ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ___19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around ___20___ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.
1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like
2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce
3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining
4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe
5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable
6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief
7．[A]opposite [B]impossible [C]average [D]expected
8．[A]hardens [B]weakens [C]tightens [D]relaxes
9．[A]aggravate [B]generate [C]moderate [D]enhance
10．[A]physical [B]mental [C]subconscious [D]internal
11．[A]Except for [B] According to [C] Due to [D] As for
12．[A]with [B]on [C]in [D]at
13．[A]unless [B]until [C]if [D]because
14．[A]exhausts [B]follows [C]precedes [D]suppresses
15．[A]into [B]from [C]towards [D]beyond
16．[A]fetch [B]bite [C]pick [D]hold
17．[A]disappointed [B]excited [C]joyful [D]indifferent
18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [D]reacted
19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentioning [D]supposing
20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similarly [D]Conversely
2011考研英语（一）答案
Section I Use of English
1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC
1.C
解析：语义逻辑题。第一句含义是“古希腊哲学家亚里士多德把笑看作是“有益于身体健康的宝贵锻炼”，第二句意思是“但是一些人提出相反的意见，轻笑可能对身体健康影响极小”，两句之间是转折关系，A、B、C、D四个选项中只有C选项表转折“尽管”，故是正确选项。
2.D
解析：语义辨析题。上下文语境是“笑确实能短期的改变”。A. reflect“反映”，B. demand“要求”，C. indicate“表明，暗示”，D. produce“产生”，只有D 选项符合语境，所以是正确答案。
3.B
解析：语义搭配题。文中提到“笑能够心律呼吸速率。” A. stabilizing 意思是“安定，稳定”，B. boosting“促进，推进”，C. impairing“损害，削弱”，D. determining“决定”，根据语境应该是“笑能够促进心律呼吸速率”，B为正确答案。
4.B
解析：语义辨析题。这句话意思是“但是因为大笑很难，一次狂笑不可能……”，四个选项的含义分别是A. transmit “传播”，B. sustain“维持”，C. evaluate“评估”，D. observe“观察”，根据语境，只有B. sustain符合语境。
5.A
解析：语义辨析题。这句话意思是“一次狂笑不可能像比如走路或者慢跑那样对心血管功能产生益处。” A. measurable“重大的，重要的”，B. manageable“易控制的”，C. affordable“负担得起的”，D. renewable“可再生的”，四个选项中能和“益处”搭配的只有A. measurable，故是正确答案。
6.B
解析：逻辑分析题。第二段第一句是说“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉，很显然笑确是起到了……作用”，对上文有承接还有转折的关系，A. In turn 意思是“轮流”，C. In addition
是“另外”，D. In brief 意思是“简而言之”，都不符合语境，只有B. In fact“事实上”符合上下文语境，是正确选项。
7.A
解析：语义逻辑题。第二段第二句的意思是说“笑可以放松肌肉，在狂笑平息之后45分钟内会降低肌肉张力”，跟上文中的“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉”是相反的关系，所以A. opposite是正确选项。
8.D
解析：语义搭配题。空格前后面是“笑肌肉”，A. hardens“使变硬”，B. weakens“减少”，C. tightens“是变紧”，D. relaxes“放松”，因为上文提到了“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉，很显然笑确实起到了相反的作用”。“拉紧”的反义词只有D. relaxes，故正确。
9.C
解析：语义搭配题。这句话的意思是“这样的身体放松可能会帮助心理紧张状态的影响。” A. aggravate“加剧，恶化”，B. generate“使形成，发生”，C. moderate“节制，减轻”，D. enhance“增加”，根据上下文语境，只能是“减轻心理压力”，故C是正确选项。
10.A
解析：语义逻辑题。这句话的意思是“笑的行为毕竟可能会产生其他形式的反馈来提高个体的情绪状态。”其中提到“笑的行为”，它是一种身体上的行为，后面提到“其他反馈”，应该是和“笑”相呼应的，故正确选项是A。
11.B
解析：词义辨析题。根据已知信息推测，应该是“根据一个经典的情绪理论，……”A. Except for表示“除了……”，它引出一个与前面的词相反的原因或者事例；B. According to“根据，按照”，表示依据，后面常跟表示理论、思想之类的词，是正确答案。C. Due to“由于，因为” 后面跟一般原因，D. As for“至于，就……方面说”用以转换话题和表现态度，故排除。
12.C
解析：固定搭配题。be rooted in是固定词组表示“来源于……”be rooted跟其它选项不搭配使用，故排除。
13.D
解析：逻辑关系题。这句话的意思是“人们不会他们伤心而哭，但当开始流泪时他们才变得伤心。”伤心和哭之间是因果关系，所以答案应该是D. because。
14.C
解析：词义辨析/语义逻辑题。解题关键although。although表示假设，让步。由上文提到当人们流泪时才觉得伤心可知，伤心在流泪之后。这里要说另一种情况“伤心也会在流泪之前”而A. exhausts“使筋疲力尽；使疲惫不堪”，B. follows “跟随” C. precedes“先于，表示在……之前发生(或出现)”；D. suppresses“压制；阻止；抑制”，语义不符。
15.B
解析：词义辨析题。由已知信息可知原文要表达“证据显示情绪是肌肉反映的结果”A. into“进入……中，到……里” B. from “来自”表原因，符合表达需要，故为正确答案。
C. towards向，朝
D. beyond “超出，超过”意思不符合，故排除。
16.D
解析：词义辨析题。A. fetch“取来”，B. bite“咬，叮”，C. pick“采，摘”，D. hold“拿，抱，握住”，根据上下文信息可知该实验要求志愿者用牙咬住或者用嘴含住一支笔。hold的意思最符合。
17.A
解析：词义辨析/语义逻辑题。由已知信息“用嘴含住一支笔”推测，这个动作会产生一种失望的表情A. disappointed“失望的”意思最符合，B. excited “兴奋的”，C.
joyful“快乐的”，D. indifferent“漠不关心的”都不符合语境，故排除。
18.D
解析：词义辨析题。A. adapted to“变得习惯于……, 使适应于……”，B. catered to “迎合，满足某种需要或要求”，C. turned……to“转向”，D. reacted to“对……作出反应”，根据原文表达需要“在观看有趣的动画片时……”此处正确选项是D. reacted to。
19.A
解析：词义辨析题。根据前文信息，由前面的实验结果“那些被强制锻炼笑肌的人比那些嘴唇皱着表情失望的人在观看有趣的动画片时反应更加丰富”，我们可以推断出一个结论A. suggesting表明，后接结论的句子，符合要求，故为正确答案。B. requiring “需要，要求”， C. mentioning “提到”，D. supposing“假定，假设”都不符合上下文语境，故排除。
20.C
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
2015年考研英语（一）深度解析：完型 1. [A] what 【解析】此题考查疑问代词辨析：题干中过去分词短语published from the University of California and Yale University…作后置定语，修饰study，而真正的句子主干是That is 1 a study has 2 .简化后的句子可以让我们清晰地看出第一题要说的是研究study的具体内容是what，不是方式how，也不是原因why，更不是时间when。 2. [B] concluded 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：同第一题一样，根据简化的句子That is what a study has 2 来解题。题目选择的动词是说明study怎样才有了上面what表示的内容。所以此题选择concluded“推断;得出结论”。其他的动词据不符合要求。 3. [D] on 【解析】此题考查介词辨析：根据题干The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects的要求，所选择的介词能用在conduct“实施;进行”之后，又得和subject 搭配，所以这个题目应该选择on，构成on some subjects“关于某类主题”。 4. [C] compared 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：通过观察题干，我们发现第4题位于which引导的定语从句之内，作从句的谓语动词。Which修饰主句的主语study“研究”，如此补全定语从句就是： The study 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers…所以正确答案选择C。该项研究是对比所选择的两个样本。其他选项都不符合题意。 5. [C] samples 【解析】此题考查名词辨析：The same people were used in both 5 .通过观察题干，我们发现第5题空前的单词是both，表示“两者都…”。而上文中提到两者的只有“unrelated friends”和“unrelated strangers”，即这项研究的两个样本，所以答案选择C. samples“样本”。 6.[A] insignificant 【解析】此题考查形容词辨析和让步关系：题干While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist句首的While引导让步状语从句，同时提示我们逗号后和逗号前的内容形成一定程度上的对立关系，而且作者的表达重点位于逗号之后，1%的数量对于基因研究者来说影响程度很大。那么对于普通人而言这个数据就显得微不足道了。正确答案只能选择A。 7. [C] know 【解析】此题考查动词辨析和转折关系：题干Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin中说“大多数人甚至不他们的第四代表亲，但是尽量选择和亲属人作为朋友”。even“甚至”这一个词就提示我们应该本题只能选择know“了解，认识”，其他选项都不符合题目要求。 8. [D] resemble
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined ￥ 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses （ 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 。 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
考研英语完形填空历年常考固定搭配汇总 be absorbed in 专心于 by accident 偶然 account for 说明 on account of 因为，由于take…into account 考虑 be accustomed to 习惯于 add up to 合计，总计 in addition 另外 in addition to 除。。。之外 in advance 提前，预先 take advantage of 利用 ahead of 在。。。前面，先于 in the air 在流行中，在传播中 all but 几乎，差一点，除。。。之外其余都 all over 遍及，到处 all right 行，可以 in all 总共，共计 make allowances for 考虑，顾及，体谅 in alliance with 与。。。联盟leave…alone 听其自然，不要去管 let alone 更不用说 along with 与。。。一起 one after another 一个接一个 one another 互相 apart from 除去 as for 至于，就。。。方面说 as if 好像，仿佛 as though 好像，仿佛 as to 至于，关于 aside from 除。。。之外 ask for 请求，要求 on the average 平均，一般来说 right away 立即，马上 back and forth 来回，往返，来来往往地 back off 放，让步，退却 back up 支持，援助 on the basis of 根据 on behalf of 代表，为了 at the best 充其量，至多 get the best of胜过 make the best of 充分利用 for the better 好转，改善 get the better of 打败，智胜had better 最好还是，应该 on board 在船/车飞机上 be bound to 必定，一定 break away 脱离，逃跑 break down 损坏，分解，瓦解 break in 强行进入，闯入，打断break into 闯入 break out 突发，爆发 break through 突破 break up 终止，结束，打碎catch one’s breath 屏息 out of breath 喘不过气来 in brief 简而言之 bring about 带来，造成 bring down 打倒，挫伤 bring forth 产生，提出 bring forward 提出 bring out 使出现，公布 bring to 使恢复知觉 bring up 教育，培养，使成长build up 积累，树立，逐步建立 in bulk 散装，大批 burn out烧掉 burn up烧完，烧尽 call for 邀请，要求，需要 call forth 唤起，引起
历年考研英语完形填空 真题 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
历年考研英语完形填空真题（2005） The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. 1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3. [A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering [C]determining[D]detecting 8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused 9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14. [A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient[D]insufficient 15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable 20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
一. 完形填空整体介绍： 1.完形填空历年考察的效率（表格）。 2.完形填空解题核心和复习思路。 ---- 以主旨为导向，以逻辑为准绳，段落为战场，以选项分析为武器。 ---- 阅读是做题的基础，逻辑是判断的依据，切勿看一空做一空，需瞻前顾后。3.完形填空的发展方向。 以考察文章发展脉络和理解为主，同时考察核心词的运用，同义词辨析越来越少。 二. 八套卷完型样题讲解及思路展示 以第四套及第七套文章为纲展示核心考点： 1. 第四套文章行文模式：英语一重点形式 完型填空常见行文模式： 1). 现象描述+现象说明（正反）（09，16） 2). 实验研究的设想/结果+实验过程及分析+总结/意义(08, 09,10,11,13,15) 3).提出问题+分析问题+解决方案及建议（06,12,14） 2. 涉及解题技巧及考点： 逻辑一致 核心成分分析+选项分析 同义选项 同形选项
（第一段）Ellie is a psychologist, and a damned good one at that. Smile in a certain way, and she knows 1what your smile means. 2 a nervous tic or tension in an eye, and she instantly 3 on it. She listens to what you say, 4 every word, works out the meaning of your 5 , your tone, your posture, everything. She is at the 6 of her game but, according to a new study, her greatest 7 is that she is not human. 1. A. precisely B. delicately C. accurately D. particularly 2. A. Reveal B. Develop C. Burst D. Deliver 3. A. stays up B. picks up C. checks up D. holds up 4. A. disposes B. resolves C. processes D. executes 6. A. cross B. termination C. topD. milestone 7. A. asset B. capital C. resource D. property 5. A. vibration B. pause C. omission D. pitch 同义词原则： 第五套：In 2014，eight 2 ten women prisoners were 3 for non-violent 4 , compared with seven in ten male prisoners. 3. A. jailedB. captivated C. charged D. accused 4. A. offences B. attacks C. behaviours D. responses 四个同义词： 第五套：Another 13 is that female prisoners are trickier to manage because they are more likely to
考研英语完形填空刷题 方法 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
完形填空刷题方法时间转瞬即逝，我们的暑期备考已近进行了一半，你的复习怎么样了，今天为大家分享2018考研英语完型突破实用方法，一起来看看。 完形填空是英语题型中得分率不高的一个题型，但总体分值也不多，该怎么安排这部分的复习呢?下面来谈谈这个问题： 一、如何复习完形填空?什么时候开始准备? 完形填空是考研比较难的一部分，从历年的平均分可看出，每年平均分都在5分左右，低于及格分。又由于完形填空所占分值不高，许多同学都选择避开，复习阅读时顺带复习完形，或者干脆不管，考试时“蒙一水”。这种做法有一定道理，毕竟完型较难，分值不多，就算投入大量时间和精力也不一定能保证多几分。但是，就算如此，完型也不能甩手不管，需要投入一定时间去准备，另外就是了解一些完形填空出题规律以及做题的技巧和方法，争取达到及格分以上。 复习完形建议以真题为参考，立足真题。把完形出现的固定搭配、固定词组整理出来，在你开始接触真题时就该复习完型。一般在9月后开始系统准备、做题为宜。 二、完形填空有没有做题技巧? 完形填空做题技巧历来都是备受同学青睐。对于这种提分不容易，分值比例又较低的部分同学们都倾向于用“技巧”解题。在此要提醒同学们，任何技巧都是建立在基础上的，技巧不能决定成败，但可起到锦上添花作用。同时，下面给大家分享一些技巧： A、完形填空的第一句话作为文章的开篇，告诉我们文章的主题，下面的内容都是围绕它展开，因此第一句都是完整的，我们也要紧抓第一句话，自己所做的选择都应与第一句的意思相一致。另外注意完形填空选的是最佳答案，而不是正确答案 B、学会利用红花绿叶原则做题。完形词汇分为红花词和绿叶词。红花词就是每次出现在真题里都会选;绿叶词就是屡次出现屡次不选。比如说however、although、yet、because等属于红花词。Since、nowthat、what、if only、in case等都属于绿叶词。根据往年经验，利用红花绿叶原则做题能做对2-5题，但同时也有失手可能，失手也是有原因的，因为和后面提到的原则矛盾了。 C、同义原则：在四个选项中，当两个或三个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中。当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时，往往都不选。当四个
2006年考研英语完形填空真题答案解析 1.A逻辑关系题(总分关系) 根据要填的空所在语句的前一句“无家可归者在美国人口中所占比例越来越大”与后一句“无家可归者所占的比例已经达到如此地步以至于…”，并不难发现后一句是对前一句的一个例证和强调。ABCD四个选项中，A.Indeed的确，一般表示强调;B.Likewise类似地，表示前后两句的相似性;C.Therefore因此，是一个因果连词，强调结果;而D.Furthermore进一步说，表示递进关系。因此，只有A选项符合前后两句间的例证强调关系，故为正确答案。 2.B词义辨析题(动词辨析) 考察动词的辨析，首先要找到空所在那句话的主干，即“homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan’tpossibly__”，该句给出了动作的发出者(主语)，即localgovernment，那么只要判断出该主语可以发出选项中的哪个动作，问题就迎刃而解了;此外，空后没有其他成分，即宾语，因此，填入的动词应为不及物动词。ABCD四个选项中，A.stand，忍受，及物动词，不符合句子结构;B.cope，处理，忍受，不及物动词，放在原句中表达完整意思，“…已达到政府无法忍受的地步”，为正确选项;C.approve，批准，通常“批准”的是文件，与原句语言环境不符;而D.retain，保留，与无家可归人的数量搭配在一起不合适。因此，正确答案为B.cope。 3.D固定搭配题(介词辨析) 选项中的四个介词都可以与help搭配，分别构成：A.helpsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事;B.helpsb.for为…而帮助某人;C.helpsb.withsth.帮助某人处理某事;D.helpsb.toward…帮助某人向(某个方向发展)。结合语境具体信息，“Tohelphomelesspeople__independence,thefederalgovernmentmust…”，“为帮助无家可归人__独立，联邦政府必须支持就业培训计划…”，D选项toward最符合题意，故为正确答案。 4.A词义辨析+逻辑关系题(动词辨析+并列关系) 通过并列连词and及三个结构相似的短语：“supportjobtrainingprograms”，“__theminimumwage”和“fundmorelow-costhousing”可以判断出这道题考查的是短语之间的并列关系，通过并列关系一致性的原则从所给短语中寻找线索就可以解答这道题。第三个短语中出现了more，说明要填的动词一定表示数量上的增加或提高，C(take，拿走)和D(keep，保持)排除;而B选项add通常用在addsth.tosth.(将某物加到另一物上面)中，并非数量的增加。因此，正确答案为A选项，“提高最低收入”。 5.D词义辨析题(副词辨析) 选项中出现表示否定意味的词语，且该空位于段首，无法通过上文获取提示信息，因此应先解答6、7等题，才能获取有效信息。第6题所在语句意为：估计数字在60万到300万这个范围内变化;第7题所在语句意为：尽管数字可能不同，分析师们在另一问题上达成了一致意见。由此可见，对于无家可归者数量的问题众说纷纭，因此，并非每个人都同意美国无家可归者的数量。正确答案为D.not。 6.C词义辨析题(动词辨析) “Estimates__anywherefrom60,000to3million.”，该句中的anywherefrom…to…决定所填动词表示一个范围的变化，并可与from…to…搭配。A.cover，覆盖，不能与from…to搭配;B.change，变化，改变，changefrom…to…，表示没有规律的变化;C.range，在某个范围内变化，符合原句;D.differ，不同于…，常与from连用，构成differfrom…，不同于…，不符合题意。因此，正确答案为C.range。