英语倍数表达法

英语倍数表达法
倍数表达法是高中英语教学的重点，也是历届高考的热点。

当我们要表达甲是乙的几倍时，通常用下面三个句型来表示：
1.“A+times+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B大（长、高、宽等）多少
倍”。

如：
This rope is twice longer than that one.
这根绳子比那根绳子长2倍（是那根绳子3倍长）。

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
这个大厅比我们的教室大5倍(是我们教室的6倍大)。

The car runs twice faster than that truck.
这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快2倍（是那辆卡车的三倍快）。

2.“A+times+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。

如：
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的4倍。

This big stone is three times as heavy as that one.
这块大石头的重量是那块的3倍。

The plane flew ten times as high as the kite.
那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的10倍。

This table is three times as long as that one.
这张桌子是那张桌子的3倍长。

This dictionary is five times as thick as the one you borrowed from the library.
这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本（厚度）的 5 倍。

3.“A+times+the size/height/length/width/depth, etc+of+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。

如：
This street is four times the length of that one.
这条街是那条街的4倍长。

This hill is four times the height of that small one.
这座山的高度是那座小山的4倍。

The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
地球的体积是月球的 49 倍。

This river is three times the depth of that one.
这条河是那条河的3倍深。

除掌握倍数表达的三个常规句型外，我们更要注意的是其常规句型的变形及其特殊规律。

一、常规句型的变形
1.“... times+more+名词（可数或不可数）+than+被比对象”。

如：
There are five times more books in our library than in yours.
我们图书馆里的书比你们图书馆多5倍多。

We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year.
我们今年生产的粮食是去年的2倍多。

He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.
他现在挣的钱比十年前挣的多 5 倍。

There are twice more students in our class than in theirs.
我们班的学生人数比他们班多2倍。

2.“... times as many/much+名词+as+被比对象”。

如：
There is four times as much water in this pot as in that one.
这个壶里装的水是那个壶里的4倍。

There are six times as many students as we expected.
学生数量是我们预期的6倍。

We've produced twice as much cotton this year as (we did) ten years ago.
今年我们生产的棉花比十年前多了一倍。

（汉语中的多一倍实际上也指2倍一样多。

）
He has got three times as many books as his sister.
他拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的 3 倍。

3.“... times+up on/over+被比对象”。

如：
The size of the sun is a million times over that of the earth.
太阳的体积比地球的体积大一百万倍。

He is three times up on your age.
他的年龄是你的 4 倍（或：比你的年龄大 3 倍）。

4.“... times+that+of+被比对象”。

如：
In this workshop, the output of July was 4.5 times that of January.
这个车间7月份的产量是1月份的4.5倍。

5.“...times+compared with+被比对象”。

如：
The number of the students in our school has increased 4 times compared with 1980.
我们学校的学生人数比1980年增加了4倍。

6.“...times+what+从句”。

如：
The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.
现在的产量比十年前增加了3倍。

The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.
这条路的长度是三年前的 4 倍。

The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.
肉价是去年的2倍。

7. “… +by + … times”。

如：
Compared with last year，our coal output has increased by three times.
与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3倍。

His speed is faster than mine by four times.
他的速度比我的快4倍。

二、倍数/百分数（percent）+compared with/up on +被比对象。

如：
Our factory’s output of TV sets in the first six months of this year was 10% up compared with last year.
今年头六个月我们厂电视机的产量与去年相比增加了10%。

The industrial output of last year in our factory was 35% up on that of 2001.
我们厂去年的工业产量比2001年增加了35%。

三、用again（一倍），double（两倍），triple（三倍），fourfold（四倍）等词表示倍数。

如：
My Aunt is as old again as I am.
我姑姑的年龄比我大一倍。

The production is now double what it was ten years ago.
现在的产量是十年前的2倍。

（double用作形容词，表示“两倍的”。

）
The output has been doubled in the past six years.
在过去六年中产量已经翻了一番。

（double用作动词，表示“是……的两倍”。

）
The new work procedure tripled the output.
新工艺使产量增加2倍。

The output of grain increased fourfold.
粮食产量增加了3倍。