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考点01 冠词【命题解读】冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。
但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。
在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及冠词的运用。
故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点。
【命题预测】预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
【复习建议】复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1. 单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2. 复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3. 无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。
考向一不定冠词1. 不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。
a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。
In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。
这是一件平常之事。
An hour ago, an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。
2. 不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。
The ＂Chinese Dream＂is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。
从句与句式在语法填空中的考查并列句或复合句中的连(接)词为语法填空必考内容，句式结构的判断至关重要。
1.并列连词：连接两个或几个词、短语或句子的并列连词有and，or，but，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...等。
2.引导名词性从句的连接代词或连接副词(有意义，并在从句中作句子成分)，以及that(不作任何句子成句，没有任何意义)，和表示“是否”的whether/if。
其中要特别注意连接代词what 的意义和用法。
3.引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词。
注意：关系词是代表先行词并在定语从句中作句子成分的。
4.引导状语从句的从属连词。
5.特殊句式常考的语法项目包含主谓一致、倒装句、强调句、省略句、感叹句、祈使句等。
考查形式有谓语动词的数、状语从句的省略中的非谓语动词、助动词、替代词或标志性的词等。
若含有两个主谓结构的句子之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那么空格处一定填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句还是某种主从复合句。
然后根据从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连词。
如：一旦判断是定语从句，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么句子成分，来确定关系词。
若在从句中作主语或宾语，就用关系代词；若作状语，就用关系副词。
专题1定语从句框架结构图定语从句的句法功能及相关定义1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
2.位置：定语从句常置于被修饰词之后；as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前、句中，也可置于主句之后。
Thosewhoarefortheplanraiseyourhands，please.Asisknowntousall，theearthisspinningaroundthesun.3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some-，any-，every-，no-与-body，-thing的合成词或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。
考点巩固11 冠词最新高考真题1.（2024·新高考I卷·高考真题）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for________ first time.2.（2024年浙江卷1月高考真题）Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh.3.（2023年新高考II卷高考真题）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.4.（2023年新高考I卷语法填空）The meat should be fresh with______touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.5.（2023年新高考II卷高考真题）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.6.（2023年浙江卷1月高考真题）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers.7.（2022年新高考I卷高考真题）Covering an area about three times ________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.8.（2022年新高考II卷高考真题）Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ______ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.9.（2022年全国乙卷高考真题）To celebrate ______ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.10.（2022年浙江1月高考真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ________ time, they agreed.11.（2022年浙江卷6月高考真题）The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ________ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains.12.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）_______ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 2024年高考模拟真题1．Rice is already one of the most nutritious foods available in nature, but thanks to some scientific “magic”, it could soon become sustainable (可持续的) alternative to meat.2．I’m not certain what happened afterwards, but for that brief period, we two vastly different species connected, bridging gap between us through songs.3．“Solving problem of plastic pollution is important. Landfill space is becoming limited,” says Wu, a Stanford University environmental engineering instructor.4．If a woman is over 40, or even if she is 80, her birthday is always 39th. If she is in her thirties, her birthday will be the 29th.5．However, what truly amazed me was the “energy of Suzhou” represented by its people who have enormous respect for their city’s time-honored history as well as innovative eye on the future.6．You wouldn’t believe success that we have had. In fact, a couple of weeks ago, our officeair-conditioning went out.7．She was much younger than the other members in the conservation and research team at the Mogao Caves, whose leader was her father Chang Shuhong (1904-1994), noted painter and director of the Dunhuang Academy.8．That led to increasing number of Chinese brands joining the trend and creating a wave of China Chic. 9．They are home to vast variety of life forms.10．The launch of Tianzhou-5 will be 200th launch mission for the Xichang Satellite Launch Center this year, as well as the last one for the Wenchang launch site this year.11．In China, food deliverymen are always in a rush on the road regardless of wind or rain. Though they make our life more convenient, this can come at cost of their life.12．The data from this extreme weather station is enabling scientists to directly keep close eye on the jet stream and understand how Himalayan climate is changing.13．Every summer in ancient Hangzhou, capital city of the Southern Song Dynasty, each family cooked a new tea called Qijia tea，primarily together with fine fruits of various colors.14．Kua Fu could not stop for instant, and he ran like wind all the way, struggling to catch up.15．The meat should be fresh with touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious. 16．Not the pandas, even though language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 17．Chinese hamburgers are very real and they predate hamburgers we call our own in the U. S. 18．Tai Chi is good kind of exercise for old people. It is good for the body and the mind.19．It is praised as a magnificent architectural work of village houses in world for its long history, unique style, smart structure and magnificent scale, which is closely related to the history of Hakka people in the mountainous areas in Fujian.20．The Xinjiang nang industry has played key role in poverty alleviation (减贫) too, aiming to create a more innovative and powerful mode of industrial development.21．However, naked marriage has become the most fashionable wedding style for those who were born after 1980s.22．New customers preferred Chinese styles, says painter in Dafen. He learnt the art of Shan Shui which involves representing natural landscapes.23．The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. Ren is rich in content, and varied in form.24．When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was joke.25．The Song and Yuan dynasties saw peak in the development of Chinese culture, and this coincided with the golden age of ancient books in China, says Chu Xiaobo, director of the Shanghai Museum.26．The Yellow River basin is home to a lot of cultural relics, ancient documents and other important cultural heritage, and their protection is a very important part of the river’s protection and governance, since it is of irreplaceable significance to promoting inheritance (继承) of Chinese civilization.27．Do keep open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there’s no re-living a certain semester(学期), and there’s no making up for lost time.28．Famous for carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboo basket, Wang Fa, a 14-year-old dark horse, who won the U14 boys’ singles title in the Guangzhou stop of the 2022 ASICS Tennis Junior Tour, has becomeInternet sensation.29．In the Tianmu Mountain region, there’s appealing local dish called hand-peeled bamboo (手剥笋) shoots, which are cooked in salty water and then cooled and packaged as a snack.30．The second phase, Zhongfu, is traditionally time for consuming noodles because it helps people sweat and relieve inner heat.31．The most representative among them is Lyu Opera, unique kind of the Chinese art form. 32．Each volume in the set explores wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life.33．“It is unique opening ceremony, featuring a breathtaking light show as its centerpiece,” said The Times of India, ...34．Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, other stays fresh.35．Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7percent.36．Like many undergraduate biology students, Wang Fang was taught that pandas are a prime example of umbrella species — a well-known and usually endangered animal.37．If they want to see me, tell them to make appointment.38．The stores in Chinatown offer unique range of souvenirs and goods.39．Professors and students alike in the three universities made epic journey over a distance of more than 2,000 kilometers , most of them on foot.40．Smart farming has a real potential to deliver more productive and sustainable form of agricultural production.41．Tourists have been going there for centuries to visit its celebrated cafe and get taste for the party atmosphere.42．The results of these tests clearly show that you have aptitude for music.43．More data should be analyzed before you can come to conclusion.44．Believe it or not, all my life I have tried to be honest man.45．It is well worth making effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection. 46．She asked great many questions and her blue eyes were full of deep thinking 47．Wahaha, household name in China, has been undergoing massive changes recently.48．When she realized she had misplaced her keys, she searched her bag in panic, fearing she might be late for work.49．After reading the introduction, I have strong urge to pay a visit to the spectacular architecture. 50．Also, there is a lot of research showing that positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity.51．The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gifts from his patients, so he hasvery good reputation.52．We thought it privilege to have been invited to such a wedding party, where all guests drank a toast for the bride and bridegroom.53．Calligraphy (书法) is not only a tool of cultural communication but artistic treasure with shining and extraordinary beauty.54．Wildlife trips offer thrilling encounter with wildlife in its natural state.55．Scientific locating of colleges has influence on their further development.56．He established a training school years ago and did make fortune.57．The online school provides efficient platform for the young to train themselves. 58．However, consumers still have to click through to the site to make purchase.59．He is such optimistic and brave person that no great difficulties could defeat him.60．Making pictures out of raw materials is sometimes fun challenge.61．When you are learning a foreign language, there’s no point in just knowing words if you can’t hold a conversation with native.62．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles.63．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi.64．The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as good treatment for over 100 medical problems.65．Many well-known people attended the international meeting in Wuhan, including astronomer and some physicists from Australia.66．She went to a European university to study art. university is really amazing.67．Under influence of the team captain, he learned how to cooperate, and seized the gold medal in the final.68．It is pity that Wu Yanni’s score was canceled because of her mistake.69．DGFLS is one of the most fascinating schools in Guangdong, covering area of about 89,000 square meters.70．I have never taken part in more meaningful activity than this one.。
2023年高考英语语法专题：考点01-冠词与语法填空原卷版考点01 冠词（原卷版）【命题解读】冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：①冠词的泛指、特指②在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法③固定搭配④ a 和an的区别（2017新增）【命题预测】预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
【名师指导】复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：①单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；②复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；③无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。
不定冠词【2022全国甲卷】___________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。
a用在辅音开头（不是辅音字母，是音标）的单词前面；an 用于以元音开头（不是元音字母，是音标）的单词前。
如：a book, an apple；a university，an hour.1. 用于泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。
The village where I was born has grown into a town.2. 用于第一次提到或出现的名词前，表泛指，不特别指明具体情况。
There is a cup on the desk, but the cup isn’t mine.3. 用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
I have three books, and I want to buy a fourth one.4. 用于形容词的比较级前，表示“一个更……的”。
If we sit near the front of the bus, we’ll hav e a better view.5. 用于姓名、星期名称前，表示“某个名叫……的人，一个跟某人相仿的人，某人的作品、发明”或“某个星期几”。
考点01 冠词【命题趋势】冠词是历年高考的必考点，对于冠词的考查主要集中在冠词的基本用法和习惯用法，高考中常见的考点如下：①冠词的泛指、特指②在形容词和副词比较等级前的用法③固定搭配④ a 和an的区别（2017新增）预计2021年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空中出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
【重要考向】一、不定冠词a, an辨析；二、定冠词the的用法；三、零冠词的用法；四、含有冠词的词组辨析。
不定冠词不定冠词不定冠词有a和an两种形式。
a用在以辅音音标开头的词前,an用在以元音音标开头的词前。
a house a useful book a universityan hour an umbrella an angry boy不定冠词的用法主要有:1) 泛指某人或某物,不具体说明其为何人或何物。
在行文叙述时,第一次提到某个人或事物时,通常使用不定冠词,此为“泛指”。
例如:A girl is asking for you on the phone.My mother works in a hospital.2) 用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,即以一个个体代表整类人或事物,此为“类指”。
例如:A plane is faster than a train.飞机比火车快。
A snake is a cold-blooded animal.蛇是冷血动物。
3) 表示“一”,但数量概念没有one强烈。
例如:They waited there for an hour.他们在那等了一个小时。
Rome wasn't built in a day.罗马非一天能建成。
(即:冰冻三尺非一日之寒。
)如特别强调数量,应使用one。
例如:I have only one dictionary and I need it myself.4) 用在表示时间、速度、价格等计量单位的名词前表示“每一”,相当于per或every。
例如:The plane can get 300 kilometers an hour.飞机的速度是每小时300公里。
The doctor told her to take the medicine three times a day.医生叫她一天服三次药。
We work five days a week.我们一周工作五天。
5) 用于抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时),使之意义具体化,表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等。
例如:It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。
(honour是抽象名词,an honour 指一件荣誉的事)There was heavy rain last week.(rain为物质名词,这里指一场雨)6) 用于序数词(后加名词)前,表示又一个,又一次。
例如:He tried a sixth time and succeeded.他又试第六次,结果成功了。
When I sat down, a fourth student rose to speak.当我坐下时,又有第四个同学起立发言。
7) 用于某一个人名、地名前,使专有名词普通化。
例如:A Mr.Li has been waiting for you.一位姓李的先生一直在等你。
Chongqing is known as a Shanghai of the west.重庆被称作西部的上海。
(Shanghai是专有名词,本句中a Shanghai 指和上海一样繁华的城市)8) 用于某些固定词组中,是这些词组不可缺少的组成部分。
例如:in a moment 立刻,马上once upon a time 从前as a result (of) 作为(……)的结果in a hurry 急忙地in a word 一句话,总而言之once in a while 偶尔地have a good time 过得很愉快have a word with 与……说句话have/take a look (at)看一看have/take a rest 休息一下take an active part in积极参加do sb.a favour 帮某人的忙put an end to 结束at a mouthful 一大口地all of a sudden 突然as a matter of fact 事实上at a loss 不知所措；困惑pay a visit to 参观；拜访be/go on a diet 节食give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车have a gift for... 在……方面有天赋have a word with 与……谈话make a fool of 愚弄in a way 在某种程度上keep an eye on 留意；留神make a living 谋生once in a while 偶尔as a result/consequence 因此【典例】1.(2020全国3 改错)For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple.【答案】the改成a考查冠词。
句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。
泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。
2. (2019全国II)When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was _______ joke.【答案】a【解析】句意：当我们接到电话说她获得提名，我们还以为那只是是一个玩笑。
这里表示泛指，应填不定冠词a。
3. He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get __________ second chance in the long jump.【答案】a【解析】句意：他失去了这次跳高的金牌，不过在跳远比赛中他还有机会。
序数词前用不定冠词表示“另一（个），又一（个），a second chance意为“又一次机会”。
4.(2017全国II)As _________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 【答案】a【解析】句意：结果，人们会吃更多的食物来尽量弥补失去的东西。
as a result是固定词组，意为“结果”。
定冠词定冠词the的用法1)表示上文提到过的人或事物。
He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.2) 用于单数可数名词前，表示整体或类别。
The panda is a rare animal.此句等于：A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.3)用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。
the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world4)用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。
the Chinese Communist Party, the working class the proletariat 无产阶级5)常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。
A. 用于许多江海，山脉，群岛等名词前：The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific OceanB. 用于由普通名词构成的国名：The People’s Republic of China the United StatesC. 用于机关、团体、朝代、时代、报刊杂志等名词前：the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People’s Dailythe Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum6)用于表示方位的名词前。
the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left7)用于乐器名词前，但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。
play the piano play the violin play erhu8) 用于复数的姓氏前，表示两夫妇或全家，在此情况下，这类名词作复数对待。
The Smiths watch TV every day.9) 用于某些形容词或过去分词前，表示一类人或事物。
the poor the rich the living the youngthe wounded the oppressed the beautiful10) 用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。
Shanghai is the biggest city in china.After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.【典例】1. （2019年全国1语法填空）Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six __are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。
此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
2. (2018年全国II)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.【答案】the【解析】过去的25年里，玉米产量增长了125%，而大米只增长了7%。
在过去的25年里是固定短语：in the past 25 years3. （2017全国II）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over 64.________ top.【答案】the【解析】the考查冠词。
