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see3 Rewrite the sentences using see .1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.1987 saw a major stock market crash.2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets.The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.5 There was great techno logical change during our grandparents‘ generation.Our grandparents‘ generation saw a great technological change.turn out to be4 Rewrite the sentences using turn out to be .1 I thought the ring was made of gold, but in the end it proved to be silver.I thought the ring was made of gold, but it turned out to be silver.2 She looked like my cousin, but she was actually a complete stranger.She looked like my cousin, but she turned out to be a complete stranger.3 The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it proved to be a good investment.The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it turned out to be a good investment.4 I saw smoke rising from the building, but it was a false alarm.I saw smoke rising from the building, but it turned out to be a false alarm.5 I didn‘t want to move to England, but in the end it proved to be a wise decision.I didn‘t want to move to England, but it turned out to be a wise decision.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1hint A hint can be something you say to show your feelings without saying directly what they are, a small amount of something, or a piece of advice.(a) If someone has a hint of a smile on their face, what do you see?You see just a small sign of a smile but not a proper smile.(b) What helpful hints would you give someone starting their own business?I‘d suggest that they need to have a clear focus on what the business is about and exactly how it will work, eg the person should identify a niche in the market that the new business can fill.(c) If you drop a hint about what you would like for your birthday, do you ask for it directly?No, of course not! You just find a way to join in with a normal conversation and say something about what you would like.2range This word can mean a number of things of the same general type, the distance or limits of something, or to move freely.(a) What can you find in a shop which stocks a wide range of products?You can find products of all kinds, a good variety of them.(b) What would be the best thing to do if you were within range of someone with a gun?Run quickly away out of range if there is time; if not, take shelter.(c) Which is the biggest mountain range in China?Well, the Himalayas are the highest, but the Tian Shan or Kunlun mountain ranges are longer.(d) What have hens which lay free-range eggs been able to do?They have been able to run and walk around freely, compared to hens which are kept in small cagesor containers.3 reflect This word can mean to be a sign of a situation, or to think carefully about something.(a) Whose image is reflected if you look in a mirror?Your own image is reflected back to you when you look in a mirror.(b) Do you believe that the state of the economy can be reflected in the height of hemlines?I wouldn‘t have believed it before I read the passage, but I believe it now!(c) Do you ever reflect on the mistakes you make in English?Yes, I do try to reflect on them because I know such reflection is a good way to improve my English.4 rise This word can mean an increase in number, amount or value, or the achievement of success or power.(a) Why was there a sharp rise in unemployment in the West in the 1930s?The sharp rise in unemployment was due to the stock market crash and the financial crisis.(b) What do you know about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire?I know that over several hundred years the Roman Empire expanded, but after a time it then declined over a long period. There‘s a famous book called The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire. (c) Do you live in a high-rise block of flats?I know that a lot of people in cities in China do live in large apartment blocks which have many floors, maybe 15 or 20 or more, but I live in a flat in a much smaller house of just three floors.(d) What are the different factors which give rise to new fashions?Fashion designers produce innovations and new styles. There are changes in the economic situation so that people may spend more or less on clothes; also new materials and colours become available,and people get different ideas about what to wear when they travel to other places or watch filmsand TV.6 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it‘s called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market – they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends.有时候，所谓的裙摆指标甚至能事先早早就预告股市的变化。
If you ask me1If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracke d up to be. Twelve yearsat school and threeyearsat univer sity, teache rs bangin g on aboutopport uniti es in the big wide worldbeyond our shelte red life as studen ts, and what do I find?2 Try as I mightto stay cheerf ul, all I ever get is hassle, someti mes with people (especi allyboys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expens ive out here! Everyo ne wantsa sliceoff you. The Inland Revenu e wantsto deduct income tax, the bank manage r wantsrepaym entson my studen t loan, the landlo rd wantsthe rent, gas, water, electr icity and my mobile billskeep coming in, and all that's before I've had anythi ng to eat. And then some bright sparkcallsme out of the blue, asking if I'm intere stedin buying a pensio n. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alonetill I'm 60.3 I didn't really want to go out to work just yet. I mean, I wasn't a dropou t and I knew I'd have to some day. Accord ing to any number of people "life's not a picnic", "there's no such thingas a free lunch". But giventhat I'd got a good degree, I though t I'd like to go on to get my master's. Actual ly, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Econom ics (LSE) . Top school, very good for my CV. But I talked to my mum aboutit, and she said she couldn't afford to suppor t me any more. I kind of unders tandit, and not just becaus e my degree is in econom ics. She'd worked hard for 15 yearsto give me an educat ion. My dad wasn't around most of the time, and when he was, he didn't have any money. He'd spentit gambli ng on the dogs or down the pub. So it came to the pointwhenI just agreed with Mum, and bowedmyself toward s the inevit able.4 If you ask me, and despit e everyt hingyou hear, fortun ately thereare some really nice people out there. Take Mike, for exampl e. When I left univer sity, what I though t was that my mum wouldfeel oblige d to look afterme if I return ed home. So I packed up my belong ingsand went to London to get a job. I wanted someth ing in financ e and invest ments, becaus e you know, maybewith a job like that, I coulduse my degree. But by that time, therewere no jobs left, and I didn't really want to end up in some boring office, doingphotoc opies and making the tea.5 Go anywhe re you like in London and there's usuall y a good pub. The day I realiz ed no one in the city was goingto offerme a job, I went into The Salisb ury on Leaden hallStreet for a drinkand someth ing to eat. Mike the landlo rd was at the bar, pourin g pintswith one hand, making sandwi cheswith the other, and washin g the glasse s all at the same time—it's true, he really did seem to have threehands. He also seemed to know everyo ne, and greete d the regula rs by name, gettin g theirdrinks readywith the questi on, "The usualtoday, is it?" I though t he looked kind of cool, he was doingwhat he did best, servin g thirst y client s, and no one did it better. So I went up to him and askedhim whethe r therewas a job for me.6 Well, to cut a long storyshort, I starte d work in the pub one Friday lunchtime. It was quitedemand ing work, but I likedit. People seemed to find me amusin g and it made me feel better too. Therewas one middle-aged regula r in a suit who always had a half of bitter and a ham and pickle sandwi ch, with the crusts cut off. When I saw Tony coming, I triedto have his lunchreadyfor him even before he asked. He was anothe r one of thosereally nice people.7 If you ask me, spendi ng moneywhen you don't have any is dead easy. I beganto thinkabouthow I'd spendmy firstmonth's wages. The flat whereI was stayin g was expens ive, and I just abouthad enough to coverthe firstmonth's substa ntial bills. But I calcul atedthat there'd be just enough moneyover to treatmyself to someth ing. Why not get a CD or maybea plantto cheerup the flat? I though t.8 It was my birthd ay on pay day. Apartfrom Mike and Tony, I didn't have any friend s in London. Seeing that I didn't have a boyfri end either, you can unders tandwhy I beganto feel sorryfor myself. So I ordere d myself some flower s, and askedthem to be sent with a little card, saying "With all my love Anon." The highli ght of my birthd ay wouldbe the confus ed look on the floris t's eyes when he delive red them.9 Laterthat week, Tony came in as usualand sat down at the bar. "What's wrongwith you? Where's that smilegone today?" I talked to him about... well, aboutpretty well everyt hing, money, the master's, my birthd ay, the lot. He sympat hized with me.10 Tony got up from his stool, and went over to talk to some of the others. Rememb er: The Salisb ury is rightin the heartof the city, so all the custom ers were in bankin g or insura nce or the stockmarket. Next day he turned up with cheque s to the valueof £20,000. "This is a loan for you to set up your busine ss. The only collat eralyou have is my trustin you that one day, you'll pay us back—if you can. And if you can't, too bad, that's the financ e busine ss for you. But I thinkyou will."11 I didn't say anythi ng for fear that I was goingto cry. What were the odds on anyone beingso nice?12 And the flower s? I redire ctedthem to my mum, and they arrive d for her on my birthd ay. She deserv ed them, don't you think?13 If you ask me, lookin g back afterall theseyears, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succee d. The fact that the rest is hard work doesn't matter, it's stillworthit.14 Aftera year workin g at The Salisb ury, I got a placeat the LSE, did my master's and founda job in an invest mentbank. I invest ed the £20,000, and sold out before the 2008 crash. I paid back Tony and the otherinvest ors, with ten per cent annual intere st, and set up my own firm. It exceed ed all my expect ation s and is stilla thrivi ng busine ss.15 Tony wroteme a thank-you note. He'd been in a car accide nt, and couldn't walk. The moneyI paid back wouldallowhim to adapthis houseso he couldmove around it in his wheelc hair. This is what he wrote:16 "Thirty-five yearsin bankin g, and I've nevermade a better invest mentthan the loan to you. You've repaid the moneywith intere st, and my trustin you and your honest y 100-fold. If you ask me, invest ing in people givesthe best return you can ever hope for."17 If you ask me, he's right. What do you think?依我看依我看，现实生活并没有人们想象的那么好。
Unit 6Text comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the autho r’s purpose of writing.A.II. Judge. according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F. Refer to Paragraphs 1.It is true that the flag the narrator hangs draws little attention in Paris, but the reason is not that Parisians or Frenchmen are not interested in flag-hanging in general. Rather, the Independence Day is an occasion special for Americans only and, understandably, the French show little interest in the day or the celebrating flag.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 2.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 3. The author’s children have had little chance of learning the history of the U.S. at school, and the parents as native Americans are the only ones who could have taught them about it. This, however, is not true of children in general in France.4. F. Refer to Paragraph 4. They do not conceal the dark side of the American society but try to keep their children from the follies of the American society like school shootings.5. T. Refer to Paragraph 9-11.6. F. Refer to Paragraph 12. Globalization is both beneficial and detrimental. It helps to blur the clear-cut divide between cultures on the one hand but makes children less than fully immersed in a foreign world on the other.III. Answer the following questions.1. For one thing, flag-hanging is the only thing he can do in Paris to celebrate the Independence Day, which is part of his national heritage. For another, he intends to use it as a special occasion for teaching his children about the American history and as a reminder of their native American identity.2. The children seldom mix languages up because they have acquired French through the school instructions and English through their family life withEnglish-speaking parents. And they seem to know when to use which.3. Refer to paragraphs 4-8. The benefits of raising children in a foreign culture, as the writer suggests, include acquiring a foreign language and culture and avoiding being exposed to the problems of the native culture.4. It is difficult, according to the author, to make the children understand and identify the virtues of their native culture without living in it. Family instructions are not satisfactorily effective and have to be complemented by other means such asre-entering into the native culture and taking children to historical places.5. Because he grew up in a foreign culture and he knows it is quite an issue to know how to raise children in a foreign culture without losing their native identity. He understands that the issue involves the efforts on the part of the parents.6. Globalization is like a double-edged sword to the growth of children in a foreign culture. On the one hand, it helps to reduce differences between the foreign culture and the native culture, and facilitates the physical and spiritual re-entry into the native culture. On the other hand, it unfortunately makes it more difficult than ever for children to be fully immersed in the foreign culture.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken form the text.1. July 4 is one of the times I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gaps in our children’s understanding of their American identity, and thus I am motivated to do something to fill the gaps.2. And living away from our native country does not matter much.3. When I lived in France as an expatriated child, the French kids were dressed in the unique French style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in other countries.4. Full immersion in a truly foreign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think this is a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in a foreign country.Structural analysis of the textThe author of this text follows a “specific-general” pattern in his discussion, i.e. he first talks about what it means to his children to hang the national flag of their native land in a foreign country on July 4th every year and then expresses his view on the importance for expatriated people in general to keep their cultural identity, especially when the whole world is undergoing a process of globalization. The specific points can be found in his discussion of the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture in Paragraphs 4-9 while the general conclusion can be found in paragraphs10-12, especially paragraph 12.Vocabulary exercisesI. Replace the underlined words in the sentences with appropriate forms of words chosen from the text.1. pursue2. resonates3. confronted4. clichés5. had suppressed6. has confirmedII. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. fluency2. enrollment3. accessible4. obtainable5. personification6.enlightened7.globalization8. promptingIII . Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text .1. took pride in2. was immersed in3. resonating with4. had…been exposed to5. in his mind’s eye6. a glimpse of7.convey…to8. turned …toIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. literature2. joined3. motionless4. more than5. quickly6. desiresGrammar exercisesI. Note the use of the words in italics.Where and when are relative adverbs, introducing relative clauses.II. Complete the following sentences, using where, when or why.1.why2. where3. when4. where5. where6.where7.why8. when III. Rewrite the following sentences, omitting either the antecedent or the relative adverb if possible.1.Sam knows where we are meeting.2./(The omission of the village may cause a loss of information since it carriesspecific message. If we omit where, then we need to insert in after born.)3.Four in the afternoon is the time he always reads./ Four in the afternoon is whenhe always reads.4./(Similar to Sentence 2)5.I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6.Why he resigned is still unknown.IV. Rank the following sentences according to their degree of formality.More formal—less formal:2 3 1V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.1. He failed in part because of his carelessness.Why exactly she hated him I don’t know, but I think it was in part because he had insulted her.2.There were times when I didn’t know what to do.Can you suggest a time when it will be convenient to meet?3.The beaten enemy had not other choice than to surrender.It’s none other than the manager himself.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets .1. The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2. I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale face of the mother when she heard the news of her son’s death.3. His walk reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4. I mixed the dates up and arrived on a wrong day.5. Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter was accepted by oxford University.6. Theoretically speaking, the whole population should have direct access to information without waiting for being filtered by the government or the media.7. The Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over in this presidential election.8. After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds of pleasure.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.美国人热情友好，不像许多外国人想象的那样浮于表面。
新世纪大学英语综合教程4第六单元答案Unit 6 Attitudes to LifeEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)commonplace2)enduring3)dim4)command5)imperfection6)intensive7)abandon8)finite9)dynamic10)weaving11)additional12)aspirations13)gratitude14)integrity15)faithful16)committed2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)live on2)dawned upon3)live by4)is invested with5)hold fast to6)All too7)step aside8)set out9)to and fro10)w ork at▆Increasing Your Word Power1. Study the following usage notes about the words in the box. They are all associated with the meaning of “change”.▆ Answers:1)change2)transform3)alter4)convert5)revise6)modify7)vary8)transcribe2. You will read three groups of words which are similar in meaning but different in usage. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary.▆ Answers:1)tour2)trip3)travelling4)journey5)select6)choose7)pick8)elect9)ordinary10)regular11)average12)normal3.Write out the corresponding verb forms of the following adjectives.▆Answers:1)add2)beautify3)contradict4)deafen5)differ6)intensify7)minimize8)oppose9)please10)p rosper11)r adiate12)r elent13)r espect14)s parkle15)w onder16)w itherGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Write hypothetical sentences based on the given facts.▆ Answers for reference:1)My mother would not be worried about me if she knew what my life was like.2)They would probably allow you to do the job if you were in better health.3)They wouldn’t work with such enthusiasm if they didn’t know what they were working for.4)I would have to look it up in the dictionary if I didn’t know the meaning of the word.5)She would understand what we say if she knew Chinese.6)I would be quite satisfied if you spoke with greater accuracy.Task 2: Make hypothetical sentences with the given words.▆ Answers for reference:1)If we knew where he was, we would try to get in touch with him.2)If it were not for the expense involved, we would go there by plane.3)If we were to miss the train, we would have to wait another four hours.4)If we pooled all our resources, we would have enough money to buy the equipment.5)If he didn’t have a strong love for the handicapped children, he wouldn’t be working so tirelesslyfor them.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1)wither2)sense3)faithful4)commit5)aspirations6)gratitude7)dawns8)accumulated9)nourishment10)preoccupied11)flowers12)tendered13)weave14)elevateTranslation1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)The ambassador to the U.N. was invested with full authority to deal with all the foreign affairs concerning hiscountry on behalf of his government.2)All the way on the train I had been preoccupied with the result of the term examination until the conductorreminded me of the arrival of my destination.3)Although her husband’s name did not appear on the list of the people who got killed in the traffic accident,she kept walking to and fro, anxious to see him back home sooner.4)I was setting out to translate the contract into English when it dawned upon me that both parties involvedwere Chinese companies.5)At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.6)With the great aspirations to become an astronaut, Jackson committed himself to the 2-year strenuousconstitution training.7)His paintings, drawing on timeless fairy stories, exemplified the Europeans’ taste of that period.8)The bus driver didn’t want to take any responsibility for the accident and so he took every means to put theblame on the passengers on board.9)He not only risked his own life to save the old man from the burning house but made some room in his ownhouse for him to settle down.10)From childhood, she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and gradually accumulated a set of standardsof conduct.2.Translate the following passage into English.▆ Answers for reference:What is truth? Truth is the correct reflection of people’s knowledge about the objective world and its laws. Truth makes people full of hope and life full of brilliance and glory. Therefore, many people regard the pursuit of truth as the ultimate goal of their lives. In human history, many people devoted their lives to the pursuit of truth and made outstanding contributions to mankind.Truth is both absolute and relative. We say that truth is absolute because truth can objectively reflect the essentials of things. However, any truth is but people’s correct understanding of the development of things at a certain stage. Therefore, truth is relative and develops constantly.Sometimes, the brilliance of truth may dim but it will never die out. For some people, truth may seem beyond their reach. In fact, it is close at hand. We can find truth as long as we keep pursuing it heart and soul. Theme-Related WritingWrite an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “Attitudes Towards Life”. Y our writing should cover the following points:1) different attitudes people hold towards life2) the benefits of holding a positive attitude3) ways to develop a positive attitude towards life▇Sample essay:Attitudes Towards LifePeople hold different attitudes towards life. Some take a positive attitude and they always appreciate the beauty of life with zeal and gratitude. Some take a negative attitude towards life and any slight trouble in life may seem like the end of the world to them.A positive attitude ensures a happy, successful and healthy life. With a positive attitude, people find it easy to accept challenges and overcome obstacles while maintaining peace of mind. Besides, a positive attitude boosts their self-esteem, lifts their morale and helps them fulfill their commitments both in their career and in their everyday life. Moreover, medical research shows that positive thinking can improve the immune system and strengthen the body’s resistance to diseases.There are several ways to develop a positive attitude towards life. One needs to think positively, read uplifting stories, hang around with optimistic people, give up jealousy, and participate in meaningful activities. By building a positive attitude towards life, one can enjoy a happy, successful and healthy life. (170 words)。
Key to book4 unit1-6Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt m y leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone‘s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I‘m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it‘s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn‘t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don‘t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn‘t much after they‘d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she‘ll get a good degree, but I wouldn‘t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here ―kind of‖ is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it‘s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it‘s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sent ences using try as … might .1 I‘m trying to fill this last page, but I just can‘t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can‘t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn‘t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn‘t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can‘t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can‘t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn‘t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn‘t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we‘re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it‘s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She‘s experienced at giving advice. I‘m more experienced.She‘s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I‘m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn‘t good fo r you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don‘t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn‘t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don‘t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn‘t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven‘t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy ―kissing and making up‖ after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it‘s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. I t‘s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, an d all that‘s before I‘ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I‘m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won‘t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I‘m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.1.Our office building luckily had a(n) auxi l i ar ypower supply to use when the electricitywent out.Your answer Correct answerauxiliary auxiliary2.There's not much of a(n) or i ent at i onfor the year's best movie, but there are a few goodones.Your answer Correct answerorientation selection3.Unfortunately, she's had a(n) degener at i oand her cancer has reappeared.Your answer Correct answerdegeneration relapse4. Soldiers in the military quickly learn that their superior officers are often not veryt ol er antof differing opinions.Your answer Correct answertolerant tolerant5.During wartime, there's usually a surge in nat i onal i smas people rally together tosupport a common cause.Your answer Correct answernationalism nationalism6.I've never had a friend quite so l oyalas my dog Rex.Your answer Correct answer loyal loyal7.Mr. Sanford, I love your daughter and I'd like to ask for your permission to pr oposetoher.Your answer Correct answerpropose propose8.We hired a company to come in and er adi cat ethe mice from our basement.Your answer Correct answer eradicate eradicate9.The teacher slowly lost control of her students and let the class r el apseinto achaos of voices.Your answer Correct answerrelapse degenerate 10. If you see anything suspicious, please report it immediately to one of theuni f or m edpolice officers.Your answer Correct answeruniformed uniformed11.I tend to live by the m ot t o"Work hard, play hard."Your answer Correct answer motto motto12.The law states that people younger than 21 cannot drink beer, wine, or l i quor.Your answer Correct answerliquor liquor13. sel ect i onof public opinion, increasing anddecreasing in popularity every day.Your answer Correct answerselection tyranny14.Last Saturday, we stood in line for an hour to get a cone from the ice cream vendor.Your answer Correct answer vendor vendor15.College students usually begin their first year with t yr annyactivities so they arefamiliar with their new environment.Your answer Correct answertyranny orientation16. H i st or i ansusually disagree about who they think the greatest world leader of all time is.Your answer Correct answerHistorians Historians17.If you'd like to di sput ethe charges, please call the phone number for complaints. Your answer Correct answerdispute dispute18.The r enownedphysicist earned even more recognition when he won the Nobel Prize.Your answer Correct answerrenowned renowned19.Do you have anyi nsi ghtinto why your employees are behaving so poorly? Your answer Correct answerinsight insight20. After ten long years of holding a grudge against him, I think it's finally time to makeam ends.amends amends Section B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Why did you interview for that job i nthe first place?Your answer Correct answer in in22.Oh my goodness, these photos date backto my college days.Your answer Correct answer back back23.After our dog destroyed the living room couch, we packed him upto obedienceschool.Your answer Correct answerup off24.As soon as five o'clock rolled around, Maria took of fand went home.Your answer Correct answer off off25.The book can be summed upin one word: boring.Your answer Correct answer up up26.Can you get me outof this assignment?Your answer Correct answer out out27.The researchers were onthe brink of a major discovery.on on28.My ankle is still sore, so I'm afraid I'm going to have to sit outthis game.Your answer Correct answer out out29.The spare bedroom doubles asmy home office.Your answer Correct answer as as30.The presidents talked about, am ongother things, the peace treaty between theircountries.Your answer Correct answeramong amongPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.It is truly (31)shabbythat people nowadays don't know nearly enough aboutancient civilizations. In the Western world, the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome gave rise to thepopular idea of (32)dem ocr acythat is central to many modern governments.Democratic governments sometimes are derided as a(n) (33)f al l acyin today'sworld—many people don't feel as if they truly have a meaningful voice. However, there were cities (particularly in Greece) where the democratic ideal was born and every citizen truly had a powerful voice.Remarkably, we know this is the case because many documents have survived. Historians canverify their (34)m i ghtby dating the paper, so we can (35)unhesi t at i ngl ydeclare that they are legitimate. Linguists are able to (36)deci pherthe ancientlanguages used in the documents, and we are therefore able to benefit from the wisdom inscribed onthose pages. In addition, researchers can use (37)ar chaeol ogyto uncover the physicalremains of ancient villages. We have discovered that homes were a uniform size and most people lived as relative equals.I find it truly (38)l am ent abl eto hear people say that there's nothing we can learnfrom history. Even if only a small (39)f r agm entof the wisdom of ancient Greecesurvived until today, we would be better off. Indeed, it is an amazing thing to realize that our(40)dest i nyas a people, our future, depends on our knowledge and understandingof our past.Your answer Correct answer(31) shabby lamentable(32) democracy democracy(33) fallacy fallacy(34) might authenticity(35) unhesitatingly unhesitatingly(36) decipher decipher(37) archaeology archaeology(38) lamentable offensive(39) fragment fragment(40) destiny destinyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Museums, as places of cultural significance, find their roots in the classical world. Ancient Greece and Rome constructed and valued "museums," though they were largely centers of philosophical thought, rather than repositories of valuable objects. Nevertheless, the ancient world still had public collections of objects which resembled the modern concept of a museum. Greek temples and Roman forums often displayed gold and silver offerings, sculptures, and paintings.During the 15th century, the modern concept of museums came into fashion in Europe. During the following few centuries, museums such as the Ashmolean Museum, the Vatican museums, the British Museum, and the Louvre were founded and opened. The first modern museums began as private collections of wealthy individuals who amassed extensive collections and then exhibited them for public viewing. The modern museum has been described as "a product of Renaissance humanism,eighteenth-century enlightenment, and nineteenth-century democracy." These first museums were, however, rarely accessible to the public beyond the upper classes.Until the 18th century, museums were chiefly concerned with collecting the beautiful and the curious, and this was often done for personal interests. During the 19th and 20th centuries, however, museums and cultural institutions proliferated throughout Europe and the United States. It was during this intense period of proliferation that the concept of the museum as something more than just a storehouse for invaluable treasures was developed. Museums began to dedicate themselves to collection, conservation, preservation, and research. Natural history, science, and art museums became scholarly centers of academic research and thought. Once museums and other cultural institutions became public, exhibition became a much more predominant concern. Preexisting museum goals (e.g., collection, conservation, and preservation) suddenly became the means to procure interesting and desirable exhibitions.Museums in the United States developed slowly. Charles Wilson Peale founded his natural history museum in the late 18th century in Philadelphia, and he is considered the first great American museum director. In 1846, James Smithson made a bequest to the United States "for the increase and diffusion ofknowledge" which led to the development of the Smithsonian Institution. The United States finally made its mark on the development of the modern museum in 1870 with the founding of the American Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. Throughout the 20th century, museums and other cultural institutions began to focus on education. American museums, especially, are devoted to public education in their specific areas of expertise. Many such organizations have also transformed themselves into cultural centers with performing arts, music, and film presentations.41. Which of the following museums was the first to open?A. Metropolitan Museum of Art.B. Smithsonian Institution.C. British Museum.D. Peale's Natural History Museum.42. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage NOT agree?A. Museums in the classical world were very similar to museums in the 19th century.B. The modern museum developed over several hundred years.C. Modern museums have many priorities other than collecting.D. The earliest museums were only accessible to the wealthy.43. According to this passage, the modern concept of museums dates back to _____.A. the classical worldB. the 15th centuryC. the 18th centuryD. the 20th century44. This passage is best described as _____.A. a first-person memoirB. a dramatic dialogueC. a persuasive essayD. a historical survey45. Modern museums tend to focus on all of the following EXCEPT _____.A. conservationB. philosophical thoughtC. preservationD. educationts, music, and film presentations.。
全新版大学英语综合教程 6课文翻译引言全新版大学英语综合教程作为大学英语综合教材的经典之一，在帮助学生提升英语综合能力方面发挥着重要作用。
本篇文档将对全新版大学英语综合教程第六单元的课文进行翻译，以帮助学生更好地理解和掌握课文内容。
课文翻译Unit 6 A Brave GirlPart 1 Warming UpText ALydia was a 14-year-old girl living with her family in a small village. One day, when she was walking through the village, she saw some children dressed in rags, sitting on the ground and begging. She was deeply moved by their miserable lives and decided to do something to help them.Lydia went home and shared her thoughts with her family. With their support, she started making dolls and selling them to raise money for the poor children. Each doll was carefully handmade with love. The dolls became very popular in thevillage and many people were touched by Lydia’s kindness and determination.As time went on, the number of dolls Lydia made increased. She recruited other volunteers to help her. The volunteers came from different backgrounds but all shared the same goal – to make a difference in the lives of those in need. The enthusiasm and ded ication of the volunteers made Lydia’s project more successful than she had ever imagined.The money raised from selling the dolls was used to provide food, clothing, and education for the poor children. The lives of these children gradually improved, and they began to have hope for a better future. Lydia’s project not only changed the lives of many children but also inspired kindness and compassion in the hearts of people around the village.Lydia’s efforts didn’t stop there. She continued to work hard and expand her project. Her goal was to reach out to as many children as possible, giving them the love and support they deserved. Lydia’s story touched many people, and her project received support and recognition from organizations and individuals both within and outside the village.Lydia’s brave actions and determination taught us that one person can make a difference. She showed us that even the smallest act of kindness can have a ripple effect and bring positive change to the lives of others. Inspired by her story, let us also take action and make a difference in the world.第六单元一个勇敢的女孩第一部分热身活动课文A莉迪亚是一个14岁的女孩，与家人住在一个小村庄里。
Key to book4 unit1-6Unit 1Active reading (2)8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in usetry as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just d oesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I t hink we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
大学体验英语四（综合教程）Unit 6Psychological HealthListen and TalkLead inAre you feeling really sad, tired, and worried most of the time? Are these feelings lasting more than a few days? If yes, you may have depression. Depression is a (S1) medical illness that (S2) the brain.You may want to know why you feel "depressed.”There may be (S3) causes. Depression may happen because of (S4) in your brain. Depression runs in some (S5) . This (S6) that someone in your family such as a grandparent, parent, aunt, uncle, cousin, sister or brother may have depression. Sometimes (S7) events or losses such as deaths can lead to depression. Sometimes the cause of depression is not clear.Don’t wait. Talk to your doctor about how you're feeling (S8) . If you don’t have a doctor, check your local phone book. (S9) . Call one near you and ask for help. (S10) . Ask your doctor which type is best for you. Some people need both treatments to feel better.Key:(S1) serious; (S2) involves; (S3) several; (S4) changes; (S5) families; (S6) means; (S7) painful; (S8) Get a medical checkup to rule out any other illnesses that might be causing signs of depression. (S9) Go to the government services pages and look for "health clinics” or "community health cente rs.” (S10) There are two common types of treatment for depression: medicine and "talk” therapy.Passage A: Is It Healthy to Be a Football Supporter?2. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1. Psychologists often describe die-hard fans as ______.A) those who suffer fewer bouts of depression than others.B) those who are considered to be disturbingly different from othersC) those who demonstrate a fierce and unbreakable bondD) those who never search for self-esteem by identifying with a team2. To the die-hard fans, a football match ______.A) is a fight to protect their city or countryB) is a light-hearted display of athletic prowessC) is the best way to gain respect from their rivalsD) is a good chance for them to show their enthusiasm for football3. Which of the following statements is WRONG about the die-hard fans?A) They tend to blame their team’s failures in a biased referee.B) They get more psychologically aroused at games.C) They are likely to abandon a team when it’s doing badly.D) They spend more money on tickets and merchandise.4. Why do some fans remain loyal through thick and thin despite the repeated failure of their teams?A) Because they are much more optimistic about their favorite teams.B) Because they tend to blame their team’s failures on bad luck.C) Because they have higher self-esteem than those uninterested in sports.D) Because they desire to belong to a group or a society.5. The author thinks that ______.A) being a die-hard football fan can be good for your healthB) football makes many families break downC) all human beings share the basic psychological need to belongD) die-hard fans suffer from a kind of psychological disease6. T he word "void”in the last sentence means _______.A) family bondB) psychological need to belongC) religious groupD) self-satisfaction7. We may conclude from the passage that the author’s attitude towards the football fans is ______.A) positiveB) negativeC) indifferentD) neutralAnswer: 1.B, 2.A, 3.C, 4.D, 5.C, 6.B, 7.A3 Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1. What kind of people do psychologists portray die-hard fans as?Lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team.2. Compared to people who never watch a football match, what does the study mentioned in Para.3 suggests about the football fans?They suffer fewer bouts of depression and alienation3. Why does the author say that the fans’ connection to a team is fickle?(Because they say) "We won" (when) describing (the team’s) victory, and "they lost" (when) describing (its) defeat.4. "Highly-identified” fans tend to blame their team’s failure on a biased referee or on bad luck,rather than _____________.on their team’s mistakes or the other team's skill.5. Is a deep attachment to a team healthy according to the passage?Yes in most cases.plete the summary of the text. The first letter of the missing word has been given to you.Die-hard football fans are often 1) p as lonely misfits, but a study has 2) r that football fans suffer fewer bouts of 3) d and alienation than people who never watch the 4) g . The research shows that through football matches, fans can win 5) a not for their own achievements, but through their 6) c to a team that wins. More surprising is that they have higher self-esteem than people 7) u in sports. Some ardent fans remain 8) l to their teams through thick and thin, and this can be explained by the desire to belong to a group or a society. All human beings 9) i football fans ?share the basic 10) p need of belonging.Anwser: 1.portrayed 2.revealed 3.depression 4.game 5.admiration6.connection7.uninterested8.loyal9.including 10.psychological5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.primitive attachment arouse achievement abandonsharp confrontation crucial intense soar1. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great ___ .2. Improved consumer confidence is ___ to an economic recovery.3. It is a ___ instinct to flee a place of danger.4. Later, some of his findings ___ much popular interest in his book.5. Psychologists believe that separation from the parents during the sensitive ___ period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and predispose it to emotional problems in later life.6. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead to a military ___ .7. The introduction of computerized information systems has ___ changed management control in many companies.8. Most of the students have already felt the pressure of ___ inflation.9. Dozens of homes have had to be ___ as the sea has crept farther and farther inland.10. The ___ study of German helps Mark know more about German culture and customs. Answer: 1. achievement 2. crucial 3. demonstrate 4. aroused 5. attachment6. confrontation7. sharply8. soaring9. abandoned 10. intense6. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.1. Go ahead with it, and we will stand by you ___ .2. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to ___ the school football team.3. The new evidence ___ my argument that they took advantage of the chance. .4. The garden has ___ our family for a long time.5. For 12 years, we've sought to ___ this ultimate threat of disaster.A nswer:1. through thick and thin 2. root for 3. backed up 4. belonged to 5. stave off7.The following games related words occur in this passage. Find 5 pairs of near synonyms and 2 pairs of near antonyms.conflict psychological clash mental depressionlight-harted feeling sad back up harmful self-worthintense support self-esteem helpfulSynonyms1 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.2 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.3 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.4 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.5 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________. Artonyms1 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.2 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________. Synonyms Antonyms1 conflict; clash 1 light-hearted; intense2 mental; psychological 2 helpful; harmful3 feeling sad; depression4 self-esteem; self-worth5 back up; support8. Translate the following sentences into English.1.她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期。
