历年考研英语真题完型新题型

Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution.They1that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the2man.But they insisted that its3results during the period from1750to1850were widespread poverty and misery for the4of the English population.5contrast,they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650to1750,when England was still a6agricultural country,a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view,7,is generally thought to be wrong.Specialists8history and economics,have 9two things:that the period from1650to1750was10by great poverty,and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.1.［A］admitted［B］believed［C］claimed［D］predicted2.［A］plain［B］average［C］mean［D］normal3.［A］momentary［B］prompt［C］instant［D］immediate4.［A］bulk［B］host［C］gross［D］magnitude5.［A］On［B］With［C］For［D］By6.［A］broadly［B］thoroughly［C］generally［D］completely7.［A］however［B］meanwhile［C］therefore［D］moreover8.［A］at［B］in［C］about［D］for9.［A］manifested［B］approved［C］shown［D］speculated10.［A］noted［B］impressed［C］labeled［D］markedIndustrial safety does not just panies1low accident rates plan their safety programs,work hard to organize them,and continue working to keep them2and active.When the work is well done,a3of accident free operations is established4time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.Successful safety programs may5greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program.Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding.Others stress safe work practices by6 rules or regulations.7others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker.But,there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program.From a financial standpoint alone, safety8.The fewer the injury9,the better the workman’s insurance rate.This may mean the difference between operating at10or at a loss.1.［A］at［B］in［C］on［D］with2.［A］alive［B］vivid［C］mobile［D］diverse3.［A］regulation［B］climate［C］circumstance［D］requirement4.［A］where［B］how［C］what［D］unless5.［A］alter［B］differ［C］shift［D］distinguish6.［A］constituting［B］aggravating［C］observing［D］justifying7.［A］Some［B］Many［C］Even［D］Still8.［A］comes off［B］turns up［C］pays off［D］holds up9.［A］claims［B］reports［C］declarations［D］proclamations10.［A］an advantage［B］a benefit［C］an interest［D］a profitIf a farmer wishes to succeed,he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production.He must store a large quantity of grain1consuming all his grain immediately.He can continue to support himself and his family2he produces a surplus.He must use this surplus in three ways:as seed for sowing,as an insurance3the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to4old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to5the soil.He may also need money to construct irrigation6and improve his farm in other ways.If no surplus is available,a farmer cannot be7.He must either sell some of his property or8extra funds in the form of loans.Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low9 of interest,but loans of this kind are not10obtainable.1.［A］other than［B］as well as［C］instead of［D］more than2.［A］only if［B］much as［C］long before［D］ever since3.［A］for［B］against［C］of［D］towards4.［A］replace［B］purchase［C］supplement［D］dispose5.［A］enhance［B］mix［C］feed［D］raise6.［A］vessels［B］routes［C］paths［D］channels7.［A］self-confident［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied［D］self-restrained8.［A］search［B］save［C］offer［D］seek9.［A］proportion［B］percentage［C］rate［D］ratio10.［A］genuinely［B］obviously［C］presumably［D］frequentlyThe government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases1the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant2of legal controls over the press,Lord Irvine,the Lord Chancellor,will introduce a3bill that will propose making payments to witnesses4and will strictly control the amount of5that can be given to a case6a trial begins.In a letter to Gerald Kaufman,chairman of the House of Commons media select committee,Lord Irvine said he7with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not8 sufficient control.9of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a10of media protest when he said the11of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges12to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill,which13the European Convention on Human Rights legally14in Britain,laid down that everybody was15to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands16our British judges,”he said.Witness payments became an17after West was sentenced to10life sentences in1995.Up to 19witnesses were18to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers.Concerns were raised19witnesses might be encouraged exaggerate their stories in court to20guilty verdicts.1.［A］as to［B］for instance［C］in particular［D］such as2.［A］tightening［B］intensifying［C］focusing［D］fastening3.［A］sketch［B］rough［C］preliminary［D］draft4.［A］illogical［B］illegal［C］improbable［D］improper5.［A］publicity［B］penalty［C］popularity［D］peculiarity6.［A］since［B］if［C］before［D］as7.［A］sided［B］shared［C］complied［D］agreed8.［A］present［B］offer［C］manifest［D］indicate9.［A］Release［B］Publication［C］Printing［D］Exposure10.［A］storm［B］rage［C］flare［D］flash11.［A］translation［B］interpretation［C］exhibition［D］demonstration12.［A］better than［B］other than［C］rather than［D］sooner than13.［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］turns14.［A］binding［B］convincing［C］restraining［D］sustaining15.［A］authorized［B］credited［C］entitled［D］qualified16.［A］with［B］to［C］from［D］by17.［A］impact［B］incident［C］inference［D］issue18.［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told19.［A］what［B］when［C］which［D］that20.［A］assure［B］confide［C］ensure［D］guarantee2002年考研英语完型真题Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the20th century and the diffusion of printing in the15th and16th centuries.Yet much had happened1.As was discussed before,it was not2the19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 3，following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the4of the periodical.It was during the same time that the communications revolution5up,beginning with transport,the railway,and leading6through the telegraph,the telephone,radio,and motion pictures7the 20th century world of the motor car and the air plane.Not everyone sees that Process in8.It is important to do so.It is generally recognized,9,that the introduction of the computer in the early20th century, 10by the invention of the integrated circuit during the1960s,radically changed the process,11 its impact on the media was not immediately12.As time went by,computers became smaller and more powerful,and they became“personal”too,as well as13,with display becoming sharper and storage14increasing.They were thought of,like people,15generations, with the distance between generations much16.It was within the computer age that the term“information society”began to be widely used to describe the17within which we now live.The communications revolution has18both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time,but there have been19 view about its economic,political,social and cultural implications.“Benefits”have been weighed 20“harmful”outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.1.［A］between［B］before［C］since［D］later2.［A］after［B］by［C］during［D］until3.［A］means［B］method［C］medium［D］measure4.［A］process［B］company［C］light［D］form5.［A］gathered［B］speeded［C］worked［D］picked6.［A］on［B］out［C］over［D］off7.［A］of［B］for［C］beyond［D］into8.［A］concept［B］dimension［C］effect［D］perspective9.［A］indeed［B］hence［C］however［D］therefore10.［A］brought［B］followed［C］stimulated［D］characterized11.［A］unless［B］since［C］lest［D］although12.［A］apparent［B］desirable［C］negative［D］plausible13.［A］institutional［B］universal［C］fundamental［D］instrumental14.［A］ability［B］capability［C］capacity［D］faculty15.［A］by means of［B］in terms of［C］with regard to［D］in line with16.［A］deeper［B］fewer［C］nearer［D］smaller17.［A］context［B］range［C］scope［D］territory18.［A］regarded［B］impressed［C］influenced［D］effected19.［A］competitive［B］controversial［C］distracting［D］irrational20.［A］above［B］upon［C］against［D］with2003年考研英语完型真题Teachers need to be aware of the emotional,intellectual,and physical changes that young adults experience.And they also need to give serious1to how they can best2such changes. Growing bodies need movement and3,but not just in ways that emphasize competition.4 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the5that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are6by others.However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be7to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,8，publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,9 student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs.A variety of small clubs can provide10 opportunities for leadership,as well as for practice in successful11dynamics.Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many shy students need the12of some kind of organization with a supportive adult13visible in the background.In these activities,it is important to remember that the young teens have14attention spans.A variety of activities should be organized15participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to16else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 17.This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.18they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by19for roles that are within their20and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.1.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice2.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance3.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure4.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because5.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance6.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed7.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise8.[A]in effect[B]as a result[C]for example[D]in a sense9.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]exchanging10.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple11.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation12.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security13.[A]particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely14.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short15.[A]if only[B]now that[C]so that[D]even if16.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something17.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone18.[A]On the contrary[B]On the average[C]On the whole[D]On the other hand19.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking20.[A]capability[B]responsibility[C]proficiency[D]efficiency2004年考研英语完型真题Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people)focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.Theories 1on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior2they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 3with others.Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 4to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,5as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,_6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes.The latter may commit crimes7 lack of adequate parental control.All theories,however,are tentative and are8to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly9juvenile crime rates.For example, changes in the economy that10to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.The resulting discontent may in12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also13changes these years.More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents;14，children are likely to have less supervision at home15was common in the traditional family16.This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates.Other17causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school,the increased18of drugs and alcohol,and the growing19of child abuse and child neglect.All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 20a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1.[A]acting[B]relying[C]centering[D]commenting2.[A]before[B]unless[C]until[D]because3.[A]interaction[B]assimilation[C]cooperation[D]consultation4.[A]return[B]reply[C]reference[D]response5.[A]or[B]but rather[C]but[D]or else6.[A]considering[B]ignoring[C]highlighting[D]discarding7.[A]on[B]in[C]for[D]with8.[A]immune[B]resistant[C]sensitive[D]subject9.[A]affect[B]reduce[C]chock[D]reflect10.[A]point[B]lead[C]come[D]amount11.[A]in general[B]on average[C]by contrast[D]at length12.[A]case[B]short[C]turn[D]essence13.[A]survived[B]noticed[C]undertaken[D]experienced14.[A]contrarily[B]consequently[C]similarly[D]simultaneously15.[A]than[B]that[C]which[D]as16.[A]system[B]structure[C]concept[D]heritage17.[A]assessable[B]identifiable[C]negligible[D]incredible18.[A]expense[B]restriction[C]allocation[D]availability19.[A]incidence[B]awareness[C]exposure[D]popularity20.[A]provided[B]since[C]although[D]supposing11。

考研英语完型填空-(三)(总分160,考试时间90分钟)Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishIn a family where the roles of women and men are not sharply separated, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this (1) leads to further sharing. In such a home, the (2) boy and girl learn to (3) the equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for (4) ina world characterized by cooperation (5) by the "battle of the sexes".(6) the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as (7) important and that has happened in some eases-we are badly off as before, only (8) reverse.It is time to (9) the role of the American family. We are getting tired of "Momism" but we don't want to (10) it for a "neo-Popism". What we need, rather, is (11) that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that experts on the family are (12) of the part men play and that they have decided that woman should not receive all the (13) -nor all the blame. We have almost (14) saying that a woman's place is in the home. We are beginning, (15) , to analyze men's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place (16) to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to (17) rules, because each family needs to work to its own ways for (18) its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy (19) , whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the (20) of equal rights and equal responsibilities is connected not only with a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.1. A. by turns B. in turn C. at length D. in fact2. A. raising B. developing C. growing D. shaping3. A. acquire B. accept C. respect D. accomplish4. A. position B. anticipation C. interaction D. participation5. A. other than B. in spite of C. as well as D. rather than6. A. If B. Although C. But D. Therefore7. A. less B. more C. very D. no8. A. of B. in C. with D. by9. A. revalue B. reassess C. reassume D. re-examine10. A. recommend B. replace C. exchange D. supplement11. A. experience B. recognition C. inclination D. knowledge12. A. tire B. aware C. sick D. sure13. A. task B. duty C. credit D. need14. A. turned down B. put forward C. given up D. died away15. A. though B. meanwhile C. moreover D. however16. A. relative B. inadequate C. irrelevant D. dedicated17. A. lay down B. get over C. carry on D. sum up18. A. analyzing B. dealing C. solving D. facing19. A. outcomes B. troubles C. consequences D. reasons20. A. theory B. ideal C. principle D. conceptNearly three-quarter of the Earth is covered with water. The (1) of the continents, especially in the temperate zones, is very much (2) by the oceans around them. The areas (3) the sea have a " (4) climate", with rather cool summers and warm winters. The interiors, far from the sea, have a climate with extremely hot summers and cold winters.**es from the evaporation of rivers, seas and lakes. (5) after heavy rain, the pavements in a city do not take (6) to dry because the rainwater evaporates into the air. On a warm dry day it evaporates very rapidly, as warm air can absorb more (7) than cold air. (8) at any particular temperature, the atmosphere can hold only a certain (9) amount of water vapor. The air is then saturated, (10) a sponge that cannot hold any more water. The lower the temperature, the (11) water vapour is required to saturate the air.All over the surface of the Earth, millions of tons of water are evaporating every second, (12) in the air into drops so small that it (13) thousands of them to make a single raindrop. It is these (14) droplets that make clouds. When clouds roll in from the sea over the warmer land, they are forced to (15) and become cooler in the colder upper atmosphere. As the air (16) it may pass through its (17) point and then some of its water vapor turns to rain. Day in, day out, the (18) water circulates between the air and the land: rivers evaporate to make clouds, clouds make rain, rain makes rivers which (19) run into the sea. This is called the rain (20) .21. A. temperature B. shape C. feature D. climate22. A. effected B. threatened C. circled D. affected23. A. under B. far from C. close to D. above24. A. marine B. tough C. continental D. variable25. A. Only B. Just C. Even D. Namely26. A. time B. long C. form D. cold27. A. rainwater B. gas C. steam D. moisture28. A. Therefore B. While C. But D. So29. A. limited B. maximum C. minimum D. reasonable30. A. because B. for C. like D. since31. A. more B. less C. fewer D. greater32. A. compressing B. flowing C. condensing D. heating33. A. needs B. takes C. requires D. contains34. A. saturated B. individual C. tiny D. circulating35. A. move B. drop C. drift D. rise36. A. cools down B. freezes C. warms up D. spreads37. A. saturation B. cooling C. boiling D. melting38. A. running B. vaporized C. rainy D. same39. A. in turn B. at times C. by accident D. in consequence40. A. evaporation B. phenomenon C. system D. cycle。

2020年考研英一完型答案1.【答案】C On【解析】此处考察介词词义辨析。

On a cold winter's day意思是在一个寒冷冬日。

介词on后加具体的某一天;in后加一段时间，例如in winter，in2002;toward表方向，不与时间搭配;till意思是直到，例如till tomorrow，till next week，与句意不符。

故正确答案为on。

2.【答案】A match【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析。

文章的首段首句提到：即使家庭成员不太可能经常坐下来一起吃饭，但数百万英国人将在这个周末参加这个国家最伟大的传统活动之一：星期日烤肉。

On a cold winter's day,few culinary pleasures can__2__it.在一个寒冷的冬日，很少有什么乐趣与之匹配。

match匹配。

express表达。

satisfy 满足，满意;确信;符合。

influence影响。

3.【答案】B enjoyment【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。

上文说到星期日烤肉是一项开心的活动。

后文Yet进行语义转折：然而正如现在报道的那样，食品卫生部门认为这种3会导致另一种有罪的快乐4损害我们的健康。

enjoyment乐趣与上文pleasures和下文another pleasures互为关联信息。

patience耐心，耐性。

surprise惊喜。

concern 关心。

4.【答案】D guaranteed【解析】此处考察非谓语动词做后置定语的用法。

空格所在句指出：这种快乐会导致另一种有罪的快乐4损害我们的健康。

guaranteed有保证的，一定的，填入空格处意为：这种快乐会导致另一种有罪的快乐，肯定会损害我们的健康。

intensified增强，加剧;privileged享有特权，专用，特许;compelled强迫。

5.【答案】A issued【解析】此处考察词义辨析。

The Food Standards Authority(FSA)has__5__apublic warning...食品标准管理局一项公开的警告...issued发表，发布，发出;received接收，接到;ignored忽视，忽略;canceled取消。

考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷24(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases【B1】the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant【B2】of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a【B3】bill that will propose making payments to witnesses【B4】and will strictly control the amount of【B5】that can be given to a case【B6】a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee. Lord Irvine said he【B7】with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not【B8】sufficient control. 【B9】of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a【B10】of media protest when he said the【B11】of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges【B12】to Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which【B13】the European Convention on Human Rights legally【B14】in Britain, laid down that everybody was【B15】to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe hands【B16】our British judges”, he said. Witness payments became an【B17】after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were【B18】to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised【B19】witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to【B20】guilty verdicts.1．【B1】A．as toB．for instanceC．in particularD．such as正确答案：D解析：本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。

2020年考研英语(一)真题~完型答案2020年考研英语(一)真题~完型答案答案：CBBDC AABAB ACDDC DABCD解析：本篇完型填空来自2020年考研英语真题，共有20个空格需要填写。

本篇完形填空相对较难，需要对词汇和语法有一定的掌握。

1. C 考查逻辑推理能力。

根据上下文可知，本空填入的是一个表示对比的词。

由于第一空为"even though"，所以本空填入的是与其相对应的表示对比的词。

"Even though"表明了繁忙的工作，说明B.。

2. B 考查逻辑推理能力。

空前一句提到会议的参与人员包括外籍学者和中国专家，但是大家在讨论问题时，却遇到了困难。

因此可以推测中国专家的英语水平不太好，所以需要将问题尽量简化。

因此填入B.。

3. B 考查逻辑推理能力。

上文讲到的是需要尽量简化问题，这里提到选择题。

选择题可以简化问题，因为答案是固定的，而不需要进行其他的复杂思维。

因此填入B.。

4. D 考查词汇理解能力。

此空类似于前置判断题，根据上下文可以推测此空应该是填名词。

根据前文的"The only"可以推断此空应该是"option"。

因此填入D.。

5. C 考查逻辑推理能力。

上文提到，在发展新技术的时候存在两种观点。

空前提到部分外籍学者对于只有一种成熟技术取得重大成果这一观点毫不犹豫地进行了驳斥。

那么根据常识可知，驳斥一种观点意味着支持了另外一种观点。

因此填入C.。

6. A 考查逻辑推理能力。

根据上文，我们可以推断出此处所填的选项应该是一个表示判断的动词。

上文提到一位学者(Lu Xun)讲到了此种观点，这时另外一位学者作了一个判断，因此选项填入A.。

7. A 考查逻辑推理能力。

观点表示可以用动词来表达，这时需要选择一个动词。

动词中值得注意的是形式，根据常识可知，当一个人给出观点的时候，往往会邀请其他人给出看法，这时填入“invited”。

为⼤家整理的2014年考研英语⼀完型真题及答案，供⼤家参考。

2014年考研英语⼀完型真题及答案 As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember where we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain fades, we euphemistically refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." While seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a damaging impact on our professional, social, and personal wellbeing. It happens to most of us, but is it inevitable? Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It turns that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions. Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to excel in making the neural connections that drive intelligence is inherited. However, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental effort. Now, a new San Francisco Web-based company has taken it a step further and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Called Lumosity, it was designed by some of the leading experts in neuroscience and cognitive psychology from Stanford University. Lumosity, is far more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That's because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing--much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1where 2fades 3 while4 damaging5wellbeing 6 turns7 wordkouts8 functions9 process10excel 11 However12according to 13 further14sharpness 15allows 16track 17 on18 constantly19build 20effective ⼀近中年，很多⼈会注意到他们的记忆⼒和思维清晰度不再像从前那样了。

考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷36(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting【C1】______workers’ productivity. Instead, the studies ended【C2】______giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very【C3】______of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior. The idea arose because of the【C4】______behavior of the women in the plant. According to 【C5】______of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not【C6】______what was done in the experiment;【C7】______something was changed, productivity rose. A(n)【C8】______that they were being experimented upon seemed to be【C9】______to alter workers’ behavior【C10】______itself. After several decades, the same data were【C11】______to econometric analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise in store.【C12】______the descriptions on record, no systematic【C13】______was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to【C14】______interpretations of what happened.【C15】______, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output【C16】______rose compared with the previous Saturday and【C17】______to rise for the next couple of days. 【C18】______, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers【C19】______to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before【C20】______a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect” is hard to pin down.1．【C1】A．affectedB．achievedC．extractedD．restored正确答案：A解析：考查动词辨析。

一. 完型填空1--5 BABDC 6--10 BDBAB 11--15 ACCDA 16--20 CACDD二. 阅读答案21--25 DBACD 26--30 CDADA 31--35 ABBDC 36--40 CDBCA三. 新题型答案41. C 42. D 43. A 44. F 45. G四. 翻译参考译文46. 在物理学上，一种方法(物理学上的一种方法)把这种统一性的冲动发挥到了极点，并努力寻找一种万能的理论，即唯一的一条为我们都明白的一切东西所创造或生成的公式/方法。

47. 在这里，达尔文的理论似乎提供了一个理由或依据，因为如果所有的人类都有共同的起源，那么文化多样性也能够追溯到更多可控的起源，持这样的观点似乎是有道理的。

48. 从我们的共性中过滤出独特性能够让我们理解复杂的文化行为是怎样出现的，以及用进化或认知的概念来说，是什么在引导这种文化行为。

49．由约华格林伯根提出的第二个观点，采取了一个更为经验主义的普遍性方法，识别出了许多语言所共有的特征(特别是词序方面)，这些特征被认为是代表了由认知限制所造成的偏见。

50. 乔姆斯基的语法应该说明了语言变化的模式，这些模式和语言这个家族或通过这个家族所追溯的这个路径是无关的，而格林伯根的普遍性预测了某些特定词序关系之间紧密的相互依赖性。

五. 作文参考范文51. 小作文参考范文(参见作文冲刺班课程授课内容和讲义第24页写法)Dear my friends,I am writing this letter to welcome you to our university on behalf of our Students’ Union. I expect you to arrive here with increasing joy as well as excitement. It is of great pleasure to anticipate your coming soon.As foreign students, you will find everything on our campus quite different, fresh and alien. Therefore, after arriving, you can take full advantage of every opportunity to communicate with us directly to bridge the gap. To be more specific, the climate in Beijing is considerably different from your hometown, but you will soon get accustomed to living here. Finally, I hope to accompany you and introduce some special or unique campus characteristics and cultures so as to let you be better acquainted with/understand our campus life.We shall strive to make your stay or visit as pleasant as possible by providing the best service as well as support for you. All of our students are looking forward to your early coming eagerly.Yours sincerely,Li Ming52. 大作文 Sample WritingAs is apparently drawn in this miniature, in the middle stand two individuals, one feeling gloomy while the other optimistic. The Chinese characters above inform our readers of the message that various folks take different attitudes toward the same event. （参见黄涛冲刺班作文讲义第8页第一段首句必杀句型）How impressive this drawing seems to be in depicting one of the most prevalent themes that attitudes make everything in our life.After careful reflection and mediation, we examinees come to understand the enlightening drawing. I contend that this thought-provoking image conveys one profound layer of implication concerning attitude or optimism. It is universally acknowledged that life is by no means perfect and whether we feel optimistic or not depends on what attitudes we take. (参见黄涛冲刺班讲义第3页作文经典句型必备)When confronted with an adverse situation, some youths feel in low spirits and fall into depression. Others, on the contrary, look at the positive side of the situation and remain cheerful. As a consequence, it is our attitude rather than the situation itself that determines how we feel. (参见启航冲刺讲义第13页第30个段落正反论证法)In my personal sense, the message applies to our youths especially. In such a rat-race society, everyone is bound to encounter hardships and difficulties. In this sense, I should keep an optimistic attitude to pullthrough any hardship. Just as a famous figure puts it, it is our attitude that has changed everything in our life. （参见作文冲刺讲义第7页作文九大高分句式之引用名人名言）更多经典高分句型可以参考40页的黄涛作文冲刺资料，按照自己喜欢的背诵的高分句子来造就自己的高分作文。

硕士研究生考研英语完型填空题及答案(2024) 2024年考研英语完型填空试题和答案A recent parliamentary report blames the government and the food industry for the growth in obesity. The Department of Transport is blamed for not doing enough to__1__facilities for pedestrians and cyclists while__2__ to pressure from motoring organizations representing car users. The Ministry of Education is__3__of selling off school playing fields and not doing enough to__4__adequate facilities for physical education and games. Young people in Britain have bee crazy about football(soccer and rugby)，but too often as__5__“couch potatoes”。

The food industry is blamed for promoting junk food to school children and not doing enough to__6__down on sugar，fats and salt in prepared foods. The industry，__7__by the current popularity of the Atkins low-carbohydrate diet，has begun to __8__，but it is trying to protect a huge market and will need to do__9__more if it is to__10__off increased regulation.Japan seems less__11__so far by the problem of obesity，__12__ as the Japanese diet bees increasingly__13__(burgers and doughnuts)the problem will grow. __14__，Japanese cuisine has bee highly popular in Britain. It is seen as healthy in a different wayfrom the Mediterranean diet__15__its emphasis on tomatoes and olive oil bined with red wine.A fairly small amount of red wine is now__16__as beneficial to the heart，__17__its other encouraging properties. But Britain has to do more to__18__the problems of alcoholism__19__with the binge-drinking culture—including violence and vandalism. Limited consumption of alcohol，as long as it is not__20__with driving，is harmless and possibly beneficial.1. [A] stimulate [B] mend [C] promote [D] elevate2. [A] submitting [B] subjecting [C] subordinating [D] surrendering3. [A] charged [B] denounced [C] scolded [D] accused4. [A] assure [B] ensure [C] secure [D] guard5. [A] speculating [B] spectating [C] specializing [D] sightseeing6. [A] fall [B] get [C] cut [D] bring7. [A] stung [B] bitten [C] chewed [D] licked8. [A] retort [B] refute [C] respond [D] resolve9. [A] abundantly [B] considerably [C] extensively [D] principally10. [A] defend [B] beat [C] hold [D] ward11. [A] upset [B] affected [C] effected [D] impressed12. [A] or [B] for [C] but [D] if13. [A] popularized [B] globalized [C] westernized [D] localized14. [A] Accordingly[B] Interestingly [C] Surprisingly [D] Strikingly15. [A] as [B] on [C] but [D] with16. [A] accepted [B] approved [C] assumed [D] acknowledged17. [A] but for [B] let alone [C] regardless of [D] much less18. [A] cope [B] challenge [C] tackle [D] undertake19. [A] matched [B] related [C] united [D] associated20. [A] bonded [B] bined [C] merged [D] incorporated答案1.C2.A3.D4.B5.B6.C7.A8.C9.B 10.D11.B 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.A 17. B 18.C 19.D 20.B2024年考研英语完型填空全文对照法解题在做完试题之后一定要将全文快速诵读一遍，这花不了多长的时间，因为我们前面已经将它仔细地看了一遍。

考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.【B1】______, when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it【B2】______. As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing【B3】______on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of【B4】______the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to【B5】______my goals. I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate【B6】______of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight【B7】______altering your training program. The most【B8】______changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost. For these【B9】______, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 【B10】______. Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to【B11】______my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 【B12】______any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to【B13】______my training program. I use my bimonthly weight-in【B14】______to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly【B15】______and dropping weight, this is a【B16】______that I need to increase my daily caloric intake. The【B17】______to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 【B18】______morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals,【B19】______I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale. Rather than【B20】______over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1．【B1】A．ThereforeB．OtherwiseC．HoweverD．Besides正确答案：C解析：首段提出文章中心：定期称重是一种了解体重波动的好方法。

考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷10(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is【B1】______1 a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has【B2】______ The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted【B3】______1, 932 unique subjects which【B4】______pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both【B5】______ While 1 % may seem【B6】______, it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says,”Most people do not even【B7】______their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 【B8】______our kin.”The study【B9】______found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now. 【B10】______, as the team suggests,it draws us to similar environments but there is more【B11】______it. There could be many mechanisms working together that【B12】______us in choosing genetically similar friends【B13】______”functional kinship” of being friends with【B14】______! One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 【B15】______than other genes. Studying this could help【B16】______why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major【B17】______factor. The findings do not simply explain people’s【B18】______to befriend those of similar【B19】______backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to【B20】______that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1．【B1】A．whenB．whyC．howD．what正确答案：D解析：本题考查特殊疑问词用法。

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）完型部分Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male.It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women,but also a matchmaker.A young man can2a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to3the marriage negotiations.or the young man's parents may make the choice of a spouse,giving the child little to say in theselection.4,a girl may veto the spouse her parents havechosen.5a spouse has been selected,each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair.Formerly it lasted three days7by the1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half.Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and8prayers of blessing.Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,9cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists,and10a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the11.Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may12with them up to a year,13they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to14,but not common.Divorced persons are15with some disapproval.Each spouse retains16property he or she17into the marriage,and jointly-acquired propertyis18equally.Divorced persons may remarry,but a genderprejudice19up.The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry20the woman must wait the months.1.[A]by way of[B]as well as[C]on behalf of[D]with regard to【答案】B【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，"择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友"显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as表示并列关系。

考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷11(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have【C1】______that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually【C2】______. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. 【C3】______, among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an【C4】______of good health. Of even greater【C5】______is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined【C6】______body mass index, or BMI. BMI【C7】______body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, 【C8】______, can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem【C9】______, they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 【C10】______others with a low BMI may be in poor【C11】______. For example, many collegiate and professional football players 【C12】______as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a【C13】______BMI. Today we have a(an) 【C14】______to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes【C15】______in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes【C16】______with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. 【C17】______very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools. Negative attitudes toward obesity, 【C18】______in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity【C19】______My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign【C20】______childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1．【C1】A．deniedB．concludedC．doubtedD．ensured正确答案：B2．【C2】A．protective B．dangerous C．sufficient D．troublesome正确答案：A3．【C3】A．Instead B．However C．Likewise D．Therefore 正确答案：C4．【C4】A．indicator B．objective C．origin D．example正确答案：A5．【C5】A．impact B．relevance C．assistance D．concern正确答案：D6．【C6】A．in terms of B．in case of C．in favor of D．in respect of 正确答案：A7．【C7】A．measures B．determinesC．equals D．modifies正确答案：C8．【C8】A．in essence B．in contrast C．in turnD．in part正确答案：C9．【C9】A．complicated B．conservative C．variable D．straightforward正确答案：D10．【C10】A．soB．while C．since D．unless正确答案：B11．【C11】A．shape B．spirit C．balance D．taste正确答案：A12．【C12】A．start B．qualify C．retire D．stay正确答案：B13．【C13】A．strange B．changeable C．normal D．constant正确答案：C14．【C14】A．option B．reason C．opportunity D．tendency正确答案：D15．【C15】A．employed B．pictured C．imitated D．monitored 正确答案：B16．【C16】A．compared B．combined C．settled D．associated 正确答案：D17．【C17】A．Even B．Still C．Yet D．Only正确答案：A18．【C18】A．despised B．correctedC．ignored D．grounded正确答案：D19．【C19】A．discussions B．businesses C．policies D．studies正确答案：C20．【C20】A．for B．against C．with D．without正确答案：B。

考研英语一二真题电子版题型分类阅读翻译完型写作新题型真题p完形填空(共10分，每空1分)根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble?One day, two ______ were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large basket of pears. They thought the woman looked very ______. They went up to her and said, “Are you going to town? If you are, we will help carry your basket.”“Thank you,” ______ the woman, “you are very kind. You see I’m weak and ill.” Then she told them that she was now going to market to ______ the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden.“We are all going to the ______.” said the boys. “Let us have the basket.” And they took hold of it, one each side. They walked ______ with the heavy basket, but happily.The other day, I saw a little girl stop and ______a piece of orangepeel (皮), which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶), “I wish ______ would throw that on the sidewalk,” said she. “Someone may step on it and fall.”Perhaps some may say that these are not ______ things. That is right. But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart. We must not wait for the ______ to do great things. We must begin with little things of love.1. A. boys B. girls C. men D. women2. A. bored B. tired C. pleased D. surprised3. A. asked B. told C. replied D. spoke4. A. bring B. buy C. take D. sell5. A. town B. market C. garden D. school6. A. weakly B. quickly C. slowly D. quietly7. A. take out B. cut off C. put down D. pick up8. A. nobody B. everybody C. somebody D. anybody9. A. little B. good C. great D. bad10. A. pay B. time C. advice D. love。

历年英语一新题型类型英语一历年新题型统计是7选5填空、5选5排序、5选5排序。

7选5填空:是一种特殊的完型填空，把一篇文章的5个地方挖空，要求根据文章内容从给出的7段文字中选出正确的填到空白处，使语义对应，上下流畅。

5选5排序:将一篇文章原有顺序打乱，分为7-8个部分，要求考生根据文章内容将所列段落重新排序，其中有2-3段的位置已经给出，填剩下5个。

5选5排序:一篇文章给出6-7个概括句或小标题，这些文字或标题分别对应文中某一部分，要求考生从中选出5个标题填入文章空白处。

考研英语一新题型做题步骤(1)通读全文。

完成此类题型的第一步就是通读全文。

考生在第一次阅读的时候无需过于关注文章的细枝末节，只要迅速浏览一下，争取对文章有个大概了解。

(2)细读选项。

今年我们13年的考研英语一考察的就是七选五。

因此，每个选项都不能忽视。

考生应该注意比较各个选项尤其是相似选项的异同之处。

必要的时候，考生可以根据自己的理解在重点处做出标记。

(3)再阅读。

这里所说的再阅读指的是对文章的第二次阅读，并在这次阅读的过程中结合文章和选项做出答案。

考生可以根据头脑中对文章和选项的初步了解和自己的笔记，给要填充的文章部分和选项的关系作出一个假定的模式，将选项按这一模式放回到文章中。

(4)因为各个分论点之间大多是并列关系，这时候就可以锁定某一个具体的分论点，着重阅读与此分论点相关的解释和说明。

既然选项内容是用来证明或者阐释分论点的，那么它与文章中已经给出的解释和说明部分在内容上和意义上应该具有很大的一致性，考生可以凭此确定答案选项。

(5)检查修正。

不管时间充裕与否，考生都应该在做出答案后抓紧时间检查一遍。

也就是对全文进行第三次阅读。

考生可以将注意力放在选项和与选项相关的内容部分，检查二者是否搭配得当。

英语二完型2020Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 , particularly since children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2 , a younger sibling.3 , there’s another sort of parent that’s a bit easier to4 : a patient parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still,5 every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy6 . Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and are unable to maintain a7 and composed style with their kids. I understand this.You’re only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And then the9 happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say something that was a bit too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could 11 the clock and start over. We’ve all been there.12 , even though it’s common, it’s important to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also 14 your child’s self-esteem.If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids, then you are inadvertently modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most important of all life’s skills.Certainly, it’s incredibly 18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A more practical goal is to try, to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward this goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.1. [A] pleasant [B] tedious [C] tricky [D] instructive2. [A] for example [B] in addition [C] at once [D] by accident3. [A] Eventually [B] Occasionally [C] Accordingly [D] Fortunately4. [A] amuse [B] describe [C] assist [D] train5. [A] once [B] because [C] unless [D] while6. [A] task [B] answer [C] choice [D] access7. [A] formal [B] tolerant [C] rigid [D] critical8. [A] move [B] push [C] drag [D] send9. [A] mysterious [B] illogical [C] inevitable [D] suspicious10. [A] boring [B] harsh [C] naive [D] vague11. [A] take apart [B] turn back [C] set aside [D] cover up12. [A] Overall [B] Instead [C] Otherwise [D] However13. [A] believe [B] miss [C] regret [D] like14. [A] affect [B] raise [C] justify [D] reflect15. [A] bond [B] time [C] cool [D] race16. [A] nature [B] secret [C] context [D] importance17. [A] cheated [B] defeated [C] confronted [D] confused18. [A] hard [B] terrible [C] strange [D] wrong19. [A] exciting [B] changing [C] surprising [D] trying20. [A] emerge [B] hide [C] withdraw [D] escape2019Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significantc h a n g e s i n y o u r w e i g h t7a l t e r i n g y o u r t r a i n i n g p r o g r a m.T h e m o s t8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. [A] Therefore[B] However[C] Otherwise[D] Besides2. [A] cares[B] warns[C] helps[D] reduces3. [A] initially[B] occasionally[C] formally[D] solely4. [A] recording[B] explaining[C] accepting[D] lowering5. [A] set[B] reach[C] review[D] modify6. [A] definition[B] distribution[C] prediction[D] depiction7. [A] regardless of[B] aside from[C] due to[D] along with8. [A] rigid[B] immediate[C] precise[D] orderly9. [A] reasons[B] judgments[C] methods[D] claims10. [A] though[B] again[C] instead[D] indeed11. [A] report[B] overlook[C] conceal[D] track12. [A] approve of[B] account for[C] hold onto[D] depend on13. [A] adjust[B] share[C] confirm[D] prepare14. [A] features[B] rules[C] results[D] tests15. [A] hungry[B] anxious[C] sick[D] bored16. [A] secret[B] sign[C] belief[D] principle17. [A] decision[B] necessity[C] wish[D] request18. [A] surprising[B] restricting[C] disappointing[D] consuming19. [A] if[B] unless[C] until[D] because20. [A] dominating[B] puzzling[C] obsessing[D] triumphing2018Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one. Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity." Hsee says. In other words, don't read online comments.1. A. resolve B. protect C. discuss D. ignore2. A. refuse B. wait C. seek D. regret3. A. rise B. last C. mislead D. hurt4. A. alert B. tie C. expose D. treat5. A. message B. trial C. review D. concept6. A. remove B. weaken C. deliver D. interrupt7. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. When8. A. happen B. continue C. disappear D. change9. A. rather than B. such as C. regardless of D. owing to10. A. disagreeB. forgive C. forget D. discover11. A. pay B. marriage C. food D. schooling12. A. begin with B. rest on C. learn from D. lead to13.A. withdrawal B. inquiry C. persistence D. diligence14.A. self-destructive B. self-reliant C. self-evident D. self-deceptive15.A. resist B. define C. replace D. trace16.A. predict B. overlook C. design D. conceal17. A. remember B. choose C. promise D. pretend18. A. relief B. plan C. outcome D. duty19.A. whether B. why C. where D. how20. A. limitations B. investments C. strategies D. consequences2016Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take great risks. And a new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future.The researchers wanted to know of the 4and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8 . But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various 10that might make firms more likely to invest--- like size, industry and sales--- and for indicators that a place was 11to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally 12even after according for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was 15stronger in places where happiness was spread more equally. Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness in equality.17 this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19how executives think about the future. “it surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward thinking and creative and 20R&D more than the average” said one researcher.1.[A] where[B] how[C] why[D] when2. [A] In return[B] In particular[C] In contrast[D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient[B] famous[C] perfect[D] necessary4. [A] individualism[B] realism[C] optimism[D] modernism5. [A] echo[B] miss[C] spoil[D] change6. [A] imagined[B] assumed[C] measured[D] invented7. [A] Sure[B] Odd[C] Unfortunate[D] Often8. [A] headquartered[B] advertised[C] overtaxed[D] divided9. [A] overstate[B] summarize[C] explain[D] emphasize10. [A] factors[B] stages[C] levels[D] methods11. [A] desirable[B] reliable[C] sociable[D] reputable12. [A] resumed[B] held[C] emerged[D] broke13. [A] assign[B] attribute[C] transfer[D] compare14. [A] serious[B] experienced[C] ambitious[D] civilized15. [A]thus[B] instead[C] also[D] never16. [A] rapidly[B] directly[C] regularly[D] equally17. [A] While[B] Since[C] After[D] Until18. [A] arrives [B] jumps[C] hints[D] strikes19. [A] share[B] simplify[C] rediscover[D]shape20. [A]pray for [B]give away[C] send out[D]lean toward2015In our contemporary culture，the prospect of communicating with-or even looking at-a stranger is virtually unbearable Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to their phones，even without a 1 undergroundIt’s a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings-because there’s 2 to be gained from talking to the strange r standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it， 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 ：Please don’t approach me.What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach We fear rejection，or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as creep, We fear we’ll be 7 We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently 8 to us，so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. Phones become our security blanket，Wortmann says. They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .But once we rip off the band-aid，tuck our smart phones in our pockets and look up，it doesn’t 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment，behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . When Dr.Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own, the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, not a single person reported having been snubbed.18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It‘s that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C]signal [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C]another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C]plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C]notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterpreted [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C]In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rareThinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _ 14 ___ to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_ very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, ___18___ in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity ___19___. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign__20___ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1. [A] denied[B] concluded[C] doubled [D] ensured2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3. [A] Instead[B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4. [A] indicator[B] objective [C] origin [D] example5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance[D] concern6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of[C] in favor of [D] in of7. [A] measures[B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8. [A] in essence[B] in contrast[C] in turn [D] in part9. [A] complicated[B] conservative[C] variable [D] straightforward10. [A] so [B] while [C] since [D] unless11. [A] shape[B] spirit [C] balance[D] taste12. [A] start[B] qualify [C] retire [D] stay13. [A] strange[B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity[D] tendency15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16. [A] compared[B] combined [C] settled[D] associated17. [A] Even[B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19. [A] discussions [B] businesses[C] policies[D] studies20. [A] for [B] against [C] with[D] withoutGiven the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. __1__a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been ___2__ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very __3__ of money itself," only to __4___ itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so___5___ in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work __6___ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7__ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the___8__ form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they ___9___ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to __10__ . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days __11___ a check is cashed and funds are __12___ from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13__ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may __14___ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there. The fact that this is not an __16___ occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and __17___ from someone else's accounts. The __18__ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to ___19___ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic __20___ that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailMillions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI. was t he 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes, who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid , 5) an average guy up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.BearHis name is not much. GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the articles 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name. The United States has 10) had a president or vice president or secretary of state Joe.GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appears as a character ,or a (12 ) of American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle (13) portrayed themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the war, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports (16) the “willie” cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men (17) the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18) of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier, (20)the most important person in their lives.1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded4.[A]necessities [B]facilities [C]commodities [D]properties5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advances19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond20.[A]on the contrary [B] by this means [C]from the outset [D]at that point1.A.swept B. skipped C. walked D. ridden2.A.for B. within C. while D. though3.A.careless B. lawless C. pointless D. helpless4.A.reason B. reminder C. compromise D. proposalrmation B. interference C. entertainment D. equivalent6.A.by B. into C. from D. over7.A.linked B. directed C. chained D. compared8.A.dismiss B. discover C. create D. improve9.A.recall B. suggest C. select D. realize10.A.released B. issued C. distributed D. delivered11.A.carry on B. linger on C. set in D. log in12.A.In vain B. In effect C. In return D. In contrast13.A.trusted B. modernized C. thriving D. competing14.A.caution B. delight C. confidence D. patience15.A.on B. after C. beyond D. across16.A.divided B. disappointed C. protected D. united17.A.frequently B. incidentally C. occasionally D. eventually18.A.skepticism B. tolerance C. indifference D. enthusiasm19.A.manageable B. defendable C. vulnerable D. invisible20.A.invited B. appointed C. allowed D. forcedThe outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_____1_____ by the World Health Organization in 41 years.The heightened alert _____2_____an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_____3_____in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.Flow from 来源于But the epidemic is "_____4_____" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, _____5_____ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _____6_____ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global_____7_____in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_____8_____healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _____9_____in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.Come to sb‘s noticeIn the United States, new cases seemed to fade_____10_____warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _____11_____flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_____12_____tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_____13_____more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials_____14_____Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began_____15_____orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is ____16_____ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those_____17_____doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_____18_____for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other_____19_____. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people _____20_____infants and healthy young people.。

2016考研英语(一)真题完形及新题型解析点评完型是来源于外文网站，原文题目为：DNA of Friendship: Study Finds We are Genetically Linked to Our Friends，DNA友谊：研究发现我们在基因上和我们的朋友有着千丝万缕的联系。

尽管下文也有一些生僻词，但是文章的主题内容在开头呈现的还是很明显的，所以考生知道抓住主题，下边理解起来就会比较顺利，正确率自然也会提高。

这再一次印证了我们的原则：完形必须得做，千万不要奢望随便“蒙混过关”。

新题型的文章也保持在正常水平，并且可以运用技巧快速破题，准确又高效。

依然是我们文都课堂常讲的新题型解题策略：复现法，指代法，逻辑关系法等。

其中41和43题是逻辑关系法，42题是复现法，44和45题是指代法。

比如45题，空缺后有such dimensions，预示着前文一定是各种dimensions，需要提到多种情况。

再比如44题就是考察代词指代this doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless.一、考研英语考什么在备考之前，先要了解一下考研英语都考哪些题型，因为有同学之前问听力怎么复习、口语如何提高之类，了解只清楚之后才不至于南辕北辙走冤枉路。

考研英语考五大题型：阅读、写作、翻译、新题型、完形填空。

阅读是占的分值比例最大的模块，2/5的比例，每个小题2分，每篇文章设有5个题目，共有4篇文章；写作中大作文英语一是图画作文，一般围绕社会现象，20分，英语二是图表作文，15分，小作文均为10分；翻译英语一是从一篇文章里划出5句话让翻译，10分，英语二是段落翻译，15分；新题型英语一为七选五、小标题、排序题，英语二为多项对应（连线题）、小标题、正误判断，都为10分；完形填空每个0.5分，20个小题。

二、阶段备考安排考研过程一般分为基础、强化、冲刺。