新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习小题天天必练阅读理解题型分类练十二

阅读理解题型分类练(十二) 词句猜测题——代词指代类

A

[2023·山东省淄博市高三一模] Giant pandas are among the most lovable animals

alive today. Unlike their relatives, such as the polar bear, pandas don't eat meat

but survive on a diet of only bamboo. So why and how have pandas abandoned their

taste for meat to pick up a vegetarian diet?

Pandas today don't eat meat. However, they've kept much of their meat­eating

adaptations from times past. Their digestive systems have not changed much from their

meat­eating days. Out of the huge 12.5 kg of bamboo they eat in a single day, only

about 17% of it is digested. To survive, pandas eat large amounts of bamboo while

having a low­metabolic (新陈代谢的)，lazy lifestyle to make up for the poor energy

return.

The giant panda's shift to a vegetarian diet is in line with the inactivation

of a specific gene­Taslrl, which provides them with the ability to taste certain

amino acids (氨基酸) abundant in meat. Its inactivation in pandas would lead to their

dietary change.

Pandas have evolved to a great degree to cope with their relatively recent

bamboo­eating lifestyle. Pandas must seize long and thin pieces of bamboo shoots.

To assist with this,__they have developed a long “fake­thumb” (伪拇指). So

giant

pandas have six fingers in each paw which provides better support for them to seize

object such as bamboo in one paw quickly. Researchers have found that the surface

of the panda's tongue is different. While other bears and many meat­eating animals

have smooth tongues, pandas have evolved tiny projections (凸出物) on the surface

of their tongues that serve to file down food. This is especially useful for pandas

as they remove the outer cover of bamboo.

Time will tell if pandas will adapt and survive, go back to eating meat, or

disappear in the wild. Whatever the future holds, we can be grateful that, for the

time being, we get to share our planet with these adorable animals.

1．Why are the numbers mentioned in Paragraph 2?

A.To illustrate the variety of food.

B．To represent the evolutionary rule of pandas.

C．To describe the changes of living environment.

D.To show the ineffectiveness of digestive system.

2．What caused pandas' change in diet?

A．The low­metabolic ability.

B．The amino acids in meat.

C．The Taslrl gene's inactivation.

D．The supplies of bamboo.

3．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．Seizing bamboo shoots.

B．The low energy return.

C．Developing more fingers. D．The vegetarian diet.

4．Which aspect of pandas does Paragraph 4 focus on?

A．The preference for bamboo.

B．The evolutionary feature in eating.

C．The unique lifestyle.

D．The special appearance.

B

[2023·山东省日照市高考二模] Crossing Phoenix, Arizona, are 180 miles of canals.

In 1867, the city's founding father, Jack Swilling saw the remains of irrigation

(灌溉) channels wandering across the landscape. He realized that, centuries before,

some society had farmed this desert. Soon after, Swilling began clearing the blocked

canals to bring agriculture back to the region.

Three years later, Swilling and other pioneers met to consider names for their

settlement. The top two were Pumpkinville and Stonewall. Luckily, English adventurer

Darrell Duppa proposed a name inspired by the resurrection (复兴) of the canals.

“A great race once lived here and another great race will live here in the future，”

he considered. “I predict that a new city will spring, phoenix­like, from the ruins

and ashes of the old.”

Gary Huckleberry, a researcher, said, “In the southwest, we have some serious

issues to deal with in terms of water. The Colorado River is the main source of water

for the southwest and it's over distributed. We've got population growth and climate

change. How are we going to deal with that? I think there's something to be learned

by looking at past societies who managed water for thousands of years.”

That great society was the Hohokam. Between 100 and 1450 AD, they constructed

1，000 miles of canals. As the Hohokam expanded their network, they constantly

repaired, cleaned and diverted the canals. “It requires cooperation, because all

the users of the water from that canal have to agree not only to construct it, but

also to maintain it，” Henderson, a scientist, said. “Users would have to agree

to certain conditions to keep the entire system going.” The Hohokam committed to

sharing water and put themselves on timetables.

The Hohokam used canal irrigation for 3，000 years. “That, to me, is the

definition of sustainable development，” Huckleberry said. “They learned how to

sustainably farm, to manage water, to not destroy their soils in a way that is worthy

and might give us insight into how we might deal with the current trouble. I think

one of the key lessons is that you don't put all your eggs in one basket.”

5．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The reconstruction of canals.