高中英语常见名词词汇详解
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U1 重点词汇讲解一、重点词汇列表二、精选词汇讲解1. experience(1)可数名词“经历”something that happens to you or something you do, especiallywhen this has an effect on what you feel or think:This was my first experience of living abroad.Failing an exam was a new experience for me.Getting caught in the flood was quite an experience for me.(2)不可数名词“经验”knowledge or skill that you gain from doing a job or activity, or theprocess of doing this:Experience is the best teacher.I have some first-hand experience in skiing.Nowadays people prefer to hire someone with work experience.(3)动词to feel, to suffer, to know an experience:Have you ever experienced real hunger?It’s the most wonderful feeling that I have ever experienced.(4)experience →experienced形容词,“有经验的”an experienced teacheran experienced reporter* be experienced at/in +名词/doing somethingShe is quite experienced in medicine.Jenny is experienced at teaching beginners.Tom is experienced in dealing with difficult customers.2. attend动词(1)“出席,到场”to go to …, to be present at …* 及物动词vt.Did you attend the meeting yesterday?He didn’t attend his brother’s wedding.* 不及物动词vi.Please let me know if you are unable to attend.Everyone is expected to attend.(2) “上学,上课”to go regularly to a schoolHe is the first one in his family to attend college.Though he was born in China, he attended high school in the US.3. earn 动词(1)“挣钱”to receive money by workingShe doesn’t earn much money, but she enjoys the work.Most people in this company earns around 50 thousand dollars a year.earn a living = make a livingearn one’s living = make one’s livingHe earns his living as a teacher.(2)“赢得”to get something as a result of one’s effortsHe earned a lot of praise because of his honesty.She earned a reputation as the best teacher of the school.His achievement earned him respect and admiration.4. average(1) 形容词*“平均的”:the average rainfall平均降雨量the average temperature平均气温Tom is of average height.The average age of the students in this school here is 16.*“一般的,普通的”neither very good nor very badShe looks like an average teacher.An average American eats more than 10 pounds of chocolate a year.(2) 名词*“平均,平均数”The average of five and three is four.Do you know how to work out an average? 你知道怎样算平均数吗?This year’s rainfall comes close to the average.(3) average的词组:* on (the) averageOn average, I receive 15 e-mails every day.On the average, men still earn more than women.* above (the) average / below (the) averageHer grades are above the average.The cost of living in this city is below the average.5. donate动词“捐献,捐款”to give something, especially money, to a person or an organization in order to help them:* donate something to somebody/somethingLast year he donated $1,000 to cancer research.She donated one million yuan to the Hope Project.Now more and more people volunteer to donate blood to the blood bank.* donate →donation 名词“捐献”donation to…There have been donations from around the world to the flooded areas.Would you like to make a donation to the school?6. regret(1) 动词过去式、过去分词:regretted, 现在分词:regretting* 懊悔、悔恨、惋惜to feel sorry about something you have done and wish you had not done it:I've never regretted the decision.Don't do anything you might regret.* regret doing somethingI now regret leaving school so young.He deeply regrets losing his temper last night.* regret + that- 分句He was beginning to regret that he'd come along.She regrets that she never went to college.* 对……感到抱歉、遗憾used in official letters or statements when saying that you aresorry or sad about something:We regret any inconvenience caused to our customers.* regret + that- 分句I regret that I will be unable to attend your lecture.* regret to do (regret to say / inform / tell …)I regret to inform you that you owe the bank $10,000.We regret to tell you that you failed in your driving test.(2) 名词懊悔、悔恨、惋惜sadness that you feel about something, especially because you wish it had not happened:He said he had no regrets about leaving the city.She has already expressed deep regret for what happened.* with regretThey said goodbye with deep regret.I decided with some regret that it was time to move on.* to somebody's regretI lost touch with her, much to my regret.To our regret, he was not accepted by Harvard.7. run动词“控制、管理”to organize or be in charge of an activity, business, organization, or country:For a while, she ran a restaurant in Boston.Some married women manage to work out and run a home as well.well-run ←→badly-runThe hotel is well-run and very popular.The hotel is badly-run and not popular at all.8. approve(1) 及物动词“批准,通过”to officially accept a plan, proposal, etc.:The President approved the building plan.(2) 不及物动词“赞成,认可,同意”to think that something /somebody is good, right, orsuitable* approve ofHer parents don’t approve of their marriage.I don’t approve of your choice.(3) approve →approval 名词approve →disapprove反义词9. inform动词,“通知”to officially tell someone about something or give them information:* inform somebody about/of somethingPlease inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.They decided to inform the police of the missing boy.* inform somebody + that-从句We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.Unfortunately we were informed that the lecture had been cancelled, so we didn’t go. 三、词汇拓展训练(一)单项填空:1. ---- Are you free tomorrow afternoon?---- I’m afraid not. I’ll have to __________ an important lecture given by a famous professor.A. joinB. take part inC. attendD. enter2. The Chief Manager made a donation of one million _________ the City Museum.A. toB. atC. onD. for3. They failed to finish the project in time. I regretted _________ them.A. to be not able to helpB. being not able to helpC. not being able to helpD. not be able to help4. Still, some women do not have any full-time jobs because their husbands do not ________.A. agreeB. approveC. allowD. admit5. History is my favorite subject. So I think I’ll __________ physics and chemistry when I reach Senior II.A. stopB. dropC. desertD. leave6. Through hard work you will ________ the respect of your fellow workers.Which of the following is not appropriate?A. gainB. earnC. winD. accept7. We’ll be having a picnic this afternoon by the lake. Why don’t you come and ________ us?A. take part inB. attendC. joinD. enter8. It is ________ deep regret that we have to report the death of the pupils.A. toB. ofC. withD. in9. We will inform you __________ writing ________ the changes as soon as possible.A. for … inB. at … onC. in … ofD. on … about10. He is a great success as a scientist, but he hasn’t ________in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot of experiences(二)单词拼写:1. The job wasn’t ___________ enough for me. I want something more creative. (富有挑战性的)2. She is studying American ____________ at Georgetown University at present. (文学)3. The students are working hard every day, in ___________ for the big examination. (准备)4. Older people often complain that the younger ____________ don’t know what hard work is. (一代人)5. It takes an _________ of two weeks to finish a task like this. (平均)6. The village schools are in great need of ______________ teachers. (有经验的)7. Have a rest before you __________ with your reading. (继续)8. The Internet is ___________ at a very fast speed. (发展)9. People in this neighborhood can use the gym at no _________ cost. (额外的)10. The Ming ___________ ruled China from 1368 to 1644. (朝代)(三)词组填空:1. According to this research, ________ women live between five to seven years longer than men.2. Before I open the letter, let’s _________ ourselves _______ the news, whether it is good or bad.3. I think doctors should ________ the patients _______ the side effects of the medicine they take.4. Peter, I want to _________ you _________ my family.5. He has offered to do the job ___________.6. Do you think you are willing to ___________ some of your time ________ the volunteer work?1. I lost touch with her, much ____________.2. Her performance last night was well ____________, which surprised everyone.3. I do not ____________ your choice of friends.4. If you don’t _____________ the teacher in class, I don’t think you will pass the examination.5. You will soon regret it if you ___________.6. If you want to be a good boss, you will have to ____________ from your employees first.(四)综合填空:1. ---- How was your trip to Beijing?---- Great. My only r___________ was that I had no time to visit the Great Wall.2. ---- What are we having for d___________?---- Ice-cream, cheese cake and chocolate pudding.3. ---- How much are these books?---- Five dollars each. But if you buy two, you could get the third one for f_______.4. ---- May I i___________ myself? I’m Jerry Blom, assistant to Dr. Smith.---- Nice to meet you.5. ---- Why don’t you buy that cellphone? It’s 30% off today!---- Not unless my parents a____________.6. ---- What’s the matter, officer? I was driving at 50 miles an hour. I wasn’t speeding.---- Sir, you are r___________ by law to wear a seat belt.7. ---- What’s your new boss like?---- Oh, she is hard to p________. Everything should be perfect.8. ---- Look at the mistakes! You are not paying a___________ in class!---- I’m sorry sir. I promise I’ll listen more carefully.9. ---- Wha t’s your secret to success?---- The reason I a__________ good results is that I work hard. So could you!10. ---- Do you agree with me?---- I totally disagree with you, but I r__________ your opinion.(五)短文填空:I studied at a British high school for one school year. It was quite an ___1___ for me. My class with 29 students is of ___2___ size in Britain, but much smaller according to the Chinese standard. At first, I find the homework a little ___3___ as everything was in English, but I soon got used to it. Later I made great progress in English. I worked hard and ___4___ high grades so I earned ___5____ from my classmates. After school I enjoyed ___6___ under a tree or sitting on the grass. When I ___7___ my family and friends, I would ___8___ them at lunchtime in the school Computer Club for ___9___. One thing I like about British food is the ___10___ after the main meal.KEYS(一)单项填空:1-5: CACBB 6-10: DCCCB(二)单词拼写:1. challenging2. Literature3. preparation4. generation5. average6. experienced7. continue8. developing9. extra 10. Dynasty (三)词组填空:A1. on average2. prepare … for3. inform … of4. introduce … to5. for free6. donate … toB1. to my regret2. above average3. approve of4. pay attention to5. miss the chance6. earn respect(四)综合填空:1. regret2. dessert3. free4. introduce5. approve6. required7. please8. attention9. achieve 10. respect (五)短文填空:1. experience2. average3. challenging4. achieved5. respect6. relaxing7. missed8. e-mail9. free 10. dessert。
高中英语所有单词归纳总结英语在高中学习中占据重要地位,掌握单词是英语学习的基石。
本文将对高中英语学习过程中所涉及的所有单词进行归纳总结,以帮助学生更好地掌握和复习。
以下将按照不同语法分类介绍各个单词,并给出相应的释义和例句。
一、名词(Noun)名词是指一个人、一个地方、一件事物或一个想法的名称。
在英语中,名词有单数和复数两种形式,单数用于指代一个事物,复数用于指代多个事物。
1. Students(学生)- Definition: People who study at a school or a college- Example: Many students are preparing for their exams.2. Teacher(老师)- Definition: A person who teaches in a school or a college- Example: The teacher explained the new lesson in class.3. Book(书)- Definition: A written or printed literary work consisting of pages glued or sewn together along one side and bound in covers.- Example: I borrowed a book from the library.4. Apple(苹果)- Definition: A round, edible fruit with red, green, or yellow skin and a white flesh.- Example: She took a bite of the juicy apple.二、动词(Verb)动词是表示行为、状态、感觉或存在的词汇。
它们用于构建句子的谓语部分,描述主语的动作或状态。
【高中英语】高中英语知识点:名词名词的概念:名词(Nouns)是词性的一种,也是实词的一种,是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。
名词可以独立成句。
在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。
名词可以分为专有名词(ProperNouns)和普通名词(CommonNouns),普通名词又可分为不可数名词和可数名词两大类。
名词的数:1、名词复数的构成方法:(1)在一般情况下,加词尾-s: book/books书 pen/pens钢笔 face/faces脸(2)以s, x, z, sh, ch等结尾的名词,通常加词尾-es:bus/buses 公共汽车box/boxes 盒子 dish/dishes 盘子注:有些以ch结尾的名词,由于其发音不是[k]而是[tf],那么其复数形式应加词尾?s,如stomach/stomachs胃。
(3)以y结尾的名词,其复数构成要分两种情况:以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,将y 改为ies;以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接加词尾s:city/cities 城市 boy/boys男孩 key/keys 钥匙注:以y结尾的专有名词,若在某些特殊情况下需要复数,通常加s构成:Mary/Marys玛丽 Germany/Germanys德国(4)以o结尾的名词,有些加词尾-s,有些加-es,有些加-s或-es均可:piano/pianos钢琴 tomato/tomatoes西红柿 zero/zero(e)s零注:有人对英语中所有以o结尾的名词作了统计,一共近200个,其中绝大部分的复数形式通过加词尾-s构成,少数加词尾es。
在中学英语范围内,加词尾es的主要有以下4个:tomato西红柿,potato土豆,hero英雄,Negro黑人(5)以f或fe结尾的名词,也有两种可能:即有些直接加词尾-s,有些则把f/fe改为ves: chief/chiefs首领 roof/roofs屋顶 knife/knives小刀注:在中学英语范围内,要改f/fe为ves的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词):wife 妻子,life 生命,knife 小刀,leaf 树叶,thief 贼,half 一半,self 自己,shelf 架子,loaf 面包,wolf 狼。
高中英语名词语法总结大全(名师剖析语法知识点,建议下载背诵)名词概论名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词(Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing ,China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。
普通名词又可分为下面四类:1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词(Collective No uns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns ):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。
归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:名词专有名词普通名词个体名词可数名词集体名词物质名词不可数名词抽象名词名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps2.浊辅音和元音后读/z/ bag-bags car-cars以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加-es 读/iz/ bus-buseswatch-watchesce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加-s 读/iz/ license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es 读/z/ baby---babies其它名词复数的规则变化1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:two Marys the Henrysmonkey---monkeysholiday---holidays比较:层楼:storey ---storeysstory---stories2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:a. 加s,如:photo---photospiano---pianosradio---radioszoo---zoos;b. 加es,如:potato--potatoestomato—tomatoesc. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:a. 加s,如:belief---beliefsroof---roofssafe---safesgulf---gulfs;b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---livesthief---thieves;c. 均可,如:handkerchief:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves名词复数的不规则变化1)child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
高中英语名词tendency 倾向,偏好,性情performer 表演者,执行者compass 罗盘,指南针earth 地球;土,泥;大地moon 月球;月光;月状物field 田地;牧场;场地tour 参观,观光,旅行waiter (餐厅)男服务员quilt 被子category 类别,种类whistle 口哨,口哨声cousin 堂(表)兄弟,堂(表)姐妹physicist 物理学家parrot 鹦鹉workforce 劳动力intelligence 智力,才智,智慧universe 宇宙currency 货币;现金advice 忠告,劝告,建议riddle 谜语gale 强风lot 许多,好些vase (花)瓶;瓶饰towel 毛巾doll 玩偶,玩具娃娃snack 小吃war 战争garlic 大蒜research 调查,研究junk (口语)废品,破烂货adolescent 青少年agent 代理人,经纪人pole 杆,电线杆chemist 药剂师;化学家ankle 踝,踝关节luck 运气,好运tax 税,税款minority 少数;少数民族trousers 裤子,长裤beehive 蜂箱income 收入,所得studio 工作室,演播室tin (英)罐头,听头snowball 雪球hen 母鸡directory 姓名地址录affection 喜爱,钟爱dam 水坝,堰堤carrot 胡萝卜midday 中午,正午behaviour行为,举止gate 大门tobacco 烟草,烟叶origin 起源,由来shelter 掩蔽;隐蔽处preference 选择,趋向departure 离开,启程ambition 目标,野心,雄心,报复fact 事实,现实weather 天气drum 鼓requirement 需要;需求;必要的条件medal 奖牌ocean 海洋snowman 雪人sky 天;天空assumption 假定,假设postage 邮费bottom 底部;底beer 啤酒signal 信号,暗号roof 屋顶,顶部emperor 皇帝astronaut 宇航员disease 疾病,疾chair 椅子grocer 零售商人;食品店ministry (政府的)部car 小汽车,小卧车production 生产;制造software 软件beast 野兽;牲畜sale 卖,出售trick 诡计,把戏flower 花parcel 包裹overcoat 大衣hospital 医院acquisition 获得,得到heroine 女英雄,女主角spaceship 宇宙飞船identity 身份,持证nurse 护士;保育员psychology 心理学percentage 百分率latter (两者之中的)后者sorrow 悲伤,悲痛apple 苹果zone 区域;范围pair 一双,一对beam 平衡木birth 出生;诞生child 孩子,儿童grain 谷物,谷类bookcase 书橱outcome 结果,效果skin 皮,皮肤;兽皮union 联合,联盟;工会taxi 出租汽车winner 获胜者phenomenon 现象habit 习惯,习性government 政府shark 鲨鱼suite 套件;组曲size 尺寸,大小list 一览表,清单university 大学hearing 听力liberty 自由earthquake 地震athletics 田径generation 代,一代agreement 同意,一致;协定,协议dialogue 对话dignity 庄重,庄严,尊严,尊贵,高尚windbreaker 风衣,防风夹克mosquito 蚊子victory 胜利diary 日记;日记簿brain 脑inventor 发明者,创造者evolution 进化,演变friendship 友谊,友情homework 家庭作业pool 关系;亲属cloth 布elephant 象aircraft 飞机crime (法律上的)罪,犯罪greeting 祝贺connection 连接物;接触,联系motor 发动机,马达security 安全,平安oxygen 氧;氧气locust 蝗虫bike 自行车friend 朋友jungle 丛林,密林chest 箱子;盒子;胸部dirt 污物;脏污plane 飞机globe 地球仪,地球cattle 牛,家畜building 建造物;房屋;大楼finance 资金,财政,财务stocking 长筒袜heel 脚后跟file 公文柜;档案文档chairman 主席,会长;议长textbook 课本,教科书crop 庄稼;收成T-shirt T恤衫chocolate 巧克力relief 轻松,解脱,缓和,救济crew 全体船员job 工作man 成年男人;人类art 艺术,美术;技艺data 资料,数据unrest 不安;骚动criminal 罪犯perfume 香水drink 饮料;喝酒journalist 记者,新闻工作者examination 考查;考试;审讯;检查group 组,群burden (义务,责任的)重担,负担rank 职衔,军衔situation 形势,情况courage 勇气;胆略manner 方式,态度,举止family 家庭;家族;子女monitor (班级内的)班长;纠察生;监视器rat 老鼠biochemistry 生物化学least 最少,最少量gentleman 绅士,先生;有身份、有教养的人monkey 猴子stadium (露天)体育场blood 血,血液composition 作文;作曲policy 政策,方针,原则beauty 美丽,美人league 联盟,社团value 价值,益处education 教育,培养discrimination 歧视grandson (外)孙子pan 平底锅dozen 十二个;几十,许多jewelry 珠宝coach 教练;马车;长途车tape 磁带;录音带chaos 混乱,杂乱,紊乱embassy 大使馆sunset 日落(时分)scientist 科学家owner 物主,所有人skateboard 冰鞋,滑板prayer 祈祷poem 诗voice 说话声;语态receipt 收据zipper 拉链grass 草;草场;牧草flame 火焰,光辉burglar 入室窃贼advantage 优点;好处factory 工厂dog 够immigration 移民viewer 观看者card 卡片;名片;纸牌quantity 量,数company 公司customer (商店)顾客,主顾wedding 婚礼,结婚exchange 交换,掉换;交流temptation 引诱;诱惑mercy 怜悯ability 能力;才能starvation 饥饿;饿死northwest 西北wing 机翼,翅膀capsule 胶囊condition 条件,状况rainbow 虹,彩虹chain 链;链条religion 宗教peace 和平bathrobe 浴衣mist 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高中英语常用名词·高中英语常用名词一、英语学习的基础——名词名词作为英语语法的基本部分,是我们学习英语不可忽视的重要内容。
名词用来指代人、事物、地点等具体或抽象的事物,是我们表达思想和交流信息的重要工具。
在高中英语学习中,我们会经常遇到各种各样的名词,下面就来介绍一些高中英语常用的名词。
1. Concrete Nouns(具体名词)具体名词用来指代可以通过我们的五官感知到的事物。
例如:apple(苹果)、car(汽车)、dog(狗)等等。
在句子中,具体名词可以作为主语、宾语、定语等等。
2. Abstract Nouns(抽象名词)抽象名词用来指代无法通过我们的五官感知到的事物,比如情感、思想、概念等。
例如:love(爱)、happiness(幸福)、freedom(自由)等等。
抽象名词在句子中通常作为主语、宾语、表语等。
3. Countable Nouns(可数名词)可数名词表示一个可以单独数出的事物,它可以用数目或数量词来修饰。
例如:book(书)、chair(椅子)、student(学生)等等。
可数名词可以有单数和复数形式,并且可以用来表示数量。
4. Uncountable Nouns(不可数名词)不可数名词表示一个无法单独数出的事物,不能用数目或数量词来修饰。
例如:water(水)、milk(牛奶)、information(信息)等等。
不可数名词通常是没有复数形式的,表示一种整体或抽象概念。
5. Collective Nouns(集体名词)集体名词用来指代一个整体或组织中的一群人或事物。
例如:family(家庭)、team(团队)、herd(兽群)等等。
在句子中,集体名词可以作为单数或复数形式使用,具体要看所指代的事物是否被看作整体或个体。
6. Proper Nouns(专有名词)专有名词用来指代特定的人、地点、组织或事物,它们通常以大写字母开头。
例如:John(约翰)、London(伦敦)、Microsoft(微软)等等。
高考英语名词的知识点名词(英文Noun,简称n.),是词类的一种,属于实词。
它表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。
它分为专有名词和普通名词。
下面小编给大家分享一些高考英语名词的知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!高考英语名词的知识1名词所有格1.-’s所有格①用and连接的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列名词后加-’s 或’;表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s或’。
Tom’s and Jim’s rooms.汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间。
Tom and Jim’s room.汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间。
②表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时,名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。
at the barber’s在理发店at the teacher’s在老师办公室2.of所有格表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。
the content of the novel小说的内容the name of the girl over there那边那位女孩的名字3.双重所有格指"名词+of+名词所有格"或"名词+of+名词性物主代词"。
a play of Shakespeare’s(莎士比亚的一个戏剧)a friend of mine(我的一个朋友)高考英语名词的知识2名词的语法功能1.作主语The young woman played an important part in the matter. 那年轻女人在这件事上举足轻重。
His grandpa joined the Red Army at the age of fifteen. 他爷爷十五岁时参加红军。
2.作宾语(1)作及物动词的直接宾语I met your elder brother in the street。
英语词汇与语法基础知识名词根据词的意义、形态特征及其在句子中的作用,将词分为若干类,叫做词类。
英语的词通常分为10类。
其中名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、动词为实词,冠词、介词、连词和感叹词为虚词。
Noun n.名词表示人、事物或地点的名称Alice, boybook, carArticle art.冠词用在名词前,帮助说明其所指对象a(an), thePronoun pron.代词代替名词、数词等this, that, I, itmy, your Adjective a.或adj.形容词表示人或事物的性质或特征blue, big,beautiful Numeral num.数词表示数量或顺序first, three Verb v.动词表示动作或状态be, have, go Adverb ad.或adv.副词表示动作的特征often, usuallyPreposition prep.介词表示名词,代词等和其他词之间的关系in, on, atConjunction conj.连词连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句and, butInterjection int.或interj.感叹词表示说话时的喜悦,惊讶等情感或语气oh, hello英语名词(Noun)可以从形式上进行分类,英语名词可以划分成专有名词和普通名词两大类。
从意义上划分,英语名词可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词四类。
一般来说,个体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns)。
物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词无法用数目来计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。
集合名词有的可数,有的不可数。
一、普通名词普通名词指一类人或事物的名称。
英语中普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词一般有单、复数两种形式。
如a/one child,ten children。
而不可数名词一般只有一种形式。
如cash(现金)。
名词用法详解名词是用来表示人名、地名、时间名称、事件名称及抽象概念的词。
Ⅰ名词的基本分类1.专有名词:指人或物所特有的名字,通常是人名、地名、书报刊名、团体组织、机关名等。
1)人名:Green 格林Mary 玛丽Yao Ming 姚明Maria 玛利亚2)地名:America 美国Beijing 北京Boston 波士顿3)其他:the Changjiang River 长江Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》(书名)CCTV中国中央电视台the Guangzhou Asian Games 广州亚运会World EXPO 2010 Shanghai 上海2010世界博览会2.普通名词:指一类人、事物、物质或抽象概念的名称。
1)个体名词:指作为个体而存在的人或物。
bird, car, computer, doctor, e-pal, work, novel, movie…2)集体名词:指一群人或一些事物总称的名词。
army, class, cattle, family, group, police, public, staff…注意:由于本身就是复数意义,通常不再通过加s变成复数,但是在主谓一致关系中要看是否表示整体,如果强调的是组成该集体的个体概念时谓语动词用复数,如果表示整体要用单数。
people, police, cattle 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
class, family 作整体时,动词用单数。
作成员时,动词用复数。
3)物质名词:指无法分解为个体的物质、材料、食品、饮料、液体、气体、金属等名称的词。
brick, cloth, cotton, earth, glass, paper, plastic, sand, beef, chicken, duck, fish, bread, sugar, water, rain, gas, ink, petrol, smoke, fog, air…4)抽象名词:指人或事物的品质、情感、状态、动作等抽象概念及学科、疾病等名称的名词。
高考英语知识点——名词冠词名词一、名词概述1.名词的分类一般说来名词可以分为普通名词和专有名词。
(1)专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、地名、机构和节日等的名称称为专有名词。
①表示人名的专有名词:Yang Liwei杨利伟Green 格林(姓)Alice 爱丽斯(女名)②表示事物的专有名词:West Laker 湖人队(美国篮球队)December 十二月May Flower 五月花号the Internet 因特网the Changjiang River 长江③表示地名的专有名词:Macao 澳门New York 纽约Salt Lake City 盐湖城④表示机构的专有名词:WTO 世贸组织the University of London 伦敦大学⑤表示节日的专有名词:Christmas Day 圣诞节Children's Day 儿童节Mother's Day 母亲节Father's Day 父亲节Teachers' Day教师节Thanksgiving Day 感恩节注意:专有名词的第一个字母必须大写,但其中的虚词如冠词、介词等(a/an/the/in/for...)的第一个字母一般不大写。
如,the Yellow River黄河,the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国,the Great Wall长城。
(2)普通名词普通名词指一类人、事物、物质或抽象概念的名称,这些名词一般不用来专门指某一具体的事物。
普通名词的分类如下所示:①可数名词A.个体名词定义(用来指单个人或事物的名词。
) 例词(taxi 出租车,scientist 科学家,computer 计算机)B.集体名词定义(用来指一群人或一些事物总称的名词。
) 例词(army 军队,police 警察,family 家庭,class 班级)②不可数名词A.物质名词定义(用来指无法分为个体的物质、材料的名词。
高中英语常用词汇表(动词、名词、形容词和副词)一、动词accept vt.& vi.接受;同意achieve vt.完成, 实现;达到act vi.行动;做, 做事add vt.加, 增加admire vt.钦佩;羡慕;赞美admit vt.& vi.承认advance vi.前进;提高 n.进展advise vt.劝告;建议afford vt.担负得起…agree vt.&vi.同意, 赞成allow vt.允许, 准许;任amaze vt.使惊奇, 使惊愕announce vt.宣布, 宣告, 发表answer vt.&n.回答;响应apologize vi.道歉, 谢罪, 认错appear vi.出现;显得, 好象argue vi.争论, 争辩, 辩论arrive vi.到达;来临;达到ask v.问, 要求astonish vt.使惊讶attack vt.&vi.&n.攻击, 进攻attempt vt.尝试, 试图 n.企图attend vt.出席;照顾, 护理attract vt.吸引;引起, 诱惑 vt.避免;回避, 躲开awake vt.唤醒 vi.醒bake vt.烤, 烘bathe vt.给…洗澡;弄湿become vi.& link v.变成;成为, 变得beg vt.&vi.请求, 乞求begin vi.开始 vt.开始believe vt.相信;认为belong vi.属于, 附属bend vt.使弯曲 vi.弯曲bite vt.咬, 叮, 螫;剌穿blame vt.责备, 把…归咎于blow vt.&vi.吹 n.重击boil vi.沸腾;汽化 vt.煮沸borrow vt.借break v.断裂;打破 n.(课间)休息时间breathe vi.&vt.呼吸bring vt.带来;引出;促使build vt.建筑;建立;创立burn vi.&vt.燃烧burst v.&n.突然破裂;爆发bury vt.埋葬, 葬;埋藏buy vt.买call vt.把…叫做;叫, 喊care v.&n.在乎, 在意照料;保护;小心carry vt.携带;运载;传送;传播catch vt.& vi.抓住;钩住;挂住;绊住celebrate vt.庆祝;歌颂, 赞美charge vt.使承担;收费;充电 n.主管chat v.& n.聊天cheer vt.使振作;欢呼choose vt.&vi.选择circle vt.环绕, 盘旋 n.圆become vi.& link v.变成;成为, 变得beg vt.&vi.请求, 乞求begin vi.开始 vt.开始believe vt.相信;认为belong vi.属于, 附属bend vt.使弯曲 vi.弯曲bite vt.咬, 叮, 螫;剌穿blame vt.责备, 把…归咎于blow vt.&vi.吹 n.重击boil vi.沸腾;汽化 vt.煮沸borrow vt.借break v.断裂;打破 n.(课间)休息时间breathe vi.&vt.呼吸bring vt.带来;引出;促使build vt.建筑;建立;创立burn vi.&vt.燃烧burst v.&n.突然破裂;爆发bury vt.埋葬, 葬;埋藏buy vt.买call vt.把…叫做;叫, 喊care v.&n.在乎, 在意照料;保护;小心carry vt.携带;运载;传送;传播catch vt.& vi.抓住;钩住;挂住;绊住celebrate vt.庆祝;歌颂, 赞美charge vt.使承担;收费;充电 n.主管chat v.& n.聊天cheer vt.使振作;欢呼choose vt.&vi.选择circle vt.环绕, 盘旋 n.圆close v.关 a.靠近的;紧密的collect vt.收集 vi.收款come vi.来, 来到;出现compare vt.比较, 对照;比作complete v.完成 a.完全的, 彻底的conduct v.&n.举止, 行为;指导congratulate vt.祝贺, 向…道喜connect vt.连接, 连结;联系consider vt.考虑;把...看作construct vt.建造;建设;构筑contain vt.包含, 容纳continue vt.继续, 连续;延伸control vt.&n.控制;支配cook vi.烹调, 煮 n.厨师copy vt.抄写 n.副本cost vi.值(多少钱) ;付出代价n.成本;费用;价格;代价cough vi.咳, 咳嗽 n.咳嗽count vt.数;计数cover vt.覆盖;包括;完成;走过;报道 n.盖子;封面cry vi.哭;叫喊cure vt.医治;消除 n.治愈cut vt.切;割;砍damage vt.损害, 毁坏 n.损害dance vi.跳舞;摇晃 n.舞deal vi.做买卖;对付decide vi.&vt.下决心;决定declare vt.断言;声明;表明defeat v.&n.击败;失败defend vt.保卫, 防守deliver vt.投递, 送交demand vt.&n.要求;需要depend vi.依靠describe vt.形容;描写, 描绘design vt.设计 n.设计;图样desire vt.欲望;要求 n.愿望destroy vt.破坏;消灭;打破determine vt.决定;查明;决心develop vt.发展;形成;冲洗(胶卷)devote vt.将…奉献, 致力于die vi.死dig vt.掘, 挖;采掘direct vt.指导 a.直接的disappoint vt.使失望, 使受挫折discover vt.发现;暴露, 显示discuss vt.讨论, 谈论;论述disturb vt.打扰, 扰乱;弄乱dive vi.跳水;潜水;俯冲divide vt.分;分配;分开do v.做draw vt.&vi.拉;牵;引出dream vt.&vi.做梦 n.梦想dress v.穿着n.衣服;连衣裙drink vt.饮 vi.喝 n.饮料drive vt.&vi.驱赶;驾驶drop vt.使落下;降低earn vt.赚得, 挣得;获得eat vt.吃, 喝 vi.吃饭educate vt.教育;培养encourage vt.鼓励, 支持, 助长enjoy vt.享受;欣赏, 喜爱enter vt.走进, 进入;参加envy v.&n.羡慕;忌妒escape vt.避免 n.&vi.逃跑examine vt.检查;诊察excite vt.使兴奋;使激动excuse v.原谅n.藉口;托辞exist vi.存在;生存expect vt.料想, 认为explain vt.&vi.解释, 说明explode vt.使爆炸 vi.爆炸exploit vt.剥削;利用;开拓express vt.表示;表达 n.快车, 快递, 快讯, 快报fail vi.失败fall vi.掉下fasten vt.&vi.扎牢;扣住feed vt.喂(养) vi.吃饲料feel vi.有知觉 vt.触, 摸fetch vt.拿来;请来, 接去fight vi.&vt.打仗(架)fill vt.装满, 盛满;占满find v.找到;发现finish vt.完成, 结束 n.结束fit vt.&vi.&n.适合, 合身 a.健康的fix vt.使固定;决定flash vi.一闪, 闪亮float vi.漂浮 vt.使漂浮flow vi.流, 流动fold vt.折叠;合拢 n.褶follow vt.跟随;(时间等)接着fool vi.&vt.愚弄, 欺骗forbid vt.禁止;不许force vt.强迫, 迫使forget vt.忘记, 遗忘forgive vt.原谅, 饶恕, 宽恕form vt.(使)组成, 建立 n.形式found vt.创立, 创办;建立freeze vi.冻;结冻vt.使结冰frighten vt.吓唬fry vt.油煎, 油炸, 油炒gain vt.&vi.获得 n.利益gather vt.集中get v.获;取give vt.做, 作;送给glance vi.看一下 n.一瞥go v.去greet vt.问候grow vi.生长;变得;增长guess v.猜hang vt.挂, 悬;吊死happen vi.(偶然)发生hate vt.恨, 憎恨;不喜欢have v.有hear v.听见, 听help v.帮助, 帮忙hide v.躲藏hire vt.租借 n.租用, 雇用hold vt.抓住;抑制hurry vi.赶紧 vt.催促hurt vt.使受伤;使痛心imagine vt.想象;设想improve vt.使更好 vi.改善include vt.包括, 包含increase vt.&vi.&n.增加infer vt.推论, 推断;猜想inform vt.通知, 向…报告insist vi.坚持;坚持要求interest vt.使发生兴趣 n.兴趣interrupt vt.打断(讲话);打扰introduce vt.介绍;引进invent vt.发明, 创造invite vt.邀请, 聘请;招待join vt.加入jump vi.跳;暴涨 vt.跳过keep vi.保持;坚持kick vi.&vt.&n.踢kill vt.杀死kiss n.&vt.吻 vi.接吻knock vi.敲;击, 打know vt.知道;认识;通晓laugh vi.笑, 发笑 n.笑lay vt.放, 搁;下(蛋)lead vt.领导learn vi.&vt.学, 学习;了解leave vt.离开;剩下 vi.离去lend vt.把…借给liberate vt.解放lie v.躺;说谎lift vt.&vi.举起, 抬起 n.电梯like v.喜欢 prep.象;跟…一样line vt.沿…排列 vi.排队 n.线, 行listen vi.听, 留神听;听从live vi.居住;活 a.活的;现场的load vt.装, 装载look v.看lose vt.失去;迷失;输掉love vt.爱, 喜欢 n.爱make v.造, 制作, 使…manage vt.设法;对付;管理march v.&n.行军marry vt.娶, 嫁 vi.结婚mean vt.意思是…measure vt.量, 测量 n.分量;步骤meet v.会;集会;满足mend vt.改正, 修正;修补mention vt.&n.提到, 说起miss v.错过;想念;丢失 n.小姐mix vt.&vi.混合;搅和mount vt.登上, 爬上 n.山mourn vi.&vt.哀痛;哀悼move v.移动;感动murder vt.&n.谋杀notice vt.注意 n.通知;注意obey vt.顺从 vi.服从occur vi.发生;出现, 存在open vt.开 a.开的;开放的operate vi.&vt.动手术;操作order v.&n.定货;定货单;命令;顺序organize vt.组织, 编组owe vt.欠(债等);感激own vt.所有;拥有pack vt.捆扎;挤满 n.包paint vt.漆, 画 n.油漆pass v.传递;经过pause vi.&n.中止;暂停pay vt.给…报酬 n.工资perform vt.履行;表演 vi.行动permit vt.允许 n.执照persuade vt.劝说;说服pick v.摘please vt.使高兴 int.请 vi.满意pollute vt.弄脏, 污染, 沾污post vt.投寄,邮寄 n.邮寄;海报pour vt.灌, 倒 vi.倾泻practise vt.练习praise vt.&n.赞扬, 表扬prefer vt.宁可, 宁愿prepare vt.&vi.准备;预备press v.印, 压 n.印刷所pretend vt.假托, 借口vi.假装prevent vt.预防, 防止;阻止print vt.&n.印刷produce vt.生产;产生pronounce vt.发…的音prove vt.证明, 证实 vi.&link v.证明是…provide vt.提供;装备, 供给pull v.拉punish vt.&vi.惩罚;处罚push vt.&vi.推put vt.放, 摆;使处于quarrel vi.&n.争吵raise v.举起, 提高, 提升, 增加;饲养, 养育;引起, 惹起reach v.抵达, 达到;(out)伸手, 够到, 触到 n.能达到的范围read v.朗读, 阅读;看懂, 理解;指明, 标明;写着realise / realize v.认识到, 体会到;实现receive v.收到, 接到;遭受, 受到;接待, 接见recognize / recognise v.认出, 识别;承认recommend v.推荐, 介绍;劝告, 建议recover v.收回;恢复, 痊愈reduce v.减少, 降低refer v.参考, 查阅;提到refuse v.拒绝 n.拒绝;垃圾regard v.认为regret v.&n.后悔remain v.保持;剩下remember v.记得remind v.使想起remove v.移动, 搬动repeat v.& n.重复reply v.&n.答复report v.& n.报告request v.&n.要求require v.要求respect v.& n.尊重return v.归还;回来review v.复习ride v.&n.开车;骑车rise v.& n.上升roll v.& n.滚动ruin v.& n.毁坏;废墟rule v.& n.统治;规则run v.跑;运转;经营;褪色;变得rush v.& n.冲sail vi.航行satisfy vt.使满意;使满足save vt.救, 挽救say v.说, 讲;写着scold vt.斥责, 责备scream vi.尖叫;呼啸search vt.在…中搜寻, 搜查seat vt.使坐下;使就座;容纳 n.座位see v.看, 看见;了解seek vt.寻找, 探索;试图seem vi.好像, 似乎seize vt.捉, 抓;掠夺sell vt.&vi.卖send vt.送;派遣;发射separate v.分开 a.分离的;个别的serve vt.开(饭), 上(菜);服务, 服役set vt.镶, 嵌;安装 n.(一)套settle vt.安排;定居;解决sew vi&vt缝纫, 缝制, 缝补share vt.分享 n.一份shave vt.剃, 刮 vi.修面shine v.照耀;发光shock vi.震动 n.冲击;震惊shoot vt.发射;射中 n.发芽shout vi.&vt.&n.喊;高呼show vt.给…看;表明shut vt.&vi.关闭sing v.唱, 演唱sink v.下沉sit v.坐skate v.滑冰sleep v.&n.睡, 睡眠smile v.&n.微笑spare vt.节约 a.多余的speak v.说话spell vt.拼写 vi.拼字spend vt.用钱, 花费;度过spread vt.伸开;传播 n.传播stand vi.站;坐落 n.架, 台stare vi.&vt.盯, 凝视start vt.开始 vi.出发starve vi.饿死 vt.使饿死stay vi.停留;暂住steal vt.偷, 窃取stick vt.&vi.伸, 伸出 n.棍子stop vt.塞住;阻止;停止storestrike vt.&vi.打;击;罢工succeed vi.成功 vt.继…之后suffer vi.受苦 vt.遭受suggest vt.建议;暗示suit v.合适 n.一套(衣服) supply vt.&n.供给, 供应support vt.支撑;支持;维持suppose vt.假定;猜想sweep vi.掠过;袭来;打扫swim vi.游, 游泳;眼花take v.拿;取talk v.说话, 谈话tap vt.&vi.&n.轻叩tax vt.抽税 n.税teach vt.教育;教书tear vt.扯开, 撕裂 n.眼泪tell v.告诉;讲述thank v.谢谢think vt.想;想要;认为throw vt.&vi.投掷;摔倒tie vt.(用绳等)系, 栓tire vi.疲劳, 累;厌倦touch vt.触摸;接触 n.拖拉机;牵引车translate vt.翻译, 译 vt.翻译travel vi.&n.旅行treat vt.治疗trust vt.&n.信任try vt.审问, 审判;尽力;尝试turn v.翻;转understand vt.懂;获悉 vi.懂得use vt.用;耗费 n.用visit vt.参观;拜访wait vi.等, 等候 n.等待wake v.醒walk vi.&n.走, 步行want vt.要, 想要;需要warn vt.警告, 告诫wash vt.洗;冲出 vi.洗涤wear vt.穿, 戴weigh vt.称…的重量;掂量whisper vt.低声地讲, 私下说win vi.获胜 vt.赢得wipe vt.揩, 擦wish vt.&n.希望;祝愿work v.&n.工作worry vt.(使)担忧write vt.书写;写 vi.写accident n.意外;事故ache n.疼痛, 酸痛 v.痛actor n.男演员;演剧的人actress n.女演员address n.地址;演说;谈吐advantage n.优点, 优势;好处adventure n.冒险, 冒险活动advice n.劝告;忠告;意见affair n.事件;事情African n.非洲人 a.非洲的afternoon n下午, 午后age n.年龄;时代 vt.变老agriculture n.农业, 农艺;农学aim n.瞄准;目标;目的air n.空气;空中aircraft n.飞机, 飞行器airport n.机场, 航空站America n.美洲;美国American n.美国人 a.美洲的anger n.发怒animal n.动物, 兽 a.动物的apple n.苹果April n.四月area n.地区arm n.手臂, 胳膊 v.武装army n.军队arrival n.到达;来临;达到art n.艺术;美术article n.文章, 论文;冠词artist n.美术家;艺术家ash n.灰, 灰烬, 灰堆Asia n.亚洲Asian n.亚洲人 a.亚洲的assistant n.助手, 助理;助教attention n.注意, 留心;注意力August n.八月aunt n.伯母, 婶母, 姑母, 姨母, 舅母Australia n.澳大利亚author n.创造者, 作者autumn n.秋, 秋季average n.平均数 a.平均的baby n.婴儿background n.背景, 后景, 经历bag n.提包, 口袋, 书包baggage n.行李bakeball n.球balloon n.气球 v.像气球banana n.香蕉bank n.银行;库;堤bargain n.交易 vi.议价;成交base n.基础;基地, 根据地basin n.水盆, 面盆basket n.篮, 篓, 筐basketball n.篮球;篮球运动bath n.浴, 洗澡;浴缸bathroom n.浴室;盥洗室battle n.战役 vi.战斗 vt.与…作战beach n.海滩, 湖滩, 河滩bear n.熊 v.孕育;承受,忍受beard n.胡须, 络腮胡子beatbeauty n.美;美人bed n.床bedroom n.卧室bee n.蜜蜂beef n.牛肉beginning n.开始, 开端;起源bell n.铃, 钟belt n.带, 腰带, 皮带;区bench n.长凳bicycle / bike n.脚踏车, 自行车bill n.账单;招贴;票据biology n.生物学;生态学bird n.鸟, 禽birth n.分娩;诞生;出身birthday n.生日biscuit n.(英)饼干;(美)软饼bit n.一点, 一些blackboard n.黑板blanket n.毛毯, 毯子, 羊毛毯block n.阻塞;障碍物;街区blood n.血blouse n.短上衣board n.木板;板boat n.小船, 艇body n.身体;主体;尸体bone n.骨, 骨骼book n.书, 书籍 vt.预定boss n.老板, 上司 vt.指挥bottle n.瓶, 酒瓶;一瓶bottom n.底, 底部, 根基bowl n.碗box n.盒子boy n.男孩, 少年brain n.脑(子);脑力, 智能。
名词一、名词的分类专有名词主要是指人名、地名或某类人或事物的名称,如Beijing,China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。
专有名词抽象名词不可数名词物质名词普通名词集体名词个体名词可数名词个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。
Proper Nouns:指人名、地名及某些人和事物专有的名称Eg: Diana; Beijing; Americans; English; May; New Year’s Day注意:专有名词的第一个字母要大写Common Nouns:一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词1. Individual Nouns: 指作为个体而存在的人或东西可以指具体的人或物。
Eg: aunts; a panda; apartments也可指抽象东西。
Eg: a year; fairy tales; a dream2. Collective Nouns: 表示若干个个体组成的集合体Eg: army; audience; crew; family; team; police; government; public集体名词有时作单数看待,有时作复数看。
一般来说,视为整体时作单数看,突出它的成员时作复数看。
His family _____ not large.His family ______ all music lovers.有少数集体名词通常用作单数。
Eg: The gang is being hunted by the police.Our company is sending him to work in Berlin.个别集体名词则多作复数看待。
Eg: The police are looking for him.3. Material Nouns: 指无法分为个体的物质。
高中英语语法总结大全之名词名词概论名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词(Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。
普通名词又可分为下面四类:1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。
归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:名词复数的规则变化其它名词复数的规则变化1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:two Marys the Henrysmonkey---monkeysholiday---holidays比较:层楼:storey ---storeysstory---stories2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:a. 加s,如:photo---photospiano---pianosradio---radioszoo---zoos;b. 加es,如:potato--potatoestomato—tomatoesc. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:a. 加s,如:belief---beliefsroof---roofssafe---safesgulf---gulfs;b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---livesthief---thieves;c. 均可,如:handkerchief:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves名词复数的不规则变化1)child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
名词一、名词的分类专有名词主要是指人名、地名或某类人或事物的名称,如Beijing,China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。
专有名词抽象名词不可数名词物质名词普通名词集体名词个体名词可数名词个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(Countable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。
Proper Nouns:指人名、地名及某些人和事物专有的名称Eg: Diana; Beijing; Americans; English; May; New Year’s Day注意:专有名词的第一个字母要大写Common Nouns:一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词1. Individual Nouns: 指作为个体而存在的人或东西可以指具体的人或物。
Eg: aunts; a panda; apartments也可指抽象东西。
Eg: a year; fairy tales; a dream2. Collective Nouns: 表示若干个个体组成的集合体Eg: army; audience; crew; family; team; police; government; public集体名词有时作单数看待,有时作复数看。
一般来说,视为整体时作单数看,突出它的成员时作复数看。
His family _____ not large.His family ______ all music lovers.有少数集体名词通常用作单数。
Eg: The gang is being hunted by the police.Our company is sending him to work in Berlin.个别集体名词则多作复数看待。
Eg: The police are looking for him.3. Material Nouns: 指无法分为个体的物质。
高考英语必考名词汇总在高考英语中,名词是必不可少的一部分。
掌握并熟练运用常见的名词,对于学生们取得好成绩至关重要。
下面是一份高考英语必考名词汇总,希望能够帮助学生们更好地备考。
1. Abundance - 充裕、丰富e.g. There is an abundance of food in the supermarket.2. Access - 进入、通道e.g. The students have access to the library for studying.3. Accommodation - 住宿e.g. The hotel offers comfortable accommodation for tourists.4. Accuracy - 准确性e.g. The accuracy of the experiment's results is crucial for its validity.5. Achievement - 成就e.g. Winning the competition was a great achievement for the team.6. Advantage - 优势e.g. Speaking a second language is an advantage in the job market.7. Agriculture - 农业e.g. The country heavily relies on agriculture for its economy.8. Air pollution - 空气污染e.g. The government is taking measures to reduce air pollution.9. Ambition - 雄心、抱负e.g. His ambition is to become a successful businessman.10. Analysis - 分析e.g. The analysis of the data showed some interesting patterns.11. Anxiety - 焦虑、忧虑e.g. He couldn't sleep due to his anxiety about the upcoming exam.12. Application - 应用、申请e.g. The use of technology has many applications in various industries.13. Approach - 方法、途径e.g. The teacher explained a new approach to solving math problems.14. Architecture - 建筑学e.g. The city is known for its unique architecture.15. Artistic - 艺术的e.g. She has a natural talent for artistic expression.16. Aspect - 方面e.g. The book explores different aspects of human nature.17. Assessment - 评估、评价e.g. The assessment of the students' performance will determine their grades.18. Atmosphere - 大气层、氛围e.g. The atmosphere in the theater was electric during the performance.19. Attitude - 态度e.g. Having a positive attitude can greatly impact one's success.20. Audience - 观众、听众e.g. The speaker captivated the audience with his inspiring words.21. Authority - 权威、当局e.g. The government has the authority to make and enforce laws.22. Awareness - 意识e.g. The campaign aims to raise awareness about environmental issues.23. Behavior - 行为e.g. The child's behavior in the classroom was disruptive.24. Bias - 偏见e.g. The reporter tried to present the news without bias.25. Biology - 生物学e.g. She is studying biology at university.26. Brief - 简报、摘要e.g. He gave a brief summary of his proposal.27. Budget - 预算e.g. The government needs to allocate the budget for various projects.28. Bureaucracy - **e.g. The company's bureaucracy slows down decision making.29. Career - 职业、生涯e.g. She is pursuing a career in medicine.30. Cause - 原因、事业e.g. The earthquake caused widespread destruction.31. Celebration - 庆祝e.g. The town held a celebration for its anniversary.32. Ceremony - 仪式、典礼e.g. The graduates attended the commencement ceremony.33. Challenge - 挑战e.g. Climbing Mount Everest was a great challenge for him.34. Change - 变化e.g. The weather underwent a sudden change.35. Character - 人物、性格e.g. The novel has many well-developed characters.36. Charity - 慈善机构、慈善事业e.g. They donated money to support a local charity.37. Chemistry - 化学e.g. He is majoring in chemistry at university.38. Childhood - 童年e.g. She has fond memories of her childhood.39. Choice - 选择e.g. You have to make a choice between the two options.40. Civilization - 文明e.g. Ancient Egypt was known for its advanced civilization.41. Climate - 气候e.g. The climate in this region is tropical.42. College - 大学e.g. He plans to attend college after high school.43. Commerce - 商业、贸易e.g. The town's economy is heavily dependent on commerce.44. Communication - 沟通e.g. Good communication is essential for a healthy relationship.45. Community - 社区e.g. The community came together to clean up the park.46. Competition - 竞争e.g. The competition for the job was fierce.47. Computer - 计算机e.g. She is skilled in computer programming.48. Concentration - 集中、专心e.g. She needs total concentration to solve the difficult math problem.49. Conclusion - 结论e.g. The experiment's conclusion supported the hypothesis.50. Conduct - 行为、举止e.g. The teacher praised the students for their good conduct.这是一个完整的高考英语必考名词汇总,涵盖了各个领域的常见名词。
高考英语名词常考点1.常考的动词变名词的后缀(1)al表示人、物、行为、状态approve赞成→approval赞成survive幸存→survival幸存arrive到达→arrival到达;到达者;到来物refuse拒绝→refusal拒绝propose提议→proposal提议;建议(2)ance/ence表示性质、状态或行为appear出现→appearance出现;外貌perform表演→performance表演exist存在→existence存在prefer较喜欢→preference偏爱refer参考;查阅→reference参考;查阅depend依靠→dependence依赖;依靠guide指引→guidance引导;指导(3)ion/tion/ation表示状态或行为direct指挥;指导→direction方向;指导expect期待→expectation期待;期望explain解释→explanation解释invite邀请→invitation邀请;请柬solve解决→solution解决compete竞争→competition比赛;竞争pronounce发音→pronunciation发音describe描述→description描写repeat重复→repetition重复(4)s(s)ion表示行为或状态discuss讨论→discussion讨论admit承认→admission承认;准许加入decide决定→decision决定impress使留下印象→impression印象(5)ing具有……(特征)的hear听→hearing听力;听觉listen听→listening听;听力begin开始→beginning开始部分(6)ment表示行为或结果achieve达到;完成→achievement成就develop发展→development发展argue争论→argument争论;论据(7)ure/ture表示行为或状态fail失败→failure失败press压;挤→pressure压力mix混合→mixture混合物expose暴露→exposure面临;暴露(8)y表示……的动作(或过程) recover恢复→recovery恢复;痊愈discover发现→discovery发现(9)其他常见变化:choose选择→choice选择vary相异→variety多样化;品种tend倾向→tendency趋向;趋势grow生长→growth生长marry结婚→marriage婚姻carry搬→carriage客车厢;运输pack收拾(行李)→package包;盒post邮寄→postage邮资;邮费store贮存→storage贮存2.常考的形容词变名词的后缀(1)cy表示性质、状态fluent流利的→fluency流利;流畅accurate准确的→accuracy准确(性) private私有的→privacy隐私efficient效率高的→efficiency效率(2)dom表示地位、状态等free自由的→freedom自由wise明智的→wisdom智慧(3)ness表示性质、状态dark黑的→darkness黑暗1weak虚弱的→weakness虚弱kind友好的→kindness善良cold寒冷的→coldness冷淡;冷漠aware知道的;意识到的→awareness知道;意识(4)th表示结果、过程、性质、状态warm温暖的→warmth温暖true真的→truth真相deep深的→depth深(度)strong强壮的→strength力量long长的→length长度wide宽的→width宽度(5)y/ty/ity表示性质或状态difficult困难的→difficulty困难honest诚实的→honesty诚实safe安全的→safety安全cruel残忍的→cruelty残忍responsible负责的→responsibility责任(6)ent变为ence,ant变为ance,nd变为nsedifferent不同的→difference不同(之处) silent沉默的;不说话的→silence寂静respond回应→response响应patient有耐心的→patience耐心absent缺席的→absence缺席present出席的→presence出席confident自信的→confidence信心convenient方便的→convenience便利important重要的→importance重要(性) defend防御;保卫→defense/defence防御;保护3.常用复数形式的名词congratulations(祝贺) regards(问候) respects(敬意;问候)thanks(谢谢)wishes(祝愿)等。
名词【知识精讲】名词是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称的词。
一、名词的数在熟悉可数名词单数变复数规那么的根底上,突出以下几点:1. 以s结尾,仍为单数的名词(多为学科名词),如:physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics, news , the United States2. 抽象名词表示具体或特定的事例时也可作可数名词,单数前面应有不定冠词。
如:(1) pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意为“...的人/ 物〞。
如:The meeting is a success.(2) worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等不可数名词,指“一种〞、“一场〞及“多种〞、“多场〞时,可以有其单、复数形式。
如:There have been strong winds over the last two months.(3) a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of等已形成固定形式。
如:He has a good practical knowledge of computer science.3. 表示一类事物的总称的名词,不能加-s ,如:machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence4. 一些名词单数和复数形式表达不同的意思,如:chicken鸡肉/ chickens小鸡; fish鱼肉/ fishes( fish )各种鱼; paper纸/ papers试卷; water水/ waters水域,room空间/ rooms房间5. 只有复数形式的名词,如:glasses 〔眼镜〕,trousers, clothes,scissors等,注意加单位名词的用法:a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers6. 一些名词形式上虽是单数,但表示的是复数含义,如:people , police, cattle, staff, public, the +adj., the + 分词;〔表示一类人〕7. 以复数形式出现,表达复数含义,如:belongings, surroundings, earnings, savings, shoes, socks, goods, thanks, congratulations, funds, pains, arms, troops8. 集合名词看成一个整体时,谓语用单数,假设侧重各个成员,那么用复数,如:audience,class,couple,crowd,family,group,government,public●The average family is a great deal smaller than it used to be.●My family are going with me.9. 单复数同形的名词,如:fish, deer, sheep, youth, Chinese, Japanese, means, species, crossroads, series, works, li〔里〕, yuan 〔元〕, mu〔亩〕等●How many deer are there in Dafeng now?10. 合成名词构成复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数,如果没有主体名词,那么将最后一个局部变为复数,如:sons-in-law, passers-by, story-tellers, breakfasts, housewives11. 不规那么名词的“数〞,如:woman -women, child-children, ox -oxen, tooth -teeth, goose -geese,foot -feet, mouse -mice, phenomenon-phenomena, analysis-analyses,12 .专有名词的“数〞,如:史密斯一家人the Smiths 两个玛丽two Marys13. 非名词类词汇的“数〞,如:缩写,数字,字母的复数常用加’s的方法来构成three a’s; two but’s; in one’s twenties; in the 1980’s(1980s)●Nothing is in good order but at sixes and sevens. 乱七八糟●You mightn’t as well use so many and’s in your conversation.14. 注意以下名词为不可数名词:advice, baggage, change(零钱), equipment, furniture, fun ,hair, homework, information, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic.二、名词所有格英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,1. 单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如:the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。
常见名词词汇第一天1.sense五种感觉官能;辨别力,理解力,领悟力,识别力;常识,见识;意义a sense of hearing/sight/smell/taste/toucha sense of humor/direction/shame/responsibilitycommon sense常识What’s the sense/point of doing sth?feeling知觉,感觉,感触,态度,看法feelings感情mood心境,情绪in a good /bad moodspirit精神,心灵,灵魂,勇气,心态,烈酒,酒精spirits精神状态,情绪,心境in high/low spirits temper脾气,心情,性情,心境lose one’s temper发脾气2.idea主意,想法get the idea 理解have no idea (don’t know)mind头脑,心思,才智,人的思想,注意力,记性be sound in mind and body身心健康bear/keep sb/sth in mind 记住----have sth in mind 考虑-----make up one’s mindout of one’s mind 发狂absence of mindopinion意见,看法,主张in one’s opinion/in their opinionthought思考,思想,思潮,看法,想法,意见,意向,意图(on)second thought(s)(经重新考虑后)改变的想法(又一想)lost in thought 陷入沉思view视野,(从某种角度看到的)风景,个人的意见,态度;(对问题的)想法,见解in one’s view 在某人看来in view of 鉴于,由于,考虑到point地点,位置;某一时刻,阶段;地步,程度;要点,论点,见解,观点You’ve got the point there你说得对。
Let’s come/get to the point 说正事。
(切入正题)There’s no point in doing sthbe on the point of doing sth(be about to do sth)----when----to the point 中肯,恰当a point of view 观点,态度,看法(viewpoint)第二天3.ability能力force暴力,武力,影响力,部队,(法律的)权威,威力;风、雨或其它自然现象的力量air forces 空军power能力,智力,操纵力,政权,职权,权力,动力power failure电力中断beyond one’s powerstrength体力,力气,实力,长处fuel燃料energy干劲,精力,活力,能量,能源material材料,原料,资料resource资源source发源地,源头,来源,出处origin起点,开端,来源,出身第三天item条款,项目、商品article物件,物品,(报刊上的)文章information通知,告知,情报,消息,资料message(以书面、口头、无线电等形式向某人传送的)信息,消息,要求等get the message明白,理解,领悟,知悉news新闻,消息(word)notice通知,警告,布告,公告,告示,启示take no notice of ---不注意,不理会----- note注意,笔记,摘记,注释take note of ----注意-----第四天4.reward报酬,酬金,赏金prize(给予获胜者的)奖,奖金,奖品,奖励;(彩票的)彩金the first prizeaward助学金,奖金,奖品,奖状fee报名费,服务费,费用tuition学费fund专款,基金,资金pension养老金,退休金admission入场费scholarship奖学金capital资本,资金,大写字母,首都interest利息profit利润change零钱fine罚款pocket money零花钱bill帐单check支票expense费用,花费at one’s expense 由某人付费cost成本,代价at the cost of ---第五天5.bank(湖、河)岸堤coast海岸,海岸线,沿岸地区(海洋与陆地的分界线)(地理名词)seaside海边的地区,城镇beach海滨,海滩,沙滩,(较为平坦、覆盖着沙子或碎石、适宜于游泳与日光浴)shore指比邻大片水的陆地,既包括beach,也可以指岩石突兀或陡峭的岸边6.scene自然风景;现实生活中的情景;(戏剧或电影中的)片段或场面,一场,一段情节;事发地点on the scene 在现场view从高处或远处看到的风景sight风景名胜,人造景观,视力,视野scenery风景的总称第六天7.case事例,情形,实情,情况,病例,案例If that is the case果真如此condition条件,状况,环境(复数),健康情况,状态,处境in good /bad/poor condition状况好/坏on one condition倘若on condition thatsituation状况,处境,局面,形势state状态,状况,情形,国家position职位,工作,位置,看法,观点post职位,工作,邮件,信件profession职业career事业occupation工作,职业statue雕塑status身份,地位background背景occasion场合,时刻on occasion偶尔第七天8.accident(偶发的)事故by accidentincident事情,发生的小事,敌对行动,军事冲突,骚乱,暴力事件matter事情,问题,情况,物质(u.)It is a matter of personal taste/conscience. business商业,贸易,公司;职责,理应关心的事Business is business.公事公办。
Mind your own business.别管闲事。
get down to business言归正传on business出差thing(普通用词)things形势,情况event重大事件,竞赛项目affair事务current affairs、foreign/world affairs第八天9.sign记号,符号,牌子,招牌,指示牌,示意动作,痕迹,迹象,征兆signa l信号,手势,暗号mark痕迹,污点,斑点,记号,符号,迹象,标记,标签,分数spot污迹,斑点,地点,场所on the spot立即,当场;在现场,到现场symptom症状10.pause暂停,停顿(讲话中的停顿)stop停止,中止,停留,逗留rest睡眠或休息的(时间)(不表示确切的时间长短,而是指在一活动之后需要松弛的一段时间)break(时间的)间隙(尤指工作期间的),停歇(尤指工间或课间的休息)第九天11.reason用以解释做某事的原因或理由cause事物发生的原因excuse借口explanation解释description叙述,描述,描绘,形容expression表达,表情looks容貌,相貌appearance外表,外貌;出现,到来purpose目的,意图on purposeattempt尝试the first attempt 第一次尝试desire渴望,渴求,欲望第十天intention意图expectation期望live up to one’s expectation direction方向,指示,旅行指南,说明书,用法说明,操作说明in the direction-----朝着-----方向instructions用法说明,操作指南,吩咐,命令,指示,(计算机)指令survey调查introduction序言,引言,入门课程,导论,介绍,引见,推行,引进guide指南technique技艺,工艺,技术,技能content内容questionnaire调查表,问卷poll民意测验,民意调查,选举投票,第十一天12.agreement协定,协议,合约deal交易,协议It’s a deal.我同意你的条件。
(成交)bargain讨价还价,便宜的东西It’s a bargain.这可是便宜货。
13.practic e惯例,惯常的做法habit(个人)习惯,习性,脾性custom习俗,风俗the Customs 海关customs关税rule规则,规章,规定,条例,惯常的做法He makes it a rule never to borrow money.他从不--as a rule在多数情况下,通常route路线,(车)常规路线routine常规,例行程序,正常顺序daily routine日常生活trend趋势,趋向,动向,动态tendency趋势,趋向,偏好,偏向14.valuables贵重物品value价值(观)treasure极爱的人,极有价值的东西;财富,珠宝15.branch分支机构,分行chain连锁商店;链子,锁链第十二天16.distance距离average平均,平均数room空间(u.n)space(c.n)experience经验(u.n),经历(c.n)manners礼貌character品质,特性,人物,角色,汉字feature特色,特征atmosphere气氛,氛围,大气层phenomenon现象17.equipment设备,器材,配备,装备(u.n)device装置,仪器,器具,设备,手段,策略,方法,技巧appliance(家用)电器,器具instrument乐器,器械,仪器,器具,仪表facility设施,设备第十三天18.benefit优势,益处be of benefit =be beneficial advantage有利条件,优势,优点,有利因素take advantage of ----interest兴趣,show interest in/take an interest in趣味,利息,好处,利益,股份shortcomings缺点,短处mistake错误,口误,失误by mistake/make mistakes fault过错,过失,弱点,缺点,缺陷,毛病,故障error错误,差错,谬误19.track足迹,踪迹,小道,小径,跑道keep/lose track of ---了解/不了解---动态,与---保持(失去)联系trick诡计,花招,骗局,把戏,技巧trace痕迹,遗迹,踪迹,轨迹trap陷阱,圈套,诡计第十四天20.times倍数,时期,时代,年代stage时期,阶段,舞台period时期,一段时间,时代,学时,课course课程;(船或飞机的)航向,航线;一道菜;进程main course主菜21.taste品味,味道,爱好to one’s taste符合某人的口味It’s a matter of personal taste.是个人爱好问题。