海员英语面试164条(船长、大副、二副、三副适用)详解

就船上的值班和所承担的任务分工来看，三副也是甲板部非常重要的职位。

但是，考虑到三副毕竟在船上的工作时间不会很长，经验也不会很多，所以考官对三副的问题一般不会很复杂，主要是集中在职位范围内的一些问题，如救生、消防设备的维护和保管、吃水的测量、应急反应、值班时应注意的问题等等。

也可能会问及《国际安全管理规则》（ISM）以及《公司安全管理体系》方面的知识和问题。

有些公司的三副可能还要承担一些二副的工作职责，所以，三副也应该参考一下二副的问题。

1. Can you tell me about your educational background and working experience as a seaman?For example: I graduated from Dalian Maritime University in July 1999. Since April, 1999, I began my seamen career. I have worked on two ships. On the first ship, I worked as a deck cadet for 10 months. On the second ship, I worked as a 3/O for nearly a year.2. Can you tell me about your last vessel?My last ship was a general cargo sailing globally, but mainly from European ports to the US and Canada port. I worked on that vessel for 13 months as third officer.3. What are your responsibilities as a Third Officer?(1) To perform sea watches and cargo watch, from 0800~1200 and 2000~2400 hours(2) To assist the Chief Officer in supervising cargo handling operation(3) To measure the draft at the discretion of the Chief Officer or the Master(4) To assist the Master on the bridge with anchoring and mooring and unmooring operation is underway(5) To inspect communication systems and important items related to the navigational system and other department before leaving port or shifting anchorage(6) To maintain the life-saving appliances and fire fighting equipment and make records in the maintenance log and inventory book(7) To do some paper work and other jobs assigned by the Master4. When do you call the Master to the Bridge?If the master were not in the bridge room, according to some rules and my experience, I would call the master to the bridge under the following circumstances.When I do not know the correct actions to take.When the giving away vessel does not give away as a rule and cannot get into contact with it. When navigational equipment fails to respondWhen receiving the distress callWhen navigational marks are missing or in the expected time, and did not see the marksWhen the depth sounding do not have expected resultWhen entry into heavy traffic, low visibility areasWhen main engine speed decreases or breakdownWhen approaching the poor visibility areasAnd when the vessel is in danger and I am not sure how to react.5. Who is responsible for the LSA and FFE equipment on board a ship?LSA means Life Saving Apparatus; FFE means Fire Fighting Equipment. The Third Officer is responsible for the maintenance of all these apparatus. The maintenance records should be logged.6. How often and what do you inspect the lifeboats?Usually I inspect and test the important parts of the lifeboat on a weekly basis. My checking points include attachment to the hull, lifeline, handrail, and the condition of rudder, fuel oil tanks, freshwater, and food and so on. After checking, I make records in the maintenance book and log book.7. What actions should you take while you find fire in the cabin?I should sound the fore alarm first, and then inform the bridge, the engine room and the Master immediately. And I will use the portable fire extinguisher to put out the fire the soonest possible if the fire is not that serious. The same time, I shall watch the fire carefully and wait for the fire-fighting team assistance. When the fire fighting team is in their respective position, I will come to my position on the Fire Muster List.8. What do you know about ISM code? What are DOC and SMC?For answer to the first question, please refer to the Questions and Reference Answers for the Master.DOC means Document of Compliance. It is issued to a shipping company by a classification society or a maritime administration. SMC means Safety Management Certificate. It is issued to a ship by a classification society or a maritime administration.9. Why must you check the compass error between the gyro and magnetic during the watch?The duty officer should check the difference between the two compasses at least every hour. If significant error between magnetic and gyrocompass is found, compasses must be adjusted and corrected immediately. If there the gyrocompass breaks down, I shall immediately report it to the Master.10. How do you check the ship’s position when you keep the anchor watch and which way is the best?I can use three ways i.e. Radar fixing, GPS fixing, landmark fixing to get the vessel’s position and define the anchor position. But I think the best way is radar fixing because it is more precise and reliable. For the sake of safety, instead of using only one means, all the other ways available should be used. At the same time, lookout is still very important.11. What preparations should you make in anticipation of the PSC inspection on board the ship?I should check very carefully the FFE and LSA to make sure they function well. I should also make sure that all the logs and records of the FFE and LSA and the drills are available for inspection.12. How do you check the CO2 System?The CO2 system is the fixed fire fighting system. I do the checks according to the checklist. First, the date of last service, CO2 pipelines and bottles should be checked. The air blow test should be carried out to make sure that the system works well enough. Certificates also need to be checked to make sure they are up-to-date. The weight of the CO2 in the bottles should be tested at regular interval.13. During cargo watch, what should the Third Officer on duty do?According to the cargo stowage plan, the Third Officer must ensure the safety of the personnel, the cargo and the ship. He should watch and supervise the loading operation and cargo stowing, and report the accident and abnormalities, if any, to the Chief Officer. The Third Officer should keep watch on the weather, the mooring conditions, sea and vicinity condition, and check the draft regularly. All records should be make in the logbook.14. What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC) rate on board?According to some rules and regulations, the BAC shall not be more than 0.04% by weight of the blood any time when being tested. But watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholicbeverage 4 hours before their watch. Anyway, I shall refer to the SMS manual of the company to get some more detailed regulation in this regard.15. When RADAR, ARPAR and other positioning system are in use, does the use of these apparatus relieve your duty of look-out as a watch-keeper?No, the working of these apparatus does not relieve the watch officer of his duty to maintain a proper look-out at all time. You can not depend on the machines too much. Lookout (deck watch) is always very important, especially in some passages, in side the port and in some dangerous sailing areas. Delayed actions will possibly give rise to big accidents.16. When the vessel departs the port, what preparation shall the Master do?(1) He shall make various principal calculations such as the tide, current and the time of sun-rise and sun-set that is necessary for securing safety during port entry of departure.(2) Check to see that the disembarkation of the visitors and the embarkation or disembarkations of supernumeraries in accordance with the safety management records.(3) Check to see that the deck crews are on board.(4) Prepare and check signal flags, make sure that Port Clearance and other formalities are well prepared.(5) Make sure that the pilotage and tug service are prepared.17. How often do you check and correct the chronometer (天文钟)?I shall check and correct it on daily basis. The record of each correction shall be put into the record book. Besides, the chronometer shall be sent ashore for cleaning during each shipyard repair period.18. When working on the bridge, when do you call the engine room for information?(1) Whenever necessary to ascertain that engine room and bridge clocks are synchronized(2) At least one hour before starting or ending a sea passage(3) As soon as it appears that engine operation maneuvers may be required, with one hour’s notice if possible(4) Whenever the ship machinery operation may be affected by weather or other condition changes, such as shallow water approach, concentration of marine life or seaweed, ice in water, or change of trim or draft due to ballasting shifting(5) One hour before inert gas system operation is required (for tanker)(6) One hour before steam is required on deck(7) Whenever the temperature falls to 2degree centigrade to prevent damage to equipment(8) At least one hour before the standby generator is required(9) As soon as an excessive some is to be turned(10) Whenever the cargo pumps are used(11) One hour prior to getting underway.19. When you join a vessel, what should you do first?First, I shall report to the master and familiarize myself with the Emergency Card in the cabin and the Muster Lists, and crewmen including the master the other officers and seamen on board the vessel. Second, with accompaniment of the relieved the 3/O, I shall have an inspection of those items the 3/O is responsible for. I shall discuss immediately with the master on any unsatisfactory conditions, including equipment malfunctions. I shall also take over all the documents the 2/O shall take care of. Lastly, I shall prepare for getting underway. I shall test the draft of the vessel and report the result to the C/O.A good handover with the relieved 3/O is very important thing for me.20. Please tell some parts of a lifeboat in English.For instance, manrope, oars, ration, securing gears, launch tracks, slip gear, sea anchor, sea plug davit, roll, harbor pin, canvas roof, fresh water fishing gear, medicine, axe, provisions, sail makers lather palm, sail makers needle, grommet, serving boards, serving mallets, round mallets, wood hand fids, hatch wedge, art guards, life jackets, lifejacket lights, lifebuoys, thermal protector, radar reflector, bailer, hatchets, sponges, lifeboat oil lamps, inflatable life jacket, immersion suit, matches, life-saving signal, survival manual, waterproof electric torch, boathooks, and so on.以上词汇供参考，并不是要求大家把所有的词汇都能记下来。

南京远洋运输股份有限公司海监室船员面试应答题（英语部分）（二副）1.What is DP in ISM code ?DP stands for Designated Person(s) . His(their) responsibility includes monitoring Safety, pollution prevention aspects on the behalf of shipowner.2.If one of crew on board is seriously ill, whom will you contact with ?Many methods.one of the methods is to contact with the shipowner,and obtain the instructions from the shipowner,or you can ask the agent from the nearest harbour to arrange hospital admission.3.How often will you perform a firefighting drill ? Who controls on the spot ?Once a month. The C/O takes charge of the drill on the spot. If the drill occurs in the engine room, C/E takes charge of the drill on the spot.4.How many maritime publications are available for your vessel? Who takes care of them ?Many publications are available for our vessel. Such as Port to Entry, Admiralty Sailing Directions, Admiralty List of Light, Admirality List of Radio Signals, Admiralty Tide Tables, Annual Summary of Admiralty Notice to Mariners. The second Officer takes care of them. In addition, Chief Engineer keeps equipment specifications and publications for Engineer Department.5.How to perform Master’s Inspection ?If possible, master must inspect the vessel daily. The inspective places includes: messroom, galley to be visited daily; store room reefer compartments,washrooms, toilet, accommodation to be sighted at least a week in order to keep a standard sanitation and cleanliness.6.If the master were not on board, who would assume his responsibilities?According to SMS and common practice, senior deck officer(C/O)will take over the responsibilities.7.What is main task for second officer ?He is responsible for ensuring all charts, publications required for intended voyage are available,and kept corrected; He is under the direction of the master with laying off courses and preparation of the Passage Plan. Fix daily noon position report to the master and C/E;He is responsible for maintaining of Navigation Watch on the bridge at periods of 0000—0400 and1200—1600 hours,He is responsible for correct operation of all navigation equipment and correct maintenance in close cooperation with the Electric Engineer; He is responsible for mooring or unmooring ,He is responsible for duties as directed by C/O;He is responsible for winding or checking all chronometers and clocks.keep good care of all optical instruments on board ,sextants,binoculars,azimuth rings etc. .He is responsible for keeping Deck Logbook, Abstract Log, Chronometers Log and Record Books of all navigational equipment;He is responsible for keeping a book contained all navigation warning;8.supposed you transit the English channel and you meet ship on the opposite course, whichaction would you take? What sound will you use to warn? How far will you use signal? How far will you take action?Quickly determine which ship is strand-on vessel and which vessel is give-a way vessel, I will sound singal to warn the vessel, the best distance is no less than 4 n mile.。

二副：（内贸和远洋共同部分）业务知识：1.二副在船上的职责主要有哪些？（1.在船长、大副的领导下履行航行和停泊值班职责，主管驾驶设备包括通导设备和图书资料、旗号；2.开航前按照船长指示备好图书资料、旗号等，制定航次计划、设计航线；3.船舶靠泊或移泊的时候在船尾按照船长的指示指挥工作。

）画航线时，在海图上你会标注哪些内容？罗经航向、计划航向、距离、转向点经纬度等2.谈谈如何进行航线设计？要注意哪些问题，知道航行计划应该泊位到泊位吗？3.你知道平行避险线吗？4.最低富裕水深是怎么计算出来的？（富余水深=最小安全水深-最大吃水（出发港）-咸淡水差-船体下沉量-横倾增加吃水-半波高+路上油水消耗）（富余水深=在计算最低富裕水深时，要考虑船舶航行时会“下座”（SQUAT），你知道它与哪些因素有关，能定量地计算出来吗？(船长L、船宽B、吃水d、排水量D、航道水深H、船舶航速V、船舶方形系数Cb、船舶纵向吃水差t、水深傅汝德系数Frh=V/√gH。

5.谈谈你是如何对海图图书进行改正的？T&P通告如何处理？6.测试过雷达应答器（SART）吗？在哪个雷达上可以显示出来？（X波段雷达）显示什么样的东西？（12个亮点，大约距离是8海里，每两个亮点的距离大约是海里，当SART距离在一海里的时候，亮点会变成宽弧，如果更近甚至变成同心圆。

当搜救船看见以上图像是应当减速）7.VDR有哪些功能？IMO对VDR提供信息的要求有哪些？（采集船位、航速、航向、驾驶台声音、通信声音、雷达图像、水深、主报警、舵操作和响应、主机操作和响应、船体开口状态、水密门防火门状态、加速度和船体应力和风速、风向（绿色字体内容SVDR不强制要求）8.如何消除磁罗经气泡？（磁罗经液体的成份是45%的医用纯酒精和55%的二次蒸馏水的混合液体。

如果磁罗经出现气泡，我们在船上可自行配制磁罗经液体，利用针筒之类的东西把液体注入磁罗经侧面一个螺丝开口直至气泡消除为止）。

海员英语面试101条（船长、大副、二副、三副适用）1、What do you know about IMSBC Code?MSBC code refers to IMO’s Bulk Cargo Code. In this code, bulk cargo operation procedures are stated. This is a very important manual and the chief officer must study it with care and follow the instruction in the code in practical work, especially when he makes the stowage plan.2、The ISM Code required preventive maintenance schedules. How do you make your maintenance schedules?安全管理规则要求做到预防性维护。

你如何作出预防性维护计划? According to the ISM Code, the preventive maintenance plan is made based on the ship’s “Planned Maintenance System”and the machinery running hours records. This plan should be made on an annual basis(or a five-year basis). Usually, the monthly maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance plan and the basic occasional maintenance work.根据ISM规则，预防维护计划是基于船舶的“PMS”和机械运转时间记录来制定的。

大副面试问题及参考答案第1页大副面试问题及参考答案大副是甲板上仅次于船长的“第二把手”。

大副的好坏直接关系到船舶、货物和人身安全。

经验表明，船东在面试大副时也是相当严格和认真的。

主要集中在货物的配载、装卸货、货物的保管、货物单据、管理能力、协调能力等方面。

而对于特种船来说，对有关货物装卸货的有关规定等也要熟知。

此外，有关ISM/SMS及其他公约、PSC检查以及船东内外审时的提问也是一个非常重要的部分。

下面整理了一部分面试试题，供参考。

我们建议，大副不但要准备下面的一些问题，也应该看看有关船长及二副和三副的有关问题，这样才能达到融会贯通的目的。

1. Can you tell me about your educational background and working experience?A reference answer:I graduated from Jimei Navigation College in 1992. I studied there for three years. I have worked as a seamen on eight ships for nearly ten years. I have the experience of Chief Officer for two ships. I have worked both Chinese and foreign shipowners in the past ten years.2. Can you tell me the responsibilities of the Chief Officer?Under the leadership of the Master, the Chief Officer shall carry out the daily management of the deck department, and he is also responsible for cargo handling. The specific duties include:(1) watch-keeping from 0400-0800 hours and 1600-2000 hours;(2) safety of the ship and work place, safety equipment;(3) daily safety and sanitary inspection;(4) store and spare parts inventory management;(5) maintenance on de ck;(6) stowage plan making;(7) supervision of the loading and unloading process;(8) cargo caring on board;(9) some other work and duties designated by the master of the vessel.3. Can you talk about the previous ve ssels (last ve ssel) you worked on board?It was an ocean-going ship, but it mainly loaded cargoes in Asia and discharged in Europe. It was an old ship about 14 years old. But the general condition of the ship was quite good because we did very good maintenance work ob board.4. What types of cargoes have ever been carried on board your last vessel?I have worked on bulk carriers and general cargo vessels and I have experienced a lot of cargo handling.这是一个很重要的问题，因为大副的一个很重要职务便是货物管理。

三副面试问题三副面试问题1. can you tell me about your educational background and working experience as a seaman?for example: i graduated from dalian maritime university in july 1999. since april, 1999, i began my seamen career. i have worked on two ships. on the first ship, i worked as a deck cadet for 10 months. on the second ship, i worked as a 3/o for nearly a year.2. can you tell me about your last vessel?my last ship was a general cargo sailing globally, but mainly from european ports to the us and canada port. i worked on that vessel for 13 months as third officer.3. what are your responsibilities as a third officer?(1) to perform sea watches and cargo watch, from 0800~1200 and 2000~2400 hours(2) to assist the chief officer in supervising cargo handling operation(3) to measure the draft at the discretion of the chief officer or the master(4) to assist the master on the bridge with anchoring and mooring and unmooring operation is underway(5) to inspect communication systems and important items related to the navigational system and other department before leaving port or shifting anchorage(6) to maintain the life-saving appliances and fire fighting equipment and make records in the maintenance log and inventory book(7) to do some pa-pe-r work and other jobs assigned by themaster4. when do you call the master to the bridge?if the master were not in the bridge room, according to some rules and my experience, i would call the master to the bridge under the following circumstances.when i do not know the correct actions to take.when the giving away vessel does not give away as a rule and cannot get into contact with it.when navigational equipment fails to respondwhen receiving the distress callwhen navigational marks are missing or in the expected time, and did not see the markswhen the depth sounding do not have expected resultwhen entry into heavy traffic, low visibility areaswhen main engine speed decreases or breakdownwhen approaching the poor visibility areasand when the vessel is in danger and i am not sure how to react.5. who is responsible for the lsa and ffe equipment on boarda ship?。

大副面试英语1.can you tell me about your educational backgroud and workingexperience?A reference answer:I graduated from Nantong navigation college in 1987. I studied therefor two and half years. I have worked as a seamen on ten ships for seventeen years. I have the experience of chief officer on two ships for twelve months. One ship is J.TONG, which registered port is HONGKONG. The another ship is J.KING, which registered port is Kingstown. Up to now, I have worked for Jiangsu ocean shipping company in the past seventeen years. JOSCO now changed his name to Jiangsu ocean shipping limited company. I just ceased contract with them. I want to work for freign shipowner for next ten years. This is my first face-to-face interview. I will try my best. Thank you.2.can you tell me the responsibilities of the chief officer?Under the leadership of the master, the chief officer shall carry out the daily management of the deck department, and he is also responsible for cargo handling. The specific duties include:1) watch-keeping from 0400-0800 hours and 1600-2000 hourswhen underway or at anchor;2) safety of the ship and work place, safety equipment;3)daily safety and sanitary inspection;4)store and spare parts inventory management;5)maintenance on deck;6)stowage plan making;7)supervision of the loading and unloading process;8)cargo caring on board;9)some other work and duties designated by the master of the vessel 3.can you talk about the previous vessel you worked on board.It was an ocean-going ship, but is mainly loaded and discharging cargoes in Asia. It was an old ship built at 1994. But the general condition of the ship was quite good because we did very good maintenance work on board.4.what types of cargoes have ever been carried on board your lastvessel?I have worked on container and general cargo vessels and I haveexperienced a lot of cargo handling.5.where was your last vessel’s trading (plying , sailing) area?It was an ocean-going ship, but it mainly loaded and discharged cargoes in Asia . She has ever been to many countries such as China, Japan , Korea, Thailand , Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia and so on..6.did you have the experience of working with foreign crews? Whatwere their nationalities?No, I never worked with foreign crews. But I have experiences of goodcooperation with foreigner as a ship’s officer. I respect foreigner and dare to control them on board as a chief officer according to company’s SMS.Or: But The last two vessels I worked on had crew from several countries. The masters were from Indian, the chief engineers were from Hong Kong and Philippine and other seamen were from china, Indian, Burma and Vietnam.7.can you tell me how to make a stowage plan?Based on the capacity of the hold, the stowage factors, types of cargo, loading and discharging ports rotation, I shall calculate the volume of the cargo that is to be loaded into different holds. Then I shall calculate the draft of the vessel and trimming, shear force , bending moment and GoM to meet the requirements of the ship. At last, stowage plan is made based on these factors.8.what does a stowage factor of mean?how many cubic meters is needed to stow one metric ton of certain goods, it is the meaning of stowage factor. Stowage factors should include allowance for dunnage, irregular size of certain goods, pallets and something else. Even the most carefully determined stowage factor is not absolute and it should be used only as a guide while planning cargo disposition.9.if there happens stevedore damage to cargo, equipment of ship’sstructure in the loading or discharging ports, what should you do?If damage happens, I must record it first and then report it in an appropriate written form to the master and other parties concerned.The report must be signed by the liable parties admitting they have (or have not) responsibility for the damage. The damage report shall be carefully worded and shall be supported with photos and other evidence, if any. The damage report should also include the following contents: ship’s name, voyage number, date, geographical location, name of the person who took the photos and his signature, location where the photo was taken, and what is intended to show.10.w hat precautions do you have to take before cargo operation is carriedout?I shall check the pre-cargo operation check lists to make sure that noitem is missing. The following procedures are to be adopted:1)the chief officer shall make a cargo operation plan, in which thefollowing factors shall be considered: the cargo must be stowed insuch way that the stability, trim, shearing forces and bendingmoments are within the limits as laid down by the stability manual;excessive weight on tank tops , tweendecks and hatch covers mustbe avoided; and cargo must be stowed and secured in such way asto avoid damage—which can result in possible loss of life orproperty.2)Pre-operation conference with all ship’s personnel to be involvedin the cargo operation should be held to discuss such matters as cargo disposition, numbers of gangs and working hours, usual and special safety requirements, ballasting and de-ballasting information, special requirements regarding cargo operation , damage prevention and control, personnel organization, cargo watch etc. the chief officer must ensure that all relevant personnel have fully understood the intended cargo and all usual and special safety operational requirements.11.w hat will you do if cargo damage is found or suspected before loadingor during loading?I shall report to the master first and foremost. The master shoulddecide whether to replace the damaged cargo. For the full-set machines and high-valued products I must ask for the replacement in the loading port if damages are found. If the damaged cargoes cannot be replaced, the chief mate shall make remarks on the mate’s receipt.If disputes happen on the quantity and quality of the cargoes, I shall, at the discretion of the master, ask the cargo surveyor to do the survey. If necessary, under the endorsement of the ship owner, I shall write a letter of protest(based on the format provided by the company) to prove the innocence of the seamen on board.During the voyage, if a very small amount of cargo is damaged, withthe permission of the master, I shall throw it away into the sea to avoid any disputes with any third party.12.w hat are the differences between the bill of lading and the mate’sreceipt?A tally sheet is the basis of the mate’s receipt. The mate’s receipt is thebasis of the B/L. the condition of the cargo is clearly shown on the mate’s receipt. It is very important to make sure that the cargo condition on the bill of lading is the same as that on the mate’s receipt.The mate’s receipt is the legal evidence of the cargo received and the B/L is the legal evidence of the cargo ownership. If the consigner wants the master to issue a clean B/L on the basis of unclean mate’s receipt, the master firstly must ask for permission from the company.If the company agrees, the consigner must issue reliable letter of indemnity or letter of guarantee.13.i f the draft survey proves a shortage of cargo after loading incompleted, what will you do apart from reporting to the master? Will you make any remarks on the mate’s receipt?In the case, I shall report the problem to the master first. With the permission of the master, I shall ask the third party surveyor to do the survey. If the survey shows there is shortage or damage of the cargo, I shall write remarks on the mate’s receipt showing the loss or damage or shortage.The third party is to be invited to make the objective report on the real quantity of the volume of the cargo. If the cargo is proved to be in shortage, I shall write remarks on the mate’s receipt.14.w hat do you know about the ISM code and SMS? How many chaptersare there in the ISM code(as amended)? What are these chapters?The ISM code is the International Safety Management Code. The purpose of this code is to provide an internatioal standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention. The objectives of the code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment and to property.The 16 chapters of ISM Code are :general, safety and environment protection policy, company responsibilities and authority, designated person(s), master’s responsibilities and authority, resources and personnel, development of plans for shipboard operation, emergency preparedness , reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents and hazardous occurrences, maintenance of the ship and equipment, documentation, company control, certification and periodical verification, verification, interim certification, and forms of certificates, the last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM code.SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad basedon the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS74. the shipowner of manager cannot get document of compliance(DOC) and SMC without audited Safety Management Certificate (SMC) by Class designated by the flag registry country administration. Every company should develop, implement and maintain a safety management system(SMS).15.w hat do observation, non-conformity and major non-conformity meanrespectively?Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the non-fulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this code.16.h ave you experienced any on-board internal audit before?The onboard internal audit is carried out at the discretion of the designated person of the owner. When the auditors come on board, the seamen should give full support to them. If observation or non-conformity items are found in the audit, these items should betreated with due diligence and rectified on time.As the chief officer, I should be very familiar with the operation and calibration of the gas detector and the loading computer.17.w hat is garbage management plan?The MARPOL 73/78 requires that a garbage management plan should be developed in accordance with the IMO guidelines on board almost all ships. The plan includes the procedures for garbage collection, separation, processing and disposal, as well as the management and requirements of garbage processing equipment, implementation of the plan and crew responsibilities. All processing work should be recorded in the garbage book.18.h ow do you carry out the deck machinery maintenance/on board the last vessel, I often ordered my bosun to organize the deck crew to maintain such equipment as windlass, steering engine, derrick, crane, wires, meters and winch. Chipping and greasing are also among their daily routines as per the PMS(planned maintenance system).All maintenance plans for the machines in the deck department shall be made by the chief officer.19.a s the chief officer, what precautions do you have to take to preparefor the PSC inspection?The chief officer should arrange for the checks of the following items: LSA and FFE equipment, garbage disposal records, gangway safety,ballasting system, sanitary condition, especially in the accommodation area, the galley, provision stores, cargo operation safety and documents. Besides, the chief officer should follow the master’s instructions in organizing the emergency drill.20.w hat precaution do you have to take before entering an enclosedspace?I shall nominate the standby personnel and prepare the ventilation,breathing tool, connecting signals, oxygen, air and poisonous gases testing equipment, and other necessary equipment according to the checklist. I shall then get the master’s signature on the checklist.21.w hat checks do you have made before any hot work is permitted?I must make sure of the following:There is no gas leakage on cargo deck or pump room area;The nearby places shall be free of inflammable materials or gases and portable extinguishers are available;The area where the hot work is done is not piles with solvents of any kind, including diesel oil, kerosene, paint , cleaners and thinners;Gas testing is also important to make sure no flammable or toxic gas is present at the work site and that the oxygen content is 21% by volume;Ventilation condition should also be checked before any hot work is done.The master’s approval must be obtained under all circumstances.While in port22.o n board your previous vessels, how often did you conduct afire-fighting drill?I carried out a fire fighting drill at least once every month.23.w hat are the chief officer’s responsibilities with regards to cargooperation?The chief officer is in charge of safe handling of all cargo operation.He must submit all cargo plans to the master for approval and discuss any critical stage of cargo operation with the master, he is responsible for making cargo records, time sheets, port logs and other paperwork related to cargo operation. He must also prepare cargo operation order and get all duty officers to read and understand it.24.w hat are the chief officer’s responsibilities with regard to deckmaintenance?The chief officer should prepare the deck maintenance schedule—both the long-term and short-term ones—and discuss the schedule with the master. He is in charge of the deck department personnel and should oversee their maintenance work. He should also write the monthly maintenance report.25.w hen the charted depth of anchorage is 40 meters, usually how do youdrop the anchor?Before dropping the anchor, I should make sure that the windlass andthe brakes are in good condition and there is good holding ground. I should also study the water depth, weather and sea conditions and take into account the duration of the anchorage action.During the anchoring, I should lower the anchor until it touches ground, then disengage and slack the chain cable until the length is paid out. Main engine should be used to stretch the cable. I should not use excessive weight for the cable.The length of the cable must be decided by the master in advance.No matter how deep the water is , at least two shackles should remain on board.26.i f water depth is more than 80 meters, is it possible for you to drop theanchor?Except in an extreme emergency situation, dropping anchor in this depth of water is very dangerous. So, if the anchor has to be dropped, the geographical condition(sea bed and adjacent area), weather condition must be carefully studied beforehand. If possible, you should have a discussion or meeting with relevant crew before the work is done.27.h ow do you keep proper ventilation during the voyage? Your ship isloaded with steel coil at constantsa in December and the cargo is to be discharged in Singapore.In order to prevent rust formation on the surface of the cargo, I mustmake sure the temperature in holds is higher than the dew point at any times. Ventilation is to be made on the condition of dew point and try to lower the dew point.Under the above situation, no ventilation is needed because the ship sails from a cold place to a hot place.28.h ow do you maintain the minimum under keel clearance (UKC) whenthe vessel during passage /in fairways/inside ports?Refer to master’s answer.29.i n case of cargo damage (for example, before the vessel arrives at thedischarging port, when opening the hatch, you find the quality of the surface cargo has changed), how do you handle it?Well, I have to know the quantity of the cargo whose quality has changed. If the cargo is a small quantity, I shall dispose it myself. If it is a large quantity, I shall ask for decision from the master.30.w hat are sensitive cargoes as defined by the P&I club/the cargoes that are particularly susceptible to moisture and damage are called sensitive cargoes. For the sensitive cargoes, special attention shall be required. The P&I CLUB defines the following cargoes as sensitive cargoes: cement, grain, and sugar.31.h ow do you judge whether the cargo holds are fitted for loading?According to the requirements of the voyage instructions or the charter party, I shall first see if it meets the charterer’s demands. ThenI will make my own judgment . if the holds are not suitable for loadingany type of cargo, I shall report this to the master and ask him to decide on this.32.c an you please briefly explain the general requirements for grain cargocarriage?1)hold preparationthe hold should be very clean and free from scale and odor. All bilges should be clean and dry. The tank top should be clean, stainless and dry. The front and rear sides of the brackets and beams, piping etc. should be completely washed and clear of all residues and dust from the previous cargo. And if the ship carried grain in the previous voyages and insects are found in the hold, the holds should be fumigated with insecticide.2)ventilationgrain can self heat, condense and absorb moisture. Without good ventilation, the cargo can easily deteriorate. In case of bulk grain, air is to be blown to the surface of the grain continuously on a daily basis in order to remove the air from the cargo. The temperature of the cargo shall be tested by thermometer on a daily basis and be recorded in the logbook.3)for detailed answer, please refer to the IMO grain rule.(IMORESOLUTION A.714 CODE OF SAFE PRACTICE FORCARGO STOW AGE AND SECURING.)33.h ow to conduct ventilation for hygroscopic cargo from warm to coldarea voyage, and from cold to warm voyage? How about the non-hygroscopic cargo?In case of carrying hygroscopic cargoes from a warm place to a cold place, ventilation is very critical. It should be as strong as possible in the beginning so that eventually the outside dew point will be too low.This is a very difficult voyage situation in which to arrange satisfactory ventilation. From cold to warm voyage, the ventilation is not necessary.In case of carrying non-hygroscopic cargoes from a cold place to a warm place, no ventilation is needed, and cargo sweat would occur on the surface of the stow if relative warmer moisture laden air was admitted. From the warm to the cold voyage, no ventilation is needed because ship sweat is inevitable but cargo will be unaffected unless condensation drips back on the stow.34.h ow to prevent cargo from being damaged by rain or seawater?Before the voyage, I will check the hatch cover to see if it is properly closed that tight water condition is in good order. To make sure suction boxes and manholes are properly closed; to check the bulkhead of adjacent ballast tank.35.w hat preparations should you make before the pilot comes on board?Preparation should be made in the following steps:First, the duty officer is to contact the pilot station to confirm the availability the pilot;Second, the master is to contact the coming pilot and discuss with him the vessel’s heading position and speed at the time of his boarding;Third, the duty officer should supervise the embarkation and disembarkation of the pilot to ensure his identity and safety;Fourth, the pilot ladder must meet the standards of the USCG and the IMO;Fifth, the deck crew is to prepare the ladder well and hoist the G flag; Last, when the pilot is on board, H flag should be hoisted.36.w hen you pass through the PANAMA canal, what should you payattention to? Why?The turn of bilge radius should be made known to the pilot. According to the regulations, the turn of bilge radius of the vessel cannot be over12.04 meters in the fresh water area. No bilge water is allowed to bepumped.As a precaution, we should check with the MR notice and apply for correction if on time. We should also prepare for the safety inspections by the boarding officers.Seven days before the ship’s estimated time of passing by the canal, we should report to the canal authority on the vessel condition.37.w hat material and information do you need when you make thepassage plan?The passage plan shall contain all the charts required and shall locate all the information concerning the intended area. The information needed for the passage plan shall be found from the sailing direction, list of lights, tide tables, tidal stream table, guide to port entry, deep draft vessel planning guide, the IMO ship route guide, guide to tanker port, various ports’ information booklets, government and port regulations, navigational warnings, pilot charts, notice to mariners, weather information, and so on.38.do you often change the ballast water? What should you pay attention to when changing the ballast water?Yes. The ballast water change is required by most port authorities in the world.Ballasting and de-ballasting on time is very important to keep the stress of the vessel in good condition. Under heavy weather conditions, it is necessary to test the ballasting and bilge water more often to make sure of the stability of the vessel.39.what should you pay attention to when the vessel is loaded with coal? Trimming is very important to make sure that the cargo is evenly loaded. Since coal is liable to get fire, you have to make sure that the deck is free from any source of fire. Fire-fighting equipment should beavailable at any time. Air in the cargo space should be regularly checked. Bilge water should be tested systematically to see whether there is any water leakage.Ventilation is not allowed during the voyage. Reasonable ventilation is to be carried out when the cargo temperature is above 55 degrees centigrade or the methane concentration is abnormal.Also, you have to measure the cargo temperature at least once every day . if the temperature and methane are abnormal, I will report to the owner for instruction.40. what are the function of a B/L? what is a clean B/L and what is unclean B/L?A B/L has three important functions. It constitutes evidence of the terms of the contract of carriage—a promise to carry and deliver the cargo. It constitutes the apparent order, condition, and quantity or weight of goods at the time of shipment. It is also a document of title(property) of the cargo.A clean B/L is one on which there is not any remark of cargo loss, shortage or damage. An unclean B/L is also called claused B/L, which carries some remarks of cargo damage, quantity shortage and so on.41.what is back dated or anti-dated B/L? what is advanced B/L?A back dated B/L is a B/L whose issuing date is earlier than the virtual loading completion date. An advanced B/L means a B/L that is signedand issued by the carrier before the completion of loading. Both backdated and advanced B/Ls will bring some dangers and liabilities to the shipowner and charterer.42.what anti-stowaway precautions should you take before the vessel sails from a port?Before departure from any port, stowaway search has to be carried out. The following spaces shall be searched thoroughly: void space, chain lockers , funnel, and other places where the stowaways can hide themselves.If stowaways are discovered before the ship sails, arrangement has to be made for his immediate disembarkation. Records have to be made in the ship’s logs and the company should be notified. Necessary steps should be taken to prevent any further reoccurrence.43.who should not be allowed to have the shore leave at the same time? Refer to master’s answer.44.what is the maximum book alcohol concentration (BAC) rate on board?Refer to master’s answer.45.what kind of garbage cannot be thrown into incinerator?The following garbage cannot be thrown into the incinerator:.any containers that once contained gases under pressure, or aerosol cans; .the materials that may produce harmful gases or ashes;.the materials that may produce high temperature and prolonged incineration of such materials that may cause damage to the incinerator. 46.what should a muster list include? What kind of muster lists did you have on the last vessel?Refer to master’s answer?47.what is heavy weather condition? Under heavy weather conditions, what preparations should you make before sailing?I think heavy weather means weather conditions of wind force of 8 or above on the Beaufort scale and wave height of greater than 5 meters. Refer to master’s answer no. 5348.the same as 47.49.if the stevedores damage the crane, derrick or any other equipment on board, what should you do?Firstly, I shall ask the duty officer have a careful supervision when the stevedores are loading and unloading cargo and ask the duty officers to report to me any incident or any damage the workers have done to the vessel equipment.If equipment damages occur, usually, I will see how serious the damage is, if the damage is serious, I shall report to the master immediately. If the damage is not very serious, I shall ask the stevedore company to make repair . at least, I shall ask the stevedores to acknowledge their liabilities. But anyway, I shall not allow the stevedore workers to leave the vesseluntil the damage is settled properly.50.before and during dry-docking for the vessel , what should a chief officer do?The chief officer shall prepare a detailed repair list for the approval of the master and the company, adjust the proper trim as per the dock’s requirements and make out a safety procedure before drydocking. The chief officer should also make an assignment plan for the deck officers and crew during drydocking. When the repair work is being done, the chief officer should have a good supervision on the jobs and ensure safety of the workers and the seamen.51.how do you balance the interests between the ship owner and the charterer?Sometimes , the crew are heavily pressured in the circumstances: the charterer just pushes the master to catch time, but there will be no time for the maintenance and repairs for the vessel. But I know that the charterer is very important to the ship owner, so good relation with the charterer is very important to both the master and the ship owner.52.what do you know about BC Code?The BC Code refers to the IMO Bulk Cargo Code. In this code, bulk cargo operation procedures are stated. This is a very important manual and the chief officer must study it with care and follow the instructions in the Code at work, especially when he makes the stowage plan.53.how should you deal with the garbage on board the ship?See the master’s answer no.61.54.what should a turnover/handover of watch be deferred or postponed? Usually, under the following situations, the turnover can be deferred or ever postponed: 1)if the officer on watch has reason to believe that the relieving officer is obviously not able to carry out his duties effectively;2)when bridge maneuver is taking place, turnover of watch must be deferred until the action is completed and the ship is in a safe condition for the relief of the watch to take place.55.under what situations should you as the officer on watch reduce the ship’s speed? Can you give some examples?The OOW should not hesitate to use engine to reduce the speed for safety. Some examples are:1)when the ship meets restricted visibility; 2)when the ship is in heavy traffic area; 3)when the ship is in a close quarter situation.56.what actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expected?The following actions should be taken: 1) call or notify the master;2)stand by engine and sail at safe speed; 3) switch on the navigational lights; 4)switch on and sound fog signals; 5)switch on ARPA and radar; 6) shift to manual steering for maneuver; 7)post additional lookout.57.what precautions should be taken 12 hours before arrival at or。

二副面试问题及参考答案二副面前前主要应准备关于职责范围内的问题，如画海图（电子海图）、如何修正海图、地理常识、海事专业出版物及船上图书馆的管理、制定航路计划、船上药品管理、装卸货值班、正常海上值班、垃圾处理、其他所负责的设备的维护和保养等问题。

当然职位的船员的英文水平和业务水平越来越好。

对于没有外派经历的二副，建议抓紧时间补习英文，特别是专业英语。

下面收集了一部分问题，可供参考。

1. Can you tell me about your educational background and working experience as a seaman?I graduated from Dalian Maritime University in July 1999. Since April, 1999, I began my seamen career. I have worked on two ships. On the fist ship, I worked as a deck cadet for 10 months.On the second ship. I worked as a 3/O for nearly a year.2. Can you tell me about your last vessel?My last ship was a general cargo sailing globally, but mainly from European ports to the USAND Canada port. I worked on that vessel for 13 months as third officer.4. When do you call the Master to the Bridge?If the master were not in the bridge room, I would call the master to the bridge under the following circumstances:When the officers do not know the correct actions to take.When the giving away vessel does not give away as a rule and cannot get into contact with it. navigational equipment fails.When receiving the distress call.When navigational marks are missing or in the expected time, and did not see the marks.When the depth sounding do not have expected result.When entry into heavy traffic, low visibility areas.When main engine speed decreases or breakdown.When approaching the poor visibility areas.And when the vessel is in danger.Questions for 2/O二副面试前主要应该准备关于职责范围内的问题，如如何画海图、如何修正海图、制定航路计划、值班时所要注意的问题等等。

二副：Can you name some publications on board the ship? 下面列举一些海事出版物，供参考。

Standard library on board (applicable for all ships)Additional for Bulk carrierAdditional for tankersAdditional publications for Chemical Tankers三副面试问题及参考答案就船上的值班和所承担的任务分工来看，三副也是甲板部非常重要的职位。

但是，考虑到三副毕竟在船上的工作时间不会很长，经验也不会很多，所以考官对三副的问题一般不会很复杂，主要是集中在职位范围内的一些问题，如救生、消防设备的维护和保管、吃水的测量、应急反应、值班时应注意的问题等等。

也可能会问及《国际安全管理规则》（ISM）以及《公司安全管理体系》方面的知识和问题。

有些公司的三副可能还要承担一些二副的工作职责，所以，三副也应该参考一下二副的问题。

1. Can you tell me about your educational（教育）background（经历）and working experience（经验，体验）as a seaman?For example: I graduated from Weifang Maritime University in July 2007. Since April, 2007, I began my seamen career. I have worked on two ships. On the first ship, I worked as a deck cadet for 14 months. On the second ship, I worked as a 3/O for nearly a year.2. Can you tell me about your last vessel?My last ship was a general cargo sailing globally, but mainly from European（欧洲）ports to the US and Canada port.I worked on that vessel for 13 months as third officer.3. What are your responsibilities as a Third Officer?(1) To perform（指挥）sea watches and cargo watch, from 0800~1200 and 2000~2400 hours(2) To assist the Chief Officer in supervising（监督。

三副面试问题1. Please briefly introduce yourself to us/ Or tell us something about yourself.For example:Morning sir! My name is xxx . I am from xxx. I was born in (年份) and I am nearly (岁)years old now. I am married , now I have one son..In 1999, after studing four years, I graduated from xx university with a bachelor degree in ocean-going navigation.From 1999 till now, I have worked on about 4 vessels. and I have worked as a third officer for 1 ships,1 years .with experience of such types of vessel as bulk carriers and ….I have worked for not only Chinese shipping companies including international Yantai marine shipping company, but also some foreign companies from HK OOCL, and Taiwan WANHAI. Most of the vessels I have worked on ，are nearly 10，000 tons in gross tonnage.Now I have all the necessary certificates for bulk carriers and general cargo carrier .this is all for my introduction. Thank you!2. Please tell me what major you had in the marineuniversity/college/school?The main is The type for navigation3. What courses (subjects) have you learned during your studies there?Which courses do you like most? Why?4. Do you think that sailing is a very ideal job for you? Could your brother follow yourstep?Yes, I think the sailing is a very ideal job for me.For example:1. I can understand the local conditions and customs of the most countries.2. The salary for ship’s officer is higher.3. ……5. If Capt(CE) scold you? Will you fight back? Why?No. Because I know if they scold me, it mu st be that I didn’t do well my work.6. Do you have hobbies? What hobbies do you like best, why?7. Which country do you like best?8. what do you think is most important thing on-board ship? Second? Third? (safety) 9. If you work on board for one year, will you be very home sick? Do you get a seasick? 10. Please name some types of vessels in the world. What types ship do you like to join?11. Do your teachers talk English? Do they use English to have lesson? 12. What food do you like?13. What will you do in your spare / free time? What kind of leisure activities do you do? 14. If you are asked to do a lot of jobs on board, will you have some complaint? 15. As far as you know, what equipmentsare there in the bridge/ deck/ engine department? What positions are there on board?16.pls briefly introduce your obligation for third officer?17. Tell me the whole name of the following anonyms: IMO, STCW78/ 95, SOLA74, ARPA, RADAR, GMDSS, MARPOL 73/ 78, IOPP, GPS, ISM.18. Can you use English computer? Can you rend / write / listen English? How long haveyou learnt English?19.Why are you elder with third officer?20. How many kinds of Alarm do you know?21.Pls briefly introduce how to contact with the PortControl/VTS/Pilot Station., 22. What is the purpose of the ISM Code? What is DPA in ISM Code? ISM 规则的目的是什么,ISM规则中DPA是什么意思,, The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standardfor the safemanagement and operation of ship’s of ships and for pollution prevention. DPAstands for Designated person(s) Ashore. His responsibility includes monitoringsafety, pollution prevention aspects on behalf of the shipowner., ISM 规则的目的是提供针对船舶安全管理和操作以及防污染的一个国际标准。