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天 然 气 工 业Natural Gas Industry 第41卷第2期2021年 2月· 100 ·苏里格气田致密砂岩气藏开发认识与稳产建议王继平1,2 张城玮3 李建阳4 李娅1,2 李小锋1,2 刘平1,2 陆佳春51.中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院2.低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室3.中国石油大学（北京）石油工程学院4.中国石油长庆油田公司气田开发事业部5.中国石油长庆油田公司苏里格气田开发分公司摘要：鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田致密砂岩气藏的天然气储量规模和年产气量目前都位居全国第一。
为了进一步延长该气田致密砂岩气藏的稳产时间、提高气藏采收率，总结了该气田致密砂岩气开发过程中所取得的地质与气藏工程认识，梳理了影响气田持续稳产的难点问题，提出了该气田致密砂岩气藏下一步的开发建议。
研究结果表明：①苏里格气田致密砂岩气藏有效砂体规模、储层物性、含气性等都具有强非均质性特征，并且局部气水关系复杂；②不同区域气井产量、累计产气量、产量递减率等存在着明显的差异，气藏采收率受储层品质和开发井网的影响大；③优质储层储量动用程度高、储量劣质化趋势明显、剩余储量碎片化现象严重，导致该气田致密砂岩气藏稳产难度大；④为了实现该气田的长期稳产，针对致密砂岩气藏强非均质性的特征，需要进一步推广“基础井组＋基础井网＋差异化加密”的井网部署策略，持续推进动/静态分析相结合的储层精细描述技术和混合井型部署技术，运用老井查层补孔、侧钻水平井及重复改造等手段提高储量动用程度，配合地质工程一体化改造工艺技术提升储层改造的有效性，采用智能化和水平井高效排水采气工艺技术提升气田精细化管理水平，并且尽早推广“负压”开采技术，以恢复濒临废弃井的生产能力；⑤寻求必要的财税政策支持是实现致密气资源充分利用的重要保障。
关键词：鄂尔多斯盆地；苏里格气田；致密砂岩气藏；储集层特征；开发指标；剩余储量；挖潜对策DOI: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2021.02.012Tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sulige Gas Field:Development understandings and stable-production proposals WANG Jiping1,2, ZHANG Chengwei3, LI Jianyang4, LI Ya1,2, LI Xiaofeng1,2, LIU Ping1,2, LU Jiachun5(1. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China;2. Nation-al Engineering Laboratory of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Exploration and Development, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China;3. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 100249, China;4. Development Department, PetroChina Changqing Oil-field Company, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China;5. Sulige Gas Field Development Branch, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China)Natural Gas Industry, vol.41, No.2, p.100-110, 2/25/2021. (ISSN 1000-0976; In Chinese)Abstract: The Sulige Gas Field in the Ordos Basin ranks the first in China in terms of reserve scale and annual gas production of tight sandstone gas reservoirs. In order to further extend the stable production time and enhance the recovery factor of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Sulige Gas Field, this paper summarizes the geological and gas reservoir engineering understandings obtained in the development process of tight sandstone gas in this gas field, sorts out the difficulties impacting its sustainable stable production, and pro-poses suggestions for the following development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in this field. And the following research results were obtained. First, the effective sand body scale, reservoir physical property and gas bearing property are strongly heterogeneous and the lo-cal gas–water relationship is complex in the tight sandstone gas reservoirs of the Sulige Gas Field. Second, there are obvious differences in gas well production, accumulative gas production and decline rate in different regions. The recovery factor of the gas reservoirs is af-fected more by reservoir quality and development well pattern. Third, the reserve producing degree of good-quality reservoirs is high, the tendency of poor-quality reserves is obvious and the fragmentation of remaining reserves is serious, which increases the production sta-bilization difficulty in the tight sandstone gas reservoirs of the Sulige Gas Field. Fourth, in order to realize sustainable stable production in the Sulige Gas Field, considering the strong heterogeneity characteristics of tight sandstone gas reservoirs, it is recommended to popu-larize the well pattern deployment strategy of "basic well group + basic well pattern + differential infilling" further, continuously improve fine reservoir description technology and mixed well deployment technology with combined dynamic and static analysis, apply layer reviewing and reperforating of old wells, horizontal well sidetracking and re-stimulation to improve the reserve producing degree, adopt the geology–engineering integrated stimulation technology to improve the effectiveness of reservoir stimulation, make use of intelligent and efficient drainage gas recovery technology by horizontal well to improve the fine management level of gas field, and popularize the "negative pressure" production technology as soon as possible to recover the production capacity of wells on the verge of abandonment. Fifth, seeking for the necessary fiscal and tax support is an important guarantee for the full utilization of tight gas resources. Keywords: Ordos Basin; Sulige Gas Field; Tight sandstone gas reservoir; Reservoir characteristics; Development indexes; Remaining re-serves; Potential tapping countermeasures基金项目：国家科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯盆地大型低渗透岩性地层油气藏开发示范工程”（编号：2016ZX05050）、中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“长庆气田稳产及提高采收率技术研究”（编号：2016E-0509）。
综述与评述收稿日期：２０１２－０７－０６；修回日期：２０１２－０７－３０．基金项目：国家大型油气田及煤层气开发科技重大专项（编号：２０１１ＺＸ０５０４３－００１）资助．作者简介：李建忠（１９６８－），男，河南辉县人，教授级高级工程师，主要从事油气资源评价和勘探部署研究．Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ：ｌｉｊｉｚｈ＠ｐｅｔｒｏｃｈｉｎａ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ．中国致密砂岩气主要类型、地质特征与资源潜力李建忠，郭彬程，郑 民，杨 涛（中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京１０００８３）摘要：致密砂岩气已成为全球非常规天然气勘探的重点之一。
中国致密砂岩气分布范围广，目前已在鄂尔多斯和四川等盆地实现了规模开发；致密砂岩气藏主要有低缓斜坡型、背斜构造型和深部凹陷型３种类型，其基本地质特征表现为以煤系源岩为主，生烃强度高，具有持续充注的气源条件；致密砂岩与烃源岩紧密相邻，大面积接触，以近距离垂向运移成藏为主；源储有效配置形成致密砂岩气大气区，局部富集。
中国致密砂岩气的有利勘探面积约为３２×１０４ｋｍ２，可采资源量达（８～１１）×１０１２ ｍ３，目前中国致密砂岩气勘探开发技术已较成熟，具备加快发展的条件，在中国未来天然气发展中必将发挥重要作用。
关键词：致密砂岩气；地质特征；气藏类型；资源潜力中图分类号：ＴＥ１２２ 文献标志码：Ａ 文章编号：１６７２－１９２６（２０１２）０４－０６０７－０９引用格式：Ｌｉ Ｊｉａｎｚｈｏｎｇ，Ｇｕｏ Ｂｉｎｃｈｅｎｇ，Ｚｈｅｎｇ Ｍｉｎ，ｅｔ ａｌ．Ｍａｉｎ ｔｙｐｅｓ，ｇｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｆｅａｔｕｒｅｓ ａｎｄ ｒｅ－ｓｏｕｒｃｅ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ ｏｆ ｔｉｇｈｔ ｓａｎｄｓｔｏｎｅ ｇａｓ ｉｎ Ｃｈｉｎａ［Ｊ］．Ｎａｔｕｒａｌ Ｇａｓ Ｇｅｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ，２０１２，２３（４）：６０７－６１５．［李建忠，郭彬程，郑民，等．中国致密砂岩气主要类型、地质特征与资源潜力［Ｊ］．天然气地球科学，２０１２，２３（４）：６０７－６１５．］０ 引言致密砂岩气是一种储集于低渗透—特低渗透致密砂岩储层中的典型的非常规天然气资源，依靠常规技术难以开采，需通过大规模压裂或特殊采气工艺技术才能产出具有经济价值的天然气。
致密砂岩油气藏开发技术作者：刘国良朱丽君李朋来源：《科技资讯》2015年第15期摘要近年来，随着油气藏开采水平的提高，致密砂岩油气藏的勘探开发成为关注的焦点。
由于致密砂岩储层具有孔隙度小、渗透率低、粘土矿物类型丰富和岩性致密等特殊的地质特征，导致此类油气藏经济高效开发难度大。
虽然在国内外已有成功开发致密油气藏的先例，但目前对于致密砂岩油气藏的开发技术还未形成统一的认识。
本文对目前致密砂岩油气藏的开发技术进行了分析，希望借此文章达到对致密砂岩储集层开发技术能有一个较为明确的认识。
关键词致密砂岩；油气藏；开发技术中图分类号：TE34：P61 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-3791（2015）05（c）-0000-001引言目前国外所开发的大型致密砂岩气藏以深盆气藏为主，主要集中在加拿大西部和美国西部。
全球致密油资源量约为6900×108t；根据中国国土资源报（2014/1/9）公布的全国油气资源动态评价的结果，我国剩余天然气资源62×1012m3，其中非常规致密天然气资源量占天然气总资源的50%左右。
我国未来油气产量稳产增产将更多地依靠开采低渗透油气藏，致密砂岩油气藏是低渗透中重要的一种。
随着勘探程度的提高和油气资源需求的不断增长，对致密砂岩油气藏的开发将是中国油气开发建设的主战场之一，所以研究致密砂岩油气藏显得至关重要。
2致密砂岩油气藏的特点致密砂岩油气藏由于储层致密，油气逃逸速度低于生烃和排烃速度，原生油气藏均为高压油气藏，其油气水的关系十分复杂，这类油气藏当中都有一定程度天然裂缝的发育。
在对此类油气藏进行开发的过程中，往往出现以下特征：①不高的水驱动用程度；②油井动液面出现较低，采油井底流压太小；③采油速度降低很快；④地层压力降低很快。
3致密砂岩油气藏开发技术3.1多段压裂水平井技术多段压裂水平井技术结合了水平井技术和人工压裂技术的优点，有效改善了近井地带渗流条件，大幅提高了单井控制储量，已成为有效开发致密砂岩油气藏的重要技术手段。
第44卷 第5期 新 疆 石 油 地 质Vol. 44，No.52023年10月 XINJIANG PETROLEUM GEOLOGY Oct. 2023文章编号：1001-3873（2023）05-0554-08 DOI ：10.7657/XJPG20230506苏里格气田致密砂岩气藏剩余气分布特征及其挖潜石耀东1，王丽琼1，臧苡澄2，张吉1，3，李鹏2，李旭1（1.中国石油 长庆油田分公司 第四采气厂，内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017300；2.中国石油 长庆油田分公司 勘探开发研究院，西安 710018；3.低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室，西安 710018）摘 要：苏里格气田中区苏36-11区块已开发17年，开发程度和储量动用程度均高，储集层非均质性强，储量动用不均衡，剩余气分布复杂，剩余气分布的确定及挖潜是气田稳产的关键。
通过储集层构型精细表征，明确剩余气分布的主要影响因素，确定不同类型剩余气分布规律，提出对应的挖潜对策。
研究结果表明：研究区含气砂体主要分布在4级构型单元心滩坝与点坝中，整体规模小，宽度为150~500 m ，长度为300~800 m ，连通性差，受各级次渗流屏障影响大，区块北东—南西向主砂带开发程度最高，地层压力低，剩余气主要分布在区块西北部盒8段下亚段；剩余气分布主要受储集层非均质与开采非均匀影响，可分为井网未控制型、复合砂体阻流带型、水平井未动用次产层型、直定向井未射开气层型和投产未采出型5类；提出井间加密、老井侧钻、查层补孔和老井挖潜4种动用措施，调整方案后，预测可稳产7年，采收率可达45%。
关键词：苏里格气田；致密砂岩；储集层构型；剩余气储量评价；剩余气分布；挖潜对策；开发中—后期；开发调整方案中图分类号：TE122 文献标识码：A©2018 Xinjiang Petroleum Geology. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License 收稿日期：2022-11-12 修订日期：2023-04-13基金项目：国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05050）；中国石油科技重大专项（2016E-0509）第一作者：石耀东（1973-），男，陕西靖边人，高级工程师，气田开发与生产管理，（Tel ）************（E-mail ）syd_cq@通讯作者：王丽琼（1989-），女，甘肃华池人，高级工程师，硕士，油气田开发，（Tel ）************（E-mail ）wangliqiong12_cq@petrochina..Distribution and Potential Tapping Strategies of Remaining Gasin Tight Sandstone Gas ReservoirsSHI Yaodong 1，WANG Liqiong 1，ZANG Yicheng 2，ZHANG Ji 1，3，LI Peng 2，LI Xu 1（1.No.4 Gas Production Plant, Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 017300, China;2.Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi ’an, Shaanxi 710018, China ；3.National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields, Xi ’an, Shaanxi 710018, China ）Abstract ：The Su 36⁃11 block in the central area of Sulige gas field has been developed for 17 years, with high degrees of development and reserves producing. The strong reservoir heterogeneity in this block leads to uneven producing of reserves and complex distribution of re⁃maining gas. Distribution determination and potential tapping of the remaining gas are crucial for maintaining stable production in the gas field. By accurately characterizing the reservoir architecture, the main factors influencing remaining gas distribution were identified, the distribution patterns of different types of remaining gas were determined, and corresponding strategies for recovering the remaining gas were proposed. The research results show that the gas⁃bearing sand bodies in the study area are mainly distributed in the 4th⁃order architec⁃ture units, such as channel bar and point bar, these sand bodies are significantly affected by various levels of flow barriers, with small over⁃all scale, poor connectivity, width of 150-500 m and length of 300-800 m. The main NE⁃SW sand belt in the block has been developed the most, with low formation pressure, and the remaining gas is mainly distributed in the lower He 8 member in the northwestern part of the block. Remaining gas, whose distribution is mainly influenced by reservoir heterogeneity and uneven development, can be divided into five types: gas uncontrolled by well pattern, gas in composite sand body flow barrier, gas in secondary pay zone unexploited by horizontal well, gas in unperforated gas⁃bearing layer in vertical well, and gas unproduced. Four potential tapping measures were proposed, including well infilling, reperforation, sidetracking and potential tapping in exsisting wells. According to the adjusted development plan, it is predicted that stable production can be maintained for 7 years with the recovery efficiency reaching 45%.Keywords ：Sulige gas field; tight sandstone; reservoir architecture; remaining gas reserves evaluation; remaining gas distribution; potential tapping; middle-late development stage; adjusted development plan中国致密气资源总量及开发潜力巨大，约占全球资源量的十分之一，主要分布在鄂尔多斯盆地、四川盆地、塔里木盆地等区域。
