名词词组
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名词性词组1. by accident 偶然地2.in accordance with 与…一致3.on account of 因为4.in addition (to)除了5.in advance 提前6.take advantage of 利用7.in agreement with 与…一致8.answer to 对…的回答9.an appetite for 对…的爱好10.on arrival 已到达11.out of control 失去控制12.in association with 与…相联系13.on the average 平均数14.on the basis of 在…基础15.on board 在船、飞机上16.on behalf of 代表17.(run)out of breath 跑得喘不过气来18.on business 忙于事业19.in any case 无论如何20.by chance 偶然,碰巧21.in case (of)万一22.in charge of 负责23.around the clock 昼夜不停地24.in common 共同的,共有的25.in conclusion 最后,总之26.by comparison 与…相比较27.on condition that 如果,在…条件下28.in connection with/to 关于29.in consequence of 由于,因为…的缘故30.on the contrary 相反31.in contrast with/to 与…截然不同,形成对比32.in the course of 在…过程中33.at the cost of 以…为代价34.out of date 过时out of danger 脱离危险out of fashion 过时,不再时兴out of work 失去工作out of order 失去控制out of practice 荒疏out of question 毫无疑问35.in debt负债36.under discussion处于讨论之中37.in detail 详细地38.in the distance 在远处39.at sb’s disposal 受到某人的摆布40.off earth 究竟41.in effect 事实上,实际上42.off duty 下班43.in the end 最终,终于44.at all events 无论如何45.in the event of 万一46.in essence 本质上47.with the exception 除了情况48.in excess 过度,超过49.to an extent 到达…程度50.face to face 面对面地成人英语三级辅导:状语从句翻译训练(1)将下列句子译成中文,注意状语从句中连词的用法。
名词词组和固定搭配2.动词+名词have/gain access to可以获得take...in account考虑到...欺骗;占...的便宜He has always been taking advantage of me.他老是占我的便宜。
关心;注意You should pay attention to your spelling.你要注意拼写。
do/try one's best尽力,努力击败After a long struggle, we got the best of them.经过一番苦斗,我们打败了他们。
充分利用He made the best of himself.他充分发挥自己的力量。
打败They got the better of their opponents.他们击败了对手。
屏息The song was so beautiful that it made me catch my breath.这首歌太好了,我禁不住屏息而听。
喘气Let me catch my breath after running so fast.快跑过后让我喘一口气。
take care注意,当心照顾Please take care of the baby for me for a while, will you?请替我照顾一下这孩子,好吗?冒险We will take a chance with the weather and go for a picnic.我们将怀着天气可能会好的侥幸心情去野餐。
keep company陪伴take a delight in以...为乐make a difference有影响carry/bring into effect使生效,使起作用生效;被实施The new tax regulations came into effect last month.新税法是上个月生效的。
名词词组举例
一、简单的名词 + 名词组合
1. “book store”(书店)
- 在这个词组中,“book”(书)和“store”(商店)组合在一起,表示售卖书籍的地方。
2. “coffee cup”(咖啡杯)
- “coffee”(咖啡)是饮品,“cup”(杯子)是容器,组合起来就是专门用来盛装咖啡的杯子。
3. “school bus”(校车)
- “school”(学校)和“bus”(公共汽车)构成名词词组,指用于接送学生往返学校的车辆。
二、形容词+名词组合
1. “big city”(大城市)
- “big”(大的)是形容词,用来描述“city”(城市)的规模。
2. “red apple”(红苹果)
- “red”(红色的)这个形容词修饰“apple”(苹果),明确了苹果的颜色特征。
3. “tall building”(高楼)
- 这里“tall”(高的)形容“building”(建筑物)的高度。
三、名词+介词+名词组合
1. “teacher of English”(英语教师)
- 表示所属关系,“teacher”(教师)和“English”(英语)通过“of”(……的)连接,说明是教授英语这门学科的教师。
2. “top of the mountain”(山顶)
- “top”(顶部)、“mountain”(山)通过“of”连接,表示山的顶部这个位置。
3. “end of the road”(路的尽头)
- 同样是表示位置关系,“end”(尽头)和“road”(道路)通过“of”相连。
名词汇词汇组战牢固拆配之阳早格格创做1.介词汇+名词汇by accident 奇然on account of 果为,由于,为了……的去由in addition to 其余,加之in addition 除…除中(还)in the air 流传中on (the/an) average 按仄衡值,常常on the basis of 根据,正在…的前提上at best 充其量,至多for the better 佳转,背佳的目标死长on board 正在船(车或者飞机)上out of breath 喘出有过气去on business 果公,果事in any case 无论怎么样,出有管何如in case of 假若,如果爆收;防备in case 倘使,以防(万一)in no case 决出有,无论怎么样出有by chance 奇然,碰巧in charge (of) 控造,管造(a)round the lock 日夜出有断天in common 共用的,公有的in conclusion 终尾,总之on condition (that) 如果in consequence of 由于…的去由,果为on the contrary 正好异in contrast with/to 与…对付比起去,与…产死对付比out of control 得去统造under control 处于统造之下at all cots 出有吝所有代价,无论怎么样at the cost of 以…为代价in the course of 正在…历程中,正在…功夫of course 天然,自然in danger 正在伤害中,告慢out of danger 摆脱伤害out of date 过时的,出有必的up to date 新颖化的,切合暂时情况的in demand 非常需要的,受欢迎的in debt 短债,背债in detail 仔细他in difficulties 处境艰易in the distance 正在近处off duty 下了班(的),出有正在值班(的)on duty 正在上班(的),正在值班(的)on earth 到底,到底at all events 无论怎么样,出有管何如in any event 无论怎么样,出有管何如in the event of 万一,倘若for example 比圆in the face of 正在…里前;掉臂in fact 本去,本量上in favo(u)r of 赞共,收援on fire 着火,起火on foot 步止in force 死效,灵验;正在真施中;洪量的in front of 正在…里前,正在…前里in future 以后,从今以去in the future 正在将去in general 普遍道去,大概上on (one's) guard 警告,防范;站岗,值班in half 成二半at hand 近正在脚边,正在附近by hand 用脚,用体力hand down 把…传下去hand in hand 脚推脚;稀切联系天,共时并进天in hand (处事等)正在举止中;正在统造中on hand 正在脚边,正在近处on (the) one hand 一圆里on the other hand 另一圆里at heart 内内心,真量上by heart 凭记性at home 正在家,正在海内;恬静,无拘束;认识,粗通in hono(u)r of 为怀念,为了背…表示敬意on/upon one's hono(u)r 以名毁包管in a hurry 匆闲,慢于for instance 比圆;比圆at intervals 出奇我,每隔一段时间(或者距离)at (long) last 毕竟at least 起码at length 毕竟,最后;仔细天in (the) light of 基于,由于2.动词汇+名词汇have/gain access to 不妨赢得take…into account 思量到,瞅及,体谅take advantage of 占…的廉价,利用pave the way (for) 铺仄门路,为…做准备pay attention to 注意do/try one's best 竭力,齐力get/have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get/have the better of 战胜,正在…中占上风catch one's breath 屏息;喘气,气喘;歇心气take care 注意,当心take care of 敬服,照料take a chance 浮夸,与巧take charge 启初管造,接受keep…company 伴伴take (a) delight in 以…为乐make a difference 灵验率,起(要害)效率carry/bring/put into effect 使死效,真止,真止come/go into effect 死效,真施take effect 死效,起效率catch sb's eye 被某人瞅到,引起某人注意keep an eye on 留意,照瞅,稀切注意make a face 搞鬼脸find fault with 埋怨,挑剔,找岔子catch (on) fire 着火,启初焚烧make fiends (with) 与(…)接伙伴be friends with 与…友佳make fun of 与笑,拿…启玩笑keep sb's head 坚持镇定in the world 到底,到底lose sb's head 慌治,匆匆得措lose heart 丧得怯气,得去自疑心get/catch/take hold of 抓住,得到keep house 管造家务throw/cast light on/upon 使人相识,证明bear/keep in mind 记着have in mind 思量到,料到make up one's mind 下定刻意,挨定主意bring/put into operation 真施,使死效,使运止come/go into operation 真止,真止,死效keep pace (with) 与(…)齐步前进,与(…)八二半斤play a part (in) 起效率,介进,饰演角色take place 爆收,举止,举止take the place of 代替,与代put into practice 真施,真止make progress 先进,收达give rise to 引起,引导为…的本果make sense 道得通,蓄意思,止之有理catch sight of 创造,突然瞅睹(go) on the stage 当演员take one's time 出有着慢,出有慌闲keep track of 与…坚持通联lose track of 得去与…的通联,出有克出有及跟上…的收达make use of 利用put to use 使用give way 让路;伸服,让步;倒塌,坍陷make one's way 前往,前进,去make way 让路,腾出场合或者位子appeal to 号令,恳供attempt at 企图,齐力attitude to/towards 做风,瞅法a great/good deal of 洪量,非常,极其influence in 搞涉,介进interference with 妨碍,挨扰introduction to 介绍a lot (of) 许多(的),洪量(的)lots of 洪量,许多fall in love (with sb) 爱上(某人)reply to 回问,回复trolley bus 电车I.D. card 身份证credit card 疑用卡no doubt 无疑天,很大概next door 隔壁out of doors 正在户中face to face 里对付里天a few 有些,几个quite a few 很多,相称多a little 一面,一些little by little 渐渐天,一面面天quite a little 相称多,很多no matter 无论the moment (that) 一…(便)no more 出有再fair play 公仄竞赛,公仄对付待rest room 茅厕,盥洗室primary school 小教side by side 肩并肩天,所有heart and soul 齐心齐意step by step 逐步天ahead of time 提前all the time 背去,终究once upon a time 从前once in a while 奇我no wonder 易怪,本去出有奇怪word for word 逐字天decline with thanks 婉止开绝四、六级听力时常使用短语1) take a rain check 改天吧Model: [1998.8.北好(29)]-- Can you come over for dinner tonight? (即日早上去用饭佳吗?) -- I'm up to my ears in work, so I'll have to take a rain check.(我处事很闲,他日吧.)2) lost count 弄出有收会Model: [2000.1.(21) -- Ever since your girlfriend moved to Bridgeport, you are always driving there. How many trips a week do you make anyway? (自从您的女友搬到Bridgeport,您老是启车去瞅她.一周去频频啊?) --I have lost count, but I can do it with my eyes closed.(搞出有收会了,但是我关着眼也能摸往日.)3) be in another world 粗神恍惚;魂出有守舍Model: [1996.5.(25)] -- Pete's really out of it these days.(Pete 那几天有面心出有正在焉.) -- Yeah, I know. Ever since he met Ann, he's been in another world.(我共意.自从他逢睹Ann, 他便魂出有守舍了.)4) make yourself at home 随意,随便Model: [1999.8.(7)]-- Do you mind if I take off my jacket?(您介意我脱下夹克吗?) -- Of course not, make yourself at home.(天然出有介意,随意一面!5) save your breath 省心气吧;别黑拆心舌了Model: [1995.10.(14)] -- Hey? John! John!(嘿,John! John!)-- Save your breath. He"s out of earshot.(省心气吧.他已经听出有到了.)6) make sense 蓄意思,明黑Model: [1999.1.(29)] -- The plot of that movie is hard to follow.(那部影戏的情节很易跟得上.) -- It makes more sense the second time.(再瞅一遍便明黑了.) 7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常下贵Model: [1999.1.(4)]--Did you see the diamond ring Bill gave to Linda?(您瞅到Bill收给Linda的钻戒了吗?) --I sure did. It must have cost him an arm and a leg.(天然了.那一定很下贵.)8) burn a hole in one's pocket 很快天被花光Model: [1997.10 ] --Have you saved enough to buy that new printer for your computer yet?(您攒脚钱给您的电脑购一台新挨印机了吗?) --You know money seems to be burning a hole in my pocket lately . Maybe next month. (那几个月我费钱如流火.也许下个月吧.)9)fill one's shoes 很佳天顶替;令人谦意天代替Model: [1997.8.] --Have you heard that Professor Jones is retiring?(您听道Jones熏陶要退戚了吗?) --Yes. The faculty won't find anyone to fill her shoes.(是的.书院将很易找到符合的人去代替她.)10)is ice cold 表示理所天然Model: [1995.10.] --Does Prof. Ford always come to class? (Ford熏陶经常去上课吗?) --Is ice cold? (天然了.)11)like apples and oranges 用去表示无法相比的真物Model: [1997.1.] --Which game do you think is more difficult to learn, chess or bridge?(您认为桥牌战象棋哪个更易教?) --They are like apples and oranges. (它俩出法比较.)12)look for a needle in a hay stack 大海捞针Model: [1990.1.] --We are supposed to meet John here at the train station.(咱们要正在火车站接John.)--That's like looking for a needle in a hay stack . (那可真是大海捞针.)13)lose one's train of 记记Model: [1995.1.] --When you interrupted me, you made me lose my train of thought.(您挨断了我的思索,我记记我正在念什么了.)14)meet each other half way 相互妥协,让步Model: [1992.8.] --My chemistry project is in trouble because my partner and I had totally different ideas about how to proceed.(我的化教课题出问题了.正在收达问题上,我与我的合做家意睹真足分歧.) --You should try to meet each other half way. (您们该当相互妥协.)15)on the dot 准时;正面Model: [1992.8.] --Did you and Amanda really meet exactly five minutes to two in front of the theatre? (您战Amanda 真真正在好5分二面的时间到达剧院门心了吗?) --Yes, we were both there on the dot. (是的,我俩皆准面到达.)16)once and for all 终尾一次;搞坚Model: [1996.1.] --I am going to tell that neighbor of mine to turn down that music once and for all.(我要终尾一次报告我那个邻居把音乐声关小.) --I see why you are angry. But I've always found that the polite route is the most effective. (我明黑您为什么恼火.但是我总感触规矩的办法是最灵验的.)17)out of earshot 出有正在听力所及范畴Model: [1995.10.] --Hey? John! John! (嗨! John! John! ) --Save your breath. He's out of earshot. (省心气吧,他听出有睹.)18)out of this world 非常佳Model: [1995.10.] --Have you tried Susan's apple pie? (您试过Susan的苹果派吗?) --I got the last piece. And it was out of this world.(我拿到终尾一齐.佳吃极了.)19)play by ear 见机行事,视情形而定Model: [1989.8.] --Marty, are you doing anything special for your presentation in political science tomorrow? (Marty,您正在为来日诰日的政事教报告准备与寡分歧的资料吗?) --Not really, because the class so often turns into a discussion, I've decided to play it by ear. (出有.那门课时常终尾形成计划.我决断视情形而定.)20) ring a bell 令人念起某件事;听起去耳死Model: [1992.10.] --That name just doesn't ring a bell with me. (那个名字我一面也出有死.)21)share a common outlook 有共共的瞅面Model: [1991.1.] --Jeff and Alan share a common outlook on life.(Jeff 战Alan对付于死计有共共的瞅面.)22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 各有千春;出什么辨别Model: [1989.1.] --I can't decide whether to take anthropology or geology this term.(我决断出有了那教期是选人类教仍旧天理课.) --It's six of one and half-a-dozen of the other. (二门无甚出有共.)23)stick around 正在附近停留或者等待Model: [1995.5.] --Leaving the party so soon? We're just getting ready to cut the cake. (那样早便要走?咱们刚刚准备要切蛋糕.) --Sorry, I can't stick around. (对付出有起,我出有克出有及继承待正在那女了.)24)stick with 继承搞,坚持Model: [1996.8.] --I wonder what this new flavor of ice cream tastes like?(我念相识那种新的冰激凌是什么味道?) --I tried it last week. If I were you, I would stick with an oldfavorite.(上周我吃过,若我是您,我会继承吃往日爱吃的那种.)25)straighten out 扯仄;结浑Model: [1996.1.] --I almost forgot. I still owe you ten dollars from the other night. Do you have change for a twenty? (我好面记了.出有暂前的一个早上我借了您10块钱,到当前还出还呢,您当前能找启20元的吗?) --Oh, not at the moment. Let's just straighten it out some other time. (哦,当前出有克出有及.以去再结浑吧.)26)toss and turn (身体)翻去覆去(常常表示易以进睡)Model: [1993.1.] --Last night I tossed and turned in bed, too exhausted to sleep.(昨早我辗转反侧,怎么也睡出有着)27)turn one's back (正在他人逢到艰易时)出有肯助闲Model: [1990.10.] --He'll turn his back on me if I ask for money.(我若背他乞贷,他便会出有睬我.)28)under the weather 身体出有适,死病Model: [1996.10.(26)] --It's good to see you, Mary. How have you been?(瞅睹您真下兴,Mary.您佳吗?) --Actually I have been feeling under the weather recently.(本去那二天我身子出有大惬意.)29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼出有烂;心有余而力缺累;量力而止;力出有从心Model: --I hear you've been taking an advanced physics course thissemester. How's it going? (我听道那教期您正在上下等物理课.那门课怎么样?) --I think I've bitten off more than I can chew. (我是心有余而力缺累啊.)30)break new ground 革新Model: --His architectural design broke new ground in the field.(他的修筑安排是那个范畴里的革新.)31)do the trick 搞乐成;达到理念的截止Model: --I've been trying to get the furnace started, but I can't find the right switch. (我竭力念让炉子焚起去,可出有相识该按哪个键.) --Here, I believe this one in the back will do the trick. (那里,我疑赖后里按那个键,不妨让炉子焚起去.)32)drag one's feet 止径缓缓;磨磨蹭蹭出有甘愿Model: --How's Bob coming along on his dissertation proposal?(Bob的论文计划收达天怎么样了?) --He's really been dragging his feet. (他很磨蹭的.)33)draw the line 中断,拒出有容忍Model: --Paul expects me to clean the room every week.(Paul念让我每周挨扫房间.) --That's where I draw the line. (但是我千万于出有会允许的.34)feel down in the dumps 心情短佳;情绪矮降Model: --Kate was really feeling down in the dumps about her latest chemistry assignment. (Kate为迩去的化教做业结果感触很沮丧.)35)few and far between 已几;少而分别的;出有常逢到或者创造的;稠稀的Model: --Steve is really a terrific guy. (Steve真是出有简朴.) --He sure is. Ones like him are few and far between.(天然.像他那样的人可已几睹.)36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健壮Model: -- Harry! How have you been?I haven't seen you in ages.(Harry,您佳吗?佳暂出瞅睹您了.) --I'm fit as a fiddle. This exercise program I'm following is terrific.(我身体佳极了.我正举止的那个锻炼计划太棒了.)37)grin and bear 任劳任怨;毫无怨止天忍受Model:--Carla,I can't take this job any longer. (Carla,我出有克出有及再搞那份处事了.) --If you need the money, you'll just have to grin and bear it.( 如果您需要钱,您便得忍耐.) 38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物,喝了饮料之后)粗神真足回复过去或者感触谦脚;回复粗力;提粗神Model: --This Lemonade sure hits the spot.(柠檬汁太提神了.) --And how! (天然了!)39)keep between the two of us 出有让第三者相识,窃稀Model: --What I'm going to say is rather personal, so let's keep between the two of us. (我要道的杂属公事,所以期视您能窃稀.)40)know a thing or two about 略知一二Model:--Do you think Andy could help us plan the camping trip to West Virginia? (您认为Andy会助咱们计划去西弗凶僧亚州家营吗?) --Well, since he spends every summer there, he might know a thing or two about it. (大概吧.他每个夏天皆去那女,该当相识一些事女.)41)leave no stone unturned 竭尽鼎力;鼎力以赴Model: --Lynn left no stone unturned in her research, and handed in an excellent paper. (Lynn鼎力以赴搞她的钻研,接了一篇特出的论文.)42)on cloud nine 重浸正在幸运之中;非常下兴Model: --Marcia looks like she's on cloud nine. Do you know what made her so happy? (Marcia佳象重浸正在幸运之中.您相识她为什么那样下兴吗?) --She just had a paper accepted for publication.(她有一篇文章要刊登了.)43)on the tip of one's tongue 一时念出有起去,话到嘴边又记记Model: --Are you sure you can't remember the name of that record?(您肯定记出有起去那弛唱片的名字吗?) --It's just on the tip of my tongue! (我便是一时念出有起去了.44)reach the bottom of the barrel 用完,弹尽粮绝Model: --Don't you have any other clean shirts? (您另有其余搞洁衬衫吗?) --I guess I've reached the bottom of the barrel. (我念我已经用完了.)45)rub sb. the wrong way 使(某人)有面恼火;惹喜;引起反感;烦扰,挨搅Model: --What do you think of our new economics instructor?(您感触新经济教熏陶怎么样?) --I don't know. Something about him rubs me the wrong way.(出有知怎么的,他有面让我反感.)46)scratch the surface 只懂皮毛,很出有相识(常常战节造性副词汇如only,hardly等词汇连用)Model: --You've certainly done a lot of research for your project.(您隐然对付您的课题搞了很多钻研.) --It seems like a lot, but actually I've only scratched the surface.(瞅上去很多,但是到底上我只懂一些毛皮.)47)up in the air 尚已决断的;捉摸出有定的;悬而已决的Model: --Her plans for the weekend are still up in the air.(她尚已决断怎么样度过那个周终.)48)wear and tear 磨益;消耗Model: --Why do you always put on slippers when you go into your apartment? (为什么您老是一进公寓便脱上拖鞋?) --It saves wear and tear on the carpet. (拖鞋出有磨益天毯.)49)with flying colors 大获齐胜;胜利天Model: --How did Ellen do on her Ancient History exam?(Ellen古代史考得怎么样?)--She passed with flying colors. (她考得佳极了.)50)get off on the wrong foot 启初便出有乐成;一启初便犯了个过得Model: [1995.5.] --I hate to get off on the wrong foot. (我讨厌一启初便犯过得.)51)get on someone's nerves 使人出有安,使人心烦Model: [1996.8.]--Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change. (为什么您启会早退?我让您的共屋报告您改时间的事了.) --She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerves sometimes. (她记性短佳,奇我真让我心烦.)52)give someone a break 出有要去管,饶了某人吧Model: [1994.5.] --Give me a break. I'm nervous enough as it is.(出有要管我,我已经够紧弛了.)53)head and shoulders above (正在…圆里)强于某人Model: [1991.10.] --In computer programming, Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.(正在估计机编程上,Susan比咱们强.)54)in the red 赤字,背债Model: [1996.5.] --So far the clubs are about three hundred dollars in the red, and we still have four months to go before membership renewal. ( 到暂时为止,俱乐部有300元赤字,然而另有4个月才到接会员费的时间.) --Well, we may have to raise our dues.(那么,咱们必须普及会员费了.)55)in the dark 一无所知;出有相识情况Model: [1994.1.] --Do you have any idea what this notice is about?(您相识那报告道的是什么吗?) --I'm as in the dark as you are. (我也跟您一般出有相识情况.)。
1.absence from 缺席,不在如:His long absence from work delayed his promotion. 他长期不上班,把他的提升给耽误了。
2. absence of 缺乏如:In the absence of my commanding officer, I acted on my own initiative.指挥官不在场, 我主动见机行事。
In the absence of their teacher the class was in a state of anarchy.教师不在, 班上一片混乱.3. access to ……的入口,通路如:The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。
She was forbidden access to the club. 人家不允许她到那个俱乐部去。
4. acquaintance with 相识,了解如:I have only a nodding acquaintance with Japanese. 我对日语仅略知一二。
The guide has some acquaintance with Italian. 导游懂得一点意大利语。
5. action on sth 对……的作用如:Evidences of glacial action on the rocks 岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹6. addition to sth 增加如:She is a beautiful addition to the family. 她是我们家漂亮的新成员。
Can we finance the addition to our home? 我们能负担得起家里新添置的东西吗?7. admission to /into 进入,入(场,学,会)如:How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫?Admission to British universities depends on examination results.英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。
高考英语的名词近年来多以名词词义辨析和名词短语的形势考察,要点是多记单词,常考名词短语要记牢,即使试题中结构发生一定的变化也可以轻松选出答案。
一、常考名词及其词组搭配1.absence ①缺席,不在场【反义词】present 出席,在场②缺乏,不存在词组搭配:①absence of mind 精神不集中,心不在焉②in/during one’s absence 某人不在时③in the absence of 缺少/缺乏….2.access 进入;通道;机会;权利词组搭配:get/have access to sth. 接近;使用3.account ①账目;账户②叙述③原因,理由词组搭配:①on account of= because of 因为②on no account绝不③take …into account 考虑到4.advantage 优势;优点【反义词】disadvantage 不利条件;缺点词组搭配:①take advantage of利用②have/gain the/an advantage over胜过…;比…有优势,占上风③to one’s advantage 对某人有利5.advice 忠告;建议词组搭配:①a piece of advice 一个忠告②ask for one’s advice 征求某人建议③give sb. advice on 给某人在…方面的建议④follow/take one’s advice 遵从、采纳某人建议6.agreement ①同意,一致②协议词组搭配:①arrive at/come to/reach an agreement 达成协议②make an agreement with 与…达成一致③in agreement with 和…一致;符合…;同意…④by agreement 按照约定7.approach ①接近,临近the approach of……的临近②方法,途径【辨析】approach 主要指学习或研究问题的方法method 做某工作固定套路(有某种思路或风格方法)mean 手段by all means 尽一切手段8.average 平均,平均值词组搭配:on average 平均看来above/below average 平均水平之上/之下9.case ①箱子,盒子②事例,案例,情况,病情词组搭配:①in that case 既然这样,假使那样的话②in any case 无论如何③in no case 绝不④in case(+句子)以防万一④in case of 如果,假使10.chance ①机会②可能性词组搭配:①y chace=by accident 偶然,意外②take a chance 冒险11.conflict 斗争,冲突in conflict with 同…相冲突12.consequence ①后果②重要性,价值He is a man of great consequence 他是一个很重要的人物词组搭配:①in consequence =as a consequence 结果,因此②in consequence of=as a consequence of…因为,由于…13.convenience 方便,便利at one’s convenience 在某人方便时14.damage 毁坏,损失词组搭配:①cause damage to sth. 损坏某物②repair the damage 修复损失15.demand 需求in demand 有需求,需求大16.doubt 怀疑,疑问词组搭配:①There’s no doubt that 从句毫无疑问②in doubt 怀疑,不能肯定③without doubt 毫无疑问17.effect 效果;影响词组搭配:①have an effect on sb. 对某人有影响②put/bring…into effect 使生效/实施③come into effect 生效④take effect 见效18.effort 努力①make an/every effort to do 尽力做…②spare no effort 不遗余力19.exchange 交换;互换in exchange for sth. 作为对某物的交换20.favor ①赞同,支持②帮助,恩惠词组搭配:①do sb. a favor 给某人帮忙②in favor of 支持,赞成,有利于21.fun①娱乐②玩笑词组搭配:①have fun doing sth. 做某事感到高兴②make fun of sb 取笑某人③It’s fun to do 做…真有趣④for fun 为了消遣22.hand ①手②(钟表的)指针③帮助词组搭配:①by hand 用手,手工②at hand 即将到来;在附近③give/land sb.a hand 给某人帮助23.instant 瞬间,片刻the instant=instantly 一…就…;引导时间状语24.moment ①一会儿,片刻after a moment 过了一会儿②时间,时刻at the moment词组搭配:①the moment = as soon as 一…就…②for the moment 暂时,目前25.need ①in need of…需要…②in need 在贫困之中,在困难之时26.place ①地方,地点②身份,地位③位置④名次词组搭配:①take place 发生②take one’s place =take the place of 代替,顶替③in place of 代替④in place 在正确的位置⑤out of place 不适当27.point①尖端②点,小数点③要点,论点④分数,得分⑤意义⑥时刻⑦地点,某地方词组搭配:①on the point of 正要做…②to the point 切题,扼要③off the point 离题④There’s no point in doing sth. 做某事没意义28.possession ①拥有;具有②(常用复数)个人财产,私人物品词组搭配:①in possession of sth. 拥有,占有某物②in sb’s possession 为某人所拥有29.quantity ①数量,量②大量,大批(in quantity)常考主谓一致:①quantities of + n. 做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式②a large quantity of +n. 做主语时,谓语动词根据名词确定30.reach ①v.达到②n.伸手可及的距离词组搭配:①out of reach 无法取得联系②within the reach of sb.=within one’s reach 某人能触及的范围③beyond one’s reach=out of one’s reach 超出某人的能力范围31.relief ①宽慰,宽心②(痛苦或不快的)减轻,缓解词组搭配:to one’s relief 令某人宽慰的是32.request 要求,请求词组搭配:at one’s request 应某人的要求;that 从句常用虚拟语气33.return 回来,返回词组搭配: a return trip 返程;in return for 作为对…的回报34.sense ①感官,感觉②判断力;见识③含义;意义词组搭配:①in a sense 在某种意义上②make sense讲得通,有意义③make sense of 弄明白,理解35.sight ①视力②视力范围,视野③景象,情景词组搭配:①lose one’s sight 失明②catch sight of 发现③in/within sight 在视野内,看得见④out of sight 看不见⑤come into sight 出现(在视野中)36.stage ①舞台②时期;阶段词组搭配:①go on the stage 当演员,登台演出②set the stage for 为…做准备= prepare for③stage by stage 逐步地,循序渐进地=gradually37.strength ①力量,力气②实力,优势38.supply ①供应量②补给,补给品(常用复数)词组搭配:be in short supply 供应不足supplies of 许多的=quantities of=many=lots of=plenty of39.surprise ①惊奇,诧异②令人惊奇的事词组搭配:①in surprise=surprisingly惊奇地②to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是③take…by surprise 出其不意地抓获;突袭40.taste ①味道,滋味②爱好,志趣,鉴赏力,欣赏力词组搭配:to one’s taste 符合某人的口味41.time ①时间;②时候③次数④时期,时令⑤时代(常用复数)⑥倍数(复数)高考常考:在虚拟语气中的运用(过去式)It is (high)time that sb. should do (should不可省略)词组搭配:all the time 一直;at a time依次;at one time 曾经;in time 及时at times/from time to time 有时,偶尔;on time 准时;at the same time 同时at no time 绝不;ahead of time 提前;in no time 立刻42.way ①道路,路线②方式,方法③方向④门口,出入通道the way in/out 入/出口词组搭配:①by way of 经过;经由;②by the way 顺便说③on the/one’s way (to)在去…的路上④in the way 阻碍;挡道⑤in this/that way 用这种,那种方法⑥all the way 一路上,一直⑧out of the way 不在挡路,不再碍事⑨no way 没门43.辨析affair 正式用语,指事务。
一名词词组和固定搭配1、介词+名词by accident 偶然on account of 因为,由于,为了…的缘故in addition 另外,加之in addition to 除…之外(还)in the air 流传中on (the / an) average 通常,按平均值on the basis of 根据,在…的基础上at best 充其量,至多for the better 好转,向好的方向发展on board 在船(车或飞机)上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公,因事in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case of 假如,如果发生;防备in case 假使,以防(万一)in no case 决不,无论如何不by chance 偶然,碰巧in charge (of) 负责,管理(a) round the clock 日夜不停地in common 共用的,共有的in conclusion 最后,总之on condition (that) 如果in confidence 私下地,秘密地in connection with 关于,与…有关in consequence 因此,结果in consequence of 由于…的缘故,因为on the contrary 正相反in contrast with/to 与…对比起来,与…形成对比out of control 失去控制under control 处于控制之下at all costs 不惜任何代价,无论如何at the cost of以…为代价in the course of 在…过程中,在…期间of course 当然,自然in danger 在危险中,垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过时的,不用的up to date 现代化的,切合目前情况的in demand 非常需要的,受欢迎的in debt 欠债,负债in detail 详细地in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下了班(的),不在值班(的)on duty 在上班(的),在值班(的)on earth 究竟,到底at all events 无论如何,不管怎样in any event 无论如何,不管怎样in the event of 万一,倘若for example 例如in the face of 在…面前;不顾in fact 其实,实际上in favo(u)r of 赞同,支持on fire 着火,起火on foot 步行in force 生效,有效;在实施中;大量的in front of 在…前面,在…面前in future 今后,从今以后in the future 在将来in general 一般说来,大体上on (one’s) guard 警惕,地方;站岗,值班in half 成两半at hand 近在手边,在附近by hand 用手,同体力hand down 把…传下去hand in hand 手拉手;密切关联地,同时并进地in hand (工作等)在进行中;在控制中on hand 在手边,在近处on (the) one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面at heart 内心里,本质上by heart 凭记性at home 在家,在国内;舒适,无拘束;熟悉,精通in hono(u)r of 为纪念,为了向…表示敬意on/upon one’s hono(u)r 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙,急于for instance 例如,比如at intervals 不时,每隔一段时间(或距离)at (long) last 终于at least 至少at length 终于,最终;详细地in (the) light of 鉴于,由于in line 成一直线,成一排;(with)与…一致,与…符合at a loss 困惑,不知所措as a matter of fact 其实,事实上by all means 当然可以by means of 依靠,用by no means 决不,并没有in memory of 纪念at the mercy of 完全受…支配,任凭…的摆布by mistake 错误地at the moment 目前,此刻for the moment 目前,暂时on occasion(s)有时,间或in order to 为了(做某事)in order that 目的在于,为了out of order 工作不正常的;不按次序on one’s ow n 独自;独立地in particular 特别,尤其in person 亲自,本人in place 在合适的位置in place of 代替,交换,取代in the first place 第一,首先out of place 不在合适的位置;格格不入的on the point of 正要…之际,就要…之时to the point 切中要害,切题in practice 在时间中,实际上out of practice 生疏的,荒废的at present 目前,现在for the present 目前,暂时in proportion to 与…成比例in public 公开地,当众on purpose 敌意,有意in question 正在谈论的at random 随便地,任意地at any rate 无论如何,至少by reason of 由于as regards 关于,至于with/in regard to 对于,就…而论in relation to 有关,关于,涉及with respect to 关于,至于as a result 作为结果,因此as a result of 作为…的结果,由于in return (for) 作为(对…的)报答(或回报、交换)on the road (to) 在去…的旅途中;在…过程中as a rule 通常,一般说来in the long run 终究,从长远看for the sake of 为了…起见,看在…的份上on sale 出售;廉价出售on a…scale…规模地,在…规模上in secret 秘密地,暗地里in a sense 从某种意义上说in (good) shape 处于(良好)状态on the side 作为兼职或副业;暗地里at first sight 乍一看,初看起来out of sight 看不见,在视野之外in spite of 不管,不顾on the spot 在场,到场;立即,马上,当场in step 同步,合拍,协调out of step 不合拍,不协调in stock 有现货的,有库存的in sum 总而言之in tears 流着泪,含着泪,在哭着in terms of 从…方面来说,按照;用…的话for one thing 首先,一则at a time 每次,一次at no time 从不,决不at one time 曾经,一度at the same time 同时;不过,然而at times 有时,间或for the time being 眼下,暂时from time to time有时,不时in no time 立即,马上in time 及时on time 准时on top of 除…之外out of touch(with) 不联系,不接触in truth 事实上,的确by turns 轮流地,交替地in turn 依次地,轮流地;转而,反过来in vain 徒然,白费力a variety of 种种,多种多样的by virtue of 由于,借于by the way 顺便地,附带地说by way of 经由,经过;通过…方式in a way 在某一点上看,在某种程度上in no way 决不in sb’s/the way 妨碍(某人)的,挡(某人)道的on the whole 总的来说,大体上in a word 一句话,简言之,总之in other words 换句话说,也就是说at work 在干活,在工作;在起作用,在运转out of work 失业in the world 究竟,到底2、动词+名词have/gain access to 可以获得take…into account 考虑到,顾及,体谅take advantage of 占…的便宜,利用pay attention to 注意do/try one’s best 尽力,努力get/have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get/have the better of 战胜,在…中占上风catch one’s breath 屏息;喘气,气喘,歇口气take care 注意,当心take care of 爱护,照料take a chance 冒险,投机take change 开始管理,接管keep…company 陪伴take (a) delight in 以…为乐make a difference 有影响,起(重要)作用carry/bring/put into effect 使生效,实行,实现come/go into effect 生效,实施take effect 生效,起作用catch sb.’s eye 被某人看到,引起某人注意keep an eye on 留神,照看,密切注意make a face 做鬼脸find fault with 抱怨,挑剔,找岔子catch (on) fire 着火,开始燃烧make friends (with) 与…交朋友be friends with 与…友好make fun of 取笑,拿…开玩笑keep sb.’s head 保持镇静lose sb.’s head慌乱,仓皇失措lose heart 丧失勇气,失去信心get/catch/take hold of 抓住,得到keep house 管理家务throw/cast light on/upon 使人了解,阐明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 考虑到,想到make up one’s mind 下定决心,打定主意bring/put into operation 实施,实行,生效keep pace (with) 与…齐步前进,与…并驾齐驱play a part (in) 起作用,参与,扮演角色take place 发生,进行,举行take the place of 代替,取代put into practice 实施,实行make progress 进步,进展give rise to 引起,导致为…的原因make sense 讲得通,有意义,言之有理catch sight of 发现,突然看见(go) on the stage 当演员take one’s time 不着急,不慌忙keep track of 与…保持联系lose track of 失去与…的联系,不能跟上…的进展make use of 利用put to use 使用give way 让路;屈服,让步;倒塌,塌陷make one’s way 前往,行进,去make way 让路,腾出地方或位置3、名词词组的其他形式appeal to 呼吁,恳求attempt at 企图,努力attitude to/towards 态度,看法a great/good deal of 大量,非常,极其influence on 影响interference in 干涉,介入interference with 妨碍,打扰introduction to 介绍a lot (of) 许多(的),大量(的)lots of 大量,很多fall in love (with sb.) 爱上(某人)reply to 回答,答复trolley bus 电车I.D. card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑地,很可能next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地a few 有些,几个quite a few 不少,相当多a little 一点,一些little by little 逐渐地,一点点地quite a little 相当多,不少no matter 无论the moment (that) 一…就no more 不再fair play 公平竞赛,公平对待rest room 厕所,盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩地,一起heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步地ahead of time 提前all the time 一直,始终once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔no wonder 难怪,并不奇怪word for word 逐字地decline with thanks 婉言谢绝二、动词词组和固定搭配1、动词+介词/副词account for 说明…的原因,是…的原因allow for 考虑到,估计,为…留出余地appeal to 诉诸,诉请裁决(或证实等)arrive at 达成ask after 探问,问起attach to 附属于,隶属于;使一连,使喜爱be begin with 首先,第一break down 损坏;(将抗等)垮掉,崩溃break in 非法闯入,强行进入break off 中断,突然停止break out 逃脱,逃走;突然出现,爆发break trough 突破,冲破;取得突破性成就break up 终止,结束;打碎,粉碎;散开,驱散bring about 导致,引起bring down 使落下,打倒;降低,减少bring forth 产生,提出bring forward 提出,提议;提前bring out 使显出;激起,引起;出版,推出bring to 使恢复知觉bring up 教养,养育;提出build up 逐渐积聚,集结;逐步建立;增进,增强burn out 烧光,烧毁…的内部;熄灭burn up 烧掉,烧毁;烧起来,旺起来;(使)发怒call for 叫(某人)来;要求,需要call off 取消call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召,要求call up 召集;使人想起;打电话(给)care for 照顾,照料;喜欢carry off 夺走,拿走carry on 继续,进行carry out 实行,执行;实现,完成catch at 试图抓住,拼命抓catch on 理解,懂得;流行起来check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到check out 结帐后离开,办妥手续离去check up (on) 检查,核实cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来clear away 把…清除掉,收拾clear up 清理;澄清,解决;(天)放晴come off 脱落,分开;结果,表现come on [表示鼓励、催促等]快,走吧;开始,发生;进步,进展come out 发表,出版;出现,显露;结果是come round (around)顺便来访;苏醒,复原come through 经历…仍活着,安然度过come to 苏醒;涉及,谈到;总数为,结果是come up 走上前来;发生,出现count on/upon 依靠,指望count up 共计,算出…的总数cover up 掩饰,掩盖;盖住,裹住cross off/out 划掉,勾销cut across 抄近路穿过,对直通过cut back 削减,缩减;急忙返回cut down 削减,减少;杀死,砍倒cut in 超车抢档;插嘴,打断cut off 切断,阻碍;使分离,使隔绝cut out 删去,切去;戒除,停止服用cut short 中断,打断deal with 处理,对付;论述,涉及deep down 实际上,在心底die down 逐渐消失,变弱die out 逐渐消失,灭绝do without 没有…也行,用不着,将就draw in (火车,汽车)到站;(天)渐黑,(白昼)渐短draw up 起草,拟订;(使)停住dress up 穿上盛装,精心打扮,装饰,修饰drop by/in 顺便(或偶然)访问drop off 下降,减少;睡着,入睡;让…下车,把…放下drop out 退出,退学dry out (使)干透dry up (使)干透,(使)干涸;(使)枯竭fall behind 落后,落在…的后面fall through 落空,成为泡影fall out 争吵,失和;脱落fill in 填满;填写;(for) 替代find out 查明,找出,发现get across (将…)清楚,(使)被了解get around/round 走动,克服,设法回避(问题等);(to)抽出时间来做(或考虑)get at 够得找,触及;意思是,意指;查名,发现;指责get away 逃脱;走开,离开;(with)做了(坏事)而逃脱责罚get by 通过;过得去,(勉强)过活get down (从…)下来;写下;使沮丧;(to)开始认真做,着手做get in 进入,抵达;收获(庄稼等);(with)对…亲近get into (使)进入;卷入;对…发生兴趣get off (从…)下来;动身,出发;下班,结束(工作);逃脱惩罚get over 克服,解决(问题等);(从疾病、失望等)中恢复过来get through 度过(时间);(使)通过(考试),(使)(议案等)获得通过;(将…)讲清楚,完成;接通电话get together 相聚,聚集get up 起床;起立give away 泄露;赠送give back (归)还give in 交上,呈上;投降,屈服,认输give off 发出(光、声音等),散发出(气味)give out 分发;用完;消耗尽;发出(光、声音)give up 停止,放弃;(oneself)自首go after 追求,追赶go ahead 开始;进行go by 遵守,遵循,依据;(时间)过去go down 下降,减少;(船)沉没,(日)落;(with)生…病;(well 或badly)(不)受欢迎,(不)被接受go for 袭击;适用于;选择,想要获得;喜爱go into 进入,参加;开始从事;研究,调查go off 爆炸,开火,突然响起;(电等)中断,停止;不再喜欢go out 外出(尤指参加社会活动);过时;(潮)退,(灯)熄,终止;送出,公布,播出go over 仔细检查,察看;复习,重做go round/around 足够分配;(with)常…与交往;流传;四处走动,到处活动go through 经历,遭受;详细检查,查找,详细讨论;获得通过,被批准;(with)将…干到底go under 沉没;失败;破产go up 上升,上涨,增长;正在建设中;烧毁,炸毁go with 跟…相配;与…相伴;附属于go without 没有hand in 交上,递交hand on 把…传下去hand out 奋发,散发hand over 交出,移交hang about/around 闲荡,闲呆着hang on 坚持,抓紧,不放;等待片刻,(打电话时)不挂段;有赖于;取决于hang up 挂断(电话);悬挂,挂起have on 穿着,戴着hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保守(秘密等)hold on 坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)不挂断,等一会hold out 维持,保持;坚持(要求),不屈服hold up 支持,支撑,延迟;抢劫;展示,举出hurry up (使)赶快,匆匆完成improve on/upon 改进;胜过keep back 阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保留keep off (使)不接近,(使)让开keep to 遵守,信守;坚持keep up 保持,(使)继续下去;(使)居高不下let down 放下,降低;使失望let off 宽舒,放过;开(枪),放(炮,烟火等);排放let out 防走,释放;泄露,放出,发出lie in (问题、事情等)在于line up (使)排队,(使)排成行live on 靠…生活,以…为食物live through 度过,经受住live up to 符合,不辜负(期望);遵守,实践(诺言、原则等)look after 照管,照料;注意,关心look at 看,朝…看;考虑,研究;看待look back (on) 回顾,回忆;回头看look for 寻找,寻求;惹来,招来look in 顺便看望,顺便访问look into 调查,观察look on 旁观,观看look out (for) 留神,注意look over 把…看一遍,把…过目;察看,参观look through 详尽核查;(从头至尾)浏览look up 好转;(在词典等中)查找;看望,拜访;(to)尊敬make for 走向,朝…前进;有助于,促进make out 辨认出,看出;理解,了解;写出,开出make up 构成,组成;(为…)化装;补充,补足;和解,重归于好;捏造,临时编造,虚构mix up 混淆,弄混,弄乱occur to 被想到,被想起pass away 去世pass off (as) 充作,被看作,被当作pass out 失去知觉,昏倒pay back 偿还,还钱给(某人);向…报复,回报pay off 还清(债);付清工资解雇(某人);向…行贿;得到好结果,取得成功pay up 全部付清pick out 选出,挑出,拣出;辨认出,分辨出pick up 拿起,捡起;取(给),用车接载(人);好转,改进,增加(速度);(使)重新开始,继续;获得,学会pull down 拆毁pull in (车)停秒,车进站,船(到岸)pull off 脱去,扯下;(成功地)完成pull out 拔出,抽出,驱除;(车、船)驶出;(使)摆脱困境pull together 齐心协力,团结起来pull up (使)停下put across/over 结实清楚,使被理解put aside 储存,保留;暂不考虑,把…放在一边put away 放好,收好put in 花费,付出(时间、精力等);申请,正式提出put on 穿上,戴上;上演;增加(体重)put out 熄灭,关(灯);出版,发出;生产;伸出put up 建造,支起,搭起;张贴;进行(抵抗等);提供,提名,提出;提高(价格、速度);为…提供事宿,投宿refer to 参考,查阅;涉及,提到;指的是ring off 挂断电话run down 撞到;说…坏话,贬低;停止运转,耗尽;减少,缩减;查找出,搜索到run into 偶然碰见;遭遇(困难等);共计,达到…之多;撞在…上run off 很快写出;复印出,印出;跑掉,逃掉run over 在…上驶过,(撞倒并)碾过;把…很快地(或粗略地)过一遍see off 为…送行see through 看透,识破see to 注意,照料send for 派人去请,召唤;函购,函索send in 呈报,递交,提交set aside 留出,拨出(时间、金钱等);把…置于一旁,不理会set back 推迟,延缓,阻碍;使花费set down 记下,写下set forth 阐明,陈述set off 出发,起程;引起,激起set out 陈述,阐明;动身,起程;开始;摆放set up 创立,建立,为…做准备;竖立,架起,建造;开业,开始经商show off 炫耀,卖弄show up 显露,暴露;露面,来到shut out 把…排斥在外sit in on 列席(会议),旁听sit up 不睡,熬夜;坐直speed up (使)加快速度stand by 站在…一边,支持,帮助;袖手旁观;坚持(决议等),遵守(诺言等);作好准备,准备行动stand for 代替,代表,意味着,主张,支持;[用与否定、疑问句]容忍,接受stand out 清晰地显出,引人注目;杰出,出色stand up 站起来;(论点、论据等)站得住脚step up 提高,加快,加紧stick out (把…)坚持到底;突出,显眼stick to 坚持,忠于,信守;紧跟,紧随;粘贴在…上2、后接动名词的动词搭配aim at 目的在于,旨在;瞄准;企图accuse…of… 控告;谴责depend on 取决于,视…而定;依靠,依赖;信赖,相信devote to 将…奉献给;把…专用(于)engage in 从事于,参加feel like 想要go on (时间)过去;灯亮;开始运行;继续,接着;进行,发生cannot/couldn’t help 禁不住;不得不insist on 坚持,强调,坚决要求keep from 阻止,抑制keep on 继续进行,继续下去look forward to 盼望,期待persist in 坚持不懈,执着prevent from 预防,防止put off 推迟,推延;阻止,劝阻set about 开始,着手succeed in 成功thank for 感谢think of 想起,记得;想出,提出;考虑,关心3、其他动词词组add up to 合计达,总括起来,意味着break away (from) 突然离开,强行逃脱catch up with 赶上;对…产生恶果come true (预言,期望等)实现,成为事实come up to 达到(标准),比得上come up with 提出,提供,想出do away with 废除,去掉fall back on 借助于,依靠fall in with 符合,同意,赞成;与…交往as follows 如下get along with 与…相处(融洽)get down to 开始认真处理,着手做give oneself up 自首give way to 给…让路,对…让步,被…代替go along with 赞同go back on 违背(诺言等)go in for 从事,参加;爱好hang on to 紧紧抓住;保留(某物)lend itself to 适合于let alone 不打扰,不惊动,更别提let go (of) 放开,松手live up to 符合,不辜负(期望);遵守,实践(诺言、原则等)look up to 尊敬look down on/upon 看不起,轻视make up for 补偿,弥补never mind 不要紧,没关系;不用担心,别管put in for 正式申请put up with 容忍,忍受refer to…as… 把…称作,把…当作run out of 用完,耗尽serve…right 给…应得的惩罚set in 开始(并将延续下去)stand up for 支持,维持,保卫stand up to 勇敢地面对,抵抗;经得起,顶得住take…as 把…当作,认为think of…as 把…看作是,以为…是think better of 经过考虑对…改变主意(或看法)三、形容词词组和固定搭配be able to (do) 能(做),会(做)be about to (do) 即将,正要be absent from 缺勤,缺课be abundant in 丰富的,富裕的be accustomed to 习惯于,适应于be acquainted with 与…相识,熟悉,了解be active in 积极于be afraid of 恐怕,害怕,担扰be alive to 注意到,对…敏感be angry at 因某事生气be angry with 对…发怒be anxious about 担心,为…担忧be anxious for 急切盼望,渴望be anxious to (do) 渴望(做)be ashamed of 为…感到害臊be aware of 意识到be bad at 拙于,不善于be based on 根据,以…为基础be beside oneself 极度兴奋,对自己的情感失去控制be better off 生活优越起来,境况好起来be bound to (do) 一定会,不得不be careful to (do) 务必注意(做)be certain to (do) 一定(做),必然(做)be capable of 能够be confident in 对…有信心be characterized by 以…为特征be clever at 擅长于be combined with 与…结合be composed of 由……组成be concerned about 关心,挂念be curious to (do) 很想(做)be dependent on/upon 取决于,依赖be determined to (do) 决心(做)be different from 与…不同be eager for 渴望be eager to (do) 急于要(做)be equal to 等于be famous for 以…著名be fond of 喜欢,爱好be free from 无…的,摆脱了…的be friendly to 对…友好be glad to (do) 乐于(做),对…感到高兴be good at (doing) 善于,擅长be good for 适于,在…期间有效be grateful to 感谢,感激be independent of 脱离…而独立,与…无关be indispensable for 对…必不可少的be interested in 对…感兴趣be kind enough to (do) 承…好意,恳请be late for 迟到be likely to (do) 可能要,像是要be mad about 迷恋be well off 生活富裕be pleased to (do) 乐于be pleased with 对…感到满意be popular with 得人心的,受…欢迎的be present at 出席be proud of 以…自豪,因…感到满意be ready for 为…准备好be rich in 富于be satisfied with 对…满意,满足于be second to 次于be short for 是…的缩写(简称)be short of 短缺be sick for 渴望be sick in bed 病在床上be sick of 对…感到厌倦be sorry for 对…感到抱歉be strict with 对…要求严格be suited to 适合于be supposed to (do) 应该,非…不可be sure of 坚信,确信be sure to (do) 一定,必定be surprised at 对…感到惊奇be through with 结束be tired from 因…而疲乏be tired of 厌烦;对…厌倦be tired out 疲倦,急了be true of 适用于be unconscious of 不知道…be unequal to 无法胜任…的be unfit for 不适合,不胜任be useful to 对…有用be well up in 精通,熟悉be wild with joy 欣喜be willing to (do) 乐意…be worried about 为…而担心be worse off 处境较坏,情况恶化be worth (doing) 值得(做)be wrong with 有点毛病,有些不舒服四、其他词组和固定搭配above all 首先,尤其是after all 终究,毕竟,究竟at all [用于否定句]丝毫,一点all but 几乎,差不多;除了…都all over 遍及,到处in all 总共,合计not at all 一点也不leave alone 让…独自呆着;不打扰,不干预along with 和…一起,和…一道one after another 一个接一个,相继one another 互相anything but 绝对不as…as 像…一样as for 至于,关于as well 也,同样as well as 除…之外(也),既…又not as/so…as 不如…那样back and forth 反复地,;来回地(in) back of 在…后面,在…背后because of 由于,因为had better 还是…好,应该both…and 既…又…,两个都but for 倘没有,要不是each other 互相either…or 或…或or else 否则,要不然even if/though 即使,虽然except for 除…外,除去;要不是由于as/so far as 就…,到…程度by far… 得多,最far from 远远不,完全不so far 迄今为止;到某个程度first of all 首先if only 要是…多好by itself 独自地,自动地in itself 本质上,就其本身而言no less than 不少于,多达as/so long as 只要,如果;既然,如果no longer 不再,已不a great/good many of 相当多,很多many a 许多的more and more 越来越more or less 差不多,几乎,大约at most 至多,不超过make the most of 充分利用,尽量利用neither…nor (既)不…也不,(既)非…也非(every) now and then 时间,偶尔just now 刚才,才不久;现在,眼下now (that) 既然,由于off and on 断断续续地,间歇地,有时and so on 等等all at once 突然,忽然;同时,一切at once 立刻,马上;同时,一起once (and) for all 一劳永逸地,永远地once more/again 再一次by oneself 独自地,单独地every other 每隔一个的other than 不同于,非;除了over and over (again) 一再地,再三地all right 好,行;令人满意的,不错的;(健康)良好的,安然无恙的ever since 从那时起,自那时以来ever so 非常,极其or so 大约,左右so that 以便,为使;所以,因此so…that 如此…以致such as 诸如,例如such…that 那样的…以致that is (= i. e.) 就是说,即as though 好像,仿佛up to 胜任…的,适于…的;密谋…的;是…义不容辞的,是…的职责;取决于…的,须由…决定的;(时间上)一直到;(数目上)一直到,多达what about [征求意见时用]…怎么样what if 如果…将会怎样whether…or 是…还是,不管…还是go wrong 发生故障,出毛病;出错,犯错误and yet 可是,然而at yet 至今abide by 履行,遵守adapt to 适应adhere to 粘附;胶着;坚持apologize (-ise) to/for 道歉,认错cling to 粘住;依附;坚持collide with 抵触,冲突;碰撞,互撞compensate for 补偿,赔偿comply with 依从,服从,遵从conceive of 设想,构思出conform to 遵守,依照,符合,顺应consult with 商量,商议cooperate with 合作,协作,相配合cope with (成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理deduce from 演绎,推断derive from 起源,衍生deviate from 背离,偏离dispose of 处理,解决;曲调,丢掉,除掉dwell on/upon 老是想着;详述hinder from 阻碍,妨碍impose on 把…强加于originate in/from 起源于,来自,产生participate in 参与,参加preside at/over 主持,主管prevail over 获胜,占优势prevail on/upon 说服,劝说,诱使reconcile to 使顺从(于),使甘心(于)reign to 使顺从restrain from 抑制,制止sacrifice to 牺牲,献出,献祭,供奉scrape by/through 勉强通过specialize in 专攻,专门研究testify to 表明,证明flare up 突然燃烧起来,突然发怒queue up 排成队(等候)correspondence with 通信dissatisfaction with/at 不满exposure to 暴露,显露;曝光objection to 反对,异议preference for/to 偏爱,喜爱;优惠;优先选择proficiency in 熟练,精通requirement for/to 需要,需要的东西,要求thirst for 渴望,热望by sequence 依次,逐一at stake 在危急关头,在危险中in accordance with 与…一致,依照,根据on/in behalf of 代表,为了on the sly 偷偷地in excess of 超过to and fro 来来回回on schedule 按时间表,及时,准时五、超纲词组和固定搭配put into use 使用,应用be satisfied with 满足be satisfied of 相信hardly…when 刚…就…come to a conclusion 得出结论avoid doing sth. 避免干某事decline invitation 辞谢邀请agree on/upon 取得一致意见may (might) as well 还是…好argue about 争论take (make) a stand for 捍卫take (make) a stand against 反对come after 跟随in support of 支持lie up 躺着休息beside the question 离题refresh one’s memory 使人记起bring to mind 使人想起compile dictionary 编字典present sb. with sth. 送给某人某礼物indifferent to 不在乎go on strike 罢工against one’s will 违心地in one’s will 在…遗嘱中of one’s free will 出于自愿with ease 容易,不费力prepare for 准备get to 开始;到达fall off 下降fall away 背离televise live 实况转播by the moment 到…时have intention of 有意,打算no intention of 无意,不打算have not the least idea of 不知道have no desire for 对…没有欲望have desire to do sth. 想做某事have sth. in stock 有现货be particular about 讲究the key to…的答案(线索、办法)carry about 随身携带pass for 被认为(当作)be of little value 没什么价值cure sb. of 治好某人…pull back 撤退pull round 掉头,转向;康复pull along 沿…拉die off 死去,凋谢drop down 落下do sth. for a living 靠做某事谋生make a name of oneself 出名,扬名glimpse of 瞥见,一瞥glance at 瞥见,一瞥be on good terms with sb. 与某人友好entitle sb. (to do) sth. 给予某人(干)某事的权利beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力take interest in 对…发生兴趣be answerable for 应对…hundreds of 数以百计的be lacking in 缺乏break into tears (cheers) 突然哭(欢呼)起来in correspondence with 与…联系(通信)be advantageous to 对…头利be beneficial to 对…有益in debt to sb. 欠某人的债be it that 即使assure sb. of sth. 委托某人某事put (set) right 使恢复正常,纠正错误on the way 在途中off the way 远离正道keep on with 坚持make an attempt 试图in the mood for sth. 对某事有心境escape doing sth. 躲避干某事set a limit to 限制within the limit of 在…范围内call at 访问go blank (头脑)变成空白go dim (大脑)混沌go faint 晕过去be subjected to 遭受be attached to 附属于not on any account 决不take pains to do sth. 费尽苦心做某事a multitude of 大量(按复数名词)give rise to 导致give reason to 对…进行解释give suspicion to 对…怀疑make provision for 为…做准备be involved in 卷入,陷入be assigned to 被分配给…be bored to death 烦死了step into 插入,干涉adapt for 调整a close (narrow)shave 侥幸的脱险。
名词性词组1. by accident 偶然地2.in accordance with 与…一致3.on account of 因为4.in addition (to)除了5.in advance 提前6.take advantage of 利用7.in agreement with 与…一致8.answer to 对…的回答9.an appetite for 对…的爱好10.on arrival 已到达11.out of control 失去控制12.in association with 与…相联系13.on the average 平均数14.on the basis of 在…基础15.on board 在船、飞机上16.on behalf of 代表17.(run)out of breath 跑得喘不过气来18.on business 忙于事业19.in any case 无论如何20.by chance 偶然,碰巧21.in case (of)万一22.in charge of 负责23.around the clock 昼夜不停地24.in common 共同的,共有的25.in conclusion 最后,总之26.by comparison 与…相比较27.on condition that 如果,在…条件下28.in connection with/to 关于29.in consequence of 由于,因为…的缘故30.on the contrary 相反31.in contrast with/to 与…截然不同,形成对比32.in the course of 在…过程中33.at the cost of 以…为代价34.out of date 过时out of danger 脱离危险out of fashion 过时,不再时兴out of work 失去工作out of order 失去控制out of practice 荒疏out of question 毫无疑问35.in debt负债36.under discussion处于讨论之中37.in detail 详细地38.in the distance 在远处39.at sb’s disposal 受到某人的摆布40.off earth 究竟41.in effect 事实上,实际上42.off duty 下班43.in the end 最终,终于44.at all events 无论如何45.in the event of 万一46.in essence 本质上47.with the exception 除了情况48.in excess 过度,超过49.to an extent 到达…程度50.face to face 面对面地成人英语三级辅导:状语从句翻译训练(1)将下列句子译成中文,注意状语从句中连词的用法。
英语语法讲解名词词组与动名词人们在学习英语语法时都有这样的体会,在面对各种语类、语态、句子结构已经够心烦了,什么时态里的现在完成进行时、过去将来一般时云云更是让人觉得头昏脑胀。
不用担心,以下是收集整理的英语语法讲解:名词词组与动名词,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
名词短语或动名词主句(或者从句)中做主语或者宾语。
A.语法复习由名词构成名词词组的几种方法1. n. + adj.短语,如the jobs available to women2. n. +介词短语,如a child with reading problem3. adv. + v.-ed + n.,如seemingly limited number4. n. + v.-ed短语或者-ing短语5. n. of sthB.例题例题1(1999年1月考题)____in the desert is mainly due to the limited supply of desert water.(A) Plants are widely spaced(B) The spacing of plants is wide(C) Plants to be spaced widely(D) The wide spacing of plants首先分析句子结构。
该句的主干是:is due to the limited supply.这里,句子缺主语。
所以,空格中应该填入名词或者名词词组。
选项A和B都是完整的主谓结构,而非名词或名词词组。
根据due to的用法,我们又能排除C,所以正确答案是D。
例题2(1999年1月考题)Most leaves are coated with a waterproof _____, or cuticle.(A) that the covering(B) and is covering(C) covering(D) by covering这已经是一个简单的句子结构,即主谓完整。
名词和名词词组之马矢奏春创作一、名词的语法分类和名词词组的句法功能1.名词的分类1)按构词法可氛围简单名词、复合名词和派生名词例如:简单名词:man,girl,water复合名词:armchair,farmland,seaside派生名词:arrangement,ability2)按词汇意义可分为:普通名词和专有名词普通名词暗示一类的人或物(包含抽象概念)的名称,又可分为个体名词(boy,tiger…);集体名词(family,team…);和物质名词(air,snow,bread…);抽象名词(education,friendship…)。
专有名词暗示个人、国家、地方、组织等的专有名称。
3)按语法特征分为:可数名词和不成数名词个体名词(car,peach,teacher…)都是可数名词都有单复数形式;集体名词有的可数,有的不成数;物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词通常为不成数名词。
(关系如图)2.名词的句法功能(不重要,列出来只是为了坚持知识的完整性)名词的结构模式:(限定词)+(前置修饰语)+名词+(后置修饰语)名词词组用途广泛,它可以在句中充当除谓语动词以为的各种成分:①作主语②作补语③作宾语④作同位语⑤作介词补足成分⑥作状语和连词二、名词的数1.不成数名词:1)不成数名词没有单复数之分,它包含抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词。
例如:health,advice,glass,wood,English注意:不成数名词暗示个体时,须用单位名词(量词)经常使用的单位名词有:a piece of,an article of,a bar of,a loaf of, a bottle of, a head of…2)以-ics结尾的暗示学科名称的名词一般用作单数。
例如:mathematics,physics…但暗示学科以外的其他意义,可用作复数例如:mathematics有时候也暗示运算能力的意义3)某些以-s结尾指单一事物的专有名词常作单数。
一、名词词组和固定搭配1.介词+名词by accident 偶然on account of 因为,由于,为了……的缘故in addition to 另外,加之in addition 除…之外(还)in the air 流传中on (the/an) average 按平均值,通常on the basis of 根据,在…的基础上at best 充其量,至多for the better 好转,向好的方向发展on board 在船(车或飞机)上out of breath 喘不过气来on business 因公,因事in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case of 假如,如果发生;防备in case 假使,以防(万一)in no case 决不,无论如何不by chance 偶然,碰巧in charge (of) 负责,管理(a)round the lock 日夜不停地in common 共用的,共有的in conclusion 最后,总之on condition (that) 如果in consequence of 由于…的缘故,因为on the contrary 正相反in contrast with/to 与…对比起来,与…形成对比out of control 失去控制under control 处于控制之下at all cots 不惜任何代价,无论如何at the cost of 以…为代价in the course of 在…过程中,在…期间of course 当然,自然in danger 在危险中,垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过时的,不用的up to date 现代化的,切合目前情况的in demand 非常需要的,受欢迎的in debt 欠债,负债in detail 详细他in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 在远处off duty 下了班(的),不在值班(的)on duty 在上班(的),在值班(的)on earth 究竟,到底at all events 无论如何,不管怎样in any event 无论如何,不管怎样in the event of 万一,倘若for example 例如in the face of 在…面前;不顾in fact 其实,实际上in favo(u)r of 赞同,支持on fire 着火,起火on foot 步行in force 生效,有效;在实施中;大量的in front of 在…面前,在…前面in future 今后,从今以后in the future 在将来in general 一般说来,大体上on (one’s) guard 警惕,提防;站岗,值班in half 成两半at hand 近在手边,在附近by hand 用手,用体力hand down 把…传下去hand in hand 手拉手;密切关联地,同时并进地in hand (工作等)在进行中;在控制中on hand 在手边,在近处on (the) one hand 一方面on the other hand 另一方面at heart 内心里,本质上by heart 凭记性at home 在家,在国内;舒适,无拘束;熟悉,精通in hono(u)r of 为纪念,为了向…表示敬意on/upon one’s hono(u)r 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙,急于for instance 例如;比如at intervals 不时,每隔一段时间(或距离)at (long) last 终于at least 至少at length 终于,最终;详细地in (the) light of 鉴于,由于2.动词+名词have/gain access to 可以获得take…into account 考虑到,顾及,体谅take advantage of 占…的便宜,利用pave the way (for) 铺平道路,为…作准备pay attention to 注意do/try one’s best 尽力,努力get/have the best of 战胜make the best of 充分利用get/have the better of 战胜,在…中占上风catch one’s breath 屏息;喘气,气喘;歇口气take care 注意,当心take care of 爱护,照料take a chance 冒险,投机take charge 开始管理,接管keep…company 陪伴take (a) delight in 以…为乐make a difference 有影响,起(重要)作用carry/bring/put into effect 使生效,实行,实现come/go into effect 生效,实施take effect 生效,起作用catch sb’s eye 被某人看到,引起某人注意keep an eye on 留神,照看,密切注意make a face 做鬼脸find fault with 抱怨,挑剔,找岔子catch (on) fire 着火,开始燃烧make fiends (with) 与(…)交朋友be friends with 与…友好make fun of 取笑,拿…开玩笑keep sb’s head 保持镇静in the world 究竟,到底lose sb’s head 慌乱,仓皇失措lose heart 丧失勇气,失去信心get/catch/take hold of 抓住,得到keep house 管理家务throw/cast light on/upon 使人了解,阐明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 考虑到,想到make up one’s mind 下定决心,打定主意bring/put into operation 实施,使生效,使运行come/go into operation 施行,实行,生效keep pace (with) 与(…)齐步前进,与(…)并驾齐驱play a part (in) 起作用,参与,扮演角色take place 发生,进行,举行take the place of 代替,取代put into practice 实施,实行make progress 进步,进展give rise to 引起,导致为…的原因make sense 讲得通,有意义,言之有理catch sight of 发现,突然看见(go) on the stage 当演员take one’s time 不着急,不慌忙keep track of 与…保持联系lose track of 失去与…的联系,不能跟上…的进展make use of 利用put to use 使用give way 让路;屈服,让步;倒塌,坍陷make one’s way 前往,行进,去make way 让路,腾出地方或位置3.名词词组的其他形式appeal to 呼吁,恳求attempt at 企图,努力attitude to/towards 态度,看法a great/good deal of 大量,非常,极其influence in 干涉,介入interference with 妨碍,打扰introduction to 介绍a lot (of) 许多(的),大量(的)lots of 大量,许多fall in love (with sb) 爱上(某人)reply to 回答,答复trolley bus 电车I.D. card 身份证credit card 信用卡no doubt 无疑地,很可能next door 隔壁out of doors 在户外face to face 面对面地a few 有些,几个quite a few 不少,相当多a little 一点,一些little by little 逐渐地,一点点地quite a little 相当多,不少no matter 无论the moment (that) 一…(就)no more 不再fair play 公平竞赛,公平对待rest room 厕所,盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩地,一起heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步地ahead of time 提前all the time 一直,始终once upon a time 从前once in a while 偶尔no wonder 难怪,并不奇怪word for word 逐字地decline with thanks 婉言谢绝二、动词词组和固定搭配1.动词十介词/副词account for 说明…的原因,是…的原因allow for 考虑到,顾及,为…留出预地appeal to 诉诸,诉请裁决(或证实等)arrive at 达成,达成ask after 探问,问起ask for 请求,要求attach to 附属于,隶属于;使依恋,使喜爱to begin with 首先,第一break down 损坏;(健康等)垮掉,崩溃break in 非法闯入;打断,插嘴break into 非法闯入,强行进入break off 中断,突然停止break out 逃脱,逃走;突然出现,爆发break through 突破,冲破;取得突破陛成就break up 印终止,结束;打碎,粉碎;散开,驱散bring about 导致,引起bring down 使落下,打倒;降低,减少bring forth 产生,提出bring forward 提出,提议;提前bring out 使显出;激起,引起;出版,推出bring to 使恢复知觉bring up 教养,养育;提出build up 逐渐积聚,集结;逐步建立;增进,增强burn out 烧光,烧毁…的内部;熄灭burn up 烧掉,烧毁;烧起来,旺起来;(使)发怒call for 叫(某人)来;要求,需要call off 取消call on/up 访问,拜访;号召,要求call up 召集;使人想起;打电话(给)care for 照顾,照料;喜欢carry off 夺走,拿走carry on 继续,进行carry out 实行,执行;实现,完成catch at 试图抓住,拼命抓catch on 理解,懂得;流行起来check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记,报到check out 结帐后离开,办妥手续离去check up (on) 检查,核实cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来•clear away 把…清除掉,收拾clear up 清理;澄清,解决;(天)放晴come off 脱落,分开;结果,表现come on [表示鼓励、催促等]快,走吧;开始,发生;进步,进展come out 发表,出版;出现,显露;结果是come round(around) 顺便来访;苏醒,复原come through 经历…仍活着,安然度过come to 苏醒;涉及,谈到;总数为,结果是come up 走上前来;发生,出现count on/upon 依靠,指望count up 共计,算出…的总数cover up 掩饰,掩盖;盖住,裹住cross off/out 划掉,勾销cut across 抄近路穿过,对直通过cut back 削减,缩减;急忙返回cut down 削减,减少;杀死,砍倒cut in 超车抢挡;插嘴,打断cut off 切断,阻碍;使分离,使隔绝cut out 删去,切去;戒除,停止ⅡB用cut short 中断,打断deal with 处理,对付;论述,涉及deep down 实际上,在心底die down 逐渐消失,变弱die out 逐渐消失,灭绝do without 没有…也行,用不着,将就draw in (火车、汽车)到站;(天)渐黑,(白昼)渐短draw up 起草,拟订;(使)停住dress up 穿上盛装,精心打扮;装饰,修饰drop by/in 顺便(或偶然)访问drop off 下降,减少;睡着,入睡;让(…)下车,把…放下drop out 退出,退学dry out (使)干透dry up (使)干透,(使)干涸;(使)枯竭fall behind 落后,落在…的后面[/Post]fall through 落空,成为泡影fall in 填满;填写;(for)替代fall out 填写;长胖,变丰满find out 查明,找出,发现get across (将…)清楚,(使)被了解get around/round 走动,克服,设法回避(问题等);(协)抽出时间来做(或考虑)get at 够得着,触及;意思是,意指;查明,发现;指责get away 逃脱;走开,离开;(iwth)做了(坏事)而逃脱责罚get by 通过;过得去,(勉强)过活get down (从…)下来;写下;使沮丧;(to)开始认真做,着手做get in 进入,抵达;收获(庄稼等);(证th)对…亲近get into (使)进入;卷入;对…发生兴趣get off (从…)下来;动身,出发;下班,结束(工作);逃脱惩罚get over 克服,解决(问题等);(从疾病、失望等)中恢复过来get through 度过(时间);(使)通过(考试),(使)(议案等)获得通过;(将…)讲清楚,完成;接通电话get together 相聚,聚集get up 起床;起立give away 泄露;赠送give back (归)还give in 交上,呈上;投降,屈服,认输give off 发出(光、声音等),散发出(气味)give out 分发;用完;消耗尽;发出(光、声音)give up 停止,放弃;(oneself)自首go after 追求,追赶go ahead 开始;进行go by 遵守,遵循,依据;(时间)过去go down 下降,减少;(船)沉没,(日)落;(with)生…病;(well或badly)(不)受欢迎,(不)被接受go for 袭击;适用于;选择,想要获得;喜爱go into 进入,参加;开始从事;研究,调查go off 爆炸,开火,突然响起;(电等)中断,停止;不再喜欢go out 外出(尤指参加社会活动);过时;(潮)退,(灯)熄,终止;送出,公布,播出go over 仔细检查,察看;复习,重做go round/around 足够分配;(with)常…与交往;流传;四处走动,到处活动go through 经历,遭受;详细检查,查找,详细讨论;获得通过,被批准;(with)将…干到底go under 沉没;失败;破产go up 上升,上涨,增长;正在建设中;烧毁,炸毁go with 跟…相配;与…相伴;附属于go without 没有hand down 把…传下去hand in 交上,递交hand on 把…传下去hand out 分发,散发hand over 交出,移交hang about/around 闲荡,闲呆着hang on 坚持,抓紧,不放;等待片刻,(打电话时)不挂断;有赖于;取决于hang up 挂断(电话):悬挂,挂起have on 穿着,戴着hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保守(秘密等)hold on 坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)不挂断,等—会hold out 维持,保持;坚持(要求),不屈服hold up 支持,支撑,延迟;抢劫;展示,举出hurry up (使)赶陕,匆匆完成improve on/upon 改进;胜过keep back 阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保留keep off (使)不接近,(使)让开keep to 遵守,信守;坚持keep up 保持,(使)继续下去;使居高不下let down 放下,降低;使失望let off 宽恕,放过;开(枪),放(炮、烟火等)州)放let out 放走,释放;泄露,放出,发出lie in (问题、事情等)在于line up (使)排队,(使)排成行live on 靠…生活,以…为食物live through 度过,经受住live up to 符合,不辜负(期望);遵守,实践(诺言、原则等)look after 照管,照料,照料;注意,关心look at 看,朝…看;考虑,研究;看待look back (on) 回顾,回忆;回头看look for 寻找,寻求;惹来,招来look in 顺便看望,顺便访问look into 调查,观察look on 旁观,观看look out (for) 留神,注意look over 把…看一遍,把…过目;察看,参观look through 详尽核查;(从头至尾)浏览look up 好转;(在词典等中)查找;看望,拜访:(to)尊敬make for 走向,朝…前进;有助于,促进make out 辨认出,看出;理解,了解;写出,开出make up 印构成,组成;(为…)化妆;补充,补足;和解,重归于好;捏造,临时编造,虚mix up 混淆,弄混,弄乱occur to 被想到,被想起pass away 去世pass (as) 充作,被看作,被当作pass out 失去知觉,昏倒pay back 偿还,还钱给(某人);向…报复,回报pay off 还清(债);付清工资解雇(某人);向…行贿;得到好结果,取得成功pay up 全部付清pick out 选出,挑出,拣出;辨认出,分辨出pick up 拿起,捡起;取(给),用车接载(人);好转,改进,增加(速度);(使)重新开始,继续;获得,学会pull down 拆毁pull in (车)停下,车进站,船(到岸)pull off 脱去,扯下;(成功地)完成pull out 拔出,抽出,取出;(车、船)驶出;(使)摆脱困境pull together 齐心协力,团结起来pull up (使)停下put across/over 解释清楚,使被理解put aside 储存,保留;暂不考虑,把…放在一边put away 放好,收好put in 花费,付出(时间、精力等);申请,正式提出put on 穿上,戴上;上演;增加(体重)put out 熄灭,关(灯);出版,发布;生产;伸出put up 建造,支起,搭起;张贴;进行(抵抗等);提供,提名,提出;提高(价格、速度);为…提供食宿,投宿refer to 参考,查阅;涉及,提到;指的是ring off 挂断电话run down 撞倒;说…坏话,贬低;停止运转,耗尽;减少,缩减;查找出,搜索到run into 偶然碰见;遭遇(困难等);共计,达到…之多;撞在…上run off 很快写出;复印出,印出;跑掉,逃掉run over 在…上驶过,(撞倒并)碾过;把…很快地(或粗略地)过一遍see off 为…送行see through 看透,识破see to 注意,照料send for 派人去请,召唤;函购,函索send in 呈报,递送,提交set aside 留出,拨出(时间、金钱等);把…置于一旁,不理会set back 推迟,延缓,阻碍;使花费set down 记下,写下set forth 阐明,陈述set off 出发,启程;引起,激起set out 陈述,阐明;动身,起程;开始;摆放set up 创立,建立,为…作准备;竖立,架起,建造;开业,开始经商show off 炫耀,卖弄show up 显露,暴露;露面,来到shut out 把…排斥在外sit in on 列席(会议),旁听sit up 不睡,熬皮;坐直speed up (使)加快速度stand by 站在…一边,支持,帮助;袖手旁观;坚持(决议等),遵守(诺言等);作好准备,准备行动stand for 代替,代表,意味着,主张,支持;[用于否定、疑问句]容忍,接受stand out 清晰地显出,引人注目;杰出,出色stand up 站起来;(论点、证据等)站得住脚step up 提高,加快,加紧stick out (把…)坚持到底;突出,显眼stick to 坚持,忠于,信守;紧跟,紧随;粘贴在…上take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父、母等)相像take away 减去take down 拆卸;记下,写下take…for 把…认为是,把…看成是take in 接受,吸收,接纳;理解,领会;欺骗;包括take off 脱下;起飞;匆匆离开take on 开始雇用;呈现,具有;同…较量,接受…的挑战;承担,从事take over 接受,接管;借用,承袭take to 对…产生好感,开始喜欢;形成…的习惯,开始从事take up with 与…成朋友take up 开始从事;把…继续下去;着手处理;占去,占据;(on)接受邀请think over 仔细考虑throw away 扔掉,抛弃;错过(机会),浪费(金钱等)touch on/upon 谈到,论及turn down 关小,调低;拒绝turn in 交还,上交;上床睡觉turn off 关掉;拐弯,离开…转入另一条路turn on 接通,打开turn out 制造,生产;结果是;驱逐;关掉,旋熄turn over 翻过来,翻倒;移交,交;仔细考虑turn to 查阅;求助于,求教于turn up 开大,调大;出现,来到use up 用完,用光warm up (使)暖起来;(使)活跃起来,(使)热情起来;(使)作准备活动,(使)热身wear off 逐渐消失;渐渐减少wear out 穿破,磨损,用坏;(使)疲乏,(使)厌卷,(使)耗尽while away 消磨<时间)wipe out 擦净,擦掉;彻底摧毁,消灭work at/on 从事于,努力做work out 解决;算出;弄懂,理解;想出,制定出work up 激发,激起;制订出,精心作出write off 取消,勾销,注销2.后接动名词的动词搭配(接上)aim at 目的在于,旨在;瞄准;企图accuse…Of… 控告;谴责,depend on 取决于,视…而定;依靠,依赖;信赖,相信devote to 将…奉献给;把…专用(于)engage in 从事于,参加feel like 想要go on (时间)过去;灯亮;开始运行;继续,接着;进行,发生cannot/couldn’t help 禁不住;不得不insist on 坚持,强调,坚决要求keep from 阻止,抑制keep up 继续进行、继续下去look forward 曲协盼望,期待persist in 坚持不懈,执着prevent from 预防,防止put off 推迟,推延;阻止,劝阻set about 开始,着手succeed in 成功thank for 感谢think of 想起,记得;想出,提出;考虑,关心三、形容组和固定搭配be able to (do) 能(做),会(做)be about to (do) 即将,正要be absent from 缺勤,缺课be abundant in 丰富的,富裕的be accustomed to 习惯于,适应于be acquainted with 与…相识,熟悉,了解be active in 积极于be afraid of 恐怕,害怕,担忧be alive to 注意到,对…敏感be angry at 因某事生气be angry with 对…发怒be anxious about 担心,为…担忧be anxious for 急切盼望,渴望be anxious to(do) 渴望(做)be ashamed of 为…感到害臊be aware of 意识到be bad at 拙于,不善于be based on 根据,以…为基础be beside oneself 极度兴奋,对自己的感情失去控制be better off 生活优裕起来,境况好起来be bound to(do) 一定会,不得不be careful to(do) 务必注意(做)be certain to(do) 一定(做),必然(做)be capable of 能够be confident in 对…有信心be characterized by 以…为特征be clever at 擅长于be combined with 与…结合be composed of 由…组成be concerned about 关心,挂念be curious to(do) 很想(做)be dependent on/upon 取决于,依赖be determined to (do) 决心(做)be different from 与…不同be eager for 渴望be eager to (do) 急于要(做)be equal to 等于be famous for 以…著名be fond of 喜欢,爱好be free from 无…的,摆脱了…的be friendly to 对…友好be glad to (do) 乐于(做),对…感到高兴be good at (doing) 善于,擅长be good for 适于,在…期间有效be grateful to 感谢,感激be independent of 脱离…而独立,与…无关be indispensable for 对…必不可少的be interested in 对…感兴趣be kinde enough to (do) 承…好意,恳请be late for 迟到be likely to (do) 可能要,像是要be mad about 迷恋be well off 生活富裕be pleased to (do) 乐于be pleased with 对…感到满足be popular with 得人心的,受…欢迎的be present at 出席be proud of 以…自豪,因…感到满意be ready to (do) 装备好(做),乐意做be ready for 为…准备好be rich in 富于be satisfied with 对…满意,满足于be second to 次于be short for 是…的缩写(简称)be short of 短缺be sick for 渴望be sick in bed 病在床上be sick of 对…感到厌倦be sorry for 对…感到抱歉be strict with 对…要求严格be suited to 适合于be supposed to (do) 应该,非…不可be sure of 坚信,确信be surprised at 对…感到惊奇be though with 结束be tired from 因…而厌倦be tired of 厌烦,对…厌倦be tired out 疲倦极了be true to 适用于be unconscious of 不知道…be unequal to 无法胜任…的be unfit for 不适合,不胜任be useful to 对…有用be well up in 精通,熟悉be wild with jay 欣喜be willing to (do) 乐意…be worried about 为…而担心be worse off 处境较坏,情况恶化be worth (doing) 值得(做)be wrong with 有点毛病,有些不舒服四、其他词组和固定搭配above all 首先,尤其是after all 终究,毕竟,究竟at all [用于否定句]丝毫,一点all but 几乎,差不多;除了…都all over 遍及,到处in all 总共,合计not at all 一点也不leave alone 让…独自呆着;不打扰,不干预along with 和…一起,和…一道one after another 一个接一个,相继one another 互相anything but 绝对不as…as 像…一样as for 至于,关于as though 好像,仿佛as to 至于,关于as well 也,同样as well as 除…之外(也),既…又not as/so…as 不如…那样back and forth 反复地,来回地(in) back of 在…后面,在…背后because of 由于,因为had better 还是…好,应该both…and 既…又…,两个都but for 倘没有,要不是each other 互相either…or 或…或or else 否则,要不然even if/though 即使,虽然except for 除…外,除去;要不是由于as/so far as 就…,到…程度by far… 得多,最far from 远远不,完全不so far 迄今为止;到某个程度firs of all 首先if only 要是…多好by itself 独自地,自动地in itself 本质上,就其本身而言no less than 不少于,多达as/so long as 只要,如果;既然,如果no longer 不再,已不a great/good many of 相当多,很多many a 许多的more and more 越来越more or less 差不多,几乎,大约at most 至多,不超过make the most of 充分利用,尽量利用neither…nor (既)不…也不,(既)非…也非(every) now and then 时而,偶尔just now 刚才,才不久;现在,眼下now (that) 既然,由于off and on 断断续续地,间歇地,有时and so on 等等all at once 突然,忽然;同时,一起at once 立刻,马上;同时,一起once (and) for all 一劳永逸地,永远地once more/again 再一次by oneself 独自地,单独地every other 每隔一个的other than 不同于,非;除了over and over (again) 一再地,再三地all right 好,行;令人满意的,不错的;(健康)良好的,安然无恙的ever since 从那时起,自那时以来ever so 非常,极其or so 大约,左右so that 以便,为使;所以,因此so…that 如此…以致such as 诸如,例如such…that 那样的…以致that is(=i.e.) 就是说,即as though 好像,仿佛up to 胜任…的,适于…的;密谋…的;是…义不容辞的,是…的职责;取决于…的,须由…决定的;(时间上)一直到;(数目上)一直到,多达what about [征求意见时用]…怎么样what if 如果…将会怎样whether …or 是…还是,不管…还是go wrong 发生故障,出毛病;出错,犯错误and yet 可是,然而at yet 至今abide by 履行,遵守adapt to 适应adhere to 粘附;胶着;坚持apologize(-ise)to,for 道歉,认错cling o粘住;依附;坚持collide with 抵触,冲突;碰撞,互撞compensate for 补偿,赔偿comply with 依从,服从,遵从conceive of 设想,构思出conform to 遵守,依照,符合,顺应consult with 商量,商议cooperate with 合作,协作,相配合cope with (成功地)应付,(妥善地)处理deduce from 演绎,推断derive from 起源,衍生deviate from 背离,偏离dispose of 处理,解决;去掉,丢掉,除掉dwell on/upon 老是想着;详述hinder from 阻碍,妨碍impose on 把…强加于originate in/from 起源于,来自,产生participate in 参与,参加preside t/over 主持,主管prevail over 获胜,占优势prevail on/upon 说服,劝说,诱使reconcile to 使顺从(于),使甘心(于)reign to 使顺从restrain from 抑制,制止sacrifice to 牺牲,献出,献祭,供奉scrape by/through 勉强通过specialize in 专攻,专门研究testify to 表明,证明flare up 突然燃烧起来;突然发怒queue up 排成队(等候)dissatisfaction with/at 不满exposure to 暴露,显露;曝光objection to 反对,异议preference for/to 偏爱,喜爱;优惠;优先选择proficiency in 熟练,精通requirement for/to 需要,需要的东西,要求thirst for 渴望,热望by comparison 比较起来in sequence 依次,逐一at stake 在危急关头,在危险中in accordance with 与…一致,依照,根据on/in behalf of 代表,为了on the sly 偷偷地in excess of 超过to and for 来来回回on schedule 按时间表,及时,准时五、历年大学英语四、六级考试中出现的超纲词组和固定搭配put into use 使用,应用be satisfied with 满足be satisfied of 相信hardly…when 刚…就…come to a conclusion 得出结论avoid doing sth.避免干某事decline invitation 辞谢邀请agree on/upon 取得一致意见may(might) as well 还是…好argue about 争论take(make) a stand for 捍卫take(make) a stand against 反对come after 跟随in support of 支持lie up 躺着休息beside the question 离题refresh one’s memory 使人记起bring to mind 使人想起compile dictionary 编字典present sb.with sth.送给某人某礼物indifferent to 不在乎go on strike 罢工against one’s will 违心地in one’s will在… 遗嘱中of one’s free will 出于自愿with ease 容易,不费力prepare for 准备get to 开始;到达fall off 下降fall away 背离televise live 实况转播by the moment 到…时have intention of 有意,打算no intention of 无意,不打算have not the least idea of 不知道have no desire for 对…没有欲望have desire to do sth.想做某事have sth.in stock 有现货be particular about 讲究the key to …的答案(线索、办法)carry about 随身携带pass through 通过,经过pass for 被认为(当作)be of little value 没什么价值cure sb.of 治好某人…pull back 撤退pull round 掉头,转向;康复pull along 沿…拉die off 死去,凋谢drop down 落下do sth.for a living 靠做某事谋生make a name of oneself 出名,扬名glimpse of 瞥见,一瞥glance at 瞥见,一瞥be on good terms with sb.与某人友好entitle sb.(to do)sth.给予某人(干)某事的权利beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力take interest in 对…发生兴趣be answerable for 应对…hundreds of 数以百计的be lacking in 缺乏break into tears(cheers) 突然哭(欢呼)起来in correspondence with 与…联系(通信)be advantageous to 对…有利be beneficial to 对…有益in debt to sb.欠某人的债be it that 即使assure sb.of sth.委托某人某事put(set) right 使恢复正常,纠正错误on the way 在途中off the way 远离正道keep on with 坚持make an attempt 试图in the mood for sth.对某事有心境escape doing sth.躲避干某事set a limit to 限制within the limit of 在…范围内call at 访问so blank (头脑)变成空白so dim (大脑)浑沌so faint 晕过去be subjected to 遭受be attached to 附属于not on any account 决不take pains to do sth.费尽苦心做某事a multitude of 大量(接复数名词)give rise to 导致give reason to 对…进行解释give suspicion to 对…怀疑make provision for 为…作准备be involved in 卷人,陷入be assigned to 被分配给…be bored to death 烦死了step into 插入,干涉adapt for 调整(以适应目标或需要) a close(narrow) shave 侥幸的脱险。
名词和名词词组一、名词的语法分类和名词词组的句法功能1 •名词的分类1)按构词法可氛围简单名词、复合名词和派生名词例如:简单名词: man ,girl,Water复合名词: armchair ,farmland ,SeaSide派生名词:arrangement , ability2) 按词汇意义可分为:普通名词和专有名词普通名词表示一类的人或物(包括抽象概念)的名称,又可分为个体名词(boy , tiger…);集体名词(family , team…);和物质名词(air, SnOW , bread …);抽象名词 (education ,friendship …)。
专有名词表示个人、国家、地方、组织等的专有名称。
3)按语法特征分为:可数名词和不可数名词个体名词(Car , PeaCh , teacher…)都是可数名词都有单复数形式;集体名词有的可数,有的不可数;物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词通常为不可数名词.(关系如图)卜体名数名词普通名1⅛可数名词2•名词的句法功能(不重要,列出来只是为了保持知识的完整性)名词的结构模式:(限定词)+ (前置修饰语)+名词+ (后置修饰语)名词词组用途广泛,它可以在句中充当除谓语动词以为的各种成分:①作主语②作补语③作宾语④作同位语⑤作介词补足成分⑥作状语和连词二、名词的数1.不可数名词:1)不可数名词没有单复数之分,它包括抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词。
例如: health , advice ,glass ,wood , English 注意:不可数名词表示个体时,须用单位名词(量词)常用的单位名词有: a pieceof ,an article of ,a bar of ,a loafof, a bottle Of , a head Of …2 )以-ics结尾的表示学科名称的名词一般用作单数。
例如: mathematics , physics …但表示学科以外的其他意义,可用作复数例如: mathematics 有时候也表示运算能力的意义3)某些以—s 结尾指单一事物的专有名词常作单数。
英语中名词词组的三种构成方式讲解
编者按:在句子当中,名词较少以独个单词充当句子成分,大多数时候以名词词组的形式充当句子成分,所以有必要弄清楚名词词组的三种构成方式,下面小编就来带你一起学习下简单的知识,希望对大家有帮助。
1.前置定语+名词
a novel
一本小说
an old computer
一台旧电脑(2个修饰词)
all the five new swordsman novels
所有那五本新的武侠小说(5个修饰词)
2.名词+后置定语
girls in red
穿红衣服的女孩
things to do
要做的事
people in Guangzhou
广州人
3.前置定语+名词+后置定语
a village near the river
河边的一个村庄
the girls in red
穿红衣服的那些女孩
the two girls in red standing at the gate
站在门口的那两个穿红衣服的女孩
名词词组和单个名词在名子中的作用相同。
本文作者:丹丹英语(公众号:英语语法学习)。
名词和名词词组一、名词的语法分类和名词词组的句法功能1.名词的分类1)按构词法可氛围简单名词、复合名词和派生名词例如:简单名词:man,girl,water复合名词:armchair,farmland,seaside派生名词:arrangement,ability2)按词汇意义可分为:普通名词和专有名词普通名词表示一类的人或物(包括抽象概念)的名称,又可分为个体名词(boy,tiger…);集体名词(family,team…);和物质名词(air,snow,bread…);抽象名词(education,friendship…)。
专有名词表示个人、国家、地方、组织等的专有名称。
3)按语法特征分为:可数名词和不可数名词个体名词(car,peach,teacher…)都是可数名词都有单复数形式;集体名词有的可数,有的不可数;物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词通常为不可数名词。
(关系如图)2.名词的句法功能(不重要,列出来只是为了保持知识的完整性)名词的结构模式:(限定词)+(前置修饰语)+名词+(后置修饰语)名词词组用途广泛,它可以在句中充当除谓语动词以为的各种成分:①作主语②作补语③作宾语④作同位语⑤作介词补足成分⑥作状语和连词二、名词的数1.不可数名词:1)不可数名词没有单复数之分,它包括抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词。
例如:health,advice,glass,wood,English注意:不可数名词表示个体时,须用单位名词(量词)常用的单位名词有:apieceof,anarticleof,abarof,aloafof,abottleof,aheadof…2)以-ics结尾的表示学科名称的名词一般用作单数。
例如:mathematics,physics…但表示学科以外的其他意义,可用作复数例如:mathematics有时候也表示运算能力的意义3)某些以-s结尾指单一事物的专有名词常作单数。
例如:theUniteStates,theUnitedNation…2.可数名词可数名词包括个体名词、集体名词,有单复数形式。