高考英语作文对“人际关系”这一话题的考查,不外乎父母与子女的关系、师生关系、同学或朋友关系以及邻里关系,通常针对如何建立人际关系或影响人际关系的某一方面来命题,涉及信任、尊重、交流、倾听、友谊、感恩等子话题。如2008年高考英语江苏卷要求以“Being a Good Listener”为题,根据要点写一篇演讲稿;2009年高考英语安徽卷要求针对父母翻看孩子日记或书包这一现象写一篇演讲稿,分析原因,提出沟通方法。
下面以2008年高考英语山东卷为例,谈一谈“人际关系”话题的内容积累与表达准备。
写作任务：
假设你是新华中学的学生张华,班里从外地转来一名同学李明,他一时无法融入新的班集体中,感到很苦恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信。
(1)帮他分析原因;(2)给他提出建议;(3)陈述你帮助他的具体打算。
注意:词数120～150。
这道作文题涉及的是人际关系中“友谊”这一子话题。试题虽然列出了三个写作要点,但没有给出具体内容,这就大大增加了写作难度。由于缺乏积累,一些同学临时思考,匆忙组织,导致作文内容空洞肤浅、不切实际,语句表达单调、无条理,词汇运用平淡、匮乏。如果我们能在平时对人际关系这一话题的相关内容和表达作如下系统的积累和准备,遇到相关试题,就可以根据具体的写作要求,从容应对。
1. 建立良好人际关系的意义
与朋友:Friends are our treasures. A good friend is someone that lets us be ourselves and hopefully encourages us to be the best part of ourselves. How many times have they shared the joys and sorrows together with us? How many times have they offered help t o us when we’re in need? In fact, without a friend, nothing much seems enjoyable.
与父母:Our parents should also be our closest friends. The relationship between parents and children has great influence on the life of both sides.
与老师:It is the teachers who give us knowledge, develop our ability, and put wings on us, with which we can fly towards our ideals.
与邻里:Just as a proverb says, “A close neighbor is better than a distant relative.”
2. 建立良好人际关系的条件
诚信:We have to be honest with others and should always say what we mean. Lies will surely make people stay far away from us in the long run.
礼貌:We have to be polite and modest enough. If we are proud or rude in public, we can hardly win others’respect, not to mention “friendship”.
无私:We must not be selfish. We should learn how to show concern for others.
有价值:We need to be valuable to the person we want to be friends with. We have to have something to offer other people, something of value which they are prepared to exchange for what they can offer.
3. 如何建立良好的人际关系
主动介绍:Introduce yourself and talk to others so that they will know more about you. As your communication goes further, you’re sure to find much in common.
积极参与:Attend parties, sports events and special gatherings. In this way you and others will know more about each other.
大胆交流:Don’t be too shy. V oice your opinions so that others will know you are a person of thought.
真诚沟通:Make full use of your passion and kindness to bridge the gap between you and others.
4. 建立良好人际关系的障碍
过于胆怯:You might be a bit shy in the new surroundings.
过于敏感:You might be a sensitive person and worry too much about what people think of you.
过于内向:You might be too silent. However, silence only makes matters worse.
5. 如何维持良好的人际关系
避免争吵:Try to avoid quarrels. Discuss and negotiate with your friends when your opinions differ.
善于倾听:Be a good listener while your friends are talking. Listening contributes to building up excellent relationships between people.
真诚待人:Be sincere to your friends, especially when you think they’re doing something wrong.
