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2012北京市语文中考各区二模试题汇编记叙文阅读【12东城2】（一）阅读《一箱葡萄》，完成第15-17题。
（共15分）一箱葡萄金科①正是新疆瓜果飘香的季节，在乌鲁木齐飞往北京的飞机上，很多乘客带了不少新疆的时鲜瓜果，像葡萄啊、哈密瓜什么的。
这些东西虽说不上贵重，体积却很大，多是用纸箱子装着，很快就把飞机上的行李舱给塞得满满当当的了。
②一位高大年轻的巡查正忙不迭地帮着乘客整理着行李舱，以便多腾出点空来，好多放些行李。
当他打开一个行李舱时，一箱葡萄猝不及防地落了下来。
随即，旁边的一位中年女人站了起来，对着巡查大声叫道：“你是怎么搞的！看把我的葡萄都摔坏了！”③巡查一边连声说着对不起，一边赶紧捡拾起散落的葡萄来，直到将那箱葡萄给捆扎好了之后，又重新将它放回到行李舱里。
④中年女人站在一旁，不动声色地看着巡查做着这些事情。
当巡查收拾完毕，准备离开时，她却一把抓住巡查，又大声叫了起来：“你把我的葡萄给摔坏了，你得赔我！”⑤巡查一时显得很窘迫，急急地说道：“我一打开舱门，它就落下来了，大家都看见的，怎么能怪我呢？再说，你的葡萄也没有摔坏多少，我又帮你重新捆好了的，你怎么能让我赔呢？”⑥中年女人却一声不吭，只是紧紧抓着他的衣服不松手，连对闻讯来劝说的空姐也不理不睬。
⑦这样僵持了一会儿之后，巡查沉吟了一下，只好说道：“那我下去，看看能不能给你买一箱吧。
”⑧听了这话，中年女人既未答应，也未松手。
⑨周围的一些乘客见状，纷纷说起话来，而且全是一边倒的声音，都说中年女人不对。
⑩中年女人这才松了手，放了他。
○11飞机快要起飞了，还不见大个子巡查的身影。
中年女人气呼呼地站了起来，嘴里一边骂着“骗子”，一边不顾空姐的劝阻，硬是冲下飞机去了。
○12已经到了起飞的时间了，还不见那中年女人回来，乘客们又说开了。
有说巡查不守信用的；有说那女人真够厉害的，敢追着不放……○13大家正说着，只见那中年女人满面怒容地回来了。
一落座，她就一连声地高声骂了起来：“骗子！骗子！骗子！……”○14周围的乘客又七嘴八舌地劝开了，算了，算了，一箱葡萄不值得生这么大的气……○15中年女人又一下站了起来：“刚才就是你们说要放了他的，这下好了，下去他就不见了。
邹忌修八尺有余，而形貌昳丽。
朝服衣冠，窥镜，谓其妻曰：“我孰与城北徐公美？”其妻曰：“君美甚，徐公何能及君也？”城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也。
忌不自信，而复问其妾曰：“吾孰与徐公美？”妾曰：“徐公何能及君也？”旦日，客从外来，与坐谈，问之：“吾与徐公孰美？”客曰：“徐公不若君之美也。
”明日，徐公来，孰视之，自以为不如；窥镜而自视，又弗如远甚。
暮寝而思之，曰：“吾妻之美我者，私我也；妾之美我者，畏我也；客之美我者，欲有求于我也。
”郗超与谢玄不善。
苻坚将问晋鼎①，既已狼噬梁、岐②，又虎视淮阴矣。
于是朝议遣玄北讨，人间颇有异同之论，唯超曰：“是必济事。
吾尝与共在桓宣武府，见使才皆尽，虽履屐之间③，亦得其任，以此推之，容必能立勋。
”元功④既举，时人咸叹超之先觉，又重其不以爱憎匿善。
【注】①苻坚将问晋鼎：苻坚想要图谋夺取晋朝天下。
②狼噬梁、岐：像狼那样吞并了梁、岐一带。
③履屐之间：原指距离很小，此处指小事。
④元功：首功，大功。
12.解释下列加点的词语（4分）（1）郗超与谢玄不善（） （2）人间颇有异同之论（）13.下列对文中画线句翻译正确的一项是（2分）A. 虽然是小事，也能得到他的信任。
B. 即使是小事，也能得到妥善的处理。
C. 虽然是小事，也能得到妥善的处理。
D. 即使是小事，也能得到他的信任。
①今年，是“泰坦尼克”号沉没一百周年。
②1912年4月14日深夜，当时世界上最大的豪华客轮“泰坦尼克”号在其处女航中就因撞上冰山而沉没，1500多名乘客葬身海底。
百年来，世人对它的传奇故事依然津津乐道。
伴随着3D电影《泰坦尼克号》重新驶上银幕，关于大船的传说近日再次风mǐ全球，对它的沉没原因更是众说纷纭。
③百年来，对巨轮沉没原因有各种版本的说法：轮船航速太快，没时间避开冰山；船上使用了大量的次品铆钉，导致船身钢板外壳和冰山相撞后立即发生开裂……近日，科学家和历史学家对此又有了新的研究发现。
一、海市蜃楼让冰山“隐身” ④英国历史学家蒂姆·马尔丁发现，海难发生的当天晚上，事发海域的大气状况容易形成超级折射，光线发生异常的弯曲，从而形成了海市蜃楼。
2012 初三二模专项：阅读 AB 篇01.东城 AJohn is a manager and he is very busy. He spends a lot of time traveling abroad. So he reads short stories. He likes reading stories about ordinary people and the things that happen to them in today‘s world. Sara is a student. She likes reading true stories. In those stories, people write about themselves. She‘s especially interested in people who have had unusual or different lives. She also wants to write a story about herself one day. Monica is a history teacher in London. She enjoys reading more than anything else. She likes reading about the history of people in other parts of the world. She wants to know how historical events changed people‘s lives. Tony loves reading so much! In fact he opened a little bookstore several years ago so he could share his interest of reading with others. His favorite books are novels. Some stories are so wonderful that he often tries to finish them fast in order to know what happens in the end. 47. John is a ______. A. manager B. student 48. Who has a bookstore? A. John. B. Sara. 49. All of them like ______. A. teaching B. traveling C. teacher C. Tony. C. writing D. writer D. Monica. D. readingB Pieter Bruegel was a famous artist who lived in Europe five hundred years ago. He is well known for a painting called Children’s Games. People like this painting because it is full of fun. It shows how children in Pieter‘s time enjoyed themselves in different ways. In all, there are about eighty games being played in the painting. Children’s Games shows a busy street scene in a town long ago. The street is a wide and open space. There are no cars, so there is plenty of room to play. There are about two hundred children in the painting. Some play in groups and others play alone. They seem to be enjoying their freedom in the fresh air and their games. Some of the games are still played today. The games in the painting do not require children to spend money on extra materials(材 料). Instead, they use simple everyday objects like hats and sticks. A game might need a rope, some chalk, a hoop, a spinning top, or even a barrel. Some games are played without any toys at all. For example, one scene in the painting shows children turning somersaults(翻筋斗)1inside the fence. Even though Pieter Bruegel lived a long time ago, children today can learn an important lesson from what he painted. The painting shows us how little we need in order to enjoy ourselves. All children really need is one another. It‘s not the toys or games that are found in the stores that create fun. Using our imagination can do this for us. 50. The painting shows about ______ games. A. 500 B. 200 C. 80 D. 60 51. The children in the painting are playing ______. A. in the street B. in the house C. on the grass D. at the school 52. From the painting we learn that ______. A. children today need to take more lessons B. children can create fun by using imagination C. children need more toys to enjoy themselves D. children spend much money on everyday objects02.西城2303.朝阳 ATony’s List of Things to Do in ChinaThere is a saying in China. ―One who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.‖ So the first thing to do in China is to visit the Great Wall. I‘ll take my lunch with me and have it on the wall. I‘m sure I‘ll have a wonderful day there.The Great Wall in Beijing4I hear the Terracotta Army can equal (比得上) the Seven Wonders in the Ancient World. What‘s more, Xi‘an is one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China. So I‘ll stay in Xi‘an for three days and have a good visit there. The Terracotta Army in Xi‘an Shaolin Temple is the birthplace of Chinese Kung Fu. It includes Taiji, Qigong, Houquan, Zuiquan and so on. Since I‘ll stay in China for a month, I‘ll take this chance to learn some Chinese Kung Fu, at least Taiji. Kung Fu in Shaolin Temple Giant pandas are very lovely. They have won the love of people all over the world. I decide to go to Sichuan Province to see them. I want to write a book about them, so I‘ll stay there for a week. Giant Pandas in Sichuan Province 47. What is Tony going to visit first? A. The Great Wall. C. Shaolin Temple. B. Sichuan Province. D. The city of Xi‘an.48. What kind of Kung Fu does Tony want to learn at least? A. Taiji. B. Qigong. C. Houquan. D. Zuiquan.49. How long will Tony stay in Sichuan Province? A. For one day. B. For three days. C. For a week. B My daughter is a single parent, whose life is very hard because she has three young sons. She plans her money carefully and manages to get something expensive that many people can buy easily. When her eldest son, David wanted a bicycle so that he could do an after-school job, the family saved up and soon he was the proud owner of a good second-hand bicycle. One afternoon my daughter asked David to go shopping. He rode his bicycle, but carelessly left it outside the shop without putting on the lock. When David came out of the shop, it was gone. He walked home in tears and then, together with his angry mother, went to the local police station to report the theft. Imagine their joy when they arrived at the station, a car parked out front had David‘s bike in the boot (后备箱). The driver told my daughter how he‘d seen a group of kids go for the bike once my grandson had gone inside the shop. The driver had called out to them to leave the bike alone. Instead, one of the kids in the group had jumped on the bicycle and ridden it away while the others followed. The driver got in his car, drove after them and brought the stolen bike back. He was happy to be able5D. For a monthto return it to my grandson together with a lesson about the mistake of failing to use the bike lock. Then, in all the excitement, he drove away without even giving his name or telephone number. 50. How is the writer‘s daughter‘s life? A. Very busy. B. Very hard. C. Very simple. D. Very hopeless.51. David lost his bike because ______. A. many people stole things C. bikes were needed by all 52. Who helped David find his lost bike? A. His mother. B. A driver. B. the lock was broken D. he was too careless C. His grandmother. D. A policeman.04.海淀A647. We can enjoy Mattaponi Culture Day at ____.7A. 9:00 a.m. B. 3:00 p.m. C. 6:00 p.m. D. 10:00 p.m. 48. If Tom, 15 years old, wants to enjoy that day with his parents, they need to pay ____. A. $6 B. $12 C. $18 D. $24 49. What can we do on that day? A. Make baskets. B. Sing songs. C. Tell stories. D. Play games. B A Native American and his friend were in downtown New York City, walking near Times Square in Manhattan. It was during the noon lunch hour and the streets were filled with the noise of people and cars. Suddenly, the Native American said, ―I hear a cricket (蟋蟀).‖ His friend said, ―What? You must be crazy. You couldn‘t possibly hear a cricket in all of this noise!‖ ―No, I‘m sure of it,‖ the Native American said, ―I heard a cricket.‖ ―That‘s crazy,‖ said the friend. The Native American listened carefully for a moment, and then walked across the street to a big wall. There they saw bushes (灌木). He looked into the bushes, and sure enough, he found a small cricket. His friend was quite amazed. ―That‘s unbelievable,‖ said his friend. ―You must have superhuman ears!‖ ―No,‖ said the Native American. ―My ears are not different from yours. It all depends on what you‘re listening for.‖ ―But that can‘t be!‖ said the friend. ―I could never hear a cricket in this noise.‖ ―Yes, it‘s true,‖ came the reply. ―It depends on what is really important to you. Here, let me show you.‖ He reached into his pocket, pulled out a few coins, and dropped them on the sidewalk. And then, with the noise of the crowded street still in their ears, they noticed every head within 20 feet turn and look to see if the money was theirs. ―See what I mean?‖ asked the Native American. ―It all depends on what‘s important to you.‖ 50．The Native American was ______ with his friend when he heard a cricket. A. taking a walk B. watching people walking C. looking for crickets D. looking for important things 51. His friends felt _____ after they found the cricket. A. unsure B. crazy C. relaxed D. amazed 52. The writer wants to tell _______. A. people pay more attention to what is important to them B. people wonder what is important to them C. people can hear different sounds D. people believe what they heard05.昌平8A.Tel: 705 232 4905 Summer Tel: 705 232 6084 Winter Fax: 705 232 4975 IROQUOISFALLSONT. CANADA POK1GO www. 47. Where‘s the camp? A. At Cameron‘s Beach. B. In a school. C. Next to a park. D. Near the small lake. 48. What‘s the phone number in summer time? A. 705 232 6084. B. 705 232 4905. C. 705 232 4975. D. 705 232 6080. 49. What is NOT there at the camp ground? A. A lake. B. A toilet. C. A little moving car. D. A snack bar telephone.B. Two Beautiful Cherry Gardens9When you think about the things that make millions of visitors interested in Washington, D.C., each year, you probably think about the White House in USA. But have you ever thought about the living things that are also a major tourist attraction? Many Americans and international tourists make a special visit to Washington, D.C., in the spring to see the blooming pink and white Japanese cherry trees. The trees were originally planted as a gift from the people of Tokyo, Japan, in 1912. In 1910, a previous donation of 2,000 cherry trees had been destroyed because of the insect problem. Each spring, the National Cherry Blossom Festival, a two-week-long celebration, attracts tens of thousands of visitors from around the world to see the magnificent trees in full bloom. Have you ever seen these magnificent blossoms?Located in Haidian District, Beijing, Yuyuantan Park is easy to get to with many convenient traffic choices. Diaoyutai State Guesthouse is to its eastern gate, China Central Radio and Television Tower to its west, Navy General Hospital to its north and China Millennium Monument to its south. With 1,820 meters wide from west to east and 1,106 meters long from north to south, Yuyuantan Park covers an area of 136.69 hectares and the water surface spans an area of 61 hectares. Back in Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), Yuyuantan Park was already a famous scenic spot. Today, celebrated for its "Cherry Blossom Festival" every spring, Yuyuantan Park attracts tourists from all over the world. The cherry trees were also planted as a gift from the people of Japan. I guess you must have been there for many times and have got hundreds of beautiful photos, have you? 50. How many cherry trees were destroyed years ago in Washington D.C.? A. 1912. B. 2000. C. 1820. D. 1106. 51. Where is Yuyuantan Park? A. Diaoyutai State Guesthouse is to its western gate. B. China Central Radio and Television Tower is to its east. C. Navy General Hospital and Haidian are to its north. D. China Millennium Monument is to its south. 52. The cherry trees in Washington D.C. and Yuyuantan Park are both _____ according to the passage. A. famous of the Cherry Blossom Festival B. planted twice because of the insect problem10C. blooming in colors as white, pink and redD. blooming in each spring and summer time06.大兴ALet‘s get close to Eric and have a look. It has a square body with two long legs.Look! Eric is riding a bicycle on the playground of our school. He can do a few tricks. Don‘t fall off your bike, Eric!This robot is named Susan. It has a round face with two big eyes. Listen! She is playing the piano at the concert! Oh, she played very well. All the students are clapping their hands. Congratulations, Susan!The next one is called Dick. It has a strong build. He is wearing a red suit. He is swimming like a frog in the pool. He often makes a funny sound to draw students‘ attention. You are a perfect swimmer, Dick!The last one in the robot family is Anna. She has a tall and thin build with long hair to its shoulder. She is wearing a purple mini-skirt. She is skating on our school ice rink. Look out, Anna! Don‘t have a fall!47. _______is wearing a red suit.A. DickB. EricC. AnnaD. Susan48. Eric is able to ___________.A. play the pianoB. ride a bicycleC. swim like a frogD. skate on the ice49. We can know that a ____________is going on at school now.A. music festivalB. physical examC. chess competitionD. robot showBGordon‘s hobby may seem strange to us. He likes building model ships inside old bottles.Gordon has always loved ships, especially sailing ships from the old days. His interest was made many years ago when he visited a museum in Ottawa, Canada, where model ships in bottles were displayed(展示). Gordon regarded it as a wonderful show. At the same time an idea came to his mind. How did the craftsman(手艺人) get the ship through the narrow neck of the bottle? Gordon decided to make a research.He found an old craftsman who was glad to teach him the basic skills. First, Gordon takes an old bottle. Then he puts in a layer of paint, carefully shaped and painted to look like the sea. Next, he builds the ship. To get the ship through the neck of the bottle, Gordon folds(折叠) down the masts(桅杆).Once the ship is inside the bottle, he takes a long, thin tool to raise the masts.Gordon has completed more than one hundred models. His aim is to build up aircraftcarriers(航空母舰), buses, cars, airplanes, houses, and many other kinds of models inside the bottles. This will be more challenging(挑战), as he will have to build actually inside the bottle. His hobby certainly needs time, patience and a steady (平稳的)hand.50. Gordon became interested in _________________.A. sailing a ship in the seaB. putting a ship in a bottleC. collecting old sailing shipsD. going on a holiday by ship51. Which of the following is the second step according to the third paragraph?52. What can we learn from the passage?A. Gordon got the idea from a show in Canada.B. Gordon learnt the basic skills from a seaman.C. Gordon has made less than 100 models so far.D. Gordon will use a smaller bottle in the future.07.房山ALike reading?Want an interesting book to read?Here are our books. Just pick the one that you like best.*****************************************************************************The Best of the Song Books: By Harlan CobenList Price: $28.00 Price: $21.00 You save: $7.00(25%)Customer(顾客) Review: ★★★Bookmarks by Phillips: Magazine by Patricia CornwellList Price: $24.00 Price: $18.00 You save: $6.00(25%)Customer Review: ★★★★The Mystery of Breathing: A novel by Peril KlausList Price: $15.00 Price: $12.00 You save: $3.00(20%)Customer Review: ★★★Ten Little Fingers: Books for babies by Annie KebleList Price: $25.00 Price: $15.00 You save: $10.00(40%)Customer Review: ★★★★★*****************************************************************************For further information, please click (点击) here.47. Which book is the cheapest now?A. Ten Little FingersB. Bookmarks by PhillipsC. The Mystery of BreathingD. The Best of the Song Books48. If you buy one book The Little Fingers, how much can you save?A. $3.00.B. $6.00.C. $7.00D. $10.00.49. You read this advertisement most probably .A. on the radioB. in a magazineC. on the InternetD. in a newspaperBDuring his life Dr James Naismith worked as a doctor, taught P.E and wrote several books. While he never thought it very important, Dr Naismith is today best known for one thing. He was the inventor of basketball.Dr James Naismith was born in Canada in 1861 and his first job was at a special sports school in the USA. One day the school leader told James he was having a problem with the students. Because of heavy snow, the students could not go outside. He told James that they needed a sport that the boys could play indoors. He gave the teacher two weeks to think of something.It was on th e very last day that James came up with his idea. The ―birth of basketball‖ is said to be on December 21, 1891, when two teams from the school played the first game. It was quite different from the basketball games of today. It had 9 players on each team and they used football instead of basketball. Soon after, the game changed to 5 players on each side, using special ―basketballs‖ through nets.Although Dr Naismith did not live to see basketball is so popular today, in 1936, just three years before his death, basketball became an Olympic sport at the Games in Berlin.50. Dr James Naismith didn‘t _______________A. work as a doctor at a hospital.B. write some books in life.C. teach P.E in school in the USAD. take part in the Olympic Games.51. In which season did Dr Naismith invent basketball?A. Winter.B. Autumn.C. Summer.D. Spring.52. How many players were in each team during the game at the beginning?A. 5B. 9C. 10D. 1208.丰台ADo you have a pet? What would you like to have, a dog, a cat or a bowl of fish? In the US, nearly 73 million families have at least one pet. The table shows the total number (in millions) of some of the most popular pets in the US.47. Which pet is the most popular in the US families?A. Fish.B. Cats.C. Dogs.D. Birds48. How many American families keep horses as a pet?A. 78 million.B. 16 million.C. 13 million.D. 8 million.49. Which place do dogs take in the popularity (普遍性) of pets?A. The 1st place.B. The 2nd place.C. The 3rd place.D. The 4th place.B―You know, these cups bring to mind a story I heard,‖ Mary said to her friends in her home.She poured some tea. There were four of them and there were four completely different cups on the table.―I heard there was a teacher who took all his students for tea. They were surprised that all the cups on the table were different. They all took a cup and started drinking their tea, each looking at the cups of the others. The teacher said: ―Do you notice your behavior? You are all looking at each other‘s teacup and some of you even envy (羡慕) the finer cups of others.―I put the different cups her e on purpose. Life is like this tea. You all have the same thing in your cups –tea. And yet you cannot truly enjoy it in your envy of another‘s cup. You forget to enjoy your own life when you envy someone else‘s life.So now, taste your own tea. Does it m atter from which cup it came from?‖Mary finished telling her story and her friends all sat in silence for a while, enjoying their tea. And it really did not matter one bit from which teacup they drank. 209 w50.Mary used _____ to invite her friends to tea.A. four same cupsB. four different cupsC. many same cupsD. many different cups51. Mary _____ while her friends were drinking the tea.A. told them a storyB. continued making teaC. enjoyed her teaD. brought out more teacups52. After the story, Mary‘s friends _____.A. discussed its meaningB. asked for more teaC. seemed to realize its lessonD. left her house silently09.怀柔A The following are three ads47.You may call when you wish to be a teacher.A . (0755)65613838 B. (0411) 4313861 C. (010) 88488970 D. A and B48.Zhang Hua ,aged 26 ,has driving licence. Which job can be given to her?A . Driving for Cap es Taxi B. Working for China Airlines.C. Teaching at Instant Languages LtdD. None of the above.49.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the three ads?A. Height.B. Age.C. Language.D. Health.B My class will put on a short play in English at the end of the year. Yesterday our English teacher gave us copies of the play.―Choose a character in the play that you‘d like to be,‖ she told us. ―This afternoon you learn a few lines of this part for homework. Then tomorrow you can say those lines in front of the class. I‘ll decide who plays each part.‖Driver Wanted1. Driving license2. Good – looking3. Age :over 25Apply (申请)to :Capestaxi ,ShenzhenTel:（0755)65613838 Teacher Needed 1. For private language school 2.Teaching experience necessary Apply to: Instant languages Ltd, Dalian Tel ：（0411)4313861 Air Hostess(空姐)Wanted1.Age :between 20 and 332.Height:from 1.6 m to 1.75 m3.Two foreign languages4.College graduateApply to: China Airlines, Beijing Tel:（010)88488970I wanted to have one of the bigger parts in the play, so I choose the part of the king. He has a lot of lines to say. I learned them by heart.This morning in our English lesson we had to say our lines. I acted the part of the king. When I said my lines, I put a lot of expression into my acting. I thought I acted really well.Everyone in the class read a part and then the teacher decided who would play each part.Many of the students in my class couldn‘t act at all. They couldn‘t even read without making lots of mistakes. I was sure that I would get a big part in the play.However, the teacher gave me the part of a soldier. He has only one line. It is, ―Yes, sir!‖I was very disappointed. At the end of the lesson I went up to her and asked her why I had such a small part.―You put too much expression in your acting,‖ she said. ―Good acting is not big acting. It is acting the audience can believe in.‖I think I know what she means.50. What did the boy want to do in the play?A. To get a small acting part.B. To organize the playC. To get a large acting part.D. To work the lights.51. How did the writer feel when he got the part of a soldier?A. Bored.B. Sad.C. Disappointed.D. Excited.52. Why didn‘t the teacher give him the part of the kings?A. He did not act correctly.B. He did not know the lines.C. He was not handsome.D. He was too short.10.门头沟AMonday 10:30～11:00 am visit Uncle Peter in General HospitalTuesday 2:00～4:00 pm swimming classWednesday 12:00～6:00 pm part-time jobThursday 10:30～11:30 am appointment with Mr. GreenFriday 11:00 am go to the airport to meet SamSaturday 10:00～12:00 am meet Dave to study for testSunday 5:00～7:00 pm birthday party for Kate阅读John的日程表，选择正确答案。
2012年语文中考二模测试卷参考答案及评分意见一、单项技能考查（每题3分，共15分）1．D（A赝品yàn；C在燕然yān，草木长zhǎng；B诘问jié。
）2．B（不能自已：不能控制自己的感情。
已，停止、控制。
）3．A（“不是”“而是”“这时候”对这几句话之间的逻辑关系有很强的提示作用。
）4．C（此题涉及到病句的三种类型：A“科学的学习方法”不能养成，属搭配不当；B “通过”和“让”，去其一；D项关联词语误用，“只要·就”“只有·才”。
）5．B（B应为“假设关系”。
）二、古诗文能力考查（22分）（一）课内文言文阅读能力考查（10分）6．A（A除“薄暮冥冥”“义薄云天”，“日薄西山”的“薄”也是“迫近”之意。
B“期在必醉”的“期”意为希望、期望，同今义；“期年之后”的“期”意为“一周（年、月）”，读jī，古代也写作“朞”。
C“衡”虽均通“横”，但前一个“横”与“竖”相对，用的是本义；后一个“横”用的是引申义，梗塞、阻塞、不顺。
故C项不是这个题目的最佳选择。
D前一个“诣”意为“报告”，后一个“诣”指“学问等所达到的境界”。
）（2分）7．你太不聪明了！（汝、惠各0.5分，“甚矣”倒装后的强调意味1分。
）（2分）8．山高且大；移山人数少；路途遥远；工具简陋；劳动效率低下；旁人讽刺（不能用原文，一点1分，能任意答出两点即得满分。
）9．①说话的方式不同：愚公妻是“献疑”，即担心又关心；智叟是“笑而止之”，讽刺嘲笑加阻止。
②对愚公的称谓不同：愚公妻称“君”，语气尊敬；智叟称“汝”，语气很不尊重。
③即使说同样的话气不同：愚公妻是民存疑虑，“如太行王屋何”；智叟是语含挖苦，“其如土石何”。
④对愚公的评价不同：愚公妻没说愚公不明智，智叟讽刺愚公“甚矣，汝之不惠”。
⑤对愚公能力的评判不同：愚公妻只是指出事实，愚公个人人能力不够，以君之力，曾不能损魁父之丘；智叟则故意强调“残年”和“毛”，语带讥讽。
上海市黄浦区2012年初三二模语文试卷（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）2012年4月考生注意：1.本试卷共27题。
2.请将所有答案做在答题纸的指定位置上，做在试卷上一律不计分。
一、文言文（42分）(一)默写(18分)1、东边日出西边雨，（《竹枝词》）2、，铁马冰阿入梦来。
（《十一月四日风雨大作》）3、月松间照，_ 。
（《山居秋暝》）4、锦帽貂裘，_，_。
（《江城子·密州出猎》）5、斯是陋室，_，（《陋室铭》）6、_，其余则熙熙而乐。
（《捕蛇者说》）(二)阅读下面的词，完成第7-8题(4分）丑奴儿·书博山道中壁辛弃疾少年不识愁滋味，爱上层楼。
爱上层楼，为斌新词强说愁。
而今识尽愁滋味，欲说还休。
欲锐还休，却道天凉好个秋。
7、“识尽”在词中的意思是_ 。
(2分)8、下列理解不正确的一项是(2分)A 本词写出了作者内心无处倾诉的苦闷。
B “少年”在词中的意思是年轻的时候。
C “为赋新词”的意思是写出新赋新词。
D “强说愁”指的是没有愁而硬要说愁。
（三）阅读下文，完成第9—11题（8分）黠鼠赋苏子夜坐，有鼠方啮。
拊床而止之，既止复作。
使童子烛之，有橐中空。
嘐嘐聱聱，声在橐中。
曰：“嘻！此鼠之见闭而不得去者也。
”发而视之，寂无所有，举烛而索，中有死鼠。
童子惊曰：“是方啮也，而遽死耶？向为何声，岂其鬼耶？”覆而出之，堕地乃走，虽有敏者，莫措其手。
苏子叹曰：“异哉，是鼠之黠也！闭于橐中，橐坚而不可穴也。
故不啮而啮，以声致人；不死而死，以形求脱也。
吾闻有生，莫智于人，扰龙伐蛟，登龟狩麟，役万物而君之．，卒见使于一鼠，堕此虫之计中，惊脱兔于处女，乌在其为智也。
”9、本文作者是北宋文学家__。
我们还学过他贬官黄州期间写的散文_ 。
（2分）10、用现代汉语翻译下面的句子，注意加点词的含义。
（3分）役物而君之．11、下列解释正确的一项是（）（3分）A “发而视之，寂无所有”是因为老鼠死了。
B “虽有敏者，莫措其手”间接写鼠的敏捷。
延庆 BOne cold day, Mariko and her dad were walking to the store.―I’m tired of winter,‖ said Mariko.Dad waved at their neighbor. ―I bet Mr. Hill wishes spring would come too.‖ Mariko looked up to see Mr. Hill in his window. He waved, and she waved back.―Mr. Hill loves his garden,‖ said Mariko. Mr. Hill had the prettiest spring flower garden. It was full of tulips and daffodils(水仙花).Dad nodded. ―Yes, he does. And since he is old, it is hard for him to go outside in winter. The streets are too icy.‖At the store, Mariko helped dad choose milk, bread, and carrots.―You may choose a treat for yourself, Mariko,‖ said dad.Mariko thought an apple would taste good. But suddenly something else caught her eye.She pulled on dad’s sleeve(衣袖). ―Oh, Dad, look, daffodils!‖Dad smiled. ―Is that the treat you want?‖Mariko nodded.Mariko couldn’t stop looking at her daffodils all the way home. But when she got to Mr. Hill’s house, she stopped. She looked up at the window.―Wait here, dad, please,‖ she said. ―I’ll be right back.‖Mariko rang the doorbell.When Mr. Hill came to the door, Mariko held out the daffodils.Mr. Hill’s face lit up like the sun. ―What a wonderful winter surprise!‖ he cried. ―You have brought me spring!‖52. It’s hard for Mr. Hill to go outside in winter because .A. there are many people in the streetsB. the streets are too icyC. he has to look after his flowersD. he likes working in his garden53. Mariko gave the daffodils to her at last.A. fatherB. teacherC. motherD. neighbor54. From the passage we can know Mariko .A. wants to please her fatherB. is kind and thinks of othersC. doesn’t like winter at allD. likes pretty things like flowersCI am a dragon hunter. Dragonflies, that is! My name is Keith Wilson. I’m anodonatologist. That’s a scientist who studies dragonflies. I don’t hunt to kill. I hunt todiscover. So far, I have helped to find many new species, or kinds, of dragonflies.Flying ColorsWhy do I look for dragonflies? The answer is simple. I love them! They can speed by. They can make sharp turns and sudden stops. They can even fly backward.Best of all, dragonflies are beautiful. They come in many colors and patterns. Who doesn’t like looking at these amazing insects?Super SizesDragonflies come in many sizes. The smallest one is the size of your thumbnail. The largest one would cover your face. I recently looked for the heaviest dragonfly in the world—the giant petaltail. It lives in Australia.Built to HuntDragonflies are built to hunt. They have two compound(复合的) eyes. Each eye is made of 30,000 smaller eyes. All those eyes help a dragonfly see everything. A dragonfly can spot a tasty meal from up to 18 feet away.Dragonflies have six legs. The insect cannot walk on its legs, however. It uses its four wings to get around. It can fly up to thirty miles per hour, looking for food.From Water to AirA dragonfly begins its life underwater. It hatches (孵化)from an egg and becomes a larva. A larva is a young dragonfly. It can swim, but it cannot fly.A larva lives in a lake or stream. It can grow for several years. Then it crawls out of the water. It sheds(脱落) its hard skin and becomes an adult.An adult dragonfly doesn’t have much flying time. Some adults live for only a few weeks. Others are around for several months. During that time, a dragonfly is very busy. It flies. It hunts. It eats. If the dragonfly is female, it also lays eggs. Soon there will be more young dragonflies.Dragonflies in DangerI worry about dragonflies. People are cutting down forests where the insects live. That could cause some species to die out. I want to protect these tiny dragons for others to see and enjoy.53. The dragonflies are built to hunt because they .A. have six legsB. walk on their legsC. begin life underwaterD. have compound eyes54. After reading this passage, what can we conclude about dragonflies?A. Dragonflies are easy to find.B. Some dragonflies are in danger.C. Dragonflies look like small dragons.D. Some dragonflies can be harmful.55. By writing the passage, the writer wants to tell us .A. how to photograph dragonfliesB. how to protect dragonfliesC. the life of dragonfliesD. the living habits of dragonfliesDLet’s say you took violin lessons all through primary school, but you haven’t got the instrument out of its case in years. Were all those lessons a waste of your parents’ money because you didn’t become a great violinist?Not at all. Even though it has been a long time since you played the violin, a new study shows that as little as one year of music training can have a positive influence on your brain that will last the rest of your life.In an experiment comparing children who had taken music lessons to those who hadn’t. Laurel Trainor, a researcher of the Institute for Music and the Mind at Ontario’s McMaster University, discovered that the musically-trained kids had larger brain responses to the sound recognition exams. Trainor’s findings show the possibility that mu sical education can actually improve the brain’s hearing cortex (大脑皮层). ―The study’s results show that music training affects attention and memory, and helps children develop learning skills. In this way music training might lead to better learning across a number of fields,‖ Trainor said in a statement. The effects of music education are even more obvious on children with difficulty in reading and writing and other language-related disabilities.The study’s results point out that ―musical training (but not necessarily passive（被动）listening to music) influences attention and memory, which makes a possibility that musical training might lead to better learning across a number of fields,‖ Trainor said in a report.The effects of music training are even mor e easily seen in children with difficulties on language. ―A music training that can strengthen the hearing skills of children who have difficulty in reading may also help improve some of their language abilities,‖ said Gottfried Schlaug, who has also studi ed music training and learning.So, whether or not you can play a Tchaikovsky symphony part, it’s likely that your years of music lessons prepared your brain for all the speeches, emails, and conversations that are part of your life today. To help make sure that kids today have the same chances for music-inspired （激发）brain development, help out by volunteering with or giving away instruments to your school’s music training department.56. The underlined word “strengthen” means .A. make strongerB. exchange somethingC. get achievementD. keep balance57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Parents think that musical lessons are a waste of money.B. One year of music training can also have a helpful influence.C. Musical practice can make the brain become much heavier.D. Most children spend much time learning to play an instrument.58. What can we learn from the passage?A. Learning skills depend on music training greatly.B. Children who have difficulties with language enjoy music.C. The writer took violin lessons when he was young.D. Music training can also help improve one’s language ability.59. What is probably the best title for this passage?A. How to Study Well with Music TrainingB. Children Must Take Some Music LessonsC. You Can Also Become a Great MusicianD. Music Training Can Build up Your Brain八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
，潭影空人心。
（《观书有感》（《狼》邹忌修八尺有余，而形貌昳丽。
朝服衣冠，窥镜，谓其妻曰：“我孰与城北徐公美？”其妻曰：“君美甚，徐公何能及君也？”城北徐公，齐国之美丽者也。
忌不自信，而复问其妾曰：“吾孰与徐公美？”妾曰：“徐公何能及君也？”旦日，客从外来，与坐谈，问之：“吾与徐公孰美？”客曰：“徐公不若君之美也。
”明日，徐公来，孰视之，自以为不如；窥镜而自视，又弗如远甚。
暮寝而思之，曰：“吾妻之美我者，私我也；妾之美我者，畏我也；客之美我者，欲有求于我也。
”（四）阅读下文，完成第郗超与谢玄不善。
苻坚将问晋鼎①，既已狼噬梁、岐②，又虎视淮阴矣。
于是朝议遣玄北讨，人间颇有异同之论，唯超曰：“是必济事。
吾尝与共在桓宣武府，见使才皆尽，虽履屐之间③，亦得其任，以此推之，容必能立勋。
”元功④既举，时人咸叹超之先觉，又重其不以爱憎匿善。
【注】①苻坚将问晋鼎：苻坚想要图谋夺取晋朝天下。
②狼噬梁、岐：像狼那样吞并了梁、岐一带。
③履屐之间：原指距离很小，此处指小事。
④元功：首功，大功。
12.解释下列加点的词语（4分）（1）郗超与谢玄不善（） （2）人间颇有异同之论（）13.下列对文中画线句翻译正确的一项是（2分）A. 虽然是小事，也能得到他的信任。
B. 即使是小事，也能得到妥善的处理。
C. 虽然是小事，也能得到妥善的处理。
D. 即使是小事，也能得到他的信任。
本文主人公郗超具有二、现代文（共①今年，是“泰坦尼克”号沉没一百周年。
②1912年4月14日深夜，当时世界上最大的豪华客轮“泰坦尼克”号在其处女航中就因撞上冰山而沉没，1500多名乘客葬身海底。
百年来，世人对它的传奇故事依然津津乐道。
伴随着3D电影《泰坦尼克号》重新驶上银幕，关于大船的传说近日再次风mǐ全球，对它的沉没原因更是众说纷纭。
③百年来，对巨轮沉没原因有各种版本的说法：轮船航速太快，没时间避开冰山；船上使用了大量的次品铆钉，导致船身钢板外壳和冰山相撞后立即发生开裂……近日，科学家和历史学家对此又有了新的研究发现。
………………………………………………装…………订…………线………………………………………………2012年九年级第二次模拟考试语文试卷试卷满分：120分考试时间：120分钟题号第一部分[来源:学,科,网][来源:Z&x x&k.C o m]第二部分[来源:学_科_网]第三部分学科网]总分一二三四得分第一部分（1～6题 24分）1．阅读下面的文字，回答后面的问题。
(4分)生命中总有些难以跨过的沟沟坎坎，有人澳恼，有人沮丧。
但如果不跨过去，你的一生也许就平庸下去。
要问怎样跨过去呢？身处决境的时候，不妨舍得一点我们的矜持和所谓的自尊，因为当你成功时，这些舍得的东西会加倍地回来。
（1）给下面词语中加着重号的字注音。
(2分)①沮．( )丧②平庸．( )（2）这段文字中有两个错别字，请找出来并加以改正。
(2分)①应改为②应改为2．改正下列病句，每句只改动一处。
(2分)（1）教师在课堂上应该发挥同学们充分的主体作用。
改正：（2）在这次活动中我们取得了优异的成绩，但也存在着几个缺点需要我们努力。
改正：3．选出下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当的一项（2分）（）A．三十年来，社会沧桑巨变．．．．，《读者》做精神家园守望者的宗旨却始终未变。
B．炮轰食品犯罪行为，维护百姓餐桌安全，是时代赋予新闻工作者义不容辞．．．．的责任。
C．为保障游客权益，使游客在参差不齐．．．．的旅游信息中不受骗，国家大力整顿了旅游市场。
得分评卷人D．网络交友已是许多人玩腻了的游戏，可有些年轻人依然乐此不疲．．．．，一个个前赴后继地扎进去。
4．把下面的句子组成语意连贯的一段话。
（只填序号）（2分）①在南坡，带状分布的原始云杉林海连绵不断，棵棵巨杉像一把把利剑，直插云天。
②在北坡，五花甸草原上，你可以看见新疆细毛羊群和奔驰的伊犁马群。
③在连天蔽日的杉木下，马鹿、狍鹿、棕熊、雪豹等野生动物出没其间。
④吃完早饭后，继续南下，就进入喀什河和巩乃斯河的草原和森林带。
2012年松江区初中毕业学业模拟考试语文试卷（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）2012.4 考生注意：本卷共有27题。
请将所有答案写在答题卷上，写在试卷上不计分。
一、文言文（42分）（一）默写（18分）1．几处早莺争暖树，。
（《钱塘湖春行》）2．，但余钟磬音。
（《题破山寺后禅院》）3．了却君王天下事，。
（《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄》）4．，却疑春色在邻家。
（《雨晴》）5．无丝竹之乱耳，。
（《陋室铭》）6．呼嘘毒疠，。
（《捕蛇者说》）（二）阅读下列宋词，完成7—8题（4分）蝶恋花（宋〃柳永）伫倚危楼风细细，望极春愁，黯黯生天际。
草色烟光残照里，无言谁会凭阑意？拟把疏狂图一醉，对酒当歌，强乐还无味。
衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。
7．末句中“伊”字一语双关，既指，又指。
（2分）8．下列对这首词理解有误的一项是。
（2分）A．“草色烟光残照里”展示了主人公望尽天涯时的所见之景，营造了伤感的氛围。
B．“无言谁会凭阑意”表明因为词人不愿与人交流，所以没人能理解他的心声。
C．本词上片写主人公登高望远，离愁滋生；下片写苦中求乐，情深志坚。
D．本词紧扣“春愁”二字，写景抒情，曲径通幽，词末交代了“春愁”的原因。
（三）阅读下文，完成9—11题（8分）周处周处年少时，凶强侠气，为乡里所患。
又义兴水中有蛟，山中有白额虎，并皆暴犯百姓。
义兴人谓为三横，而处尤剧。
或说处杀虎斩蛟，实冀三横唯余其一。
处即刺杀虎，又入水击蛟。
蛟或浮或没，行数十里，处与之俱。
经三日三夜，乡里皆谓已死，更相庆。
竟杀蛟而出，闻里人相庆，始知为人情所患，有自改意。
乃入吴寻二陆。
平原不在，正见清河，具以情告，并云欲自修改而年已蹉跎，终无所成。
清河曰：“古人贵朝闻夕死，况君前途尚可。
且人患志之不立，何忧令名不彰邪？”处遂改励，终为忠臣。
9．课文选自由南北朝时（人名）所编撰的《》。
（2分）10．用现代汉语翻译下面的句子，注意加点词的含义。
（3分）蛟或浮或没，行数十里，处与之．俱。
2012初三二模专项：阅读D篇01.东城DChildren can spend hours a day looking at computer screens and other digital devices(数码设备). Some eye doctor s say this leads to an increase in ―computer vision syndrome(电脑视力综合症).‖Nathan Bonilla-Warford is an optometrist（验光师）in Tampa, Florida. He has seen an increase in problems in children. ―A lot more children come into the office either because their parents have noticed that they have headaches or red or watery eyes or discomfort, or because their nearsightedness appears to be i ncreasing and they‘re worried,‖ he says.Dr. Bonilla-Warford says part of the problem is that children may be more likely to pay no attention to early warning signs than adults. ―Even if their eyes start to feel uncomfortable or they start to get a headach e, they‘re less likely to tell their parents, because they don‘t want to have the game or the computer or whatever taken away,‖ he explains.He says another part of the problem is that people blink（眨眼）less often when they use digital devices. He says, ―A person who uses an electronic device blinks about one third as much as we normally do in everyday life. And so that can result in the front part of the eye drying and not staying protected like normal.‖Eye doctors offer suggestions like following which is known as the 20/20/20 rule. That means every twenty minutes look away twenty feet or more for at least twenty seconds from whatever device you‘re using.Other suggestions include putting more distance between you and the device and using good lighting. Of course, another way is to spend less time looking at screens. Many experts say children should spend no more than two hours a day using digital devices—with no screen time for children under two.But not all eye doctors have noticed an increase in problems in children. Dr. David Hunter, from Children‘s Hospital Boston, has not seen an increase in his practice. ―While it is possible to develop fatigue looking at screens for a long period of time, there‘s certainly no proof that it actually causes any damage（伤害）to the eyes.‖ he says.57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Dr. Bonilla-Warford thinks using computers causes nearsightedness.B. People keep their eyes protected against drying by blinking normally.C. Children under two can watch TV for less than two hours a day.D. Dr. David Hunter says headache causes an increase in eye problems.58. What does the underlined word ―fatigue” mean?A. Interest.B. Ability.C. Tiredness.D. Difficulty.59. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Looking at Screen: Two Hours or MoreB. How Can Children Use Their Eyes ProperlyC. Using Digital Devices: Advantages and DisadvantagesD. How Much Screen Time Is Too Much for Children02.西城03.朝阳DI traveled to Singapore from my home in Thailand on March 12 last year for a four-week English course. If I was used to the environment, I would like to go to high school there. I got along well with my teachers and classmates. Even though we had known each other only a short time, we formed a good friendship.On April 3, I made plans to meet my friends at East Coast Park, so we could hang out for the last time before I returned to Thailand. That morning, I went to the underground station and found a place just behind the yellow line that stops people from standing too close to the edge of the platform (站台). More people began lining up behind me, and before long I could feel the push of the people at my back.Just as the train came up to the station, the people pushed forward. I lost balance (平衡) and fell off the platform. Before I knew what was happening, the train‘s front wheels rolled across my legs. Looking at the platform, I shouted, ―Help me! Quickly!‖ I didn‘t cry because I knew that if I started I might not be able to control myself.After I was lifted onto the platform, I was taken directly to the nearest hospital where a doctor told me that they would not be able to save my legs. I accepted what he said. Whatever was going to happen would happen. There‘s no point in crying about what‘s already lost.I stayed in the hospital for two months and ten days. And then an exciting thing happened. The second daughter of the King of Thailand learned about my accident and had me moved to the SirindhornCenter back home. She also offered me the chance to finish my education at the Chitralada School in Bangkok. I was so happy because the school is very difficult to get into. It was very kind of her to help out a person like me. At the center, I was fitted with German-made prosthetic legs. Learning to walk again was difficult. Every step needed a lot of training.I often asked why I could still smile after the accident. The fact is that I don‘t know why I should be sad. All that I‘ve lost are legs, not my life. Everything that happened after the accident was truly surprising.I really believe that I now have a great doctor at the center. I have met others who‘ve lost limbs like me. Getting into Chitralada School is beyond belief for me. Meeting new people is great. Getting help from the King‘s daughter has been very encouraging.I think my attitude comes from how my parents raised me. This is what my dad said in an interview: ―I tell both of my daughters that nothing is certain. We could die tomorrow or in the next five years. Anything could happen, so we always have to be prepared. I think my daughter has done very well in the accident.‖56. What‘s the writer‘s purpose to go to Singapore?A. To join her family.B. To meet some friends.C. To finish high school.D. To improve her English.57. What‘s the final result of the accident?A. The writer fell off the platform.B. The train ran over the writer.C. The writer lost both of her legs.D. The writer was taken to hospital.58. What the writer‘s father said mainly tells us that ______.A. we can never know the futureB. death usually comes suddenlyC. the world is full of dangersD. one must be ready for anything59. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Walk OnB. Goodbye My LegsC. Stand UpD. I‘m Still Living04.海淀DFor eight weeks last summer, scientists from several universities and government weather laboratories carried out the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS). They set up a center in Goodland, Kansas, home to some of the heaviest thunderstorms（雷暴雨）in the United States. In this area, humid air from the Gulf ofMexico meets hot, dry air from the southwest, resulting in storms so huge that they can last for days as they move east across the country.The scientists working in Goodland were trying to learn as much as they could about these disordered storm systems. They already knew that the combination of strong winds, large amounts of moisture(潮湿), and big differences in temperatures could produce thunderheads,known as Super Cells. They also knew that super cells could produce terrible weather, including tornadoes（龙卷风）. What the scientists did not know, however, was why some super cells produce heavy rain, lightning, and tornadoes, while others produce large hail（冰雹）that can destroy a wheat crop or a roof. The scientists supposed that the physical characteristics of storm clouds would give the reason for such differences.To study the storm clouds, the researchers in Goodland met each morning and studied weather data(数据), hoping for bad weather. Their cars, equipped with weather instruments, were ready. Whenever a storm came near, some scientists drove toward the storm front and began collecting data on winds, temperature, air pressure, and humidity. During the storm, they also calculated the time and place of every lightning strike.At the same time that the scientists on the ground were collecting their data, researchers in the air were operating a special radar station that would help them measure（计量）the shape and size of the water drops inside the clouds. These scientists rode in a single-engine plane specifically designed to fly through terrible weather systems. While the pilot guided the plane through heavy wind, lightning, hail, and ice, the scientists on board collected their storm data.Researchers say that it will take years for them to understand all the data they have collected. Their hope is that by comparing the conditions on the ground with the conditions in the air, it may be possible to learn much more about how lightning is produced, why some storms produced baseball-sized hail, and why others produce floods and tornadoes.56. According to the passage, large, disordered storm systems can be caused _______.A. by tornadoesB. by large hail and iceC. when humid air and hot, dry air meetD. when water drops make clouds grow too large57. Which of the following actions did the scientists carry out first?A. They collected storm data.B. They waited for bad weather.C. They measured water drops.D. They drove toward the storm front.58. The research data collected by the scientists in Kansas _____.A. was so great that it will take time to sort out properlyB. has provided clear answers to the scientists‘ question sC. will lead to other research projects at the STEPS labsD. has explained why some storms produce hail and others do not59. What‘s the passage mainly about?A. How scientists used what they knew about storms in their research.B. How the scientists tried to learn more about serious storm systems.C. How scientists collected different data on land and in the air.D. How scientists chose Goodland Kansas as their research base.05.昌平D.Each person has different learning preferences and ways which do good to them, including visual, auditory, logical, social, solitary or tactile. It is useful for people to discover some learning styles that work best for them or ways that are better in certain situations. It is also possible for people to work out new ways of learning in the near future.Visual Learning StyleVisual learners learn better with the help of pictures, videos, tables, and books. These people benefit when information is presented on ppt or white board, on a piece of paper, or in a book. Visual learners often make sure they have enough notes and spend more time reviewing information from textbooks. Visual learners also often draw pictures when trying to understand a subject.Auditory Learning StyleAuditory learners better get information presented in lectures (讲座) and public speeches, audio recordings, etc. While a visual learner would prefer to read a book or watch a video, auditory learners would prefer to sit in a lecture.Tactile Learning StyleTactile Learners learn best through hands-on participation (参与). These types of people are also known as kinesthetic learners. For example, a tactile learner in a car repair class would learn better by working on cars rather than sitting through a lecture or reading a book. They also show excellent achievement in classes where students are able to study in labs. Logical StylePeople who are good at math and reasoning skills are usually logical learners. They notice overall rules quickly and have the ability to relate information to what they learned before. Logical learners understand things better by drawing connections to what they know.Social StyleSocial learners usually have excellent written and oral communication skills. These people feel no trouble at all to speak with others and often understand others easily. For this reason, others usually get suggestions from social learners. Social learners also learn best working with groups and try to meet individually (单独地) with teachers for help.Solitary StyleSolitary learners usually prefer to work by themselves alone. They usually do not depend on others for help when solving a problem or studying. Solitary learners can work out their learning preferences and methods. Since solitary learners prefer to work alone, it is possible for them to waste time on a difficult problem before looking for help.To get the most out of your time studying, it is very helpful to find out your personal learning preferences and styles. It is very beneficial to know the learning styles that are best for you when selecting a major, preparing for a test and even selecting a future job.56. What‘s the best name for this passage?A.Discover Your Learning StyleB. Understand All Learning StylesC. Get Help from Yourself and OthersD. Work out New Ways for Yourself57. Who might be the writer of this passage?A. Someone who studies at people.B. Someone who studies at testing.C. Someone who studies at maths.D. Someone who studies at language.58. Where can people probably find this passage?A. In a public newspaper.B. In a short storybook.C. In a school magazine.D. In a personal diary.59. What‘re kinesthetic learners like?A. People who learn better by writing.B. People who learn better by listening.C. People who learn better by drawing.D. People who learn better by doing.06.大兴DEvery year a couple of things rise to the top of the ―must have‖ list, becoming the season‘s popular gifts. Hundreds of people line up outside stores, hoping to buy the gifts.Such gifts are examples of social epidemics(流行病)---cases when many people do the same thing at the same time. Why do we end up with the same presents? It could be that the popular gifts are simply better than the rest. But more likely, a gift‘s popularity is random(任意的).People‘s shopping behavior is not independent. Our behavior depends on the behavior of those around us. This influences both what people talk about and what they buy.Conversations are often driven to the common ground, so we talk about celebrities (like Lady Gaga), the weather or the local sports team. When it comes to the presents we are buying, we tend(倾向于) to bring up the things we think others have heard of.Social influence leads us to buy what other people buy. Some scientists recently did an experiment. In the study, people visited a website where they could listen to songs and download them for free. Some people were given information about what previous(先前的)site visitors had downloaded, and this led to convergence(趋同): People tended to download songs others had chosen. In addition, participants(参与者) in the experiment were divided into eight groups and could see the previous downloads only people of their own group. What the researchers found was powerful. Across the separate groups, the songs that became ―hits‖ were greatly different. The top song in one social world was a failure in another. Why? Well, if people imitate(模仿) others, then whatever gets an early advantage in popularity is likely to stand out.As with these ―hit‖ songs, the popular gifts depend less on their qualities but more on human psychology(心理). So as you stand in long line trying to get whatever it is that everyone else seems to want this year, stop to realize that this may have less to do with the gift and more about our instincts(本能). And remember that whoever you are giving the present to may be just as happy with something else.56. What‘s the passage mainly about?A. Our shopping behavior is influenced by our society.B. We should learn to depend on ourselves in our life.C. Everyone should line up and buy the gifts in order.D. We should have to follow the rules in the market.57. What does the underlined word ―celebrities‖ probably mean?A. Peace.B. News.C. Famous people.D. Friendship.58. Why does the writer show the experiment to us in the third paragraph?A. To tell us how to carry out an experiment carefully.B. To make us pay more attention to the achievements.C. To explain why people buy different kinds of gifts crazily.D. To show how social influence shapes common results.59. We can make a conclusion from the passage that_____________.A. the gift you offer may not be the favorite of its ownerB. the price of all the gifts will be raised in a short timeC. we must make sure there is a trade mark on the giftD. more and more gifts may be returned to the stores soon07.房山DYour parents always tell you that a solid education is the key to a successful future. For those of you who have or will be graduating from high school, the promise you made to finish your schooling has been completed. Another few years in some college classroom just doesn‘t sound too attractive; so what are your choices? Let‘s see, Choice 1—You can live with your parents, leech on to them, and basically do nothing. Or Choice 2—You could get yourself a job. Of course, there are other choices, but for this little discussion, we‘ll just suppose that they aren‘t related.Okay, so Choice 2 is obviously going to be more productive. You will finally be entering the real world. What would be a good place to start? Well, hopefully high school helped to give you some sort of an idea of what type of job you would like to enter. If not, then it would be a good idea to speak with an advisor or a person working in the field you may be interested in before you jump into a job that you won‘t like. Gaining knowledge on a particular line of work beforehand can be good by helping you in your search to find the job that you will enjoy doing. Another reason to research jobs and get some hands on work is related to the fact that it will also be helpful in providing you with some valued experience. Internships(见习) or volunteering are usually a good place to start.If you are ready to begin a job after high school, you will clearly be saving money from high college cost and happily making a living in your chosen jobs. From another point of view, jumping into the workforce is sometimes the only way to see for yourself if you are ready to work a 40-hour week yet. If you decide that full time work is not what you are ready for, then this may suggest that you should go backto school and get a degree. Besides, a college degree will usually mean higher pay.56. The underlined phrase “leech on to”in the first paragraph might mean “_____”.A. deal withB. care forC. quarrel withD. depend on57. Which of the following Isn’t mentioned in helping you find a job?A. Ideas about getting a job in high schools.B. Advice from teachers and parents.C. Internships and volunteering.D. Experience in work.58. The advantages of starting work right after high school include the following except _____.A. getting to know if you should go back to schoolB. making sure if you are really ready to workC. getting higher payD. saving money59. The best title for this passage might be _____.A. Going Back to CollegeB. The Place Where I Should StartC. Jumping into Work after High SchoolD. The Advantage of Starting Work Earlier08.丰台DHeredity is not the only thing that influences our color. Where we live and how we live after we are born are important too. Our skin color depends to a great extent on how much sunshine we get.During the cold winter months, people keep themselves covered. A group of light-colored people will all seem to be pretty much the same color in these months. But when summer arrives and they go to the b eaches, some will tan darkly, some will tan lightly and a few will not tan at all. Each one has inherited a different ability to tan.Centuries ago, most of the people in Europe were peasants and had to work in the fields all day. Noblemen, on the other hand, did not have to work. They stayed indoors and remained pale. You could always tell a nobleman from a peasant because the peasant had a tan.During the Industrial Revolution things changed. Farmers left their fields and went to work in factories, mines, and mills. Working for long hours in dingy-lit factories and minesmade their skins pale. Wealthy people, however, could afford to travel to sunny countries. They had the leisure to lie around on the beaches and get a tan. Having a tan became a sign of wealth.In Western Europe and North America pale skin is no longer desirable. Instead of bleaching themselves white with lemon juice, many women spend their time under a sunlamp. The desire for a quick tan has led to the invention of pills and lotion (乳液) that darken the skin artificially without exposure to sunlight. These pills and lotions can be bought by anyone at any drugstore. A rich man can spend hundreds of dollars on a vacation in the sunny West India and get his suntan there. But his lowest-paid clerk can have what looks like the same tan out of a bottle of a few cents.So there are three answers to the question "Where does our color come from?" It comes from the genes we inherit. It comes from the conditions in which we live. And it can come from a bottle that we buy at the drugstore on the corner. 364 w56. What can we infer from the passage?A. In Western Europe and North America pale skin is no longer desirable.B. In the past, English peasants had the same tan as the noblemen.C. The more we lie on the beach, the more tanned our skins get.D. At one time people needed a tan skin to show they were wealthy.57. What does the word ―tan‖ in Paragraph 2 best mean?A. Getting thirsty.B. Getting tired.C. Getting hot.D. Getting brown.58. How many different ways do western people use to give their skin a tan?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.59. What is the passage mainly about?A. Our skin color depends on how much sunshine we get.B. Our skin color changes with the conditions in which we live.C. Our skin color depends on where and how we live besides heredity.D. People‘s attitude towards their skin color changes with time and people.09.怀柔DSome time ago scientists and doctors believed that babies started learning at a later age. But today‘s research shows that this is not true. Experts say that babies start learning from their birth, and even before thatBabies are influenced by the world around them. The first method of communicating with the outside world is smiling and crying. They smile when their mother does something that a baby likes. They cry when they feel unpleasant or want something.Babies learn even before they are born. They recognize new sounds when they are still in their mother‘s womb. Researchers from the Netherlands found out that unbor n babies can remember sounds.They played sounds to babies and watched their movements. They realized that the older unborn babies got the longer they were able to remember sounds.Above all , mothers can influence how a baby develops in the first year after birth. American researchers studied about 1000 babies and mothers for three years. They found out that a mother‘s health influenced the intelligence of children a lot. Children of women who suffered from depression（沮丧）did worse in intelligence tests than those children of happy mothers. Such children also showed more problems when communicating with people.A baby‘s weight at birth may also influence its intelligence. Doctors have found out that babies who did not weigh that much at birth are more likely to have physical and mental problems. 500 youngsters who weighed less than 2 kg at birth were tested in the past years. Results show that they did not do as well in movement and mental tests than babies who had a normal weight.The first three years of a child‘s development is most important when it comes to communication and language learning. The brain develops rapidly during this time. When a child sees things and hears sounds of many people it repeats them often. Children that do not develop language skills during this period may have problems when they get older.At six months babies make sounds in their native language, after a year they are often able to say a few words. By the age of two they can create simple sentences. By the age of four the number of words a child can understand quickly increases and by the age of 5 it can understand some of the rules of its language.Generally , parents who care for their child more and help develop l anguage skills before they start school do better at school.56. What is the first method of communicating with the outside world?A. smiling and crying.B. Reapt many sounds of people.C. Recognize new sounds.D.Say a few words.57. What can we learn from the passage?A. Babies start learning from their birth.B. Morther‘s health influence the baby‘s weight at birth.C. Babies start language learning in the first year after birth.D. When babies are still in their mother‘s womb ,they can remember sounds.58.What can be the best title for the passage?A. Babies Develop Better When They Are Cared ForB. Babies Learn Even Before They Are BornC. How To Develop Babies‘ Language SkillD.The Best Time To Start Babies‘ Learning59. What is the writer‘s purpose in writing the passage?A. To tell the true that babies start learning from their birth, and even before that.B. To suggest parents to helping their babies develop language skill before they start school.C. To explain why mothers‘ health influence their babies.D. To tell parents that babies develop better when they are cared for.10.门头沟DIf you take a look at the best-selling books in the UK these days, it is almost certain that there will be a lot of autobiographies in that list. Bill Clinton, Nelson Mandela and actor Michael J Fox have all writtenthem.An autobiography is the story of a person‘s life, written by that person. It is usually a very famous person who might tell us all about their childhood, how they became famous and any other interesting things that have happened in their lives.Traditionally, someone would write an autobiography when they were older because they had had a long, successful life. However, these days there are many magazines with stories and photos of the stars which sell very well. Reality TV shows are extremely popular and lots of people become famous very easily just from being on the TV rather than being able to sing or act well. As a result, people become famous very quickly and as soon as they are famous, a lot of money can be made from writing an autobiography, even if they are very young.So now you can find an autobiography from almost everyone who is in the public eye. Even though we can follow the lives of the stars very closely on TV or in magazines nowadays, we maybe don‘t know how they live their lives from day to day. Autobiographies often give the information we never knew about the stars. The British public are very curious(好奇的) to find out more so they are very eager(渴望) to read autobiographies.Not every star wants to write though. Sometimes stars employ(雇佣) writers to write their life stories for them. The writer will interview the star, listen to everything they want to say, record interviews and then write the book based on their words. David Beckham did this with his book My Side.Not everyone likes to read books regularly but they might like to read about the lives of stars. Autobiographies are helping to get more British people reading books. About 100 million autobiographies are sold in Britain every year. More stars depend on them for extra(额外的) income(收入) and as more of these books appear in the shops, more people are sure to keep buying them.( ) 57. An autobiography is __________.A. always a best-seller in the UKB. a magazine with stories and photos of a starC. someone‘s life sto ry normally written by themselvesD. a program that tells us the lives of the stars nowadays( ) 58. Traditionally, someone would write his autobiography when __________.A. they became famousB. they wanted to make moneyC. they were older and had achieved a lotD. they wanted to share their childhood with the readers( ) 59. The writer probably would agree that autobiographies are good in that ________.A. we can learn a lot from themB. they encourage people to read。
