大通燃气:具垄断性但业绩不稳,2010年净利或降66%,EPS0.11元
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SPEC. NUMBERPRODUCT GROUP TFT-LCDPAGENV156FHM-N42Preliminary Product SpecificationRev. P0OF 33PROPRIETARY NOTETHIS SPECIFICATION IS THE PROPERTY OF BOE BJ AND SHALL NOT BEREPRODUCED OR COPIED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BOE BJ AND MUST BE RETURNED TO BOE BJ UPON ITS REQUESTHEFEI XINSHENG OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTDRev. P0ISSUE DATE 2014.11.7*SPEC. NUMBERPAGE OF 33REV.ECN No.DESCRIPTION OF CHANGESDATEPREPAREDP0-Initial Release2014.11.7杨通REVISION HISTORYPRODUCT GROUPREV ISSUE DATE TFT- LCD PRODUCT*SPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Product SpecificationP02014.11.7OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification3Contents No.ItemsPage REVISION HISTORY 2 CONTENTS31.0General Description 42.0Absolute Maximum ratings 63.0Electrical specifications.74.0Optical specifications.105.0Interface Connection 156.0Signal Timing Specification187.0Input Signals, Display Colors & Gray Scale of Colors 208.0Power Sequence 219.0Connector description 2210.0Mechanical Characteristics 2311.0Reliability Test 2412.0Handling & Cautions.2413.0Label2514.0Packing information27 15.0Mechanical Outline Dimension 28 16.0EDID Table30OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification41.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION1.1 IntroductionNV156FHM-N42 is a color active matrix TFT LCD module using amorphous silicon TFT's (Thin Film Transistors) as an active switching devices. This module has a 15.6 inch diagonally measured active area with FHD resolutions (1920 horizontal by 1080vertical pixel array). Each pixel is divided into RED, GREEN, BLUE dots which are arranged invertical Stripe and this module can display 262,144 colors. The TFT-LCD panel used for this module is a low reflection and higher color type. Therefore, this module is suitable for Notebook PC. The LED Driver for back-light driving is built in this model. All input signals are eDP1.2 interface compatible.1.2 Features 2 lane eDP Interface with2.7Gbps Link Rates Thin and light weight6-bit color depth, display 262K colorsSingle LED Lighting Bar. (Down side/Horizontal Direction) Green Product (RoHS & Halogen free product) On board LED Driving circuitLow driving voltage and low power consumptionOn board EDID chipBACK LIGHT (Fluorescent Lamp)Gate DriverSource DriverTFT LCD Panel 1920 ×1080eDP Rx +T/CON +PHI Tx DC/DC Gamma VcomConnector eDP Input SignalVDDLED Lighting Bar 1LED DriverOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification5 1.4 General SpecificationThe followings are general specifications at the model NV156FHM-N42. (listed in Table 1.)Parameter Specification Unit RemarksActive area 344.16 (H) ×193.59 (V) mm Number of pixels 1920 (H) ×1080 (V) pixels Pixel pitch 0.17925 (H) X 0.17925 (V)mmPixel arrangement RGB Vertical stripeDisplay colors 262K colors Display mode Normally BlackDimensional outline 359.5(H)*223.8(V) (W/PCB)*3.2(Max)mm Weight380 (max)g Surface treatment AGBack-lightLower Down side, 1-LED Lighting Bar typeNote 1Power consumptionP D : 1.0 (max)W Mosaic PatternP BL :3.4(max) W P total :4.4 (max)WMosaic Pattern Notes : 1. LED Lighting Bar (45*LED Array)<Table 1. General Specifications>1.3 ApplicationNotebook PC (Wide type)OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification62.0 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSThe followings are maximum values which, if exceed, may cause faulty operation ordamage to the unit. The operational and non-operational maximum voltage and current values are listed in Table 2.ParameterSymbol Min.Max.Unit RemarksPower Supply Voltage V DD -0.3 4.0V Note 1Logic Supply VoltageV IN V ss -0.3V DD +0.3V Operating Temperature T OP 0+50℃Note 2Storage TemperatureT ST-20+60℃Notes : 1. Permanent damage to the device may occur if maximum values are exceeded functional operation should be restricted to the condition described under normal operating conditions.2. Temperature and relative humidity range are shown in the figure below. 95 % RH Max. ( 40 O C ≥ Ta)Maximum wet - bulb temperature at 39 O C or less. (Ta > 40 O C) No condensation.Ta=25+/-2°C < Table 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings>OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification7Notes : 1. The supply voltage is measured and specified at the interface connector of LCM. The current draw and power consumption specified is for 3.3V at 25℃. Mosaic Pattern2. Calculated value for reference (V LED × I LED )3.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS3.1 Electrical SpecificationsParameterMin.Typ.Max.Unit RemarksPower Supply Voltage V DD 3.0 3.3 3.6V Note 1Permissible Input Ripple Vol tageV RF --100mV At V DD = 3.3VPower Supply Current I DD -TBD -mA Note 1Differential Input VoltageV ID 200-600mV Power ConsumptionP D-- 1.0W Note 1P BL -- 3.4W Note 2P total-- 4.4W< Table 3. Electrical specifications >Ta=25+/-2°COF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification8 3.2 Backlight Unit< Table 4. LED Driving guideline specifications >Notes : 1. Power supply voltage12V for LED DriverCalculator Value for reference I F × V F ×45 / efficiency = P LED2. The LED Life-time define as the estimated time to 50% degradation of initial luminous.3. 1% duty cycle is achievable with a dimming frequency less than 1KHz.Ta=25+/-2°CParameterMin.Typ.Max.Unit RemarksLED Forward Voltage V F -- 3.0V -LED Forward Current I F -21.9-mA -LED Power Consumption P LED - 3.4W Note 1LED Life-TimeN/A 15,000--Hour I F = 20mAPower supply voltage for LE D Driver V LED51221V EN Control LevelBacklight on 2.5 5.0V Backlight off 0 1.0V PWM Contr ol LevelPWM High Level 2.5 5.0V PWM Low Level00.1V PWM Control Frequency F PWM 100-10,000Hz Duty Ratio-1-100%Note3OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification9 3.3 LED structureOF 33SPEC. NUMBER SPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification104.0 OPTICAL SPECIFICATION4.1 OverviewThe test of Optical specifications shall be measured in a dark room (ambient luminance 1 lux and temperature = 252℃) with the equipment of Luminance meter system (Goniometersystem and PR730) and test unit shall be located at an approximate distance50cm from the LCD surface at a viewing angle of θ and Φ equal to 0. We refer to θØ=0 (=θ3 ) as the 3 o ’clock direction (the “right ”), θØ=90 (= θ12 ) as the 12 o ’clock direction (“upward ”), θØ=180 (= θ9 ) as the 9 o ’clock direction (“left ”) andθØ=270(= θ6 ) as the 6 o ’clock direction (“bottom ”). While scanning θand/or Ø, the center of the measuring spot on the Display surface shall stay fixed. The backlight should be operating for 30 minutes prior to measurement. VDD shall be 3.3+/- 0.3V at 25 C. Optimum viewing angle direction is 6 ’clock. ParameterSymbolConditionMin.Typ.Max.UnitRemarkViewing Angle rangeHorizontal Θ3CR > 10-85-Deg.Note 1Θ9-85-Deg.VerticalΘ12-85-Deg.Θ6-85-Deg.Luminance Contrast ratio CR Θ = 0-800Note 2Luminance ofWhite5 PointsY w Θ = 0I LED = 21.6mA-250-cd/m 2Note 3White Luminan ce uniformity5 Points ΔY580--Note 413 PointsΔY1365--White Chromaticityx w Θ = 00.2830.3130.343Note 5y w 0.2990.3290.359Reproduction of colorRedx R Θ = 0-0.030.590+0.03y R 0.350Green x G 0.330y G 0.555Bluex B 0.153y B0.119Gamut 45%Response Time (Rising + Falling)T RT Ta= 25 C Θ = 0-3035msNote 6<Table 5. Optical Specifications>4.2 Optical SpecificationsOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification11Notes : 1. Viewing angle is the angle at which the contrast ratio is greater than 10. The viewingangles are determined for the horizontal or 3, 9 o ’clock direction and the vertical or 6, 12 o ’clock direction with respect to the optical axis which is normal to the LCD surface (see FIGURE 1). 2. Contrast measurements shall be made at viewing angle of Θ= 0 and at the center of the LCD surface. Luminance shall be measured with all pixels in the view field set first to white, then to the dark (black) state .(see FIGURE 1) Luminance Contrast Ratio (CR) is defined mathematically.3. Center Luminance of white is defined as luminance values of 5 point average acrossthe LCD surface. Luminance shall be measured with all pixels in the view field set first to white. This measurement shall be taken at the locations shown in FIGURE 2 for a total of the measurements per display. 4. The White luminance uniformity on LCD surface is then expressed as : ΔY =Minimum Luminance of 5(or 13) points / Maximum Luminance of 5(or 13) points. (see FIGURE 2 and FIGURE 3).5. The color chromaticity coordinates specified in Table 5 shall be calculated from the spectral data measured with all pixels first in red, green, blue and white. Measurements shal l be made at the center of the panel. 6. The electro-optical response time measurements shall be made as FIGURE 4 by switching the “data ” input signal ON and OFF. The times needed for the luminance to change from 10% to 90% is Tr, and 90% to 10% is Td. 7. Cross-Talk of one area of the LCD surface by another shall be measured by comparingthe luminance (YA) of a 25mm diameter area, with all display pixels set to a gray level, to the luminance (YB) of that same area when any adjacent area is driven dark. (See FIGURE 5).CR =Luminance when displaying a white raster Luminance when displaying a black rasterOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Product Specification12Figure 1. Measurement Set UpFigure 2. White Luminance and Uniformity Measurement Locations (5 points)Optical characteristics measurement setupCenter of the screenTFT-LCD moduleLCD panelPhoto detector (PR730)50 cmField = 2o4.3 Optical measurements Center Luminance of white is defined as luminance values of center 5 points acros s the LCD surface. Luminance shall be measured with all pixels in the view field set first to white. This measurement shall be taken at the locations shown in FIGURE 2 for a total of the measurements per display.OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification13Figure 3. Uniformity Measurement Locations (13 points)Figure 4. Response Time TestingThe White luminance uniformity on LCD surface is then expressed as : ΔY5 = Mi nimum Luminance of five points / Maximum Luminance of five points (see FIGU RE 2) , ΔY13 = Minimum Luminance of 13 points /Maximum Luminance of 13 po ints (see FIGURE 3).The electro-optical response time measurements shall be made as shown in FIG URE 4 by switching the “data” input signal ON and OFF. The times needed for th e luminance to change from 10% to 90% is Td and 90% to 10% is Tr.Display dataOpticalResponseBlack(TFT ON)White(TFT OFF)100%90%10% 0%T RT FTimeWhite(TFT OFF)OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification14Y B - Y AY ACross-Talk (%) =× 100Figure 5. Cross Modulation Test Description Where:Y A = Initial luminance of measured area (cd/m 2)Y B = Subsequent luminance of measured area (cd/m 2)The location measured will be exactly the same in both patternsCross-Talk of one area of the LCD surface by another shall be measured by com paring the luminance (YA) of a 25mm diameter area, with all display pixels set to a gray level, to the luminance (YB) of that same area when any adjacent area is driven dark (Refer to FIGURE 5).Y A (1195, 384)L0Y B (1195, 384)1025, 192L31342,192VIEW AREAVIEW AREA1025,576342,576OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Product Specification15<Table 6. Pin Assignments for the Interface Connector>5.0 INTERFACE CONNECTION. 5.1 Electrical Interface Connection The electronics interface connector is UJU IS050-L30B-C10 or Compatible. The connector interface pin assignments are listed in Table6.Terminal Symbol Functions Pin No.SymbolDescription1CABC_ENABLETest enable 2H_GND Ground3LANE1_N eDP RX channel 1 negative 4LANE1_P eDP RX channel 1 positive 5H_GND Ground6LANE0_N eDP RX channel 0 negative 7LANE0_P eDP RX channel 0 positive 8H_GND Ground9AUX_CH_P eDP AUX CH positive 10AUX_CH_N eDP AUX CH negative 11H_GND Ground12LCD_VCC Power Supply, 3.3V (typ.)13LCD_VCC Power Supply, 3.3V (typ.)14LCD_Self_TestPanel self test enable 15H_GND Ground 16H_GND Ground17HPD Hot plug detect output 18BL_GND LED Ground 19BL_GND LED Ground 20BL_GND LED Ground 21BL_GND LED Ground22BL_ENABLE LED enable pin(+3.3V Input)23BL_PWM System PWM Signal Input 24Hsync 预留Hsync ,暂不开启25NCNo Connection26BL_POWER LED Power Supply 5V-21V 27BL_POWER LED Power Supply 5V-21V 28BL_POWER LED Power Supply 5V-21V 29BL_POWER LED Power Supply 5V-21VOF 33SPEC. NUMBER SPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification165-2. eDP InterfaceNote. Transmitter : NT71895QG or equivalent.Transmitter is not contained in Module.eDP interfaceeDP Source Function666eDP to mLVDS ParallelG0~G5B0~B5Hsync Vsync DECLKR0~R5AUX chanelHPDPC Side TFT-LCD SideVideo /Graphics Processing CircuitsMain link5.3.eDP Input signalLane 0R0-5:0G0-5:4G0-3.0B0-5:2B0-1:0R1-5:0G1-5:0B1-5:4B1-3:0R2-5:2R2-1:0G2-5:0B2-5:0R3-5:4R3-3:0G3-5:2G3-1:0B3-5:0OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification175.4 Back-light & LCM Interface ConnectionInterface Connector: CRT F10401-1092<Table 7. Pin Assignments for the BLU & LCM Connector>Pin No.Symbol DescriptionPin No.Symbol Description1LED1LED cathode connection 6NC No Connection 2LED2LED cathode connection 7NC No Connection 3LED3LED cathode connection 8Vout LED anode connection 4LED4LED cathode connection 9Vout LED anode connection 5LED5LED cathode connection10VoutLED anode connectionOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification186.0 SIGNAL TIMING SPECIFICATION6.1 The NV156FHM-N42 is operated by the DE only.Note ※: This Module can support low frame refresh rate 50Hz & 40Hz.Item Symbols Min Typ Max Unit ClockFrequency1/Tc 100141.4160MHz High Time Tch -4/7-Tc Low TimeTcl-3/7-Tc Frame PeriodTv109011001238lines -60-Hz -16.7-ms Vertical Display Period Tvd -1080-lines One line Scanning Period Th 208021422400clocks Horizontal Display PeriodThd-1920-clocksOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification 19ItemSymbol MinTyp MaxUnit RemarkSpread spectrum clock ssc 0.5%Differential peak-to-peak input voltage at package pins V RX-DIFFp-p 10001320mV Rx input DC common modevoltage V RX_DC_CM -GND -V Differential terminationresistance R RX-DIFF 80-100ΩSingle-ended terminationresistance R RX-SE 40-60ΩRx short circuit current limitI RX_SHORT--20mAIntra-pair skew at Rx package pins(HBR)RX intra-pair skew tolerance atHBRL RX_SKEW_INTRA_PAIR --150ps<Table 8. eDP Rx Interface Timing Specification>6.2 eDP Rx Interface Timing ParameterThe specification of the eDP Rx interface timing parameter is shown in Table 8.OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Product Specification207.0 INPUT SIGNALS, BASIC DISPLAY COLORS & GRAY SCALE OF COLORSOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Product Specification218.0 POWER SEQUENCE To prevent a latch-up or DC operation of the LCD module, the power on/off seq uence shall be as shown in belowNotes:1. When the power supply VDD is 0V, keep the level of input signals onthe low or keep high impedance.2. Do not keep the interface signal high impedance when power is on.Power supply for logic Vdd LED_EN PWMPower supply for BL (VBL )T16Idle oroffLink Traini ngIdleAUX Channel Operational T3T4T 7Video form SourceBlack VideoBlack VideoT2T1T10T11T1290%90%10%10%10%T5T6T9T8T15T14T1390%10%T1790%10%T18eDP DisplayHPD from Sink Sink Aux CHSource Main-Link data ● 0.5ms T1 10 ms ● 0ms T2 200 ms ● 0ms T3 200 ms ● 0ms T13● 0ms T14● 0ms T17● 0ms T7 50ms ● 0ms T10 500 ms ● 0 ms T11 10 ms ● 150ms T12 ● 0ms T15● 0ms T16● 0ms T18OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification229.0 Connector DescriptionPhysical interface is described as for the connector on LCM.These connectors are capable of accommodating the following signals and will be following components. 9.1 TFT LCD ModuleConnector Name /Description For Signal Connector Manufacturer UJU or CompatibleType/ Part NumberIS050-L30B-C10 or Compatible Mating housing/ Part NumberI-PEX 20454-030T or CompatibleOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification2310.0 MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS10.1 Dimensional RequirementsFIGURE 6 shows mechanical outlines for the model NV156FHM-N42. Other parameters are shown in Table 9.Parameter Specification UnitActive Area 344.16 (H) ×193.59(V)Number of pixels 1920 (H) X 1080 (V) (1 pixel = R + G + B dots)Pixel pitch 0.17925 (H) X 0.17925 (V)mm Pixel arrangement RGB Vertical stripeDisplay colors 262K Display mode Normally BlackDimensional outline359.5(H)*223.8(V) (W/PCB)*3.2(Max)mm Weight 380(Max)gram Back LightConnector :CRT F10401-1092 LED, Horizontal-LED Array type10.2 Mounting See FIGURE 6.10.3 Anti-Glare and Polarizer Hardness.The surface of the LCD has an AG coating to minimize reflection and a coating to reduce sc ratching. 10.4 Light LeakageThere shall not be visible light from the back-lighting system around the edges of thescreen as seen from a distance 50cm from the screen with an overhead light level of 350l ux.<Table 9. Dimensional Parameters>OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Product Specification2411.0 RELIABILITY TEST The Reliability test items and its conditions are shown in below.<Table 10. Reliability test>NoTest ItemsConditions1High temperature storage test Ta = 60 ℃, 240 hrs 2Low temperature storage test Ta = -20 ℃, 240 hrs 3High temperature & high humidity operation testTa = 50 ℃, 80%RH, 240 hrs4High temperature operation test Ta = 50 ℃, 240 hrs 5Low temperature operation test Ta = 0 ℃, 240 hrs6Thermal shock Ta = -20 ℃ ↔ 60 ℃ (0.5 hr), 100 cycle 7Vibration test (non-operating) 1.5G, 10~500Hz,Half Sine X,Y,Z / Sweep rate : 1 hour 8Shock test(non-operating)220G, Half Sine Wave 2msec ±X,±Y,±Z Once for each direction 9Electro-static discharge test (non-operating)Air : 150 pF, 330Ω, 15 KV Contact : 150 pF, 330Ω, 8 KV12.0 HANDLING & CAUTIONS(1) Cautions when taking out the modulePick the pouch only, when taking out module from a shipping package. (2) Cautions for handling the moduleAs the electrostatic discharges may break the LCD module, handle the LCD module wit hcare. Peel a protection sheet off from the LCD panel surface as slowly as possible.As the LCD panel and back - light element are made from fragile glass material, impuls eand pressure to the LCD module should be avoided.As the surface of the polarizer is very soft and easily scratched, use a soft dry cloth without chemicals for cleaning.Do not pull the interface connector in or out while the LCD module is operating. Put the module display side down on a flat horizontal plane. Handle connectors and cables with care. (3) Cautions for the operationWhen the module is operating, do not lose CLK, ENAB signals. If any one of these signals is lost, the LCD panel would be damaged.OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification 25 (4) Cautions for the atmosphereDew drop atmosphere should be avoided.Do not store and/or operate the LCD module in a high temperature and/or humidityatmosphere. Storage in an electro-conductive polymer packing pouch and under relatively low temperature atmosphere is recommended.(5) Cautions for the module characteristicsDo not apply fixed pattern data signal to the LCD module at product aging. Applying fixed pattern for a long time may cause image sticking.(6) Other cautionsDo not disassemble and/or re-assemble LCD module. Do not re-adjust variable resistor or switch etc.When returning the module for repair or etc., Please pack the module not to be broken. We recommend to use the original shipping packages.13.0 LABEL(1) MDL labelModule ID Naming Rule:OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification26(2) High voltage caution label(3) Box labelLabel Size: 110 mm (L) 55 mm (W) ContentsModel: NV156FHM-N42Q`ty: Module Q`ty in one box Serial No.: Box Serial No. Date: Packing Date Internal use of ProductOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification2715.0 PACKING INFORMATION15.1 Packing order15.2 Notes● Box Dimension: 580mm×488mm×303mm ●Package Quantity in one Box:38 pcs ● Total Weight: 19.3kg/Boxstep1step2step3-. Put Pad into the inner box-.Put module into the paper spacer and modules bundled by PE Bag-. Put Cover on the top of the padstep4-. 12ea Box/Pallet, 456ea MDL/Pallet内置PadPE BagCoverOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification28Figure 6. TFT-LCD Module Outline Dimension (Front View)16.0 MECHANICAL OUTLINE DIMENSIONOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification29Figure 7. TFT-LCD Module Outline Dimensions (Rear view)OF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification30Address (HEX)FunctionHexDeccrcInput values.Notes00Header000 0 EDID Header01FF 255 255 02FF 255 255 03FF 255 255 04FF 255 255 05FF 255 255 06FF 255 255 07000 0 08ID Manufacturer Name 099 BOEID = BOE 09E5229 0A ID Product Code2F 47 1583 ID = 15830B 06 6 0C 32-bit serial No.000 0D 000 0E 000 0F 000 10Week of manufacture 11 111Year of Manufacture 1824 2014 Manufactured in 201412EDID Structure Ver.01 1 1 EDID Ver 1.013EDID revision #04 4 4 EDID Rev. 0.414Video input definition 95149 - 15Max H image size 2234 34 34 cm (Approx)16Max V image size 1319 19 19 cm (Approx)17Display Gamma 78120 2.2 Gamma curve = 2.218Feature support 0A 10 RGB display, Preferred Timming mode19Red/Green low bits C3195 -Red / Green Low Bits 1A Blue/White low bits 5C 92 -Blue / White Low Bits 1B Red x high bits 96150 603 0.589Red (x) = 10010110 (0.589)1C Red y high bits 5888 352 0.344Red (y) = 01011000 (0.344)1D Green x high bits 5686 344 0.336Green (x) = 01010110 (0.336)1E Green y high bits 8D 141 567 0.554Green (y) = 10001101 (0.554)1F Blue x high bits 2840 161 0.158Blue (x) = 00101000 (0.158)20BLue y high bits 1F 31 125 0.123Blue (y) = 00011111 (0.123)21White x high bits 4F 79 319 0.312 White (x) = 01001111 (0.312)22White y high bits 5484 336 0.329 White (y) = 01010100 (0.329)23Established timing 1000 - 24Established timing 200-17.0 EDID TableTBDOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification31Address (HEX)FunctionHexDeccrcInput values.Notes25Established timing 3000 - 26Standard timing #101 1 Not Used 2701 1 28Standard timing #201 1 Not Used 2901 1 2A Standard timing #301 1 Not Used 2B 01 1 2C Standard timing #401 1 Not Used 2D 01 1 2E Standard timing #501 1 Not Used 2F 01 1 30Standard timing #601 1 Not Used 3101 1 32Standard timing #701 1 Not Used 3301 1 34Standard timing #801 1 Not Used3501 136Detailed timing/monitordescriptor #13C 60 141.40 141.4MHz Main clock 373755 3880128 1920 Hor Active = 192039DE 222 222 Hor Blanking = 2223A 70112 - 4 bits of Hor. Active + 4 bits of Hor. Blanking3B 3856 1080 Ver Active = 7683C 1420 20 Ver Blanking = 203D 4064 - 4 bits of Ver. Active + 4 bits of Ver. Blanking3E 3048 48 Hor Sync Offset = 483F 2032 32 H Sync Pulse Width = 32403654 3 V sync Offset = 3 line 41000 6 V Sync Pulse width : 6 line42F4244 244 Horizontal Image Size = 244 mm (Low 8 bits)43C1193 193 Vertical Image Size = 193 mm (Low 8 bits)44000 - 4 bits of Hor Image Size + 4 bits of Ver Image Size45000 0 Hor Border (pixels)46000 0 Vertical Border (Lines)471A26Refer to right tableTBDOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification32Address (HEX)FunctionHex Dec crc Input values.Notes48Detailed timing/monitor descriptor #2000 0.00 0MHz Main clock49000 4A 000 0 Hor Active = 04B 000 0 Hor Blanking = 04C 000 - 4 bits of Hor. Active + 4 bits of Hor. Blanking4D 000 0 Ver Active = 7684E 000 0 Ver Blanking = 04F 000 - 4 bits of Ver. Active + 4 bits of Ver. Blanking50000 0 Hor Sync Offset = 051000 0 H Sync Pulse Width = 052000 0 V sync Offset = 0 line 53000 0 V Sync Pulse width : 0 line54000 0 Horizontal Image Size = 0 mm (Low 8 bits)55000 0 Vertical Image Size = 0 mm (Low 8 bits)56000 -4 bits of Hor Image Size + 4 bits of Ver Image Size57000 0 Hor Border (pixels)58000 0 Vertical Border (Lines)591A 26 5A Detailed timing/monitor descriptor #3000 ASCII Data Sting Tag5B 000 5C 000 5D FE 254 5E 000 5F 5989 Y D/PN: YHDGT604872 H 614468 D 624771 G 635484 T 640A 10 10001000EDID:X10654E 78 N BOE PN665686 V 673149 1683553 5 693654 6 6A 4670 F 6B4D77MTBDOF 33SPEC. NUMBERSPEC. TITLENV156FHM-N42 Preliminary Produ ct Specification33Address (HEX)FunctionHex Dec crc Input values.Notes6C Detailed timing/monitor descriptor #4000 Product Name Tag (ASCII)6D 000 6E 000 6F 000 70000 71000 000000006-bit Color Depth & no FRC724165 01000001WLED & singal light bar & one light bar731117 00010001Frame rate 40Hz~65Hz7496150 10010110Light Controller:PWM & Max. Luminance 2575000 00000000Front Surface:Anti-Glare& RGB v-stripe76000 00010000with DBC77000 00000000no Motion Blur & no Active Gamma 7800000000000no Wireless Enhancement & no In-Cell Scanner790A 10 00001010 2 Lane edp1.27A 01 1 00000001Built-In Self Test7B 0A 10 7C 2032 7D 2032 7E Extension flag 000 7FChecksumBB187187-TBD。
Juni 2009DEUTSCHE NORMNormenausschuss Mechanische Verbindungselemente (FMV) im DINPreisgruppe 7DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. · Jede Art der Vervielfältigung, auch auszugsweise, nur mit Genehmigung des DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V., Berlin, gestattet.ICS 21.060.10!$W%D"1520233www.din.de DDIN 931-2Sechskantschrauben mit Schaft –Teil 2: Metrisches Gewinde M 68 bis M 160 × 6 –Produktklasse BHexagon head bolts –Part 2: Metric thread M 68 to M 160 x 6 –Product grade BBoulons à tête hexagonale –Partie 2: Filetage métrique M 68 jusqu’ à M 160 x 6 –Classe de produit B©Alleinverkauf der Normen durch Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 BerlinErsatz fürDIN 931-2:1987-09www.beuth.deGesamtumfang 9 SeitenR o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-06InhaltSeiteVorwort ...............................................................................................................................................................3 1 Anwendungsbereich ............................................................................................................................4 2 Normative Verweisungen.....................................................................................................................4 3 Maße.......................................................................................................................................................5 4 Technische Lieferbedingungen...........................................................................................................8 5 Bezeichnung..........................................................................................................................................8 Literaturhinweise.. (9)2R o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-06VorwortDiese Norm wurde vom Arbeitsausschuss NA 067-03-01 AA …Verbindungselemente mit Außengewinde“ im Normenausschuss Mechanische Verbindungselemente (FMV) erarbeitet. Für Schrauben nach dieser Norm gilt Sachmerkmal-Leiste DIN 4000-160-1. ÄnderungenGegenüber DIN 931-2:1987-09 wurden folgende Änderungen vorgenommen: a) Norm redaktionell überarbeitet; b) normative Verweisungen aktualisiert; c) Titel angepasst;d) Gewinde M 42 bis M 64 gestrichen, da diese in DIN EN ISO 4014 festgelegt sind. Frühere AusgabenDIN Kr 551: 1935-11, 1936-11 DIN 600: 1926-10DIN 931: 1967-12, 1970-11DIN 931-1: 1926-01, 1942-04, 1952-12, 1963-03 DIN 931-2: 1926-01, 1942-04, 1982-07, 1987-09 DIN 932-1: 1926-01 DIN 932-2: 1926-013R o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-061 AnwendungsbereichDiese Norm enthält Festlegungen für Sechskantschrauben mit Schaft mit Metrischem Gewinde von M 68 bis M 160 × 6 in der Produktklasse B und ergänzt DIN EN ISO 4014.Werden in besonderen Fällen andere Festlegungen als die in der vorliegenden Norm benötigt, z. B. andere Nennlängen oder die Produktklasse A, sind diese nach den entsprechenden Normen zu wählen bzw. bei Bestellung zu vereinbaren.2 Normative VerweisungenDie folgenden zitierten Dokumente sind für die Anwendung dieses Dokuments erforderlich. Bei datierten Verweisungen gilt nur die in Bezug genommene Ausgabe. Bei undatierten Verweisungen gilt die letzte Ausgabe des in Bezug genommenen Dokuments (einschließlich aller Änderungen).DIN 267-2, Mechanische Verbindungselemente — Technische Lieferbedingungen — Ausführung und Maß-genauigkeitDIN 931 Beiblatt 1, Sechskantschrauben mit Schaft — GewichteDIN 962, Schrauben und Muttern — Bezeichnungsangaben — Formen und Ausführungen DIN EN 20225, Mechanische Verbindungselemente — Schrauben und Muttern, BemaßungDIN EN ISO 898-1, Mechanische Eigenschaften von Verbindungselementen aus Kohlenstoffstahl und legier-tem Stahl — Teil 1: SchraubenDIN EN ISO 3269, Mechanische Verbindungselemente — Annahmeprüfung DIN EN ISO 4014, Sechskantschrauben mit Schaft — Produktklassen A und B DIN EN ISO 4042, Verbindungselemente — Galvanische ÜberzügeDIN EN ISO 4753, Verbindungselemente — Enden von Teilen mit metrischem ISO-AußengewindeDIN EN ISO 4759-1, Toleranzen für Verbindungselemente — Teil 1: Schrauben und Muttern — Produkt-klassen A, B und CDIN EN ISO 10684, Verbindungselemente — FeuerverzinkungDIN ISO 261, Metrisches ISO-Gewinde allgemeiner Anwendung — ÜbersichtDIN ISO 965-1, Metrisches ISO-Gewinde allgemeiner Anwendung — Toleranzen — Teil 1: Prinzipien und GrundlagenDIN ISO 8992, Verbindungselemente — Allgemeine Anforderungen für Schrauben und Muttern4R o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-0653 MaßeSiehe Bild 1 und Tabelle 1. Maßbuchstaben und deren Benennung sind in DIN EN 20225 festgelegt.Maße in MillimeterLegendeaMindesthöhe für den Schlüsselangriff (0,7 k min.) bunvollständiges Gewinde: max. 2 P c Telleransatz nur nach Vereinbarung d Bezugslinie für d w1 Kegelkuppe CH nach DIN EN ISO 4753Bild 1 — Maße von Sechskantschrauben mit SchaftR o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-066Tabelle 1 — Maße von Sechskantschrauben mit SchaftMaße in MillimeterGewinde d (M 68) M 72 × 6 (M 76 × 6) M 80 × 6 M 90 × 6 M 100 × 6 M 110 × 6 M 125 × 6 M 140 × 6 M 160 × 6Pa 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 b148 156 164 172 192 – – – – – b (Hilfsmaß)c 161 169 177 185 205 225 245 275 305 345 min. 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 cd max. 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 d a max.75 79 83 87 97 107 117 132 147 167 max. (Nennmaß)68 72 76 88 90 100 110 125 140 160d s min. 67,26 71,26 75,26 79,26 89,13 99,13109,13 124 139 159 d w min. 92,9 97,7 102,1 106,9 121,1 135,4 144,9 168,6 185,6 214,1 emin.110,51 116,16 121,81 127,46 144,08 161,02 172,32 200,57 220,8 254,7 Nennmaß43 45 48 50 57 63 69 79 88 100min. 42,5 44,5 47,5 49,5 56,4 62,4 68,4 78,4 87,3 99,3 kmax.43,5 45,5 48,5 50,5 57,6 63,6 69,6 79,6 88,7 100,7 k w min. 29,8 31,2 33,2 34,6 40,3 43,7 47,9 54,9 61,1 69,5 r min.2 2 2 2 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 max. (Nennmaß)100 105 110 115 130 145 155 180 200 230smin. 97,8 102,8 107,8 112,8 127,5 142,5 152,5 177,5 195,4 225,4aP = GewindesteigungbFür 125 mm < l ≤ 200 mm: c Für l > 200 mm: d Telleransatz nur nach Vereinbarung. Bezeichnung entsprechend Abschnitt 5.R o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-067Tabelle 1 (fortgesetzt)Gewinde d(M 68)M 72 × 6(M 76 × 6)M 80 × 6M 90 × 6M 100 × 6M 110 × 6M 125 × 6M 140 × 6M 160 × 6lSchaftlänge Nenn-maß min. max .l smin.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.l s min.l g max.200 197,7 3 22 52 14 44 202, 220 217,7 3 29 59 21 51 13 43 5 35 222, 240 237,7 3 49 79 41 71 33 63 25 55 5 35 242, 260 257,4 6 99 61 91 53 83262,69 45 75 25 55 5 35280 277,4 6 119 81 73 282,89 111 103 65 95 45 75 25 55 5 35 300 297,4 6 93 85302,109 139 101 131 123 115 65 95 45 75 25 55320 317,15 135 85 115 65 95 45 75 15 45322,85 129 159 121 151 113 143 105 340 337,15 5 342,85149 179 141 171 133 163 125 155 105 135 85 115 65 95 35 6535360 357,15362,85169 199 161 191 153 183 145 175 125 155 105 135 85 115 55 85 25 55 380 377,15 382,85189 219 181 211 173 203 165 195 145 175 125 155 105 135 75 105 45 75 5 35400 397,15 402,85201 231 193 223 185 215 165 195 145 175 125 155 95 125 65 95 25 55 420 416,85 423,15213 243 205 235 185 215 165 195 145 175 115 145 85 115 45 75 440 436,85 443,15225 255 205 235 185 215 165 195 135 165 105 135 65 95 460 456,85 463,15245 275 225 255 205 235 185 215 155 185 125 155 85 115 480 476,85 483,15 245 275 225 255 205 235 175 205 145 175 105 135 500496,85503,15 265 295 245 275 225 255 195 225 165 195 125 155Die handelsüblichen Größen sind durch Angabe der Schaftlängen gekennzeichnet. Eingeklammerte Größen sind möglichst zu vermeiden.Gewichte sind in DIN 931 Beiblatt 1 angegeben.l g,max. = l Nennmaß – b , l s,min. = l g,max . – 5PR o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-064 Technische LieferbedingungenSiehe Tabelle 2.Tabelle 2 — Technische Lieferbedingungen und BezugsnormenWerkstoffStahl a Allgemeine Anforderungen DIN ISO 8992Toleranz 6 g GewindeNormDIN ISO 261 und DIN ISO 965-1Mechanische Eigenschaften Entsprechend dem jeweiligen Werkstoff bzw. nachVereinbarung bProduktklasse B Grenzabmaße, Form- und LagetoleranzenNormDIN EN ISO 4759-1Oberfläche Wie hergestelltFür die Rauheiten der Oberflächen gilt DIN 267-2.Für galvanischen Oberflächenschutz gilt DIN EN ISO 4042. Für Feuerverzinkung gilt DIN EN ISO 10684. AnnahmeprüfungFür die Annahmeprüfung gilt DIN EN ISO 3269.a Stahlsorte oder andere Werkstoffe nach Vereinbarung.bDie Kennzeichen der Festigkeitsklassen nach DIN EN ISO 898-1 können auch für Größen über M 39 verwendet werden, wenn alle dem jeweiligen Kennzeichen zugeordneten mechanischen Eigenschaften eingehalten sind.5 BezeichnungBezeichnung einer Sechskantschraube mit Gewinde d = M 90, Steigung 6 mm und Nennlänge l = 240 mm aus Stahl:Sechskantschraube DIN 931 — M 90 × 6 × 240 — StWird die Produktklasse A gewünscht, so ist die Produktklasse in der Bezeichnung anzugeben, z. B.:Sechskantschraube DIN 931 — M 90 × 6 × 240 — St — AWird ein Telleransatz unter dem Schraubenkopf gewünscht, so ist das Kurzzeichen Tm in der Bezeichnung anzugeben, z. B.:Sechskantschraube DIN 931 — M 90 × 6 × 240 — Tm — St — AFür die Bezeichnung von Formen und Ausführungen mit zusätzlichen Bestellangaben gilt DIN 962.8R o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;DIN 931-2:2009-069LiteraturhinweiseDIN 4000-160, Sachmerkmal-Leisten — Teil 160: Verbindungselemente mit AußengewindeR o b e r t B o s c h G m b H ;;。
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目录第一章产品介绍 (4)1.1概述 (4)1.2特点 (4)1.3一般特性 (5)第二章安装说明 (6)2.1初始检查 (6)2.2跳线分布图 (6)2.3跳线设置 (7)2.3.1模拟输入量程跳线说明 (7)2.3.2模拟输入单端/差分方式跳线说明 (7)2.3.3模拟输入电压/电流方式跳线说明 (7)2.3.4模拟输出跳线说明 (8)2.3.5模拟输出上电状态跳线说明 (8)2.3.6加载默认网络设置跳线说明 (8)2.3.7写保护跳线说明 (9)2.4设备的安装 (9)2.4.1使用网络接口时硬件安装 (9)2.4.2使用网络接口时软件安装 (9)2.4.3使用USB接口时硬件安装 (10)2.4.4使用USB接口时软件安装 (10)2.4.5设置更改模块参数设置 (20)第三章连接与测试 (23)3.1管脚分布图 (23)3.1.1管脚功能定义说明 (24)3.2模拟输入连接 (25)3.2.1单端模拟输入连接及注意事项 (25)3.2.2差分模拟输入连接及注意事项 (25)3.3模拟输出连接 (26)3.3.1电压模拟输出连接 (26)3.3.2电流模拟输出连接 (27)3.4计数器输入连接 (27)3.5数字量输入连接及注意事项 (28)3.6数字量输出的连接 (29)3.7编码器输入的连接 (30)3.8PWM输出的连接 (30)3.9SD卡的连接 (30)3.10外触发与外时钟的连接 (30)3.11测试 (31)3.8.1模拟输入功能测试 (32)3.8.2模拟输出功能测试 (33)3.8.3计数器功能测试 (34)3.8.4频率输入功能测试 (35)3.8.5数字量输入功能测试 (36)3.8.6数字量输出功能测试 (38)第四章原理说明 (41)4.1数据采集触发方式详解 (41)4.1.1采样时钟 (41)4.1.2采样方式 (41)4.1.3触发信号 (41)4.1.4边沿触发 (41)4.1.5电平触发 (43)4.2指示灯功能详解 (45)4.2.1红灯,电源指示灯 (45)4.2.2绿灯,采集指示灯 (45)4.2.3黄灯,离线采集指示灯 (45)4.3PWM脉冲生成 (45)第五章结构说明 (46)5.1结构图(尺寸图) (46)附录: (48)包装清单 (48)保修政策 (48)更新记录 (48)第一章产品介绍1.1概述EM9636B/BD支持以太网接口和USB接口,它是多功能高精度数据采集设备,带有模拟输入、模拟量输出、数字量输入、数字量输出、计数、测频、离线采集等功能。
Designation:E446–10Standard Reference Radiographs forSteel Castings Up to2in.(50.8mm)in Thickness1This standard is issued under thefixed designation E446;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1These reference radiographs2illustrate various catego-ries,types,and severity levels of discontinuities occurring in steel castings that have section thicknesses up to2in.(50.8 mm)(see Note2).The reference radiographfilms are an adjunct to this standard and must be purchased separately from ASTM International,if needed(see2.2).Categories and severity levels for each discontinuity type represented by these reference radiographs are described in1.2.N OTE1—The basis of application for these reference radiographs requires a prior purchaser supplier agreement of radiographic examination attributes and classification criterion as described in Sections4,6,and7 of this standard.N OTE2—Reference radiographs previously used for this thickness range carried the designation E71,but included a now rarely used gamma source,that is,radium.The current document is also updated by inclusion of several recognized shrinkage or C categories and by elimination of the crack and hot tear categories except for one example of each of these discontinuity types.Reference radiographs for thicker sections may be found in Reference Radiograph standards E186and E280.Reference Radiograph standards E446and E186provide some overlap of severity levels for similar discontinuity categories within the same energy level range(see4.2,5.1,and6.3).1.2These reference radiographs consist of three separate volumes(see Note3)as follows:(I)medium voltage(nominal 250-kV)X rays.(II)1-MV X rays and Iridium-192radiation, and(III)2-MV to4-MV X rays and cobalt-60radiation.Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplier agreement(see1.1), each volume is for comparison only with production radio-graphs produced with radiation energy levels within the thick-ness range covered by this standard.Each volume consists of six categories of graded discontinuities of increasing severity level and four categories of ungraded discontinuities.Refer-ence radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are pro-vided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting disconti-nuity type where severity levels are not needed.Following is a list of discontinuity categories,types and severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of this standard:1.2.1Category A—Gas porosity;severity levels1through 5.1.2.2Category B—Sand and slag inclusions;severity levels 1through5.1.2.3Category C—Shrinkage;4types:1.2.3.1Ca—Severity levels1through5.1.2.3.2Cb—Severity levels1through5.1.2.3.3Cc—Severity levels1through5.1.2.3.4Cd—combinations of linear,feathery and sponge shrinkage—Severity levels1through5.1.2.4Category D—Crack;1illustration.1.2.5Category E—Hot tear;1illustration.1.2.6Category F—Insert;1illustration.1.2.7Category G—Mottling;1illustration.N OTE3—The reference radiographs consist of the following:Volume I:Medium Voltage(nominal250kVp)X-Ray Reference Radiographs—set of34illustrations(nominal5by7in.)in a15by17-in. ring binder.Volume II:1-MV X Rays and Iridium-192Reference Radiographs—Set of34illustrations(nominal5by7in.)in a15by17-in.ring binder.Volume III:2-MV to4-MV X Rays and Cobalt-60Reference Radiographs—Set of34illustrations(nominal5by7in.)in a15by17-in. ring binder.N OTE4—Although Category G–Mottling is listed for all three volumes, the appearance of mottling is dependent on the level of radiation energy. Mottling appears reasonably prominent in V olume I;however,because of the higher radiation energy levels mottling may not be apparent in V olume II nor V olume III.1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.SI values are shown for information only. 1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1These reference radiographs are under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeE07on Nondestructive Testing and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE07.02on Reference Radiological Images.Current edition approved Jan.1,2010.Published February2010.Originallyapproved st previous edition approved in2004as E446–98(2004)´1.DOI:10.1520/E0446-10.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related ReferenceRadiographs SE-446in Section V of that Code.Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States. --``,`,``,,`,``,,,`,``,``,,`,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---2.Referenced Documents 2.1ASTM Standards:3E94Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE186Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2to 412-in.[51to 114-mm])Steel CastingsE242Reference Radiographs for Appearances of Radio-graphic Images as Certain Parameters Are ChangedE280Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412to 12-in.[114to 305-mm])Steel CastingsE1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations 2.2ASTM Adjuncts:4Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2in.(50.8mm)in Thickness:V olume I,Medium V oltage (Nominal 250kVp)X-Rays 5V olume II,1-MV X-Rays and Iridium-1926V olume III,2-MV to 4-MV X-Rays and Cobalt-6073.Terminology3.1Definitions —For definitions of terms relating to radio-graphic examination,see Terminology E1316.3.2Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1production radiograph —a radiograph under review for compliance with this standard.3.2.2discontinuity type —a specific discontinuity character-ized by its cause and appearance.For example:linear shrink-age is a specific discontinuity type.3.2.3discontinuity category —a nomenclature system used for grouping discontinuity types.For example:linear shrinkage is assigned category “Ca”where “C”represents the general shrinkage category and “a”represents the specific linear shrinkage discontinuity type.3.2.4discontinuity severity level —a relative rank in terms of “quantity,size and distribution”of a collection of disconti-nuities where “1”is the least and “5”is the greatest “quantity,size and distribution”present on the reference radiograph.Example:a severity level of “1”is more restrictive (requires a higher level of workmanship fabrication quality)than a sever-ity level of “2”.3.2.5discontinuity class —an assigned workmanship fabri-cation quality rating characterized by a discontinuity type,category and severity level.For example:“Ca 2”is a discon-tinuity class comprised of linear shrinkage with a severity level of “2”.3.2.6classification specification —a set of user defined ac-ceptance criterion that prescribes the radiographic workman-ship discontinuity class requirements for a specified user casting service application (see Sections 6and 7).3.2.7graded illustration —a category of discontinuity that is assigned a severity level.3.2.8ungraded illustration —a category of discontinuity without an assigned severity level.3.2.9prorating —assignment of quantity,size and distribu-tion on a production radiograph in proportion to a similar size area of a reference radiograph.For example:a production radiograph covers an area that is smaller than the unit area of a reference radiograph and the extent of discontinuity on the applicable reference radiograph is reduced proportionately.4.Significance and Use4.1Graded reference radiographs are intended to provide a guide enabling recognition of specific casting discontinuity types and relative severity levels that may be encountered during typical fabrication processes.Reference radiographs containing ungraded discontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of a specific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are not needed.These reference radiographs are intended as a basis from which manufacturers and purchasers may,by mutual agreement,select particular discontinuity classes to serve as standards representing minimum levels of acceptability (see Sections 6and 7).4.2Reference radiographs represented by this standard may be used,as agreed upon in a purchaser supplier agreement,for energy levels,thicknesses or both outside the range of this standard when determined applicable for the casting service application.Severity levels of similar discontinuity categories and energy level range of E186reference radiographs may alternatively be used,as determined appropriate for the casting service application,if so agreed upon in the purchaser supplier agreement (see Note 2and5.1).4.3Procedures for evaluation of production radiographs using applicable reference radiographs of this standard are prescribed in Section 8;however,there may be manufacturing-purchaser issues involving specific casting service applications where it may be appropriate to modify or alter such require-ments.Where such modifications may be appropriate for the casting application,all such changes shall be specifically called-out in the purchaser supplier agreement or contractual document.Section 9addresses purchaser supplier requisites for where weld repairs may be required.5.Method of Preparation5.1The original radiographs used to prepare the adjunct reference radiographs were produced on ASTM Class I or II film systems by the respective use of 250-kV X-ray,Iridium-192and Cobalt-60sources of radiation.The original radio-graphs were made with penetrameter sensitivity as determined by ASTM penetrameters (see Guide E94)of 2-2T.The adjunct reference radiographs are reproductions prepared to an optical density of 2.00to 2.25and have substantially retained the contrast of the original radiographs.In preparing these refer-ence radiographs,the objective was to obtain progressively graduated severity levels for each graded discontinuity cat-egory of this standard.Additionally,some overlap of severity levels may occur for discontinuity categories of this standard and similar discontinuity categories of E186reference radio-graphs within the same energy level range.For example,aggregate gas porosity severity level 5of this standard exceeds aggregate gas porosity severity level 1of Reference Radio-graph E186(see6.3).3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4Available from ASTM Headquarters.5Order RRE044601.6Order RRE044602.7Order RRE044603.--``,`,``,,`,``,,,`,``,``,,`,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---5.2Film Deterioration—Radiographicfilms are subject to wear and tear from handling and use.The extent to which the image deteriorates over time is a function of storage condi-tions,care in handling and amount of use.Reference radio-graphfilms are no exception and may exhibit a loss in image quality over time.The radiographs should therefore be peri-odically examined for signs of wear and tear,including scratches,abrasions,stains,and so forth.Any reference radio-graphs which show signs of excessive wear and tear which could influence the interpretation and use of the radiographs should be replaced.6.Determination of Radiographic Classification6.1For purposes of evaluation of castings,a determination must be made of the radiographic discontinuity classifications to be assigned to individual castings or specific areas of castings.The determination of the applicable radiographic discontinuity classification shall be based on an evaluation of the casting applications,design,and service requirements.In these evaluations,consideration shall be given to such factors as pressure,temperature,section thickness,applicable design safety factor(preferably based on stress analysis),vibration, shock,resistance to corrosion,involvement of penetrating radiations or radiation products,and involvement of dangerous gases or liquids.6.2For each individual casting or specific area of a casting to be radiographed,the discontinuity class must be clearly specified.For example,severity level2might be specified for linear shrinkage,Category Ca,and severity level3for gas porosity,Category A,since the latter are generally much less deleterious to tensile properties(see Section7).6.3When determining discontinuity severity levels for in-dividual castings spanning multiple thickness ranges outside the range of this standard,consideration should be given to the potential for overlaping severity levels as described in4.2and5.1.6.4Production radiographs which are compared to refer-ence radiographs should have an optical density in the area of interest in accordance with Guide E94and a specified mini-mum radiographic sensitivity(quality level)of2%(2-2T). Other radiographic quality levels or optical densities may be designated,but then a corresponding change in severity level for each discontinuity category should be anticipated and hence specified.7.Classification Specifications7.1The applicable radiographic discontinuity classification should be designated by the contracting agency in formal specifications or on drawings and in specific contracts or orders.The specifications,drawings,contracts,or order should also designate the sampling plan for the castings to be radiographed and the extent of radiographic coverage,radio-graphic practice to be followed(Guide E94),image quality desired(Note5)as well as the severity of the acceptable discontinuity for the graded categories.N OTE5—For description of radiographic sensitivity or quality levels,see Guide E94and Reference Radiographs E242.8.Evaluation Procedure8.1Compare the production radiographs of the casting submitted for evaluation with the reference radiographs ex-posed at an equivalent energy range within the thickness range of this standard(unless otherwise specified—see Section4).8.2When the severity level of discontinuities in the produc-tion radiograph being evaluated is equal to or less than the severity level in the specified reference radiograph,that part of the casting represented by the production radiograph shall be acceptable.If the production radiograph shows discontinuities of greater severity than the reference radiograph,that part of the casting shall be rejected.8.3A unit area on the production radiograph shall be evaluated to a unit area of like size on the reference radiograph. Any unit evaluation area that shares a discontinuity with an adjacent unit evaluation area shall meet the minimum unit area acceptability requirements within the combined unit area. When the unit area of interest of a production radiograph is less than the unit area of the applicable reference radiograph,such unit area of the production radiograph shall be prorated to the reference radiographic area.8.4When two or more categories of discontinuity are present in the same production radiograph,the predominating discontinuites,if unacceptable,shall govern without regard to the other categories of discontinuity and the casting rejected.8.5When two or more categories of discontinuity are present to an extent equal to the maximum permissible level as shown in the applicable standards for each category,then that part of the casting shall be judged unacceptable.When two or more categories of discontinuity are present in the same radiograph to an extent less than the maximum permissable level,as shown in the applicable standards for each category, the severity shall be evaluated by the overall aggregate condition.The aggregate condition is defined as the balance of quantity,size and distribution of the collection of discontinui-ties and shall not exceed the aggregate condition of the applicable reference radiograph.8.6Reference radiographs are provided showing a variety of shrinkage discontinuity types.Production radiographs show-ing shrinkage shall be judged by the most representative reference radiograph.8.7This standard does not specify limiting criteria for a single size of discontinuity,maximum number of discontinui-ties per unit area evaluated,specific dimensional spacing and/or alignment criterion between individual discontinuities or any other undefined discontinuitiy patterns.Unless other-wise specified by a purchaser supplier agreement(see Section 4),these discontinuity conditions on production radiographs shall be evaluated as aggregate conditions as defined in8.5.8.8In general,there is no limit as to the extent of acceptable discontinuities in a casting,provided that no unit evaluation area throughout the casting contains discontinuities that exceed the severity of discontinuities in the applicable referenceradiographs. --``,`,``,,`,``,,,`,``,``,,`,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---8.9Reference radiographs in this standard do not illustrate elongated or“worm hole”type of gas discontinuities.When this condition occurs in a production radiograph,it shall be evaluated by comparison with the most representative refer-ence radiograph.8.9.1When the exposing radiation source has been placed perpendicular to the length of the gas hole,evaluate the production radiograph with a shrinkage reference radiograph.8.9.2When the exposing radiation source has been placed diametrically or“into”the diameter of the gas hole,evaluate the production radiograph with a gas reference radiograph.8.10A diffraction mottling pattern can occur onfilms of parts and sections where the grain size is large enough to be an appreciable fraction of the material thickness(Note6).If diffraction mottling is suspected,there are a number of ways to demonstrate its presence.The diffraction mottling pattern shown in these cases is dependent principally upon the crystal geometry and the orientation of the crystals to the incident radiation.Therefore,for a given specimen,any change in this orientation will affect the diffraction pattern dramatically.This can be accomplished by a slight,1to5°tilt of the part,with respect to the radiation beam or simply by shifting the center line of the radiation beam to a slightly different location from thefirst exposure.Indications from any porosity,shrinkage,or other discontinuity will move only slightly,while any mottling patterns present will change dramatically.If it is necessary or desirable to eliminate the mottling,the kV may be raised to reduce the amount of diffraction radiation.However,caution should be used so that the kV is not raised to the point that sensitivity is reduced excessively.If diffraction mottling is demonstrated to be present on a radiograph,this condition shall not be considered as prejudicial in evaluating the radiograph. N OTE6—Mottling is often associated with thin sections of austenitic steels,and copper base alloys such as copper nickel,tin bronzes,and nickel copper.8.11Hot tears and cracks exhibited on production radio-graphs may at times resemble linear type shrinkage.When doubt exists whether such indications are cracks or tears,or are linear shrinkage,all surfaces in the area of interest shall be ground and magnetic particle or liquid penetrant inspected as applicable.The extent and depth of grinding may require engineering judgment.If the indication does not appear on the surface,that indication shall be considered shrinkage.8.12The radiographic density of discontinuities in compari-son with background density is a variable dependent on technical factors.It shall not be used as a criterion for acceptance or rejection in comparison with reference radio-graphs.9.Weld Repair of Castings9.1When radiographic quality castings are repaired by welding,the reference radiographs to be used in the evaluation of the repaired sections must be specifically agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.9.2When casting discontinuities are removed for repairs, only the extent of discontinuity required to meet applicable reference standards need be removed.10.Keywords10.1discontinuity classification criterion;gamma ray;ref-erence radiographs;steel castings;x-rayASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyfive years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website ().Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website(/COPYRIGHT/).--` ` , ` , ` ` , , ` , ` ` , , , ` , ` ` , ` ` , , ` , , ` ` -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---。
机械密封型号表示方法内容来源网络,由“深圳机械展(11万㎡,1100多家展商,超10万观众)”收集整理!更多cnc加工中心、车铣磨钻床、线切割、数控刀具工具、工业机器人、非标自动化、数字化无人工厂、精密测量、3D打印、激光切割、钣金冲压折弯、精密零件加工等展示,就在深圳机械展.机械密封常用型号:HU1型HU1型机械密封符合ISO3096DIN24960和GB6556标准。
辅助密封卷根据工况要求可选用同规格橡胶“O”圈PTFE“V”圈。
单弹簧、非平衡型拨叉传动、补偿能力强,安装时与轴旋向无关。
磨擦副材质与辅助密封材质可根据实际工况选用。
适用范围被密封介质:油水、结晶性强碱、盐、高溶度流体、浆料、有机溶剂及其他弱腐蚀溶液。
密封腔压力:≤1Mpa密封腔温度:-20℃~220℃线速度:≤15m/sHU3型为非平衡型、单端面结构、任意旋向。
各种污水泵、化工泵、热循环泵均适用。
弹簧选择有:蝶形弹簧、多弹簧等。
磨擦副材质与辅助密封材质请根据实际工况选用。
适用范围:被密封介质:油、水、酸、碱、盐等一般腐蚀性介质。
密封腔压力:≤1 .6Mpa密封腔温度:-50℃~220℃线速度:≤20m/sHU5型HU5型机械密封符合DIN24960标准,背靠背安装亦符合DIN24960标准双端面机械密封,属于部分平衡型、橡胶波纹管,单弹簧、单端面结构,动环靠橡胶波纹管的过盈量驱动,浮动性好,弹簧也起传递扭矩作用。
磨擦副材质与辅助密封材质请根据实际工况选用。
适用范围:被密封介质:含颗粒的废水、油、污水。
密封腔压力:≤1.6Mpa密封腔温度:-20℃~140℃线速度:≤10m/sHU7型衡、圆锥形弹簧结构,弹簧的旋向与轴旋向有关。
磨擦副材质与辅助密封材质可根据实际工况选用。
适用范围:被密封介质:污水泵、潜水泵、化工泵、循环泵、清水泵和加热系统。
密封腔压力:≤1Mpa密封腔温度:-20℃~180℃线速度:≤15m/sHUU803型HUU803型机械密封符合DIN24960及GB/T6556-94标准,为非平衡型,多弹簧结构双端面,传动套传动。
El kit contiene:Kit de terminales de 6 puertos, para múltiples cables, para usar en Protector Compacto de Circuito, 400 A, y en portafusibles CUBEFuse de 400 A. Número de catálogo CCP2-MW6-6Cubierta para terminalesTornillos de doble rosca(Hi-Lo)TerminalTornillo de montajeTornillo de placaPlaca antigiroFigura 1ContenidoDescripciónPág...........................1Instrucciones de ensamble (2)El kit contiene: 3 Terminales de 6 puertos 3 Placas antigiro6 Tornillos #6 para placa antigiro 3 Tornillos de montaje 1 Cubierta para terminales2 Tornillos de doble rosca (Hi-Lo) #4 x 1/2"1 Etiqueta de “Advertencia” e información del par de apriete 1 Placa de cubiertaRango de calibre del cable: 1/0-14 AWG (6 cables, máx.), cobre o aluminioEste kit está Listado UL (archivo E64983) para instalación en campo en el lado de carga del Protector Compacto de Circuito (CCP), de 400 A y en portafusibles CUBEFuse de 400 A.Nota: El propósito de estas terminales es distribuir alimentación a más de una carga. Deben instalarse en el lado de carga únicamente.CCP2-MW6-6Manual de instalación PUB107063A3771, Rev. BJulio de 202110 a 14 (6 a 2.5) 3.9 (35)8 (10)4.5 (40)4 a 6 (25 a 16)5.0 (45)1/0 a 2 (50 a 35)5.6 (50)Medio 1-3/8 a 1-1/2Inferior 2 a 2-1/8ADVERTENCIA:LOS CONDUCTORES DIMENSIONADOS PARA CORRIENTES DE CARGA INFERIORES A LA CLASIFICACIÓN DEL FUSIBLE NO ESTARÁN PROTEGIDOS POR EL FUSIBLE.CADA CABLE DE CARGA DEBE ESTAR PROTEGIDO POR UN DISPOSITIVO DE PROTECCIÓN CONTRA SOBRECORRIENTE, INDIVIDUAL, Y CUMPLIR CON LOS REQUISITOS ADICIONALES CORRESPONDIENTES DEL NEC.Instrucciones de ensambleSi el CCP o el portafusible CUBEFuse ya está instalado en el equipo, debe desmontarlo del equipo para instalar este kit. El kit está diseñado para usarse únicamente en el lado de carga. Vea la Figura 1.1. Quite y deseche las terminales para cable existentes en el lado de carga del CCP o del portafusible CUBEFuse, si es necesario.2. Coloque la placa antigiro en la terminal y asegúrela con los tornillos#6. Aplique un par de apriete de 0.6 N•m (5 lb-pulg).NOTA. Utilice únicamente los tornillos de montaje que vienen con el kit. No los sustituya, pues podría no cumplir con la separación eléctrica.3. Ensamble la terminal en la parte superior, como se muestra, y apriétela rmemente con el tornillo de montaje. Aplique un par de apriete de 22.0 N•m (200 lb-pulg).4. Use la placa de la cubierta (con sello de alambre únicamente).En este momento, el CCP o el portafusible CUBEFuse puedeinstalarse en el equipo. Después de instalarlo, coloque la cubierta de terminales con los tornillos de doble rosca (Hi-Lo). Vea la Figura 1.CABLEADO EN CAMPONota. Podría no ser posible instalar cables de mayor calibre en los puertos de terminales adyacentes debido al grosor del aislamiento del cable. Utilice únicamente conexiones quepermitan insertar los cables sin interferencia de aislamiento entre cables en la terminal. Cuando se inserta completamente en la terminal, el aislamiento del cable debe estar a menos de 1/8". Retire el aislamiento de los cables las longitudes que se indican a continuación.i K tC a n t i d a d 1C C P S E R I E B U S S M A N NC C P 2-M W 6-6P a r a i n t e r r u p t o r d e 400 A y p o r t a f u s i b l e C U B E F u s e d e 400 AT E R M I N A L E S P A R A M ÚL T I P L E S C A B L E SP A R A C C P D E 400 A Y P O R T A F U S I B L E C U B E F U S E D E 400 A ,S E R I E B U S S M A N NH e c h o e n E s t a d o s U n i d o sEaton y Bussmann son marcas comerciales de Eaton, registradas en Estado Unidos y otros países. No se permite el uso de las marcas comerciales de Eaton sin el previo consentimiento por escrito de Eaton.Estas instrucciones se publican únicamente con propósitos informativos y no deben considerarse como exhaustivas.Para mayor información, consulte a Ingeniería de Aplicaciones en el teléfono 800-8-387369, lunes a viernes, de 8:00 a.m. a 6:00 p.m., Hora del Centro, o envíe un correo electrónico a ********************La venta del producto que se presenta en este documento estásujeta a los términos y condiciones descritos en las políticas de venta correspondientes de la División Bussmann y otros acuerdoscontractuales entre las partes. Este documento no pretende ampliar ni agrega algún contrato de este tipo. El contrato entre el comprador y la División Bussmann es el único documento que rige los derechos del comprador de este equipo.LA INFORMACIÓN, LAS RECOMENDACIONES Y LASDESCRIPCIONES CONTENIDAS EN EL PRESENTE DOCUMENTO NO CONSTITUYEN GARANTÍA ALGUNA, EXPRESA O IMPLÍCITA, INCLUIDAS LAS GARANTÍAS DE IDONEIDAD PARA UNPROPÓSITO DETERMINADO O DE COMERCIABILIDAD, Y LAS GARANTÍAS QUE SURJAN DURANTE EL TRANSCURSO DE LA NEGOCIACIÓN O DE LOS USOS COMERCIALES.En ningún caso la División Bussmann será responsable ante elcomprador o usuario por contrato, por agravio (incluida la negligencia), por responsabilidad estricta o de otra manera por cualquier daño o pérdida especial, indirecta, incidental o consecuente, incluido pero no limitado a daño o pérdida de uso de equipo, instalaciones, planta o sistema de energía, costo de capital, pérdida de energía, gastos adicionales en el uso de instalaciones de energía existenteso reclamaciones contra el comprador o usuario por parte de susclientes como resultado del uso de la información, recomendaciones y descripción aquí contenidas.0517********Eaton1000 Eaton Boulevard Cleveland. OH 44122United States División Bussmann Poniente 148 núm. 933Industrial VallejoCiudad de México, 02300Eaton.mx/bussmannseries© 2021 EatonTodos los derechos son reservados.Impreso en México.Publicación Núm. PUB10706-spanish 3A3771Julio de 2021。
大通燃气:具垄断性但业绩不稳,2010年净利或降66%,EPS0.11元
四川大通燃气开发股份有限公司(000593),是一家以城市管道燃气和商业零售为主要业务的综合企业,旗下有三家主要子公司,分别是上饶市大通燃气工程有限公司、大连新世纪燃气有限公司和成都华联商厦有限公司。
公司于1996年在深交所上市,总部设在成都市。
2009年,公司实现营业收入3.3亿元,同比增长17.4%,归属母公司净利润0.71亿元,同比增长2289%,每股收益0.32元。
大通燃气历年营业收入、净利润及通过英策财务模型对其2010年业绩进行的预测,如下列二图所示:
(注:英策咨询《中国上市公司数据库》中的数据,来源于上市公司各年年报,本着忠实原始数据的原则,
未因事后合并范围或会计准则变动而对数据进行调整,可能与交易系统中的数据产生一些差异,特此说明。
)数据显示,大通燃气历年来营业收入呈波段性增长,2009年,营业收入比上年同期增加4,884万元,增长17.38%。
其中:城市管道燃气收入增加2,700万元,增长37.42%,零售商品销售收入增加2,142万元,增长11.23%。
同时,2009年公司净利润大幅上涨,比上年同期增加6,836万元,主要系公司转让成都银行、牡丹江大通燃气和四川宝光药业股权实现股权转让收益6,052万元所致。
若剔除股权转让因素,公司实现营业净利润1,175万元,比上年同期增加870万元,增长431%。
毛利方面,数据显示2003年前公司毛利率长期维持在10%—20%之间,低于行业平均水平。
从2004年开始,公司毛利率已接近行业平均水平,并连续5年维持在30%左右,2009年为30.5%,与沪深供水供气行业上市公司平均毛利率的差距仅0.8个百分点。
其历年毛利率变化情况,如下图所示:
营业费用方面,数据显示,公司营业费用率长期明显高于行业平均水平,近年来差距越拉越大,2009年为10.1%,高出行业平均水平7.6个百分点,表明公司市场营销方面投入较大。
其历年营业费用率变化情况,如下图所示:
管理费用控制方面,数据显示公司管理费用率呈波动性变化,近三年维持在10%以下,2009年为9.5%,同期行业平均管理费用率为9.7%。
其历年管理费用率变化情况,如下图所示:
财务成本控制方面,数据显示公司财务费用率与行业平均水平相似,整体呈上升趋势,表明这一行业有息负债较重,然近年来有所下降,2009年为4.76%,低于行业平均水平0.5个百分点。
其历年财务费用率变化情况,如下图所示:
对外投资方面,数据显示公司除主营业务外,也进行一定规模对外投资,在投资规模最高的2004年,其投资净值占所有者权益比重甚至超过70%。
近四年来,该比重明显下降,2009年因转让成都银行、牡丹江大通燃气和四川宝光药业股权,导致该比重降低到20%以下。
对外投资为公司带来可观投资收益,2007和2008年,投资收益占利润总额比例高达200%以上,表明投资收益是公司盈利主要来源,若无投资收益,其主营业务基本处于亏损状态。
2009年,因转让成都银行、牡丹江大通燃气和四川宝光药业股权实现收益6,052万元,表现为投资收益占利润总额比重达81%。
其历年对外投资占所有者权益比重及投资收益占利润总额比重变化情况,如下列二图所示:
主营业务盈利能力方面,较低的毛利率及较高的三项费用率,导致公司销售利润率长期在5%以下,大幅低于行业平均水平。
2009年,由于投资收益大增使该指标大幅上升到23%,仍比行业平均销售利润率低4个百分点,且不可持续。
其历年销售收入利润率变化情况,如下图所示:
资本结构方面,数据显示公司资产负债率一直维持在40%—70%之间,长期大幅低于行业平均水平,2009年为52%,属健康状态,同期行业平均资产负债率为47%。
公司历年资产负债率变化情况,如下图所示:
在主营业务生产效率方面,数据显示,9年来公司存货周转率始终明显高于行业平均水平,2009年为14.4次,同期行业平均水平仅为3次,表明公司生产周期短,产品周转快。
其历年存货周转率变化情况,如下图所示:
从资本回报角度看,由于销售利润率过低,高周转速度被高资产负债率抵消,导致公司净资产收益率长期大幅低于行业平均水平,2008年仅为1.46%。
2009年,由于投资收益大幅增长,导致净资产收益率达25.8%,但无法持续。
其历年净资产收益率变化情况,如下图所示:
流动性方面,数据显示公司流动比率长期处于50%左右的低水平。
2009年,股权转让导致现金增加,流动比率也上升到109%。
其历年流动比率变化情况,如下图所示:
利润分配方面,数据显示公司已连续8年未分红。
据社会科学院发布的《中国能源发展报告》预计,未来十年中国天然气需求将快速增长,平均增速为11%—13%。
2010年,我国天然气需求量将达1000亿方,产量约为800亿方,缺口200亿方以上,至2020年,我国天然气需求量将超过2000亿方。
天然气产业的特点,是“下游带动上游”,下游需求打开后,促使上游开发和经营不断发展。
由于天然气清洁能源的特点,在城市环保和空气质量方面具
极大优势,加上我国城市化进程步伐加快,城市燃气已成为居民生产生活主要燃料。
公司作为燃气龙头企业,具有一定垄断优势。
譬如其子公司上饶市大通燃气工程公司,拥有上饶市城区管道燃气独家特许经营权30年,为公司煤气产业奠定了坚实基础。
2010年上半年,公司营业收入为1.51亿元,同比增长0.2%,实现净利润1152万元,同比增长99.3%;基本每股收益0.052元,同比增长100%。
数据显示,利润的增加一方面得益于上饶大通燃气工程公司确认上年配套费预收款及本期配套费收入增加,使城市管道燃气营业利润同期增加656万元;另因银行贷款较上年同期减少及利息资本化增加等原因使利息费用和贷款手续费减少354万元。
通过英策财务模型的预测,预计大通燃气2010年全年营业收入为3.35亿元,同比增长1.5%,净利润为0.24亿元,同比下降66%。
按公司目前总发行股数2.23亿股计算,预计其2010年每股收益为0.11元(2009年为0.32元),2010年末每股净资产为1.34元(2009年为1.24元)。
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