人教版八年级下册第二单元测试题

人教版八年级英语下册第二单元测试题及答案UNIT 2达标测试卷时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力(共五大题，满分30分)一、关键词语选择。

(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)你将听到五个句子。

请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。

每个句子读两遍。

1. A. ran B. rice C. red2. A. sides B. serious C. signs3. A. trader B. thicker C. trainer4. A. plan B. play C. plant5. A. gave out B. used to C. set up二、短对话理解(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)你将听到十段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。

请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

每段对话读两遍。

6. What did the boy do last Sunday?7. What does Jack often volunteer to do?8. What does the girl want T om to help her repair?9. What did Alan do in the old people's home last Sunday?10. What animal is Lucky?11. When did the car accident happen?A. At 1：58 p. m.B. At 2：00 p. m.C. At 2：02 p. m.12. How did Annie and her friends go to the old people's home yesterday?A. By bus.B. By bike.C. On foot.13. What does Eliza usually do for the old?A. She cleans up the floor.B. She plays the piano.C. She dances.14. Where may Andy and Emma go?A. To the Children's Hospital.B. To the Children's Center.C. To the Animals' Center.15. What will Tom do on Sunday?A. He will visit an old friend.B. He will go to the food bank.C. He will go to a park with his old friend.三、长对话理解(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)你将听到两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题。

八年级语文下册第二单元检测卷总分：140分考试时间：150分钟姓名：班级：得分：一、积累与运用(20分)1、古诗文默写。

(7分)(1)海内存知己，。

(王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》)(2)无为在歧路，。

(王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》)(3) ,端居耻圣明。

(孟浩然《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》)(4)王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》中，点明送别之地和游人将去之地，描写景物为离别创设环境氛围的诗句是：,。

(5)登临岳阳楼，俯瞰洞庭湖，你能领略到洞庭湖的壮阔气势，正如《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》中所说“, ”。

2、根据语境作答。

(7分)春天，一个yùn yù( )新生命的季节，一个生机勃勃的季节，一切都变得那么huóyuè( ): 冰雪早已销声匿迹，小草探出了头，开始A( );蝴蝶扑打着翅膀，翩然起飞；花朵伸着懒腰，准备在温暖的阳光下B( )开放……一切都是那么美好。

(1)根据拼音在括号内填写正确的词语。

(2分)(2)选择恰当的词语填在文中A、B处。

(2分) 萌发萌生次第轮次(3)文中画线句有语病，请修改。

(3分)3、填入下面横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(3分) ( )大力普及科学知识，有利于培养群众的科学精神， ;有利于教育人民掌握科学方法， ;有利于增强全民族的创新意识，;也有利于人民群众形成健康、文明的生活方式。

①提高认识世界、改造世界的能力②形成尊重科学、实事求是的风格③激发群众中蕴藏的巨大智慧和创造力A.①③②B.②①③C.②③①D.①②③4、下列关于文学和文化常识的表述，正确的一项是(3分) ( )A. 阿西莫夫是美国著名科普作家、科幻小说家，代表作品有《基地》《新疆域》。

B. 在中国传统习俗中，农历正月初一称为“元日”,清明前三天称为“寒食”，农历九月初九称为“重阳”。

C. “更”,古代夜间计时单位，一更在戊时，称人丁，又名日夕、日暮、日晚等。

此时太阳已经落山，天将黑未黑。

Unit 2 单元测试题Ⅴ. 单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

( )21. Changing schools made a big difference ______ his life.A. onB. atC. toD. for( )22. Mary’s uncle made ______ possible for her to travel around the world.A. itB. thatC. thisD. one( )23. The girl is ______, so she needs a guide dog to help her.A. sickB. blindC. tiredD. sad( )24. My friend Tom volunteered ______ in the countryside two years ago.A. to workB. workC. workingD. works( )25. —Excuse me, I ______ find my hotel.—You could ask the policeman.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t( )26. She used to ______ a bike to school, but now she is used to ______ to school.A. ride; walkB. riding; walkingC. riding; walkD. ride; walking ( )27. He is very ______, so he can carry the heavy box.A. cleverB. strongC. quietD. excited( )28. —Who is the ______ of the house?—Mr. Black. He bought it last year.A. passengerB. guestC. visitorD. owner( )29. ______ vacations by the sea is Dale’s dream.A. SpendB. SpendingC. SpendsD. Spent( )30. They often help ______ sick children in the children’s hospital.A. cheer upB. clean upC. set upD. make up( )31. My cousin has difficulty ______ English newspapers.A. readB. readsC. readingD. to read( )32. My computer doesn’t work. Could you help ______ it?A. repairB. buyC. raiseD. open( )33. How nice these pictures are! Please _______ on the wall.A. put it upB. put up itC. put up themD. put them up ( )34. I can help my mother do some things like ______ the rooms.A. cleansB. cleaningC. cleanD. to clean( )35. —We shouldn’t read in the sun.—______. It’s bad for our eyes.A. Sorry to hear thatB. That sounds greatC. You’re rightD. I don’t think soⅥ. 完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

人教版八年级下册英语Unit2单元检测试题（含答案）Unit 2 单元过关检测（100分）Ⅰ. 选择填空（10分）（）1. I half an hour reading English in the morning. And it helps me a lot.A. costB. spendC. takeD. pay（）2. ---We get knowledge ______ from books ______ from life.---Yes, both are important.A. either, orB. neither, norC. not, butD. not only, but also（）3. Let’s planting the trees until tomorrow. I think it’s going to rain.A. put onB. put offC. put upD. put down（）4. ---Would you help me ______, Mr. Lin? This question is too hard for me.---OK. Let me try.A. afterB. outC. upD. with（）5. ---Could you do for me, please?---Yes, with pleasure.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything（）6.Your cartoon books are very interesting. Where did you buy ? I want to buy , too.A. one, oneB. them, itC. them, someD. one, ones（）7.---Jim takes ______ his father.---You mean he is similar ______ his father?A. for, asB. to, withC. after, toD. away, from（）8. ---What was Jimmy going to do?---He was going to put some signs old books.A. up, asking forB. on, to ask toC. up, asking toD. down, asking for（）9. ---Let’s help to clean the city park on Sunday.--- !A. It’s dirtyB. Well downC. Thank youD. Good idea（）10. My computer has broken down. I’ll ________ now.A. mix itB. mix up itC. repair it upD. repair itⅡ. 完形填空（10分）Wearing a pair of perfect jeans makes people look cool. Jeans are the most popular kind of11 in the world. They are popular almost 12 , in Japan, France, Indonesia, Canadaand Brazil. Rich people and poor people wear them. Young people and even some old peoplewear them. Why are they popular? Who made the 13 jeans?In 1849, two men found gold in California. Men from the other parts of the United States and other countries hurried there to 14 gold, too. These workers needed some 15clothes. A young man 16 Germany named Levi Strauss arrived in California in 1850.He went there to 17 things to the workers. He saw that the workers needed strongpants, so he began to make pants. He used cloth that people 18 tents from. He putrivets (铆钉) on the 19 to make them strong, because the men put rocks in them. Thesepants were very strong and people could wear them for a long time. The pants became very20 soon.（）11. A. sports B. food C. clothes D. music（）12. A. everywhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere （）13. A. only B. early C. first D. last（）14. A. look at B. look after C. look out D. look for（）15. A. soft B. strong C. dear D. hard（）16. A. from B. to C. in D. past（）17. A. buy B. sell C. give D. show（）18. A. put B. kept C. borrowed D. made（）19. A. pants B. pockets C. tents D. jeans（）20. A. pretty B. old C. popular D. modernⅢ. 阅读理解（30分）（A）In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join “environment club”. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.Here are some things students often do.No – garbage(垃圾) lunches. How much do you throw away （扔）after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school.No – car day. On a no- car day, nobody comes to school in a car- not the students and not the teachers. cars give pollution to our air, so remember: walk, jump, bike, or run! Use your legs! It’s lots of fun!Turn off the water! Did you know that toilets（抽水马桶）can waste twenty to forty tons（吨）of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small river! In the environment clubs, students fix those broken toilets.We love our environment. Let’s work together to mak e it clean.（）21. Environment clubs ask students________A. to run to school every day.B. to take exercise every day.C. not to forget to take carsD. not to throw away lunch bags（）22. From the passage we know the students usually have lunch__________.A. at schoolB. in shopsC. in clubsD. at home（）23. On a no– car day, ______ will take a car to school.A. both students and teachersB. only studentsC. only teachersD. neither(两者都不) students nor teachers（）24. After students fix toilets, they save______A. a small riverB. a clubC. a lot of waterD. a toilet（）25. The writer wrote the passage to ask students to _________A. clean schoolB. make less pollutionC. join clubsD. help teachers（B）Tom was nine years old and he went to a school near his house. He went there on foot and came back home usually at 4 o’clock. But last Monday he was very late. His mother a sked,“Why are you so late t oday, Tom?” “Because my teacher asked me to stay behind ” Tom answered. “Why did the teacher make you stay behind?” the mother asked again. “Because no one could answer the teacher’s question except me,” T om said. “What was the question?” his mother asked.“The question was ‘Who broke the window of the classroom?’” Tom said.（）26. The school was _____________ Tom’s house.A. far fromB. nearC. nine meters toD. behind（）27. Tom went to school _________________.A. on footB. by busC. by bikeD. by car（）28. Last Monday Tom came home __________________.A. earlierB. hungryC. lateD. happy（）29. ---Why did Tom stay behind after school?---Because_________________.A. he did something wrongB. he did something rightC. he liked to stay there longerD. his mother asked the teacher to do so（）30. His mother might be very ___________when she heard about that.A. hungryB. pleasedC. happyD. angry（C）When we talk about intelligence (智力), we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kind of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new situation.If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do. For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably i sn’t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And if he cannot make things work out right, he doesn’t feel ashamed that he failed, he just tries to learn from his mistakes.An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook on life, a special feeling about life, and how he fits into it.If you look at children, you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright” children and “non-bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life – he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream world: he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.（）31. According to this passage, intelligence is the ability to _________.A. do well in schoolB. get some high scores on some testsC. deal with lifeD. have a lot of book knowledge（）32. In a new situation, an intelligent person _________.A. cares more about himselfB. is sure of the result he will getC. knows more about what might happen to himD. keeps his mind on what to do about the situation（）33. If an intelligent person failed, he would _________.A. try to feel ashamedB. learn from his mistakesC. try to find all he could doD. make sure if he got the right result（）34. The underlined word “outlook” in this passage means _________.A. solutionB. partC. talentD. opinion（）35. Bright children and non-bright children _________.A. are two different types of childrenB. are different mainly in their degree of clevernessC. have difference only in their way of thinkingD. have different knowledge about the world around himselfⅣ. 词汇（10分）（A）根据句意和汉语提示完成单词，使句子完整通顺。

一．写出以下形容词的比拟级〔10分〕1.good_______2. bad _______3. little ________4.big _______5. old _______6. hot ________7. many ________8. fat ________9. easy ________ 10. delicious __________二．根据括号里的提示与句意，写出单词〔10分〕1. This classroom is ________(good) than that one.2. Could you get some fruit for _______(I ).3. Can you go _______(fish) with us?4. My brother is __________(athletic) than I.5. In some ways we look the same, in other ways we look _________(difference).6. I’m tall but my sister is __________(short).7. My mother has long hair, and my sister has ________(long) hair.8. This little baby is __________(outgoing) than that one.9. I think English and Chinese are __________〔都〕important.10. Ann is a very _________(安静)girl. She hardly makes noise.三．单项选择题〔15分〕1. I feel _______ better today.A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. more2. Sonia isn’t good at ______ a bike.A. rideB. to rideC. ridingD. rides3. This story is much _____ than that one.A. more funnyB. funnyerC. funnierD. funniest4. This room is ____ than that one.A. very bigB. very biggerC. much biggerD. much big5. Sam is ____ than Sonia.A. calmB. more calmC. calmerD. calmmer6. ---How are you today, Frank?---Much _____, but my doctor says I’ll have to rest for another few days.A. wellB. goodC. betterD. best7. My shoes are cheaper than _______.A. youB. yourC. yoursD. you ones8. ---What’s the use of this kind of fuel?---It can make the train ______ fast.A. to goB. goingC. wentD. go9. ______ it is raingin hard, ____ they are still playing soccer.A. Though, butB. Though, /C. Although, butD. B and C10. My best friend is ________singing.A. well atB. good atC. well inD. good in11. The twins _____ lovely girls.A. are allB. are bothC. both areD. all are12. Which is _______, this blouse or that one?A. niceB. nicestC. nicerD. the nicest13. My sister is _____ me.A. as taller asB. as taller thanC. much taller asD. as tall as14. The girl more badly ill. She looks ______ than yesterday.A. more badB. more worseC. much worseD. much bad15. Can you speak _____ slowly? I can’t catch your words.A. more muchB. a little moreC. very moreD. much四．完形填空〔共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分〕A 14-year-old boy from the USA was described as a hero yesterday after he saved the life of a woman in another country．Dean Bluey from Dallas，Texas，was a school boy who has much 1 in computer．One day，he 2 an email to a friend on the Internet．Suddenly he received a message saying “Help! Pain! Help!〞．"The message was from Finland， 3 kilometers away from America．“I didn't know 4 I should do，〞Dean said to a reporter afterwards．“It was really difficult to tell if the message was real．〞So Dean did nothing at first． 5 the message kept coming．“By then it was easy to see t hat someone was in trouble,〞 Dean explained. He 6 and discoveredthat the sender was a student called Tarja, who was alone in a university library. She was ill. What was 7 , there was no phone around her. Her only way of communicating with the world was by email. Dean got in touch 8 the police immediately. And they realized that the situation was quite serious. They called the police in Finland. Then an ambulance rushed to the library. 9 , she was still alive and was sent to the hospital quickly.“I'm glad she's OK,〞Dean said. “It's hard to believe, but 10 saved her life.〞1．A．interest B．interested C．interesting D．interests 2．A．sent B．sends C．was sending D．is sending 3．A．thousand B．thousand of C．thousands D．thousands of4．A．how B．what C．where D．when 5．A．So B．And C．But D．As 6．A．telephoned B．replied C．found D．talked 7．A．better B．worse C．harder D．easier8．A．with B．on C．to D．at 9．A．Hardly B．Happily C．Luckily D．Carefully 10．A．a boy B．doctors C．the police D．email五．阅读理解〔20分〕AWe pick up your children at school and give them a safe place to play，do homework，and learn after school． Experienced Teachers／Lunch & Snacks／Toys & Books Ages 6 to 12 Our Programs：*Languages *Math *Computer *Music Open 11：00 a. m．to 7：00 p. m．，Mon．to Fri． 26 Market Road，Star City 〔between First Street and Second Street，next to the Flower Market〕 TEL：8765-4321 1．What can't children learn in Little Rabbit?A．Art. B．Music. C．Computer. D．Languages.2．Mrs. Green can send her daughter Lucy to Little Rabbit except _________A．6:00 p.m. on Friday B．7:00 a.m. on WednesdayC．11:00 a.m. on Tuesday D．12:00 a.m. on Monday3．Little Rabbit will be open for ________ in a week.A．4 hours B．8 hours C．20 hours D．40 hours4．Who can have fun and learn in Little Rabbit?A．Mike, a school boy of 13.B．Mary, an eight-year-old girl.C．Cathy, an experienced teacher.D．Linda, a housewife without work.5．Where's Little Rabbit?A．It's on Second Street. B． It's on First Street.C．It's on Market Road. D．It's in the Flower Market.BMr Brown saw a sweater in a shop window. It was very cheap, so he bought it. When he got home, he put it on. It was all right and he was pleased with it.In the afternoon, he went to work in his garden. It soon began to rain and Mr Brown had to run into the house. He ran quickly, but he still got wet. Then his sweater started to shrink(收缩)! It got smaller a nd smaller. Mr Brown tried to take it off, but he couldn’t.In the end, with the help of his wife, he got out of the sweater. Mrs Brown laughed, “You see, you bought a cheap thing, but…〞6. Mr Brown saw a nice _________ in a shop window. And he bought it.A. jacketB. coatC. sweaterD. shirt7. When he _________, he put it on.A. got to the officeB. got homeC. went to workD. went to the shop8. It soon began to_________ while he was working in the garden.A. rainB. snowC. cloudD. shine9. Mr Brown got wet and he tried to _________ the sweater.A. take awayB. take offC. put upD. put on10. From the story, we know Mr Brown bought _________.A. a good sweaterB. an expensive sweaterC. a comfortable sweaterD. a cheap but not good sweater六．完成对话〔10分〕A:Who is your best friend,Richard?B:Peter.A: (1) is he a good friend?B:Because he likes to do the (2) things as I (3). He ’s popular , too, and h e’s good (4) sports.A:How about you?B: Well, I like sports, but Peter’s more (5) than me . We’re (6) outgoing, though.A:What else do you like (7) Peter?B:He’s funnier (8) I (9), and he’s wilder. I’m a little (10).1._______2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________6._______7.__________8.___________9._________ 10. _________七．句型转换〔10分〕1.Mike is thinner than Bill.Bill is ______ ______ Mike.2. Miss Li is popular in our class. Mr Wang is more popular.Mr Wang is ______ ______ _______Miss LI.3. The girl is very serious. The boy is serious, too.The girl is _____ ______ ______ the boy.4. My father is a doctor., my mother is a doctor, too.My _______ are _______ doctors.5. I think a good friend should make me laugh.(改为否认句)I _____ _____ a good friend _____ make me laugh.八．用所给的词的适当形式填空〔10〕1. The boss makes the workers ________(work) ten hours every day.2. His brother is good at _______(tell) a joke.3. Although they are twins, there are some _______(different) between them.4. I like to have friends who ______(be) like me.5. Tom is _________(funny) than any other boy in his class.6. This math problem is as ________(difficult) as that one.7. Only a small number of students ________(come) from the city.8. She often does the same things as her best friend _______(do).9. Most students enjoy ________(play) yo-yo now.10. Which girl is _________(thin), Julia or Tina?参考答案一． 1-5 better, worse, less, bigger, older,6-10 hotter, more, fatter, easier, more delicious二．1-5 better, me, fishing, more athletic, diffferent6-10 shorter, longer, more outgoing, both, quiet三．ACCCC, CCDBB, BCDCB四．ACDBC, BBACD五．ABDBC, CBABD六．1-5 Why, same, do, at, athletic6-10 both, about, than, am, quieter七．1.heavier than 2.more popular than 3. as serious as4.parents, both5.don’t think, should八．1.work 2. telling 3. differences 4. are 5. funnier6. difficult7. come8. does9. playing 10. thinner典型例题例1 请写出以下每组词中不属于同一类的词。

第二单元检测一. 单项选择1.___________exciting news!A. WhatB. What anC. HowD. How an2. Do you know _________there will be a soccer match on CCTV5 tonight?A. thatB. ifC. whereD. when3. She wondered ________I liked best about Mid-Autumn Festival?A. thatB. whetherC. ifD. what4. Chang’e refused _________the magic medicine to Feng Meng.A. to giveB. gaveC. givingD. give5. —It’s dangerous to swim in this river.— Yes, you are right. The government has people not to swim in it.A. trainedB. warnedC. ledD. encouraged6. .I’ve five pounds because I ate too much meat.A.put upB.put offC.put awayD.put on7. — Linda, do Chinese people celebrate Easter Day?— No. This is the first time I’ve celebrated festival.A. the; theB. the; aC. /; theD. /; a8. — What did you do on April Fool’s Day?— I played a trick my friends.A. onB. toC. withD. at9. —Do you know if Jimmy to the party?—I am not sure. But if he , I will give him a big surprise.A. comes; will comeB. will come; will comeC. comes; comesD. will come; comes10 —Why do you call these cakes mooncakes?—Can’t you see? They are in the of the moon.A. sizeB. shapeC. weightD. taste11. —we have! There is dragon dance in the park. —Sounds great. We can’t miss it.A. What good luckB. How good luckC. What a good luckD. How a good luck12. Jenny keeps two pets. One is a dog, _________is a rabbit.A. anotherB. an otherC. the otherD. other13. Chang’e refused _________the magic medicine to Feng Meng.A. to giveB. gaveC. givingD. give14. ---He dressed up ________a ghost last night. How scary!---Take it easy! He just played a trick ________us.A. in, onB. in, inC. as, onD. as, in15. — Can we visit Hong Kong this summer holiday?— I wonder it is the best time to go there.A. ifB. whenC. whatD. how.16 — I am going back to America for Thanksgiving Day.—. And we will miss you.A. Enjoy yourselfB. You’re welcomeC. That’s interestingD. The same to you17.Halloween is a popular festival North America and it’s October 31st.A.in,onB.in,inC.on, onD.on, in18.—are you going to Chiang Mai? —In two weeks.A.How longB.How soonC.How oftenD.When19.Chinese people eat mooncakes Mid-autumn nights.A.inB.onC.ofD.at20. he Chang’e to come back!A.How,hopedB.What,hopedC.How,wishedD.What, wished二、用所给单词适当形式填空。

八年级英语下册Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks单元测试题(45分钟100分)第Ⅰ卷(共50分)Ⅰ. 听力(10分)（略）Ⅰ. 单项选择(10分)( )1. Let's go to see the sick kids and ________.A．cheer them up B．cheer up themC．clean up them D．fix them up( )2. If you do your best, I'm sure you'll ________ do it well.A．can B．couldC．are able to D．be able to( )3. He didn't use to ________ soccer, but now he likes ________ it.A．playing, playing B．play, playingC．playing, to play D．plays, to play( )4. He's always ________ at home, but he doesn't feel________.A．alone, alone B．lonely, lonelyC．alone, lonely D．lonely, alone( )5. We were all ________ to hear the ________ news.A．excited, excited B．exciting, excitingC．excited, exciting D．exciting, excited( )6. Scientists are trying their best to ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up withB. look forward toC. talk aboutD. give up( )7. The students are notices to people over there to ask them to protect our earth.A. printing outB. giving outC. selling outD. putting out( )8. Jack’s teacher asked him the lights after class.A. turning offB. turned offC. to turn offD.turn off( )9. —Excuse me. Could you please tell me my car?—Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.A. where parkB. where to parkC. to park whereD. when to park( )10. —Could you look after parrots for me while we’re away?—.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, I’m notC. With pleasureD. You’re welcomeⅠ. 完形填空(10分)Bill, a thirteen-year-old boy, thought he had grown up to be a man. But his parents told him, “You won’t be a real man until you begin to1helping others. ”One morning, his parents gave him some money to2some milk for them. Outside a shop he saw a homeless old man who looked very3. Bill went to him and asked, “What’s wrong with you? ”The old man answered, “I’m hungry. I haven’t had any food for two days. ”At the thought of his parents’ words, Bill said to the old man, “Let’s go to the4. ”When they got there, Bill asked the waiter to bring out bread and coffee to the old man. The old man finished the meal quickly. After the waiter5the plate and the cup, the old man said, “Sorry for giving you so much6. I’m fine now. I’ll7forget your kindness! You are a very good young man. ”Bill was8when he heard this. Just when he wanted to pay for the meal, the waiter came. Bill and the old man learned9that the food was free10it was the birthday of the boss, and they were the first customers(顾客)that day.( )1. A. think about B. depend on C. give up D. go on( )2. A. lend B. buy C. drink D. borrow( )3. A. afraid B. glad C. sick D. angry( )4. A. bank B. library C. hospital D. restaurant( )5. A. sent out B. got down C. gave back D. took away( )6. A. excuse B. advice C. trouble D. difficulty( )7. A. never B. always C. usually D. sometimes( )8. A. nervous B. pleased C. sorry D. shy( )9. A. in surprise B. as usual C. once again D. at first( )10. A. when B. until C. unless D. becauseⅠ. 阅读理解(20分)A few weeks ago, a friend from an unknown Smile Groups sent me $120 to do good things with. Since then I have used the money in the U. K. and U. S. It has helped families and strangers, and generally raised a lot of smiles. They have warmed my heart, but none so much as the gift I was able to give just an hour ago.I was in a charity shop, looking at the second-hand books. It happened that the bookshelves were next to the toy shelf. I noticed a group of poorly dressed women standing behind me. As they looked through the clothes shelf, a little girl about three years old came over to the toy shelf. Immediately her attention was caught by a toy pram(手推车). She spoke to her mother and her mother asked the shop assistant how much it cost. $3 was the answer.The mum looked down at her child, perhaps thinking what she still had to buy and how much money she would have left. Then she shook her head. The child didn’t behave(表现)as badly as some might. Being told “no” was not new for her but she couldn’t keep the disappointment(失望)from her face.I had a total of $5 in my pocket. I touched the mother on the shoulder, put the money in her hand and said, “Buy her a doll too. ”I didn’t wait to see the end. After all, it was not about being thanked. I walked out of the shop and into the sunshine.The money the friend gave me was to help me find happiness of the world. Was there any better way, I wondered, to get so much happiness for so little money than to buy a little girl a toy pram and a doll to sit in it?( )1. Where did the story take place?A. In a Smile Groups.B. In a toy shop.C. In a charity shop.D. In a book shop.( )2. According to the passage, the writer used the money given by his friend.A. to thank his friend for his helpB. to do some shoppingC. to donate to a charity organizationD. to make a donation in happiness( )3. When her mum refused to buy her the toy, the girl didn’t behave badly.A. because she didn’t want to behave badly in publicB. because she knew her mother didn’t have enough moneyC. because she was afraid her mother would be angryD. because she had got used to being refused( )4. The reason why the writer didn’t wait to see the end was that.A. he had no money thenB. he had already finished his taskC. he was afraid the woman might thank him very muchD. he was in a hurry第Ⅰ卷(共50分)Ⅰ. 词汇运用(20分)(Ⅰ)根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。

人教版八年级英语下册 Unit 2 单元综合测试卷（含答案）Ⅰ.. 单项选择( )1. Being a teacher _______ my dream.A. isB. areC. beD. being( )2. The 32nd Olympic Games have been ______ to 2021 because of the outbreak of COVID-19.A. put awayB. put outC. put offD. put up( )3. —Excuse me. Can I borrow some books?—Sorry. There are ______ books left. We can’t lend you any one.A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little( )4. As a volunteer, I hope ______ away more books to the children’s home.A. gaveB. givingC. to give( )5. Jim, could you help me ______ my homework?A. onB. inC. aboutD. with( )6. The teacher told us ______ too much noise because the other students were having an exam.A. to not makeB. not to makeC. not makeD. not making ( )7. He ______ lots of money to the people in the earthquake area ______.A. handed out; help them outB. gave out; to work them outC. gave away; to help them out( )8. UNICEF, part of the United Nations, ______ in Europe in 1946 after World War Ⅱ.A. set upB. was set upC. took upD. was taken up( )9. —I’m Daisy, not Jessie.—Sorry, I have difficulty ______ people’s names.A. rememberingB. to rememberC. rememberD. remembers ( )10. The question is too difficult for all of us to work ______.A. onB. offC. outD. upⅡ. 完形填空There was a blind girl who hated herself because she was blind In fact, she (11)______ nobody except her boyfriend, for he was always (12)______ to help her.She used to tell her boyfriend? “If I could see the world, I would marry you.”One day, someone donated(捐赠) a pair of (13)______ to her. When the bandages(绷带) came off, she was able to see everything, including her boyfriend, for the (14)______ time. He asked her, “Now that you can see the world, will you marry me?” The girl looked at her boyfriend and was greatly surprised to see that he was (15)______. She had never expected that. She would not like to be with a blind husband for the rest of her life? so she (16)______ to marry him.Her boyfriend left in tears and a few days later wrote a note to her, saying, “My dear, take good care of your eyes. (17)______ they are yours, they were mine.”This is how the human brain often works when our status(地位) changes. Only a very few remember what life was like before. And we often ask for more than we need. Life is a gift. Today, before you complain about the (18)______ of your food, think of someone who has nothing to eat. Before you complain about life, think of someone who went to heaven too early. Before you complain about your old(19)______, think of the people who are living in the streets. And when you are tired and complain about your job, think of those who have no jobs. So (20)______ what you have and don’t forget your past.( )11. A. forgot B. loved C. disliked D. thanked( )12. A. ready B. unhappy C. angry D. sad( )13. A. shoes B. glasses C. trousers D. eyes( )14. A. first B. second C. next D. last( )15. A. ugly B. sick C. short D. blind( )16 A. decided B. agreed C. refused D. wanted( )17. A. Before B. After C. Once D. Since( )18. A. taste B. size C. color D. shape( )19. A. food B. house C. clothes D. bus( )20. A. forget B. spend C. enjoy D. payⅢ. 阅读理解RSPCA Charity ShopTel: 01752 66559980 Grenville Road, Plymouth, DevonSells donated items(捐赠物品) like clothes, books, tapes and shoes to raisemoney for animals.Dame Hannah Rogers Charity ShopTel: 01752 265394104 Embankment Road, Plymouth, Devon Sells books, clothes, CDs andshoes.A place for people with disabilities(残疾) to learn, train and work in a reallyfriendly and exciting environment.YMCA ShopTel: 01752 22275234 Cornwall Street, Plymouth, DevonSells all kinds of donated items like clothes, books, tapes and CDs. Youngpeople can volunteer here.British Red Cross ShopTel: xxxxxxxxxx90 Cornwall Street, Plymouth, DevonSells second-hand clothes, books, bags, toys and small items to raise money for the Red Cross.( )21. The RSPCA Charity Shop raises money for _______.A. animalsB. the Red CrossC. people with disabilitiesD. people without homes( )22. If you want to volunteer in the YMCA Shop, you can call ______. ( )23. Which two shops are on the same road or street?A. The YMCA Shop and the British Red Cross Shop.B. The RSPCA Charity Shop and the British Red Cross Shop.C. The Dame Hannah Rogers Charity Shop and the YMCA Shop.D. The RSPCA Charity Shop and the Dame Hannah Rogers Charity Shop. ( )24. What do we know about the four shops?A. Their owners.B. What they sell.C. Their opening hours.D. What makes them popular.( )25. The material(材料) is probably from a ______.A. magazineB. dictionaryC. diaryD. textbookⅣ. 根据句子意思及汉语提示完成单词。

一、选择题1．如图，在△ABC 中，AB ＝6，AC ＝9，AD ⊥BC 于D ，M 为AD 上任一点，则MC 2－MB 2等于（ ）A ．29B ．32C ．36D ．452．如图，在等腰ABC ∆中，,AB AC =点E 为AC 的中点，且CD CE =．若60,4A EF cm ∠=︒=，则DF 的长为（ ）A ．12cmB ．10cmC ．8cmD ．6cm 3．《九章算术》是我国古代最重要的数学著作之一，它的出现标志着中国古代数学形成了完整的体系．“折竹抵地”问题源自《九章算术》﹔“今有竹高一丈，末折抵地，去本四尺，问折者高几何？”翻译成数学问题是：如图所示，ABC 中，90ACB ∠=︒，10AC AB +=尺，4BC =尺，求AC 的长．则AC 的长为（ ）A ．4.2尺B ．4.3尺C ．4.4尺D ．4.5尺 4．如图，在ABC 中，13,17,AB AC AD BC ==⊥，垂足为D ，M 为AD 上任一点，则22MC MB -等于（ ）A ．93B ．30C ．120D ．无法确定 5．如图1，分别以直角三角形三边为边向外作等边三角形，面积分别为123S S S ､､；如图2，分别以直角三角形三边长为半径向外作半圆，面积分别为456S S S ､､．其中125616,45,11,14S S S S ====，则34S S +=（ ）A ．86B ．64C ．54D ．486．有一圆柱高为12cm ，底面半径为5πcm ，在圆柱下底面点A 处有一只蚂蚁，它想吃到上底面上与点A 相对的点B 处的食物，则沿侧面爬行的最短路程是（ ）A ．12cmB ．13cmC ．10cmD ．16cm 7．如图，在△ABC 中，∠C=90°，∠B=30°，以A 为圆心，任意长为半径画弧，分别交AB 、AC 于点M 、N ，再分别以M 、N 为圆心，大于12MN 的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点P ，连结AP 并延长交BC 于点D ，下列结论：①AD 是BAC ∠的平分线；②∠ADB=120°；③DB=2CD ；④若CD=4，83AB =△DAB 的面积为20．其中正确的结论共有（ ）A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个 8．在Rt △ABC 中，∠ACB ＝90°，AC ＝BC ＝1.点Q 在直线BC 上，且AQ ＝2，则线段BQ 的长为（ ）A ．3B ．5C ．31+或31-D ．51+或51- 9．如图，是一种饮料的包装盒，长、宽、高分别为4cm 、3cm 、12cm ，现有一长为16cm 的吸管插入到盒的底部，则吸管漏在盒外面的部分()h cm 的取值范围为（ ）A ．34h <<B ．34h ≤≤C ．24h ≤≤D ．4h = 10．如图，在△ABC 中，∠C =90°，点D 在边BC 上，AD =BD ，DE 平分∠ADB 交AB 于点E ．若AC =12，BC =16，则AE 的长为（ ）A ．6B ．8C ．10D ．12 11．若实数m 、n 满足340m n --=，且m 、n 恰好是Rt ABC △的两条边长，则第三条边长为（ ）．A ．5B 7C ．57D ．以上都不对 12．下列条件能使ABC （a ，b ，c 为ABC 的三边长）为直角三角形的是（ ）A ．a b c +=B ．::4:5:3a b c =C ．2A B C ∠+∠=∠D ．::5:12:13A B C ∠∠∠= 二、填空题13．如图，ABC 中，AB 5=，BC 6=，BC 边上的中线AD 4=，则ADC ∠=________．14．如图，已知A 、B 是线段MN 上的两点，MN=4，MA=1，MB ＞1．以A 为中心顺时针旋转点M ，以B 为中心逆时针旋转点N ，使M 、N 两点重合成一点C ，构成ABC ．设AB=x ，若ABC 为直角三角形，则x=__．15．如图所示，在ABC 中，90C DE ∠=︒,垂直平分AB ，交BC 于点E ，垂足为点D ，8,15BE B =∠=︒，则EC 的长为________________________．16．已知一个直角三角形的两边长分别是a ，b ，且a ，b 满足340a b -+-=．则斜边长是____________17．如图，在四边形ABCD 中，22AD =，27AB =，10BC =，8CD =，90BAD ∠=︒，那么四边形ABCD 的面积是___________．18．如图，在一棵树的10米高B 处有两只猴子，其中一只爬下树走向离树20米的池塘C ，而另一只爬到树顶D 后直扑池塘C ，结果两只猴子经过的距离相等，这棵树有的高是______________ ．19．如图，∠AOD =90°，OA =OB =BC =CD ，若AC =3，则AD =_______．20．如图AD=4，CD=3，∠ADC=90°，AB=13，BC=12，则图形ABCD的面积=______________．三、解答题21．中国古代数学家们对于勾股定理的发现和证明，在世界数学史上具有独特的贡献和地位，体现了数学研究中的继承和发展，现用4个全等的直角三角形拼成如图所示“弦图”．Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°．AC＝b，BC＝a，AB＝c，请你利用这个图形解决下列问题：（1）试说明：a2+b2＝c2；（2）如果大正方形的面积是13，小正方形的面积是3，求（a+b）2的值．22．《九章算术》中有一道“引葭赴岸”问题：“今有池一丈，葭生其中夹，出水一尺，引葭赴岸，适与岸齐，问水深，葭长各几何？”题意是：有一个池塘，其底面是边长是10尺的正方形，一根芦苇AB生长在它的中央，高出水面部分BC为1尺．如果把该芦苇沿与水池边垂直的方向拉向岸边，那么芦苇的顶部B恰好碰到岸边的B'（如图）．水深和芦苇长各多少尺？23．已知△ACB和△ECD都是等腰直角三角形，∠ACB＝∠ECD＝90°（1）若D为△ACB内部一点，如图，AE＝BD吗？说明理由（2）若D为AB边上一点，AD＝5，BD＝12，求DE的长24．定义：在边长为1的小正方形方格纸中，把顶点落在方格交点上的线段、三角形、四边形分别称为格点线段、格点三角形、格点四边形，请按要求画图：（1）在图1中画出一个面积为1的格点等腰直角三角形ABC；（2）在图2中画出一个面积为13的格点正方形DEFG；H；（3）在图3中画出一条长为5，且不与正方形方格纸的边平行的格点线段1的格点直角三角形JKL．（4）在图4中画出一个周长为321025．如图，△ABC中，AB＝42，∠ABC＝45°，D是BC边上一点，且AD＝AC，若BD﹣DC＝1．求DC的长．26．如图，在锐角△ABC中，AD⊥BC于点D，点E在AD上，DE=DC，BE=AC，点F为BC 的中点，连结EF并延长至点M，使FM=EF，连结CM．（1）求证：△BDE≌△ADC；（2）求证：AC⊥MC；（3）若AC=m，则点A、点M之间的距离为（用含m的代数式表示）．【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【分析】在Rt△ABD及Rt△ADC中可分别表示出BD2及CD2，在Rt△BDM及Rt△CDM中分别将BD2及CD2的表示形式代入表示出BM2和MC2，然后作差即可得出结果．【详解】解：在Rt△ABD和Rt△ADC中，BD2＝AB2−AD2，CD2＝AC2−AD2，在Rt△BDM和Rt△CDM中，BM2＝BD2＋MD2＝AB2−AD2＋MD2，MC2＝CD2＋MD2＝AC2−AD2＋MD2，∴MC2−MB2＝（AC2−AD2＋MD2）−（AB2−AD2＋MD2）＝AC2−AB2＝45．故选：D．【点睛】本题考查了勾股定理的知识，题目有一定的技巧性，比较新颖，解答本题需要认真观察，分别两次运用勾股定理求出MC2和MB2是本题的难点，重点还是在于勾股定理的熟练掌握．2．A解析：A【分析】由已知可得DF⊥AB，∠D=∠AEF=30°,所以根据含30°角的直角三角形性质可以算得DF的值．【详解】解：∵AB=AC,∠A=60°，∴ΔABC 为等边三角形，∴∠ACB=60°,∵CD=CE ，∴∠CED=∠D=12∠ACB=30°， ∴∠AEF=30°， ∴∠AFE=180°-∠A-∠AEF=90°，∵EF=4cm ，∴设AF=x ，则AE=2x ，∴由勾股定理得：22244x x +=，∴∴AF AE == ∴2BF AB AF AE AF =-=-=∵∠D=30°， ∴2BD BF ==， ∴22223DF BD BF BF =-=，∴DF=16412BF ==-=， 故选A ．【点睛】本题考查等边三角形与直角三角形的综合运用，熟练掌握等边三角形与直角三角形的判定与性质、勾股定理的应用是解题关键． 3．A解析：A【分析】设AC=x 尺，则AB=（10-x ）尺，利用勾股定理解答．【详解】设AC=x 尺，则AB=（10-x ）尺， ABC 中，90ACB ∠=︒，222AC BC AB +=，∴2224(10)x x +=-，解得：x=4.2，故选：A ．【点睛】此题考查勾股定理，根据题意正确设未知数，利用勾股定理解答是解题的关键． 4．C解析：C【分析】由,AD BC ⊥结合勾股定理可得：2222,AC AB DC BD -=-2222MC MB DC BD -=-，再把已知线段的长度代入计算即可得到答案．【详解】解：,AD BC ⊥222222,,AB AD BD AC AD DC ∴=+=+22222222,AC AB AD DC AD BD DC BD ∴-=+--=-1713AC AB ==，，22221713304120DC BD ∴-=-=⨯=，,AD BC ⊥222222,,MC MD DC BM BD DM ∴=+=+22222222120.MC MB MD DC DM BD DC BD ∴-=+--=-=故选：.C【点睛】本题考查的是勾股定理的应用，掌握利用勾股定理解决问题是解题的关键．5．C解析：C【分析】分别用AB 、BC 和AC 表示出 S 1、S 2、S 3，然后根据AB 2=AC 2+BC 2即可得出S 1、S 2、S 3的关系．同理，得出S 4、S 5、S 6的关系，即可得到结果．【详解】解：如图1，过点E 作AB 的垂线，垂足为D ，∵△ABE 是等边三角形，∴∠AED=∠BED=30°，设AB=x ，∴AD=BD=12AB=12x ，∴，∴S 2=122x x ⨯⨯=24AB ，同理：S 12AC ，S 32BC ， ∵BC 2=AB 2-AC 2，∴S 3=S 2-S 1，如图2，S 4=21122AB π⎛⎫⨯ ⎪⎝⎭=28AB π， 同理S 5=28AC π，S 6=28BC π，则S 4=S 5+S 6， ∴S 3+S 4=45-16+11+14=54．【点睛】本题考查了勾股定理、等边三角形的性质．勾股定理：如果直角三角形的两条直角边长分别是a ，b ，斜边长为c ，那么a 2+b 2=c 2．6．B解析：B【分析】要想求得最短路程，首先要把A 和B 展开到一个平面内．根据两点之间，线段最短求出蚂蚁爬行的最短路程．【详解】解：展开圆柱的半个侧面是矩形，矩形的长是圆柱的底面周长的一半，即52ππ=5cm ，矩形的宽是圆柱的高12cm ． 根据两点之间线段最短，知最短路程是矩形的对角线AB 的长，即222251213AC BC +=+=cm 故选：B ．【点睛】此题考查最短路径问题，求两个不在同一平面内的两个点之间的最短距离时，一定要展开到一个平面内．根据两点之间，线段最短．确定要求的长，再运用勾股定理进行计算． 7．C解析：C【分析】连接PN 、PM ．根据题意易证明APM APN ≅，即可证明①正确；根据三角形外角的性质即可求出=120ADB ∠︒，故②正确；由30BAD B ∠=∠=︒，可说明AD=BD ，再由AD=2CD ，即可证明BD=2CD ，故③正确；由④所给条件可求出AC 和DB 的长，即可求出=163DAB S ，故④错误． 【详解】如图，连接PN 、PM ．由题意可知AM=AN ，PM=PN ，AP=AP ，903060BAC ∠=︒-︒=︒．∴APM APN ≅，∴1302CAD BAD BAC ∠=∠=∠=︒，即AD 是BAC ∠的平分线，故①正确； ∵=ADB C CAD ∠∠+∠，∴=9030=120ADB ∠︒+︒︒，故②正确；在Rt ACD △中，30CAD ∠=︒，∴AD=2CD ，又∵30BAD B ∠=∠=︒，∴AD=BD ，∴BD=2CD ．故③正确；在Rt ABC 中，30B ∠=︒， ∴3122BC AB ==， ∴=1248BD BC CD -=-=，又在Rt ACD △中，30CAD ∠=︒，∴343AC CD ==，∴11==843=16322DAB S BD AC ⨯⨯，故④错误．故选：C ．【点睛】本题考查三角形全等的判定和性质，三角形外角的性质，等腰三角形的判定和性质，角平分线的判定以及勾股定理．熟练掌握各个知识点是解答本题的关键．8．C解析：C【分析】分Q 在CB 延长线上和Q 在BC 延长线上两种情况分类讨论，求出CQ 长，根据线段的和差关系即可求解．解：如图1，当Q 在CB 延长线上时，在Rt △ACQ 中，2222213CQ AQ AC =-=-=， ∴BQ=CQ-BC=31-；如图2，当Q 在BC 延长线上时，在Rt △ACQ 中，2222213CQ AQ AC =-=-=，∴BQ=CQ+BC=31+；∴BQ 3131．故选：C【点睛】本题考查了勾股定理，根据题意画出图形，分类讨论是解题关键．9．B解析：B【分析】根据题中已知条件，首先要考虑吸管放进杯里垂直于底面时露在杯口外的最长长度；最短时与底面对角线和高正好组成直角三角形，用勾股定理解答，进而求出露在杯口外的最短长度．【详解】①当吸管放进杯里垂直于底面时露在杯口外的长度最长，最长为16−12＝4（cm ）； ②露出部分最短时与底面对角线和高正好组成直角三角形，底面对角线长2234+，高为12cm ，由勾股定理可得：杯里面管长22512+＝13cm ，则露在杯口外的长度最短为16−13＝3（cm ），∴34h ≤≤【点睛】本题考查了矩形中勾股定理的运用，解答此题的关键是要找出露在杯外面吸管最长和最短时，吸管在杯中所处的位置．10．C解析：C【分析】首先根据勾股定理求得斜边AB 的长度，然后结合等腰三角形的性质来求AE 的长度．【详解】解：如图，在△ABC 中，∠C=90°，AC=12，BC=16，由勾股定理知：20AB ===，∵AD=BD ，DE 平分∠ADB 交AB 于点E ． ∴1102AE BE AB ===， 故选：C ．【点睛】本题主要考查了勾股定理和等腰三角形三线合一．在直角三角形中，两条直角边长的平方之和一定等于斜边长的平方． 11．C解析：C【分析】根据绝对值的非负性及算术平方根的非负性求出m=3，n=4，再分两种情况利用勾股定理求出第三边．【详解】∵30m -=，30m -≥≥，∴m-3=0，n-4=0，解得m=3，n=4，当3、4都是直角三角形的直角边长时，第三边长；当3是直角边长，4是斜边长时，第三边长=故选：C ．【点睛】此题考查绝对值的非负性及算术平方根的非负性，勾股定理，根据绝对值的非负性及算术平方根的非负性求出m=3，n=4是解题的关键．注意：没有明确给出的是直角三角形直角边长还是斜边长时，应分情况求解第三边长．12．B解析：B【分析】根据三角形三边关系可分析出A的正误；根据勾股定理逆定理可分析出B的正误；根据三角形内角和定理可分析出C、D的正误；【详解】解：A、a b c+=，不能组成三角形，不是直角三角形；B、222a c b+=，符合勾股定理的逆定理，是直角三角形；C、由∠A+∠B=2∠C，可得∠C=60°，∠A+∠B=120°，不一定是直角三角形；D、由∠A：∠B：∠C=5：12：13，可得最大角131807830C∠=︒⨯=︒，不是直角三角形．故选：B．【点睛】本题考查勾股定理的逆定理的应用．判断三角形是否为直角三角形，已知三角形三边的长，只要利用勾股定理的逆定理加以判断即可．也考查了三角形内角和定理．二、填空题13．【分析】根据中线的性质及勾股定理的逆定理即可求出的度数【详解】∵边上的中线∴∵∴【点睛】本题考查中线的性质勾股定理的逆定理的应用掌握相应的性质定理是解答此题的关键解析：90【分析】根据中线的性质及勾股定理的逆定理即可求出ADC∠的度数．【详解】∵AB5=，BC6=，BC边上的中线4AD=，∴BD3=，∵222345+=，∴ADC ADB90∠∠==．【点睛】本题考查中线的性质勾股定理的逆定理的应用，掌握相应的性质定理是解答此题的关键．14．或【分析】根据三角形的三边关系：两边之和大于第三边即可得到关于x 的不等式组求出x的取值范围再根据勾股定理即可列方程求解【详解】解：∵在△ABC中AC=1AB=xBC=3-x解得1＜x＜2；①∵1＜x解析：43或53【分析】根据三角形的三边关系：两边之和大于第三边，即可得到关于x的不等式组，求出x的取值范围，再根据勾股定理，即可列方程求解．【详解】解：∵在△ABC中，AC=1，AB=x，BC=3-x．1313x x x x +>-⎧∴⎨+->⎩， 解得1＜x ＜2；①∵1＜x ，∴AC 不能为斜边，②若AB 为斜边，则x 2=（3-x ）2+1，解得x=53，满足1＜x ＜2， ③若BC 为斜边，则（3-x ）2=1+x 2，解得x=43 ，满足1＜x ＜2， 故x 的值为：43或53， 故答案为：43或53． 【点睛】本题主要考查了三角形的三边关系以及勾股定理，正确理解分类讨论是解题的关键． 15．【分析】根据三角形内角和定理求出∠BAC 根据线段垂直平分线性质求出求出然后求出∠EAC 根据含30°角的直角三角形的性质求解即可【详解】解：∵在△ABC 中∴∵垂直平分∴∴∴∵∴∴∴在Rt △ECA 中故答解析：【分析】根据三角形内角和定理求出∠BAC ，根据线段垂直平分线性质求出8BE AE ==，求出15EAB B ∠=∠=︒，然后求出∠EAC ，根据含30°角的直角三角形的性质求解即可．【详解】解：∵在△ABC 中，90ACB ∠=︒，15B ∠=︒，∴901575BAC ∠=︒-︒=︒，∵DE 垂直平分AB ，8BE =，∴8BE AE ==，∴15EAB B ∠=∠=︒，∴751560EAC ∠=︒-︒=︒，∵90C ∠=︒，∴30AEC ∠=︒， ∴184221AC AE =⋅=⨯=， ∴在Rt △ECA 中，EC ==故答案为：【点睛】本题考查了三角形的边长问题，掌握三角形内角和定理、线段垂直平分线的性质、含30°角的直角三角形的性质是解题的关键．16．5或4【分析】根据绝对值和算术平方根具有非负性可得ab 的值然后再利用勾股定理分类求出该直角三角形的斜边长即可【详解】∵满足∴a−3＝0b−4＝0解得：a ＝3b ＝4当ab 为直角边该直角三角形的斜边长为解析：5或4．【分析】根据绝对值和算术平方根具有非负性可得a 、b 的值，然后再利用勾股定理，分类求出该直角三角形的斜边长即可．【详解】∵a ，b 40b -=，∴a−3＝0，b−4＝0，解得：a ＝3，b ＝4，当a ，b 为直角边，5=；4也可能为斜边长．综上所述：直角三角形的斜边长为：5或4．故答案为：5或4．【点睛】此题主要考查了勾股定理和绝对值和算术平方根的非负性，关键是掌握绝对值和算术平方根具有非负性，在任何一个直角三角形中，两条直角边长的平方之和一定等于斜边长的平方．17．+24【分析】连结BD 可求出BD=6再根据勾股定理逆定理得出△BDC 是直角三角形两个三角形面积相加即可【详解】解：连结BD ∵∴∵∴BD=6∵BD2=36CD2=64BC2=100BD2+CD2=BC解析：+24【分析】连结BD ，可求出BD=6，再根据勾股定理逆定理，得出△BDC 是直角三角形，两个三角形面积相加即可．【详解】解：连结BD ，∵90BAD ∠=︒， ∴BD =∵AD =，AB =∴BD=6，∵BD 2=36，CD 2=64，BC 2=100，BD 2+CD 2=BC 2，∴∠BDC=90°，S △ABD =122272142⨯⨯=， S △BDC =168242⨯⨯=， 四边形ABCD 的面积是= S △ABD + S △BDC =214+24故答案为：214+24．【点睛】本题考查勾股定理以及逆定理，三角形的面积等知识，解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题，属于中考常考题型．18．15米【分析】根据题意确定已知线段的长再根据勾股定理列方程进行计算【详解】设BD=米则AD=（）米CD=（）米∵∴解得即树的高度是10+5=15米故答案为：15米【点睛】本题主要考查了勾股定理的应用解析：15米【分析】根据题意确定已知线段的长，再根据勾股定理列方程进行计算．【详解】设BD=x 米，则AD=（10x +）米，CD=（30x -）米，∵222CD AD AC -＝，∴()()222301020x x --+＝， 解得5x =．即树的高度是10+5=15米．故答案为：15米．【点睛】本题主要考查了勾股定理的应用，把实际问题转化为数学模型，构造直角三角形，然后利用勾股定理解决．19．【分析】设OA=OB=BC=CD=a 可知AB=AC=AD=由题意知AC=3即可求出AD 的长；【详解】∵OA=OB=BC=CD ∴设OA=OB=BC=CD=a ∵∠AOD=90°∴AC===∴∵AC==3解析：32【分析】设OA=OB=BC=CD=a ，可知2a ，5a ，10a ,由题意知AC=3，即可求出AD 的长；【详解】∵ OA=OB=BC=CD ，∴ 设OA=OB=BC=CD=a ，∵∠AOD=90°，∴ AC=22AO OC + =()222a a + =5a ， ∴2222(3)10AD OD OA a a a =+=+=，∵AC=5a =3，∴ a=35 ∴ AD=3510⨯=32 故答案为：32．【点睛】本意考查了等腰直角三角形的性质，勾股定理，正确掌握等腰直角三角形的性质和勾股定理是解题的关键；20．24【分析】连接AC 在中根据勾股定理求得AC 的长度利用勾股定理逆定理可得为直角三角形根据即可求解【详解】解：连接AC 在中∴∵∴∴为直角三角形∴故答案为：24【点睛】本题考查勾股定理及其逆定理掌握勾股 解析：24【分析】连接AC ，在Rt ACD △中根据勾股定理求得AC 的长度，利用勾股定理逆定理可得ABC 为直角三角形，根据ABCD ABC ACD S SS =-即可求解．【详解】解：连接AC ， ，在Rt ACD △中，90ADC ∠=︒，4=AD ，3CD =，∴225AC AD CD =+=，∵13AB =，12BC =，∴222AC BC AB +=，∴ABC 为直角三角形，90ACB ∠=︒，∴112422ABCD ABC ACD S S S AC BC AD CD =-=⋅-⋅=， 故答案为：24．【点睛】本题考查勾股定理及其逆定理，掌握勾股定理的内容是解题的关键．三、解答题21．（1）证明见解析；（2）23【分析】（1）根据题意，我们可在图中找等量关系，由中间的小正方形的面积等于大正方形的面积减去四个直角三角形的面积，列出等式化简即可得出勾股定理的表达式．（2）根据完全平方公式的变形解答即可．【详解】解：（1）∵大正方形面积为c 2，直角三角形面积为12ab ，小正方形面积为（b ﹣a ）2， ∴c 2＝4×12ab +（a ﹣b ）2＝2ab +a 2﹣2ab +b 2即c 2＝a 2+b 2； （2）由图可知：（b ﹣a ）2＝3，4×12ab ＝13﹣3＝10， ∴2ab ＝10，∴（a +b ）2＝（b ﹣a ）2+4ab ＝3+2×10＝23．【点睛】本题考查了对勾股定理的证明和以及非负数的性质，掌握三角形和正方形面积计算公式是解决问题的关键．22．水深12尺，芦苇长13尺【分析】依题意画出图形，设芦苇长AB =AB '=x 尺，则水深AC =（x -1）尺，因为B 'E =10尺，所以B 'C =5尺，利用勾股定理求出x 的值即可得到答案．【详解】解：依题意画出图形，如下图，设芦苇长AB =AB '=x 尺，则水深AC =（x -1）尺，因为B 'E =10尺，所以B 'C =5尺，在Rt△ACB'中，52+（x-1）2=x2，解得：x=13，即水深12尺，芦苇长13尺．【点睛】此题考查勾股定理的实际应用，正确理解题意，构建直角三角形利用勾股定理解决问题是解题的关键．23．（1）AE＝BD，见解析；（2）13【分析】（1）由“SAS”可证△ACE≌△BCD，可得AE=BD；（2）由全等三角形的性质可得BD=AE=12，∠CAE=∠CBD=45°，由勾股定理可求DE的长．【详解】（1）证明：∵△ACB和△ECD都是等腰直角三角形，∴CD＝CE，AC＝BC，∠ECD＝∠ACB＝90°，∴∠ACE＝∠BCD在△ACE和△BCD中∵EC＝CD，∠ACE＝∠BCD，AC＝BC，∴△ACE≌△BCD（SAS）∴AE＝BD；（2）如图，由（1）可知：△ACE≌△BCD，∴BD＝AE＝12，∠CAE＝∠CBD＝45°，∴∠EAD＝90°，在Rt△ADE中，AE2＋AD2＝ED2，即52＋122＝ED2∴DE＝13；【点睛】本题考查了全等三角形的判定和性质，等腰直角三角形的性质，勾股定理，证明△ACE≌△BCD是本题的关键．24．（1）见详解；（2）见详解；（3）见详解；（4）见详解【分析】（1）根据等腰直角三角形的定义以及面积公式，即可求解；（213（3）根据勾股定理画出长为5的线段，即可；（4）根据勾股定理画出长为2，22，10的三角形，即可．【详解】（1）∵2121ABC S=⨯÷=，∴ABC 即为所求；（2）∵EF=FG=GD=DE=222313+=，∴正方形DEFG 的面积为13；（3）HI=22345+=；（4）∵KL=22112+=，JL=222222+=，JK=221310+=，且222(2)(22)(10)+=∴JKL 是直角三角形，且周长为3210+．【点睛】本题主要考查网格中的勾股定理，熟练掌握勾股定理是解题的关键．25．DC ＝2．【分析】过点A 作AE ⊥BC 于点E ，则∠AEB=90°，DE=CE ，结合∠ABC=45°可得出∠BAE=45°，进而可得出AE=BE ，在Rt △ABE 中，利用勾股定理可求出BE 的长，即BD+12DC=4，结合BD-DC=1可求出DC 的长．【详解】解：过点A 作AE ⊥BC 于点E ，如图所示．∵AD ＝AC ，AE ⊥BC ，∴∠AEB ＝90°，DE ＝CE ．∵∠ABC ＝45°，∴∠BAE ＝45°，∴AE ＝BE ．在Rt △ABE 中，AB ＝∴AE 2+BE 2＝AB 2，即BE 2+BE 2＝（）2，∴BE ＝4，∴BD +12DC ＝4． 又∵BD ﹣DC ＝1， ∴DC +1+12DC ＝4， ∴DC ＝2．【点睛】本题考查了勾股定理、等腰三角形的性质以及三角形内角和定理，在Rt △ABE 中，利用勾股定理求出BE 的长是解题的关键．26．（1）证明见解析；（2）证明见解析；（3．【分析】（1）先根据垂直的定义可得BDE 和ADC 都是直角三角形，再利用HL 定理证明三角形全等即可；（2）先根据（1）中的全等三角形可得DBE DAC ∠=∠，再根据三角形全等的判定定理与性质可得DBE FCM ∠=∠，从而可得DAC FCM ∠=∠，然后根据角的和差、等量代换即可得证；（3）先根据（2）中的全等三角形可得BE CM =，从而可得CM AC m ==，再在Rt ACM △中，利用勾股定理即可得．【详解】（1）AD BC ⊥，90BDE ADC ∠∴∠==︒，∴BDE 和ADC 都是直角三角形，在BDE 和ADC 中，DE DC BE AC =⎧⎨=⎩， ()BDE ADC HL ∴≅；（2）BDE ADC ≅，DBE DAC ∠=∠∴，点F 为BC 的中点，BF CF ∴=，由对顶角相等得：BFE CFM ∠=∠， 在BEF 和CMF 中，BF CF BFE CFM EF MF =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩，()BEF CMF SAS ∴≅，FBE FCM ∴∠=∠，即DBE FCM ∠=∠，DAC FCM ∠=∠∴， 又在Rt ACD △中，90DAC ACD ∠+∠=︒，90FCM ACD ∴∠+∠=︒，即90ACM ∠=︒，AC MC ∴⊥；（3）如图，连接AM ，BEF CMF ≅，BE CM ∴=，,BE AC AC m ==，CM AC m ∴==，AC MC ⊥，ACM ∴是直角三角形，222AM AC CM m ∴+，即点A 、点M 2m ．【点睛】本题考查了直角三角形全等的判定定理与性质、直角三角形的性质、勾股定理等知识点，熟练掌握三角形全等的判定方法是解题关键．。

⼈教版⼋年级下册英语unit2单元测试题 勤奋做⼋年级英语单元测试的含义是今天的热⾎，⽽不是明天的决⼼，后天的保证。

这是店铺整理的⼈教版⼋年级下册英语unit2单元测试题，希望你能从中得到感悟! ⼈教版⼋年级下册英语unit2单元测试题⽬ ⼀、单元知识梳理 Words and expressions： clean up, cheer, cheer up, give out, volunteer, come up with, put off, sign, notice，hand out，call up, used to, lonely ,care for, several, strong, feeling, satisfaction, joy, owner, try out, journey, raise, alone, repair, fix, fix up, give away, take after, broken, wheel, letter, Miss, set up, disabled, make a difference, blind, deaf, imagine, difficulty, open, door, carry, train, excited, training, kindness, clever, understand, change, interest, sir, madam Sentences: I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school. Mario loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor. I want to learn more about how to care for animals. Mario and Marry give up several hours each week to help others. I’d like to thank you for sending money to “Animal Helpers “. You helped make it possible for me to have “Lucky “. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. ⼆、单元反思评价 1.我的收获： 2.学习本单元后，我能⽤英语进⾏ 3.我的易错点： 三、单元巩固拓展 (⼀)单项选择 ( )1. I _______ some clothes to charity because they are too small for me.A. take afterB. hang outC. give awayD. put off ( )2. Now, I can spend time _____ what I love to do.A. to doB. doingC. doD. did ( )3. His wants to be a pilot. I think his dream will _____ in the future.A. come inB. come outC. come overD. come true ( )4. We visited the sick kids and tried our best to ________.A. cheer him upB. cheer up himC. cheer them upD. cheer up them ( )5. This is ____ difficult problem that few students can work it out.A. soB. so aC. suchD. such a ( )6. The old man lives _______, but he doesn’t feel _______.A. alone; aloneB. lonely; lonelyC. alone; lonelyD. lonely; alone ( )7. The bag is so heavy that I can’t _______ it.A. takeB. bringC. carryD. pass ( )8.—Do we have to have the meeting right away? —Yes, we can’t __________.A. put off itB. put it offC. put off themD. put them off (⼆)完形填空 I can't remember clearly when I started collecting litter (收集垃圾). When I got tired of seeing litter here and there and realized(意识到) that no one else was going to 1 , I decided to do this . I lived close to a forest . I could walk there only in three 2 !I used 3 going there to play with my dog. But one day, I found there was 4 litter there that I became very unhappy. So I made decisions 5 up the forest.I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black bag with me. After ten minutes' work, my bag was 6 !There were cans(易拉罐), bottles(瓶⼦), old newspapers and fruit peels(⽔果⽪)in it. From then on, I went to the forest four times a month to pick up litter. I often stayed there for three hours. It made me feel great to do something for the environment. I can’t understand why people like dropping litter here and there . But I will keep picking it up until they 7 dropping it. I know I am only doing a little bit to save the earth, but still I think it is important. I hope everyone can play a part in 8 the earth. ( )1. A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick them up D. pick up them ( )2. A. hours B. weeks C. days D. minutes ( )3. A. love B. loving C. to love D. loves ( )4. A. so many B. too much C. so much D. much too ( )5. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans ( )6. A. broken B. old C. empty D. full ( )7. A. stop B. begin C. remember D. forget ( )8. A. save B. saves C. to save D. saving (三)阅读理解 A Children always did not do what their parents wanted them to do. They did the things in their own ways. But they always made their parents very happy. Old Mr. Brown had a little son named Tom. He was ten years old. He was very glad when his father wanted him to buy something for him. One day at five o’clock in the afternoon, Mr. Brown gave him two dollars and let him buy some stamps(邮票) in the post office. Tom was very excited, because for a long time he did not have so much money. Mr. Brown told him clearly where the post office was. He expected that he would come back in twenty minutes. But nearly two hours passed, Tom did not come back. Mr. Brown was surprised. “He lost his way?” he thought to himself. At seven in the evening, Tom came back with a box. He was very tired. When he saw his father, he said happily, “Daddy, I used all of your money to buy a box of chocolate. It was very sweet(甜的), but didn’t you think a box of chocolate was quite heavy for a little boy?” ( )1.Tom ______with the two dollars.A. bought some stampsB. bought what he likedC. had a good mealD. bought a ticket to a film ( )2.Why was Tom glad when his father gave him two dollars? ________ A. Because his father wanted him to buy some stamps. B. Because his father wanted him to buy a box of chocolate with the money. C. Because he didn’t have so much money for a long time. D. Because the money would not his. ( )3. It took Tom ______ to buy the “stamps”.A. two hoursB. three hoursC. six hoursD. over seven hours ( )4.______, so he came back home so late. A. Tom lost his money and he was afraid to come back early B. The post office was very far from his home C. The post office did not have stamps D. He enjoyed his chocolate on the way home ( )5.Which of the following is TRUE? A. The post office was very far from Mr. Brown’s house. B. Tom spent all the money. C. Tom often went to the post office to buy stamps. D. Tom’s father was very angry when Tom got home. B In Australia, primary school students have much free time. Every day, they begin their lessons at about 9:00 in the morning and finish them at 3:00 in the afternoon. And Australian pupils have less homework than Chinese students. Usually they only get their homework on a piece of paper from the teacher once a week. Having finished their homework at home, some children watch TV, some play games and some children practice playing some instruments(乐器) for a while. But they don’t need to practice for a long time. What’s more, some children go to ride a bike in the street near the house after their homework. If they have other hobbies, they may spend some time on them. Sometimes children help set the table or doing other housework; sometimes they just feed and play with their pets. For example, they talk to the pet dog or the pet cat. And some children take their pet birds out of the cage and play with them. If an Australian child loves reading, he can spend some time reading what he likes. When weekends come, what do Australian children do? They are not busy doing their homework. What they do is helping clean the house, renting(租) a video to watch, or going out for a picnic with their friends or families. Australian children usually have four holidays each year. The first one, also the longest one is the summer vacation, which lasts about 6 weeks from December to January. They have the second holiday from April to May for about two weeks. Australian winter vacation lasts from late June to early July for about two weeks. And they can have a fourth holiday in September, which lasts two weeks, too. During the four holidays, parents prepare something funny for their children to do. 6.How many hours are Australian primary school students at school every day ? ________________________________________________________________ 7. What do Australian children do when weekends come? _________________________________________________________________ ually how often do they only get their homework on a piece of paper from the teacher? __________________________________________________________________ 9.请将⽂中画线句⼦翻译成汉语。