动词三单形式ing形式过去式变化规则

动词变单三的规则：1. 一般的动词在词尾加——-s. work—works, read—---reads2。

以s，x,ch，sh，及辅音字母+o结尾的单词在词尾加---es。

Watch——-watches，do—---does.3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加—-—es. fly-——flies。

4。

以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接在词尾加—s。

play-—-plays5。

不规则变化。

如：have—--has动词变现在分词(ing）的规则：1。

一般情况在词尾加--—ing。

如：work—--working.2. 以不发音字母e结尾的,去e再加—ing。

如：take—--taking,make———making。

3. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing。

如:swim —--swimming, run --—running.4. 以字母ie结尾的动词，将ie变为y再加ing。

如：die---dying。

动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull—pulled, cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste—tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加—ed,如:stop—stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加—ed,如:study-studiedAB型can could shall should will would may mightAAA型cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let letmust must must put put put set set set shut shut shut read read readAAB型beat beat beatenABA型become became become come came come run ran runABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thoughtcatch caught caught teach taught taught build built builtlend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spentdig dug dug hang hung hung feel felt feltkeep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept sweptleave left left smell smelt smelt spill spilt spiltlay laid laid pay paid paid say said saidsell sold sold tell told told sit sat satspit spat spat stand stood stood understand understood understood learn learnt learnt mean meant meant spoil spoilt spoiltshine shone shone win won won have had hadmake made madehear heard heardfind found foundhold held heldABC型begin began begundrink drank drunkring rang rungsing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumblow blew blownfly flew flowngrow grew grownknow knew knownthrow threw throwndraw drew drawnshow showed shown break broke broken choose chose chosen forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen speak spoke spoken wake woke wokendrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallengive gave givenhide hid hiddenride rode riddenrise rose risentake took takenmistake mistook mistaken write wrote writtenam/is was beenare were beendo did donego went gonelie lay lainsee saw seenwear wore worn易错型show showed showndraw drew drawnfall fell fallenfeel felt felthold held heldhelp helped helpedthink thought thoughtthank thanked thankedtake took takentalk talked talkedget got gotforget forgot forgottenmeet met metmean meant meanthit hit hithide hid hiddenring rang rungbring brought broughteat ate eatenbeat beat beatenlie lay lainlay laid laidfind found foundfound founded foundedbuy bought boughtbring brought broughtlearn learnt learnthear heard heard5．过去式和过去分词有两种形式（以下全是ABB）burn burned burnedburnt burntlearn learned learnedlearnt learntsmell smelled smelledsmelt smeltspell spelled spelledspelt speltshine shined shinedshone shoneleap leaped leapedleapt leapt。

新标准英语六年级下册专题复习——动词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式变化规则及发音规则(后附：清浊辅音、开闭音节、可数名词复数变化规则)动词的第三人称单数及发音规则：1. 一般直接在词尾加-s，-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, ds读/dz/, ts读/ts如help helps/s/ know knows/z/ get gets/s/ read reads/z/2. 以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es，-es 读/iz/如guess guesses fix fixes teach teaches wash washes 注意：go goes/z/ do does /z/3. 辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读/iz/如carry carries fly flies注意：在play---plays，say----says中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s4. be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is,（are是you你的单数）, have则为has注意：以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后，字母”e”发音，与所加-s一起读作/iz/,如close closes/iz/动词的现在分词（动词的ing形式）变化规则：1. 一般情况直接加ing，如look—looking go---going visit---visiting2. 以不发音的e结尾的，去e再加ing，如come---coming make---making write---writing3. 以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母，再加ing如run---running stop---stopping get---getting swim---swimming begin---beginning4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，直接加ing，如study---studying carry---carryingfly---flying cry---crying5. 以ie结尾的重度开音节动词，先变ie为y，再加ing，如die---dying tie---tyinglie---lying 动词的过去式变化规则：1. 规则变化（1）一般直接在动词后加ed，-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/如call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/ （2）以不发音的“e”结尾的，直接加-d ，如live---lived move---moved hope---hoped （3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed，如study---studied cry---criedtry---tried 注意：如果是元音字母加y结尾的，还是直接加-ed，如，play---played，enjoy---enjoyed（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed 如plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped2. 不规则变化（要特殊记忆）。

xx形式现在分词过去式主语是第三人称单数形式时，动词的变化1.一般在词尾加-s get、make、cook、need2.以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词，在词尾加-es go、do、miss、pass、teach、watch、catch、match、touch、wash、fish、finish、smash、box、relax、mix、fax3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i再加es fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody体现具体表达、justify证明、empty、4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接加s play、stay、buy、pray、pay、say、lay下蛋5.不规则变化have-has、动词的ing形式构成法1.一般在词尾加-ing do、meet、watch、wash、read2.以（不发音的）e结尾的词，去e加-ing close、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ing 1、一个m、两个d、两个g（swim / nod , rid / dig, beg）2、三个n，四个p、11个t（run，win，begin）（dip，drop，mop，stop）（sit，hit，fit，set，get，let，put，cut，regret，forget，pat）4.以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y再加-ing lie-lying、die-dying动词的过去式的构成法1.一般在词尾加-ed watch、wash、open、play2.以（不发音的）e结尾的词，在词后直接加-d close、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i再加ed fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody、justify、empty、4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ed shop、stop、plan、trip、beg、hop、skip、drag、drop、dot、drip、fret、5.不规则变化规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。

动词三单的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：
1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g.
work-----worked; ask------asked;
2）以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g.
arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.
3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped;
4)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g.
carry----carried; study------studied.
有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g.
fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要像生单词一样记住.
现在分词的构成：
例词
现在分词构成规则
原形现在分词
work working
一般动词+ ing。

一、名词变复数规那么：1．一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s〞，如map→maps，bag→bags，book-books等；2．以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词加“es〞，如bus→buses，watch→watches, box-boxes等；3．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f，fe 加ves的名词有：half→halves knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a〕加s的名词有：photo→photos ，piano→pianos，radio→radios，zoo→zoosb〕加es的名词有：potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes5．以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等；以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays，storey→storeys〔楼层〕；6. oo变ee的单词：foot-feet, goose-geese,tooth-teeth；7. a变e的单词：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen;8. 复数与原形一致的单词：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese;9.最特殊的一个：German-Germans.二、第三人称单数时动词变化规那么：1、一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时的动词变化①在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用“s〞型〔即第三人称单数形式〕。

②所谓动词“s〞型的构成，可按名词变复数的规那么来记，即：1. 在动词尾直接加s。

单三形式现在分词过去式规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。

如：asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。

如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。

如：wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。

大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法：1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。

如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat，cost—cost，hit—hit2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。

如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent （read—read）3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。

如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。

如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew，throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。

如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt，sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e：feed—fed，meet—met7. 闭音节词，改i为a。

如：sit—sat, swim—swam, ring—rang, drink—drank，sing—sang，begin—began，8. 开音节词，改i为o。

如：drive—drove, ride—rode, write—wrote,9.buy—bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taughty—laid, say—said, pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后，“说”，“付钱”11.is/am—was, are—were, have/has—had, do—did, go—went, run—ran, see—saw, fly—flew, get—got, win—won, eat—ate, come—came, make—made, tell—told, take—took, fall—fell, speak—spoke, wear—wore, stand—stood, become—became, forget—forgot, hear—heard,can—could, will—would, shall—should, find—found。

一、谓语动词第三人称单数变化规则类别构成方法例词一般情况加-s help-helps like-like s 以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加-esguess-guess e sfix-fix esteach-teach esfinish-finish es以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-esstudy-stud iesfly-fl ies※特殊：do-does have-has go-goes二、动词过去式规则变化类别构成方法例词一般情况直接加-ed look-look ed play-played 以字母e结尾的动词加-d live-live d hope-hope d 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstop-stop pedplan-planned以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-edstudy-stud iedcarry-carried三、动词-ing形式的构成（现在分词的构成）类别构成方法例词一般情况直接加-ing go-going ask-ask ing 以不发音字母e结尾的动词去掉e，再加-ingmake-mak ingtake-tak ingwrite-writ ing以重读闭音节结尾的动词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ingget-gettingcut-cuttingrun-running以字母ie结尾的动词变ie为y, 再加ingdie-dyinglie-l ying名词变复数规则变化类别构成方法例词一般情况直接加-smap-map s bag-bag sbed-bed s cat-cat s 以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词加-esclass-class es box-boxeswatch-watchesdish-dishes以字母o结尾的词有生命的加-es，无生命的加-s potato-potato estomato-tomatoesphoto-photos zoo-zoo s以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i，再加-es family-famil ies的词strawberry-strawberr ies以f 或fe 结尾的词变f 或fe 为v ，再加-es形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成（1）规则变化构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er 或-est tall high taller higher tallest highest 以字母e 结尾的词，在词尾加-r 或-stlate cute later cuter latest cutest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er 或-estbig fat thin bigger fatter thinner biggest fattest thinnest 以辅音字母加-y 结尾的双音节词，改y 为i 再加-er 或-esteasy friendly early eas ier friendl ier earliereas iest friendl iest earliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more 或mostbeautiful interesting outgoing seriousmore beautiful more interesting more outgoing more seriousmost beautiful most interesting most outgoing most serious（2）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least farfarther farthest furtherfurthest。

动词时态三种变化总结一般现在时动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则:a) 直接在动词词尾加s。

如:help→helps, play→plays。

b) 以-s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o等结尾的动词,在词尾加-es。

如:guess→guesses, watch→watches, go→goes。

c) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为 i再加-es。

如:carry→carries, fly→flies。

动词的现在分词1. 一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成：work→working 工作 sleep→sleeping 睡wait→waiting等待study→studying 学习 read→reading 读talk→talking 谈话2. 不发音的-e结尾的动词去掉e后再加-ing：smile→smiling 微笑 move→moving write→writing 写但是，若是发音的e结尾，则不能去e： see→seeing 看见 agree→agreeing 同意3. 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：sit→sitting 坐 plan→planning 计划 prefer→preferring 宁愿4. 以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y，再加ing： die→dying 死 lie→lying 躺动词的过去式：【过去式的变化规则】①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。

如：wanted，played。

②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。

如：hoped，lived。

③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。

如：stopped, shipped。

④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词去y加ed。

如：studied，worried。

2am,is -was are--were 击败;敲打beat--beat成为/变成become--became 开始begin--began 吹;刮blow—blew折断;打破break—broke 带来bring--brought 建设;建造build--built 买buy—bought 能,能够can—could 抓/捉住;乘车catch-cought 选择;选choose--chose 来come--came 值cost—cost切;割;砍cut-cut- 做do—did 绘画;画draw--drew 喝drink--drank 驾驶drive--drove 吃eat--eat 掉下;降落fall--fell 感到;感觉feel--felt 发现;找到find--found 飞fly--flew 忘记forget-forgot 取;获得get--got 给give--gave 去;走go--went 种植;成长grow—grew 有/吃have/has--had 听见hear--heard 保持keep—kept 知道;认识know--knew 学习;学会learn-learnt/learned离开;落下leave--left 借出/给lend— lent 让let--let 位于lie--lay 丢失lose--lost 可以may--might 意味;意思mean---meant 遇见/到meet--met 放put--put 读read --read注意读法不同/e/ 骑ride--rode 铃响ring--rang 跑run--ran 说say—said 看见;看望see--saw 卖sell--selt 送send--sent将;应该shall--should 照耀shine--shone 唱sing--sang 坐sit--sat 睡觉sleep--slept 闻;嗅smell--smelt说;讲speak--spoke 花费;度过spend--spent 站stand—stood 扫;拖地sweep--swept 游泳swim--swam 拿走;带走take --took 教teach--taught 告诉;讲tell--told 想;认为think--thought 扔;掷throw--threw 理解/明白understand--understood醒wake--woke 穿;戴wear--wore 将;愿will--would 赢得;战胜win--won 写write—wrote一、下列结构含有ing: 1. keep doing2. keep /carry on doing3. keep sb. Doing4. enjoy doing5. finish doing6. be afraid of doing7. be worth doing8. be busy doing9. how about doing//what about doing 10. spend some time (in)doing 11. s pend some money (in) buying 12. feel like doing13. stop/keep/prevent … from doing 14. thank you for doing 15. thanks f or doing16. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 17. go swimming/ fishing/shopping/skating/boating 18. mind/practise doing19. prefer doing … to doing… 20. can’t help doing21. there is/are +n.+ doing …二、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式：1. had better (not) do sth.2. would you please (not) do sth.3. why not do sth. 4. why don’t you do sth. 5. Shall we do sth.?6. let do sth.7. make sb. do sth.三、下列结构用带to的动词不定式：1. It’s time to do sth.2. It takes sb. some time to do sth.3. t ell/ask/want/encourage sb. to do sth.4. Would you like to do sth.?5. It’s good/bad to do sth.6. It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth.7. be+ad j.+enough to do sth.8. sb. is ready to do sth.9. It’s+adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 10. It’s+adj.+ of sb. to do sth. 11. wo uld like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth. 12. would like/love sb. to do sth.13. Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 14. what/how/ when/where/whether to do sth15. can’t wait to do 16. too … to do … 17. be afraid /ready/a ble/sure to do五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义不同： 1.stop to do/ doing 2.forget to do/ doing 3.remember to do/ doing 4.go on to do/doing 5.like to do/doing 6.love to do/doing7.prefer to do/doing 8.hate to do/doing六、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同： 1.begin to do/doing 2.start to do/doing 3. learn to do/doing七、下列结构用不带to的动词不定式和现在分词的含义不同：用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。

总结七年级上册动词三单形式的单词动词第三人称单数变化规则如下：1) 一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s. 例如：works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词，在后面加-es。

例如：goes teaches washes3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加-es. 例如：studies tries carries动词现在分词的变法:1．在一般情况下，动词可直接加-ing，如：do→doing。

2．以重读闭音节结尾的动词，一般要双写尾字母加-ing，如：sit→sitting。

3．去掉词尾的哑e再加-ing，如：take→taking。

动词过去式变化规则:1．规则动词过去式的变化规则1）一般在动词词尾加ed。

work—worked,rain—rained,watch—watched2）如果动词以字母e结尾，变过去式时直接在词尾加d。

love—loved,live—lived,change—changed3）如果动词是以一个元音字母加上一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，变过去式时，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。

stop—stopped,plan—planned,drop—dropped4）如果动词是以辅音字母加y结尾，变过去式时要变y为i再加ed。

study—studied,carry—carried,try—tried2．部分不规则动词的过去式let—let(让)，put—put(放)，read—read(读)，run—ran(跑)come—came(来)，become—became(成为)，bring—brought(带来)，buy—bought(买) go—went(去)，think—thought(想)，catch—caught(抓住)，teach—taught(教)end—lent(给)，send—sent(寄，送)，feel—felt(感觉)，keep—kept(保持)leave—left(离开)，meet—met(遇见)，learn—learnt/learned(学习) sell—sold(卖)，tell—told(告诉)，hold—held(抓住)，get—got(得到) hear—heard(听)，make—made(制造)，sit—sat(坐)，find—found(发现)see—saw(看见)，begin—began(开始)，swim—swam(游泳)，sing—sang(唱)write—wrote(写)，know—knew(知道)，show—showed(出示)speak—spoke(讲)，take—took(拿走)，eat—ate(吃)，give—gave(给)，find—found(找)。