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高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。
上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。
总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。
（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。
（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
（言外之意不是我做这个工作，用虚拟表达是我做这份工作的可能性很低）与过去事实相反：If anything had happened, he would have let us know.如果发生了什么情况，他早就通知我们了。
（所以没事发生）它们的共性都是表示与事实相反或者实现可能性不大3.特殊情况①在极少情况下，从句的谓语动词用原形，主句的谓语动词可用陈述语气（比较官方，正式，大气的说法，口语很少使用）If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.如果这是官方的看法，这是不能接受的。
②if可以省略，但是语序要改为倒装Were I Tom I would refuse.如果我是汤姆我会拒绝。
高考英语语法虚拟语气精讲虚拟语气定义：用来表示说的话不是事实或不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，假设的语气考点一、状语从句中的虚拟语气（一）虚拟条件句中的时态呼应例句①If it should rain tomorrow, they_______（go）for an outing.②If we_______（have）three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.③If I_______（take）your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.④If he had been there, it_______（not happen）.⑤Mary is ill today. If she were not ill, she_______（come）to school today.⑥I hadn’t studied hard so I_______（go）to Peking University. If I had gone to Peking University, I_______（work）in a big city.（二）虚拟语气倒装（三）含蓄虚拟条件句Sb did sth, if so/if not/ without/but for sth/doing和otherwise/or, SB would do/SB would have done , 例句：①She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise（if she had felt well），she _______ (notleave) the meeting so early.②But for your help（if you hadn’t helped me）,I_______ (not finish) the work.③Without sunlight （if there were no sunlight）, people’s life_______ (be) different from today.（四）as if状语/表语从句例句：①They talked as if they _______ (be)friends for years.②It seems as if it_______ (be) spring.考点二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气（一）宾语从句中的虚拟语气（1）表示要求，命令，建议的宾语从句一个坚持, insist两个命令, order, command四个建议, advise, suggest, propose,recommend五个要求, demand , require, request, desire, urge句式：sb suggest that sb (should) do例句：①The king ordered that the prisoners_______（kill）the next day.②They requested that we_______ (send) them to work there.③He insisted that I_______ (be) present.④We suggested that Tom_______（have）a rest.（2）表示“愿望”例句:①I would rather you_______ (return) the book yesterday.②I would rather you_______ (post) the letter right away.③If only I_______（can）see him again!④If only we_______（follow）your advice!⑤We wish our parents_______ (not punish) us.⑥I wish I （be）a bird.（现在）⑦I wish I (make) such a mistake.（二）主语从句中的虚拟语气（1）It is suggested, requested, ordered,proposed, demanded, advised, requreed that sb (should) do…例句：①It’s suggested that the plan_______ (carry)out.②It’s suggested that everybody_______ (buy)a dictionary.③It’s required that nobody_______ (smoke)here.（2）It’s necessary /strange/important /natural that sb should do……例句：①It is strange that she_______ (refuse)to come to the party.②It is important that we_______ ( master) a foreign language.（3）It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder that sb (should) do…例句：①It is a shame that little children_______（have）to beg in the street.②It is no wonder that she_______（not write）to you.（三）表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气suggestion, proposal, requirement, order, advice , decision that sb should do ……suggestion, proposal, requirement, order, advice , decision is that sb should do ……例句：①My demand is that she_______（come）to see me once a week.②All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory_______（close）down.③He gave advice that they_______（help）each other.④My suggestion is that we_______（leave）at once.考点三、特殊句式的虚拟语气（一）例句:①It’s time that we_______（go）to bed.②It’s time that we_______（go）to bed.（二）should/could/need have done … but didn’t … 翻译“ ” 例句：①There was plenty of time. She_______（not hurry）.②You_______（not be）late for yesterday’s class meeting as it was so important.（三）I （intend）to go to Tom’s birthday party, but I was not invited.。
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。
一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If I were you, I would study harder. （如果我是你，我会更努力学习。
）Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? （如果我们想要什么就有什么，生活岂不是很无聊？）2. 与过去事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句：If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. （如果我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。
）Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? （如果你再努力些，难道不能做得更好吗？）3. 与将来事实相反条件从句：① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. （如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
）If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. （如果她明天来这儿，我会非常高兴。
）If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!（要是他考试不及格，他父母该多失望啊！）二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反：从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句：I wish I were as tall as you. （我希望我和你一样高。
（完整版）⾼中虚拟语⽓⽤法详解⼀、什么是虚拟语⽓虚拟语⽓是⼀种动词形式，表⽰说话⼈的⼀种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语⽓所表⽰的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带⾛他们。
(不可能是你，所以这是不存在的事实，所以⽤虚拟语⽓)If I had met Tom, I could have told him. 如果我碰见了Tom ，我就告诉他了。
If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个⼩组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那⼉。
⼆、虚拟语⽓的⽤法虚拟语⽓在⼀般⽤于简单句，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，壮语从句以及同位于从句。
(下⾯我们分别看⼀下)1) 虚拟语⽓⽤在简单句中，表⽰祝愿，命令，它的谓语动词就是原形。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out ！你出去！2) 虚拟语⽓⽤在宾语从句中。
在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command 等动词后的宾语从句中，要⽤虚拟语⽓，表⽰建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+ 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
虚拟语气（1）——倒推时态类定义：虚拟语气是一种动词形式，有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（非真实条件状从和让步状从）2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议（名词性从句：主宾表同）使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿（与事实相反或不太可能实现）（如果我是宇航员，我要在月球上跳舞）2.用来缓和语气，使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体（如果你能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激）3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪（你要是能考上大学，全家都烧高香了）4.表示适度的责备或批评（如果你那时更耐心点，现在我们都成功了）5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福（祝你成功）1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气（错综时间条件句）定义：条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议，现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话，我明天还要再走一趟。
If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话，你现在就是大学生了。
省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，并将were,should,had提前于句首，变为倒装句。
如果虚拟条件句是否定句，not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义：有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类：1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ；without；Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助，我们不可能完成任务。
高中虚拟语气用法解析（完整版）一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用非真实条件句：if引导的条件状语从句，但是实现该条件的可能性极小或不可能实现1.表示与过去事实相反Eg.If my car had been more reliable,I would have driven to my office.2.表示与现在事实相反Eg.In fact,it is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.3.表示与将来事实相反Eg.If you succeed,everything would be all right.Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there,she wouldn't be able to see her parents.4.注意事项(1)W as不可以替代were，虚拟语气中，从句中be动词只有were(2)错综时间条件句：条件句的行为和主句行为发生的时间不一致，动词的形式按照主句和从句各自的时间调整。
Eg.If he had listened to me, he would not be in such trouble now. If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.(3)虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were/ should /had 时，if可省略，而将were/ should /had 置于主语前面Eg.What would have happened had Bob walked farther as far as the river bank?Should he agree to go there, we should send him there. Were it Sunday tomorrow, we should go to the great wall.两个固定搭配：①Were it not for 要不是...就②Had it not been for 要不是...就If it were not for （Were it not for）the bad weather now, we would go to the park to fly kites.If it had not been for（Had it not been for） the bad weather yesterday, we would have gone to the park to fly kites. （4）含蓄虚拟条件句：有时假设的情况不是以if条件句来表示。
高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结精华(名师总结必考语法知识点)第一节语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。
第二节虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
它能实现下列交际功能：a.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿（这种假设或意愿在多数情况下是与事实相反或不太可能实现的。
b. 经常用来缓和语气，使之更加委婉、礼貌、得体，使句子带有推测性和尝试性。
c. 表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪。
d. 表示适度的责备或批评。
e. 表示美好的祝愿或祝福。
学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。
如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I wi ll go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。
Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
第三节虚拟语气在条件句中NOTE：使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：１．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．２．在条件句中，可省略if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式．（后面详细讲解）If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。
If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假设或建议等。
虚拟语气的重点是：虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气和表示愿望的虚拟形式等。
(一)虚拟语气的常见句型●与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在相反的虚拟语气的结构为：条件句动词为were或动词的过去式，主句为would/should/could/might+动词原形了。
If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按●与过去事实相反的虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气的结构为：从句用had+过去分词，主句用would/should/could/might+have done照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
●与将来事实相反的虚拟语气If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would，could，might) go to see my grandmother. 与将来相反的虚拟语气的结构为：从句谓语动词为动词过去式或“should+动词原形”或“were to+动词原形”，主句为would/could/might +动词原形如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。
If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。
●省略if形式的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），省略连词if。
在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气(1)If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li.If he hadn’t been warned，he would have taken that food.(2)If he were free, he would help us. If I had money, I would buy the car.If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now.(3) If he should come/were to come/came here, we would hold the party.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.1.倒装/省略当虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had 等词置于句首。
请改写以上六个例句中符合倒装/省略条件的句子！2.错综时间虚拟条件句。
主从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在/将来的事实不符。
If they had informed us, we would not come here now.If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.If you hadn’t watched television so late, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.If I had studied hard at school, I would be a student in the key university now and find a good job after four years.②从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法及常见表达方式虚拟语气在高中英语中是一个重要的语法知识点。
它在表达与现实相反的情况、假设、建议和愿望等方面起到了重要作用。
本文将详细介绍虚拟语气的用法及常见表达方式。
一、虚拟语气的基本形式在英语中，虚拟语气的基本形式包括虚拟条件句和虚拟语气在从句中的使用。
1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句通常包括三个主要部分：if引导的条件从句、主句中的would/should/could/might以及从句中的动词形式（常为过去式或were）。
例如：- If I had more money, I would travel around the world.（如果我有更多的钱，我会周游世界。
）2. 虚拟语气在从句中的使用虚拟语气在从句中的使用主要是通过动词的变化形式来表达。
常见的动词形式包括：过去式、were（用于所有人称）、should/ought to。
例如：- I wish I could speak fluent French.（我希望我能说一口流利的法语。
）二、虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气在英语中的使用具有一定的规则和情境。
下面将介绍几种常见的情况。
1. 表达与现实相反的情况- If I were you, I would quit that job immediately.（如果我是你，我会立刻辞职。
）该句中，使用了“were”而不是“was”，表示与当前事实相反的情况。
2. 表达假设和想象- If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past.（如果我有时光机器，我会回到过去。
）该句中，使用了“had”而不是“have”，表示假设的情况。
3. 表达建议和命令- The teacher suggested that we should study harder for the exam.（老师建议我们应该更加努力地学习考试。
）该句中，使用了“should”来表示建议。
一、什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
（不可能是你，所以这是不存在的事实，所以用虚拟语气）If I had met Tom, I could have told him. 如果我碰见了Tom，我就告诉他了。
If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那儿。
二、虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气在一般用于简单句，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，壮语从句以及同位于从句。
（下面我们分别看一下）1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令，它的谓语动词就是原形。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。
在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，表示建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
完整版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解High School English Grammar Lesson - The Subjunctive Mood1.n and Types of Mood1) n of MoodMood is a form of the verb that shows the XXX.2) Types of MoodA。
Indicative MoodIndicates that the n or state is real。
certain。
or XXX declarative sentences。
interrogative sentences。
XXX.We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today!B。
Imperative MoodXXX。
request。
XXX。
XXX。
etc.Be careful.XXX to close the window.Open the door。
please.C。
Subjunctive MoodExpresses the speaker's subjective wishes。
ns。
or ns。
where the n or state is not an objective fact.2.XXXBefore learning the use of the XXX。
we must first XXX: real XXX)。
Real XXX happen。
and both the nal clause and the main clause use the XXX:If it doesn't rain tomorrow。
I will go for a ic.Oil floats if you pour it on water.XXX。
and both the nal clause and the main clause must use the subjunctive mood.XXX Clauseshould / would/could/might + base form of verbshould / would/could/might + have + past participleContrary to present fact past tense (use "were" for "be")XXX past participle1) should + base form of verbshould / would/could/might + base form of verbXXX XXX fact2) were + to-infinitive3) past tense (use "were" for "be")1.XXX to present fact。
虚拟语气
知识导图
虚拟语气的定义：虚拟语气表示说话人的某种愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测和建议等，表示的是纯属假设或实现的可能性不大的情况。
虚拟语气是由句中的谓语的特殊形式表现出来的。
虚拟语气的用法
1.虚拟语气用于条件句（条件状语从句）
①条件句的分类
条件句可以分为两种：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。
真实条件句是一种可能实现的条件句，且实现的可能性非常大。
在条件句中常用表示现在的某种时态代替表示将来的时态。
If I have time, I’ll come over to see you.
虚拟条件句是一种表示不能实现或实现的可能性很小的条件句。
其谓语动词用虚拟语气。
If I had time, I should/would/could come over to see you.
②用法。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法虚拟语气是英语中常见的一种语法现象，用于表示与事实相反、假设或建议等非真实情况。
在高中英语学习中，掌握虚拟语气的种类与用法对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将归纳总结高中英语中常见的虚拟语气种类及其用法。
一、虚拟语气的种类1. 与过去事实相反的虚拟该类虚拟语气用于表达对过去事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“should/ought to + have + 过去分词”构成。
例如：He should have come to the party last night.（他本应该昨晚来参加派对的）I wish I had studied harder for the exam.（我希望我当时更努力地学习）2. 与现在事实相反的虚拟该类虚拟语气用于表达对现在事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“动词原形＋宾语＋过去式”构成。
例如：If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉）She wishes she had more time for hobbies.（她希望她有更多的时间去爱好）3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟该类虚拟语气用于表达对将来事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“should/shall/would + 动词原形”构成。
例如：If it should rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the picnic.（如果明天下雨的话，我们将不得不取消野餐）I would help you if I had the time.（如果我有时间的话，我会帮助你的）4. 与现在事实相反的虚拟假设该类虚拟语气用于表达对现在事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“were/shou ld + 动词原形”构成，用于表示与现在事实相反的情况。
例如：If I were you, I would quit that job.（如果我是你，我会辞职的）It is high time that he should start studying.（早该是他开始学习的时候了）二、虚拟语气的用法1. 表示假设和建议虚拟语气常用于表示假设和建议，帮助我们在语言表达中更加灵活地运用条件句和建议句。
