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2019考试科目代码：1001考试科目名称：英语Part I Reading Comprehension (45%)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Less than two months into her breast cancer treatment, Alexandra Jn-Charles was called into a new room at SUNY Downstate Medical Center, where two treating physicians, the chief medical officer and an attorney representing the hospital told her that mistakes had been made.The skin lesions (病变) on her chest, they said, had been caused not by her illness but by the machine that was supposed to cure her. The 32-year-old had received nearly 30 radiotherapy sessions, but at this point it didn’t really make sense to count them, because a programming error had caused each installment to deliver at least three times the prescribed amount of radiation.Jn-Charles, who died two and a half years after this meeting in 2005, would eventually come to exemplify the emergence of accidental over-radiation in U.S. hospitals. The worst off have reported skin damage, inexplicable hair loss and ribs(肋骨) buckling beneath their chests — debilitating injuries suffered while undergoing screening or treatment for something that would otherwise kill them. A steep price for survival.These tragedies go to the core of an issue as pressing as it is uncomfortable to think about: Have advances in technology, improved treatment methods and more comprehensive screening protocols led to systematic, excessive irradiation of patients?The answer, according to a growing number of health experts, is yes. For example, the CT scan, which has become commonplace in response to rising cancer rates, is itself thought to increase the likelihood that a person develops cancer. The scans deliver several hundred times more radiation than an X-ray — even when guidelines and dosages are followed precisely. “What we do as physicians arguably harms people,” James Ehrlich, a clinical associate professor at the University of Colorado and an adviser for Premier Micronutrient Corp., told Newsweek.A jarring example of that came in 2010, when Walt Bogdanich published an extensive review in The New York Times that listed numerous patients whose lives had been destroyed by mistakes in hospital imaging and radiotherapy. Shortly after the article series went to press, the Food and Drug Administration began to ramp up its efforts to limit excessive exposure, eventually launching its Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Radiation Exposure From Medical Imaging.Along with organizations like the American College of Radiology, the FDA now supports a number of so-called dose registries that allow facilities to compare radiation dose indexes to regional and national values. To date, hundreds of facilities across the U.S. have enrolled.But the FDA’s regulatory authority is generally focused on equipment manufacturers, and compliance on the state level is never guaranteed. And even compliant facilities run the risk of over-radiating patients: A 2012 paper bythe Institute of Medicine found that medical imaging is one of the leading environmental causes of breast cancer.1. The skin damage on Jn-Charles’ chest was caused by ______.A) breast cancerB) advanced technologyC) over-radiationD) treatment methods1. What does the author want to explain by exemplifying Jn-Charles?A) There is no need to waste so much money for to treat breast cancer.B) Until now, breast cancer is still an incurable illness around the world.C) There is an increasing number of young people suffering from cancer.D) There are incidents of excessive irradiation of patients in America.3. What can be learnt about the CT scan?A) It is a double-edged sword in the term of cancer.B) It has been argued in the medical profession.C) It is much safer to be used to treat breast cancer.D) The radiation dosages can be controlled easily.4. What does the word “ramp up” (Para. 6) mean?A) Heat up.B) Draw out.C) Intensify.D) Put up.5. The author thinks FDA’s solution to reduce radiation exposure is ______.A) ineffectiveB) looseC) harmfulD) unnecessaryPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been reassuringly dull. E-books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares if they are to remain relevant, but many publishers are too wary of piracy and lost sales to co-operate. Among the big six, only Random House and HarperCollins license e-books with most libraries. The others have either denied requests or are reluctantly experimenting. In August, for example, Penguin will start a pilot with public libraries in New York.Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need: book-lovers with money (neither the devices nor broadband connections come cheap). If these wonderful people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then?Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live, book files can be downloaded at home. Digital library catalogues are often browsed at night, from a comfy sofa. The files disappear from the device when they are due (which means no late fees, nor worry about lost or damaged books).Awkwardly for publishers, buying an e-book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value. You cannot resell it, lend it to a friend or burn it to stay warm. Owning a book is useful if you want to savour（品尝）it repeatedly, but who reads “Fifty Shades of Grey” twice?E-lending is not simple, however. There are lots of different and often incompatible e-book formats, devices and licences. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, a global distributor that secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Some 35m titles were checked out through OverDrive in 2011, and the company now sends useful data on borrowing behaviour to participating publishers. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive’s market dominance, as the company can increasingly dictate fees and conditions.Library boosters argue that book borrowers are also book buyers, and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new work. Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey, which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books. But the report also noted that few people know that e-books are available at most libraries, and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists, which may be what inspires people to buy.So publishers keep tweaking（对……稍作调整）their lending arrangements in search of the right balance. Random House raised its licensing prices earlier this year, and HarperCollins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times. Penguin plans to keep new releases out of libraries for at least six months, and each book will expire after a year. The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.6. What can we learn about the big six publishers?A) They know they need to cooperate with libraries.B) They have recently sold e-books to most libraries.C) Most of them hesitate in cooperation with libraries.D) They stand out against selling e-books to libraries.7. What is the advantage of electronic borrowing?A) There is no need to worry about deadlines.B) It can pay for the late fees automatically.C) Readers can lend the book files to their friends.D) It is much cheaper than traditional printed books.8. Why are publishers and libraries worried about OverDrive’s market dominance?A) Publisher and libraries will lose their market shares of e-books.B) OverDrive provides various format of e-books and audio files.C) OverDrive will increasingly divide their profit of e-books.D) E-readers will not lend e-books or audio files from libraries.9. What was shown in Pew survey?A) The desire to collect popular books inspires people to buy them.B) E-readers in America prefer to buy their e-books from libraries.C) More than half of Americans are book borrowers and book buyers.D) People with library cards usually have to wait for popular e-books.10. What does the author mean by saying “The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.” (Para. 7)?A) Many problems about e-book lending need to be solved.B) It is wise for publishers to cooperate closely with libraries.C) Cooperation between publishers and libraries is a win-win strategy.D) Libraries will dominant the book market by lending e-books.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Across the board, American colleges and universities are not doing a very good job of preparing their students for the workplace or their post-graduation lives. This was made clear by the work of two sociologists, Richard Arumand Josipa Roksa. In 2011 they released a landmark study titled “Academically Adrift,” which documented the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today’s knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students’ lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards. Although going to college is supposed to be a full-time job, stu- dents spent, on average, only 12 to 14 hours a week studying and many were skating through their semesters without doing a significant amount of reading and writing. Students who take more challenging classes and spend more time studying do learn more. But the priorities of many undergraduates are with extracurricular activities, playing sports, and partying and socializing.Laura Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students. In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describes what she calls the “party pathway,” which eases many students through college, helped along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors. By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are “catering to the social and educat ional needs of wealthy students at the expense of others” who won’t enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.These students need to build skills and knowledge during college if they are to use their degrees as a stepping-stone to middle-class mobility. But more privileged students must not waste this opportunity either. As recent graduates can testify, the job market isn’t kind to candidates who can’t demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard. Nor is the global economy forgiving of an American workforce with increasingly weak literacy, math and science abilities. College graduates will still fare better than those with only a high school education, of course. But a university degree unaccompanied by a gain in knowledge or skills is an empty achievement indeed. For students who have been coasting through college, and for American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition, the party may soon be over.11. What is Arum and Roksa’s finding about higher education in America?A) It aims at stimulating the intellectual curiosity of college students.B) It fails to prepare students to face the challenges of modern times.C) It has experienced dramatic changes in recent years.D) It has tried hard to satisfy students’ various needs.12. What is responsible for the students’ lack of higher-level skills?A) The diluted college curriculum.B) The boring classroom activities.C) The absence of rigorous discipline.D) The outdated educational approach.13. What does Laura Hamilton say about college administrations?A) They fail to give adequate help to the needy students.B) They tend to offer too many less challenging courses.C) They seem to be out of touch with society.D) They prioritize non-academic activities.14. What can be learned about the socially and financially privileged students?A) They tend to have a sense of superiority over their peers.B) They can afford to choose easier majors in order to enjoy themselves.C) They spend a lot of time building strong connections with businesses.D) They can climb the social ladder even without a degree.15. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A) American higher education has lost its global competitiveness.B) People should not expect too much from American higher education.C) The current situation in American higher education may not last long.D) It will take a long time to change the current trend in higher education.Part II Translation (25%)Directions: For this part, you are to translate a passage from Chinese into English.西安是我国黄河流域古代文明的重要发源地之一，与雅典、罗马、开罗并称为世界四大古都。
桂林理⼯⼤学1001-英语-2019年考博真题博⼠研究⽣⼊学考试专业课真题 2019年桂林理⼯⼤学考博专业课真题2019考试科⽬代码：1001考试科⽬名称：英语Part I Reading Comprehension (45%)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Less than two months into her breast cancer treatment, Alexandra Jn-Charles was called into a new room at SUNY Downstate Medical Center, where two treating physicians, the chief medical officer and an attorney representing the hospital told her that mistakes had been made.The skin lesions (病变) on her chest, they said, had been caused not by her illness but by the machine that was supposed to cure her. The 32-year-old had received nearly 30 radiotherapy sessions, but at this point it didn’t really make sense to count them, because a programming error had caused each installment to deliver at least three times the prescribed amount of radiation.Jn-Charles, who died two and a half years after this meeting in 2005, would eventually come to exemplify the emergence of accidental over-radiation in U.S. hospitals. The worst off have reported skin damage, inexplicable hair loss and ribs(肋⾻) buckling beneath their chests — debilitating injuries suffered while undergoing screening or treatment for something that would otherwise kill them. A steep price for survival.These tragedies go to the core of an issue as pressing as it is uncomfortable to think about: Have advances in technology, improved treatment methods and more comprehensive screening protocols led to systematic, excessive irradiation of patients?The answer, according to a growing number of health experts, is yes. For example, the CT scan, which has become commonplace in response to rising cancer rates, is itself thought to increase the likelihood that a person develops cancer. The scans deliver several hundred times more radiation than an X-ray — even when guidelines and dosages are followed precisely. “What we do as physicians arguably harms people,” James Ehrlich, a clinical associate professor at the University of Colorado and an adviser for Premier Micronutrient Corp., told Newsweek.A jarring example of that came in 2010, when Walt Bogdanich published an extensive review in The New York Times that listed numerous patients whose lives had been destroyed by mistakes in hospital imaging and radiotherapy. Shortly after the article series went to press, the Food and Drug Administration began to ramp up its efforts to limit excessive exposure, eventually launching its Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Radiation Exposure From Medical Imaging.Along with organizations like the American College of Radiology, the FDA now supports a number of so-called dose registries that allow facilities to compare radiation dose indexes to regional and national values. To date, hundreds of facilities across the U.S. have enrolled.But the FDA’s regulatory authority is generally focused on equipment manufacturers, and compliance on the state level is never guaranteed. And even compliant facilities run the risk of over-radiating patients: A 2012 paper bythe Institute of Medicine found that medical imaging is one of the leading environmental causes of breast cancer.1. The skin damage on Jn-Charles’ chest was caused by ______.A) breast cancerB) advanced technologyC) over-radiationD) treatment methods1. What does the author want to explain by exemplifying Jn-Charles?A) There is no need to waste so much money for to treat breast cancer.B) Until now, breast cancer is still an incurable illness around the world.C) There is an increasing number of young people suffering from cancer.D) There are incidents of excessive irradiation of patients in America.3. What can be learnt about the CT scan?A) It is a double-edged sword in the term of cancer.B) It has been argued in the medical profession.C) It is much safer to be used to treat breast cancer.D) The radiation dosages can be controlled easily.4. What does the word “ramp up” (Para. 6) mean?A) Heat up.B) Draw out.C) Intensify.D) Put up.5. The author thinks FDA’s solution to reduce radiation exposure is ______.A) ineffectiveB) looseC) harmfulD) unnecessaryPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been reassuringly dull. E-books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares if they are to remain relevant, but many publishers are too wary of piracy and lost sales to co-operate. Among the big six, only Random House and HarperCollins license e-books with most libraries. The others have either denied requests or are reluctantly experimenting. In August, for example, Penguin will start a pilot with public libraries in New York.Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need: book-lovers with money (neither the devices nor broadband connections come cheap). If these wonderful people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then?Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live, book files can be downloaded at home. Digital library catalogues are often browsed at night, from a comfy sofa. The files disappear from the device when they are due (which means no late fees, nor worry about lost or damaged books).Awkwardly for publishers, buying an e-book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value. You cannot resell it, lend it to a friend or burn it to stay warm. Owning a book is useful if you want to savour（品尝）it repeatedly, but who reads “Fifty Shades of Grey” twice?E-lending is not simple, however. There are lots of different and often incompatible e-book formats, devices and licences. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, a global distributor that secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Some 35m titles were checked out through OverDrive in 2011, and the company now sends useful data on borrowing behaviour to participating publishers. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive’s market dominance, as the company can increasingly dictate fees and conditions.Library boosters argue that book borrowers are also book buyers, and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new work. Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey, which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books. But the report also noted that few people know that e-books are available at most libraries, and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists, which may be what inspires people to buy.So publishers keep tweaking（对……稍作调整）their lending arrangements in search of the right balance. Random House raised its licensing prices earlier this year, and HarperCollins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times. Penguin plans to keep new releases out of libraries for at least six months, and each book will expire after a year. The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.6. What can we learn about the big six publishers?A) They know they need to cooperate with libraries.B) They have recently sold e-books to most libraries.C) Most of them hesitate in cooperation with libraries.D) They stand out against selling e-books to libraries.7. What is the advantage of electronic borrowing?A) There is no need to worry about deadlines.B) It can pay for the late fees automatically.C) Readers can lend the book files to their friends.D) It is much cheaper than traditional printed books.8. Why are publishers and libraries worried about OverDrive’s market dominance?A) Publisher and libraries will lose their market shares of e-books.B) OverDrive provides various format of e-books and audio files.C) OverDrive will increasingly divide their profit of e-books.D) E-readers will not lend e-books or audio files from libraries.9. What was shown in Pew survey?A) The desire to collect popular books inspires people to buy them.B) E-readers in America prefer to buy their e-books from libraries.C) More than half of Americans are book borrowers and book buyers.D) People with library cards usually have to wait for popular e-books.10. What does the author mean by saying “The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.” (Para. 7)?A) Many problems about e-book lending need to be solved.B) It is wise for publishers to cooperate closely with libraries.C) Cooperation between publishers and libraries is a win-win strategy.D) Libraries will dominant the book market by lending e-books.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Across the board, American colleges and universities are not doing a very good job of preparing their students for the workplace or their post-graduation lives. This was made clear by the work of two sociologists, Richard Arumand Josipa Roksa. In 2011 they released a landmark study titled “Academically Adrift,” which documented the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today’s knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students’ lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards. Although going to college is supposed to be a full-time job, stu- dents spent, on average, only 12 to 14 hours a week studying and many were skating through their semesters without doing a significant amount of reading and writing. Students who take more challenging classes and spend more time studying do learn more. But the priorities of many undergraduates are with extracurricular activities, playing sports, and partying and socializing.Laura Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students. In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describes what she calls the “party pathway,” which eases many students through college, helped along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors. By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are “catering to the social and educat ional needs of wealthy students at the expense of others” who won’t enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.These students need to build skills and knowledge during college if they are to use their degrees as a stepping-stone to middle-class mobility. But more privileged students must not waste this opportunity either. As recent graduates can testify, the job market isn’t kind to candidates who can’t demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard. Nor is the global economy forgiving of an American workforce with increasingly weak literacy, math and science abilities. College graduates will still fare better than those with only a high school education, of course. But a university degree unaccompanied by a gain in knowledge or skills is an empty achievement indeed. For students who have been coasting through college, and for American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition, the party may soon be over.11. What is Arum and Roksa’s finding about higher education in America?A) It aims at stimulating the intellectual curiosity of college students.B) It fails to prepare students to face the challenges of modern times.C) It has experienced dramatic changes in recent years.D) It has tried hard to satisfy students’ various needs.12. What is responsible for the students’ lack of higher-level skills?A) The diluted college curriculum.B) The boring classroom activities.C) The absence of rigorous discipline.D) The outdated educational approach.13. What does Laura Hamilton say about college administrations?A) They fail to give adequate help to the needy students.B) They tend to offer too many less challenging courses.C) They seem to be out of touch with society.D) They prioritize non-academic activities.14. What can be learned about the socially and financially privileged students?A) They tend to have a sense of superiority over their peers.B) They can afford to choose easier majors in order to enjoy themselves.C) They spend a lot of time building strong connections with businesses.D) They can climb the social ladder even without a degree.15. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A) American higher education has lost its global competitiveness.B) People should not expect too much from American higher education.C) The current situation in American higher education may not last long.D) It will take a long time to change the current trend in higher education.Part II Translation (25%)Directions: For this part, you are to translate a passage from Chinese into English.西安是我国黄河流域古代⽂明的重要发源地之⼀，与雅典、罗马、开罗并称为世界四⼤古都。
2020年广西桂林理工大学综合英语考研真题Part I Structure and Expression (30分,每题1分)Directions: In this section there are 30 sentences followed by four multiple choices. Choose one to complete the sentences. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. A child with healthy appetite rarely dislikes food _____ it is badly cooked.A. unlessB. untilC. ifD. in that2.No one can be _____ hasty in making the decision as it is such a critical case.A. veryB. soC. tooD. that3._____ students have certain “gift” in common, they should be grouped together.A. WhileB. WhereC. WhenD. As4. his graduation, he found a job with a decent income.A. AtB. DuringC. WithD. Upon5.If these human initiatives are aided by special quality-control instruments,machines, and scientific sampling procedures, _______.A. so much the betterB. the much betterC. so it’ll be betterD.be it the better6. writers, like Flaubert, will spend days trying to get one or two sentencesexactly right.A. CarefulB. CautiousC. ScrupulousD. Prudent7.And the polluted water does not merely the life of the sea but threatensthe people who inhabit and visit its shores.A. stiffB. strifeC. stifleD. strive8.Such diseases as typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, polio, viral hepatitis andfood poisoning are _______ in the area, and there are periodic outbreaks of cholera.A. epidemicB. endemicC. rifeD. rampant9.An even greater risk in the ageing underground gas-pipes.A. larksB. luresC. lurchesD. lurks10.Anti-materialists tent to the importance of things.A. deriveB. derideC. depriveD. driveter school start time’s contribution to teenagers’ academic performance isnot an one.A. suspiciousB. vagueC. equivocalD. equivalent12.The undeveloped technology of the period the construction of moredelicate walls.A. secludedB. precludedC. concludedD. deluded13.Human beings feature their creative ability to trivial impulses intomomentous consequences.A. transformB. translateC. transmuteD. transmit14.Hypocrisy is the that vice pays to virtue.A. contributeB. attributeC. distributeD. tribute15.Most of his study time is _____ by computer games.A. absorbedB. ingestedC. digestedD. devoured16.Mary is very as she is constantly changing her mind.A. suspiciousB. capriciousC. deliciousD. precarious17.The rich ___ themselves from contact with the poor.A. residedB. retreatedC. secludedD. groped18.He found it hard to choose furniture that was ____ with the modern style of thehouse.A. constantB. consistentC. consequentD. constituent19.One’s _____ remark at the wrong moment could ruin the whole plan.A. indiscreetB. improperC. inappropriateD. impossible20.The average Chinese people will _____ themselves for years to buy a house.A. stingB. stinkC. stintD. stir21.Our progress was _____ by the extreme weather.A. hamperedB. forbiddenC. stoppedD. suspended22.The negotiation had reached a(n)_____, with both parties refusing to makecompromise.A. dilemmaB. difficultyC. embarrassmentD. impasse23.This new laser printer is _____ with all leading software.A. comparableB. competitiveC. compatibleD. cooperative24.Problems have been _____ by long neglect.A. evacuatedB. agitatedC. decapitatedD. aggravated25.A visitor must _____ to the customs of the country where he lives.A. informB. conformC. confirmD. affirm26.It is far too difficult for the young adult to _____ between truth and falsehood.A. discernB. discardC. disperseD. disregard27.In the _____ light I could hardly make out the way home.A. frailB. failingC. failedD. fail28.Drinking water before your meal will take the _____ off your hunger.A. edgeB. edictC. edibleD. eddy29.Those who are _____ of profits will not always be happy.A. insatiableB. fondC. insaneD. critical30.It _____ on me that Johnson had been making us nobody but a fool all along.A. dweltB. dawnedC. restedD. layPart II Figure of Speech (10分,每题1分)Directions: Identify the figure of speech in each of the following sentences. Choose the best answer from the box and write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. I wandered lonely as a cloud that floats over valleys and hills.2. The mother is undergoing the joyful pain, and the painful joy of childbirth.3. Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.4. A thousand mustaches can live together, but not four breasts.5. A lie can travel half way around the world while the truth is putting on itsshoes.6. He was both out of pocket and out of spirits by that catastrophe, failed in hishealth and prophesied the speedy ruin of the empire.7. Technological progress has merely provided us with more efficient means for goingbackwards.8. The American society saw a gnawing poverty during the tears of the GreatDepression.9. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.10. Nest to health, heart, home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon theautomobile.Part III Blank Filling (20分,每题1分)Directions: Choose a proper word from the box to fill in each blank in the following passage. Each word can be used only once. Write the corresponding letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 4 position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should 5 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 6 them for a field of work rather than for a single 7 .Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 8 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 9 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 10 . Some drift from job to job. Others 11 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 12 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students -- or their parents for them -- choose the professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “White-collar” job is 15 good reason for choosing it as life’s work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 17 of young people should give serious 18 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 19 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security;others are willing to take 20 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.Part IV Paraphrase (20分,每题2分)Directions: Explain the following sentences in your own words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English.2. This knack for going instinctively to the heart of a matter was the secret of his major scientific discoveries.3. Much of human existence consists of efforts aimed at making sure that things don’t go wrong, fall apart, break down, or stop running until a decent interval has elapsed after manufacture.4. The idea of using a product once or for a brief period and then replacing it, runs counter to the grain of societies or individuals steeped in a heritage of poverty.5. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.6. Finally, with both of us combining our linguistic and imaginative resources, finally, after what seems another hour, we decode it.7. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.8. So, for me, one of the keenest pleasures of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction.9. Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since the initial outlay upon equipment or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels.10. For all the trouble procrastination may incur, delay can often inspire and revivea creative soul.Part V Word Formation (10分,每题1分)Directions: Write out the full form of the following words and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. ASEAN2. APEC3. CIIE4. BRICS5. NBC6. e-cigar7. radar8. Brexit9. motel 10. ecotourismPart VI General Knowledge (10分,每题1分)Directions: Choose the best answer to each of the 10 multiple-choice questions. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. _____is the capital of Canada.A.VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD.York2. U.S. presidents normally serve a (n) _____ term.A. two-yearB. four-yearC. six-yearD. eight-year3. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?A. Huston.B. Boston.C. Baltimore.D. Philadelphia.4. _____is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic ChurchB. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England5. The novel Emma is written by_____.A. Mary ShelleyB. Charlotte BrontëC. Elizabeth C. GaskellD. JaneAusten6. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. George Elliot.C. George C. Byron.D. Percy B. Shelley.7. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for _____.A. his poemsB. his playsC. his short storiesD. his novels8. Syntax is the study of _____.A. language functionsB. sentence structuresC. textual organizationD. word formation9. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Productivity.C. Cultural transmission.D. Finiteness.10. The speech act theory was first put forward by _____.A. John SearleB. John AustinC. Noam ChomskyD. M.A.K. HallidayPart VII Proof Reading and Error Correction (10分,每题1分)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ ^ ” and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.Part VIII Reading Comprehension (40分,每题2分)Directions: In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.TEXT AStratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket priceshave stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.1. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.A. the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenueB. the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stageC. the two branches of the RSC are not on good termsD. the townsfolk earn little from tourism2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.A. the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separatelyB. the playgoers spend more money than the sightseersC. the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoersD. the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater3. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2, Paragraph 4), theauthor implies that ________.A. Stratford cannot afford the expansion projectsB. Stratford has long been in financial difficultiesC. the town is not really short of moneyD. the townsfolk used to be poorly paid4. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because ________.A. ticket prices can be raised to cover the spendingB. the company is financially ill-managedC. the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptableD. the theatre attendance is on the rise5. From the text we can conclude that the author ________.A. is supportive of both sidesB. favors the townsfolk’s viewC. takes a detached attitudeD. is sympathetic to the RSCTEXT BMany things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!” commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter thana clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.6. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intendsto show that ________.A. poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB. art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC. poets today are less skeptical of happinessD. artists have changed their focus of interest7. The word “bummer” (Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something ________.A. religiousB. unpleasantC. entertainingD. commercial8. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.A. emerges in the wake of the anti-happy artB. is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC. replaces the church as a major source of informationD. creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself9. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes ________.A. happiness more often than not ends in sadnessB. the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshingC. misery should be enjoyed rather than deniedD. the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms10. Which of the following is true of the text?A. Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.B. Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.C. People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.D. Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.TEXT CNot long after the telephone was invented, I assume, a call was placed. The caller was a parent saying, “your child is bullying my child, and I want it stopped!”The bully’s parent replied, “you must have the wrong number. My child is a little angel.”A trillion phone calls later, the conversation is the same. When children are teased or tyrannized, the parental impulse is to grab the phone and rant. But these days, as studies in the U.S. show that bullying on the rise and parental supervision on the decline, researchers who study bullying say that calling moms and dads is more futile than ever. Such calls often lead to playground recriminations and don’t really teach our kids any lessons about how to navigate the world and resolve conflicts.When you call parents, you want them to “extract the cruelty” from their bullying children, says Laura Kavesh, a child psychologist in Evanston, Illinois. “But many parents are blown away by the idea of their child being cruel. They won’t believe it.” In a recent police department survey in Oak Harbor, Washington, 89% of local high school students said they had engaged in bullying behavior. Yet only 18% of parents thought their children would act as bullies.In a new U.S.PTA survey, 5% of parents support contacting other parents to deal with bullying. But many educators warn that those conversations can be misinterpreted, causing tempers to flare. Instead, they say, parents should get objective outsiders, like principals, to mediate.Meanwhile, if you get a call from a parent who is angry about your child's bullying, listen without getting defensive. That’s what Laura McHugh of Castro Valley, California, did when a caller told her that her then 13-year-old son had spit in another boy’s food. Her son had confessed, but the victim’s mom “wanted to make sure my son hadn’t given her son a nasty disease,” says McHugh, who apologized and promised to get her son tested for AIDS and other diseases. She knew the chance of contracting any disease this way was remote, but her promise calmed the mother and showed McHugh’s son that his bad behavior was being taken seriously. McHugh, founder of Parents Coach Kids, a group that teaches parenting skills, sent the mom the test results. All were negative.Remember: once you make a call, you might not like what you hear. If you have an itchy dialing finger, resist temptation. Put it in your pocket.11. The word “bullying” probably means______.A. frightening and hurtingB. teasingC. behaving like a tyrantD. laughing at12. Calling to a bully’s parent ______.A. has long existed but changed its contentB. is often done with careful thinkingC. often leads to blaming and misunderstandingD. is used to warn the child not to do it again13. According to the surveys in the U.S., _______.A. bullying among adults is also risingB. parents are not supervising their children wellC. parents seldom believe bulliesD. most parents resort to calling to deal with bullying14. When bullying occurs, parents should_______.A. help the bulling child get rid of crueltyB. resort to the mediatorC. avoid getting too protectiveD. resist the temptation of calling15. Laura McHugh promised to get the bullied boy tested for diseases because________.A. her son confessed to being wrongB.she was afraid to annoy the boy’s parentC.he was likely to be affected by these diseasesD.she wanted to teach her own son a lessonTEXT DFor thousands of Canadians, bad service is neither make-believe nor amusing. It is an aggravating and worsening real-life phenomenon that encompasses behavior ranging from indifference and rudeness to naked hostility and even physical violence. Across the country, better business bureaus report a lengthening litany of complaints about contractors, car dealers, and repair shops, moving companies, airlines and department stores. There is almost an adversarial feeling between businesses and consumers.Experts say there are several explanations for ill feeling in the marketplace. One is that customer service was an early and inevitable casualty when retailers responded to brutal competition by replacing employees with technology such as 1～800 numbers and voice mail. Another factor is that business generally has begun placing more emphasis on getting customers than on keeping them. Still another is that strident, frustrated and impatient shoppers vex shop owners and make them even less hospitable -- especially at busier times of the year like Christmas. On both sides, simple courtesy has gone by the board. And for a multitude of consumers, service went with it.The Better Business Bureau at Vancouver gets 250 complaints a week, twice as many as five years ago. The bureau then had one complaints counselor and now has four. People complain about being insulted, having their intelligence and integrity questioned, and being threatened. One will hear about people being hauled almost bodily out the door by somebody saying things like “I don’t have to serve you!”or “This is private property, get out and don’t come back! ” What can customers do? If the bureau’s arbitration process fails to settle a dispute, a customer’s only recourse is to sue in claims court. But because of the costs and time it takes, relatively few ever do.There is a lot of support for the notion that service has, in part, fallen victimto generational change. Many young people regard retailing as just a bead-end job that you're just going to do temporarily on your way to a real job. Young clerks often lack both knowledge and civility. Employers have to train young people in simple manners because that is not being done at home. Salespeople today, especially the younger ones, have grown up in a television-computer society where they’ve interacted largely with machines. One of the biggest complaints from businesses about graduates is the lack of inter-personal skills.What customers really want is access. They want to get through when they call, they don’t want busy signals, they don’t want interactive systems telling them to push one for this and two for that -- they don’t want voice mail. And if customers do not get what they want, they defect. Some people go back to local small businesses: the Asian greengrocer, a Greek baker and a Greek fishmonger. They don’t wear name tags, but one gets to know them, all by name.16.At a business place of bad service, the worst one can get is________.A.indifference and rudenessB.naked hostility and physical violenceC.having intelligence and integrity questionedD.being insulted and threatened17.One of the reasons for such ill feeling in the marketplace is that________.A.shoppers are usually strident, frustrated and impatientB.shoppers often take businesses to courtC.businesses use new technology instead of employeesD.businesses try every means to get customers18.What changes have taken place at Vancouver Better Service Bureau in the past five years?A.More effective.B. Less bureaucracy.B.More business. D. Better staff.19.Young clerks often lack interpersonal skills chiefly because they______.A.are skilled in dealing with machines, not peopleB.are not trained in simple manners at homeC.fall victims to generational changeD.take retailing to be a temporary job20.The author’s attitude towards businesses and bad service is________.A.attackingB. understandingC. regrettingD. warning。
桂林理工大学英语期末考试试卷1、One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but at least can help cover my living（）. [单选题] *A. billsB. expenses(正确答案)C. pricesD. charges2、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think3、_____ the plan carefully,he rejected it. [单选题] *A. To have consideredB.To considerC. Having considered(正确答案)D. Considering4、75．Why not________ for a walk? [单选题] *A．go out(正确答案)B．to go outC．going outD．goes out5、—Tony, it’s cold outside. ______ wear a jacket?—OK, mom.（）[单选题] *A. Why not(正确答案)B. Why don’tC. Why did youD. Why do you6、You might not like the way Sam behaves, but please be kind to him. _____, he is your grandfather. [单选题] *A. After all(正确答案)B. Above allC. In allD. At all7、There was a time（）I wondered why I would like to do this boring job. [单选题] *A. whichB. whyC. whereD. when(正确答案)8、I don’t think he will take the case seriously,_____? [单选题] *A.don’t IB.won’t heC.does heD.will he(正确答案)9、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] *A. advice(正确答案)B. suggestionC. advicesD. suggest10、Kate has a cat _______ Mimi. [单选题] *A. called(正确答案)B. callC. to callD. calling11、I do not have my own room,_____. [单选题] *A. neither does Tom(正确答案)B. neither has TomC. so does TomD. so has Tom12、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so13、As for the quality of this model of color TV sets, the ones made in Chine are by no means _____ those imported. [单选题] *A inferior thanB less inferior toC less inferior thanD. inferior to(正确答案)14、“I think you are wonderful,”she said, “You are so patient with your little George.”[单选题] *A. 耐心(正确答案)B. 细心C. 关心D. 偏心15、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an16、With all the work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] *A.should goB.must have goneC.might goD..shouldn’t have gone(正确答案)17、You can borrow my book, _____ you promise to give it back to me by the end of this month. [单选题] *A.even ifB. as long as(正确答案)C. in caseD. even though18、---Where’s that report?---I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday. [单选题] *A. ifB. when(正确答案)C. becauseD. before19、We need two ______ and two bags of ______ for the banana milk shake.（）[单选题]*A. banana; yogurtB. banana; yogurtsC. bananas; yogurt(正确答案)D. bananas; yogurts20、We have made a _______ tour plan to Sydney. [单选题] *A. two dayB. two daysC. two-day(正确答案)D. two-days21、I saw the boy _______?the classroom. [单选题] *A. enter intoB. enter(正确答案)C. to enter intoD. to enter22、--What’s the weather like today?--It’s _______. [单选题] *A. rainB. windy(正确答案)C. sunD. wind23、I've never been to Africa, but that is the place（）. [单选题] *A. where I most want to visitB. in which I most want to visitC. I most want to visit(正确答案)D. that I want to visit it most24、57．Next week will be Lisa's birthday. I will send her a birthday present ________ post. [单选题] *A．withB．forC．by(正确答案)D．in25、It was _____ that the policy of reform and opening up came into being in China. [单选题] *A. in the 1970s(正确答案)B. in 1970sC. in the 1970s'D. in 1970's26、A modern city has sprung up in _____was a waste land ten years ago. [单选题] *A.whichB.what(正确答案)C.thatD.where27、We are living in an age（）many things are done by computer. [单选题] *A. thatB. whichC. whyD. when(正确答案)28、Tom sits _______ Mary and Jane. [单选题] *A. amongB. between(正确答案)C. onD. next29、There _____ wrong with my radio. [单选题] *A. are somethingB. are anythingC. is anythingD. is something(正确答案)30、We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let's have _____ one this month. [单选题] *A.otherB.the otherC.moreD.another(正确答案)。
桂林理工大学《基础英语（1）》2020-2021学年第一学期期末试卷课程名称：基础英语（1）专业：英语班级：英语 2020 级考试形式：闭卷考试满分：100 分---注意事项：1. 本试卷共四部分，总分 100 分。
考试时间为 120 分钟。
2. 请将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上的答案无效。
3. 所有题目必须回答，选择题请将正确答案的字母填在答题纸上，其余题目请将答案写清楚。
---第一部分选择题（共 20 题，每题 2 分，共 40 分）1. 下面哪个单词的发音与其他三个不同（）A. catB. hatC. matD. bat2. 选择正确的时态：She _______ to the market yesterday. ( )A. goB. goesC. wentD. gone3. “Thank you”的合适回复是（）A. You’re welcomeB. Yes, pleaseC. No, thank youD. Maybe4. 在以下句子中，哪一个是正确的（）A. He don’t like ice cream.B. He doesn’t likes ice cream.C. He doesn’t like ice cream.D. He not like ice cream.5. 选择正确的词填空：This is the book _______ I bought last week. ( )A. whoB. whichC. whatD. whose6. 下面哪个单词的拼写是错误的（）A. beautifulB. receiveC. occurrD. definitely7. 选择正确的短语：I am interested _______ learning languages. ( )A. atB. onC. inD. to8. 下面哪个句子是疑问句（）A. She is going to school.B. Is she going to school?C. She goes to school.D. She went to school.9. 选择适当的连词：I like coffee, _______ I don’t like tea. ( )A. butB. andC. soD. or10. 选择正确的介词：He will arrive _______ 5 o’clock. ( )A. inB. onC. atD. by11. 下面哪个句子是被动语态（）A. The cake was eaten by John.B. John ate the cake.C. John is eating the cake.D. John will eat the cake.12. 选择合适的形容词：She is the _______ girl in the class. ( )A. clevererB. cleverestC. more cleverD. most clever13. 选择正确的形式：If it _______ tomorrow, we will stay at home. ( )A. rainB. rainsC. rainedD. raining14. 下面哪个句子是正确的（）A. I have seen him yesterday.B. I saw him yesterday.C. I seen him yesterday.D. I see him yesterday.15. 选择正确的动词形式：She _______ her homework every day. ( )A. doB. doesC. didD. doing16. 选择适当的词：He is _______ than his brother. ( )A. tallerB. tallC. more tallD. tallest17. 下面哪个句子是过去时（）A. I am happy.B. I was happy.C. I will be happy.D. I have been happy.18. 选择正确的词：My father usually _______ a newspaper in the morning. ( )A. readB. readsC. readingD. to read19. 下面哪个单词是名词（）A. runB. quicklyC. happinessD. to swim20. 选择适当的副词：She sings _______. ( )A. beautifulB. beautifullyC. more beautifulD. most beautiful---第二部分填空题（共 10 题，每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. I _______ (like) to play basketball on weekends.2. She _______ (not/go) to the party last night.3. They _______ (study) English for three years.4. Can you help me _______ (find) my keys?5. He is _______ (tall) than his sister.6. The weather is _______ (nice) today than yesterday.7. I _______ (eat) lunch when she called me.8. He always _______ (watch) TV after dinner.9. This book is _______ (interesting) than that one.10. We _______ (be) friends since childhood.---第三部分简答题（共 4 题，每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. 请简述你的一天，包括你通常的活动和作息时间。
青书学堂2019考试答案桂林理⼯⼤学⼤学英语1（⾼起专）桂林理⼯⼤学桂林理⼯⼤学继续教育学院【⼤学英语1】期末考试批次专业：201901-机电⼀体化技术(⾼起专)课程：⼤学英语1(⾼起专)总时长：120分钟剩余时间: 109分: 39秒1. (单选题) – I am worried about my son’s eyesight so much. –(本题2.0分)A、He always takes books so close to his eyes.B、You think too much.C、There’s nothing special.D、Maybe you can take him to have a check.2. (单选题) – So what should we do next？–(本题2.0分)A、Let’s have a cup of tea, and then discuss the plan.B、I am not clear.C、No hurry.D、I’m too busy to do anything.3. (单选题) – Would you like a cup of coffee? –(本题2.0分)A、I dislike coffee.B、It tastes terrible.C、No, thanks. I’ve had at home.D、Why not?4. (单选题) – Let’s go fishing. –(本题2.0分)A、How could you do that?B、I have no interest.C、No, are you crazy?D、I’d like that. But I can’t afford time.5. (单选题) As days went by, a deep friendship began to ( ) between them.(本题2.0分)A、becomeB、developC、comeD、stand6. (单选题) – Should I book a table in advance? –(本题2.0分)A、That’s a good idea.B、You are so cautious.C、Why do you always want to do such thing?D、Oh, forget it.7. (单选题) – I’d like you to meet Kate. –(本题2.0分)A、Yes, I’d like.B、It’s a pleasure to meet you, Kate.C、You’re welcome.D、Not at all.8. (单选题) – Let me introduce myself. I’m Philip. –(本题2.0分)A、What a pleasure.B、It’s my pleasure.C、I’m very pleased.D、Pleased to meet you.9. (单选题) Mum: Susan, come and meet aunt Amy’s daughter, Catherine. Susan: Hi, Catherine, nice to meet you. Catherine: (本题2.0分)A、Yes.B、Fine, thank you.C、Nice to meet you, too.D、It’s my pleasure.10. (单选题) – Professor, this is Jack Black, my friend. –(本题2.0分)A、Jack, how are you?B、Yes, I know.C、You’re welcome.D、My pleasure.11. (单选题) – You don’t know Jane, do you? –(本题2.0分)A、No.B、Jane? I’ve known her for years.C、Yes.D、It’s my pleasure.12. (单选题) When we learn a foreign language, we should hold that no culture is inferior ( ) the others.(本题2.0分)A、forB、toC、asD、under13. (单选题) The employee requires that he ( ) the right to know the situation of the company.(本题2.0分)A、haveB、hasC、havingD、had14. (单选题) The kids behave themselves ( ) their parents’presence.(本题2.0分)A、withB、atC、inD、on15. (单选题) In the first class in this semester, the teacher started ______ a story she experienced during the summer holiday. (本题2.0分)A、asB、atC、inD、with16. (阅读理解题)Your boss holds your future prospects in his hands. Some bosses are hard to get along with. Some have excellent qualifications but no idea when it comes to dealing with people.Of course, not all bosses are like that. The relationship you have with your boss can be a major factor in determining your rise up the career ladder. Your boss is not only your leader, he is also the person best equipped to help you do the job you are paid to do. He can inform you of company direction that may affect your professional development. Your boss also needs you to perform at your best in order to accomplish his objectives. He needs your feedback in order to provide realistic and useful reports to upper management. But how does this help you establish a meaningful working relationship with your boss? The key is communication. Learn and understand his goals and priorities. Observe and understand your boss’s work style. If he has not been clear with his expectations, ask! Likewise, ask for feedback and accept criticism gracefully. And if he understands that you do not view your job as just something to fill the hours between 9 and 5, he may be more likely to help you. In short, getting along with your boss requires getting to know his likes and dislikes and learning to work with his personality and management style.(1). (单选题) The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.(本题2.0分)A、bosses have good characterB、bosses are hard to deal withC、bosses determine your career futureD、bosses must have similar personality(2). (单选题) In the second paragraph, “rise up the career ladder” (Line 2) means ________.(本题2.0分)A、going to work abroadB、changing jobs frequentlyC、being promoted in positionD、pursuing an advanced degree(3). (单选题) In order to achieve his objectives, your boss expects that you will ________. (本题2.0分)A、do your best in your workB、show your management skillsC、get along with your colleaguesD、write reports to upper management(4). (单选题) The most important factor for establishing a good working relationship with the boss is ________.(本题2.0分)A、high expectationsB、quick feedbackC、frequent criticismD、effective communication(5). (单选题) The best title for the passage might be________. (本题2.0分)A、How to Take Care Of Your Boss.B、How to Get Along with Your BossC、How to Accept Your Boss’s CriticismD、How to Accomplish Your Boss’s Objective17. (阅读理解题)My husband is a born shopper. He loves to look at things and to touch them. He likes to compare prices between the same items（产品）in different shops. He would never think of buying anything without looking around in several different shops. On the other hand, I’m not a shopper. I think shopping is boring and unpleasant. If I like something and I have enough money to take it, I buy it at once. I never look around for a good price or a better deal. Of course my husband and I never go shopping together. Doing shopping together would be too painful for both of us. When it comes to shopping, we go our different ways. Sometimes I ask my son Jimmy to buy some food in the shop not far from our home. But he is always absent-minded. This was his story. One day I said to him, “I hope you won’t forget whatI have told you to buy,”“No,” said Jimmy. “I won’t forget. You want three oranges, six eggs and a pound of meat.” In the beginning he remembered everything but he stopped several times. Once he saw two men fighting outside a clothes shop until a policeman stopped them. One of them was badly hurt. Then he stopped to give ten cents to a beggar. Then he met some of his friends and he played with them for a while. When he reached the shop, he had forgotten everything except six eggs. As he walked home, his face became sadder and sadder. When he saw me he said, “I’m sorry, mum. I have forgotten to buy oranges and the meat.I only remembered to buy six eggs, but I’ve dropped three of them.”(1). (单选题) The husband loves shopping because _______.(本题2.0分)A、he has much moneyB、he likes the shopsC、he likes to compare the prices between the same itemsD、he has nothing to do but shopping(2). (单选题) The wife doesn’t like shopping because_______.(本题2.0分)A、she has no moneyB、she has no timeC、she doesn’t love her husbandD、she feels it boring to go shopping(3). (单选题) They never go shopping together because_______.(本题2.0分)A、their ways of shopping are quite differentB、they hate each otherC、they needn’t buy anything for the familyD、they don’t have time for it(4). (单选题) Jimmy can’t do the shopping well because__________________.(本题2.0分)A、he is youngB、he is absent-mindedC、he often loses his moneyD、he doesn’t like shopping(5). (单选题) Jimmy didn’t buy what his mother wanted because _______________.(本题2.0分)A、the shop was closed that dayB、the policeman stopped himC、he forgot some of themD、he gave all the money to the beggar18. (阅读理解题)Some people seem to think that sports and games are unimportant things that people do at times when they are not working, instead of going to the cinema, listening to the radio, or sleeping. But in fact sports and games can be of great value, especially to people who work with their brains. They should not be treated only as amusements. Sports and games build our bodies, prevent us from gaining weight, and keep us healthy. But these are not their only uses. They give us valuable practice in helping the eyes, brain and muscles to work together. In table tennis, the eyes see the ball coming, judge its speed and direction, and pass this information on to the brain. The brain then has to decide what to do, and sends its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs, and so on, so that the ball is met and hit back where the player wants it to go. All this must happen at very great speed, and only those who have had a lot of practice at table tennis can do this successfully. For those who work with their brains, the practice of such skills is especially useful. Sports and games are also very useful for character training. In their lessons at school, boys and girls may learn about such virtues as selflessness, courage, discipline and love of one’s country, but what is learnedin books cannot have the same deep effect on a child’s character as what is learned through experience. The ordinary school cannot give much practical training in living, because most of the students’ time is spent in classes, studying lessons. So what the students do in their spare time is of great importance. If each of them learns to go all out for his team and not for himself on the sports field, he will later find it natural to work for the good of society and for the good of his country.(1). (单选题) Which of the following can be used to best explain the first sentence in the first paragraph?(本题2.0分)A、In some people’s eyes, sports and games are just as unimportant as going to the cinema, listening to the radio, or sleeping.B、Some people hold the view that when they have spare time they would like to go to the cinema, listen to the radio, or sleep.C、According to some people, sports and games are unimportant things they do in their spare time, something they do when they do not go to the cinema, listen to the radio, or sleep.D、All of the above(2). (单选题) According to this passage, sports and games are helpful in the following aspects, EXCEPT ____________.(本题2.0分)A、health, character trainingB、keeping people’s figureC、making people strongD、wealth(3). (单选题) The author, in the second paragraph, describes in detail how to play table tennis. He wants to show____________.(本题2.0分)A、that he is good at plying table tennisB、that he knows a lot about table tennis playingC、that playing table tennis is quite complex, so only those with a lot practice can play it.D、that playing table tennis is quite complex, so it is helpful to our eyes, brain and muscles working together.(4). (单选题) Sports and games can be useful for character training, because ____________.(本题2.0分)A、in text books there is nothing about character training.B、students easily forget what they learn from text books.C、what students learn in practice have deep influenceD、students spend most of their time in classes.(5). (单选题) What is the main idea of this passage?(本题2.0分)A、Sports and games are unimportant things.B、The values of sports and games.C、Sports and games can make us strong.D、Sports and games can develop our characters.19. (阅读理解题)In writing assignments in English classes my students frequently raise the topic of friendship. Reading what they write, I start to understand Chinese friendship obligations. Chinese can usually expect more from their friends than Americans can. For instance, once a student wrote that she understood that her friend wanted to go shopping. My student was busy and really had no time to do that, but she kept silent, put her work aside and went shopping with her friend. This is quite different from what American young people would say about friendship. In the U.S. you feel free to ask your friend for help, but you recognize that the friend may say no, if they give you a reason. A friend in China is someone who, sensing that you are in need in some way, offers to assist you without waiting to be asked. In China there are few limits on what you can ask or expect of a friend. Another difference is that Chinese expect friendships to be more lasting.They think a true friendship is a relationship that endures through changes in the lives of the friends. In the U.S. a person is likely to change even “best friends” several times over the years. Even the relationship in which people feel close emotionally and tell each other their secrets and personal problems may not survive life changes such as a move to another city, graduation from university, a significant change in economic circumstances, or the marriage of one of the friends.I think the reason is that friendship, like so many other relationships in the U.S. including marriage, depends on frequent interaction with the other person. If the people involved do not see each other and interact regularly, the relationship is likely to fade and die.(1). (单选题) What may an American girl do if she is busy when her friend asks her to go shopping?(本题2.0分)A、She may keep silent.B、She may put her work aside and go shopping with her friend.C、She may say no, giving reasons.D、she may help you without waiting to be asked.(2). (单选题) Which of the following statements is true?(本题2.0分)A、Chinese people don’t feel free to ask their friends for help.B、Chinese people always try to help their friends without being asked.C、Americans wouldn’t offer help when you ask.D、Americans always say no to their friends.(3). (单选题) Which of the following sayings can properly describe Chinese friendship?(本题2.0分)A、 A friend in need is a friend indeed.B、Love me, love my dog.C、Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.D、None of the above.(4). (单选题) According to the passage, why are Americans likely to change their friends several times over the years?(本题2.0分)A、Because this is their nature.B、Because they don’t have best friends all through their lives.C、Because American friendship depends on frequent interaction with the other person.D、Because American friendship is to fade and die.(5). (单选题) What is the most proper title for this passage?(本题2.0分)A、Chinese FriendshipB、American FriendshipC、FriendshipD、Friendship in China and America20. (阅读理解题)Cloze：Most parents, I suppose, have had the experience of reading a bedtimeworst possible interest in literature.Just leave a child in bookshopimaginative way, or have a look at most children's comics, full of the storiesparents.Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwashstory.(1). (单选题) （1）(本题1.0分)A、hopedB、realizedC、toldD、said(2). (单选题) （2）(本题1.0分)A、shortB、longC、badD、good(3). (单选题) （3）(本题1.0分)A、easyB、shortC、highD、difficult(4). (单选题) （4）(本题1.0分)A、andB、butC、orD、so(5). (单选题) （5）(本题1.0分)A、bothB、neitherC、eitherD、very(6). (单选题) （6）(本题1.0分)A、childB、fatherC、motherD、teacher(7). (单选题) （7）(本题1.0分)A、hearsB、buys。
桂林理工大学学士学位英语考试题型1、Our school is beautiful. How about _______? [单选题] *A. theirs(正确答案)B. theirC. theyD. them2、( ) They have_____ useful dictionary. They want to lend it___ us. [单选题] *A. an; forB. a; fromC. an; toD. a; to(正确答案)3、9．There will be a lot of activities at English Festival nest month. Which one would you like to ________? [单选题] *A．take part in (正确答案)B．joinC．attendD．go4、--Which is Tom?--He is _______ of the two boys. [单选题] *A. tallB. tallerC. the taller(正确答案)D. the tallest5、Mrs. Green has given us some _______ on how to study English well. [单选题] *A. practiceB. newsC. messagesD. suggestions(正确答案)6、Have you done something _______ on the weekends? [单选题] *A. special(正确答案)B. soreC. convenientD. slim7、It was difficult to guess what her_____to the news would be. [单选题] *A.impressionmentC.reaction(正确答案)D.opinion8、A modern city has sprung up in _____was a waste land ten years ago. [单选题] *A.whichB.what(正确答案)C.thatD.where9、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)10、--Whose _______ are these?? ? ? --I think they are John·s. [单选题] *A. keyB. keyesC. keys(正确答案)D. keies11、13．________ it rains heavily outside, Lily wants to meet her children at once. [单选题]* A．IfB．Although (正确答案)C．WhenD．Because.12、—______?—He can do kung fu.（）[单选题] *A. What does Eric likeB. Can Eric do kung fuC. What can Eric do(正确答案)D. Does Eric like kung fu13、My brother usually _______ his room after school. But now he _______ soccer. [单选题] *A. cleans; playsB. cleaning; playingC. cleans; is playing(正确答案)D. cleans; is playing the14、Allen is looking forward to _______ his American partner at the trade fair. [单选题] *A. meetB. meeting(正确答案)C. be meetingD. having meeting15、I live a very quiet and peaceful life. [单选题] *A. 宁静的(正确答案)B. 舒适的C. 和平的D. 浪漫的16、Whatever difficulties you have, you should not _______ your hope. [单选题] *A. give inB. give outC. give up(正确答案)D. give back17、Nearly two thousand years have passed _____ the Chinese first invented the compass. [单选题] *A. whenC. since(正确答案)D. after18、——Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? ——Im afraid（）of them is possible. [单选题] *A.neither(正确答案)B. eitherC. noneD.both19、Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night, but his parents don’t allow him ______ so. （）[单选题] *A. doB. doneC. to do(正确答案)D. doing20、30．I want to find ______ and make much money. [单选题] *A．worksB．jobC．a job(正确答案)21、92．China is a big country ________ a long history. [单选题] *A．hasB．haveC．with(正确答案)D．there is22、The paper gives a detailed（）of how to create human embryos (胚胎)by cloning. [单选题] *A. intentionB. description(正确答案)C. affectionD. effort23、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so24、No writer will be considered（）of the name until he writes a work. [单选题] *A. worthlessB. worthy(正确答案)C. worthwhileD. worth25、I do not have my own room,_____. [单选题] *A. neither does Tom(正确答案)B. neither has TomC. so does TomD. so has Tom26、14．Builders have pulled down many old houses, and they will build a lot of new ________. [单选题] *A．ones (正确答案)B．oneC．the onesD．the one27、56．Sam is in a hurry. Maybe he has got ________ important to do. [单选题] *A．everythingB．nothingC．anythingD．something(正确答案)28、We had a(an)_____with him about this problem last night. [单选题] *A.explanationB.impressionC.exhibitionD.discussion(正确答案)29、____ wants to see you. [单选题] *A. Somebody(正确答案)B. AnybodyC. All the peopleD. No people30、He has bought an unusual car. [单选题] *A. 平常的B. 异常的(正确答案)C. 漂亮的D. 废弃的。
桂林理工大学《基础英语（3）》2020-2021学年第二学期期末试卷课程名称：基础英语（3）专业：英语班级：英语2020级考试形式：闭卷考试满分：100分---Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. The little girl is very _____ . She is quick to learn new things.A. abundantB. essentialC. intelligentD. fortunate2. The old friends had a very _____ conversation and talked for hours.A. occasionalB. animatedC. consciousD. aggressive3. A balanced _____ is important for maintaining good health.A. basketB. ticketC. blanketD. diet4. These two countries have a close _____ relationship and often help each other.A. allyB. alienC. alarmD. album5. The conference will _____ experts from different fields to share their knowledge.A. bring outB. bring togetherC. bring aboutD. bring forward6. Tom likes to _____ his younger brother because he thinks it's funny.A. estimateB. establishC. teaseD. treasure7. The company's financial problems are having a major _____ on employee morale.A. impactB. visionC. passionD. motion8. After a long day of hiking, the group was _____ and needed to rest.A. greedyB. exhaustedC. crowdedD. excited9. The police are still searching for the _____ of the crime.A. definitionB. descriptionC. destinationD. suspect10. Jack decided to _____ smoking because it was bad for his health.A. quitB. qualifyC. quoteD. questionPart II Cloze (30 points, 2 points for each)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.The Internet has become an essential part of our daily lives. We use it for communication, entertainment, shopping, and much more. __1__ the Internet has brought many benefits, it has also __2__ some challenges and concerns.One of the main concerns is __3__ to personal information. When we use the Internet, we often __4__ personal data such as our name, address, and credit card details. This information can be __5__ by hackers or criminals who can then use it for __6__ purposes.Another challenge is the spread of __7__ information and fake news. With so much information available online, it can be __8__ to distinguish between what is true and what is false. This can __9__ to confusion and misunderstandings.__10__, the Internet has also had an impact on social interactions and relationships. While social media can help us stay connected with friends andfamily, it can also __11__ to feelings of isolation and loneliness. Some people may __12__ more time online than interacting with people in real life.Despite these challenges, the Internet has also brought many __13__. It has made communication and access to information much easier and more __14__. It has also created new opportunities for learning, business, and __15__.In conclusion, while the Internet has brought both benefits and challenges, it is clear that it has become an integral part of modern life.1. A. Unless B. Since C. Although D. Until2. A. created B. reduced C. predicted D. ignored3. A. right B. threat C. access D. guide4. A. hide B. forget C. provide D. remove5. A. stolen B. found C. created D. shared6. A. specific B. personal C. general D. illegal7. A. real B. useful C. misleading D. interesting8. A. sufficient B. surprising C. disappointing D. difficult9. A. move B. add C. lead D. listen10. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Instead11. A. turn B. lead C. refuse D. pretend12. A. cost B. spend C. enjoy D. save13. A. benefits B. methods C. skills D. products14. A. convenient B. expensive C. popular D. dangerous15. A. crime B. innovation C. pollution D. competitionPart III Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage 1In recent years, there has been growing interest in the concept of emotional intelligence (EI). EI refers to the ability to perceive, understand, and manage one's own emotions and the emotions of others. Research suggests that people with high EI tend to be more successful in both their personal and professional lives.One key aspect of EI is self-awareness. This involves being able to recognize and understand one's own emotions and how they impact behavior. People with high self-awareness are better able to manage their emotions and respond appropriately to different situations.Another important component of EI is empathy. This refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. People with high empathy are able to build strong relationships and communicate effectively with others.EI also involves the ability to motivate oneself and persevere in the face of challenges. People with high EI are often more resilient and able to bounce back from setbacks. They are also skilled at managing stress and maintaining a positive outlook.Developing EI requires practice and self-reflection. Some strategies for improving EI include practicing mindfulness, setting goals, and seeking feedback from others. By developing their EI, individuals can improve their relationships, increase their resilience, and achieve greater success in their personal and professional lives.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The definition of successB. The importance of professional skillsC. The concept of emotional intelligenceD. The impact of stress on behavior2. According to the passage, what is one benefit of having high self-awareness?A. Being able to recognize others' emotionsB. Responding appropriately to different situationsC. Communicating effectively with othersD. Maintaining a positive outlook3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a component of emotional intelligence?A. Self-awarenessB. Physical fitnessC. EmpathyD. Motivation4. What does the word "resilient" in the fourth paragraph most likely mean?A. IntelligentB. AdaptableC. AmbitiousD. Sympathetic5. According to the passage, how can individuals improve their emotional intelligence?A. By focusing on their physical healthB. By avoiding challenging situationsC. By seeking feedback from othersD. By ignoring their own emotionsPassage 2In the modern world, the Internet has become an indispensable tool for education. It provides students with access to a wealth of information and resources that were previously unavailable. However, the use of the Internet in education also presents some challenges that need to be addressed.One of the main advantages of using the Internet in education is that it allows for more personalized learning. Students can access materials that are tailored to their individual needs and learning styles. They can also work at their own pace and review content as needed.Another benefit is that the Internet facilitates collaboration and communication. Students can work together on projects and assignments, even if they are not in the same physical location. They can also communicate with their teachers and peers through various online platforms.However, there are also some drawbacks to using the Internet in education. Oneconcern is that students may become too reliant on technology and may not develop important skills such as critical thinking and problem-solving. There is also a risk of students accessing inappropriate or inaccurate information online.To address these challenges, it is important for educators to provide guidance and support to students as they navigate the online world. This may involve teaching students how to evaluate the credibility of online sources and how to use technology responsibly. By doing so, educators can help students make the most of the opportunities provided by the Internet while also mitigating the potential risks.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Internet is an essential tool for modern education.B. The Internet should be avoided in educational settings.C. The Internet is more effective than traditional teaching methods.D. The Internet can be both beneficial and challenging when used in education.7. According to the passage, what is one advantage of using the Internet in education?A. It eliminates the need for teachers.B. It ensures that all students learn at the same pace.C. It allows for more personalized learning.D. It prevents students from collaborating with each other.8. What does the word "facilitates" in the third paragraph most likely mean?A. PreventsB. ComplicatesC. Slows downD. Makes easier9. According to the passage, what is one potential drawback of using the Internet in education?A. Students may become too reliant on technology.B. Students may develop stronger critical thinking skills.C. Students may prefer to work independently.D. Students may communicate too much with their teachers.10. What does the passage suggest educators should do to help students use the Internet effectively?A. Limit students' access to online resources.B. Encourage students to access inappropriate information.C. Provide guidance and support to students.D. Allow students to navigate the online world independently.Passage 3In today's fast-paced world, it's easy to get caught up in the daily grind and forget to take a step back and appreciate the simple things in life. However, research suggests that taking the time to practice gratitude can have a significant impact on our overall well-being and happiness.Gratitude is the practice of recognizing and appreciating the good things in our lives. It involves shifting our focus from what we lack to what we have. By doing so, we can cultivate a more positive outlook and improve our mental health.One way to practice gratitude is to keep a gratitude journal. This involves writing down a few things that you are thankful for each day. These can be big things, like a supportive family or a fulfilling career, or small things, like a delicious meal or a beautiful sunset.Another way to cultivate gratitude is to express it to others. This can involve thanking someone for their help or kindness, or simply letting them know that you appreciate them. By expressing gratitude, we can strengthen our relationships and spread positivity to those around us.Practicing gratitude has been shown to have numerous benefits for mentalhealth. It can reduce stress and anxiety, improve sleep, and boost self-esteem. It can also help us build resilience and cope with difficult situations more effectively.In a world that often focuses on negativity and stress, practicing gratitude can be a simple yet powerful way to improve our well-being and find greater happiness in our daily lives.11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Expressing gratitude can be challenging in today's world.B. Keeping a gratitude journal is the most effective way to practice gratitude.C. Practicing gratitude can improve mental health and well-being.D. Gratitude is a natural human emotion that requires no effort.12. According to the passage, what does practicing gratitude involve?A. Focusing on what we lack in lifeB. Ignoring the simple things in lifeC. Recognizing and appreciating the good things in lifeD. Comparing ourselves to others13. What is one way to practice gratitude mentioned in the passage?A. Keeping a diary of negative experiencesB. Expressing frustration to othersC. Writing down things you are thankful for each dayD. Avoiding relationships with others14. According to the passage, what is one benefit of expressing gratitude to others?A. It can weaken relationships.B. It can lead to increased stress and anxiety.C. It can create a sense of obligation.D. It can spread positivity and strengthen relationships.15. What does the word "resilience" in the fifth paragraph most likely mean?A. The ability to resist changeB. The ability to recover from difficultiesC. The ability to avoid challengesD. The ability to maintain perfectionPart IV Translation (10 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.1. 随着科技的进步，人工智能正在改变我们的生活方式。
桂林理工大学英语语言文学真题1、—______ do you pay for it? —Over the Internet. （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. How muchC. How(正确答案)D. When2、The manager demanded that all employees _____ on time. [单选题] *A. be(正确答案)B. areC. to beD. would be3、85．You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] * A．take(正确答案)B．takingC．tookD．to take4、17．Joe is a good student and he is busy ______ his studies every day. [单选题] *A．inB．with(正确答案)C．byD．for5、If you don’t feel well, you’d better ask a ______ for help. [单选题] *A. policemanB. driverC. pilotD. doctor(正确答案)6、( ) My mother told me _____ in bed. [单选题] *A. not readB. not readingC. don’t readD. not to read(正确答案)7、38．—Do you have ________else to say for your mistake?—________but sorry. [单选题] * A．anything; SomethingB．something; EverythingC．anything; Nothing(正确答案)D．something; Anything8、She talks too much; you’ll be glad when you’re free of her. [单选题] *A. 与她自由交谈B. 离开她(正确答案)C. 受她的控制D. 与她在一起9、40．—________ apples do we need to make fruit salad?—Let me think…We need three apples. [单选题] *A．How longB．How oftenC．How muchD．How many(正确答案)10、He spoke too fast, and we cannot follow him. [单选题] *A. 追赶B. 听懂(正确答案)C. 抓住D. 模仿11、This girl is my best friend, Wang Hui. ______ English name is Jane.（）[单选题] *A. HeB. HisC. SheD. Her(正确答案)12、He always ______ the teacher carefully in class. [单选题] *A. listensB. listens to(正确答案)C. hearsD. hears of13、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried14、How I wish I（）to repair the watch! I only made it worse. [单选题] *A. had triedB. hadn't tried(正确答案)C. have triedD.didn't try15、17．—When ________ they leave here?—Tomorrow morning. [单选题] *A．doB．will(正确答案)C．doesD．are16、_______ clever boy he is! [单选题] *A. What a(正确答案)B. WhatC. HowD. How a17、--_______ I borrow these magazines?--Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed. [单选题] *A. MustC. May(正确答案)D. Need18、The organization came into being in 1 [单选题] *A. 开始策划B. 进行改组C. 解散D. 成立于(正确答案)19、He usually ________ at 6:30 a.m. [单选题] *A. gets toB. gets up(正确答案)C. gets overD. gets in20、This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. [单选题] *A. howB. whichC. that(正确答案)21、--Henry treats his secretary badly.--Yes. He seems to think that she is the _______ important person in the office. [单选题] *A. littleB. least(正确答案)C. lessD. most22、54．—________?—Yes, please. I'd like some beef. [单选题] *A．What do you wantB．May I try it onC．Can I help you(正确答案)D．What else do you want23、31．A key ring is used __________ holding the keys. [单选题] *A．toB．inC．for (正确答案)D．with24、How many subjects are you _______ this year? [单选题] *A. takesB. takeC. taking(正确答案)D. took25、68．—How ________ apples do you want?—I want two kilos. How ________ are they?—They are 5 yuan. [单选题] *A．much; manyB．many; much(正确答案)C．many; manyD．much; much26、Bill Gates is often thought to be the richest man in the world. _____, his personal life seems not luxury. [单选题] *A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. However(正确答案)D. Besides27、--Can I _______ your dictionary?--Sorry, I’m using it. [单选题] *A. borrow(正确答案)B. lendC. keepD. return28、I got caught in the rain and my suit____. [单选题] *A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruined(正确答案)D. had been ruined29、25．—I ______ Beijing for a holiday.—________. [单选题] * A．will go；GoodbyeB．will go；Have a good time(正确答案)C．will go to；Have a good timeD．am going to；Have a fun30、They were both born _______ March, 1 [单选题] *A. in(正确答案)B. atC. onD. since。
桂林理工大学2019年博士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：2011 科目名称：材料科学基础
注意：1、本试卷满分为100分，考试时间为180分钟。
2、答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
1、硅酸盐晶体结构分类依据是什么？可分为哪几类？每类的结构特点是什
么？（15分）
2、为什么说材料的化学键与电子结构是决定其晶体结构和物理性能的最基
本因素？（15分）
3、根据相变的机理可以将相变划分成哪些类型？相变的推动力是什么？
（15分）
4、何为表面张力和表面能？在固态和液态这两者有何差别？（15分）
5、烧结的推动力是什么？烧结过程分为几个阶段，各阶段的特征是什么？
（20分）
6、试说明固溶体的类型及其对材料性能的影响。
（20分）。
桂林理工大学2021年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语（总分100分，三小时答完）考生注意：请将答题内容直接写在试题纸上Part I Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.（每小题0.5分，共10分）1.The Chinese leader publicly advocated the cooperation of all the countries in the world.A.opposedB.supportedC.announcedD.proclaimed2.The baby mice are at their most vulnerable shortly after birth,when they are often attacked by birds of prey.A.defensiveB.well-protectedC.ill-protectedD.offensive3.There were long flames on the sky,which made people speculate on the whereabouts of the fire.A.guessB.discussC.analyzeD.ponder4.The government sees price controls as a way to combat economic depression.A.slow downB.preventC.stopD.fight5.Agriculturalists are attempting to breed a new disease-resistant type of corn.A.produceB.inventC.placeD.nourish6.She confined herself to using the phone only once a day because the phone bill had been too high.A.allowedB.controlledC.restrictedD.restrained7.Someone shouted“fire!”and in the ensuing panic several people were injured.A.previousB.followingC.suddenD.terrible8.They plan to walk to the South Pole,using sledges to haul their supplies as Scott had done.A.carryB.loadC.pullD.send9.It’s unbelievable how quickly bad news gets round,isn’t it?A.spreadB.are inventedC.are relatedD.are distorted10.If you can give a legitimate explanation for your mistake,I won’t blame you.A.detailedB.simpleC.trueD.reasonable11.The duke’s daughter became mute after a shock.A.dumbB.silentC.speechlessD.wordless12.The police officer probed his body from top to bottom,suspecting him of drug trafficking.A.searchedB.exploredC.investigatedD.examined13.Helicopters with searchlights swept the park which was sealed off.A.cleaned with a long-handled brushB.spread quickly throughC.moved across steadily from side to sideD.stretched out in a long,wide,curved shape14.The plane was flying normally for about15minutes before a warning light started blinking.A.opened very quicklyB.happened very quicklyC.turned onD.flashed on and off15.The top half of the door to his office was of frosted glass.A.covered with something like frostB.covered with icingC.roughened and thus not clearD.with the surface covered with frost16.Quite by accident,she came up with a brilliantly simple solution.A.by chanceB.in an accidentC.through an accidentD.through deliberation17.“I’m writing a novel,”the young man declared loftily.A.noblyB.self-importantlyC.ironicallyD.noticeably18.I love listening to Jazz music.I find it very soothing,especially when I’ve had a hard day.A.sweetB.touchingfortingD.soft19.Her resignation will do little to inspire confidence in a company that is already struggling for survival.A.restoreB.motivateC.gainD.give20.He tried hard to suppress his anger and resentment,but finally he lost his temper.A.hold backB.surpassC.disguiseD.hidePart II Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the parenthesis.（每小题1分，共20分）1.After all he has done for us,it would be very________of us if we didn’t do this for him now.(grateful)2.Although I was quite sure that she has stolen my watch,I could not find any_________.(evident)3.Gerald has__________failed his driving test again.(fortune)4.This necklace is not simply costly;it is________.(value)5.This coat is too short for me.Do you think you could________it a little?(long)6.The hurricane caused terrible_______along the coast.(destroy)7.It is said the100％iron is________.(rust)8.There has been a________interest in the function of the Internet in distance education.(continue)9.This economic recession is a timely_____of the threat that a market economy may face.(remind)10.I have been taught to be very_____about my manners at parties.(care)11._______your child will grow up and lead her own independent life.(event)12.In agriculture,global________has intensified,leading to lower prices for many products.(compete)13.I had a father who continued a tradition of love with a________of spirit.(generous)14.Hollywood suggests________houses with vast palm-fringed swimming pools.(luxury)15.In those days Hollywood was like a magnet,drawing______young men and women from all over the world.(ambition)16.We hardly ever go into London.Whatever we need we can buy______(local)17.When an iron object is heated in a fire,it glows red and______radiation.(emission)18.The cost of the flights,accommodation and car rental is two thousand dollars______.(include)19.With the possible________of another world war,global warming may be the single largest threat to our planet.(except)20.I feel utterly________by his refusal to take any action.(illusion)Part III Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.（每小题1分，共10分）1.Word got around about“those pants of Levi’s”and Strauss was in business._____________2.They draw no distinctions and recognize no classes:there are merely American.____________3.My purpose in writing you is to put your disappointment in perspective by considering exactly what your grade means and doesn’t mean.______________________________4.I hope to show you that your grade,taken at face value,is apt to be quite misleading._________municating in another language involves not only linguistic skills,but the ability to enter into another culture’s mentality.___________6.The door opened and a little girl stood there,peering at me._______________7.Oddly enough,the men whom he flunked did not resent it.___________8.In essence,these gases are trapping excess heat in the Earth’s atmosphere in much the same way that a windshield traps solar energy that enters a car.__________9.We are also advocating policies that will combat global warming over the long term.______________10.Hollywood’s fame and fortune reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s._____________Part IV Fill in each blank with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.(每小题2分，共10分)1.Martin's unpredictable upbringing shaped his whole life,with so many .2.Women tend to their success external causes such as assistance from friends.3.Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar,but only his health.4.The old man’s face the lines of pressure and exhaustion that have accumulated over the years.5.At the critical moment of presidential election,the candidate urged his supporters to _________.Part V Cloze （每小题1分，共20分）Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels.They also carry out research work aimed ___1___extending man's knowledge of these subjects.The emphasis given to each of these functions ___2___from university to university,according to the views of the people in ___3___and according to the resources available.The smaller and newer universities do no ___4____the staff or equipment to carry out the___5___research projects possible in larger institutions.___6___most experts agree that some research activity is ___7___to keep the staff and their students in ____8___with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to___9____the knowledge needed for their chosen ___10__.Educationists believe that this aim should not be the____11____one.Universities have always aimed to produce men and women ___12___judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge.For this reason,they___13___students to meet others with differing___14___and to read widely to ___15___their understanding in many fields of study.___16___a secondary school course,a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own___17___.He should be prepared to ___18___sacrifices to study his chosen ___19__in depth.He should have an ambition to make some ___20___contribution to man's knowledge.1.A)at B)by C)to D)in2.A)turns B)ranges C)moves D)varies3.A)prospect B)place C)control D)favor4.A)occupy B)possess C)involve D)spare5.A)maximum B)medium C)virtual D)vast6.A)But B)As C)While D)For7.A)natural B)essential C)functional D)optionalattribute…to address oneself to prior to at the expense of brand with hang together ups and downs attach...to8.A)coordination B)accordance C)touch D)grasp9.A)acquire B)accept C)endure D)ensure10.A)procession B)profession C)possession D)preference11.A)typical B)true C)mere D)only12.A)with B)under C)on D)through13.A)prompt B)provoke C)encourage D)anticipate14.A)histories B)expressions C)interests D)curiosities15.A)broaden B)lengthen C)enforce D)specify16.A)Amid B)Over C)After D)Upon17.A)object B)effect C)course D)sake18.A)take B)suffer C)make D)pay19.A)field B)target C)scope D)goal20.A)radical B)meaningful C)truthful D)initialPart VI Writing.(每小题30分，共30分)Directions：Write a composition in250words on the following topic with a clear thesis statement and effective supporting arguments.Academic Study and Extracurricular Activities桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语（总分100分，三小时答完）考生注意：请将答题内容直接写在试题纸上Part I Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.（每小题0.5分，共10分）1. I’m awfully sorry to have delayed answering your letter because of pressure of work.A. extendedB. stoppedC. postponedD. changed2. The theatre has been forced to beg for donation in order to keep it running.A.settleB. applyC. lookD. ask3. The fire in the office block was eventually brought under control.A. expectedlyB. finallyC. successfullyD. completely4. Sea snakes inject a poison so strong that it kills a fish instantly.A. effortlesslyB. easilyC. immediatelyD. finally5. When everyone was busy talking I slipped away.A. ran hurriedlyB. fell down on the groundC. left quietlyD. tiptoed6. Marx offered a profound analysis of the economic crisis.A. successfulB. correctC. deepD. final7. He gazed with longing and expectation into the future.A. wonderB. indifferenceC. desireD. curiosity8. The horse relaxed, and the rider slackened the rein.A. tightenedB. untiedC. fastenedD. loosened9. Don’t drag that table across the room, you’ll scratch the floor!A. tearB. pullC. drawD. push10. Mr. Brown is someone all the students look up to.A. missB. respectC. fearD. treat11. Don’t bother your boss with such unimportant matters.A. unworthyB. stupidC. optionalD. petty12. Barack Obama’s victory in the American presidential election was overwhelming.A. importantB. greatC. timelyD. unexpected13. Why are the contents of the next person’s shopping trolley always more alluring than one’s own?A. dissuasiveB. scaryC. attractiveD. constructive14. There is a slight difference in meaning between the two books.A. hugeB. subtleC. moderateD. gigantic15. She gradually perceived that her parents had been right.A. noticedB. knewC. acceptedD. realized16. He hated the war so much that he decided to leave the army for good.A. permanentlyB. for himselfC. for a short whileD. temporarily17. The answer had come to him in a flash.A. afterwardB. very quicklyC. in a glanceD. in a hurry18. The word “Hack” is a term of the technology culture which has come into existence over thepast few decades.A. come into beingB. widely usedC. become rareD. come forward19. The director has confessed himself puzzled by the company’s losses.A. toldB. acknowledgedC. comfortedD. reminded20. It’s downright impossible to finish the task in two days.A. downwardB. possiblyC. completelyD. perfectlyPart II Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the parenthesis. （每小题1分，共20分）1. This is Jim, my personal _________. (assist)2. Although I was quite sure that she has stolen my wallet, I could not find any__________. (prove)3. Completely exhausted, the soldiers could hardly walk any______. (far)4. Without your _________ he would never have been able to do it. (encourage)5. I haven’t received any pay rise for 3 years; I think all the other ______ have the same experience. (employ)6. The _______ of the money from the cash-box show that somebody in this office is a thief. ( appear)7. When I asked her about where she wanted to hold the meeting, she didn’t express any particular ________(prefer)8. Who can ______me that I’m wrong? (assurance)9. We should work out a global________ to develop our markets. ( strategically)10. After long________, she decided to turn down the job offer. (deliberate)11. She couldn’t stand the _________ and unfriendliness in the office so she decided to resign. ( compete)12. As a typical ______, he never took any noon nap. ( workaholism)13. Everyone among his friends and colleagues knew it _________.(instant)14. He worked himself to death, finally and ________, at 3:00 a.m. Sunday morning. (precise)15. They would depart ________as if leaving the crime scene without calling the police. (reluctance)16. Every house in this area is ________ against fire and theft.(insurance)17. It is _________ that none of them got invitation to the party. ( regret)18. It never _______ to me that he was a two-faced snobbish person. (occurrence)19. The of human species has been a long process. (evolve)20. How often do we__________people on how well they look, or express our appreciation fortheir’ kindness? (complimentary)Part III Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words （每小题1分，共10分）1.It’s no wonder that, despite their carefree facade, they are often confused, uncertain and troubled. ___________.2.If our parents didn’t get them for us, we felt our world fall apart. _________3.We slipped away to L.A. to tie the knot. _______4.Given that I’m color-blinded, it’s nearly impossible for me to become a driver. ________5.Conferences and business meetings around the world are held in English, regardless of whether anyone present is a native English speaker. __________6.The door opened and a little girl stood there, peering at me. _________7.In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. _________8.Unfortunately, integrity is in short supply today. _________9.Phil was a Type A, a heart-attack natural. ___________10.It is, in short, an agreeable, easy place to go about one’s business on foot. _______Part IV Fill in each blank with a word or phrase taken from the box. (每小题1分，共10分)1.2.A: Have you heard form Joan?B: No, I got a letter from her - when was it?- Oh, it must have been _____.3.A: Have you read any good books_______?B: Well, I’ve_____ finished the novel borrowed from library.4.Michael left for America in the 1980s. He_____ found a job and got married. It was only ______ that he managed to come back to Europe.5.When my father retires, he will______ move to his country cottage. _______ he will sell his town flat and settle in the country.6.I’ve only seen the mayor________, when he visited the local hospital.7.He’s _______ been working at night.Part V Explain in your own words the following sentences（每小题3分，共30分）1.In the United States we have become so habituated to using the car for everything that it doesn’t occur to us to unfurl our legs and see what those lower limbs can do.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.He had no outside “extracurricular interests,” unless, of course, you think about a monthly golf game that way.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Popularity was not so important: running with the crowd was no longer a law of survival.________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The god of mirth is paying us back for all those years of thinking fun was everywhere by refusing to come to our party.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs?________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.________________________________________________________________________________ 7.When you know you are right, you can’t back down.________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Integrity means having a personal standard of morality and ethics that does not sell out to expediency.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.When young, you are apt to be obsessed with your appearance._______________________________________________________________________________ 10.I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Part VI Writing. (每小题20分，共20分)Directions：Write a composition in 250 words with a clear thesis statement and effective supporting arguments.The Virtues of Growing Up。
2019年英语考博听力原文1. Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark theletter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet.2. Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following 5 conversations.Conversation 1。
Man: I'm so sorry to tell you this, but you are not getting the job.Woman: Thank you for your time.Question 26: What is the woman's reaction to the news?(A) She is angry.(B) She is disappointed.(C) She is sarcastic.(D) She is understanding.Conversation 2。
Woman: How are things going with the new house?Man: It's great. I'm really enjoying it.Woman: I'm so glad to hear that.Question 27: What is the man's attitude towards the new house?(A) He is indifferent to it.(B) He is enthusiastic about it.(C) He is resentful towards it.(D) He is suspicious of it.Conversation 3。
博士研究生入学考试专业课真题 2019年桂林理工大学考博专业课真题
桂林理工大学2019年博士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：3013 科目名称：结晶学
注意：1、本试卷满分为100分，考试时间为180分钟。
2、答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
1、解释对称的概念，简要说明存在哪几种宏观对称要素。
（15分）
2、在晶体形核生长过程当中涉及哪两种能量变化？只有满足何种条件的晶
核才能稳定长大？（15分）
3、等大球最紧密堆积有哪两种基本形式？存在哪两种空隙？（15分）
4、什么是配位数？常见的配位数数值有哪些？（15分）
5、简要说明晶体生长的两种主要生长理论模型。
（20分）
6、晶体的极射赤平投影的目的是什么？请将左图的所有晶面投影到极射赤
平投影圆中。
（20分）。
博士研究生入学考试专业课真题 2019年桂林理工大学考博专业课真题
桂林理工大学2019年博士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：3011 科目名称：高分子化学
注意：1、本试卷满分为100分，考试时间为180分钟。
2、答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题上无效。
1、简述自由基聚合的特征。
（10分）
2、已知在苯乙烯单体中加入少量乙醇进行聚合时，所得聚苯乙烯的分子量
比一般本体聚合要低，但当乙醇量增加到一定程度后，所得到的聚苯乙烯的分子量要比相应条件下本体聚合所得的要高，试解释之。
（15分）
3、什么叫热塑性塑料？什么叫热固性塑料？试各举例说明。
（15分）
4、自由基聚合中“自动加速现象”产生的原因是什么？如何防止其发生？
（15分）
5、分析采用本体聚合方法进行自由基聚合时，聚合物在单体中的溶解性对
自动加速效应的影响。
（15分）
6、乳化剂不参加聚合反应，但它的存在对聚合反应有很大影响，为什么?（15
分）
7、合成分子量窄分布聚合物的聚合反应条件有哪些？（15分）。
博士研究生入学考试专业课真题 2019年桂林理工大学考博专业课真题2019考试科目代码：1001考试科目名称：英语Part I Reading Comprehension (45%)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Less than two months into her breast cancer treatment, Alexandra Jn-Charles was called into a new room at SUNY Downstate Medical Center, where two treating physicians, the chief medical officer and an attorney representing the hospital told her that mistakes had been made.The skin lesions (病变) on her chest, they said, had been caused not by her illness but by the machine that was supposed to cure her. The 32-year-old had received nearly 30 radiotherapy sessions, but at this point it didn’t really make sense to count them, because a programming error had caused each installment to deliver at least three times the prescribed amount of radiation.Jn-Charles, who died two and a half years after this meeting in 2005, would eventually come to exemplify the emergence of accidental over-radiation in U.S. hospitals. The worst off have reported skin damage, inexplicable hair loss and ribs(肋骨) buckling beneath their chests — debilitating injuries suffered while undergoing screening or treatment for something that would otherwise kill them. A steep price for survival.These tragedies go to the core of an issue as pressing as it is uncomfortable to think about: Have advances in technology, improved treatment methods and more comprehensive screening protocols led to systematic, excessive irradiation of patients?The answer, according to a growing number of health experts, is yes. For example, the CT scan, which has become commonplace in response to rising cancer rates, is itself thought to increase the likelihood that a person develops cancer. The scans deliver several hundred times more radiation than an X-ray — even when guidelines and dosages are followed precisely. “What we do as physicians arguably harms people,” James Ehrlich, a clinical associate professor at the University of Colorado and an adviser for Premier Micronutrient Corp., told Newsweek.A jarring example of that came in 2010, when Walt Bogdanich published an extensive review in The New York Times that listed numerous patients whose lives had been destroyed by mistakes in hospital imaging and radiotherapy. Shortly after the article series went to press, the Food and Drug Administration began to ramp up its efforts to limit excessive exposure, eventually launching its Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Radiation Exposure From Medical Imaging.Along with organizations like the American College of Radiology, the FDA now supports a number of so-called dose registries that allow facilities to compare radiation dose indexes to regional and national values. To date, hundreds of facilities across the U.S. have enrolled.But the FDA’s regulatory authority is generally focused on equipment manufacturers, and compliance on the state level is never guaranteed. And even compliant facilities run the risk of over-radiating patients: A 2012 paper bythe Institute of Medicine found that medical imaging is one of the leading environmental causes of breast cancer.1. The skin damage on Jn-Charles’ chest was caused by ______.A) breast cancerB) advanced technologyC) over-radiationD) treatment methods1. What does the author want to explain by exemplifying Jn-Charles?A) There is no need to waste so much money for to treat breast cancer.B) Until now, breast cancer is still an incurable illness around the world.C) There is an increasing number of young people suffering from cancer.D) There are incidents of excessive irradiation of patients in America.3. What can be learnt about the CT scan?A) It is a double-edged sword in the term of cancer.B) It has been argued in the medical profession.C) It is much safer to be used to treat breast cancer.D) The radiation dosages can be controlled easily.4. What does the word “ramp up” (Para. 6) mean?A) Heat up.B) Draw out.C) Intensify.D) Put up.5. The author thinks FDA’s solution to reduce radiation exposure is ______.A) ineffectiveB) looseC) harmfulD) unnecessaryPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been reassuringly dull. E-books, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares if they are to remain relevant, but many publishers are too wary of piracy and lost sales to co-operate. Among the big six, only Random House and HarperCollins license e-books with most libraries. The others have either denied requests or are reluctantly experimenting. In August, for example, Penguin will start a pilot with public libraries in New York.Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need: book-lovers with money (neither the devices nor broadband connections come cheap). If these wonderful people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them, what then?Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live, book files can be downloaded at home. Digital library catalogues are often browsed at night, from a comfy sofa. The files disappear from the device when they are due (which means no late fees, nor worry about lost or damaged books).Awkwardly for publishers, buying an e-book costs more than renting one but offers little extra value. You cannot resell it, lend it to a friend or burn it to stay warm. Owning a book is useful if you want to savour（品尝）it repeatedly, but who reads “Fifty Shades of Grey” twice?E-lending is not simple, however. There are lots of different and often incompatible e-book formats, devices and licences. Most libraries use a company called OverDrive, a global distributor that secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format. Some 35m titles were checked out through OverDrive in 2011, and the company now sends useful data on borrowing behaviour to participating publishers. Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive’s market dominance, as the company can increasingly dictate fees and conditions.Library boosters argue that book borrowers are also book buyers, and that libraries are vital spaces for readers to discover new work. Many were cheered by a recent Pew survey, which found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books. But the report also noted that few people know that e-books are available at most libraries, and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists, which may be what inspires people to buy.So publishers keep tweaking（对……稍作调整）their lending arrangements in search of the right balance. Random House raised its licensing prices earlier this year, and HarperCollins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times. Penguin plans to keep new releases out of libraries for at least six months, and each book will expire after a year. The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.6. What can we learn about the big six publishers?A) They know they need to cooperate with libraries.B) They have recently sold e-books to most libraries.C) Most of them hesitate in cooperation with libraries.D) They stand out against selling e-books to libraries.7. What is the advantage of electronic borrowing?A) There is no need to worry about deadlines.B) It can pay for the late fees automatically.C) Readers can lend the book files to their friends.D) It is much cheaper than traditional printed books.8. Why are publishers and libraries worried about OverDrive’s market dominance?A) Publisher and libraries will lose their market shares of e-books.B) OverDrive provides various format of e-books and audio files.C) OverDrive will increasingly divide their profit of e-books.D) E-readers will not lend e-books or audio files from libraries.9. What was shown in Pew survey?A) The desire to collect popular books inspires people to buy them.B) E-readers in America prefer to buy their e-books from libraries.C) More than half of Americans are book borrowers and book buyers.D) People with library cards usually have to wait for popular e-books.10. What does the author mean by saying “The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.” (Para. 7)?A) Many problems about e-book lending need to be solved.B) It is wise for publishers to cooperate closely with libraries.C) Cooperation between publishers and libraries is a win-win strategy.D) Libraries will dominant the book market by lending e-books.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Across the board, American colleges and universities are not doing a very good job of preparing their students for the workplace or their post-graduation lives. This was made clear by the work of two sociologists, Richard Arumand Josipa Roksa. In 2011 they released a landmark study titled “Academically Adrift,” which documented the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today’s knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students’ lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards. Although going to college is supposed to be a full-time job, stu- dents spent, on average, only 12 to 14 hours a week studying and many were skating through their semesters without doing a significant amount of reading and writing. Students who take more challenging classes and spend more time studying do learn more. But the priorities of many undergraduates are with extracurricular activities, playing sports, and partying and socializing.Laura Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students. In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describes what she calls the “party pathway,” which eases many students through college, helped along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors. By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are “catering to the social and educat ional needs of wealthy students at the expense of others” who won’t enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.These students need to build skills and knowledge during college if they are to use their degrees as a stepping-stone to middle-class mobility. But more privileged students must not waste this opportunity either. As recent graduates can testify, the job market isn’t kind to candidates who can’t demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard. Nor is the global economy forgiving of an American workforce with increasingly weak literacy, math and science abilities. College graduates will still fare better than those with only a high school education, of course. But a university degree unaccompanied by a gain in knowledge or skills is an empty achievement indeed. For students who have been coasting through college, and for American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition, the party may soon be over.11. What is Arum and Roksa’s finding about higher education in America?A) It aims at stimulating the intellectual curiosity of college students.B) It fails to prepare students to face the challenges of modern times.C) It has experienced dramatic changes in recent years.D) It has tried hard to satisfy students’ various needs.12. What is responsible for the students’ lack of higher-level skills?A) The diluted college curriculum.B) The boring classroom activities.C) The absence of rigorous discipline.D) The outdated educational approach.13. What does Laura Hamilton say about college administrations?A) They fail to give adequate help to the needy students.B) They tend to offer too many less challenging courses.C) They seem to be out of touch with society.D) They prioritize non-academic activities.14. What can be learned about the socially and financially privileged students?A) They tend to have a sense of superiority over their peers.B) They can afford to choose easier majors in order to enjoy themselves.C) They spend a lot of time building strong connections with businesses.D) They can climb the social ladder even without a degree.15. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A) American higher education has lost its global competitiveness.B) People should not expect too much from American higher education.C) The current situation in American higher education may not last long.D) It will take a long time to change the current trend in higher education.Part II Translation (25%)Directions: For this part, you are to translate a passage from Chinese into English.西安是我国黄河流域古代文明的重要发源地之一，与雅典、罗马、开罗并称为世界四大古都。
