Ubuntu16.04无损分区大小调整工具Gparted

Ubuntu16.04⽆损分区⼤⼩调整⼯具Gparted

Ubuntu 16.04⽆损分区⼤⼩调整⼯具Gparted

2018年03⽉13⽇ 16:16:46 阅读数：11868更多

个⼈分类：

安装：

sudo apt-get install gparted

使⽤：

注意：

这款软件可以调整分区⼤⼩，且⽀持⽆损，但是对于/根⽬录的分区⽆法调整，但是它提供ISO⼯具，可以启动后进⾏调整。

当然，还可以使⽤Ubuntu的Live CD进去使⽤这个⼯具，完美解决。

在linux中，当我们给系统添加⼀块新硬盘时，我们是⽆法使⽤的，因为他还没有分区和格式化，只有当我们将新硬盘分区并格式化之后，挂

载在某个⽬录下，才能供我们正常使⽤，接下来我们要学习三种硬盘分区⼯具，fdisk，gdisk，parted，分别是针对于MBR分区格式，GPT

分区格式，⾼级分区⼯具（可以针对于上⾯两种进⾏分区，使⽤起来也是⽐较复杂的），关于MBR和GPT请参考

fdisk（MBR）

fdisk

-l /dev/sdX 查看硬盘分区信息

-c （centos6) 打开或禁⽤dos模式

-u (centos6) 切换显⽰的单位(扇区/柱⾯)

-c (centos7) -c=dos -c=nondos

-u (centos7) -u=cylinders -u=sectors

fdisk /dev/sdX 进⾏分区

m 帮助

n 建⽴分区

d 删除分区

p 显⽰分区信息

t 转换分区类型

a 将指定分区设置/取消 活动分区

L 查看分区类型

o 重建分区表

v 验证分区表，显⽰剩余没有被分区划分的扇区数量

g 创建GPT格式的分区（centos7) q 退出不保存，不保存，所有的修改都不⽣效

w 退出并保存

[root@CT6 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes -------------------------硬盘⼤⼩

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders ------------------------磁头数，每磁道扇区数，柱⾯数

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes --------------------每柱⾯⼤⼩

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes ---------------扇区⼤⼩

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000 -----------------------------------------未分区磁盘

[root@CT6 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb --------------------------磁盘分区

WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted.

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x52ce01ab.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m ------------------------查看帮助

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): n ------------------------------添加⼀个分区

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p ---------------------------------------------添加主分区

Partition number (1-4): 1 ----------------------------磁盘编号1，即：sdb1

First cylinder (1-65270, default 1): -------------------开始位置，不填写，默认就⾏

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-65270, default 65270): +20G -----------填写⼤⼩

Command (m for help): p --------------------------------查看刚刚的分区

Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x52ce01ab

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 2612 20980858+ 83 Linux -----------------创建了⼀个分区

Command (m for help): l ------------------查看可⽤的分区类型

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx

5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data

6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .

7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility

8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt

9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access

a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O

b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor

c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs

e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT

f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/

10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b

11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor

12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor

14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary

16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS

17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE

18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto

1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep

1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT

1e Hidden W95 FAT1

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): w -----------------------保存并退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

gdisk（GPT）

gdisk

-l /dev/sdX 查看分区信息

gdisk

(?|m) 帮助

n 建⽴分区

d 删除分区

c 更改分区名字

I 显⽰分区的详细信息

p 显⽰分区信息

t转换分区类型

a 将指定分区设置/取消 活动分区

l 查看分区类型

o 重建分区表

v 验证分区表，显⽰剩余没有被分区划分的扇区数量

q 退出不保存，不保存，所有的修改都不⽣效

w 退出并保存

gdisk时⽤来创建GPT分区的，我们可以看到，gdisk和fdisk的开头是有些不同的。

[root@CT6 ~]# gdisk /dev/sdb