【高考推荐】2020-2021高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars(含解析)新人教版必
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1 Astronomy the science of the stars
李仕才
一、阅读理解。
On April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully
riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bones were spreading against
the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off
and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.
As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred
on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry $ 1.7 billion. Ten million travelers
were stuck for days. Economics all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption
of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Iceland’s many volcanoes.
However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible
for the birth of new earth, and for the creation of rich soil. This eruption gave off
0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But cancelling 48% of the
world’s flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere,
temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.
Similarly, the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look
more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized.
I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.
In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb
it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path. After their plan worked,
they used the geothermal(地热的) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good
example of life bringing lemons, and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.
I ran from April 14th, 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in
university for a newfound love in Earth sciences.
【解题导语】 作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。
1．What happened to the writer on April 14th, 2010? 2 A．He was involved in a car crash.
B．He was stuck in an Iceland’s airport.
C．He witnessed a volcanic eruption.
D．He was badly injured on a bike ride.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The next moment, metal... sent me
supermanning toward oncoming traffic.”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故D项正确。
2．Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?
A．The economy was cost globally by the eruption.
B．Carbon dioxide increased temporarily.
C．Most of the world’s planes were held up.
D．The earth in Iceland was terribly polluted.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Economics all over the world were
disturbed.”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故A项正确。
3．Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano?
A．It broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well.
B．It symbolized the accident that changed his life.
C．It told us to make the best of a given situation.
D．It encouraged him to know more about himself.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“After their plan worked... their homes.”并结合“One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being
hopeful for the future.”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境。
4．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Escape from Volcanoes
B．Inspiration from Disasters
C．Love for Earth Sciences
D．Attitude Toward Nature
B 解析：标题归纳题。本文作者通过讲述自己遭遇事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，告诉人们 3 要积极应对现实情况，所以选B项。
二、单句语法填空
1．(2017·北京高考)Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize
in the Kite Festival.
答案：whoever whoever “无论谁”，表泛指，在句中作主语，相当于anyone who。
2．My relationship with the actors is fundamental ________my work as a director.
答案：to be fundamental to ... “……是……的基础”。
3．I can say that it is the ________(violence) film that I have ever seen.
答案：most violent 由“that I have ever seen”可知，此处应用形容词最高级。
4．His last paintings are perhaps the most ________(puzzle), which even the artists
can't make sense of.
答案：puzzling 此处形容词puzzling “令人困惑的”作表语，描述主语paintings的本质特征。
5．________exists a good way to solve the problem in geography.
答案：There There exists ... “存在……；有……”。
6．As secondhand smoking is ________(harm) and dangerous, people want a total ban
against smoking in public.
答案：harmful 此处形容词harmful “有害的”作表语。
7．She bought a heavy curtain ________(block) out the light.
答案：to block 此处动词不定式短语to block out作目的状语。
8．Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer ________ , hoping to make his parents
less worried.
答案：up cheer up “(使)感到高兴，(使)振作起来”。
9．Measures have been taken to prevent the river from ________(pollute)．
答案：being polluted prevent sb./sth. from doing sth. “阻止某人/某物做某事”，且本句中pollute和river存在逻辑上的被动关系，故填动名词的被动结构。
10．________(like) what you supposed, only a few people attended the party, which
was disappointing.
答案：Unlike 根据语意可知，“并不像”你所猜测的那样，故填Unlike，引导名词性从句。
三、完形填空。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。
