[考研类试卷]2016年中国海洋大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In Cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations，or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days， 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [ D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that”incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing itschance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could beinfluenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. ”Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper – printing presses, delivery trucks – isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online – only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge atthe Times? ”I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital – only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a ” legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41_________________________As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42________________________Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43 ________________________Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44 _______________________Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45 ________________________The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives. (49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures In your essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)1、【答案】[B] as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，“择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友”显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。

[考研类试卷]2014年中国海洋大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 CBD2 FTA3 NPL4 FOB5 HSK6 NGO7 ISO8 Caller ID9 BRICS10 Break Pane Law11 Game Theory12 civil liability13 board of directors14 Broad Band Salary Design15 perfect capacity for act汉译英16 水货17 核威慑18 生育率19 稀土资源20 污水处理21 滥用职权22 第三产业23 按揭贷款24 网络经济25 同比增长26 防伪标志27 债务减免28 单边主义29 国家海洋局30 国有商业银行股份制改革英译汉31 Language varieties correspond to geographical variation, giving rise to different geographical dialects. It should be noted that demarcation lines between regional varieties are drawn not always on linguistic grounds but often in the light of political or cultural considerations (e. g. the situation of Dutch vis-a-vis German, where a geographical boundary based on linguistic considerations alone would be difficult to determine) . Another misconception surrounding geographical variation is that a given variety has the same status throughout the area where it is spoken (e. g. the notion that only one variety of English is used in, say southern England). The dynamics of geographical variation aretoo complex to pigeonhole neatly; the notion of a "continuum" with inevitable overlaps may be necessary for a better understanding not only of geographical variation but of other types of dialect as well.An awareness of geographical variation, and of the ideological and political implications that it may have, is therefore essential for translators and interpreters. Accent, for example, is one of the more recognizable features of geographical variation and is often a source of problems. We recall the controversy in Scotland a few years ago over the use of Scottish accents in representing the speech of Russian peasants in TV dramatization of a foreign play. The inference was allowed that a Scottish accent might somehow be associated with low status, something which, no doubt, was not intended.The difficulty of achieving dialectal equivalence in translation will be apparent to anyone who has translated for the stage. Rendering source-text dialect by target-language standard has the disadvantage of losing the special effect intended in the source text, while rendering dialect by dialect runs the risk of creating unintended effects. At a more general level, sensitivity to the various accents and lexicon-grammatical features of different geographical dialects is the hallmark of the competent interpreter at international conferences. (306 words)汉译英32 所谓“情境”是指喜怒哀乐的情感，这是诗的灵魂。

中国海洋大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案中国海洋大学（回忆+原题）翻译硕士英语一、30道选择题，每个1分，前20题左右如果你是六级的水平，那么四个选项里有三个单词你是不熟悉的，这是单词关。

后10题左右都是常用语，比如___the count of three A.atB.onC.ofD.by。

二、阅读理解，共四篇，满分40分。

前两篇是ABCD，后两篇是Q&A，每篇文章都是5个小题，每小题2分。

第一篇，是讲心理历史学与普通历史学。

第二篇，是讲某个地方的旅游业发展。

第三篇，讲labor market problem的。

第四篇，讲interview的。

三、英语写作，400字。

nowadays，college and university students are required to work on什么groupproject，all the students get the same score,问你agree不agree，然后举例证明观点。

意思就是大学生实施分组制学习，组里所有同学分数都一样，好还是不好。

30分。

英语翻译基础一、英译汉：DNA FTP FAO GPS SCO GATT WSPA WIPO CAFTA UNHRC;Agent ad litem……二、汉译英：论语佛教收视率京剧脸谱温室效应电脑动画保税港区法人实体领土完整博鳌亚洲论坛空气污染指数和平共处五项原则黑社会性质的组织三、英译汉：<As China Rolls Ahead,Fear Follows>For nearly two years,China’s turbocharged economy has raced ahead with the aid of a huge government stimulus program and aggressive lending by state-run banks.But a growing number of economists now worry that China—the world’s fastest growing economy and a pillar of strength during the global financial crisis—could be stalled next year by soaring inflation,mounting government debt and asset bubbles.Two credit ratings agencies,Moody’s and Fitch Ratings,say China is still poised for growth,yet they have also recently warned about hidden risks in its banking system.Fitch even hinted at the possibility of another wave of nonperforming loans tied to the property market.In the late1990s and early this decade,the Chinese government was forced to bail out and recapitalize these same state-run banks because a soaring number of bad loans had left them nearly insolvent.Those banks are much stronger now,after a series of record public stock offerings in recent years that have raised billions of dollars from global investors.But last week,an analyst at the Royal Bank of Scotland advised clients to hedge against the risk that a flood of cash into China,coupled with soaring inflation, could result in a“day of reckoning.”A sharp slowdown in China,which is growing at an annual rate of about10percent, would be a serious blow to the global economy since China’s voracious demand for natural resources is helping to prop up growth in Asia and South America,even as the United States and the European Union struggle.And because China is a major holder of United States Treasury debt and a major destination for American investment in recent years,any slowdown would also hurt American companies.Aware of the risks,Beijing has moved recently to tame its domestic growth and rein in soaring food and housing prices by raising interest rates,tightening regulations on property sales and restricting lending.At the end of the Central Economic Work Conference,a high-level annual economic policy meeting that concluded on Sunday,Beijing promised to combat inflation andstabilize the economy.Those pledges came just days after the central bank ordered banks to set aside larger capital reserves in a bid to slow lending,the sixth time it has done so this year.And the government reported on Saturday that the consumer price index had climbed5.1percent in November,the sharpest rise in nearly three years.Analysts say more tightening measures are expected in the coming months but that the challenges are mounting.“There are so many moving pieces,”said Qu Hongbin,the chief China economist for HSBC in Hong Kong.“It wouldn’t be honest to say things aren’t complicated.”Optimists say China has been adept at steering the right economic course over the last decade,ramping up growth when needed and tamping it down when things get too hot.But this time,Beijing is not just struggling with inflation,it is also trying to restructure its economy away from dependence on exports and toward domestic consumption in the hopes of creating more balanced and sustainable growth,analysts say.China is also facing mounting international pressure to let its currency,the renminbi,rise in value.Some trading partners insist China is keeping its currency artificially low to give Chinese exporters a competitive advantage.Beijing contends that raising the value of its currency would hurt coastal factories that operate on thin profit margins,forcing them to lay off millions of workers. The most immediate challenge appears to be inflation,which some analysts say may be even more serious than the new figures suggest.Housing prices have skyrocketed. And prices for milk,vegetables and other foods have soared this year.“The money supply is too large,”said Andy Xie,an economist based in Shanghai who formerly worked at Morgan Stanley.“They increased the money supply to stimulate the economy.Now land prices have jumped20times in some places,100times in others. Inflation is broad-based.Go into a k is more expensive in Chinathan it is in the U.S.”In Shanghai,where the average monthly wage is about$350,a gallon of milk now costs about$5.50.Wages have also risen sharply this year in coastal provinces amid reports of labor shortages and worker demands for higher pay.Many analysts expect more wage increases next year.That may be good for workers,analysts say,but it will also change the dynamics of the Chinese economy and its export sector while contributing to higher inflation. Beijing is now under pressure to mop up excess liquidity after state banks went on a lending binge during the stimulus program that got under way in early2009.Analysts say a large portion of that lending was diverted to speculate in the property market. In addition to restricting lending at the big state banks,Beijing recently moved to close hundreds of underground banks and attempted to restrain local governments from borrowing to build huge infrastructure projects,some of which may be wasteful, according to analysts.Some economists say the real solution is for Beijing to privatize more industries and let the market play a bigger role.After the financial crisis hit,the state assumed more control over the economy.Now,state banks and big state-owned companies are reluctant to surrender control over industries where they have monopoly power,analysts say.“Inflation is not the most serious problem,”says Xu Xiaonian,a professor of economics at the China Europe International Business School in Shanghai.“The most fundamental problem we have to resolve is structural.We need more opening up and reform policies.Look at the state monopolies in education,health care,telecom and entertainment.We need to break those up.We need to create more jobs and make the economy more innovative.”Zhiwu Chen,a professor of finance at Yale,agrees.“The state economy and the local governments will be where the future problemsoccur,”Professor Chen said in an e-mail response to questions on Sunday.“They will be the sources of real troubles for the banks and the financial system.”Though no economist is forecasting the end to China’s decades-long bull run,many have turned more cautious.And Fitch Ratings recently released a study it conducted with the forecasting consultancy Oxford Economics that examined the effect a slowdown in China would have on the rest of the world.Fitch expects China’s economy to grow at an annual rate of8.6percent next year, down from about9.7percent this year.But the report,which was released a few weeks ago,said that if growth slowed to5percent,the economies of many other Asian nations would suffer seriously.Steel,energy and manufacturing industries around the world would also be hard hit,it said.Fitch analysts are careful not to forecast a sharp slowdown in China.But if one comes,they say,it is“most likely to stem from a combination of property crash and banking crisis.”（才思教育注：本文摘自The New York Times《纽约时报》）【才思教育·参考答案解析】差不多两年以来，动力十足的中国经济凭借一项庞大的政府刺激计划和国有银行激进的放贷举措，延续着高速增长的态势。

中国海洋大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试模拟试题科目代码： 211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar [30 minutes, 20 points]Directions:There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.SAMPLE:1.Ronald Tilson, a leading American tiger specialist who led the survey, concludedthat the South China tiger is extinct in the world, although he ______ that a few individuals may exist, without their being a viable population.A. concededB. contendedC. concludedD. receded2.The ______ construction industry enabled Aristotle Sokratis Onassis to fulfill alifelong dream, to own his own ships.A. fruitfulB. laminatingC. lucrativeD. profiled3.The Democrats complain that the bailout helps the banks, but doesn’t help theman on the street, the average homeowner being ______.A. deprived ofB. forecastedC. facilitatedD. foreclosed4.______ involves the transfer of the management and/or day-to-day execution ofan entire business function to an external service provider.A. homeshoringB. outcontractingC. offshoringD. procuring5.Prof. Anderson pointed out that in the short term, the accelerated shrinkage ofglaciers will increase water supply into rivers, but over time, as glaciers approacha complete meltdown, water supplies will ______, so global warming willthreaten water safety in China.A. increaseB. loseC. dwindleD. remain参考答案：1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C本部分旨在考查学生掌握词汇及语法概念的能力，要求学生的认知词汇达到------------------------------------------------------------------------------特别提醒：答案必须写在答题纸上，若写在试卷或草稿纸上无效。

中国海洋大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试模拟试题科目代码： 211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Part I. V ocabulary and Grammar [60 minutes]Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.SAMPLE:1.The club will ______ new members the first week in September.A. absorbB. enrollC. registerD. subscribe2.At the party we found that shy girl ______ her mother all the time.A. adhering toB. clinging toC. coinciding withD. depending on3.The incoming climate summit attempts to ______ a new global climate treaty to seek a new global deal onclimate change.A. draw onB. draw inC. draw upD. draw down4.Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by “drugs”that aren’t really drugs at all,______ sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements.A. but ratherB. or ratherC. other thanD. rather than5.Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were ______.A. in no wayB. on the contraryC. at a lossD. of no avail参考答案：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. DPart II. Reading Comprehension [60 minutes]Section A: Multiple-Choice Questions [30 minutes]Directions: In this section there are two reading passages, with each passage followed by FIVE multiple-choice questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best answers the question or completes the statement. Then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.SAMPLE:Family MattersThis month Sing apore passed a bill that would give legal teeth to the moral obligation to support one’s parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, it received the backing of the Singapore Government.That does not mean it hasn’t generated discussion. Several member s of the Parliament opposed the measure as un-Asian. Others who acknowledged the problem of the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believed it would subvert relations within the family: cynics dubbed it the “Sue Y our Son” la w.Those who say that the bill does not promote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility. It kicks in where filial responsibility fails. The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love. All the law can do is to provide a safety net where this morality proves insufficient. Singapore needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to shore it up.Like many other developed nations, Singapore faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is inexorable. In 1980, 7.2% of the population was in this bracket. By the end of the century that figure will grow to 11%. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 26%. The problem is not old age per se. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline.But no amount of government exhortation or paternalism will completely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net.Traditionally, a person’s insurance against poverty in his old age was his family. Lifts is not a revolutionary concept. Nor is it uniquely Asian. Care and support for one’s parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies.The problem in Singapore is that the moral obligation to look after one’s parents is unenforceable. A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children. A husband can be forced to support his wife. But, until now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parents.In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the aged. Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 95% of those who did not have their own income were receiving cash contributions from relations. But what about the 5% who aren’t getting relatives’ support? They have several options: (a) get a job and work until they die; (b) apply for public assistance (you have to be destitute to apply); or (c) starve quietly. None of these options is socially acceptable. And what if this 5% figure grows, as it is likely to do, as society ages?The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will allow a person to apply to the court for maintenance from any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuseto make an order if it is unjust.Those who deride the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits miss the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bill’s effect would be far more subtle.First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individual’s—not society’s— responsibility to look after his parents. Singapore is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this idea. It reinforces the traditional values and it doesn’t hurt a society now and then to remind itself of its core values.Second, and more important, it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. Until now, if a person asked family elders, clergymen or the Ministry of Communit y Development to help get financial support from his children, the most they could do was to mediate. But mediators have no teeth, and a child could simply ignore their pleas.But to be sued by one’s parents would be a massive loss of face. It would be a public disgrace. Few people would be so thick-skinned as to say, “Sue and be damned”. The hand of the conciliator would be immeasurably strengthened. It is far more likely that some sort of amicable settlement would be reached if the recalcitrant son or daughter knows that the alternative is a public trial.It would be nice to think Singapore doesn’t need this kind of law. But that belief ignores the clear demographic trends and the effect of affluence itself on traditional bends. Those of us who push for t he bill will consider ourselves most successful if it acts as an incentive not to have it invoked in the first place.31.The Maintenance of Parents Bill ______.A. received unanimous support in the Singapore ParliamentB. was believed to solve all the problems of the elderly poorC. was intended to substitute for traditional values in SingaporeD. was passed to make the young more responsible to the old32.By quoting the growing percentage points of the aged in the population, the author seems to imply that______.A. the country will face mounting problems of the old in futureB. the social welfare system would be under great pressureC. young people should be given more moral educationD. the old should be provided with means of livelihood33.The author seems to suggest that traditional values ______.A. play an insignificant role in solving social problemsB. are helpful to the elderly when they sue their childrenC. are very important in preserving Asian uniquenessD. are significant in helping the Bill get approved34.The author thinks that if the Bill becomes law, its effect would be ______.A. apparentB. indirectC. unnoticedD. straightforward35.At the end of the passage, the author seems to imply that success of the Bill depends upon ______.A. strict enforcementB. public supportC. government assuranceD. filial awareness参考答案：31. D 32. A33. C 34. B 35. DSection B: Short Answer Questions [30 minutes]Directions: In this section, there are two passages, each with five questions. Read the passages carefully. Then answer the questions by using the information given in each passage. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.SAMPLE:InterviewSo what have they taught you at college about interviews? Some courses go to town on it, others do very little. Y ou may get conflicting advice. Only one thing is certain: the key to success is preparation.There follow some useful suggestions from a teacher training course coordinator, a head of department and a headteacher. As they appear to be in complete harmony with one another despite never having met, we may take their advice seriously.Oxford Brookes University’s approach to the business of application and interview focuses on research and rehearsal. Training course coordin ator Brenda Stevens speaks of the value of getting students “to deconstruct the advertisement, see what they can offer to that school, and that situation, and then write the letter, do their CVs and criticize each other’s.” Finally, they role pl ay interviewer and interviewee.This is sterling stuff, and Brookes students spend a couple of weeks on it. “The better prepared students won’t be thrown by nerves on the day,” says Ms S t evens, “They’ll have their strategies and questions worked out.” She also says “the better the student, the worse the interviewee.” She believes the most capable students are lessable to put themselves forward. Even if this were true, says Ms Stevens, you must still make your own case.“Beware of infernality,” she advises. One aspira nt teacher, now a head of department at a smart secondary school, failed his first job interview because he took his jacket off while waiting for his appointment. It was hot and everyone in the staffroom was in shirtsleeves but at the end of the day they criticized his casual attitude, which they had deduced from the fact that he took his jacket off in the staffroom, even though he put it back on for the interview.Incidentally, men really do have to wear a suit to the interview and women really cannot wear jeans, even if men never wear the suit again and women teach most days in jeans. Panels respond instantly to these indicators. But beware: it will not please them any better if you are too smart.Find out about the people who will talk to you. In the early meetings they are likely to be heads of departments or heads of year. Often they may be concerned with pastoral matters. It makes sense to know their priorities and let them hear the things about you that they want to hear.During preliminary meetings you may be seen in groups with two or three other applicants and you must demonstrate that you know your stuff without putting your companions down. The interviewers will be watching how you work with a team. But remember the warning about informality: however friendly and co-operative the other participants are, do not give way to the idea that you are there just to be friends.Routine questions can be rehearsed, but “don’t go on too long,” advises the department head. They may well ask: “What have been your worst/best moments wh en teaching?”, or want you to “talk about some good teaching you have done.” The experts agree you should recognize your weaknesses and offer a strategy fo r overcoming them. “I know I’ve got to work on classroom management —I would h ope for some help,” perhaps. No one expects a new teacher to know it all, but they hope for an objective appraisal of capabilities.Be warned against inexpert questioning. Y ou may be asked questions in such a way that it seems impossible to present your best features. Some questions may be plain silly, asked perhaps by people on the panel who are from outside the situation. Do not be thrown, have ways of circumnavigating it, and never, ever let them see that you think they have said something foolish.Y ou will almost certainly be asked how you see the future and it is important to have a good answer prepared. Some people are put off by being asked what they expect to be doing in five or ten years’ time. On your preliminary visit, says the department head, be sure to give them a bit of an interview of your own, to see the direction the department is going and what you could contribute to it.The headteacher offers his thoughts in a nine-point plan. Iron the application form! Then it stands out from everyone el se’s, which have been folded and battered in the post. It gives an initial impression which may get yourapplication to the top of the pile. Ensure that your application is tailored to the particular school. Make the head feel you are writing directly to him or her. Put yourself at ease before you meet the interviewing panel: if you are nervous, you will talk too quickly. Before you enter the room, remember that the people are human beings too; take away the mystique of their roles. Listen. There is a danger of not hearing accurately what is being said. Make eye contact with the speakers, and with everyone in the room. Allow your warmth and humanity to be seen. A sense of humor is very important. Have a portfolio of your work that can link theory to practice. Many schools want you to show work. For a primary appointment, give examples from the range of the curriculum, not just art. (For this reason, taking pictures on your teaching practice is important.) Prepare yourself in case you are asked to give a talk. Have prompt cards ready, and don’t waffle.Y our speech must be clear and articulate, with correct grammar. This is important: they want to hear you and they want to hear how well you can communicate with children. Believe in yourself and have confidence. Some of the people asking the questions don’t know much about what you do. Be ready to help them.Thus armed, you should have no difficulty at all. Good luck and keep your jacket on!41.In Ms. Brenda Stevens’ view, what should applicants do before applying a job?42.How should interviewees handle the relationship between other participants during an interview?43.What are applicants suggested to do during an interview with regards to their weaknesses?44.What is the best way for applicants to deal with odd questions from the interviewers?45.Summarize the suggestions offered by the headteacher.参考答案：41.Applicants should understand thoroughly the situations before applying a job.42.When doing team work during an interview, applicants should always keep in mind that the point is todemonstrate their capacity rather than merely show friendship.43.Applicants are suggested to face their weaknesses squarely and offer possible solutions to overcome them.44.When asked odd questions, applicants should keep calm and try to be tactful in their answers.45.Suggestions put forward by the headteacher are mainly nine-fold: 1) iron the application form; 2) tailor theapplication letter to the particular school; 3) be at ease before the interview; 4) listen carefully; 5) make eye contact during the interview; 6) be warm and humor; 7) prepare a portfolio of your work; 8) prepare a talk in advance; and 9) be confident.Part III. Writing [60 minutes]Directions: Based on the information given below, please write an essay of about 400 words on the Answer Sheet. Y ou have 60 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay.SAMPLE:With the development of human civilization, man has created countless wonders, but at what a price!Our ecological system, on which all animals’ exist ence depends, has been seriously damaged and isstill being threatened. The earth’s temperature is getting higher, more and more forests are beingfelled, large numbers of animals are facing extinction, and deserts are expanding at an incredible rate.With this growing emergency, your university plans to hold a forum, discussing global environment. Y ou are invited to deliver a speech on Global W arming. Please explain this phenomenon as thoroughly as possible so that students in your university have a better understanding of its causes.At the same time, you are required to provide feasible measures to call on students to protect our earth from getting hotter.Suggested title for the essay is:To Cope With Global W armingY ou may use your own title if you like.Marks will be awarded both for your linguistic knowledge (i.e., grammar, vocabulary and organization) and for your ability to achieve the communicative purpose.。

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翻译硕士全套考研资料(十几所院校考研真题+笔记+百科精编资料)=598元 百科押题命中率高达98%以上 订购热线400-6998-626 梁老师 徐老师 小陈老师 朱老师 李老师 大强老师 薛老师 岳老师 小吴老师 大陈老师
中国海洋大学（原题）
翻译硕士英语
【育明教育解析】
一、词汇语法 ，30个选择
重点是单词要认识。

二、阅读是4篇
前两篇是选择题，一篇5个。

后两篇是回答问题，主观的那种。

三、作文
Should the blackboard and chalk be abandoned ？大意是现在电脑用的越来越多，黑板和粉笔式的要不要废除。

2015年中国海洋大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：64.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.GMO（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.CFR（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.ISBN（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.AI（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.BSE（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.DNA（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.GMS（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.IMF（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.NGO（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.UNSCO（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.the apple of one's eye（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.the writing on the wall（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.price floor（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.variable cost（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.Chancellor of the Exchequer（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.《易经》（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.雾霾指数（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.中国译协（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.清真食品（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.城际列车（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 23.联络口译（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 24.海洋性气候（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 25.国家发改委（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 26.粗放型经济（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.翻译硕士专业学位（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.防止核扩散条约（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.中国海洋石油总公司（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.(网络新词)不作死就不会死（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 31.中国外交部新闻发言人（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________32.科教兴国战略和人才强国战略（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________34.For some time past I had been ascending a low, broad, flat-topped hill, and on forcing my way through the undergrowth into the open I found myself on the level plateau, an unenclosed spot overgrown with heather and scattered furze bushes, with clumps of fir and birch trees. Before me and on either hand at this elevation a vast extent of country was disclosed. The surface was everywhere broken, but there was no break in the wonderful greenness, which the recent rain had intensified. There is too much green, to my thinking, with too much uniformity in its soft, bright tone, in South Devon. After gazing on such a landscape the brown, harsh, scanty vegetation of the hilltop seemed all the more grateful. The heath was an oasis and a refuge; I rambled about in it until my feet and legs were wet; then I sat down to let them dry and altogether spent several agreeable hours at that spot, pleased at the thought that no human fellow-creature would intrude upon me. Feathered companions were, however, not wanting. The crowing of cock pheasants from the thicket beside the old road warned me that I was on preserved grounds. Not too strictly preserved, however, for there was my old friend the carrion crow out foraging for his young. He dropped down over the trees, swept past me, and was gone. At this season, in the early summer, he may be easily distinguished, when flying, from his relation the rook (白嘴鸭). When on the prowl the crow glides smoothly and rapidly through the air, often changing his direction, now flying close to the surface, anon mounting high, but oftenest keeping nearly on a level with the tree tops. His gliding and curving motions are somewhat like those of the herring gull, but the wings in gliding are carried stiff and straight, the tips of the long flight-feathers showing a slight upward curve. But the greatest difference is in the way the head is carried. The rook, like the heron and stork, carries his beak pointing lance-like straight before him. He knows his destination, and makes for it; he follows his nose, so to speak, turning neither to the right nor the left. The foraging crow continually turns his head, gull-like and harrier (猎兔狗) -like, from side to side, as if to search the ground thoroughly or to concentrate his vision on some vaguely seen object. (404 words)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________35.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________36.沙博理给自己取了中文名字“沙博理”，意思是“博学明理”。

2018年中国海洋大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Writing 4. Diction 8. ProofreadingV ocabulary1．Some people are more______to depression during the winter because of reduced exposure to sunlight.A．infiniteB．perceptiveC．profoundD．susceptible正确答案：D解析：本题考查形容词辨析。

根据depression(抑郁)和reduced exposure to sunlight(日照减少)判断，受日照减少影响，有些人冬季更容易抑郁。

susceptible(易受影响的，敏感的)符合语义，故答案为[D]项。

infinite意为“(数量或程度)极大的；(空间或时间)无限的”。

perceptive意为“观察敏锐的，洞察力强的”。

profound 意为“(影响)深远的；(感情)强烈的”。

2．By studying obscure demographic and economic______, he deduced that the Soviets were in crisis—and spending a far bigger slice of its national income on defense than anyone had suspected.A．dataB．maniaC．nostalgiaD．severity正确答案：A解析：本题考查名词辨析。

根据studying．．．demographic and economic和deduced判断，“苏联正处于危机之中”是通过研究人口和经济数据推断出的结果，data(尤指可用于分析的资料，数据)符合语义，故答案为[A]项。

2016年考研英语一真题-高清版含答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)In Cambodia,the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male.It may involve not only his parents and his friends,1those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man can2a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to3the marriage negotiations,or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse,giving the child little to say in the selection.4,a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5a spouse has been selected,each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair.Formerly it lasted three days,7by the1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half.Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and8prayers of blessing.Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,9cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists,and10a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the11.Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may12with them up to a year,13they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to14,but not common.Divorced persons are 15with some disapproval.Each spouse retains16property he or she 17into the marriage,and jointly-acquired property is18equally. Divorced persons may remarry,but a gender prejudice19up:The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry20the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]as well as[B]by way of[C]on behalf of[D]with regard to2.[A]adapt to[B]provide for[C]compete with[D]decide on3.[A]renew[B]close[C]arrange[D]postpone4.[A]In theory[B]In time[C]Above all[D]For example5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless6.[A]within[B]into[C]from[D]through7.[A]since[B]or[C]so[D]but8.[A]test[B]recite[C]copy[D]create9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving11.[A]association[B]meeting[C]collection[D]union12.[A]grow[B]part[C]live[D]deal13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]for[D]if14.[A]follow[B]obtain[C]challenge[D]avoid15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed16.[A]whatever[B]however[C]whenever[D]wherever17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided19.[A]clears[B]shows[C]warms[D]breaks20.[A]while[B]once[C]so that[D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women.Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives.They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health.That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death–as some have done.It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women,especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans,if fully enforced,would suggest to women(and many men)that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty.And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep–and bone-showing.Under the law,using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a$85,000fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.In Denmark,the United States,and a few other countries,it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions,Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age,health,and other characteristics of models.The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:“We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals,especially on young people.”The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW),which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute.But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step.Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21.According to the first paragraph,what would happen in France?[A]Physical beauty would be redefined.[B]New runways would be constructed.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.22.The phrase“impinging on”(Line2,Para.2)is closest in meaning to[A]indicating the state of.[B]heightening the value of.[C]losing faith in.[D]doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]The French measures have already failed.[B]Its inherent problems are getting worse.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]New standards are being set in Denmark.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models’character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry[B]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[C]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[D]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body IdealsText2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country.In Britain this has had a curious result.While polls show Britons rate“the countryside”alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and the National Health Service(NHS)as what makes them proudest of their country,this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.”It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air.”Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts.They don’t make countryside any more,and every year concrete consumes more of it.It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorising“off-plan”building where local people might object.The concept of sustainable development has been defined as bour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development.The Liberal Democrats are silent.Only Ukip,sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses,factories and offices is where people are,in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone,with no intrusion on green belt.What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that“housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows”is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always,where to put them.Under lobby pressure,George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal.He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets.This is not a free market but a biased one.Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow.They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character.We do not ruin urban conservation areas.Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned,not let rip.After the Netherlands,Britain is Europe’s most crowded country.Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence,while still permitting low-density urban living.There is no doubt of the alternative–the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal,Spain or Ireland.Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A]is not well reflected in politics.[B]is fully backed by the royal family.[C]didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[D]has brought much benefit to the NHS.27.According to Paragraph2,the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A]largely overshadowed.[B]properly protected.[C]effectively reinforced.[D]gradually destroyed.28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph3?[A]Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B]The Conservatives may abandon“off-plan”building.[C]Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.[D]The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A]shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[B]stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.[C]highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[D]reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30.In the last paragraph,the author shows his appreciation of[A]the size of population in Britain.[B]the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[C]the town-and-country planning in Britain.[D]the political life in today’s Britain.Text3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,”wrote Milton Friedman,a Nobel prize-winning economist,“That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR)policies as a waste of shareholders’money,things may not be absolutely clear-cut.New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies–at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than$15billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG,a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways.First,consumers may take CSR spending as a“signal”that a company’s products are of high quality.Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third,through a more diffuse“halo effect,”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three.A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA).It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations,they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that,among prosecuted firms,those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’political influence,rather than their CSR stand,that accounted for the leniency:Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all,the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits,they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR.“We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour,or increasing corporate giving by about20%results in fines that generally are40%lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials,”says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect,rather than the other possible benefits,when they decide their do-gooding policies.But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law,evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31.The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]tolerance.[B]skepticism.[C]approval.[D]uncertainty.32.According to Paragraph2,CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices.[B]protecting it from being defamed.[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products.33.The expression“more lenient”(Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial.[B]more effective.[C]more lasting.[D]less severe.34.When prosecutors evaluate a case,a company’s CSR record[A]has an impact on their decision.[B]comes across as reliable evidence.[C]increases the chance of being penalized.[D]constitutes part of the investigation.35.Which of the following is true of CSR,according to the last paragraph?[A]Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B]The necessary amount of companies’spending on it is unknown.[C]Companies’financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.Text4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint.Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate.“Sometime in the future,”the paper’s publisher said back in2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside,there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print.The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper –printing presses,delivery trucks–isn’t just expensive;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway.And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake,says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.“Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming.“It was seen as a blunder,”he said.The move turned out to be foresighted.And if Peretti were in charge at the Times?“I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said.“I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in.“So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said.“Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words,if you’re going to make a print product,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it.Which may be what the Times is doing already.Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly$500a year–more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked.“But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes.In those situations,it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the high cost of operation.[B]the increasing online ad sales.[C]the pressure from its investors.[D]the complaints from its readers.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should[A]end the print edition for good.[B]make strategic adjustments.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs5and6that a“legacy product”[A]helps restore the glory of former times.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]will have the cost of printing reduced.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that,in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A]Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[C]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A]Create a new image of yourself[B]Have confidence in yourself[C]Decide if the time is right[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Know your goals[G]Make it efficientNo matter how formal or informal the work environment,the way you present yourself has an impact.This is especially true in first impressions.According to research from Princeton University,people assess your competence, trustworthiness,and likeability in just a tenth of a second,solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for success”era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings,red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status;in others not so much.Plus,whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like Linkedln.Chances are,your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two lennials,it seems,face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding.It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this?How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals?Here are some tips: 41.As an executive coach,I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions–when looking for a new job,stepping into a new or more public role,or changing work environments.If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut,now may be a good time.If you’re not sure,ask for honest feedback from trusted friends,colleagues and professionals.Look for cuesabout how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have.Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person,the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image.For another,it may be to be perceived as more approachable,or more modern and stylish.For someone moving from finance to advertising,maybe they want to look more“SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43.Look at your work environment like an anthropologist.What are the norms of your environment?What conveys status?Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves?The better you understand the cultural context,the more control you can have over your impact. 44.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context.Hire a personal stylist,or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew.Try a hair stylist instead of a barber.Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend.It’s not as expensive as you might think.45.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear.Instead,use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue.Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options.Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone,one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Mental health is our birthright.(46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy;it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned,only reawakened.It is like the immune system of the body,which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened,but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it,mental health will remain hidden from us.(47)Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere;like the sun behind a cloud,it can be temporarily hidden from view,but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem–confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense.It allows us to have perspective on our lives–the ability to not take ourselves too seriously,to laugh at ourselves,to see the bigger picture,and to see that things will work out.It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism.(48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles,with kindness if they are in pain,and with unconditional love no matter who they are.Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems,resolving conflict,making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life,or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier.It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice.We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought.(50)As you will come to see,knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university.Write a notice of about100 words,providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following pictures.In your essay,you shouldl)describe the pictures briefly,2)interpret the meaning,and3)give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)2016年全真试题答案Section Ⅰ Use of English1.A2.D3.C4.A5.C6.B7.D8.B9.D 10.A11.D 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.A Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1 21.A 22.D 23.D 24.C 25.DText 2 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.CText 3 31.B 32.C 33.D 34.A 35.BText 4 36.A 37.B 38.B 39.C 40.BPart B41.C 42.F 43.D 44.E 45.GPart C46.我们的心理健康不是学来的；它是我们生来就有的，正如同我们的身体知道如何治愈伤口或修复断骨一样。