初中英语被动语态专项讲解

格式：doc
大小：90.50 KB
文档页数：43

下载文档原格式

初中英语语法：被动语态用法全解及专项习题(附答案)

初中英语语法：被动语态用法全解及专项习题（附答案）被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world.English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young主动语态变被动语态的变法：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

一般过去时被动语态基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词+by?It was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语+was /were + not +过去分词+ by?She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句:Was /Were+主语+过去分词+by ?Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑+was/were+过去分词+by?What was it made of ?特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。

中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)

中考初中英语被动语态讲解（精心整理）被动语态专题定义语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词被动语态的时态：“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。

请看下表：时态被动结构一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时was/were+过去分词一般将来时will/shall be+过去分词现在进行时am/is/are being+过去分词现在完成时have/has been+过去分词含情态动词can/may/must... be+过去分词主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。

第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。

第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。

第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。

)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。

请对比下面的主动句和被动句：主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充：①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。

初中英语专题讲解————被动语态

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态结色是“be+及物动词的过去分词”。

be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。

以动词do为例，将被动语态的各种构成形式列表如下：一般式进行式完成式现在Am/are/is done Am/are/is beingdoneHave/has been done 过去Was/were done Was/were beingdoneHad been done将来Shall/will be done Shall/will have beendone1. 被动语态的常用句式肯定句式否定句式一般疑问句式特殊疑问句式主语+be+过去分词+by…主语+be + not+过去分词+byBe+主语+过去分词+by…?特殊疑问词（不作主语）+be +主语+过去分词+by …?特殊疑问词（作主语）+be + 过去分词+by …?The sapphire is guarded by a snake. 蓝宝石被一条蛇护卫着。

The glass was not broken by Leech. 玻璃不是李其打碎的。

Is the poem written by Shakespeare? 这首诗是莎士比亚写的吗？When was the school football team set up? 学校足球队是什么时候建立的？2. 含有情态动词的常用被动句式肯定句式否定句式一般疑问句式特殊疑问句式主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词+by …主语+情态动词+ not+be原形+过去分词+by …情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+by …?特殊疑问词（不作主语）+情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+by …?特殊疑问词（作主语）+情态动词+be+过去分词+by …?Such work can be done in an hour or so. 这项工作可以在一个小时左右做完。

被动语态(15张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

主动语态变被动语态的方法
英语的谓语动词有两种状态
We 主语
speak 谓语
English. 宾语
English 主语
is spoken 谓语
by us. 宾语
主动语态变被动语态的方法
主动结构：
1 The people always open the
window.
被动结构：
1 The window is always opened by
3 主动: see sb do
被动: sb be heard to do
Lucy was heard to sing in the classroom by me.
被动: sb be seen to do
I see Jack play the basketball
改成
in the playground.
the people .
2
主动结构： They will design a new bike in the
2
被动结构： A new bike will be designed by them
factory.
in the factory.
3
主动结构： He cut down a tree.
3 被动结构：
A tree was cut down by him.
主动省略to被动还原to
1 主动: make sb do I made my sister cry.
被动: sb be made to do
改成
My sister was made to cry by me.
2 主动: hear sb do I heard Lucy sing in the classroom. 改成

初中被动语态详细讲解

初中英语被动语态用法总结一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。

正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。

例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。

(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。

(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

不及物动词本身没有被动语态。

及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。

不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten一般过去时：was／were＋eaten一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten过去完成时：had been＋eaten歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

现以动词clean为例列表说明：被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

初中英语——被动语态讲解(共43张PPT)

2. ---Did you call everybody to take part in the party? ---Yes,the invitations____to them. A. have sent B. was sent C. is sent D. have been sent
3. No decision___ about the environment protection until all the students and teachers arrive.
6. ---- Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
---- Yes, I have. I guess it__ . A. has graded B. is graded C. is grading D. has been graded
7. A coat can warm. A.is used
(hold) every four years.
3.The 2012 Olympics _w_e_r_e_h__el_d_____
(hold) in London .
4.The problem _is__g_o_in_g__t_o_b_e__d_is_c_ussed
(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow .
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
*This table wants cleaning. =This table wants to be cleaned.
1. The water___ cold at this time of

被动语态(31张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件(2)

The shop opens at 8:00 every day.
商店每天八点开门。
温故知新
No sooner had she got out of her car than two
men in black
(push) her into the car with
a gun pointing her.
The tree was planted (by Tom) last year.
释义：这棵树是去年（由汤姆）种的。
特殊句型被动语态的转换
（1）“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”变为被动语态。
只需将宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补就成为被动句中的主语补足语。另外，如果主动句中的宾补是不带 to的不定式，当句子变成被动语态后，要还原to。
by farmers in spring.
原宾语 be+过去分词
by+原主语
状语
步骤一：把原主动句的宾语转换成被动句中的主语。
步骤二：把原动词改为“be+过去分词”的形式。动词的人称和数要随着新的主语而改变，同时be动词的时态不变。不论是什么形态，被动语态的句子都必定要有一个be动词。
步骤三：原来主动语态中的主语，如需强调就放在by后面以他的宾格形式出现，以指明发出动作的人或物。如果没有必要，则可以省略。
The room needs cleaning.
相当于to be cleaned
这个房间需要打扫。
3）形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式。
The art show is well worth visiting.
这个艺术展值得参观。

中考英语专项复习专题【被动语态】(附例题以及答案)

中考专项复习专题【被动语态】（附例题以及答案）本章节内容1.被动语态的基本形式2.不同时态的被动语态3.被动语态的技巧指导4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况5.被动语态在句子中运用1被动语态的基本形式一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“be+done”。

在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。

二、常用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。

This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。

2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。

Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。

3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。

Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。

(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。

Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。

2不同时态的被动语态1.时态和语态的结合是中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。

2.其他时态的被动语态3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。

Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。

3被动语态的技巧指导（1）根据选项定考点单项填空对语态的考查均会结合时态，4个选项中一般包含两个主动语态，两个被动语态；而其对时态的考查一般不会涉及语态。

因此，如果选项中出现被动语态，即可判断此题考查被动语态，由此便可排除非被动语态的选项。

（2）根据时态选答案首先，考生需要根据关键词（时间状语）来判断时态。

对于没有关键词的试题，则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。

如：—Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tony.—I ___ as the captain of the school football team.A. chooseB. choseC. am chosenD. was chosen方法点拨第1步：根据选项A、B为时态，C、D为被动语态可知本题考查被动语态，因此可排除A、B两项。

(完整)初中英语被动语态讲解

初中英语被动语态解说英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。

一、被动语态的组成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成。

助动词be一定与主语的人称和数目保持一致，态的变化。

比如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的履行者不知道是谁或难以说明经常用被动语态。

比如：并有时Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的蒙受者比起动作的履行者来说更能惹起人们的关怀而需要加以重申时，要用被动语态。

比如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或许直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保存不变。

变为主语的假如主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。

比如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 )→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。

被动语态(21张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

(4)特殊疑问句式 ①特殊疑问词(不作主语)+情态动词+主语+be原形+过去分词 When can my computer be repaired? 我的电脑什么时候能修好？ ②特殊疑问词(作主语)+情态动词+be原形+过去分词 What must be done next? 下一步该做什么？
1.—Why does the earth look blue in space?
考点四：一般将来时的被动语态 (will+be+done；am/is/are going to+be+done)
A new school library will be built next year. 一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句) →A new school library won’t be built next year. (否定句，在will后加not) →Will a new school library be built next year? (一般疑问句，把will提句首)
A new school library is going to be built next year. 一个学校的新图书馆将明年建成。(肯定句) →A new school library isn’t going to be built next year. (否定句，在is／am／are后加not) →Is a new school library going to be built next year? (一般疑问句，把is／am／are提句首)
3.More chances _____B_ for students to learn from each

初中英语被动语态讲解及练习(共47张PPT)

被动句：The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
e.g. They look after the new students in the school.
被动句：The new students are looked after by them in the school.
2这.当些动动词词带真有奇双怪宾，语主(动有句宾中补t)o, 并离且开宾，补被是动省句中去to“回to来”。的（动l词et不，定ha式ve时，，m在a被ke动，语fe态el中， se应e 加,w上at“cht,oh”ear,notice…)
e.g. They make us do all the ork. 被动句：We are made to do all the work
The dishes __is_c_l_e_a_n_e_dby mother every day.
主动：Children plant trees in spring. 被动： Trees are planted by children in spring. 一般疑问句： Are trees planted by children in spring?
• Lucy does the homework today.
The homework is done by Lucy today.
• They often use computers in class. Computers are often used by them in class.
• We make these machines in Beijing. These machines are made in Beijing.

初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解-专项练习及参考答案

初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解-专项练习及参考答案被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。

一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:1, 当宾语是反身代词时The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you?We will have a meeting .四．特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。

1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。

give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。

buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI ______ ______ a book by him.A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I ____ _____ a cake by my motherA cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去被动语态to回来。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者(或执行者)eg:Many people speak Chinese.谓语:speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。

eg:Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。

)各种时态的被动语态构成:1.一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词Eg:I'm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2.一般过去时:was/were+及物动词的过去分词Eg:This house was built in 1958.His leg was broken in an accident.3.一般将来时:will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词Eg:More factories will be built in our city.He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4.现在进行时:am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词.Eg: A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this city5.过去进行时:was/were being+及物动词的过去分词Eg:The meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6.现在完成时:have/has been+及物动词的过去分词Eg:His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again .7.过去完成时:had been + 及物动词的过去分词Eg:A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg:The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.三、被动语态的基本用法一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。

只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。

eg:1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。

3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁。

Eg:1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了2).China was founded in 1949.3.不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等。

在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如"It is said that…"(据说……),"It is reportedthat …"(据报道……),It is well known that …(众所周知……)It is supposed that(据推测说……),It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议等等’。

eg:1.It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人。

2.It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy issaid to have passed the national exam. )4.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

Eg:1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。

注:使用被动语态的情况口诀:动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要。

接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法:1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2.把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。

He plant trees in sping .Trees are planted in sping by him .主动语态变被动语态口诀:宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by后见,时态人称be关键。

All the people laughed at him. → He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.→The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.被动语态中“by+宾语”的省略:被动语态句式中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者,但是在遇到以下情况时,表示动作执行者“by+宾语”常常被省略。

1.动作执行者不确定时Eg:1.Paper is made from wood .2.Many people are killed in traffic accidents every day .2.不必表明动作执行者时Eg:1.English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages .2.Football is played in most school .3.动作执行者为一般大众时.Eg:1.Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area .2.He is made the monitor of the class today .五.主动语态变被动语态应注意的几个问题:谈谈几种特殊的被动结构1.当句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语(唯一宾语)”时,把宾语提到句首做主语,然后把谓语改成被动语态形式,最后把原主语变为宾格至于介词by之后。

实际运用中by短语常被省略。

Eg:1.We finish our homework in the evening .2.Our homework is finished in the evening .2. 当句子结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语(表示人的)+直接宾语(表示物的)”时,一般把间接宾语变为主语,而直接宾语不变,这样句子显得自然些。

如果把直接宾语作为主语,那么在间接宾语前应加介词to或for.Eg:1.She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主动) →I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被动)2.My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (主动) →I was bought a watch yesterday. (被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.(被动)注意:1).间接宾语前需要加for的动词,buy ,sing ,catch ,find ,get,drow ,cook ,keep ,make,offer 等。

2).间接宾语前需要加to的动词,bring ,give ,pass ,hand ,leave ,show ,write ,take ,teach ,tell ,thow ,lend,send ,return 等3.当句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”把主动态变成被动态时,只需将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态句子的主语,而原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动态句子的"主语补足语"了eg:1.They asked me to help them. →I was asked to help them.2.Now people can use computers to help them →.comouter can be used to help them .3.We must keep the room clean . → The room must be kept clean .4.We saw them coming over. →They were seen coming over.如果复合宾语是由“宾语+不带to的动词不定式”构成,变为被动语态时,动词不定式前的to 要补出来。

常见的这类动词有:一感(feel),二听(hear,listento )三让(let ,make ,have )四看(watch ,see ,notice ,observe,+look at )但动词为let时,to仍可省略。

Eg:1.The story made us laugh . →We were made to laugh by the story.2.The teacher let the little boy go home . →The little boy was let (to) go home .4.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。