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中考英语语法专项复习介词介词是一种用来表示词与词,词与句之间的关系的词。
在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。
中考主要考查表示时间的介词、表示方位的介词、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with和介词的固定搭配。
对于介词的考察，通常是以单项选择或完形填空形式考查介词用法，尤其是几个易混淆的介词。
另外，介词与动词和形容词构成的固定搭配也是常见的考试内容。
一、表示时间的介词思维导图记知识点时间介词二、表示方位的介词 思维导图记知识点 介词on 表示一物放在另一物上面，两者紧贴在一起方位介词三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词by,in,on,with.用by 时，交通工具前不用任何词四.常用介词辨析1.in 和on的区别两个词都有“在...后”之意，behind 只表示位置方面的“在....之后”，不能表示时间，而after则表示时间方面的“在...之后”behind the school 在学校后面after 5 o’clock 5点以后(1)of sb 用于It is +adj+of sb to do sth 句型中，形容词为clever, kind , nice 等描述人物性格特征的词，of 后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
It is very kind of you to help the old man .你帮助那位老人真是太好了。
（2）for sb用于It is adj+for sb to do sth 句型中，形容词为easy, important 等不描述人物性格特征的词，for 后的人物与形容词没有主表关系。
It is important for us to study hard 对我们来说努力学习很重要。
15.to的两种用法的区别to 既是介词，又是动词不定式符号。
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第五讲：介词一. 教材分析《中考英语语法复习说课稿》第五讲的主题是介词。
介词是英语语法中的重要组成部分，它用来表示时间、地点、方向、原因等关系。
在本讲中，我们将介绍一些常见的介词及其用法，如at, on, in, above, below, over, under, between, among等。
通过对这些介词的复习，帮助学生巩固已学的语法知识，提高他们在阅读、写作、听力及口语表达中的运用能力。
二. 学情分析根据我对学生的了解，他们在学习过程中对介词有一定的认识，但还存在以下问题：1. 对介词的用法理解不透彻，容易混淆；2. 在实际运用中，不能准确地选择合适的介词；3. 对一些特殊介词的用法了解不足。
因此，在教学过程中，需要针对这些问题进行讲解和练习，帮助学生更好地掌握介词的用法。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：通过本讲的学习，使学生掌握常见介词的用法，能够准确地运用介词表达时间、地点、方向、原因等关系。
2.能力目标：提高学生在阅读、写作、听力及口语表达中运用介词的能力。
3.情感目标：激发学生学习英语的兴趣，培养他们积极向上的学习态度。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点：常见介词的用法及搭配。
2.难点：对一些特殊介词用法的理解和运用。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.采用任务型教学法，让学生在完成任务的过程中学习和运用介词。
2.运用多媒体教学手段，如图片、动画、视频等，生动形象地展示介词的用法。
3.学生进行小组讨论和练习，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高他们的合作能力。
4.采用问答法，引导学生思考和探索介词的用法，提高他们的思维能力。
六. 说教学过程1.引入新课：通过展示一幅图片，引导学生观察并描述图片中的事物，自然引入介词的学习。
2.讲解介词：针对本讲的内容，详细讲解常见介词的用法，如at, on, in,above, below, over, under, between, among等。
中考英语专题讲座（五）介词导学案（有答案）二、英语书面表达专项训练2．假如你是李华, 你的美国笔友Bill给你发了一封电子邮件, 想了解你的梦想职业。
请认真阅读下面的邮件, 根据信中的内容和你的实际情况给他写封回信。
要求:1. 参考提示语, 可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整；3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；4.词数: 不少于70词（开头已给出, 但不计入总词数）。
Dear Bill,Thank you for your letter. I am glad to tell you about my dream job. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours,Li Hua【答案】例文Thank you for your letter. I am glad to tell you about my dream job. Teaching is my dream job because I would like to share my knowledge with my students and help them solve problems. I am outgoing and helpful. I get on well with children. Besides, the school's environment appeals to me and staying with students helps to keep me young and alive. To realize my dream, I have to make full use of spare time to acquire the essential knowledge and enter a good university. What efforts are you making for your dream?Tell me about your ideal job!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本题通过描写梦想中的职业，让学生对未来有憧憬，给一部分提示词，让学生有话可说。
介词拔高课（讲义）一、介词的概念概念：介词一般用于名词或代词前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系。
I often read English in themorning. Let’s meet at school.He often plays football with them.Thank you for helping me.二、介词的分类(一) 时间介词(二) 地点介词(三) 其他介词★★ (一) 时间介词in: 泛指的早中晚；月份；年份；；in springin the twenty-first centuryon: 某天的早中晚；某天 (日期；周几)；on New Year’s Day on weekends on vacation at: 具体的时刻；；at the age of 20at night / at Christmasduring: 在……期间(+时间段)She lives with us during these days.He visited his aunt during theholiday.before: 在……以前I have to go to bed before 10:00 p.m.after: 在……以后Lily often plays basketball after school.单选( )1. What do you want to do weekends?A. onB. overC. toD. in( )2. I like swimming summer.A. onB. inC. atD. for( )3. the age of 26, Lily became a writer.A. OnB. InC. ToD. At( )4. Jim learned to drive ___ the holiday.A. atB. duringC. toD. for( )5. He went to Shanghai July 7, 2013 and came backa cold morning last year.A. in; onB. on; inC. on; onD. in; in( )6. My mom often tells me to go back home dark(黄昏).A. afterB. toC. beforeD. for( )7. A lot of people are here _ vacation every year.A. ofB. onC. atD. with★★ (二) 地点介词1.地点介词 at, in, onat: “在……”(表一个点或小地方)at home at Mr. Cool’s Clothes Storeat the pool at Central Parkin: “在……里”(表一个范围或大地方) inChina in Beijingin the water in the parkon: “在……上”(表一个表面，并接触) onthe floor on the wall对比这三个句子：They stood at the door and waited.他们站在门口等着。
(站在门口那个点)There’s a hole in the door.门上有一个洞。
(从立体的角度看门上的洞)He’s putting up a picture on t he door.他正在把一幅画贴到门上。
(贴在门那个面上)2.表两地关系的方位介词 in, on, toA is the west ofB. A is the westof B. A is thewest of B.in: 在某一范围之内Guangdong is in the south of China.on: 与某地是毗邻关系Vietnam(越南) is on the south of China. to: 在某一范围之外(不接壤)Japan is to the east ofChina.用 in, on, to 填空1.Hebei is the north of Guangdong.2.Hebei isthe north of Henan.3.Hebei is the north of China.4.South Korea(韩国) is the east of China.5.Hainan is the south of China.3.在前面、在后面在外部前面：in front of (= before)在内部前面：in the front of在外部后面：behind在内部后面：at the back ofEg: A person is in front of the bus.4.在上面:on (接触): My book is on the table.over ( 正上): There is a light over the desk.above (泛指): We are flying above the clouds.在下面:beneath ( 接触 ): His pen is beneath the book.under (正下): A boy is standing under the tree.below (泛指): The coat reaches below the knees.5.在中间：between (在两者之间) (指地点或时间)Lucy is between Mary and Kate.Don’t eat between meals. among(在三者或以上中间) Lucy is among these girls. There is a house among the trees.6. 穿过：across: 从……表面穿过He walked across the road. He can swim across the river. through: 从……中间穿过They walked through the forest. I have to go through the crowd(人群).7. 在旁边：next to & beside & byLily is sitting next to the window. Lily is sitting beside the window. Lily is sitting by the window. 地点介词小结：1. 地点介词：at, in, on2. 表两地关系的方位介词：in, on, to3. 在前/后面：in front of, in the front of, behind, at the back of4. 在上/下面：on, over, above, beneath, under, below5. 在中间：between, among6. 穿过：across, through7. 在旁边：next to / beside / by单选( )1. Walk down this street. You’ll find the schoolthebank.A. in front ofB. in the front ofC. in back ofD. at the back of( )2. —Where do you sit, Jane?—I sit Linda. She is just on my left.A. next toB. in front ofC. behindD. among( )3. The accident happened _ 7p.m. 9p.m.A. from; toB. between; toC. from; andD. between; and( )4. We can see a river running to the east the hill.A. inB. belowC. overD. under ( )5. The moonlight goes __ the window and makes the room bright.A. acrossB. overC. throughD. in★★ (三) 其他介词1.with & withoutwith：和……一起；带有；用Shelives with her parents.This is a house with big windows.Cut it with a knife.without: 没有The fish can’t live without water.He went to school without breakfast.2.表“使用”时 in, with, by 的区别in：用语言Li Lei can sing this song in English.Can you tell me the story in Chinese?with：用具体有形的东西Cut it with a knife.He broke the window with a stone.by：用……手段或方式He makes a living by teaching.Lucy made her sister happy by singing.3.from “从……”和 to 连用时，表“从……到……”，既可以表时间，也可以表地点。
The shop is open from 8:00 to 20:00.He drove from Beijing to Zhengzhou.常用短语：be/come from 来自……learn from 向……学习buy…from从……买…4.to “到；朝向”He walks to school.I am on the way to the supermarket.常用短语：listen to 听……talk to 跟……说话write to 给……写信take to/bring to 带到……去/带到……来5.like “像；如同”What’s the weather like?What does he look like?常用短语：sound like 听起来像……look like 看起来像……be like (内外)像……其他介词小结：1.with & withoutwith：和……一起；带有；用without: 没有2.表“使用”时 in, with, by 的区别in：用语言 with：用具体有形的东西by：用……手段或方式3.from “从……”4.to “到；朝向”5.like “像；如同”单选( )1. The man a big nose is our math teacher.A.inB. withC. haveD. has ( )2. He sat there for a long time doing anything.A. withoutB. noC. notD. to ( )3. Li Ping often practices English chatting (聊天) with her American friends.A. inB. withC. byD. for ( )4. Tony and I are good friends. We usually learn a lot each other.A. ofB. fromC. acrossD. with ( )5. He works eight in the morning eight at night. So he is very tired every day.A. from; toB. from; atC. between; toD. at;to ( )6. She looks my English teacher.A. toB. withC. likeD. from三、介词搭配以及所作成分(一) 介词+名词in spring on vacation at night此类型短语在句中可作：1.(后置)定语：The news on TV today is exciting.2.表语：My sister is at home.3.状语：Lily often gets up at 6:00 a.m. (时间状语) He worked in China last year. (地点状语) Tom goes to school by bike. (方式状语)(二) 动词+介词come from listen to look like此类型短语在句中可作：谓语：David comes from the USA. Sheis looking for her pen.I wrote to my friend yesterday.(三) be+形容词+介词be interested in be good atbe strict with be latefor此类型短语在句中可作：谓语：I am interested in English.Alice is good at dancing.Our teacher is strict withus.四、课堂检测一、单选( )1. He often goes school half past six the morning.A.for; to; inB. to; at; inC. to; for; atD. for; at; to( )2. My parents usually take a walk dinner to keep healthy.A. atB. ofC. duringD.after ( )3. We sleep thenight and work in the day.A. onB. atC. duringD. for( )4. America is the south of Canada and _ the east of Japan.A. to; inB. on; toC. on; onD. in; beside ( )5. —What do you often do_ classes to relax yourself?—Listen to music.A. overB. amongC. betweenD. through ( )6. His grade in the exam put him the top students in his class.A. betweenB. overC. amongD. above ( )7. The young men walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. throughB. acrossC. overD. on( )8. Be careful when you walk the street.A. throughB. acrossC. underD. over( )9. —Why are you standing there, Lucy?—I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys aresitting me.A. behindB. in front ofC. besideD. next to( )10. The pay phone is thelibrary.A. nextB. acrossC. betweenD. behind ( )11. There is a bridge the river.A. onB. underC. overD. in( )12. We couldn’t finish our work so early your help.A.withoutB. withC. forD. by( )13. Next the hotel is a big house abeautiful garden.A./; andB. with; toC. with; andD. to; with ( )14. She is London. She likes bread breakfast.A. from; forB. to; toC. of; forD. from; to ( )15. Jane and Maria are going Beijing tomorrow.A. inB. toC. ofD. with ( )16. —What’s your teacher __ ?—She is always strict us.A. like; inB. like; withC. look; toD. look; with( )17. —How do you study for a test?—working with friends.A. ByB. WithC. OnD. In二、填空18.Fruit and vegetables are good our health.19.He won the 2012 Nobel Prize the age of 57.20.The workers built a new railroad the two cities.21.He arrived Beijing a rainy morning.22.I couldn’t do it your great help. Thanks a lot!三、用介词短语进行翻译23.在冬天24.在暑假期间25.在这些男孩中26.一杯加糖的牛奶27.穿过窗户四、翻译句子28.黑板在教室的前边。
