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(完整版word)过去完成时用法总结含答案解析

(完整版word)过去完成时用法总结含答案解析

一、初中英语过去完成时

1.By the time the alarm clock went off, My mother had already _________.

A. wake me up

B. wake up me

C. waken up me

D. waken me up

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:闹钟响时,我妈妈已经把我叫起来了。根据句意,动词应用过去完成时,用had +动词的过去分词。wake up是动副结构,代词作宾语必须放中间,故选D。

【点评】考查本单元的目标句型,只要熟练背诵句型,找出答案很简单。

2.— How long has the train been away?

— Sorry. I don't know. By the time I got here, the train ________.

A. has left

B. was leaving

C. had been away

D. had left

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——火车离开多久了?——很抱歉。我不知道。我到这儿的时候,火车已经离开了。由By the time I got here可知该用过去完成时,所以选C。

【点评】考查动词时态。

3.Seeing John rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what .

A. would happen

B. had happened

C. happened

D. was happened

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】所填写动作发生在asked以前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选B。句意是:看到约翰眼里含着泪水冲进房间,我问他发生什么事了。

【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。

4.By the time I locked the door, I realized I my keys at home.

A. had repaired

B. had changed

C. had forgotten

D. had left

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意为“到我锁门的时候,我才意识到把钥匙忘在家里了”,表示“把某物遗忘在某处”要用leave。该动作发生在realized之前,用过去完成时,故选D。

【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。

5.Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what .

A. happened

B. had happened

C. would happen

D. was happened

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室,我问他发生了什么。根据动词asked 一般过去时可知,动词happen的动作发生在asked之前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选B。

【点评】本题考查过去完成时,注意掌握过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。

6.The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she before.

A. didn't fly

B. hasn't flown

C. hadn't flown

D. wasn't flying

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:飞机上坐在我旁边的女孩很紧张,因为她以前没有坐过飞机。根据上文的句子The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous的一般过去时态可知,这里空白处所表示的是过去的过去,谓语应该用过去完成时态:had+动词的过去分词。根据句意,故答案为C。

【点评】考查过去完成时态。掌握过去完成的意义和用法:表示过去的过去的动作或状态。用had+动词的过去分词表达。

7.The boy was _____ on the ground and he had _____ bicycle behind the big tree.

A. lying; laid

B. lying; lay

C. lay; lain

D. lied; lied

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:这个男孩躺在地上,他把自行车放在了大树的后面。lie有两个意思,躺下,这时过去式是lay,过去分词是lain,现在分词是lying;另一个意思是撒谎,过去式和过去分词是lied;lay可以作为lie的过去式,也可以做动词原形,意思是下蛋,放置,过去式和过去分词是laid。根据句意可知,第一个空是躺下,用的是过去进行时,故这里填现在分词lying;第二个空是放置,用的是过去完成时,故填lay的过去分词laid。选A。

【点评】考查动词辨析,过去进行时态,过去完成时态。

8.The fireman________ the burning building three times before the fire was put out. A. is entering B. has entered C. was entering D. had entered

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:消防队员三次进入着火的大楼,才把火扑灭。A. is entering现在进行时;B. has entered现在完成时;C. was entering过去进行时;D. had entered过去完成时。根据 was put out,可知一般过去时,消防队员三次进入着火的大楼,动作已经完成,因此用过去完成时(表达过去的过去),had entered,故选D。

【点评】考查句子时态。注意过去完成时的用法。

9.By the time we got there, the film ________ already.

A. began

B. has begun

C. have begun

D. had begun

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:我们到那儿时,电影已经开始了。by the time,直到……时候,指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间,常与过去完成时连用。故选D。

【点评】考查时态,注意 by the time+过去时的用法。

10.By the time I got there, the football match ________ already ________.

A. has; finished

B. was; finished

C. had; finished

D. /; finished

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:到我到达那里的时候,足球赛已经结束了。by the time通常用完成时态,根据got可知是过去完成时,故选C。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

11.——Jim, did you take out the trash just now?

——No. By the time I came home it .

A. have been taken out

B. had taken out

C. had been taken out

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】take out拿出,带出,by the time直到,came home是过去时,扔垃圾是发生在came之前的动作,过去完成时表示的是过去的过去。又有be+动词过去分词构成被动语态。had been+过去分词,含有被动语态的过去完成时。句意:Jim,刚才是你把垃圾扔了吗?不,我回来的时候垃圾已经被扔了。故选C。

【点评】考查被动语态及过去完成时的用法。

12.— What do you think of the young lady?

— She is hard-working. She ________ all her effort into her work before she got ill.

A. has put

B. put

C. had put

D. would put

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你认为这位小姐怎样?——她很勤奋。她生病前把她所有的精力都投入到她的工作中。根据时间状语从句before she got ill.可知主句动作是过去的过去,该用过去完成时态:had+过去分词,故答案为C。

【点评】考查过去完成时。理解句意并掌握过去完成时表示过去的过去,构成为:had+过去分词。

13.Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already.

A. got, had left

B. got, has left

C. had got, left

D. got, left

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:昨天当我到达车站时,火车已经离开了。结合语境可知前文时间状语从句描述的是过去某时发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。下文,描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态,选A。

【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系,注意结合这一特点进行区分。

14.Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years.

A. works

B. has worked

C. had worked

D. would work

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前,他已经在香港工作了10年了。根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知,主持节目这个动作发生在过去,而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去,时态要用过去完成时(had +过去分词),故选C。

【点评】考查动词的时态。牢记过去完成时的用法。

15.By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city.

A. have been

B. have

C. had been

D. will

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:到2012年底,我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者,该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时,所以选C。

16.By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy.

A. raised

B. would raise

C. had raised

D. has raised

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:在上个月末,珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据By the end of last month,可知句子的时态为过去完成时,C是过去完成时结构,故答案是C。

【点评】考查过去完成时,注意过去完成的时的判定方法。

17.Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home.

A. has forgotten … comes

B. forgot… come

C. had left… came

D. had left…would come

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了,因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。结合语境可知前文描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。下文指的是过去某时的动作,故用一般过去时态。选C。

【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。

18.We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest.

A. to have

B. having

C. have

D. has

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我们是在太累了,停下来休息一下吧。stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A

【点评】注意时态一致,

19.—Peter, _______ you _______ your homework?

—Not yet, I'll do it at once.

A. have; finished

B. Did; finish

C. Will; finish

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——皮特,你完成作业了吗?——还没有,我马上做。根据Not yet, I'll do it at once.可知此处问你的作业完成了吗,所以句子时态用现在完成时,现在完成时的结构have+done,故选A。

【点评】此题考查句子时态。要根据上下文的联系确定句子时态。

20.The film when I got there.

A. was on

B. has been on

C. had begun

D. has begun

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】题中“I got there”表现的是过去时,且题意表达已经开始故为过去完成时,故选C.

【点评】此题考查过去完成时。

21.When Tom got to the examination room, he realized he ______ his pen at home.

A. was leaving

B. had left

C. forgot

D. was forgetting

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意为:汤姆一进入考试室就意识到了他把笔落在家里了。根据语境,这是一个发生在“过去的过去”(即意识到之前)的一个动作,因此要用过去完成时。故选B。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

22.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 10 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:当他到达车站时,公交车已经离开10分钟了。for+时间段,表示动作或状态的延续,leave是短暂性动词,故用其相对应的延续性结构be away,公交车离开发生在他到达之前,所以用过去完成时,故选D。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

23.She ______ to go to school earlier, but she forgot to get up.

A. plans

B. planned

C. had planned

D. has planned

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:她本来打算早点上学,但是她忘记起床了。动词plan用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选C。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

24.They to help but could not get there in time.

A. wanted

B. had wanted

C. want

D. have wanted

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:他们本来打算去帮忙,但没有及时赶到那里。动词want用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选B。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

25.We to be able to come and see you.

A. had hoped

B. hope

C. have hoped

D. are hope

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:我们本来希望能来看看你。动词hope用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选A。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

26.The movement of boycotting(联合抵制)the South Korean goods in whole China

_______ for a few months by the time Lotte Group(乐天集团)agreed to provide land for USA.

A. had been on

B. had begun

C. has been on

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:到乐天集团为美国提供土地为止,政府在全中国联合抵制韩国货

物已经开始了一段时间。by +过去时间状语和过去完成时连用,可知句子时态要用过去完

成时,begin为瞬间动词,不能与一段时间连用。故选A。

【点评】此题考查过去完成时。注意和过去时间状语连用。

27.She to be a good mother.

A. have thought

B. thought

C. thinks

D. had thought

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:她本来想做一个好妈妈。动词think用过去完成时来表示过去未

曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选D。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

28.Tom realized that he ________ his physics book at home when he reached school.

A. left

B. had left

C. was leaving

D. leaves

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】本题考查过去完成时的用法,由had+过去分词。我们可以看到意识到和

到都是过去的动作,而忘记带物理书则是在意识到之前,故为过去的过去,选B。

29.She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.

A. has begun

B. had begun

C. has been on

D. had been on

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:她说当她到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got

可知,电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态,应该用过去完成时,所以排

除A和C。开始begin,电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态,要用延续性的动词,所以要

将瞬间动词begin改为be on,故选D。

【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。

30.Pardon? I _____ quite catch you.

I said I ______ the song before.

A. didn't, hadn't heard

B. don't, didn't hear

C. didn't, didn't hear

D. won't, hadn't heard

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:请再说一遍,我没太听清你说的话。——我说,我以前听过这首歌。结合语境可知上文描述的是刚才发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。下文描述的是过去某时之前完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。选A。

【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系,注意结合这一特点进行区分。

31.I asked your mother if she that dress.

A. bought

B. had bought

C. had buyed

D. buy

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:我问你妈妈她是否买了那件裙子。本句中从句的动作应该是发生在ask之前的. 所以用“had+过去分词”形式来表达。故选D

【点评】考查过去完成时。

32.Rose and Minnie ________ each other pretty well before they worked in the same bank.

A. knows

B. know

C. have known

D. had known

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:罗斯和米妮他们在同一个银行工作以前就认识了。根据时间状语before they worked in the same bank可知,认识是在同一个银行工作之前,worked是过去时,所以,空白处指过去的过去,用过去完成时:had+过去分词,故答案为D。

【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义:表过去的过去;构成:had+过去分词。

33.By the first day of August, 2007, the PLA ________ for eighty years.

A. founded

B. has founded

C. has been found

D. had been founded

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:到2007年八月的第一天,中国人民解放军已经建立了八十年了。结合语境可知本句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。主语是被建立的对象,故用被动语态,选D。

【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。

34.Nick stayed up really late last night. So this morning he by the time the class began.

A. had fallen asleep

B. had showm up

C. had realized

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】stay up熬夜,by the time直到,句意:Nick昨晚熬夜到很晚,因此今天上午直到上课他也没有起来。fall asleep入睡,睡觉。began是过去时,过去的过去用过去完成时,故选A。

【点评】考查过去完成时的用法。

35.By the time my mum got home, I _______ my homework.

A. have finished

B. had finished

C. finished

D. will finish

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查动词时态。句意为“我母亲到家时,我已经做完作业了。”主句动作在从句动作(一般过去时)之前就已经完成了,因此主句应用过去完成时,故选B。

36.By the time she went outside, the bus ____ already ______ .

A. had, gone

B. had, went

C. has, gone

D. has, went

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】这题考查时态的用法,by the time是连词词组,可以连接时间状语从句,“到什么时候为止”,主句一般和相应的完成时连用,因为从句是过去时,所以从句用过去完成时连用。选A。句意是:到她出去的时间为止,公共汽车已经走了。

37.I ______ to study hard, but someone disturb me.

A. thought

B. had thought

C. have thought

D. think

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:我本来想努力学习,但是有人打扰了我。动词think用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。故选B。

【点评】考查过去完成时。

38.When I got to the cinema, the film ___________ for 15 minutes.

A. has begun

B. has been

C. has been on

D. had been on

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始十五分钟了。结合语境可知主句描述的是持续到过去某时并将继续下去的动作,故用过去完成时态。选D。

【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。

39.Mr. Wang ______ in this factory for 30 years already.

A. works

B. is working

C. has worked

D. will work

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:王先生在这个工厂工作已经30年了。根据for 30 years already,可知句子为现在完成时,表示发生于过去的动作一直持续到现在。C是现在完成时结构,故答案是C。

【点评】考查现在完成时,注意结合时间状语确定句子的时态和句子结构。

40.His father said that he_____ Zhang Jiajie for 10 days.

A. has been in

B. has gone to

C. had gone to

D. had been in

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:他爸说去张家界10天了。A.去了某地,人还没回,现在完成时;

B.has been in去了某地,人还在那里,现在完成时;

C.去了某地,人还没回,过去完成时;

D.去了某地,人还在那里,过去完成时。从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前,从句用过去完成时,故排除AB,说话的时候,他爸爸还在张家界,用had been in,符合题意,故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意识记have been in和过去完成时的用法。

二、初中英语现在完成进行时

41.— You look tired.

— I ___________ clothes all day.

A. washed

B. have washed

C. was about to wash

D. have been washing

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:——你看上去很累。——我洗了一天的衣服。此处表示动作一整天都在进行,一直在持续,用现在完成进行时,故选D。

【点评】考查动词时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。

42.We can’t get sleep with a strong wind outside.

A. blow

B. blowing

C. blew

D. blows

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:我们不能睡在外面,外面大风吹。blowing表示正在进行时。

【点评】考察with结构。

43.I to Rongjiang last year.But I never to Chongjiang.

A. went,have,been

B. will go,have,been

C. went,have,gone

D. go,have,gone

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:去年我去了榕江,但我从未去过重江。由last year可知,第一句用一般过去时;由第二句中的never可知,用现在完成时,故选A。

【点评】考查动词的时态,注意句中的时间状语的暗示。

44.China ________________ great achievements in science and technology since 1978.

A. makes

B. made

C. has made

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:自1978年以来,中国在科学技术方面取得了巨大成就。make great achievement取得巨大成就,A.动词三单式;B.一般过去式;C.现在完成时。根据since,可知时态用现在完成时,故选C。

【点评】考查动词的时态。注意现在完成时的用法。

45.The most delicious cookies in the world ________ by granny. Please wait ten more minutes to enjoy them.

A. makes

B. is made

C. is being made

D. is going to make

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查时态和语态。句意:奶奶正在做世界上最好吃的饼干,再有十几分钟就可以享用了。依据后面一句话的内容可知,奶奶是正在做饼干,故需要使用现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。

46.I ________ my homework for four hours, but I am not sure whether I can hand it in tomorrow.

A. have done

B. have been doing

C. had been doing

D. had done

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查时态。句意:四个小时以来,我一直都在做家庭作业,但是我不确

信我是否能在明天上交它。现在完成进行时通常表示过去发生的事情延续到现在,而且还

在继续发生,强调事情的延续性和反复性。故B正确。

【点评】考查时态

47.— He speaks Chinese very well.

— It's not surprising. He ___ in Beijing for nine years next week.

A. has been living

B. has lived

C. will have been lived

D. will have been living

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:—他汉语说的很好。—这不吃惊。下周他将已经在北京住了九年了。表示持续到现在并且仍在进行的动作,应用现在完成进行时。live为不及物动词,无

被动语态。故知选D项。

【点评】考查时态。

48.Mary_______ to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.

A. had gone

B. has been going

C. is going

D. went

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】。句意:从6月开始,玛丽每天晚上去上写作课,这个课程将于这周末结束。玛丽上写作课的动作从过去持续到未来的这周末,所以要用现在完成进行时。故选B。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用,现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时

间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。

49.Have you ever _______ with a group?

A. to speak

B. study

C. studying

D. studied

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:你曾经有过小组学习吗?现在完成时的结构:have+过去分词,故选D。

【点评】考查现在完成时的结构。

50.Even though he gives away a piece of his fortune each year, the stock of Berkshire Hathaway, the source of Warren Buffet's wealth, very rapidly.

A. has raised

B. has been raising

C. has risen

D. has been rising

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】考查动词时态。句意:即使巴菲特每年都捐赠一部分财产,巴菲特所持

有的伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的股票一直增长迅速。raise是及物动词,要用raise的话,需要改成“财产被提高”;rise是不及物动词,表示某物上涨;财富在持续上涨,表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还要持续下去,用现在完成进行时。故选D。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上,进一步牢固掌握动词的各种时态的用法。

51.Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ________ in China in the last five years.

A. works

B. is working

C. are working

D. have been working

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:Herpin先生是过去五年在中国工作的外国专家之一。根据in the last five years可知,句子用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态,故选D。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时。

52.—You look pretty tired today!

—I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.

A. wrote

B. was writing

C. had written

D. have been writing

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:—你今天看起来很累!—在过去的几天里我一直在写一个环境报告,这个报告明天应要提交给老板。表示从几天前开始一直进行持续到现在的动作,用现在完成进行时,故选D.

【点评】考查动词时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。

53.It _________ for two weeks, and the whole area is flooded.

A. had rained

B. rains

C. would rain

D. has been raining

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:连续下雨已经两周了,整个地区都发洪水了。根据时间状语for two weeks,表示雨持续了两周,即:雨一直在进行,要用现在完成进行时态.故选D。【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。

54.— I so busily recently that I no time to help you with your maths.

—That's OK. I can manage it by myself.

A. have been working; have

B. have worked; had

C. am working; will have

D. had been working; had had

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:—我最近工作太忙碌了,没时间帮你学数学。—没关系我自己能搞定。由“recently”可知,本句为现在完成进行时,表示动作还可能持续下去,而第二个空表示现在所处的状态,所以用一般现在时。故选A。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时和一般现在时的应用。

55.Our headteacher ____for months to make sure that we understand the importance of concentration.

A. tried

B. was trying

C. has been trying

D. is trying

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意: 我们的班主任几个月来一直在努力确保我们理解集中注意力的重要性。现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作,这个动作可能仍在进行。分析本句可知,try这个动作现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行,这个动作可能仍在进行。且由“for months”也表明本句应该用现在完成进行时。故选C。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时。

56.—Wow! So many different aliens' appearances you draw!

—I ______many websites about aliens.

A. will visit

B. was visiting

C. had visited

D. have been visiting

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——哇!你画了那么多外星人的外貌!——我一直在访问很多关于外星人的网站。分析句子可知,由前句可知,指的是现在你画的。可推断出第二句是指从过去到现在一直在访问这些网站,动作从过去一直持续到现在,且这个动作一直在进行,故要用现在完成进行时,因此D符合题意,故选D。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时。

57.The May Fourth Movement was launched in 1919 and its spirit ________ Chinese youth to make contributions to national rejuvenation ever since.

A. is motivating

B. has been motivating

C. motivated

D. was motivating

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:五四运动于1919年发起,其精神一直激励着中国青年为民族复兴而努力。由"ever since"可知,本句为现在完成进行时,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者可能仍然要继续下去。故选B。

【点评】考查时态,本题涉及现在完成进行时。

58.From his tired face, I can tell he in the queue for a long time.

A. is waiting

B. will wait

C. will be waiting

D. has been waiting

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:从他疲惫的脸上,我可以看出他已经排了很长时间的队了。根据下文for a long time可知应用现在完成进行时,故选D。

【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及现在完成进行时。

59.They the plan for a week, but no decision has .

A. have been discussing; made

B. have been discussing; been made

C. have been discussed; been made

D. are discussing; been made

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:他们已经讨论这个计划一个星期了,但还没有作出决定。第一空:一周了问题一直还在讨论,因此用现在完成进行时;第二空:decision和make是被动关系,因此谓语动词用被动语态,结合助动词has,可知用现在完成时的被动语态,故选B。

【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及现在完成进行时以及现在完成时的被动语态。

60.—Nice to see you again after all these years. What ________?

—Well, I've tried many things since we left school. I'm now working for a large oil company.

A. have you done

B. were you doing

C. did you do

D. have you been doing

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】考查时态。句意:—这么多年以后再次看见你真是太好了。这些年你一直在做什么?—自从我毕业以后我尝试了很多事情。我现在在一家大型的石油公司。根据句意说明是问对方这些年在做什么,因此使用现在完成进行时表示。故答案为D。

【点评】本题难度不大,重点把握句意和熟知现在完成进行时的内涵。

人教版英语英语现在完成时的用法大全含解析

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最新现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案)

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过去完成时态用法小结

过去完成时态的用法小结 默认分类2009-12-27 12:54:52 阅读281 评论0 字号:大中小订阅 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示,也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去,常与for,since等词连用。如: He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年,去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前,已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中,先发生的事放在后面叙述时,要用过去完成时。如: Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家,他的父亲却已经去世了。4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。 He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间,他们就议论起他来。 We had hardly begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。 It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话,这是第一次。 二、过去完成时与一般过去时的比较 1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时,两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。 We had breakfast after we did morning exercises. 做完早操后,我们吃早饭。 The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。 They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。 2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时,用一般过去时。 He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子,打开灯,坐在桌子旁。 3. 在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时,hope, mean, plan, think, intend等谓语动词常用过去完成时。 I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn’t catch the train. 我本来希望昨晚回来的,但没搭上火车。 We had thought to return early but they wouldn’t let us go. 我们本想早回来的,但他们不让我们走。 4. 在表示过去的句子中出现常与完成时态连用的词,如:already,yet,since,for,ever,never及次数名词等时,常用过去完成时来表示。

现在完成时的基本用法

现在完成时讲解与练习 (一)现在完成时的基本用法 (1)强调动作是从过去持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。 (2)强调对现在的影响或结果,此用法容易和一般过去时混淆。两者的区别是:一般过去时有动作发生的时间点,即过去某一时间发生某一动作;现在完成时则没有,即不强调是哪个时间点发生的动作,而强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 (3)在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作,但是结果对现在有影响。一、现在完成时的构成 (一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) (二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如:

现在完成时的用法解析

Lead in 一般过去时导入:一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I lost my pen.(过去时) I have lost my pen.(现在完成时) 过去时一般表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态。“我把笔丢了”,说话人只是想告诉对方在过去的某一个时间里他的笔丢了,仅此而已。(仅仅是在陈诉过去的一个事实,与现在没有关系) New lesson 一.现在完成时的构成: 助动词have/has(not) +动词过去分词 She has turned on the lights. 肯定式:have/ has+过去分词 否定式:haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词 疑问式:把have/has 提到主语前面 肯定回答:Yes,…have/has 否定回答:No,…..haven’t/hasn’t 二.用法 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果. 例如:She has gone. 她走了. She went in the past.(She is not here

now.) I have just cleaned my hands. 我刚洗过手。(“洗手”是发生在过去的动作,对现在造成的结果是“手干净了”) I have closed the door. (The door is close now.) She has turned on the lights. (The lights are on now.) He has written his name on the blackboard. (The name is on the blackboard now.) Mother has cooked the dinner. (We can have dinner now.) You have seen the film. (You know what the film is about.) We have cleaned the classroom. (The classroom is clean now.) 2. 表示动作发生在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能继续延续下去。这时常和since所引导的短语或从句或for引导的短语连用(for有时可以省去)。以及so far, by now, these days, in the last/past … years/days…等连用。 I have lived here for over ten years. (表示他现在还在这里居住,并且还有可能继续住下去)比较:I lived here ten years ago.(仅仅说明了他十年前在这里记住过的事实,不代表现在他还住在这里) He has studied here since 2006. 都用How long 提问,例: We have learned English for three years. We have learned English since three years ago.

过去完成时知识点总结和题型总结(word)

过去完成时知识点总结和题型总结(word) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1.—We all went to the park except you last weekend. Why didn't you come? —Because I the park twice. A. have gone to B. had gone to C. had been to D. have been to 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】have gone to去了(尚未回).have been to去过(已回),根据句意在last weekend之前去过,所以用过去完成时,故选C。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法,表示在过去某一时间前已经发生的动作。 2.Sue didn't go to see the film with us last week because she ________________ it with her mother. A. has seen B. had seen C. will see D. saw 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:苏上星期没和我们一起去看电影,因为她和她妈妈一起看过了。 A.已经看了,现在完成时; B.已经看了,过去完成时; C.将看,一般将来时; D.看了,一般过去时。Sue和妈妈看了电影的影响是上周Sue没有和我们看电影,所以用完成时,根据didn't可知是与过去有关,所以用过去完成时,结构是had+动词过去分词,see的过去分词是seen,故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。 3.Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home. A. has forgotten … comes B. forgot… come C. had left… came D. had left…would come 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了,因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。结合语境可知前文描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。下文指的是过去某时的动作,故用一般过去时态。选C。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。 4.When I ______ the cinema, the film _______for ten minutes A. got to; has begun B. arrived at; has been on C. reached; had begun D. hurried to; had been on

英语过去完成时的用法总结

英语过去完成时的用法总结 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本结构 主语+had+过去分词vpp、(done) ①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词、 ②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词、 ③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+had、 否定回答:No,主语+had not 、 ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)? 基本用法表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如: By nine o’clock last night, we had got200 pictures from the spaceship、到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 过去完成时-语法判定 1、由时间状语来判定

一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: (1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如: I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night、 (2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term、 (3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday、 2、由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在: (1 )宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如: She said that she had seen the film before、 (2 )状语从句中

现在完成时的基本用法

现在完成时的基本用法 1、现在完成时表示影响 Hehasleftthecity.他已离开这个城市。(结果:他不在这个城市。) Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户 仍破着。) Ihavelostmypen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果:我现在无钢笔用。) Hehasfinishedhiswork.他把工作做完了。(结果:他现在可以做其他的事了。) 2、现在完成时表示持续 该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束,而是一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去(也 可能到此结束),如汉语说“他在我们学校教书已有30年了”,显 然“他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始,并且一直教到现在,已 经持续了30年;又如汉语说“自上个星期以来他一直很忙”,显然“忙”是从上个星期开始的,并且这一“忙”就一直忙到现在。如: Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他在我们学校教书已有30 年了。 Hehasbeenbusysincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 Hehasworkedforuseversinceheleftschool.他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。 3、现在完成时表示重复

即表示从过去某个时间直到现在的这个时间范围内不断重复发生的动作或情况,并且这个不断重复的动作有可能继续下去,也有可能到现在就结束。如: Howoftenhaveyouseenher?你隔多少见她一次? Myfatherhasalwaysgonetoworkbybike.我父亲一向骑车上班。 4、现在完成时表示将来 同一般现在时可以表示将来一样,现在完成时也可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。如: I’llwaituntilhehaswrittenhisletter.我愿等到他把信写完。 Whenyouhaverested,I’llshowyouthegarden.等你休息好之后,我领你看我们的花园。 二、现在完成时的基本定义和句型构成 基本定义 现在完成时有两种用法 1.过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。到现在为止已经发生或完成的动作。 2.表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态。 句型构成 基本结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p) 现在完成时用法 现在完成时用法 ①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语(或者其他). ②否定句:主语+havenot/hasnot+动词的过去分词(p.p)(V-ed)+宾语.

(英语语法)四种完成时态

LESSON EIGHT 四种完成时态 主系表 现在:You are rich. 过去:You were rich. 将来:You will be rich. 过去将来:You would be rich. There be 现在:There is a book on the desk . 过去:There was a book on the desk. 将来:There will be a book on the desk. 过去将来:There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状 现在:You study English in the school. 过去时:You studied English in the school. 将来时: You will study English in the school. You are going to study English. You are to study English. are about to study English would study English in the scho You were going to study English. You were to study English. You were about to study English. You are studying English. You were studying English. You will be studying English. You woud be studying English.

人教版英语过去完成时的用法大全附答案

人教版英语过去完成时的用法大全附答案 一、初中英语过去完成时 1.By the time I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home. A. have forgotten B. had forgotten C. have left D. had left 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:我到学校的时候,我意识到我把书包忘在家里。考查过去完成时。by the time:到…时候为止;通常引导一个时间状语从句,表示“到……的时候为止”主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。值得注意的是,当从句用过去时时,主句通常用过去完成时。Leave sth. Sp.:把…落在某地。结合句意和语境可知选D。 【点评】此题考查过去完成时的用法。 2.Mary thought of the party which she___________ for this day. A. plan B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽想起了她今天计划的聚会。plan的动作发生在thought of的动作之前,表示过去的过去,要用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法。注意过去完成时表示过去的过去含义。 3.The bus ______ for five minutes when Tim arrived at the station. A. went B. has left C. had left D. had been away 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:当迪姆到达车站时,公交离开了五分钟了。表示到达车站前已经发生或完成的动作,句子用过去完成时态;leave是一个非延续性的动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语for…连用,可以表达成be away,形容词表示状态,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。故选D。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时以及延续性动词的用法。 4.The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous, for she before. A. didn't fly B. hasn't flown C. hadn't flown D. wasn't flying 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意:飞机上坐在我旁边的女孩很紧张,因为她以前没有坐过飞机。根据上文的句子The girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous的一般过去时态可知,这里空白处所表示的是过去的过去,谓语应该用过去完成时态:had+动词的过去分词。根据句意,故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时态。掌握过去完成的意义和用法:表示过去的过去的动作或状

现在完成时延续性与暂短性动词用法

现在完成时(短暂性动词与延续性动词)的用法 基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done) ①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)(1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 注(超重要):瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 come-be go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead 1.have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词 1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill 3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词 1“be+on”代start,begin 2“be+up”代get up 3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等

过去完成时用法小结

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语)Mr. Smith has been in China for 10 years.史密斯先生在中国待过10年了。 (含义:他待的时间够长的了,他对中国的情况很熟了,或者他的中文自然讲得很棒了。 )Jane has stayed in Shanghai for 3 days.珍妮在上海待了两天。 (含义:珍妮待在上海的时间短,对这里的情况还很不熟悉,或者她不应该马上离开,应该多玩几天。 )I have taught English for 10 years.我已经教英语10年了。 (含义:我教英语的时间已经非常长了,有丰富的教学经验了。 )模仿造句:1.简(Jane)已经在杭州住了8年了。 2.我妈已经在这家公司工作20年了。 3.今天我已经练英语口语2个小时了。 本文作者:丹丹英语(公众号:英语语法学习)本文已获转载授权,版权归作者所有,如需转载,请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习。

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过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense):过去完成时表示过去某一时间之前完成的动作或发生的情况,句子谓语形式由had+动词的过去分词构成,通常表述为“过去的过去”。在不同的句子结构中有相应体现,也可跟有一定的时间状语,如by, before等介词或连词。 1. 过去完成时的结构: 肯定句:主语+had+done+others A. I had arrived. 我已经到了。 B. He had sent the letter. 他已经寄了这封信。 否定句:主语+had+not+done+others A. However,Her father had not brought her birthday presents. 然而,她的父亲没有给她买生日礼物。 疑问句:had+主语+done+others 肯定回答:YES,主语+had/否定回答:NO,主语+ hadn’t

A. Had Lisa gone to costume ball ? 丽莎已经去化妆舞会了吗? Yes,she had. 是的,她去了。 No,she hadn’t. 没有,她没去。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+had+主语+done+others A. Why had The Castle become a memory of generation? 为什么电影城堡已经成为了一代的记忆? 被动语态:主语+had(not)been+done+others A. At the end of last year,another magic design had been completed. 在去年低,另一个神奇的设计已经完成。 B. There was still doubtful that why the film had not been chased by public. 对于这部电影为什么没有被大众所追捧依然存在些疑惑。2. 过去完成时的用法 在宾语从句中的运用:

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现在完成时的构成和用法 I. 现在完成时 1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开 始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其他 4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他 5.一般疑问句:have或has。 6.例句:I've written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. II.现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成:助动词have/has + 过去分词 2. 现在完成时的主要用法 ⑴表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情现在 已经结束。 Someone has just turned off the light. 有人刚把灯关了。 I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了家庭作业。 ⑵表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能 仍在继续。 I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last. 我想看看从上次见到那地 方以来它发生了多大变化。 I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。 ⑶表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. Have you ever been to the Summer Palace? 你曾去过颐和园吗? I have never had a car. 我从未有过汽车。 ⑷现在完成时还常与句型This is the first time…,It’s the first time …连用。 This is the first time he has driven a car. 这是他第一次开车。 ⑸现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最…的。 It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。 3. 现在完成时的时间状语 ⑴常与不确定的时间状语连用,如:already, never, ever, just, yet, before, up to now, so far, for the last few weeks等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作. ⑵还可以和包括现在在内(到说话时仍未结束)的,表示一段时间的状语连用, 如:now, today, this morning (afternoon, evening, week, month, year), these days, since, for a long time等. ⑶since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今,since之后的时间为一点。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来,史密斯先生一直在这工作。

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