施心远《听力教程1》Unit 7

Unit 12Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms,link-ups and contractions.[Sound of busy street]Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up?Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us?Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny.Carl: Yeah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go.Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study.Carl: Well, maybe n ext time. You're (7)missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you.Carl: Bye.Part 2 Listening and Note-TakingTAPESCRIPTExercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it.The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all theboss’s letters, I (3) answer the easy ones and I (4) leave the difficult ones on the (5) boss’s desk.At about (6) 10 o’clockI make (7) a cup of coffee for the boss and for myself. Thenthe boss (8) dictates letters for about (9) an hour. Of course,I answer the phone (10)all day. Sometimes it doesn’t (11) stop.I have about (120 half an hour for lunch at about (13) one o’clock. Then I do jobs in the (140 office till about (15) five o’ clock.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Job InterviewTAPESCRIPTMs Brown: What was your previous job?Mr Wigmore: I worked for the National Bus Company.Ms Brown: And how long have you worked for them?Mr Wigmore: I’ve worked for them for f ive years.Ms Brown: How long have you been an area sales manager?Mr Wigmore: Eighteen months.Ms Brown: And what did you do before joining the Bus Company? Mr Wigmore: I worked for a chain of hotels as junior manager.Ms Brown: The post you’ve applied for involves a lot oftraveling. Have you been abroad much?Mr Wigmore: I’ve b een to most of Western Europe, and I’ve been to eastern Europe once, to Hungary.Ms Brown: Why did you go there?Mr Wigmore: The hotel sent me to attend a conference.Ms Brown: I see. Have you ever organized a conference yourself?Mr Wigmore: Yes. I have actually. Why?Ms Brown: Well, this job would require rather a lot oforganizing meetings and conferences.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.1. How many jobs has the interviewee had before he appliesfor this job? What are they?(He has had two jobs. He worked for the National Bus Company as an area sales manager. Before that, he worked for a chain of hotels as junior manager.)2. What are the requirements for this job?(This job involves a lot of traveling and requires rather a lot of organization meetings and conferences.)3. Do you think the interviewee is qualified for this job?Give your reasons.(Probably he is qualified for the job. Because he has beena manager for many years and he has been abroad much. Hehas been to most of Western Europe. He actually has theexperience of organization a conference.)Dialogue 2 Job RedundancyDavid: Cheer up, George. What’s happened to that happy smile we all know and love?George: Oh, hello, David .I was miles away, I’m afraid. David: What’s the problem? You look as if you’ve lost a pound and found 10 pence.George: Decisions, decisions. I’ve lost my job.David: You haven’t.George: I have.David: I thought you were doing so well.George: So did I. Then yesterday they gave us all the official letter. Apparently the business has been losing money, sothey’ve decided to close it down.David: Gracious, when?George: End of the week.David: You’ve worked there for quite a long time, haven’t you? George: Nearly six years.David: So you’re entitled to some redundancy* money?George: Not a lot. Not if they’ve been losing money.David: What are you going to do? Are you going to try and get another job in the music business?George: Well, I thought I might start a little business of myown.David: That’s a good idea. What sort of business? A music shop? George: No. A recording studio. Recording studios charge the earth these days and there are lots of youngsters who c an’t afford those prices. I thought …if I find suitablepremises*…I could offer a cut-price* recording service. David: That sounds a marvelous idea. Then, as you get more famous, you could increase your charges.George: No, I’d rather encourage young mus icians to come and make t heir first recording with me a nd then I thought maybeI could branch out and become an agent.David: Ah, I see. Then you could sell the recording made b y your protégés* to the big record companies.George: That’s the general idea.David: Great. Well, if you decide you need someone t o look after the accounts and make the coffee, let me know. I might beinterested.George: OK. I may take you up on* that offer. Bye.David: Bye.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T1. George is usually happy and gay. ( David: …What’s happened to that happy smile we all know and love?)F2. George works miles away. ( When George says “ Oh, hello, David. I was miles aways, I’m afraid,”　he means h e is not paying any attention.)F 3. George has just been to an interview. ( Probably Georgehas just been back from his work.)T4. George look s depressed. ( David: …　You look as if you ‘ve lost a pound and 10 pence.)F 5. Since the business is not doing well, the company decidesto reduce the number of its workers. ( Since the businessis not doing well, the company decides to close it down.)T 6. The company just gave George a week notice. ( the company will be closed down by the end of next week.)T 7. Since George has been working for the company for nearly six year, he should be given a sort of compensation. (Since George has been working for the company f or nearly six year,he should be given a sort of compensation, which is called redundancy money.)F 8. George is going to look for a new job. ( George is goingto start his own business.)F 9. George thinks his recording studio can attract youngstersby offering a high-quality recording service. ( Georgethinks his recording studio can attract youngsters byoffering a cut-price recording service.)F10. George would start a recording studio rather a music shop because he thinks he can make much more money. ( Thoughrecording studios charge the earth these days, George would just offer an opportunity for the young musicians to comeand make their first recording with him.)F11. George’s ambition is to establish a big record company.( George’s ambition is to branch out and become an agentand sell the recordings made by his protégés to the big record companies.)F 12. George has accepted David’s offer to be his accountant.( George may consider David’s offer later on.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 Burglary (1)The old lady was glad to be back at the block of flats whereshe lived. Her shopping had tired her. In the lift her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that herfront door was open. She was thinking that she must reprimand* her daily maid the next morning for such a monstrous negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the maidhad left and she knew that she had turned both keys in theirlocks. She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out. Looking into the drawingroom, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1 .D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.A 8.CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1TAPESCRIPTWater has long been considered important to the development of life. That is why scientists are so interested in findingwater in our solar system. Now, the American space agency has confirmed that there is water ice on the planet Mars.The discovery is a major step in the search for the conditions for life on the red planet. The discovery was madewith the help of an American spacecraft, the Phoenix Mars Lander. The spacecraft landed on the extreme north of Mars on May 25.On June 15, it dug a hole about seven centimeters deep in theMartian soil. The hole contained small particles of a light-colored substance. Scientists wondered whether the substance was frozen carbon dioxide, salt or water ice.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.The news item is about the experiment carried out on Mars bya spacecraft.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer thefollowing questions.1.The American space agency has confirmed that there is waterice on the planet Mars.2.The discovery was made with the help of an Americanspacecraft.3.The Phoenix Mars Lander.4.It is a major step in the search for the conditions for lifeon Mars.5.The spacecraft landed on the extreme north of Mars on May25.6.It dug a hole about seven centimeters deep in the Martiansoil.7.The hole contained small particles of a light-coloredsubstance.8.Scientists wondered whether the substance was frozen carbondioxide, salt or water ice.News Item 2An American study has suggested that melting ice in theArctic Sea is threatening permanently frozen soil. The studyfound that rates of warming in northern Alaska, Canada andRussia could increase when the sea ice melts quickly. Duringsuch periods, the increase could be more than three times greater than the average twenty-first century warming ratespredicted in earlier studies.The new study is the work of scientists from the NationalCenter for Atmospheric Research and the National Snow and IceData Center. The findings were reported last month in Geophysical Research Letters, a publication of the American Geophysical Union.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the followingsummary.The news item is about melting ice in the Arctic Sea that is threatening permanently frozen soil.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer the following questions.1.It has suggested that melting ice in the Arctic Sea isthreatening permanently frozen soil.2.In northern Alaska, Canada and Russia.3.The increase could be more than three times greater than theaverage twenty-first century.st month.5.In Geophysical Research Letters.6.The American Geophysical Union.News Item 3TAPESCRIPTSpace scientists have been searching nearby stars for planets with great success. The United States space agencysays that 264 exoplanets have been discovered so far. But,until now, few of the planetary systems found orbiting otherstars have been like our own s olar system. That has all changed with the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting a star calledFifty-Five Cancri in the constellation Cancer.The star is forty-one light years away from Earth. It isalso very similar to our own sun.Last month, astronomers announced the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting Fifty-Five Cancri. What makes the discovery extraordinary is that the new exoplanet orbits in what astronomers call a "habitable zone." This means t emperatures on the planet may b e warm e nough for liquid water to exist either on its surface or on one of its moons.Exercise A: Listen to the news i tem and complete the following summary.The news item is about the discovery of a fifth planet orbitinga star called Fifty-Five Cancri.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete thefollowing passage.Last month, astronomers announced the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting Fifty-Five Cancri. The star is 41 light years away from Earth and it is very similar to our own sun.According to the United States space agency, 264exoplanets have been discovered so far and few of the planetary systemsfound orbiting other stars are like our own s olar system. Thathas all changed with the discovery.What makes the discovery extraordinary is that the new exoplanet orbits is in a habitable zone, which means liquid water may on its surface or on one of its moons.Section There Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersTAPESCRIPTJenny: Would you like a game of tennis next Thursday?Chris: I can't, I'm afraid, I'm going to Bristol.Jenny: What for?Chris: I have an interview for a job as manager of a record shop.Jenny: I didn't know you wanted to move.Chris: Well, my p arents are going to retire to Bath next year, and I want to be near them.Jenny: How are you getting to Bristol?Chris: I have a bit of a problem, actually. My car isn'tworking at the moment. I'm thinking ofgetting a taxi to the station, and then getting a train.Jenny: I'll give you a lift to the station. Don't worryabout a taxi.Chris: Really?Jenny: Mmm.Chris: OK. Then I’ll get a taxi home.Jenny: Well, what time is your train back?Chris: It gets in at 21.15 ----- what's that? ----- quarterpast nine in the evening.Jenny: It's all right. I'll pick you up as well. It's notrouble.Chris: That's great! Thanks a lot. Jenny.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some q uestions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence afteryou have heard it.Questions:1. What does Jenny want to know?(She wants to know whether Chris would like a game o f tennis next Thursday.)2. Can Chris play tennis with her next Thursday?(No, he is unable to.)3. Why isn't he able to de that?(He will go to Bristol to have an interview for a job.)4. What kind of job does au-is apply for?(He applies for a job as manager of a record shop.)5. Why does Chris want to move?(His parents are going to retire next year and he wants to be near them.)6. How is Chris getting to Bristol?(He's thinking of getting a taxi to the station and thengetting a train.)7. Why needn't Chris worry about a taxi?(Jenny will give him a lift.)8. What time is his train back?(It is a quarter past nine in the evening.)Part 2 RetellingRuth Lawrence, a 13-year-old English girl, was awarded adegree at the University of Oxford. When speaking to the reporters from television, radio and the press Ruth said thatshe was not a genius, and her success was the result of a lotof hard work.Ruth is very special girl. At Oxford University Ruth completed her degree in two years instead of the usual three.Her teacher says that Ruth has the quickest mind than anystudent she has ever known.Ruth has never attended school. Ruth's father has been her teacher for the most of her life and he stopped working for his computer company to go to Oxford with her. Mrs. Lawrence hasbeen managing the computer company since Ruth and her fatherwent to Oxford.Ruth's father said that he was very happy with his daughter's success. And he hoped that Ruth was going to stayin Oxford and do researchExercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Listening ComprehensionPassage 1 Burglary (2)TAPESCRIPTIt was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence. Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age t might be more prudent to have someone with her,so she went to (etch the porter from his basement. By this timeher legs were beginning to tremble, so she sat down a nd accepted a cup of very strong tea, while he telephoned the police.They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder* the police in their search for fingerprints. It seemed a s though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over. At least sorting out the things she should have discarded* years ago was being made easier lot her. Then a police inspector arrived with a constable and she told them of her discovery of the ransacked flat. Theinspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constablechecked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys orentered over the balcony. There was no trace of fingerprints,but the inspector found a dirty red bundle that contained jewellery which the old lady said was not hers. So their entry into this flat was apparently not tile burglars first job that day.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8.BPassage 2 Nursing CrisisThe World Health Organization says the number of flumes andmidwives around the world is decreasing. Nurses are health care workers who are trained to care the sick people. Midwives arehealth care workers who are trained m assist women during childbirth. The World Health Organization says this decreasein skilled health cam providers will hurt health care services in many countriesMost nurses and midwives are said to be leaving the health care profession because of several reasons. They include lowpay and poor working conditions Health care experts discussedthese problems daring a meeting in December. They met al theWorld Health Organization headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland Experts said the problems explain why it is becoming more difficult to bring new people into die nursing and midwifeprofessions.Naeema Al-- Gasseer is in expert in nursing and midwifery the World Health Organization. She says health services indeveloping countries may suffer most from the shortage. Shesays More people may get sick and die number of women who die while giving birth may i ncrease Mizz—Al Gasseer also says the number of babies and children in developing countries may increase because the services of nurses and midwives will nolonger be provided.AI-Gasseer also says them is a so--called "skills drain"around the world. This means that nurses and midwives in developing countries are being offered belier jobs in industrial countries. As a result, she says an already badsituation is worsening.For example, the World Health Organization reports about one hospital in Zambia. The Hospital has only five-hundrednurses However, the hospital needs three limes as many nursesto operate effectively. This same situation is happening allover the world. For example, the WorldHeath Organization reports there has been a decrease in thenumber of nurses in Poland, Chile and Egypt.Because of this problem, the World Health Organization says governments around the World need to take immediate action. It says countries need to solve the problem of the shortage of nurse and midwives to protect the health of their people.Exercise A: Listen to the report and give the definition of the following words.A nurse is a health care worker who is trained to care for sick people.A midwife is a health care worker who is trained to assist women during childbirth.“Skills drain”means t hat nurses, and midwives in developing countries are being offered better job industrial countries.Exercise B: Listen to the report again and complete the following sentences.1. This report is mainly about nursing crisis.2. The World Health Organization headquarters are in Geneva. Switzerland.3 Most nurses and midwives are leaving the health care profession because of low pay and poor working conditions.4 Governments around the world need to take immediate action solve this problem.Part 2 Oral WorkTAPESCRIPTIt is a strange experience coming back to the place where you were born and brought up after being away for many years. This happened to Bob a few months ago when he decided to return to Brighton to take up the post of reporter on a newspaper there. Bob get this job through an old friend of his. Though Bob didn't need to worry about his job any longer, he had otherproblems. He quickly discovered that his hometown l ooked quite unfamiliar to him when he went to look for somewhere to live..word格式,Many parts el it had completely changed. Having to look for aflat helped him to rediscover it, lot he had to search hardbefore he could find what he wanted.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion onthe following topics,1. Great changes have taken place in our country, even in your hometown .And it is still changing. Do you Bliss any of thethings that no longer exist in your hometown?2 How c an you be prepared to adapt yourself to the old unfamiliar hometown?, 专业.专注.。

UNIT 7Section one Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationMeet Your ChiropractorThe doctor of chiropractic (D.C.) is a (1) well-recognized member of the health team who (2) considers the human body as a total functioning (3) unit and gives special attention to the spine, (4) muscles, nerves, circulatory and skeletal (5) systems. The chiropractor seeks to (6) relieve pain.The procedures utilized are primarily focused on the (7) spine. The chiropractor is concerned about the spine's relationship to the (8) nerve system, which controls important body functions. The chiropractor knows that a malfunctioning* spinal joint cannot only cause (9) back pain or headaches, it can also (10) interfere with the nerves leading from the spine, thereby (11) affecting other portions of the body.Millions of Americans are chiropractic patients for a wide variety of (12) health disorders. They depend on their chiropractor as their (13) family doctor to help them maintain their health through proper (14) diagnosis, treatment, and referral when (15) necessary.A minimum of six years of college study including internships (16) goes into the making of a chiropractic physician. Many doctors of chiropractic choose to (17) limit their practices to certain specialties, such as (18) sports injuries, nutrition, orthopedics or radiology.As a (19) licensed and regulated member of the healing arts, the doctor of chiropractic must pass a state (20) licensing board examination in order to practice.Part 2 listening for GistLike the "Iron Age" volunteers, Paul has also chosen to cut himself off from many aspects of modem life, not, however, as an experiment but because he feels it is a more satisfactory way to live. He is talking about his small cottage in the Welsh mountains:"And that brings me to say what is primitive about it, namely, it is anything that has to be done, and there are obviously certain basic needs of life, is 'DIY' as they say: Do it yourself. There is no labor to be had nowadays in such a remote part. Er, there are no neighbors for most of the year and so you are on your own entirely. The place itself is extremely primitive. Er, I mentioned the water. I mentioned that we now have got electricity. Er, the building itself - it's important to keep it clean and it's stupid to try. We try to keep it tidy, and reasonably clean. It is very difficult to keep it warm, warm enough particularly in winter and that we do by an old kitchen range with coal and wood."ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.The topic sentence is "The place itself is extremely primitive."Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart1 DialogueA Healthy LifeDr Martin Answay writes a column in a popular women's magazine on health problems. He is also an expert on heart disease.Q: Is there a secret to good health? I mean, is there some way we can achieve it which is not generally known?A: It certainly isn't a secret. However, there is a great deal of ignorance, even among supposedly educated people, about how to be reasonably healthy.Q: Well, what advice do you give, then?A: Vh ... to begin with, take diet. I believe that one of the greatest dangers to health in Britain and other countries ... particularly developed countries ... is the kind offood we tend to prefer.Q: Such as?A: Such as that great national institution, the British breakfast, for example, ham and eggs. Or the kind of lunch so many people in this country have: sausage and chips!Or all the convenience foods like hamburgers. Or even things we regard as "healthy", such as full-fat milk. Or Cheddar cheese. The list is endless.Q: What's wrong with those things?A: The excessive consumption of such things leads to the overproduction of cholesterol, which in turn results in heart attack ...Q: Excuse me, but what exactly is cholesterol?A: It's a ... wax-like substance ... yellowish ... and it's produced naturally in our livers.We all need some cholesterol for survival.Q: Well, if we need it, in what way is it bad for us?A: Too much of it is bad for us. It builds up in our arteries, causing them to get narrower, so that our blood supply has difficulty in getting through ... and this, of course, can eventually end in a heart attack or stroke. The point I'm trying to make here is that, even though we all need some cholesterol in order to insulate our nerves, and to produce cell membranes and hormones, the things many of us eat and even consider healthy lead to the overproduction of cholesterol. And this is very dangerous.Q: How can we avoid this overproduction of cholesterol?A: By cutting down our consumption of animal fats: things like red meat, cheese, eggs, and so on. And by increasing our consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, and also by eating more potatoes, rice, pasta and bread.Q: Pasta? Potatoes? But ... aren't such things fattening?A: Nonsense. It isn't pasta, potatoes or bread that makes us fat. It's what we put on such things! Cheese, Butter, Meat!Q: So anything we like, anything that's delicious, is bad for us. Isn't that what you're saying?A: Rubbish! I'm simply saying we eat too much of these things. And there are many ways of preparing delicious food without using such large quantities of animal fats.Q: Last of all, what about exercise? You recently warned against certain forms ofexercise, which you said could be dangerous.A: What I said was that if people aren't used to getting regular and vigorous exercise, they should begin slowly, and not try to do too much at the beginning! I also said that certain games, such as squash, can be dangerous, particularly if you aren't used to playing them. A number of injuries are due to sudden, twisting movements that games like squash involve.Q: What kinds of exercise do you recommend, then?A: Gentle jogging, swimming, cycling, brisk walking ... exercise that is rhythmic and gentle, and above all, sustained. That is, done for at least fifteen minutesuninterruptedly at least three times a week. We all need such exercise, and the fact is that far too few of us get enough of it, particularly if we live in large cities and regularly use cars.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and complete the following grids.A. CholesterolB. ExercisePart 2 PassageAging of America1)The impending collision between the boomers and the nation's retirement system isnaturally catching the eye of policymakers and the boomers themselves.2)Retirement income security in the United States has traditionally been based on theso-called three-legged stool: Social Security, private pensions, and other personal saving.3)Retirement planning takes time, and these issues need to be addressed sooner ratherthan later.4)One found that in 1991 the median household headed by a 65-69-year-old hadfinancial assets of only $14,000, but expanding the measure to include SocialSecurity, pensions, housing, and other wealth boosts median wealth to about$270,000.5)Only one or two generations of Americans have had lengthy retirements,and the crucial retirement issues keep changing rapidly, makinglong-term predictions even harder.The Baby Boom* generation - the roughly 76 million people born between 1946 and 1964 has been reshaping American society for five decades. From jamming the nation's schools in the 1950s and 1960s, to crowding labor markets and housing markets in the 1970s and 1980s, to affecting consumption patterns almost continuously, boomers have altered economic patterns and institutions at each stage of their lives. Now that theleading edge of the generation has turned 50, the impending collisionbetween the boomers and the nation's retirement system is naturally catching the eye of policymakers and the boomers themselves.Retirement income security(退休收入保障)in the United States has traditionally been based on the so-called three-legged stool: Social Security, private pensions, and other personal saving. Since World War II the system has served the elderly well: The poverty rate among elderly households fell from 35 percent in 1959 to 11 percent in 1995.Are the baby boomers making adequate preparations（做好充分准备）for retirement? In part, the answer depends on what is meant by "adequate". One definition is to have enough resources to maintain pre-retirement living standards in retirement. A rule of thumb*（概测法）often used by financial planners（财政计划师，财政预算员）is that retirees should be able to meet this goal by replacing 60-80 percent of pre-retirement income. Retired households can maintain their pre-retirement standard of living with less income because they have more leisure time, fewer household members, and lower expenses. Taxes are lower because retirees escape payroll taxes（工资税）and the income tax（所得税）is progressive. And mortgages have, for the most part, been paid off. On the other hand, older households may face higher and more uncertain medical expenses, even though they are covered by Medicare.From a public policy perspective, assuring that retirees maintain 100 percent of pre-retirement living standards may be overly ambitious. Butshould policymakers aim to ensure that they maintain 90 percent of theirliving standards? Or that they stay out of poverty? Or use some other criterion? Retirement planning（养老金计划）takes time, and these issuesneed to be addressed sooner rather than later.A second big question is how to measure how well baby boomers are preparing for retirement. Studies that focus only on personal saving put aside for retirement yield bleak conclusions. One found that in 1991 the median household headed by a65-69-year-old had financial asset of only $14,000. But expanding the measure to include Social Security, pensions, housing, and other wealth boosts median wealth to about $270,000.A third issue - crucial but as yet little explored - is which babyboomers are not provided adequately for retirement and how big the gap isbetween what they have and what they should have. Some boomers aredoing extremely well, others quite poorly. Summary averages for an entire generation may not be useful as descriptions of the problem or as suggestions for policy.The uncertain prospects for the baby boomers in retirement are particularly troubling because, as a society, we as yet understand little about the dynamics of retirement. Only one or two generations of Americans have had lengthy retirements, and the crucial retirement issues - health care, asset markets, social security, life span - keep changing rapidly, making long-term predictions even harder.A: Pre-listening QuestionAs China's aging population is increasing rapidly, there should be a well-funded pension system put in place. However, the country's pension system only covers a fraction of the work force. It predicts that China will have an elderly population of about 400 million by 2040, which will be a large burden on the economy if an effective pension system is not established.The Chinese government, aware that the old pension system in the planned economy could not keep pace with the market economy, started to reform a purely "pay-as-you-go" pension system in 1997 and introduced one that combines a basic pension with personal savings accounts. The accounts are jointly paid into by employers and employees, as saving to support employees' retirements. The state is considering expanding a reformed pension insurance system nationwide.China is also accelerating the reform of China's pension system.It has been trying to find appropriate ways to invest pension funds in the capital market rather than simply putting them in banks or buying treasury bonds.It has also been trying to find appropriate ways to invest pension funds in the capital market overseas.To ensure the maintenance and appreciation of the pension pool, more investment tools should be allowed, with sound governance and parallel reform in the financial sector to ensure returns.B: Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear eachsentence three times.C: Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l. D 2.D 3. B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.CExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)The boomers have altered economic patterns from jamming the nation's schools inthe 1950s and 1960s, to crowding labor markets and housing markets in the 1970s and 1980s, to affecting consumption patterns almost continuously.2)(Open)Section four part 1World TB dayIn the late 19th century, tuberculosis – a bacterial disease spread through the air–killed one out of every seven people in the United States and in Europe. Today, this infectious disease remains the second leading killer in the world after AIDS, with more than two million TB-related deaths each year. Tuberculosis strikes somewhere in the world every second. According to Michael Iademarco of the US Centers forDisease Control– the disease primarily plagues developing countries.“Countries such as India, and China, Vietnam, the Philippines. There is a list of 23 high-burdened countries in the world. It’s from this set of 23 countries that eighty percent of the world’s TB burden comes from.”Dr Iademarco says that poverty and poor health conditions contribute significantly to the spread of tuberculosis in those countries.“Many of these 23 high-burdened countries, for example, are lower or low income countries. So, they don’t have adequate health infrastructure and so, therefore, it is very difficult to coordinate, organize and provide the drugs for adequate TB control.”Today, tuberculosis appears to be a disease of the developing world. But, if it is not checked, it could spread anywhere, including the United States. Dr James Lamberti, a lung specialist in Northern Virginia says last year, the state of Virginia saw a five-percent increase in tuberculosis cases over the year before.Dr Lamberti says that this rise may be due to the high immigration to the state, particularly into northern Virginia, one of the international gateways to the United States. The inactive, or latent tuberculosis could become active and contagious any time, if a person’s immune system breaks down and can no longer handle the TB germs. Active tuberculosis symptoms include persistent cough, fever and weight loss.Dr Lamberti believes it is imperative that people who suffer from latent tuberculosis be treated before they develop its contagious form. But, as he says, treating people in one part of the world is not going to stop the disease fromspreading.“If we only think of the United States and don’t think globally, we are not going to cure the problem. People travel too much; people emigrate very easily. Unless you really are able to attack the problem worldwide, we are going to keep seeing the problem in the United States.”Dr Iademarco of the Centers for Disease Control says the CDC and other US health agencies, are coordinating their fight against tuberculosis with international health organizations.The Word Health Organization has also started an initiative, called “Stop TB P artnership”, that urges all industrial powers to help poorer countries improve their TB control by supplying them with urgently needed drugs, funds and medical personnel. At the same time, it calls on tuberculosis-plagued countries to inform their citizens about the dangers of tuberculosis and about ways to control it. And the World Health Organization says observing World Tuberculosis Day on Sunday and seriously spreading its message is a step in the right direction.Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about TB control.Exercise BDirection: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.(F) In the late 19th century, tuberculosis – a bacterial disease spread through theair– killed one out of every seven people in the United States and in Europe.2.(F) Today, this infectious disease remains the third leading killer in the world afterAIDS and cancer.3.(T) Poverty and poor health conditions contribute significantly to the spread oftuberculosis in those countries.4.(T) Active tuberculosis symptoms include persistent cough, fever and weight loss.5.(F) The inactive, or latent tuberculosis could become active and contagious anytime, no matter a person’s immune system brea ks down or not.6.(T) Dr Lamberti believes that treating people in one part of the world is not goingto stop the disease from spreading.7.(F) Stop TB Partnership”is a campaign that urges all industrial powers to helppoorer countries improve their TB control by supplying them with funds.8.(F) Stop TB Partnership” also calls on tuberculosis-plagued countries to inform their citizensabout the dangers of tuberculosis and about ways to avoid getting it.Part 2 passageOpen Cook Stoves Put Women at RiskAll around the world, women cook over open wood stoves, and doing this puts their health at serious risk. Now some research from Mexico shows that using a new more efficient stove can save a woman's lungs.An estimated two billion people worldwide rely on biomass fuels, such as wood, to cook their daily meals. This fuel is often burned in inefficient, smoky stoves that produce excess heat, smoke, soot, and dangerous gases.In Mexico, about 25 million people still use these kinds of stoves, says Dr Horacio Riojas from the Mexican institute of public health. He studied women in more than 500 households to find out what kinds of things they were exposed to by using old-fashioned stoves.Riojas and his colleagues gave half the women more efficient ceramic-lined stoves, called patsari stoves. They have chimneys that channel the smoke outside, and they’re designed to reduce the user’s exposure to emission.The researchers visited the women’s homes and gathered information using questionnaires. They also gave the women spirometry tests which measure their lung capacity and function.Riojas and his colleagues found that women who were given the patsari stoves had less coughing and eye irritation. But the changes in lung function were most dramatic. Riojas says the women cooking over open fires had lung function similar to people who smoke a pack of cigarettes a day.Riojas wants to do more long-term studies.We are trying to go back to these communities and make some more spirometries with the women that are using the stove, and compare with the nonusers. And we also want to do better measurements of the impact of this stove in children.A.Pre-listening questionIn cooking, a cook stove is a very basic stove heated by burning wood or fossil fuels. In some developing countries the average rural family spends 20% or more ofits income purchasing wood or charcoal for cooking. Living in the city provides no refuge either as the urban poor frequently spend a significant portion of their income on the purchase of wood or charcoal. Besides the high expense, another problem of cooking over an open fire is the increased health problems brought on from the smoke, particularly lung and eye ailments, but also birth defects. Replacing the traditional 3-rock cook stove with an improved one and venting the smoke out of the house through a chimney can dramatically improve a family’s health.B.Sentence DictationDirections: listen to some sentences and write the down. You will hear each sentence three times.1. All around the world, women cook over open wood stoves, and doing this puts their health at serious risk.2. He studied women in more than 500 households to find out what kinds of things they were exposed to by using old-fashioned stoves.3. Now some research from Mexico shows that using a new more efficient stove can save a woman's lungs.4. The more efficient ceramic-lined stoves have chimneys that channel the smoke outside.5. We are trying to make some more spirometries with the women and we also want to do better measurements of the impact of this stove in children.C.Detailed listeningDirections: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. A2. D3. C4. D5. D6. B7. B8. CD.After-listening discussion(omit)[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。

施心远听力教程1(第二版)听力原文及答案UNIT 1 Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman 1: I've got good news (1) for you! Woman 2: Oh, yes? Woman 1: I'm getting married. Man: Well, well! (2) Who's the lucky man? Do we know him? Woman 1: Of course you (3) know him! It's David! Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news! Man: I'm sure (5) you'll be very happy. Woman 2: (6) When's the wedding? Woman 1: Next June. (7)we're going to have a big June wedding! Woman 2: Are we invited? Woman 1: Of course! I hope you (8) can all come. Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Telephone rings for a long time. Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you? V oice: At last! Why don't you answer the phone? Operator: I'm sorry. I was downstairs. V oice: Well, can I speak to Mr. Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France. V oice: What about Mr. Gray — extension 322. Operator: Mr. Gray's at home. V oice: Well, may I speak to Mr. Redman's secretary? Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's. V oice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr. Gray's secretary. Operator: Miss Jones? V oice: That's right. Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's. V oice: Who is in today? Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please?Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Complete the following sentences. Where are they? Mr. Redman is on holiday in the South of France. Mr. Gray is at home. Mr. Redman's secretary is at her sister's. Mr. Gray's secretary, Miss Jones, is at the hairdresser's.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr. Baxter. Woman 2: How do you do? Man: How do you do? Man l: Hello, Al. How are you? Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again. Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve? Woman 2: No, how do you do? Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you. Man l: Tony, I'd like to introduce lny friend Mary Parker. Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you. Woman: Hello. Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper. Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. Exercise: Listen to some people talking at a party. Who is talking to whom? Who has known whom before? Complete the following sentences. Names in the box are for your reference.1. Professor Andrews is talking to Dr. Baxter.2. A1 is talking to Eric.3. Sally is talking to Steve.4. Tony is talking to Maw Parker.5. Susan Rotter is talking to John Lee.6. A/and EL have known each other before.7. Tony has known Mary Parker before.Dialogue 2 welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England, Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland. Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol. Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker. Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel. Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks? Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded Mr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs. Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. it's heavy. Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well ??? Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.) T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says "Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.") T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says "How was your trip? No hijacks?" and Etienne answers "No, it was all fight, thank you/" We may draw a conclusion that they were serious.) F 4. the plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt. (The plane was late probably because it was the holiday season.) T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year. (It is the holiday season.) T 6. It is probably still cold. (Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tells Etienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.) F 7. The central heating doesn't work. (It doesn't work very well.) T 8. Mr. Baker can't find the blankets. (Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 A young waiterThe most interesting part of the little town was the market square, which was surrounded by cafes, restaurants and small shops full of all kinds of cheap goods likely to attract tourists. At this time of the year it was not very crowded. It was a lovely day with only a few little white clouds, like puffs* of smoke, in the sky. It was not too hot, as it sometimes was during the summer, but pleasantly warm. Edward and Ann sat down at a table outside one of the cafes. After they had been sitting there enjoying the sunshine for a few minutes, a young waiter, not much more than a boy, came to take their order. He spoke no English, but after a lot of laughter and pointing at the menu, they thought they had managed to make him understand that all they wanted was ice cream. There were several flavors*, lemon, chocolate, coffee, orange and vanilla* and they both chose coffee, "I love coffee ice cream," said Ana. After a little while the waiter returned. He was carrying a big tray, which he set down very carefully on the table in front of Edward and Ann. There were two cups of coffee and two plain ice creams on the tray. "We didn't order coffee," said Edward crossly*, "we ordered coffee ice cream. He ought to be able to understand simple English." The waiter smiled and looked pleased."No," said Ann laughing, "it's his country. We ought to be able to speak his language."Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.B 2.C 3,D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. APassage 2 greeting and introductionsGreetings and introductions are an essential aspect of US culture. The importance of w If you are with a group of English-speaking people and the conversation is going on in English, do not use your native or any foreign language for more than a few sentences, as it is not considered to be polite. Try to avoid using any filthy*, sexually explicit* stories or jokes. When you are in a theatre, it's not polite to talk or whisper during the performance.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. B Part 3 News News Item 1 In Houston Texas, a federal investigating jury* has charged the Arthur Andersen Company with blocking efforts to seek justice in the Enron case. Arthur Andersen employees kept financial records and provided advice to the failed energy company Enron. The charges say Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure. The Arthur Andersen* Company condemned* the charges as a serious misuse of government power. Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. Arthur Andersen Company is charged with blocking investigation in the Enron case.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. Arthur Andersen Company was the energy company Enron's business partner. (Arthur Andersen Company just keptfinancial records and provided advice to the energy company Enron.) T 2. Arthur Andersen destroyed important documents. (Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure.) T 3. The Arthur Andersen Company did not agree with the charges. (The Arthur Andersen Company condemned the charges as a serious misuse of government power.)News Item 2 Russian engineers and an American company have presented a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure tips. They presented the full size model in Zhukovskiy*, Russia. They say the space plane should be ready in three years. Travelers would experience three minutes of zero gravity during a one-hour flight. The vehicle would hold a pilot and two passengers. A flight would cost about $100,000.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This item is about a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure trips.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks. Possible time: in three years Vehicle size: can hold a pilot and two passengers Special experience: three minutes of zero gravity Length of the trip: _one hourCost:$100,000News Item 3 World leaders at a United Nations1 conference in Monterrey, Mexico, have urged wealthy nations to increase their foreign aid. Peruvian president spoke Thursday at the UN conference on financing for development. Mr Toledo* said terrorism could grow if poor countries do not receive help. He returned home earlier because of the bombing in Lima. Economic leaders and political activists told the conference that poverty is a major throat to world peace. The United Nations wants 22 industrial nations to increase their foreign aid by 100,000 million dollars. The goal is to reduce by half the number of the poor by the year 2015. President Bush says a bombing near the United States Embassy in Lima will not stop him from going to Peru on Saturday. The attack Wednesday night killed at least nine people mid wounded many others. Mr Bush says he is sure Peru's president will do everything possible to make Lima safe for his trip. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about a [IN conference on financing for development. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. BSection 3 Oral Work Part 1 Questions and Answers Peter and William have just arrived at the door of Peter's house. Peter islooking in all his pockets. Peter: Oh dear. I can't find my door key. Williams: If your sister Ann's at home, she'll let us in, won't she? Peter: She's out. The door wouldn't be locked if she was at home. William: Let's hope it doesn't rain again then. If it does we'll get soaked. Peter:I tell you what. If you let me climb on your shoulders, Fit get in through the pantry*window. William: Right. Up you go. (sound effects) What's the matter? Peter: It's no good. If it were two inches wider, I could do it. William: And all the other windows are shut, otherwise it would be easy. Peter: 1 suppose we could break one. William: I don't think your father would be very pleased if we did. Peter: No, I don't suppose he would. Well, what shall we do? William: I don't know. If only you weren't so careless, you wouldn't get into such trouble. Peter: Walt! What's this in the grass? William: Your key! You must have dropped it when you came out. You really are careless. Peter: Itfs lucky I am, really, otherwise we'd have to wait till Ann comes home. Exercise" Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it, You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it. Questions:1. What is Peter looking for?(He is looking for his door key.)2. Is Ann at home?(No, she is not at home.)3. What is William worrying about?(He is worrying about the weather.)4. What does Peter want to do?(He wants to get into the house through the pantry window.)5. Why can't he get in through the window? (Because the window is not wideenough.)6. Peter's father won't mind if Peter breaks one of the windows, will he'? (Yes, hewill.)7. Where is the door key'? (It's in the grass.)g. What does William think of Peter? (He thinks he is really careless.) Par2 RetellingThe children had desperately wanted to go to the circus. Every day after school they had gone down to the field behind the pub to see what was happening. First the men had put up tile big tent, and then moved in all the seats, and finally they had fixed the coloured lights round the outside of the tent.In another part of the field, the children watched as the animals were fed and exercised. Sometimes, to their delight, two young women stood on the horses' backs and galloped round and round. But the most exciting moment of all was when the trainer allowed them to watch him go into them lions' cage. The children were sure he would be attacked, but he came out again unhurt and smiling. At last the opening night came round. Then the most terrible thing happened; their mother forbade them to go because she said it was unkind to put animals in a circus. The children were unable to make her change her mind, and they had to sit at home while the music and lights in the field reminded them of what they were missing. Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. Youwill hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary Exercises Part1 Listening ComprehensionThe native people of North and South America were given the name "Indians" by the explorer Christopher Columbus*. He thought he had reached a place called the Indies. In time, the terms American Indian and Indian became widely used. About 2,000,000 native Americans live in the United States today. Some Indians live on government lands called reservations*, or on tribal* lands. Others live in cities. Traditional culture remains strong in areas where large numbers of Indians live. But many native Americans worry that their cultural traditions will be lost as young people leave these areas for economic reasons. The economic situation of American Indians as a group is not good. About 50% of those who live on reservations have no jobs. Those who do have jobs earn less than other Americans. Most Indians hold low-paying unskilled jobs. Indians have many health problems and do not live as long as other Americans. But the situation is improving as more Indians are becoming educated. Today, most native Americans graduate from high school. At least 9% of all Indians 25 years old or older have finished college. The economic situation also has improved as native American tribes* create businesses on their lands. One example is the Pequot tribe of the northeast. The tribe owns and operates a hotel, gambling casino*, and a museum of its culture and history. Today, American Indians are trying to control their land without interference from the government. This includes control over hunting and fishingrights, and mining* operations. They are trying to protect their land from pollution. And they are taking legal action to regain lost lands or to receive payment for them. American Indians are trying to change their economic situation, improve their lives and honor* their culture.Exercise: Listen to the passage about the American Indians and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. l.C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. BPart 2 Oral Work I work in a small office from 9 till 5 Monday to Friday. Occasionally my boss asks me to come in on a Saturday morning as well. I don't earn a large salary and my job is rather dull, really. But I have a secret dream. My dream is to make a return flight to New York on Concorde. 1 know people say rude things about it. They say that it's noisy and expensive and that it uses too much fuel, and ... My problem is that I can only afford to put aside -5 a week and a return ticket to New York costs over -1,000. Then of course New York is quite an expensive city, they say. Never mind. One day, perhaps ...Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics. 1. Do you think the speaker's secret dream could be realized? If so, how?2. What is your dream? What will you do to realize your own dream?Unit TwoSection 1 Tactics for Listening Part 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape- Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening. Man: Good evening. Can you ( 1 ) make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to wait? Man: How long (3) will it take? Woman: (4)Itfll be ready in twenty minutes. Man: Oh, (5) I'll come back later. Woman: All right, sir, Man: (6) Shall I pay now or later? Woman: (7) Later'll be all rightPart 2 Listening and Note-taking Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station please? Woman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let's see now—that's the second turn on your right. The cinema's on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you'll be in Bridge Street. I think it's Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street fora few minutes and then take the second — no, not the second, the first, that's fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that's second right and first left. Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. Woman: Don't mention it.Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Use the information from your notes to mark the places and streets mentioned in the conversation on the sketch map.Part 1 DialogueSection 2 Listening Comprehension Dialogue 1 where did you living now ?Interviewer: You say you moved out of London five years ago? Alistair: Yes, I did. ] lived in Hampstead*. Interviewer: That's very close to the centre, isn't it? Alistair: Yes, quite close. 1 went to work by bicycle — I worked in Oxford Street. It took about half an hour. Interviewer: And why did you move? Did you change jobs? Alistair: Well, yes, I did. I worked for an advertising agency then. Now I workfor a newspaper. But that isn't the reason. I moved because London is so dirty and there's so much stress— Interviewer: And now you live in -. Alistair: Oh, right in the country. The nearest station is rather far, about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles. I still work in London. Interviewer: So how long does it take you to get to work? Alistair: Oh, less than an hour and a half, door to door.Exercise A: Listen o the interview and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The man lives in Hampstead now. (The man used to live in Hampstead.) T 2. The man has changed his job. (He worked for an advertising agency five years ago but now he works for a newspaper.) F 3. The place where the man lives now is about 15 miles away from London. (The nearest station is rather far about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles.)Exercise B: Listen to the interview again and answer the following questions.1. Why did the man move out of London?(Because he finds that London is so dirty and there's so much stress.)2. Where does he live now?(He lives in a village in the country, about 40 miles away from London.)3. How did he use to go to work?(He used to go to work by bicycle.)4. How does he go to work now?(Most likely he goes to work by car now because he said that it takes him less than an hour and a half, door to door, to get to work.) 5. Where does he work now? (He works for a newspaper now.)Dialogue 2 Have you ever lived abroad Interviewer: Have you ever lived abroad, Phyllis? Phyllis: Yes, I have actually. What about you? Interviewer: No, unfortunately I haven't. Phyllis: Oh, what a shame! Interviewer. Where did you live when you were abroad? Phyllis: I lived in Australia. Interviewer: Really? That's a long way away. Phyllis: Uhm, uhm, yes!Interviewer: How long were you there for? Phyllis: I was there for twelve years Interviewer: Oh! What a long time! Phyllis: Yes. Rather, Interviewer: Erin. So how long have you been back in the UK? Phyllis: I've been back about, erm. ten years now, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm, When you were in Australia, did you think of it as your home? Phyllis: Well, it depends on what, you mean by home. When 1 was... home to me is being near the people you're fond of. Interviewer: Uhm. uhm. yeah. So does that mean that your family were with you in Australia? Phyllis: Yes, they were there with me. Interviewer: And presumably they've ... they came back to the UK? Phyllis: Yes, they did. They came back with me, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm. Erin, if you had a choice, where do you think you'd be living now? Phyllis: Oh. I would really like to go back to Australia Interviewer: Oh, yeah? Why's that? Phyllis: Well, for one thing, it's the climate. Interviewer: Uhm Phyllis: And. er. secondly, it's ... very relaxed. Interviewer: Oh? In what way? Phyllis: Well, you know, the wave of life, nobody hurries. Interviewer: Uhm. Is that at work as well as socially? Phyllis: That's right, everythingExercise: Listen to the interview and complete the following questionnaire. Part 2Passages Passage one welcome to London Welcome to London! You and seven million other tourists will fill Britain's capital city this season, jostling* each other along Oxford Street, getting lost on the Underground, staring at Buckingham Palace, and complaining about the food and the weather. What can you do when you're here? There are the obvious tourist attractions of royal London, the London of pageantry* and soldiers in fancy uniforms. There is historical London, with the ancient buildings and magnificent churches. A good introduction to all this can be found in the London Museum in the Barbican*. You can spend a lot of money, in shops from aristocratic* Knightsbridge* to democratic Marks and Spencer*, all of them anxious to receive travellers' cheques in almost any currency. There are many hotels at your service, and your chambermaid may Well be able to talk to you in your own language —though probably not in English, Restaurants are here by thehundred. You can eat your way round the world in London, from China to Argentina*, though you may have a bit of a job finding good English food Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. BPassage 2 entertainments in LondonYou come, of course, from all over the world, attracted by the comparative cheapness of London and its relatively new reputation as a good place to have fun — a reputation which really only dates from the mid 1960's, that era* of Swinging London,"* of pop stars and fashion photographers and dress designers. There's certainly no lack of entertainment. The British Theatre is world famous, and offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy*. There's a large numberof cinemas presenting films from all over the world. Every night of the week there are concerts. Classical or pop, take your choice. And of course night clubs will be happy to take large quantifies of cash from you in return for the illusion* of being sophisticated* and perhaps slightly wicked*. When it rains (and it will rain) there are museums and art galleries to give you shelter— and they're free! When it's fine, take a boat trip along the River Thames, downstream to Greenwich* or upstream to Hampton Court*. You may be exhausted by London; you may be cheated in London; you may not be able to get a drink when you want one, thanks to the ridiculous licensing laws; you may get wet and catch a cold; but you're not likely to be bored.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.C 7. B2. A 8. D3. D4. B5. D6. CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov* says he and American Secretary of State Colin Powell* will meet February 24th in Cairo. The meeting will be the first face-to-face talks between the two officials. Mr lvanov says Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting. The announcement of the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin* and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer*. Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues. In Washington State Department officials confirm the meeting. Secretary Powell will visit the Middle East and Belgium* from February 23rd through the 27th.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the meeting between Russian Foreign Minister and American Secretary of State on February 24th in Cairo.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why youthink the statement is true or false. F 1. Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov will meet American Secretary of State Colin Powell on February 21st in Cairo. (Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov will meet American State Colin Powell on February 24th in Cairo.) F 2. The meeting will be the fourth face-to-face talks between the two officials. (The meeting between the two officials.) T 3. Mr lvanov says they will discuss Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system during the dent will be the first face-to-face talks Secretary ofmeeting. (Mr Ivanov says Russian opposition to Presi-Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting.) T 4. Russia announced the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer. (The announcement of the meeting followed the talksbetween Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer.) F 5. Mr Fischer was in Washington to discuss arms issues, (Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues.)News item 2 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov has called for (1) more talks about missile defense policy. Mr lnvamo is to meet with (2) American Secretary of State Colin Powell in Cairo Saturday. He told (3) reporters in Moscow that the time has come for (4) serious talks on the several issues affecting (5) relations between Russia end the United States. He said China and Europe should be included (6)in the talks. President Bush says that Mr Ivanov's (7) comments show that Russia understands (8) new threats to world security require (9) new defences. Russia is opposed to Mr Bush's proposal to build (10)) a missile defense system.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about Russia's calling for more talks about United State's missile defense policy. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following passage.NEWS ITEM 3 Russia has given NATO* a proposal for a European Missile Defense System. Defense Minister Igor Sergeyev presented the plan to visiting NATO Secretary General George Rolbertson*. Mr Robertson says the Russian plan is evident* that Russia and NATO recognize the possible threat of missile attacks from some countries. Russia opposes a missile defense system planned for the United States. Russia says the American。

UNIT 1Section One Tactics For ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay specialattention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions.Woman 1: I've got good news (1) for you!Woman 2: Oh, yes?Woman 1: I'm getting married.Man: Well, well! (2) Who's the lucky man? Do we know him? Woman 1: Of course you (3) know him! It's David!Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news!Man: I'm sure (5) you'll be very happy.Woman 2: (6) When's the wedding?Woman 1: Next June. (7)we're going to have a big June wedding! Woman 2: Are we invited?Woman 1: Of course! I hope you (8) can all come.Part 2 Listening and Note-takingTelephone rings for a long time.Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you?V oice: At last! Why don't you answer the phone?Operator: l'm sorry. I was downstairs.V oice: Well, can I speak to Mr Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France.V oice: What about Mr Gray -- extension 322.Operator: Mr Gray's at home.V oice: Well, may I speak to Mr Redman's secretary?Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's.V oice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr Gray's secretary. Operator: Miss Jones?V oice: That's right.Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's.V oice: Who is in today?Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please? Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes.Exercise B: Complete the following sentences.Where are they?Mr Redman is on holiday in the South of France.Mr Gray is at home.Mr Redman's secretary is at her sister's.Mr C-ray's secretary, Miss Jones, is at the hairdresser's.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr Baxter.Woman 2: How do you do?Man: How do you do?Man 1: Hello, Al. How are you?Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again.Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve?Woman 2: No, how do you do?Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you.Manl: Tony, I'd like to introduce my friend Mary Parker.Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you.Woman: Hello.Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper. Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. l'm sorry, I didn't catch your name.Dialogue 2 welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England,Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come on. Welcome to Bristol.Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker.Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel.Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks?Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded.Mr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs.Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. I t’s heavy.Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well …Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided.Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true orfalse.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.)T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says "Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.") T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says "How was your trip? No hijacks?" and Etienneanswers "No, it was all fight, thank you/" We may draw aconclusion that they were serious.)F 4. the plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt.(The plane was late probably because it was the holidayseason.)T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year. (It is the holiday season.)T 6. It is probably still cold. (Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tells Etienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.)F 7. The central heating doesn't work. (It doesn't work very well.)T 8. Mr. Baker can't find the blankets. (Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 a young waiterThe most interesting part of the little town was the market square, which was surrounded by cafes, restaurants and small shops full of all kinds of cheap goods likely to attract tourists. At this time of the year it was not very crowded. It was a lovely day with only a few little white clouds, like puffs* of smoke, in the sky. It was not too hot, as it sometimes was during the summer, but pleasantly warm.Edward and Ann sat down at a table outside one of the cafes. After they had been sitting there enjoying the sunshine for a few minutes, a young waiter, not much more than a boy, came to take their order. He spoke no English, but after a lot of laughter and pointing at the menu, they thought they had managed to make him understand that all they wanted was ice cream. There were several flavors*, lemon, chocolate, coffee, orange and vanilla* and they both chose coffee, "I love coffee ice cream," said Ana.After a little while the waiter returned. He was carrying a big tray, which he set down very carefully on the table in front of Edward and Ann. There were two cups of coffee and two plain ice creams on the tray."We didn't order coffee," said Edward crossly*, "we ordered coffee ice cream. He ought to be able to understand simple English."The waiter smiled and looked pleased."No," said Ann laughing, "it's his country. We ought to be able to speak his language."Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. B2. C 3, D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. APart 3 NewsNews Item 1In Houston Texas, a federal investigating jury has charged the Arthur Andersen Company with blocking efforts to seek justice in the Enron case. Arthur Andersen employees kept financial records and provided advice to the failed energy company Enron. The charges say Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure. The Arthur Andersen Company condemned the charges as a serious misuse of government power.News Item 2NATO Secretary General George Robertson has arrived in Moscow for talks aimed at combing Russian fears about NATO’s future plans. He is expected to meet with the President Vladimir Putin and other officials. Mr. Robertson says NATO’s expansion to the east will not harm the balance in Europe. Russia strongly opposes NATO membership for Lithuanian, Latvia and Estonia. A defense minister’s spokes man reportedly said the entry of these countries would threaten Russia’s security interests. He says Russia will take extra security measures if they join in the alliance. NATO will consider their membership next yearSection 3 Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersPeter and William have just arrived at the door of Peter's house. Peter is looking in all his pockets.Peter: Oh dear. I can't find my door key.Williams: If your sister Ann's at home, she'll let us in, won't she? Peter: She's out. The door wouldn't be locked if she was at home. William: Let's hope it doesn't rain again then. If it does we'll get soaked. Peter:I tell you what. If you let me climb on your shoulders, I'1t get in through the pantry*window.William: Right. Up you go. (sound effects) What's the matter?Peter: It's no good. If it were two inches wider, I could do it. William: And all the other windows are shut, otherwise it would be easy. Peter: 1 suppose we could break one.William: I don't think your father would be very pleased if we did. Peter: No, I don't suppose he would. Well, what shall we do? William: I don't know. If only you weren't so careless, you wouldn't get into such trouble.Peter: Walt! What's this in the grass?William: Your key! You must have dropped it when you came out. You really are careless.Peter: It's lucky I am, really, otherwise we'd have to wait till Ann comes home.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it, You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it. Questions:1. What is Peter looking for?(He is looking for his door key.)2. Is Ann at home?(No, she is not at home.)3. What is William worrying about?(He is worrying about the weather.)4. What does Peter want to do?(He wants to get into the house through the pantry window.)5. Why can't he get in through the window?(Because the window is not wide enough.)6. Peter's father won't mind if Peter breaks one of the windows, will he'?(Yes, he will.)7. Where is the door key'?(It's in the grass.)g. What does William think of Peter?(He thinks he is really careless.)Par2 RetellingThe children had desperately wanted to go to the circus. Every day after school they had gone down to the field behind the pub to see what was happening. First the men had put up tile big tent, and then moved in all the seats, and finally they had fixed the colored lights round the outside of the tent.In another part of the field, the children watched as the animalswere fed and exercised.Sometimes, to their delight, two young women stood on the horses' backs and galloped round and round.But the most exciting moment of all was when the trainer allowed them to watch him go into them lions' cage. The children were sure he would be attacked, but he came out again unhurt and smiling.At last the opening night came round. Then the most terrible thing happened; their mother forbade them to go because she said it was unkind to put animals in a circus. The children were unable to make her change her mind, and they had to sit at home while the music and lights in the field reminded them of what they were missing.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Listening ComprehensionPassage 1Greetings and introductions are an essential aspect of US culture. The importance of which can never be overemphasized.In social situations, a man is traditionally introduced to a woman. However, in the businessworld introductions are based on a person's rank* or position in a company. Whoever is the highest-ranking person is introduced to everyone else in order of their position. If you introduce two people ofequal rank to each other, introduce the one you know less well lo the one you know better.There might be occasions wherein you will have to introduce yourself. For example, if you are meeting a new colleague or an associate*, you might start off by extending your hand and saying "Hello!I am ... ' If you have been introduced earlier to someone, do not assume* that the person would remember you and be prepared to reintroduce yourself should it be necessary.Americans shake their hands when first introduced to a new people. Rarely they shake hands while parting, As a part of greeting, sometimes, social kissing is acceptable between men and women and also between women who know each other very well.If you are with a group of English-speaking people and the conversation is going on in English, do not use your native or any foreign language for more than a few sentences, as it is not considered to be polite. Try to avoid using any filthy*, sexually explicit* stories or jokes. When you are in a theatre, it's not polite to talk or whisper during the performance.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. BPassage 2The native people of North and South America were given the name "Indians" by the explorer Christopher Columbus*. He thought he had reached a place called the Indies. In time, the terms American Indian and Indian became widely used. About 2,000,000 native Americans live in the United States today. Some Indians live on government lands called reservations*, or on tribal* lands. Others live in cities.Traditional culture remains strong in areas where large numbers of Indians live. But many native Americans worry that their cultural traditions will be lost as young people leave these areas for economic reasons.The economic situation of American Indians as a group is not good. About 50% of those who live on reservations have no jobs. Those who do have jobs earn less than other Americans. Most Indians hold low-paying unskilled jobs. Indians have many health problems and do not live as long as other Americans. But the situation is improving as more Indians are becoming educated. Today, most native Americans graduate from high school. At least 9% of all Indians 25 years old or older have finished college.The economic situation also has improved as native American tribes create businesses on their lands. One example is the Pequot tribe ofthe northeast. The tribe owns and operates a hotel, gambling casino, and a museum of its culture and history. Today, American Indians are trying to control their land without interference from the government. This includes control over hunting and fishing rights, and mining* operations. They are trying to protect their land from pollution. And they are taking legal action to regain lost lands or to receive payment for them. American Indians are trying to change their economic situation, improve their lives and honor* their culture.Exercise: Listen to the passage about the American Indians and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1.C2. C3. D4. A5. C6. BPart 2 Oral WorkI work in a small office from 9 till 5 Monday to Friday. Occasionally my boss asks me to come in on a Saturday morning as well. I don't earn a large salary and my job is rather dull, really. But I have a secret dream. My dream is to make a return flight to New York on Concorde. 1 know people say rude things about it. They say that it's noisy and expensive and that it uses too much fuel, and ...My problem is that I can only afford to put aside ~5 a week and a return ticket to New York costs over ~1,000. Then of course New York isquite an expensive city, they say.Never mind. One day, perhaps ...Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics.I. Do you think the speaker's secret dream could be realized? If so, how?2. What is your dream? What will you do to realize your own dream?。

听力教程1第2版(戴炜栋施心远)Unit7Unit 7Listening Course 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1: PhoneticsFocus Stress, Intonation and Accent Understanding rising or falling tone.Exercise:An American film star is talking to you about his likes and dislikes. Has he finished speaking? Tick the right box.Tick the right box1Finished his sentenceWants to add sth.234567√√√ √ √ √√Part 2 Listen and Note-takingMountain Rescue Service Focus: Selecting key words Organizing notes in the form of an outline.uk/bas ecamp/A mountain rescue team at work in the Lake DistrictEx. A: Fill in the key words in the sentences1. The first thing that happens is that the person who reports the accident is closely questioned.2. They will also need to know how many people were involved in the accident and what kind of injuries there were.3. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group.4. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.5. The base is set up near telephone so that extra help can be contacted without delay.Ex. B: Take notes and complete the following outline.Mountain Rescue ServiceI. The rescue group finds out a number of details. A. The place where the accident happened. B. The time of the accident.C. Details about the victim.(continued)II. Then the rescue team’s call-out procedure begins. A.Team members keep their personal equipment at home so as to be ready to set off within 15 minutes of receiving the call. B. The advance party of about 4 people sets off right away. 1. They carry a radio telephone with them to send details to the main party and to the base. 2. They are also equipped and trained to give immediate medical assistance.(continued)C. The main party follows the advance party. 1. They carry a radio telephone and more supplies, including a stretcher for thevictim.D. The 3rd party on the mountain is the back-up group. 1. Their job is to help the main party on itsreturn journey.(continued)III. Rescue control is set up in a mobile base. A. This vehicle ca rries the team’s supplies other than personal equipment. B. It is equipped with radio telephone and the means of providing hot food and drinks. C. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help, for example ambulance, doctor, helicopter or reserves, can be contacted without delay.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesFocus: Identify arguments Recognize specific details Make inferencesVocabulary:fitness nut:Dialogue 1 Stressed Outsomeone who is so ardently devoted to being in shape or in good physical condition that it resembles an addiction -a hard nut (to crack)mediate:think intently and at length, as for spiritual purposesyoga: a system of exercisespracticed as part of the Hindu discipline to promote control of the body and mind 瑜珈beat: very tired beaten: defeated Some colloquial expressions of “beat”1. Beat it ! 快走！快滚开！(讨厌某人用)2. Can you beat that (it)? 你见过这等事儿吗？(惊讶、恼怒)3. It beats me. E.g. -It beats me how he did it. -A: He wanted to know where you were. B: What for? A: Beats me.4. What beats me is 。

Unit 12Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms,link-ups and contractions.[Sound of busy street]Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up?Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us?Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny.Carl: Yeah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go.Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study. Carl: Well, maybe next time. You're (7)missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you.Carl: Bye.Part 2 Listening and Note-TakingTAPESCRIPTExercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it.The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all theboss’s letters, I (3) answer the easy ones and I (4) leave the difficult ones on the (5) boss’s desk.At about (6) 10 o’clock I make (7) a cup of coffee for the boss and for myself. Then the boss (8) dictates letters for about (9) an hour. Of course, I answer the phone (10)all day. Sometimes it doesn’t (11) stop.I have about (120 half an hour for lunch at about (13) one o’clock. Then I do jobs in the (140 office till about (15) five o’ clock.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Job InterviewTAPESCRIPTMs Brown: What was your previous job?Mr Wigmore: I worked for the National Bus Company.Ms Brown: And how long have you worked for them?Mr Wigmore: I’ve worked for them for f ive years.Ms Brown: How long have you been an area sales manager? Mr Wigmore: Eighteen months.Ms Brown: And what did you do before joining the Bus Company? Mr Wigmore: I worked for a chain of hotels as junior manager.Ms Brown: The post you’ve applied for involves a lot of traveling. Have you been abroad much?Mr Wigmore: I’ve b een to most of Western Europe, and I’ve been to eastern Europe once, to Hungary.Ms Brown: Why did you go there?Mr Wigmore: The hotel sent me to attend a conference.Ms Brown: I see. Have you ever organized a conference yourself?Mr Wigmore: Yes. I have actually. Why?Ms Brown: Well, this job would require rather a lot of organizing meetings and conferences.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.1. How many jobs has the interviewee had before he applies for this job? What are they?(He has had two jobs. He worked for the National Bus Company as an area sales manager. Before that, he worked for a chain of hotels as junior manager.)2. What are the requirements for this job?(This job involves a lot of traveling and requires rather a lot of organization meetings and conferences.)3. Do you think the interviewee is qualified for this job? Give your reasons.(Probably he is qualified for the job. Because he has beena manager for many years and he has been abroad much. Hehas been to most of Western Europe. He actually has the experience of organization a conference.)Dialogue 2 Job RedundancyDavid: Cheer up, George. What’s happened to that happy smile we all know and love?George: Oh, hello, David .I was miles away, I’m afraid. David: What’s the problem? You look as if you’ve lost a pound and found 10 pence.George: Decisions, decisions. I’ve lost my job.David: You haven’t.George: I have.David: I thought you were doing so well.George: So did I. Then yesterday they gave us all the official letter. Apparently the business has been losing money, so they’ve decided to close it down.David: Gracious, when?George: End of the week.David: You’ve worked there for quite a long time, haven’t you? George: Nearly six years.David: So you’re entitled to some redundancy* money? George: Not a lot. Not if they’ve been losing money.David: What are you going to do? Are you going to try and get another job in the music business?George: Well, I thought I might start a little business of my own.David: That’s a good idea. What sort of business? A music shop? George: No. A recording studio. Recording studios charge the earth these days and there are lots of youngsters who can’t afford those prices. I thought …if I find suitablepremises*…I could offer a cut-price* recording service. David: That sounds a marvelous idea. Then, as you get more famous, you could increase your charges.George: No, I’d rather encourage young mus icians to come and make their first recording with me and then I thought maybeI could branch out and become an agent.David: Ah, I see. Then you could sell the recording made by your protégés* to the big record companies.George: That’s the general idea.David: Great. Well, if you decide you need someone to look after the accounts and make the coffee, let me know. I might be interested.George: OK. I may take you up on* that offer. Bye.David: Bye.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T1. George is usually happy and gay. ( David: …What’s happened to that happy smile we all know and love?)F2. George works miles away. ( When George says “ Oh, hello, David. I was miles aways, I’m afraid,” he means he is not paying any attention.)F 3. George has just been to an interview. ( Probably Georgehas just been back from his work.)T4. George look s depressed. ( David: … You look as if you ‘ve lost a pound and 10 pence.)F 5. Since the business is not doing well, the company decidesto reduce the number of its workers. ( Since the business is not doing well, the company decides to close it down.) T 6. The company just gave George a week notice. ( the company will be closed down by the end of next week.)T 7. Since George has been working for the company for nearly six year, he should be given a sort of compensation. (Since George has been working for the company for nearly six year,he should be given a sort of compensation, which is called redundancy money.)F 8. George is going to look for a new job. ( George is goingto start his own business.)F 9. George thinks his recording studio can attract youngstersby offering a high-quality recording service. ( George thinks his recording studio can attract youngsters byoffering a cut-price recording service.)F10. George would start a recording studio rather a music shop because he thinks he can make much more money. ( Though recording studios charge the earth these days, George would just offer an opportunity for the young musicians to come and make their first recording with him.)F11. George’s ambition is to establish a big record company.( George’s ambition is to branch out and become an agent and sell the recordings made by his protégés to the big record companies.)F 12. George has accepted David’s offer to be his accountant.( George may consider David’s offer later on.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 Burglary (1)The old lady was glad to be back at the block of flats whereshe lived. Her shopping had tired her. In the lift her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that her front door was open. She was thinking that she must reprimand* her daily maid the next morning for such a monstrous negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the maid had left and she knew that she had turned both keys in their locks. She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out. Looking into the drawing room, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk. Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1 .D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.A 8.CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1TAPESCRIPTWater has long been considered important to the development of life. That is why scientists are so interested in finding water in our solar system. Now, the American space agency has confirmed that there is water ice on the planet Mars.The discovery is a major step in the search for the conditions for life on the red planet. The discovery was made with the help of an American spacecraft, the Phoenix Mars Lander. The spacecraft landed on the extreme north of Mars on May 25. On June 15, it dug a hole about seven centimeters deep in the Martian soil. The hole contained small particles of a light-colored substance. Scientists wondered whether the substance was frozen carbon dioxide, salt or water ice. Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.The news item is about the experiment carried out on Mars bya spacecraft.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer the following questions.1.The American space agency has confirmed that there is waterice on the planet Mars.2.The discovery was made with the help of an Americanspacecraft.3.The Phoenix Mars Lander.4.It is a major step in the search for the conditions for lifeon Mars.5.The spacecraft landed on the extreme north of Mars on May25.6.It dug a hole about seven centimeters deep in the Martiansoil.7.The hole contained small particles of a light-coloredsubstance.8.Scientists wondered whether the substance was frozen carbondioxide, salt or water ice.News Item 2An American study has suggested that melting ice in the Arctic Sea is threatening permanently frozen soil. The study found that rates of warming in northern Alaska, Canada and Russia could increase when the sea ice melts quickly. During such periods, the increase could be more than three times greater than the average twenty-first century warming rates predicted in earlier studies.The new study is the work of scientists from the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the National Snow and Ice Data Center. The findings were reported last month in Geophysical Research Letters, a publication of the American Geophysical Union.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the followingsummary.The news item is about melting ice in the Arctic Sea that is threatening permanently frozen soil.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer the following questions.1.It has suggested that melting ice in the Arctic Sea isthreatening permanently frozen soil.2.In northern Alaska, Canada and Russia.3.The increase could be more than three times greater than theaverage twenty-first century.st month.5.In Geophysical Research Letters.6.The American Geophysical Union.News Item 3TAPESCRIPTSpace scientists have been searching nearby stars for planets with great success. The United States space agency says that 264 exoplanets have been discovered so far. But, until now, few of the planetary systems found orbiting other stars have been like our own solar system. That has all changed with the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting a star calledFifty-Five Cancri in the constellation Cancer.The star is forty-one light years away from Earth. It is also very similar to our own sun.Last month, astronomers announced the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting Fifty-Five Cancri. What makes the discovery extraordinary is that the new exoplanet orbits in what astronomers call a "habitable zone." This means temperatures on the planet may be warm enough for liquid water to exist either on its surface or on one of its moons.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.The news item is about the discovery of a fifth planet orbitinga star called Fifty-Five Cancri.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following passage.Last month, astronomers announced the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting Fifty-Five Cancri. The star is 41 light years away from Earth and it is very similar to our own sun.According to the United States space agency, 264exoplanets have been discovered so far and few of the planetary systems found orbiting other stars are like our own solar system. Thathas all changed with the discovery.What makes the discovery extraordinary is that the new exoplanet orbits is in a habitable zone, which means liquid water may on its surface or on one of its moons.Section There Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersTAPESCRIPTJenny: Would you like a game of tennis next Thursday? Chris: I can't, I'm afraid, I'm going to Bristol.Jenny: What for?Chris: I have an interview for a job as manager of a record shop.Jenny: I didn't know you wanted to move.Chris: Well, my parents are going to retire to Bath next year, and I want to be near them.Jenny: How are you getting to Bristol?Chris: I have a bit of a problem, actually. My car isn't working at the moment. I'm thinking ofgetting a taxi to the station, and then getting a train.Jenny: I'll give you a lift to the station. Don't worry about a taxi.Chris: Really?Jenny: Mmm.Chris: OK. Then I’ll get a taxi home.Jenny: Well, what time is your train back?Chris: It gets in at 21.15 ----- what's that? ----- quarter past nine in the evening.Jenny: It's all right. I'll pick you up as well. It's no trouble.Chris: That's great! Thanks a lot. Jenny.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.Questions:1. What does Jenny want to know?(She wants to know whether Chris would like a game of tennis next Thursday.)2. Can Chris play tennis with her next Thursday?(No, he is unable to.)3. Why isn't he able to de that?(He will go to Bristol to have an interview for a job.)4. What kind of job does au-is apply for?(He applies for a job as manager of a record shop.)5. Why does Chris want to move?(His parents are going to retire next year and he wants to be near them.)6. How is Chris getting to Bristol?(He's thinking of getting a taxi to the station and then getting a train.)7. Why needn't Chris worry about a taxi?(Jenny will give him a lift.)8. What time is his train back?(It is a quarter past nine in the evening.)Part 2 RetellingRuth Lawrence, a 13-year-old English girl, was awarded a degree at the University of Oxford. When speaking to the reporters from television, radio and the press Ruth said that she was not a genius, and her success was the result of a lot of hard work.Ruth is very special girl. At Oxford University Ruth completed her degree in two years instead of the usual three. Her teacher says that Ruth has the quickest mind than anystudent she has ever known.Ruth has never attended school. Ruth's father has been her teacher for the most of her life and he stopped working for his computer company to go to Oxford with her. Mrs. Lawrence has been managing the computer company since Ruth and her father went to Oxford.Ruth's father said that he was very happy with his daughter's success. And he hoped that Ruth was going to stay in Oxford and do researchExercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Listening ComprehensionPassage 1 Burglary (2)TAPESCRIPTIt was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence. Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age t might be more prudent to have someone with her, so she went to (etch the porter from his basement. By this timeher legs were beginning to tremble, so she sat down and accepted a cup of very strong tea, while he telephoned the police.They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder* the police in their search for fingerprints. It seemed as though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over. At least sorting out the things she should have discarded* years ago was being made easier lot her. Then a police inspector arrived with a constable and she told them of her discovery of the ransacked flat. The inspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constable checked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys or entered over the balcony. There was no trace of fingerprints, but the inspector found a dirty red bundle that contained jewellery which the old lady said was not hers. So their entry into this flat was apparently not tile burglars first job that day.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8.BPassage 2 Nursing CrisisThe World Health Organization says the number of flumes andmidwives around the world is decreasing. Nurses are health care workers who are trained to care the sick people. Midwives are health care workers who are trained m assist women during childbirth. The World Health Organization says this decrease in skilled health cam providers will hurt health care services in many countriesMost nurses and midwives are said to be leaving the health care profession because of several reasons. They include low pay and poor working conditions Health care experts discussed these problems daring a meeting in December. They met al the World Health Organization headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland Experts said the problems explain why it is becoming more difficult to bring new people into die nursing and midwife professions.Naeema Al-- Gasseer is in expert in nursing and midwifery the World Health Organization. She says health services in developing countries may suffer most from the shortage. She says More people may get sick and die number of women who die while giving birth may increase Mizz—Al Gasseer also says the number of babies and children in developing countries may increase because the services of nurses and midwives will no longer be provided.AI-Gasseer also says them is a so--called "skills drain" around the world. This means that nurses and midwives in developing countries are being offered belier jobs in industrial countries. As a result, she says an already bad situation is worsening.For example, the World Health Organization reports about one hospital in Zambia. The Hospital has only five-hundred nurses However, the hospital needs three limes as many nurses to operate effectively. This same situation is happening all over the world. For example, the WorldHeath Organization reports there has been a decrease in the number of nurses in Poland, Chile and Egypt.Because of this problem, the World Health Organization says governments around the World need to take immediate action. It says countries need to solve the problem of the shortage of nurse and midwives to protect the health of their people. Exercise A: Listen to the report and give the definition of the following words.A nurse is a health care worker who is trained to care for sick people.A midwife is a health care worker who is trained to assist women during childbirth.“Skills drain”means that nurses, and midwives in developing countries are being offered better job industrial countries. Exercise B: Listen to the report again and complete the following sentences.1. This report is mainly about nursing crisis.2. The World Health Organization headquarters are in Geneva. Switzerland.3 Most nurses and midwives are leaving the health care profession because of low pay and poor working conditions.4 Governments around the world need to take immediate action solve this problem.Part 2 Oral WorkTAPESCRIPTIt is a strange experience coming back to the place where you were born and brought up after being away for many years. This happened to Bob a few months ago when he decided to return to Brighton to take up the post of reporter on a newspaper there. Bob get this job through an old friend of his. Though Bob didn't need to worry about his job any longer, he had other problems. He quickly discovered that his hometown looked quite unfamiliar to him when he went to look for somewhere to live..word格式,Many parts el it had completely changed. Having to look for a flat helped him to rediscover it, lot he had to search hard before he could find what he wanted.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics,1. Great changes have taken place in our country, even in your hometown .And it is still changing. Do you Bliss any of the things that no longer exist in your hometown?2 How can you be prepared to adapt yourself to the old unfamiliar hometown?, 专业.专注.。

UNIT 7Section one Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationMeet Your ChiropractorThe doctor of chiropractic (D.C.) is a (1) well-recognizedmember of the health team who (2) considersthe human body as a total functioning (3) unitand gives special attention to the spine, (4) muscles, nerves, circulatory and skeletal (5) systems. The chiropractor seeks to (6) relievepain.The procedures utilized are primarily focused on the (7) spine. The chiropractor is concerned about the spine's relationship to the (8) nerve system, which controls important body functions. The chiropractor knows that a malfunctioning* spinal joint can not only cause (9) back painor headaches, it can also (10) interfere withthe nerves leading from the spine, thereby (11) affecting other portions of the body.Millions of Americans are chiropractic patients for a wide variety of (12)health disorders. They depend on their chiropractor as their (13) family doctorto help them maintain their health through proper (14) diagnosis, treatment, and referral when (15) necessary.A minimum of six years of college study including internships (16) goes intothe making of a chiropractic physician. Many doctors of chiropractic choose to (17) limit their practicesto certain specialties, such as (18) sports injuries, nutrition, orthopedics or radiology.As a (19) licensed and regulatedmember of the healing arts, the doctor of chiropractic must pass a state (20) licensingboard examination in order to practice.Part 2 listening for GistLike the "Iron Age" volunteers, Paul has also chosen to cut himself off from many aspects of modem life, not, however, as an experiment but because he feels it is a more satisfactory way to live. He is talking about his small cottage in the Welsh mountains:"And that brings me to say what is primitive about it, namely, it is anything that has to be done, and there are obviously certain basic needs of life, is 'DIY' as they say: Do it yourself. There is no labor to be had nowadays in such a remote part. Er, there are no neighbors for most of the year and so you are on your own entirely. The place itself is extremely primitive. Er, I mentioned the water. I mentioned that we now have got electricity. Er, the building itself - it's important to keep it clean and it's stupid totry. We try to keep it tidy, and reasonably clean. It is very difficult to keep it warm, warm enough particularly in winter and that we do by an old kitchen range with coal and wood." ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence. The topic sentence is "The place itself is extremely primitive."Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart1 DialogueA Healthy LifeDr Martin Answay writes a column in a popular women's magazine on health problems. He isalso an expert on heart disease.Q: Is there a secret to good health? I mean, is there some way we can achieve it which is notgenerally known?A: It certainly isn't a secret. However, there is a great deal of ignorance, even among supposedly educated people, about how to be reasonably healthy.Q: Well, what advice do you give, then?A: Vh ... to begin with, take diet. I believe that one of the greatest dangers to health in Britain and other countries ...particularly developed countries ... is the kind of food wetend to prefer.Q: Such as?A: Such as that great national institution, the British breakfast, for example, ham and eggs. Or the kind of lunch so many people in this country have: sausage and chips! Or all the convenience foods like hamburgers. Or even things we regard as "healthy", such as full-fat milk. Or Cheddar cheese.The list is endless.Q: What's wrong with those things?A: The excessive consumption of such things leads to the overproduction of cholesterol, which in turn results in heart attack ...Q: Excuse me, but what exactly is cholesterol?A: It's a ... wax-like substance ... yellowish ... and it's produced naturally in our livers. We all need some cholesterol forsurvival.Q: Well, if we need it, in what way is it bad for us?A: Too much of it is bad for us. It builds up in our arteries, causing them to get narrower, so that our blood supply has difficulty in getting through ... and this, of course, can eventually end in a heart attack or stroke. The point I'm trying to make here is that, even though we all need some cholesterol in order to insulate our nerves, and to produce cellmembranes and hormones, the things many of us eat and even consider healthy lead to the overproduction of cholesterol. And this is very dangerous.Q: How can we avoid this overproduction of cholesterol?A: By cutting down our consumption of animal fats: things like red meat, cheese, eggs, and so on. And by increasing ourconsumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, and also by eating more potatoes, rice, pastaand bread.Q: Pasta? Potatoes? But ... aren't such things fattening?A: Nonsense. It isn't pasta, potatoes or bread that makes us fat.It's what we put on such things! Cheese, Butter, Meat!Q: So anything we like, anything that's delicious, is bad for us.Isn't that what you're saying?A: Rubbish! I'm simply saying we eat too much of these things.And there are many ways of preparing delicious food without using such large quantities of animal fats.Q: Last of all, what about exercise? You recently warned against certain forms of exercise, which you said could bedangerous.A: What I said was that if people aren't used to getting regular and vigorous exercise, they should begin slowly, and not try to do too much at the beginning! I also said that certaingames, such as squash, can be dangerous, particularly if you aren't used to playing them. A number of injuries are due to sudden, twisting movements that games like squash involve. Q: What kinds of exercise do you recommend, then?A: Gentle jogging, swimming, cycling, brisk walking ... exercise that is rhythmic and gentle, andabove all, sustained. That is, done for at least fifteen minutes uninterruptedly at least three times a week. We all need such exercise, and the fact is that far too few of us get enough of it, particularly if we live in large cities and regularly use cars.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and complete the following grids.A. CholesterolB. ExercisePart 2 PassageAging of America1)T he impending collision between the boomers and the nation's retirement system is naturally catching the eye of policymakers and the boomers themselves.2)R etirement income security in the United States has traditionally been based on the so-called three-legged stool: Social Security, private pensions, and other personal saving.3)R etirement planning takes time, and these issues need to be addressed sooner rather than later.4)O ne found that in 1991 the median household headed by a65-69-year-old had financial assets of only $14,000, but expanding the measure to include Social Security, pensions, housing, and other wealth boosts median wealth to about $270,000.5)O nly one or two generations of Americans have hadlengthy retirements, and the crucial retirement issueskeep changing rapidly, making long-term predictionseven harder.The Baby Boom* generation - the roughly 76 million people born between 1946 and 1964has been reshaping American society for five decades. From jamming the nation's schools in the 1950s and 1960s, to crowding labor markets and housing markets in the1970s and 1980s, to affecting consumption patterns almost continuously, boomers have altered economic patterns and institutions at each stage of their lives. Now that the leading edge of the generation has turned 50, the impending collision between the boomers and the nation's retirement system is naturally catching the eye of policymakers and the boomers themselves.Retirement income security in the United States has traditionally been based on the so-called three-legged stool: Social Security, private pensions, and other personal saving. Since World War II the system has served the elderly well: The poverty rate among elderly households fell from 35 percent in 1959 to 11 percent in 1995 .Are the baby boomers making adequate preparations for retirement? In part, the answer depends on what is meant by "adequate". One definition is to have enough resources to maintain pre-retirement living standards in retirement. A rule of thumb* often used by financial planners is that retirees should be able to meet this goal by replacing 60-80 percent of pre-retirement income. Retired households can maintain their pre-retirementstandard of living with less income because they havemore leisure time, fewer household members, and lower expenses. Taxes are lower because retirees escape payroll taxes and the income tax is progressive. And mortgages have, for the most part, been paid off. On theother hand, older households may face higher and more uncertain medical expenses, even though they are covered by Medicare.From a public policy perspective, assuring that retirees maintain 100 percent of pre-retirement living standards may be overly ambitious. But should policymakers aim to ensure that they maintain 90 percent of their living standards? Or that they stay out of poverty? Or use some other criterion? Retirement planning takes time, and these issues need to be addressed sooner rather than later.A second big question is how to measure how well baby boomers arepreparing for retirement. Studies that focus only on personal saving put aside for retirement yield bleak conclusions. One found that in 1991 the median household headed by a65-69-year-old had financial asset of only $14,000. But expanding the measure to include Social Security, pensions,housing, and other wealth boosts median wealth to about $270,000.A third issue - crucial but as yet little explored - iswhich baby boomers are not provided adequately for retirement and how big the gap is between what theyhave and what they shouldhave. Some boomers are doing extremely well, others quite poorly. Summary averages for an entire generation may not be useful as descriptions of the problem or as suggestions for policy.The uncertain prospects for the baby boomers in retirement are particularlytroubling because, as a society, we as yet understand little about the dynamicsof retirement. Only one or two generationsof Americans have had lengthy retirements, and the crucial retirement issues - health care, asset markets, Social Security, life span - keep changing rapidly, making long-term predictions even harder.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAs China's aging population is increasing rapidly, there should be a well-funded pension system put in place. However, the country's pension system only covers a fraction of the work force. It predicts that China will have an elderly population ofabout 400 million by 2040, which will be a large burden on the economy if an effective pension system is not established.The Chinese government, aware that the old pension system in the planned economy could not keep pace with the market economy, started to reform a purely "pay-as-you-go" pension system in 1997 and introduced one that combines a basic pension with personal savings accounts. The accounts are jointly paid into by employers and employees, as saving to support employees' retirements. The state is considering expanding a reformed pension insurance system nationwide.China is also accelerating the reform of China's pension system.It has been trying to find appropriate ways to invest pension funds in the capital market rather than simply putting them in banks or buying treasury bonds.It has also been trying to find appropriate ways to invest pension funds in the capital market overseas.To ensure the maintenance and appreciation of the pension pool, more investment tools should be allowed, with sound governance and parallel reform in the financial sector to ensure returns.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.D 2.D 3. B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.CExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)T he boomers have altered economic patterns from jamming the nation's schools in the 1950s and 1960s, to crowding labor markets and housing markets in the 1970s and 1980s, to affecting consumption patterns almost continuously.2)(Open)3)。

UNIT 5Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: plete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions.Woman 1: Oh did he? I don't (1) believe it!Woman 2: And so I said...Waiter: Yes, what (2) would you like?Woman 2: Oh, I don't know. Just let me (3) have a look at the menu. Let me see ...Woman 1: Erm. I'll have a cheeseburger, chips (4) and a large coke. Woman 2: Ugh! I hate cheese. (5) I'll have a beefburger and chips. Waiter: Anything else?Woman 2: (6) Have you got any orange juice?Waiter: Large (7) or small?Woman 2: Small, please. So anyway, (8) and then l said...Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking1. Prices on a Tokyo stock market rose more than 5%. The Nikkei closed at 17,686 points.2. The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up a modest 14 points to10.699 -- a fractional gain for the "blue-chips." The Standard andPoor's 500 index closed 10points higher -- less titan 1%. The technology-weighted Nasdaq posite gained about 40 points over 1%.The US economy may be slowing, but the latest data shows it is still vibrant. US consumer confidence bounced back this month. And sales of existing homes in June rose a surprising 2.8% -- a stronger-than-expected jump.Exercise: Listen to some statements. Fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.Section Two Listening prehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1With Casual Clothes…Woman: Hey Dan, where are you going?Dan: I’m going to work.Woman: To work? Look at you. You’re not wearing a suit. You’re wearing… well, just regular clothes.Dan: We don’t have to wear suits wear suits on Fridays anymore.There are new rules at work. We can wear whatever we want. Woman: That’s great!Dan: Yeah. And believe it or not, casual clothes are good for the environment.Woman: Good for environment? Stopping pollution?Dan: Yeah. Casual clothes actually stop pollution.Woman: How?Dan: Well, people don’t dry-clean casual clothes. You have to dry-clean suits. Dry leaning uses chemicals. Some chemicals arebad for the environment.Woman: Fewer chemicals. I never thought of that.Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions:1.What day is it today?2.What is the change in the rules at work?3.Why is it that casual clothes are good for the environment?4.Where does the man probably work?Dialogue 2 two 74s pleaseAt MacArthur's, a hamburger restaurant in Putney, near Wandsworth.Dave: I still don't understand why you had to see your grandmother on Saturday evening.Carol: Well, it was a sort of family thing. Everyone was there. I'd pletely forgotten aboutthe concert. Anyway, my mum wouldhave been upset if I hadn't gone.Dave: She wouldn't have been, surely? She would have understood.You could have told heryou had tickets.Carol: 1 said I forgot.Waitress: Are you ready to order now?Dave: Yes. Two 74s, please -- one medium and one rare –Oh---and two salads.Waitress: And to drink?Carol: Coffee for me.Dave: Two coffees, please.Carol: And you haven't phoned me at all during the week. You're too busy with your cycle club. If you'd phoned me on Fridaynight, 1 wouldn't have forgotten.Dave: But you know I ~o training every Friday night.Carol: I'm sorry but it's just that ...Dave: What?Carol: Well. I wish you wouldn't take me for granted so much.Dave: I don't! Anyway, you wanted to go to the concert. You bought the tickets months ago.Anyway, we always go out on Saturdays.Carol: That's just it.Dave: That's just what?Waitress: Did you want dressing with your salad'?Dave: What? Oh, no. thanks.Waitress: OK. No dressing.Carol: Oh. 1 don't know. It's just ...Dave: It's just what?Waitress: Two 74s. Whose is the rare?Dave: Mine.Carol: Oh, sometimes I wish I'd never started going out with you. You act as if you own me. If only you were a bit more ...Waitress: Is everything all right?Dave: Fine, everything's fine.Exercise A: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. They were supposed to go to the theatre on Saturday evening.(They were supposed to go to the concert on Saturdayevening.)F 2. The girl didn't go to meet the boy because she had to see hergrandmother. (The girl didn't go to meet the boy because shehad forgotten.)T 3. The boy was a member of a cycle club. (Carol: You're too busy with your cycle club.)F 4. The boy phoned tile gift on Friday night. (The boy didn't phonethe girl on Friday night.)T 5. The boy thought the girl would remember everything. (Carol: Well I wish you wouldn't take tile for granted so much.)Exercise B: Listen to the dialogue again and answer the questions.1. What does "Two 74s' mean?74 probably is the number of the dish on the menu, presumably beef.~they ordered the same dish -- one medium and the other rare.2. What else did they order?They ordered salad and coffee also.Part 2 PassageInstant CoffeeWhen coffee arrives at an instant coffee factory it has already been roasted and ground. In the factory, water is slowly passed through the coffee. The resulting* liquid is then repeatedly pumped through tubes at a very high temperature and pressure. The liquid is boiled and sugar, salt and a variety of chemicals are carefully added. This makes some of water evaporate*, leaving very strong coffee liquor*.To make instant coffee powder, the coffee liquor is poured through large cylindrical* driers at a temperature of 250~C. The heat evaporates the liquid, leaving instant coffee powder, which is collected and put into jars.Granulated* coffee is made by freeze-drying, The process is a secret one and is passed from one family of manufacturers to the next. The coffee liquor is rapidly frozen into blocks. After these have been broken up into very small pieces, they are dried in a vacuum. This removes the water without heat, leaving instant coffee granules*.Part 3 NewsNews Item 1The leaders of North and South Korea met this week. It was the first such meeting in 7 years, and only the second since Korea was divided in 1953.South Korean President Roh Moo-hyun and North Korea’s Kim Jong Ⅱended three days of talks in Pyongyang on Thursday. They signed a joint declaration to support peace and economic growth on the Korea Peninsula.It says the South and the North will closely cooperate to end military hostilities and ease tensions. The two Koreas have been increasingly cooperative, but technically they are still at war.Earlier this week, North Korea agreed to disable its main nuclear centers and document all of its programs by the end of the year. The agreement came in the six-party talks with China, South Korea, Japan, Russia and the United States.News Item 2Reports say a civilian was at one of the controls of the nuclear submarine that hit a Japanese fishing boat last week. The Navy said there is no evidence that the civilian was directly involved in the accident. Nine Japanese students and crew members from the fishing boat are still missing. Twenty-six other people survived the accident. The Navy has senta deep-sea vehicle to the sunken wreckage. It also will decide if the boat can be raised. On Tuesday, President Bush told Japanese Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori that he greatly regretted sinking the boat. The president spoke to Mr. Mori by telephone.News Item 3South Korea’s government has issued a stern warning in reaction to Saturday night protests that left more than 100 people injured. Officials say police will take every necessary measure to track down violent protesters, and will consider resuming the use of tear gas for the first time in nearly a decade.Saturday’s day-long protest escalated into clashes between police and demonstrators by nightfall. Police say the demonstrators vandalized busses authorities and set up as barricades. Authorities say some of the protesters attacked by throwing stones, swinging steel pipes, and even shooting acid from squirt guns at police. More than 50 protesters were taken into custody.Section 3 Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersMan: Hello. Could I speak to Miss Appleby, please? This is John Blofeld. Woman: One moment, please. I'm afraid she's out at tile moment. She's visiting a factory.Man: I see. Will she be back in her office at 10.30?Woman: Let me see, Uhm. Well, she might be late because of the traffic. Man: All right. She's a difficult person to get hold of, isn't she?What about lunch time? Is she free then?Woman: Yes, I'm awfully sorry. Just one moment. I'll check. No, she's having flinch with a designer.Man: Oh, dear. What time will she be back?Woman: Erin ... At two o'clock. She's seeing a customer here in her office.Man: Ah. So what time can I phone back'?Woman: Any time after 2.30.Man: Are you sure?Woman: Definitely. She will be in her office for the rest of the afternoon. Man: OK. I'll phone back then. Thank you.Woman: That's ~dl right. Goodbye.Exercise: Listen to a dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question in plete sentence after you have heard it.Questions:1. Was Miss Appleby in?(No, she was out.)2. Where was she?(She was at a factory.)3. Would she be back at 10:30?(No. she would be back later than that.)4. Why would she be back late?(The traffic was busy.)5. Would she be free at lunch time?(No, she would be having lunch with a designer.)6. What would she do at two o'clock?(She would see a customer in her office.)7, She was a person who was hard to get hold of, wasn't she?(Yes. she was a difficult person to get hold of.)8. When could John Blofeld phone back?(He could phone back anytime after 2.30.)Part 2 RetellingJimmy left home when he was fifteen and went to London He did lots of different jobs and always got tip very early, at about 6.30. He went to work on a bicycle and always crossed a vet? busy main road to work.One Monday morning he had an accident. He crossed the road carelessly and a car hit him. He fell off his bike and hit his head on the pavement. He was sent to hospital in an ambulance. When he was in hospital he did a lot of thinking about this life and his work.When he left hospital, he went straight to a second-hand shop and got all old electric guitar for 25 pounds. He forgot about his job in the factory? and never went back to it again. He lost his job but he found another work and a better way of life. He often thinks, “I’m glad I had that accident."Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. You will hear thepassage only once.Section Four Supplementary exercisePart 1 Listening prehensionPassage 1 Tinned Tomato SoupTinned tomato soup is horrible. Why not make your own? It's dead easy, and it tastes delicious.You need some onions*, some tomatoes, butter or margarine*, salt, pepper*, some wine, and any herbs* that you feel like putting in.The first thing to do is to pour yourself a glass of wine. Then chop* the onions up small, wash the tomatoes carefully ----- you don't know what sort of chemicals they've had on them, do you? -- and cut them into quarters. Then you ---- I'm sorry, I didn't say how many tomatoes, did I? My book says 700 grams for four to six people, but I don't find that's enough, because the soup's so good that everybody asks for more. So I usually make twice as much. If they don't eat it all you can always freeze it.I use about one and a half kilos of tomatoes, and two or three big onions, or five or six small ones. You must have enough onions -- that's what makes the soup taste good,OK, so you chop the onions and cut the tomatoes into quarters. When you've done that, you put some butter in a big saucepan -- or you can use margarine or oil instead, if you prefer put it on a low heat and fry* the onions and garlic gently for three or four minutes. Yeah, sorry, 1 should have said -- you need two cloves* of garlic, chopped up small or crushed*. You might like to throw in a piece of bacon rind* as well. Keep stirring* everything gently while it's frying.After three or four minutes, put the tomatoes into tile saucepan, and pour in some water about a quarter of a litre. A bit more if the tomatoes aren't very juicy. Add plenty of salt and pepper, and herbs if you want to.Stir everything thoroughly, put the lid on the saucepan, and bring it to the boil* Then leave it to cook slowly over a low heat for an hour or so. Pour yourself another glass of wine.When it's ready -= you can tell if it's ready, because everything's soft and it smells terrific --when it's ready, take it off the cooker and strain* it carefully through a sieve*. Actually, it's best if you've got one of those little machines where you turn a handle and it pushes everything through a round metal plate with little holes in -- you know what I mean?Put the soup back into the saucepan and see whether it needs any more salt. Then bring it to the boil again. Cook it gently for two or three minutes; keep stirring it. When you serve it, you can mix in some milk if you like, but I don't bother--- I think it's nice as it is. You're supposed to make croutons* as well -- you know, little squares of toast or fried bread--- but I don't bother about that either. It's too much trouble. Do try it. You'll thank me.Exorcise A: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1.B2. D3. A4. C5. D6. D7. A8. BExercise B: Listen to the passage again and plete the following outline.1.PreparationA. ingredientsa. onionsb. tomatoes, about 700 grams for four to six peoplec. butter or margarined. herbs (optional)e. two cloves of garlicB. Preparationa. chop the onionsb. wash and cut the tomatoes into quartersc. chop or crush the garlicIl. CookingA. Put some butter or margarine or oil in a big saucepan.B. Put it on a low heat.C. Fry the onions and garlic gently for three or four minutes. Keepstirring everything gentlywhile it's frying.D. Put the tomatoes into the saucepan, and pour in some water---about a quarter of a litre. Add plenty of salt and pepper, and herbsif you want to.E. Stir everything thoroughly, put the lid on the saucepan, and bring it to the boil.F. Leave it to cook slowly over a low heat for an hour or so.G. When it's ready, take it off' the cooker and strain it carefully through a sieve.H. Put the soup back into the saucepan and add more salt if necessary.I. Then bring it to the boil again. Cook it gently for two or three minutes: keep stirring~ it.J. Serve it,you can mix in some milk if you like.Passage 2 WHO Medical Training CenterThe World Health Organization bas opened a new medical training center to help developing countries identify and control diseases. The center opened last month in Lyons*, France. It will help poor countries set up laboratories to quickly identify and control infectious diseases.The WHO already operates an international system that watches for major health threats thatcould develop into world problems. The WHO executive director for municable diseases is David Heymann. Doctor Heymann says the new medical center in France will help strengthen public health laboratories and services in developing countries.Doctor Heymann says there is a great need for this. In Africa, for example, he says only one laboratory can identify tile Ebola* or Marburg* viruses that cause serious diseases. It is the WHO laboratory in South Africa.Bacteria or other substances that are collected in any country in Africa are sent to the laboratory in South Africa. Or they are sent to laboratories in Europe, North America or Asia. Doctor Heymann says Ebola is an example of a very plex disease that is hard to identify. But many countries, he says, do not even have the ability to identify more monly known diseases, such as cholera* or yellow fever*.The World Health Organization estimates that diseases spread to other people kill more than 13,000,000 people around the world each year. Most of the victims are poor people in developing countries.To help solve this problem, the WHO hopes to train people from 45 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, The first training class begins in April in Lyons. Laboratory experts from eight countries in West Africa and Central Africa will take part. The programme will offer the medical experts and,scientists new skills to identify diseases. They also will learn how to use munications equipment, the Internet and electronic mail. This technology will help them respond quickly to possible medical problems.The WHO saysthe purpose of the project is to build a system that will help countries identify diseases. With these skills, the WHO says countries will be able to react more quickly to fight the spread of disease.Part 2 Oral WorkLast Christmas Professor Smith wanted to show his family that he was young and fashionable atheart, so he decided to give them clothes as Christmas presents.For his twelve-year old nephew he thought a pair of shorts would be suitable. Unfortunately the pair he got didn't fit him at all. They were much mo big. His brother was very keen on swimming so he got him a pair of swimming trunks. They were a size too small, however, and so were much too tight. But that was the last mistake the poor professor made, because while he was picking out a bright pink summer dress for his daughter, she happened to see him in the shop and managed to persuade him that the colour didn't go with the colour of her hair, She was quite relieved to open her Christmas present the next week and find a book on wild flowers.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics,I. Wily do you think Professor Smith couldn't buy the right presents for his children?2. Have things of this kind ever happened in your family?。

教案听力教程1施心远1到16单元UNIT 1Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions.Woman 1: I've got good news (1) for you! Woman 2: Oh, yes? Woman 1: I'm getting married.Man: Well, well! (2) Who's the lucky man? Do we know him? Woman 1: Of course you (3) know him! It's David! Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news! Man: I'm sure (5) you'll be very happy. Woman 2: (6) When's the wedding?Woman 1: Next June. (7)we're going to have a big June wedding! Woman 2:Are we invited?Woman 1: Of course! I hope you (8) can all come. Part 2 Listening andNote-taking Telephone rings for a long time.Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you? Voice: At last! Why don'tyou answer the phone?Operator: I'm sorry. I was downstairs. Voice: Well, can I speakto Mr. Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France.Voice: What about Mr. Gray ― extension 322. Operator: Mr. Gray's at home. Voice: Well, may I speak to Mr. Redman's secretary? Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's. Voice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr.Gray's secretary. Operator: Miss Jones? Voice: That's right.Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's. Voice: Who is intoday?Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please?Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Complete the following sentences. Where are they? Mr. Redman is on holiday in the South of France. Mr. Gray is at home.Mr. Redman's secretary is at her sister's.Mr. Gray's secretary, Miss Jones, is at the hairdresser's.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr. Baxter. Woman 2: How do you do? Man: How do you do? Man l: Hello, Al. How are you?Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again. Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve? Woman 2: No, how do you do? Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you.Man l: Tony, I'd like to introduce my friend Mary Parker. Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you. Woman: Hello.Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper. Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. Exercise: Listen to some people talking at a party. Who is talking to whom? Who has known whom before? Complete the following sentences. Names in the box are for your reference.1. Professor Andrews is talking to Dr. Baxter.2. A1 is talking to Eric.3. Sally is talking to Steve.4. Tony is talking to Maw Parker.5. Susan Rotteris talking to John Lee.6. A1and Eric have known each other before.7. Tony has known Mary Parker before.Dialogue 2 welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England,Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland. Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol. Etienne: Hello.Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker. Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel. Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks? Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and theairport was crowdedMr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs. Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. it's heavy. Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well … Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.)T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says\probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says \No hijacks?\draw a conclusionthat they were serious.)F 4. the plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt. (The planewas late probably because it was the holiday season.)T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year. (It is the holiday season.)T 6. It is probably still cold. (Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tellsEtienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.) F 7. The central heating doesn't work. (It doesn't work very well.)T 8. Mr. Baker can't find the blankets. (Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

U7听力教程第三版施心远学生用书Unit 7Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsStress, Intonation and AccentScriptListen to Joanna. When does s he mean “Not at all”? When does she mean “Only in special cases”? Tick the right box.1. Who? Mary? She doesn’t go out with anyo ne, you know.2. No. Well, if you ask me, she doesn’t like anybody.3. Oh, a meal. Yes, that’d be nice. But where? I don’t want to eat anywhere.4. Do you think so? Mm —of course, she doesn’t approve of anyone.5. Yes. But what do you suggest? She won’t e njoy anything, will she?6. No, I asked her. I think she doesn’t want to go anywhere.7. I know. It’s odd, isn’t it? Never mind. We don’t have to go out with anyone.8. In fact, let’s not go out with anyone.Key1. (That means she will go out only with someone special.)2. (That means she doesn’t like anybody, no matter who he or she is.)3. (That means she would only eat at some special restaurants.)4. (That means she doesn’t approve of anyone, no matter who he or she is.)5. (That means she has special tastes.)6. (That means she just wants to stay at home.)7. (That means we can go out with particular ones.)8. (That means they will go out on their own.)Part 2 Listening and Note-TakingMountain Rescue ServiceScriptA. Listen to some sentences and fill in the blanks with the missing words.1. The first thing that happens is that the person who reports the accident is closelyquestioned.2. They will also need to know how many people were involved in the accident andwhat kind of injuries there were.3. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group.4. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.5. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help can be contacted without delay.B. Listen to a talk about mountain rescue service. Take notes and complete thefollowing outline.When an accident is reported to the Mountain Rescue Service, the first thing that happens is that the person who reports the accident is closely questioned.The rescue group needs to find out a number of details. First, they need to know exactly where the accident happened, with a map reference if possible. Then they will want to know the time of the accident. They will also need to know how many people were involved in the accident and what kind of injuries there were.Finally, they will ask for other useful details, such as the colo ur of the victim’s clothing and the weather conditions.Then the rescue team’s call-out procedure begins. Team members keep their personal equipment at home so as to be ready to set off within fifteen minutes of receiving the call.The advance party of about four people sets off right away. They carry a radiotelephone with them to send details to the main party and to the base. They are also equipped and trained to give immediate medical assistance.The main party follows the advance party. They carry a radiotelephone and more supplies, including a stretcher for the victim. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.Rescue control is set up in a mobile base. This vehi cle carries the team’s supplies other than personal equipment. It is equipped with radiotelephone and the means of providing hot food and drinks. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help, for example ambulance, doctor, helicopter or reserves, can be contacted without delay.KeyA. 1. The first thing that happens is that the person who reports the accident is closelyquestioned.2. They will also need to know how many people were involved in the accident and whatkind of injuries there were.3. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group.4. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.5. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help can be contacted without delay.B. Mountain Rescue ServiceI. The rescue group needs to find out a number of details.A. The place where the accident happened.B. The time of the accident.C. Details about the victim.II. Then the rescue team’s call-out procedure begins.A. Team members keep their personal equipment at home so as to be ready to setoff within fifteen minutes of receiving the call.B. The advance party of about four people sets off right away.1. They carry a radiotelephone with them to send details to the main party and2. They are also equipped and trained to give immediate medical assistance.C. The main party follows the advance party.1. They carry a radiotelephone and more supplies, includinga stretcher for thevictim.D. The third party on the mountain is the back-up group.1. Their job is to help the main party on its return journey.III. R escue control is set up in a mobile base.A. This vehicle carries the team’s supplie s other than personal equipment.B. It is equipped with radiotelephone and the means of providing hot food anddrinks.C. The base is set up near a telephone so that extra help, for example ambulance,doctor, helicopter or reserves, can be contacted without delay.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Sentence IdentificationScriptIdentify each sentence as simple (S), compound (CP), complex (CPL) or compound-complex (C-C). You will hear each sentence twice. Write the corresponding letter(s) in the space provided.1. What do I care if you choose to make a fool of yourself?2. Walter was satisfied with the outcome; his wife, however, was bitterly disappointed.3. Their trip to the park seashore next day was cut short by the first heavy drops of rainfrom the brooding clouds.4. Eileen, Sophia and William decorated the room, replaced the furniture, and cleanedthe carpet.5. Many of the players have slight injuries, but the team as a whole is in fine shape. Key1. CPL2. CP3. S4. S5. CPPart 2 DialoguesDialogue 1 Stressed OutScriptA. In the dialogue the speakers talk about stress management. Listen to the dialogueand decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).Friend: Are you OK, Mia? You look beat. You look really tired.Mia: I am. I can’t seem to sleep at night. I’ve been under a lot of pressure lately—a lot of stress.Friend: What’s up?Mia: I’ve got a million things to do. I’m busy at work. I’m working on the house too, you know. I’m trying to fix it up. I need to finish it before winter. Just lotsFriend: Any way I can help?Mia: Thanks, but not really. It’s just things I have to do.Friend: Well, you need to manage that stress a little better. Are you getting any exercise?Mia: Who has time?Friend: You really should ride a bicycle to the store, or walk to work a couple of daysa week, or go swimming at the community center. It helps me to get exercisewhen I’m busy. You don’t hav e to become a fitness nut*, you know.Mia: That is a good suggestion. It’s just th e time, you know. I’m always thinking of what I should be doing.Friend: No wonder you can’t sleep. A lot of people learn to meditate* or learn yoga.Meditation and yoga are supposed to be good ways to deal with stress. Theyhelp you relax.Mia: Yoga? Mayb e I’ll call the community center. They might have some classes there.Friend: You know, another thing you can do is to take vitamins. You use up a lot of vitamins and you don’t get themin your meals all the time. They won’t helpthe stress, but they might help your body handle it better. You really shouldtake vitamins every day.Mia: Yeah, I should get some. Thanks.Friend: How about going out with Ros a and me this Friday? It’ll do you good.We could see a movie, make you forget your problems. Have a little fun.Mia : You know, you’re right about all of this. Let’s go somewhere Friday night, have dinner, see a movie. That’ll be fun.Friend: Now you’re talking!Mia: OK. See you Friday. Got to get back to work!Friend: Mia, you’re hopeless, truly hopeless.B. Listen to some extracts from the dialogue and complete the following sentenceswith the missing words.1. Friend: What’s up?Mia: I’ve got a million things to do. I’m busy at work. I’m working on the house too, you know. I’m trying to fix it up. I need to finish it before winter. Justlots of deadlines.2. Friend: You know, another thing you can do is to take vitamins. You use up a lot ofvitamins and you don’t get t hem in your meals all the time. They won’t helpthe stress, but they might help your body handle it better. You really shouldtake vitamins every day.KeyA. 1. Mia looks great.2. Mia has been under a lot of pressure probably because she finds it difficult tomeet the deadlines.3. She is repairing her house herself.4. Her friend believes exercise can help you relax.5. Her friend also believes that if you get regular exercise you will probablybecome a fitness nut.6. Mia has insomnia.7. Meditation and yoga are supposed to be good ways to deal with stress.8. Vitamins can also relieve stress.9. Mia will go out with her friend Friday evening.10. Mia is probably a workaholic.B. 1. Friend: What’s up?Mia: I’ve got a million things to do. I’m busy at work. I’m working on the house too, you know. I’m trying to fix it up. I need to finish it before winter. Justlots of deadlines.2. Friend: You know, another thing you can do is to take vitamins. You use up a lot ofvitamins and you don’t get t hem in your meals all the time. They won’t helpthe stress, but they might help your body handle it better. You really shouldtake vitamins every day.Dialogue 2 ReflexologyScriptA. Listen to two people talking about reflexology and complete the following chart.Woman: Did I tell you about the reflexology* class I’m taking at the Asia Center?Man: The what class?Woman: Reflexology. It’s foot massage? You know, from Chinese medicine.Man: Foot massage?Woman: Yeah. It’s wonderful. Here, let me show you what I’ve learned. Take of f your shoes and socks.Man: Are you serious?Woman: Just try it.Man: OK.Woman: The important thing to understand is that parts of your foot are connected to other parts of your body.Man: Yeah, my legs.Woman: No. I mean certain places on your foot are connected to other places, other parts of your body. So when you ma ssage a part of your foot, it’s good foranother part. For example, look at your big toe.Man: Uh-huh.Woman: The area on the bottom of the big toe is connected to your brain. Do you have headaches?Man: Headaches? Sometimes.Woman: So just rub the area on the bottom of your big toe. It will help your brain.Man: Huh? Huh. Actually, my eyes hurt more often than my head. My eyes get tired from using the computer at work.Woman: Massaging your other toes can help your eyes. Onthe bottom of each toe, there’s a small area. They’re round, li ke circles. Well, rubbing these circlesmakes your eyes feel better. It relaxes tired eyes.Man: Here? This area under each toe?Woman: Yeah. But that’s not the only place for tired eyes. If your eyes really hurt, find the area under your two sm allest toes … there by your two smallesttoes.Man: Uh-huh.Woman: It looks something like the letter “U.” Massage that U. It will help when you feel really bad pain in your eyes.Man: What else?Woman: Well, now move down your foot on the outside. Find the widest part of your foot on the out side, there’s an area r elated to your shoulders. Massage itfirmly — not so hard that it hurts, but you should be firm. This will help themuscles in your shoulders.Man: Like stiff shoulders, that kind of thing?Woman: Right. Now let’s look at the oth er side of your foot. On the inside of your foot, put your fingers near the top — on the inside, just under the big toe.Slowly and firmly, rub from the top all the way to your heel … to the end ofyour foot. This area will heal your back. If you have backaches, rub thislong, narrow area several times a day.Man: The whole inside edge helps the back?Woman: That’s right. How’s your stomach? Do you get stomachaches?Man: Not very often … well, sometime s, if I eat too much.Woman: Find the area in the center of your foot. It goes from the inside edge of your foot almost all the way to the other side. It’s almost like a small egg.Massage it firmly. It can help your stomach.Man: Here, in the middle?Woman: Right. You can work on your knees, too. If you have sore knees, move your hand to the bottom, outside edge of your foot, the sole of your foot, by theheel. Rub firmly.Man: You know, this is kind of interesting. But actually, you know what hurts the most? My feet. I get blisters* a lot.Woman: Blisters? Maybe you need bigger shoes.KeyPart 3 PassageEating CultureScriptB. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you willhear.Don’t Americans know that eating immoderate quantities of French fries and pizza can lead to overweight? Almost 80 percent know that high fat intake may lead to health problems,86 percent are aware that cholesterol* can mean trouble, and 88 percent know that sodium*may have negative effects on health.This leaves obesity* researchers struggling with the questions of why we eat a lot of fat when we know it makes usfat. What’s m ore, overweight is on the rise, even as popular culture continues to celebrate slimness, to the point of embracing fashion models as standards of female beauty.A couple of different societal forces are pushing Americans toward overweight, eventhough we value slenderness. First, broad changes have conspired* to make many adults feel stressed at home and work, from corporate downsizing to being a single parent. They eat as a form of release. People are eating more because it’s a form of gratification.Second, Americans live in the only country in the world where pie-eating contests are old-fashioned fun, and all-you-can-eat restaurants dot the landscape.Many obesity experts believe that cultural standards of slenderness are primarily embraced by white Americans, to whom slimness becomes more important with increasing income. Yet blacks, particularly black women, don’t necessarily buy into the slim-is-better philosophy.If there is greater acceptance of overweight among black women, it’s unclear whether it promotes their higher-than-average rates of overweight or results from them. One thing is certain: this high prevalence of overweight among blacks is not genetic. Obesity is not an issue for blacks native to Africa. The low household incomes of many blacks living in the U.S. may play a major role in their high levels of overweight. If you’re poor, you learn to eat foods that yield the greatest amount of energy for the lowest cost —that’s fat.Questions:1. How many Americans know that sodium may do harm to their health?2. What worries obesity researchers most?3. What happens to the Americans as popular culture prefers slimness?4. What have made many adults live under the pressure?5. Why do people eat more?6. What do white Americans consider slenderness?7. Which group of people do not believe in the slim-is-better philosophy?8. Which of the following is certain about the cause for high obesity rate among blackAmericans?C. Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.KeyA. Experts agree the key to healthy eating is the time-tested advice of balance, variety andmoderation. In short, that means eating a wide variety of foods without getting too many calories or too much of any one nutrient. Here are some tips that can help you:●Eat a variety of nutrient-rich foods.●Enjoy plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables.●Maintain a healthy weig ht.●Eat moderate portions.●Eat regular meals.●Reduce but not eliminate certain foods.●Balance your food choices over time.●Know your diet pitfalls.B. 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. CC. 1. They know that eating immoderate quantities of French fries and pizza can lead tooverweight.2. People are eating more under stress because it’s a form of gratification.3. Americans live in the only country in the world where pie-eating contests areold-fashioned fun, and all-you-can-eat restaurants dot the landscape.4. It is not genetic.5. Because they are poor and have to learn to eat foods that yield the greatest amount ofenergy for the lowest cost —that’s fat.D. 1. Overweight is on the rise, even as popular culture continues to celebrate slimness, tothe point of embracing fashion models as standards of female beauty.2. Americans live in the only country in the world where pie-eating contests areold-fashioned fun, and all-you-can-eat restaurants dot the landscape.3. Many obesity experts believe that cultural standards of slenderness are primarilyembraced by white Americans, to whom slimness becomes more important withincreasing income. Yet blacks, particularly black women, don’t necessarily buy intothe slim-is-better philosophy.4. If you’re p oor, you learn to eat foods tha t yield the greatest amount of energy for thelowest cost —that’s fat.Part 4 NewsNews item 1 Over-60s to Double by 2050ScriptA. Listen to the news item and decide whether the following statements are true (T) orfalse (F). Then give a brief summary about the news item.The World Health Organization says society worldwide will experience major changes, with 20 percent of the population older than 60. The report urges governments to have policies that permit older people to participate more in society.In 2006, there were 50 million older adults in the Americas. That number is expected to double by 2025. By the year 2050, 1-in-4 people in the Americas will be over 60. Globally, 1-in-5 people will be over 60.The WHO report says that older people make many important contributions to families and communities. It suggests that these contributions are greater than the costs of providing elders with more health services.The report says societies need to adjust to an aging population. Communities need to become friendlier to older people. This means improving security for the elders and preventing social isolation* and loneliness.Health systems need to better serve older people. Systems need to provide more long-term care for conditions common in older age.Governments also need to develop long-term care systems that ensure people live their later years with dignity*. The report says that especially women — who often are the main caregivers for older family members — need more support and resources.B. Listen to the news item again and complete the following sentences.KeyA. 1. According to the WHO, 30 percent of the world population will get older than60.2. By the year 2025, older adults in the Americas are expected to be 100 million.3. The contributions that the elders make to families and communities are almostthe same as the costs of their health services..4. Communities need to better serve older people, be friendlier to them and permitthem to participate more in society.5. Women who are the main caregivers for elder family members should get moresupport.This news item is about the necessity of having long-term care systems for the growingageing population worldwide.B. 1. Communities need to improve security for the elders and prevent social isolation andloneliness.2. Governments should develop long-term care systems to ensure people live their lateryears with dignity.C. Health systems need to better serve older people. Systems need to provide morelong-term care for conditions common in older age.News item 2 What Is “Social Jet Lag”?ScriptA. Listen to the news item and complete the following outline. Then give a briefsummary about the news item.Do you often start your day feeling tired? Do you ever fall asleep at work? Do you sometimes just feel out of it —as if your brain is still asleep, even though your body is awake?If you answered “yes” to any of these questio ns, you might be suffering from what re searchers call “social jet lag*.” And help might come from simply changing your work hours.Till Roenneberg is a German chronobiologist. “Chrono” comes from the G reek root word “chronos” and means “time.” So, a chro nobiologist is a scientist that studies the states of being awake and being asleep.Till Roenneberg led researchers in a study at Ludwig-Maximilian University in Munich, Germany. They studied “social jet lag” a mong workers at a steel company in Europe.Factory workers were given work times that matched their natural sleeping habits.Supervisors did not force the so-called “night owls,” people who like to stay awake at night, to get up early for work. On the other hand, supervisors also did not force early risers, sometimes called “larks,” to work late.Changing the schedules of the workers to fit their lifestyle improved their sense of wellbeing, says Mr. Roenneberg.B. Listen to the news item again and complete the following sentences.KeyA. A Study on “Social Jet Lag”The institution: Ludwig-Maximilian University in Munich, GermanyLeading researcher: Till RoennebergSubject of the research: Workers at a steel company in EuropeMethod: Factory workers were given work times that matched their natural sleeping habits.Finding: Changing the schedules of the workers to fit their lifestyle improved their sense of wellbeing.This news item is about a way that could cure “social jet lag” —changing workschedule.B. 1. “Social jet lag” is a feeling that a person usually has when he finds h is body is awakeand his brain is asleep. Therefore he will say he feels out of it.2. A person who likes to stay up late is called a “night owl”, while a person who gets upearly is called an early riser, or a “lark”.C. Do you often start your day feeling tired? Do you ever fall asleep at work? Do yousometimes just feel out of it—as if your brain is still asleep, even though your body is awake?Section Three Oral WorkRetellingHollywood Totem PoleScriptListen to a story and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the story only once. You can write down some key wordsand phrases.Screenwriters, as Tom Schulman quickly learned, have long been the lowest members on the Hollywood totem* pole.“If I had any inclination to get a big head, the Oscars cured th at,” he once recalled.“The presenter who gave me the award [for Dead Poets Society] was Jane Fonda. She had recently been in the news because she had started dating Ted Turner.Anyway, she handed me the Oscar and I made my little speech and we went together into the pressroom where there was a small stage in front of bleachers* filled with about 60 press members, who were supposed to ask the winner questions.Jane and I took the stage and she said, “I’d like to introduce you to Tom Schulman, who’s just won an Oscar for Best Original Screenplay. Do you have any questions?”There was a barrage* of questions. “Jane, what’s it like with Ted? Are you getting married?” etc. And she said, “Come on, this isn’t my night, it’s Tom’s night. Please direct your questions to him.”So there’s a little pause and somebody says, “Tom,what’s it like getting an Oscar from Jane? What’s your thought —you think she’ll marry Ted?”.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 PassageCancerScriptA. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions you willhear.Cancer is the general name for a large group of diseases. It occurs when cells in the body grow and divide out of control.Our bodies are made up of millions of cells. Layers of cellsform tissues. Normal cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly way. This process helps keep our bodies healthy.Cancer cells grow and divide too quickly. The process usually starts when something damages the genetic structure (DNA*) inside the cells. Instead of dying in an orderly way, cancer cells keep growing, lump together* and form an extra mass of tissues. This mass is called a malignant* tumor. As a malignant tumor grows, it damages nearby tissue. A malignant tumor can take a long time (up to 30 years) or a short time (2 or 3 years) to cause symptoms.Cancer can begin in one part of the body and spread to others. This is called metastasis*.During metastasis, cancer cells travel through the body. In the new location, cancer cells create a new malignant tumor and grow out of control.Not all tumors are malignant. Some are benign, which means they aren’t cancerous.Benign tumors usually aren’t life threatening. They can usually be removed and rarely come back.We’re not exactly sure what causes cancer. We don’t always know why one person gets it and another doesn’t. However, we do know a lot about the risk factors for cancer. The more we know about the risk factors, the more we can do to protect ourselves.Risk is a person’s chance of getting a disease over a certain period of time. A person’s risk factors make up a person’s risk.A risk factor is anything that raises or lowers a person’s chance of getting a disease. Youcan control some of them, but not all of them. Risk factors for cancer include:● A lifestyle choice, like what a person eats;●A n environmental exposure, like smoke from other people’s cigarettes;●Genetic make-up or family history;●Another disease or medical problem.These things mix together with different effects on different people. Some people are more sensitive to risk factors than others. Just because you have one or even several risk factors does not mean you will definitely get cancer. And avoiding risk factors does not guarantee you will be healthy.Questions:1. What are our bodies made up of?2. When does the process of cancer cells growing and dividing start?3. What do cancer cells form instead of dying in an orderly way?4. How long can a malignant tumor take to cause symptoms?5. Where can cancer start at the beginning?6. What do cancer cells do during metastasis?7. How many risk factors for cancer do we know?8. What do risk factors mean to those people who have one or several risk factors?B. Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.KeyA. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. CB. 1. Cancer occurs when cells in the body grow and divide out of control.2. The process of normal cells helps keep our bodies healthy.3. No, not all tumors are malignant. Benign tumors canusually be removed and rarelycome back.4. A risk factor is anything that raises or lowers a person’s chance of getting a disease.5. Some people are more sensitive to risk factors than others. Just because you have oneor even several risk factors does not mean you will definitely get cancer. Andavoiding risk factors does not guarantee you will be healthy.Part 2 VideoStudents Invent Water Purification DiscScriptWatch the video film and answer the questions.The lab operates like a kitchen. They add this ingredient and that, mixing, weighing, pressing and baking.What’s created is called a MadiDrop —a ceramic* disc infused* with silver.When dropped in water, silver ions are released to purify the water. And, testing here at the University of Virginia shows clean, safe water. Beeta Ehdaie is a doctoral candidate at UV A.“It’s not just about making a really great technology that effectively removes or kills bacteria and pathogens*. It’s about making a low cost, simple to use one, tailored* to people in developing countries who don’t have many resources.”The students are experimenting with various shapes of MadiDrops to correspond with different sizes of water storage containers. So why did they name them “MadiDrops”?The word “madi” means “water” in Tshivenda,a language of Limpopo Province in South Africa. Here fifty women run a water filter* factory, set up by the university last summer.。