山西省吕梁育星中学2018-2019高二下学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）(略)第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AAn earthquake is a trembling or shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release(释放) of energy stored in the rocks below the surface. Generally, earthquakes last only seconds. Strong ground shaking during a medium（中等的）to large earthquake generally lasts about 10 to 30 seconds. Aftershocks（余震）can occur once in a while for weeks or even months.Many peopl e think that there is an “earthquake season” or a kind of “earthquake weather”. As a matter of fact, there isn’t. Earthquakes can occur at any time of the year and at time of day or night. Earthquakes occur under all weather conditions-sunny, wet. or cold without any special weather tendency(倾向).Also, you don’t need to worry that the ground will open up and swallow people when earthquakes occur. Open ground cracks may form during an earthquake, for example, to land sliding or ground falling. However, such cracks tend to be open gaps (they don’t “ swallow”) that a person could stand in afterwards.The safest place in an earthquake is an open field because buildings and falling objects can injure or kill you. If you are indoors, when you feel the ground start to shake, take cover immediately under a table or strong piece of furniture, placing something between falling objects and yourself. Don’t attempt to use the stairs or an elevator to get out of the building.21．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Earthquakes usually last 10 to 30 seconds.B．After a big earthquake, there are many more quakes.C．Cracks in an earthquake are very dangerous.D．What usually injures people during an earthquake are falling buildings.22．The reason why there isn’t “earthquake weather” is that ____________.A．an earthquake only lasts seconds and doesn’t happen frequently.B．an earthquake can happen at any time and in any kind of weather.C．when an earthquake happens is related to the weatherD．earthquakes don’t change with the seasons23．The underlined word “swallow” in Paragraph3 probably means “___________”?A．take sb. / sth. in B．make sb. frightenedC．make room for sb. to stand in D．make the ground slideBStephen William Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents’ house was in north London, but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies. When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London. At eleven Stephen went to St Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his father’s old college. Stephen wanted to do Mathematics, although his father would have preferred medicine. Mathematics was not available at College, so he did Physics instead. After three years and not very much work he was awarded a first class honours degree in Natural Science.Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology, there being no one working in that area in Oxford at the time. His supervisor was Dennis Sciama, although he had hoped to get Fred Hoyle who was working in Cambridge. After gaining his Ph. D, he became first a Research Fellow, and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. The chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henry Lucas, who had been the Member of Parliament for the University. It was first held by Isaac Barrow, and then in 1663 by Isaac Newton.Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees, was awarded the CBE in 1982,and was made a Companion of Honour in 1989. He is the recipient of many awards, medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.24. At his teenage, Stephen W. Hawking went to the same college as .A. GalileoB. his fatherC. Isaac BarrowD. Isaac Newton25. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to Hawking?a. He gained his Ph. D.b. He went to Cambridge.c. He was given a first class honour degree.d. He began to hold the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.e. He went to St Albans School.A. e-c-b-a-dB. a-e-c-d-bC. a-e-c-b-dD. c-b-d-e-a26. According to the passage, Stephen W. Hawking had never spent much time studying .A. CosmologyB. MathematicsC. PhysicsD. Medicine27. Before Stephen Hawking went to Cambridge, .A. there was no one studying Cosmology in EnglandB. there was no one studying Cosmology in OxfordC. there were only a few scientists studying Cosmology in OxfordD. Cosmology is widely studied in BritainCAs a capital city full of art and history, London is an important political centre and a huge financial marketplace. Whatever you think about London, visiting as a tourist is very different from living there. Each part of London has its own character. Some parts are richer than others, or more industrial, or have better housing.Let’s start with the centre, the “Square Mile”. This is the oldest part of London. In the past, it was where all financial business was done. Not many people live here, but 300,000 people work here every day.Moving west, we come to the West End. This busy shopping and entertainment district is bursting with things to do. Take a walk down Oxford Street, and you will see big department stores like Selfridges and Harrods. Rents here are very high; a one-bedroom apartment may cost around 1,000 pounds a week. Further away is West London. This area is more residential(住宅的)and very fashionable.The East End contains the Port of London, which historically is where many immigrants first arrived. Waves of French, Belgians, Jews, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis have all lived here. This makes the culture of this area very various. London won the bid to hold the Olympics in 2012, so many Londoners hope that housing, education and employment for many people in this area will improve.It is difficult to be general about London. The city is made up of a " collection of villages”, each area with its own character and community. Put them all together, and you have London, an international capital.28. Which of the following descriptions about Square Mile is NOT true?A. It is the oldest part of London.B. It is the center of London.C. All financial business was once done there.D.300, 000 people live there.29. Tom, an American, wants to go shopping in London. He had better go to .A. the East EndB. the West EndC. the Port of LondonD. the Square Mile30. According to the passage, Harrods is . A. a department store B. a residential area C. a famous square D. a small village31. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. The East End is richer than other parts of London.B. There must be many ships in the East End.C. People living in the East End have good housing.D. Most Londoners are satisfied with their government.DMy husband David was waiting at the door when our daughter Laura and I pulled in the driveway. It wasn’t like him to be home so early. The disbelief on his face told me that something was up."Do you still have a job?""No. Redundant," he answered, looking away from me."OK. We’ll figure it out," I replied calmly.I actually had no idea how we were going to figure it out. I immediately started to think of how we’d cut costs and who we should start to get in touch with. That night, after David had fallen asleep, I cried myself to sleep, and frequently sobbed in the shower in the days that followed.I knew the loss of David’s income would have great effect on us. He had worked for the same insurance company for twenty-one years and was our main income. I work at home caring for Laura, and my freelance(自由职业者的)income is uncertain. We have debts, and job hunting takes time.Still, I was more concerned about my husband’s emotional state than our financial situation. David’s sense of identity was tied to his job. He called his parents to tell them about losi ng his job, but didn’t say a word to anyone else for weeks. He told me that he felt like "a failure".It was tough for me to watch David struggle with unemployment. One night a couple of weeks after he lost his job, David woke me just before midnight, sweating, pacing the bedroom floor and saying he felt funny. We spent the night in the emergency room waiting to see if he had a heart attack. Thankfully, it was just a serious anxiety attack. It was then that I knew I needed to do more to understand what my husband was going through. Here is what I learned from my own experience—and from talking to experts—on how to support your spouse through a job loss.32.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word "Redundant" in Paragraph 3?A. A piece of cake.B. Out of question.C. My treat.D. Out of employment.33．What did the writer do about her husband’s situation at first?A. She always remained calm and gave him advice.B. She appeared calm when in fact she was worried.C. She began to write about her husband’s situation to the newspapers.D. She went to consult some doctors.34．What can we know about David?A. He was fired by the company he had worked for twenty-one years.B. He never thought himself "a failure" even when jobless.C. He was aware of the family’s financial situation.D. Upon leaving the job, he suffered a heart attack and had to consult the doctor.35．What will be talked about in the next part of the passage?A. What the writer did to help get some income.B. How David suffered from the heart attack and the treatment.C. How the writer supported David to get through the jobless period.D. Why the insurance company fired David.第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

山西省吕梁市方山县第二中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1. It was very_____ of you not to talk aloud while the baby was asleep.A. concernedB. carelessC. considerateD. considerable参考答案：C2. —Your job is well done. Have you ____ for it? —Yes, I remember ____￥500.A. paid; being paidB. been paid; to payC. been paid; being paidD. paid; to pay参考答案：C3.--How was your dinner date, dear?--Very nice. __________A. Much more than I could have imaginedB.I can’t wait to have it agai nC. Could have helped myself to some moreD. If they had served better参考答案：A4. He always _______other’s help ______. His colleagues don’t want to cooperate with him.A. considers; seriouslyB. respects; thankfullyC. takes; for grantedD. takes; into account 参考答案：C考查动词短语。

take...for granted “想当然的认为......”,句意：他总是想当然地认为别人该帮助他，所以同事不想和他合作，故选C。

5. The 2012 Olympics ________ in London is expected to attract millions of visitors from home and abroad.A. to holdB. to be heldC. heldD. to be holding参考答案：B略6. This disease is specific________ this area.It hasn’t been found in other areas.A．for B．to C．about D．over参考答案：B7. life in the oceans ____ from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.A. arrangesB. rangesC. decreasesD. increases参考答案：B8. It was in this house ________ he heard some strange sounds.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. which参考答案：A9. Since I know ______ , I understand why they needed so much money.A. what a hard life they ledB. they led what a hard lifeC. what they led a hard lifeD. how hard a life did they lead参考答案：A略10. It is spring now. The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smeltB11. People have planted a great many trees in order to wind and sand in the desert.A. hold downB. hold upC. hold outD. hold back参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语搭配。

吕梁育星中学2017--2018学年第二学期期末考试题高二英语命题人：刘小芳总分：150分第一部分阅读理解第一节（共15个小题，每小题3分，满分45分）ATeaching Assistant-Primary-GraduateRecruiter: ACADEMICSLocation: Kensington and ChelseaSalary: $ 60 per dayPosted: 31 Oct 2015Closes: 28 Nov 2015Industry: Schools, Primary teaching, Age 5-7, Teaching assistantHours: Full TimeAre you a recent graduate? Are you looking to become a teaching assistant? The role is working as a teaching assistant within Year 1. As this is a graduate position, extensive experience as a teaching assistant is not required. This position will start on 23rd November and applications are welcomed as soon as possible. At interview you will need to be able to demonstrate your understanding and commitment to a career working with young people. It is important that you are enthusiastic and have understood the requirements of working in the classroom.The working day will be from 8: 30 to 4: 30 in accordance with the academic calendar. Training will be provided weekly by the school and help you to perform to your best. This school was recently awarded “Outstanding" at its latest Ofsted report and is an excellent place to start your career in education. By working alongside the class teacher you will be able to develop your skills in the classroom The contract will last until July 2016. This placement will provide you with excellent preparation for a future career in education. Recent graduates have gone on to be successfully accepted onto PGCEs. Please apply with your CV or call James Rennie on 020 3031 4863.1. The primary school in Kensington and Chelsea is looking forA. teachersB. headmasters C teaching assistants D. Academic experts2. When can people see this advertisement?A. Before 31 Oct 2015B. After 28 Nov 2015C. Only on 23rd NovemberD. Between 31 Oct 2015 and 28 Nov 2015.3. Which of the following is an advantage for an applicant?A. He has graduated for several yearsB. He likes and knows about the job.C. He has a lot of experience in teaching.D. He has several part-time jobs to do4. What can a teaching assistant get from the job?A. The chance to improve himself.B. A salary of more than $ 60 per day.C. A contract that ensures a lifelong career.D. Weekly training about how to make a CVBWe talk about people being "colour -blind" but very few of us are. Even those who describe themselves as colour-blind are normally just colour lack. A strongly colour-blind person will still be able to tell 20different colours, compared to the 100 or so that normal-sighted people see.Pingelap, a tiny island in the Pacific, is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble. It is known as colour-blind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.Not being able to see in colour is bad enough. But one islander, Herrol, who's a fisherman, also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burnt-out image. "I find it difficult to go outside in the sun,” he says,because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work.But if being truly colour-blind is rare, why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world?Well, we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海啸 ). As few as 20 people survived, one of whom was the king. it's believed he had a genetic fault that causes colour-blindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.There is one advantage. Herrol can see well, really well, in the dark. So when it gets dark, Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish. They hang up flaming torches and the fish are attracted to the flames.“This type of fishing is fun”Herrol says, “especially if we catch plenty, so even though it’s hard work, we enjoy it ”5. What is Pingelap famous as?A .A tiny island B. A beautiful island C. A mentally troubled island D.A colour-blind Island6. What can we infer about Herrol?A. He may stay at home when it's sunny.B. He is interested in burnt-out imagesC. He likes taking photos very muchD. He doesn't live in Pingelap any more7. Why are about one-tenth of people in Pingelap seriously colour-blind?A. Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamisB. Because the king had an unlucky marriageC. Because the king's genetic fault played a roleD. Because the king madea serious mistake8. What would be the best title for the text?A. The island of colour-blindnessB. The disadvantage of HerrolC. The history of PingelapD. The advantage of colour-blindnessCIt was a cold night in Washington. D. C. and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me. He asked me for some money so he could get something to eat. I’d re ad the sign: "don't give money to beggars．” So I shook my head and kept marching.I wasn’t prepared for a reply, but he said, "I am really homeless and I am really hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat! "But I kept on marching.The incident bothered me for the rest of the week. I had money in my pocket and it wouldn't have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he had been lying. On a freezing cold night, I still assumed the worst of a fellow human being.Flying back to Anchorage, I couldn't help thinking of him. I tried to seek excuses for my failure to help by assuming government agencies, churches and charities were there to feed him. Besides, you're not supposed to give money to beggars.Somewhere over Seattle. I started to write my weekly garden column for the Anchorage Daily News. Out of the blue, I came up with an idea. Bean's Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feeds hundreds of hungry Alaskans every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in their gardens devoted to bean's Cafe?Before long my idea took off. People would fax me or call when they took something in. Those who only grew flowers donated them. Food for the spirit. And relief for my conscience.As more and more people started working with the "Plant a Row" concept, many companies gave free seeds to customers and displayed the logo, which also arose in national gardening publications. Row markers with the "Plant a Row” logo were distributed to gardeners to set apart their "Row for the Hungry”.It is unexpected that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener in America----and we're seventy million strong plants one row for the hungry, we can lower the number of neighbors who don't have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty about abandoning a hungry man I could have helped.9. Why did the author turn down the beggar's request?A. He was previously reminded not to do soB. He was eager to march back to the hotelC. He thought that it was beyond his duty.D. He was short of money at that moment10. What did the author do after the beggar’s incident?A. He felt guilty but couldn't help himB. He started a project to help the hungry.C. He ran a blue kitchen to supply the hungry with soup.D. He still supposed it was unwise to give money to beggars.11. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Plant a Row for the HungryB. Lend a Hand to BeggarsC .Never Hesitate to Help Others D. Plan a Gardening ProjectDDogs can be optimistic(乐观的) or pessimistic?If your dog destroys the furniture when you are away, it could be a pessimist, researchers have concluded. A study has found that some dogs are natural pessimists while others have sunnier nature.We know that people's emotional states affect their judgments and that happy people are more likely to judge an uncertain situation positively, "said Professor Mike Mendl, an author of the study and head of animal welfare and behavior at Bristol University.” What our study has shown is that this applies similarly to dogs.”To measure dogs' psychology, researchers trained dogs to recognize that bowls on one side of a room contained food, while bowls on the other side were empty. They then placed the bowls in “neutral” locations between the two sides.Just as happy people tend to see the positive in any situation optimistic dogsran toward the bowl, expecting to find food, while pessimistic dogs hesitated or ran more slowly.The study, published in Current Biology, which looked at 24 dogs at two UK animal centers, found that dogs' personality links with their behavior when separated from their owners.Optimistic dogs that saw the bowl as half-full were calmer when left alone, sure their owners would return, while pessimistic dogs were more likely to worry, bark and misbehave.About half of the 10 million dogs in the United Kingdom show “separation-related behavior" at some point, Mendl said. Instead of getting rid of anxious dogs or ignoring them, owners should recognize that their dogs may have emotional problems and seek treatment for them, he said.12. What makes a dog optimistic or pessimistic according to the passage?A. Its ownerB. Its living conditionC. Its nature D Its health condition13. Why does Mike Mendl compare people with dogs?A. To prove dogs' emotional states affect their judgmentB. To prove the close connection between dogs and humanC. To convince readers of the importance of positive attitude.D. To find the difference between people and dogs psychology14. Why pessimistic dogs bark and misbehave when they saw half-full bowls?A. They doubt if they would have a new enemyB. They knew optimistic dogs had eaten more foodC. They knew their owner would desert them soonD. They doubt if their owner would return and feed them15. What should owners do when their dogs show "separation-related behavior ?A. Buy the dog some delicious food at once.B. Find another dog to act as a companion for the one.C. Understand the dog’s psychology and search better ways.D. Send the dog to the vet and ask for some sleeping pills.第二节（共5个小题，每小题3分，满分15分）As a person who is graduating from high school very soon, I have some suggestions for students in high school or students who are soon going to be high school students.16 I am sure others can benefit from reading them and will not make similar mistakeslike me.17 Do not value first impression highly. Don’t dismiss a person or an ideatoo early just because you immediately get a bad impression. You will miss many opportunities because of that. Although something seems bad at the first impression,it does not mean it is bad all the time. Try to give everything a fair chance.Don't try to please everybody. There is no way you can please everybody or get everybody to agree with you. 18 It is a huge waste of time.Have respect for authority(权威).No matter how much you may dislike them, just remember that teachers and parents care about you and they are only doing their jobs.19 Don’t argue with them and just obey them.Realize a high school is no t the real world. The real world isn’t a closed environment. 20 What is rewarded in high school such as popularity and agreementis different from what is rewarded in the real world. If high school isn't workingout for you, you may find yourself better at handling the real world.A. Do not be too quick to judgeB. So just learn to say the word“No”a lotC. Listen to their advice and consider it carefully.D. Many of these are based on regrets that I haveE. Bad habits are hard to break and remain with you for a long timeF. Don't spend any effort trying to please others who will never like you.G. It is a free society where people accept responsibility for their actions.第二部分完形填空（共20个小题，每小题2分，满分40分）When I was about twelve, I was headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family.It waswinter, and on that 21 night, the wind was really blowing.As my mom and I 22 towards the restaurant from our car, a girl about my 23 and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any 24 change. Hearing their words,we are merciful. My mom 25 asked where they lived. They 26 to an old car in a parking lot across the street. The girl said there were six of them 27 in that car, whichwas the same size as my own bedroom.My mom said she had 28 to do, and after handing the people a few dollars,wesaid good-bye. Then, my mother sent me inside the 29 with my dad. But she didn't come.Later, I found out that she had gone home and practically 30 our cupboards into a fewbags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the 31 to the family.Iwasn't there when that part happened, but I can imagine the 32 it brought to their faces.A few days later, when I asked her 33 she helped those people. She told me thatwe were 34 and that her family wasn’t as lucky. I remember the 35 of that girl who hadasked us for 36 ----- how she was the same age as me, yet we looked so 37.I remember the scene that she headed back to a cold car 38 with 5 other people.I will39 forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessonsI ever 40 .Thank you mom, I love you.21. A. dark B bright C. quiet D. particular22. A headed B. rushed C. waited D. attacked23. A .height B. age C. appearance D. shape24, A. complete B. beautiful C. spare D. large25. A secretly B. impatient C. normally D. Immediately26. A. walk B. pointed C .followed D. planned27. A. living B. sleeping C. working D. playing28. A something B. nothing C. anything D. everything29. A. street B. meeting C. restaurant D. car30. A. filled B. placed C. decorated D. emptied31 .A. bags B. cupboards C. dollars D. dinners32. A surprise B. joy C. disappointment D. sadness33. A. who B. how C. why D. what34. A. rich B. fortunate C. generous D. talented35. A. face B. action C. feeing D. gesture36. A. food B. change C. direction D. cheque37. A .pitiful B. hopeful C. different D. difficult38. A .argued B. played C shared D. drove39. A .seldom B. never C. hardly D. usually40. A.learned B. taught C. ignored D. dropped第三部分语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）写作(满分25分)Dear friendsAs we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. It is important forus to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment, not only for ourselves but also for ourfuture generations.吕梁育星中学2017--2018年高二第二学期英语期末考试题高二英语试题答案第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1—5 C D B A D 6—10 A C A A B11—15 A C A D C 16—20 D A F C G第二部分：完形填空（共20个小题，每小题2分，共40分）21—25 D A B C D 26—30 B A A C D31—35 A B C B A 36—40 B C C B A第三部分：语法填空（共10个小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）41. a 42. easiest 43. freedom 44. will pay 45. truly46. standing 47. who/that 48. to believe 49. Either 50. yours第四部分：短文改错（共10处错误，每处1分，共10分）51.way前加the 52. much改为many 53. Unfortunate 改为Unfortunately 54. turn 改为 turned 55. on 改为 in 56. was去掉 57. car 改为 cars58. his 改为 our 59. but 改为 and 60. restart 改为 restarting第五部分：写作（满分25分）Dear friendsAs we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. It is important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment, not only for ourselves but also for our future generations.Low-carbon living saves more energy. Thus it is environmentally friendly. First, it is a good idea for us to go to school on foot or by bike as often as possible, which contributes to a cleaner environment. Second, remember to turn off the lights and other electrical appliances before leaving the room. Third, we’d better sort out the rubbish so as to recycle some, which surely benefits us a great deal. Fourth, saving paper also matters much.It’s time that we should live a low-carbon life and everyone’s effort counts. Undoubtedly, this way of life is more economical, healthier and happier.Thank you!The Students’ Union。

山西省吕梁市育星中学高二英语联考试题含解析一、选择题1. —Why are you looking at me in _____ surprised expression?─Don’t you think _____ question you asked is surprising?A. the; /B. a; theC. a;a D. the; a参考答案：B2. --Do you think Mr. Smith’s advice is of great help to you?--Well, it all depends._____, he gave me some chances to try.A. OtherwiseB. SomehowC. ThereforeD. Anyhow参考答案：D3. It was from only a few supplies ______ she had bought in the village ______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.A. where; thatB. that; thatC. that; whereD. that; which参考答案：B4. –I’d like to be on my own for a while. Do you mind?--________. Go ahead.A. Not in the leastB. No wayC. Yes, of courseD. I’m afraid so参考答案：A5. Jack is 40 and he feels his career as ________ actor is coming to ________ end.A. 不填；theB. the; anC. an; anD. an; 不填参考答案：C6. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, butseldom so lonely as now.A. have I leftB. I had feltC. I have feltD. had I felt参考答案：A7. Never before ____seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A. had sheB. she hadC. has sheD. she has参考答案：C8. Some suggested Tom to the US for further education.A. to be sentB. to sendC. besent D. should send参考答案：C9. Welcome, everyone! Maria, _____ tell us a little about the Venice Film Festival.A. doB. doesC. to doD. doing参考答案：A略10. It was not until World War II ___ two other scientists managed to use new chemical techniques to purify it.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. before参考答案：B11. With the development of science and ________，computers will play a more and more important part in our life.A．technology B．skill C．technique D．power参考答案：A12. Many parents complain that children the TV hopelessly.A. are becoming addicted toB. have become addicted toC. have become addicted withD. have addicted to参考答案：B13. ________ help the victims in the earthquake in Japan made us worried..A. Not known how toB. Unknown what to do toC. Our knowing not how toD. Our not knowing how to参考答案：D14. He is tired _____ watching football match. He likes playing basketball.A. ofB. fromC. inD. with参考答案：A15. College students want to find jobs ________ they can receive not only good pay but also a sense of satisfaction.A. thatB. in thatC. whereD. from it参考答案：C略二、新的题型16. Everyone knows that fish is good for health. ___11___ But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. ___12___This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.___13___ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. ___14___When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.___15___ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）.Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.A. Do not buy it.B. The easiest is to steam it.C. This is how you can do it.D. It just requires a little knowledge.E. The fish will go bad within hours.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.参考答案：11. G 12. D 13. F 14. A 15. B试题分析：本文属于说明文，鱼是健康的食物。

山西省吕梁育星中学2018-2019高二下学期期末考试英语试卷第一部分阅读理解（共20个小题，每小题3分，满分60分）第一节（共15个小题，每小题3分，满分45分）ATeaching Assistant-Primary-GraduateRecruiter: ACADEMICSLocation: Kensington and ChelseaSalary: $ 60 per dayPosted: 31 Oct 2015Closes: 28 Nov 2015Industry: Schools, Primary teaching, Age 5-7, Teaching assistantHours: Full TimeAre you a recent graduate? Are you looking to become a teaching assistant? The role is working as a teaching assistant within Year 1. As this is a graduate position, extensive experience as a teaching assistant is not required. This position will start on 23rd November and applications are welcomed as soon as possible. At interview you will need to be able to demonstrate your understanding and commitment to a career working with young people. It is important that you are enthusiastic and have understood the requirements of working in the classroom.The working day will be from 8: 30 to 4: 30 in accordance with the academic calendar. Training will be provided weekly by the school and help you to perform to your best. This school was recently awarded “Outstanding" at its latest Ofsted report and is an excellent place to start your career in education. By working alongside the class teacher you will be able to develop your skills in the classroomThe contract will last until July 2016. This placement will provide you with excellent preparation for a future career in education. Recent graduates have gone on to be successfully accepted onto PGCEs. Please apply with your CV or call James Rennie on 020 3031 4863.1. The primary school in Kensington and Chelsea is looking forA. teachersB. headmastersC teaching assistants D. Academic experts2. When can people see this advertisement?A. Before 31 Oct 2015B. After 28 Nov 2015C. Only on 23rd NovemberD. Between 31 Oct 2015 and 28 Nov 2015.3. Which of the following is an advantage for an applicant?A. He has graduated for several yearsB. He likes and knows about the job.C. He has a lot of experience in teaching.D. He has several part-time jobs to do4. What can a teaching assistant get from the job?A. The chance to improve himself.B. A salary of more than $ 60 per day.C. A contract that ensures a lifelong career.D. Weekly training about how to make a CVBWe talk about people being "colour -blind" but very few of us are. Even those who describe themselves as colour-blind are normally just colour lack. A strongly colour-blind person will still be able to tell 20different colours, compared to the 100 or so that normal-sighted people see.Pingelap, a tiny island in the Pacific, is a beautiful spot but one that has a genetic trouble. It is known as colour-blind Island because so many people who live on this remote island can only see in black and white.Not being able to see in colour is bad enough. But one islander, Herrol, who's a fisherman, also struggles in full sunlight because all he sees is a painful burnt-out image. "I find it difficult to go outside in the sun,” he says, because when it's sunny I cannot see to do my work.But if being truly colour-blind is rare, why is it that around 10% of the population of Pingelap live in a totally black and white world?Well, we know that in 1780 the population of Pingelap was all but wiped out by a tsunami(海啸). As few as 20 people survived, one of whom was the king. it's believed he had a genetic fault that causes colour-blindness and he passed this fault on to his many generations.There is one advantage. Herrol can see well, really well, in the dark. So when it gets dark, Herrol and his friends get in their boats and hunt flying fish. They hang up flaming torches and thefish are attracted to the flames. “This type of fishing is fun”Herrol says, “especially if we catch plenty, so even though it’s hard work, we enjoy it ”5. What is Pingelap famous as?A. A tiny islandB. A beautiful islandC. A mentally troubled islandD. A colour-blind Island6. What can we infer about Herrol?A. He may stay at home when it's sunny.B. He is interested in burnt-out imagesC. He likes taking photos very muchD. He doesn't live in Pingelap any more7. Why are about one-tenth of people in Pingelap seriously colour-blind?A. Because Pingelap often suffers from tsunamisB. Because the king had an unlucky marriageC. Because the king's genetic fault played a roleD. Because the king made a serious mistake8. What would be the best title for the text?A. The island of colour-blindnessB. The disadvantage of HerrolC. The history of PingelapD. The advantage of colour-blindnessCIt was a cold night in Washington. D. C. and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me. He asked me for some money so he could get something to eat. I’d read the sign: "don't give money to beggars．” So I shook my head and kept marching.I wasn’t prepared for a reply, but he said, "I am really homeless and I am really hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat! "But I kept on marching.The incident bothered me for the rest of the week. I had money in my pocket and it wouldn't have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he had been lying. On a freezing cold night, I still assumed the worst of a fellow human being.Flying back to Anchorage, I couldn't help thinking of him. I tried to seek excuses for my failure to help by assuming government agencies, churches and charities were there to feed him. Besides, you're not supposed to give money to beggars.Somewhere over Seattle. I started to write my weekly garden column for the AnchorageDaily News. Out of the blue, I came up with an idea. Bean's Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feeds hundreds of hungry Alaskans every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in their gardens devoted to bean's Cafe?Before long my idea took off. People would fax me or call when they took something in. Those who only grew flowers donated them. Food for the spirit. And relief for my conscience.As more and more people started working with the "Plant a Row" concept, many companies gave free seeds to customers and displayed the logo, which also arose in national gardening publications. Row markers with the "Plant a Row” logo were distributed to gardeners to set apart their "Row for the Hungry”.It is unexpected that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener in America----and we're seventy million strong plants one row for the hungry, we can lower the number of neighbors who don't have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty about abandoning a hungry man I could have helped.9. Why did the author turn down the beggar's request?A. He was previously reminded not to do soB. He was eager to march back to the hotelC. He thought that it was beyond his duty.D. He was short of money at that moment10. What did the author do after the beggar’s incident?A. He felt guilty but couldn't help himB. He started a project to help the hungry.C. He ran a blue kitchen to supply the hungry with soup.D. He still supposed it was unwise to give money to beggars.11. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Plant a Row for the HungryB. Lend a Hand to BeggarsC .Never Hesitate to Help Others D. Plan a Gardening ProjectDDogs can be optimistic(乐观的) or pessimistic?If your dog destroys the furniture when you are away, it could be a pessimist, researchers have concluded. A study has found that some dogs are natural pessimists while others have sunnier nature.We know that people's emotional states affect their judgments and that happy people are more likely to judge an uncertain situation positively, "said Professor Mike Mendl, an author of the study and head of animal welfare and behavior at Bristol University.” What our study has shown is that this applies similarly to dogs.”To measure dogs' psychology, researchers trained dogs to recognize that bowls on one side of a room contained food, while bowls on the other side were empty. They then placed the bowls in “neutral” locations between the two sides.Just as happy people tend to see the positive in any situation optimistic dogs ran toward the bowl, expecting to find food, while pessimistic dogs hesitated or ran more slowly.The study, published in Current Biology, which looked at 24 dogs at two UK animal centers, found that dogs' personality links with their behavior when separated from their owners.Optimistic dogs that saw the bowl as half-full were calmer when left alone, sure their owners would return, while pessimistic dogs were more likely to worry, bark and misbehave.About half of the 10 million dogs in the United Kingdom show “separation-related behavior" at some point, Mendl said. Instead of getting rid of anxious dogs or ignoring them, owners should recognize that their dogs may have emotional problems and seek treatment for them, he said.12. What makes a dog optimistic or pessimistic according to the passage?A. Its ownerB. Its living conditionC. Its nature D Its health condition13. Why does Mike Mendl compare people with dogs?A. To prove dogs' emotional states affect their judgmentB. To prove the close connection between dogs and humanC. To convince readers of the importance of positive attitude.D. To find the difference between people and dogs psychology14. Why pessimistic dogs bark and misbehave when they saw half-full bowls?A. They doubt if they would have a new enemyB. They knew optimistic dogs had eaten more foodC. They knew their owner would desert them soonD. They doubt if their owner would return and feed them15. What should owners do when their dogs show "separation-related behavior?A. Buy the dog some delicious food at once.B. Find another dog to act as a companion for the one.C. Understand the dog’s psychology and search better ways.D. Send the dog to the vet and ask for some sleeping pills.第二节（共5个小题，每小题3分，满分15分）As a person who is graduating from high school very soon, I have some suggestions for students in high school or students who are soon going to be high school students. 16 I am sure others can benefit from reading them and will not make similar mistakes like me.17 Do not value first impression highly. Don’t dismiss a person or an idea too early just because you immediately get a bad impression. You will miss many opportunities because of that. Although something seems bad at the first impression, it does not mean it is bad all the time. Try to give everything a fair chance.Don't try to please everybody. There is no way you can please everybody or get everybody to agree with you. 18 It is a huge waste of time.Have respect for authority(权威).No matter how much you may dislike them, just remember that teachers and parents care about you and they are only doing their jobs. 19 Don’t argue with them and just obey them.Realize a high school is not the real world. The real world isn’t a closed environment. 20 What is rewarded in high school such as popularity and agreement is different from what is rewarded in the real world. If high school isn't working out for you, you may find yourself better at handling the real world.A. Do not be too quick to judgeB. So just learn to say the word“No”a lotC. Listen to their advice and consider it carefully.D. Many of these are based on regrets that I haveE. Bad habits are hard to break and remain with you for a long timeF. Don't spend any effort trying to please others who will never like you.G. It is a free society where people accept responsibility for their actions.第二部分完形填空（共20个小题，每小题2分，满分40分）When I was about twelve, I was headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that 21 night, the wind was really blowing.As my mom and I 22 towards the restaurant from our car, a girl about my 23 and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any 24 change. Hearing their words, we are merciful. My mom 25 asked where they lived. They 26 to an old car in a parking lot across the street. The girl said there were six of them 27 in that car, which was the same size as my own bedroom. My mom said she had 28 to do, and after handing the people a few dollars, we said good-bye. Then, my mother sent me inside the 29 with my dad. But she didn't come.Later, I found out that she had gone home and practically 30 our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the 31 to the family. I wasn't there when that part happened, but I can imagine the 32 it brought to their faces.A few days later, when I asked her 33 she helped those people. She told me that we were34 and that her family wasn’t as lucky. I remember the 35 of that girl who had asked us for 36 ----- how she was the same age as me, yet we looked so 37.I remember the scene that she headed back to a cold car 38 with 5 other people. I will 39 forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I ever 40 .Thank you mom, I love you.21. A. dark B bright C. quiet D. particular22. A headed B. rushed C. waited D. attacked23. A .height B. age C. appearance D. shape24, A. complete B. beautiful C. spare D. large25. A secretly B. impatient C. normally D. Immediately26. A. walk B. pointed C .followed D. planned27. A. living B. sleeping C. working D. playing28. A something B. nothing C. anything D. everything29. A. street B. meeting C. restaurant D. car30. A. filled B. placed C. decorated D. emptied31 .A. bags B. cupboards C. dollars D. dinners32. A surprise B. joy C. disappointment D. sadness33. A. who B. how C. why D. what34. A. rich B. fortunate C. generous D. talented35. A. face B. action C. feeing D. gesture36. A. food B. change C. direction D. cheque37. A .pitiful B. hopeful C. different D. difficult38. A. argued B. played C shared D. drove39. A .seldom B. never C. hardly D. usually40. A.learned B. taught C. ignored D. dropped第三部分语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）As an old English saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” It is more than an old cliche (陈词滥调），but 41 good way to live your life.First, honesty is the 42 (easy) choice that we can make.When people get caught in lies, italways costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies.Second, honesty gives us much 43 (free ). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people 44 (pay) a price for their acts: on the contrary, when we are honest, we are 45 (true)free.If there were two people 46 (stand )before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person 47 is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely 48 (believe)? I'm sure most people would side with the honest person. 49 we live in the truth or we live in lies. The truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is 50 (you). What will you choose?第四部分短文改错（共有10处错误，每处1分，共10分）Last weekend, I went to visit my grandparents with Dad. On way back, we met somuch red lights that Dad shut down the engine to save gas. Unfortunate, when the lights turn green, Dad couldn’t start the car again. Stuck on the traffic, we didn't know what to do.Just then, a car stopped on the right side, and the driver was offered to help push ourcar to the roadside .We were so grateful. With his car preventing other car passing, he and I pushed his caraside as Dad controlled the wheel in the car.Dad thanked the driver but soon Dad's friends came to our rescue, restart our car with new batteries.第五部分写作(满分25分)假如你是校学生会主席，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。

学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题( 完卷时间：120分钟，满分：150分 )第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）( 在答题卡上将该项涂黑 )第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What food does the woman suggest?A. Sandwiches.B. Salads.C. Noodles.2. What will the man do first with the woman’s car?A. Fill up the tank.B. Wash the windows.C. Check the tire pressure.3. What is the man doing right now?A. Walking around.B. Watching TV.C. Eating snacks.4. Where is the conversation probably taking place?A. In an office.B. In a hospital.C. In a restaurant.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Different colors.B. A picture.C. Some flowers.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

2018年山西省吕梁市汾阳中学高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1. In Beijing Olympics, Michael Phelps swam into Olympic history, ________ the first athlete ________ the most gold medals ever.A. became; to winB. becoming; to winC. becoming; winningD. to become; to win参考答案：B略2. Do you think you will have the work ____ on time?A. finishedB. finishingC. to finishD. finish参考答案：A3. As a Chinese, I was proud of Zhang Yimou had done in the Opening Ceremony of theBeijing Olympic Games.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. which参考答案：A略4. made him determined to succeed in his new career?A. What it wasB. What was it thatC. Why was it whatD. How it was参考答案：B5. As _____ result of thousands of experiments, scientists finally got _____ breakthrough in computer science.A. a; aB. a; 不填C. the; 不填D. the; a参考答案：A6. Several teachers and students are working together to find ______ they hope will be the easiest way to solve this problem.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. as参考答案：C7. You _____ have watered the flowers, for it’s going to rain.A. needn’tB. shouldn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t参考答案：A略8. Bears ______ fat(脂肪) stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.A. pack upB. build upC. bring upD. take up参考答案：B9. The murderer was brought in ,with his hands behind his back.A being tiedB having tiedC to be tiedD tied参考答案：D略10. Everything _____ doing is worthy of _____ well.A. worthy; being doneB. worthy; doingC. worth; being doneD. worth; doing参考答案：C考查形容词词义辨析。

吕梁育星中学2018-2019学年第二学期第三次月考高二英语命题人段稳娟满分150分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ASPECIAL EVENTS THIS WEEKENDCaptain Good fellowDo your children enjoy interesting stories, funny games, and exciting dances? Captain Good fellow will be ready to teach all these things to children of all ages at the City Theatre on Saturday morning at 10:00, free.Walking Tour of the TownForget your worries on Saturday morning. Take a beautiful walk and learn about its history. Meet at the front entrance of City Hall at 9:30. Wear comfortable shoes!Films at the MuseumTwo European films will be shown Saturday afternoon at the Museum Theatre. See Broken Window at 1:30. The workers will be at 3:45. For further information, call 4987898.International PicnicAre you tired of eating the same food every day? Come to Central Park on Saturday and enjoy food from all over the world. Delicious and not expensive. Noon to 5:00 pm.Do You Want to Hear “The Zoo”“The Zoo”, a popular rock group from Australia, will give their first US concert tomorrow night at 8:00 at Rose Hall, City College.1. You can probably eat Chinese, Italian, and Arab food __________..A. at the front entrance of City HallB. at the gameC. at 5:00 pmD. at Central Park on Saturday2. You can see movies at __________.A. the City CollegeB. the Museum TheatreC. the City TheatreD. the Central Park3. Walking Tour of the Town will be taken __________.A. in the City HallB. outsideC. at the gateD. at the zoo4. “The Zoo” is __________.A. a park with lots of animals thereB. a US concertC. a music groupD. an interesting eventBSkateboarding has become one of several non - traditional activities that PE teachers around America are introducing to inspire kids to exercise regularly. Some PE classes feature in-line (滚轮) skating, yoga, and even rock climbing. Experts have called those types of activities “the new PE”.Such activities are part of a larger effort to help kids develop lifelong fitness habits and to keep them from becoming overweight. Now, 9 million U.S. children and teens are overweight. Obesity (肥胖) can lead to health problems such as diabetes and heart disease later in life.“Our children and youth are becoming unhealthy and obese,” says Lindsey Johnson. “Skateboarding is a great activity that keeps kids doing physical movement and gives them new skills and interest.”Some schools don’t allow skate boarding because they say it is dangerous. Cendali, however, argues that regular practice eliminates a great deal of the danger. “We teach students how to do it and how to do it safely,” he says.Some people say skateboarding teaches life lessons. “Skateb oarding teaches kids to believe that if they stick with something they will finally succeed,” says education expert Richard Sagor of Lewis & Clark College in Portland, Oregon.Skateboarding inspires kids not to give up in learning difficult skills. “It’s natural for kids to want to learn and get better at things,” adds Sagor. “When it comes to skateboarding, they’ll try a trick hundreds of times before they succeed.” That same effort could be made in schoolwork.Eric Klassen agrees that skateboarding requires kids to stop saying a task is too hard for them. “A baby will attempt to walk 600 to 900 times before he or she is successful,” says Klassen. “We tell students that they shouldn’t say ‘I can’t do it’ unless they’ve tried 600 to 900 times.”5. Skateboarding is introduced into American schools to ______.A. encourage students to compete bravely in competitionB. teach students how to deal with risksC. prevent students suffering from heart disease later in lifeD. help students form the habit of doing sports6. The underlined word “eliminates” in Paragraph 4 probably means “______”.A. reducesB. increasesC. addsD. brings7. What life lesson do kids learn from skateboarding?A. To succeed in life you have to learn skateboarding.B. You will su cceed in life if you don’t give up.C. Only after failing 600 to 900 times can you succeed.D. There is no hard work after learning skate-boarding well.8. What would be the best title for the passage?A. The dangerous PEB. Skills of skateboardingC. The new PED. The change of PECToday most Chinese teenagers are happy to be favored by two parents and four grandparents in their families. But have you ever thought about how to take care of four to twelve old people when you grow up and get married? This could be a problem formost Chinese youths as China is entering a new stage of an aging society.An aging society refers to one where 10 percent or more of its population is over 60. By the end of 2007, Chinese over 60 years old had made up 11.7 percent of the nation’s total population.“China is getting old before becoming rich,” said Cai Chuang, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The population increase that has powered Chinese growth for three decades will give way over the next ten years to a rapid aging of the society. This will lead to weaker economic growth, because of a lack of labor resources.As a result of the family planning policy, it is expected that the country’s total working population will decrease after 2015.China is not the only country getting old. More than 60 countries have become aging societies and one in three people in the European Union is a senior citizen.However, experts said that China doesn’t have a highly developed social security network to support the old. Social security is an insurance program protecting those in need, including the old, the disabled and others.9．An aging society is a society that .A．less than 10% of its population is over 60B．10% or more of its population is over 60C．there are four old people in a familyD．most of its population is over 6010．If China enters an aging society, _____.A．there will not be enough labor resourcesB．the family planning policy will be endedC．everyone needs to take care of four to twelve old peopleD．China will have a highly developed social security network11．What does Cai Chuang mean by saying “China is getting old before becoming rich.”?A．China will be an aging society, then be a developed country.B．China will be a rich country before being an aging society.C．An aging society will affect Chinese economy development.D．China will stop developing because of its aging problem.12．The passage mainly talks about .A．an aging society B．Chinese social problemC．family panning policy D．aging problem in ChinaDA little boy came up to his mother in the kitchen one evening while she was fixing supper, and handed her a piece of paper that he had been writing on. After mom dried her hands on apron, she read it, and this is what it said:For cutting the grass: $5.00For cleaning up my room this week: $1.00For going to the store for you: $0.50Baby-sitting my kid brother while you went shopping: $0.25Taking out the garbage: $1.00For getting a good report card: $5.00For cleaning up and raking the yard: $2.00Total owed: $14.75Well, his mother looked at him standing there, and the boy could see the memories flashing through her mind. She picked up the pen, turned over the paper he'd written on, and this is what she wrote:For the nine months I carried while you were growing inside me: No ChargeFor all the nights that I've sat up with you, doctored and prayed for you: No Charge For all the trying times, and all the tears that you've caused through the years: No ChargeFor the toys, food ,clothes, and even wiping your nose: No ChargeSon, when you add it up, the cost of my love is: No Charge.When the boy finished reading what his mother had written, there were big tears in his eyes, and he looked straight at his mother and said, "Mom, I sure do love you." And then he took the pen and in great big letters he wrote:" PAID IN FULL(全部付清)".13. When the mother wrote “No charge” on the paper, she really meant that_____.A. the boy needn’t pay the moneyB. the boy should pay the moneyC. what she has done for the boy is uncountableD. she didn’t know how much she should pay the boy14. Why did the boy cry?A. Because he couldn’t get money from his mother.B. Because he felt shameful to ask his mother for money.C. Because his mother beat him up.D. Because he also loved his mother.15. What’s the main idea of the text?A. Mother’s love for her children is invaluable.B. The boy shouldn’t have asked his mother for money.C. The boy’s mother should hav e given him money.D. The writer mainly told us a story that a boy asked his mother for money.第二节 (共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。