初中英语语法专项习题2.冠词

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初中英语语法专项复习上海求实教育内部资料冠词(art.)用在名词前,帮助说明其意义冠词分为不定冠词a/an和定冠词the,放在名词前、a/an用在单数可数名词前,a用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前)。

1.不定冠词(1)不定冠词的用法①泛指—类人或物。

eg.This is a pencil case. She’S a doctor.②指不具体的某个人或物。

eg.I met an old man On my way home.③用在序数词前,相当于another.eg.There’s a third boy near the shop.④表示“每—(个)”,相当于every.eg.They have music lessons twice a week.⑤固定搭配。

a lot Of,a lot,a little,a few,a glass Of,such a/an, have a word with,have a look,have a try,have a swim,a quarter,half an hour, three times a day,have a talk,give a talk,ten Y uan a kilo(2)不定冠词的位置①不定冠词—般放在所修饰的单数可数名词前。

eg,a bike,an egg②当名词被such,what,many修饰时,不定冠词放在这些词之后。

eg.It took me half an hour to finish my homework.He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.What a dangerous job it is!Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.③当名词前的形容词前有so,how,too等词时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后。

Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station.How nice a film this is!④当名词前面有形容词和quite,rather,very时,不定冠词放在quite,rather之后,very之前。

eg.It is quite a good book.That is rather a useful too1.This is a very interesting story2.定冠词的用法表示上文中所提到过的人或物。

eg:l have two children,a boy and a girl.The boy’s name is Mark.The girl’s name is Penny.(2)特指某(些)人或物。

eg:The girl in a red dress comes from America.(3)指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。

eg:My shoes are under the bed.(4)用在形容最高级和部分比较级前。

eg Tom is the taller of the two boys.(5)用在序数词前。

eg Monday is the second day of a week.(6)yo用在世界上独一无二的事物前(如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等)。

cg The moon moves round the earth.(7)用在某些形容词前,表示—类人或物。

The rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the deaf(聋人),the blind(盲人),the dead(死者),the wounded(伤员)(8)用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某—家人”或“某某夫妇”。

eg.The Greens are having dinner at home.(9)用在乐器前。

eg.play the piano/guitar/violin/drums.(10)用于逢“十”的复数数词前,指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。

eg. In the 1970s,a highway was built to linkup the city with my hometown.I think he is in the thirties.(11)用在某些专有名词和习惯用语中。

the United Nations,the Great Wall,the Summer Palace,the Palace Museum,in the end,in the day,in the middle Of,all the time,in the east,by the way,On the way tO,the(more)……the(more)…“越…越…”3.在有些词组中,用冠词和不用冠词意思有较大区别。

in hospital(在住院);in the hospital(在医院)in prison(在坐牢);in the prison(在监狱里)at table(吃饭,用餐);at the table(在桌旁)in front of(在某个范围之外的前面);in the front of(在某个范围之外的前面)go to college(上大学);go to the college(去那所大学)take place(发生);take the place(代替)定冠词用法小结口诀a.口诀1.有水无湖:海、洋、海湾、河等,都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the);the Red Sea,the Pacific Ocean,the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze RiverThe Great Lakes(五大湖);Lake Erie(伊利湖)2.有球无星:地球,月亮用the;行星不用the: Mars,Venus;3.有山无峰:The Huangshan Mountains(黄山);Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰);Mount(or Mt.) Tai(泰山).4.有独无欧(偶):独一无二的,the earth,the moon,the sun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe,Africa,Asia,North America,South America,Antarctica,Oceania5.有(足)族无球(运动):种族用the:the Indians(印第安人);球类运动baseball,basketball6.有文无章:历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用theThe Constitution(宪法); chapter one7.学而不专:学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;The University of Fudan; Fudan University零冠词精讲1. 专有名词前一般不加冠词China 中国Europe 欧洲Lei Feng 雷锋William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚2. 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份Sunday 星期日Christmas Day 圣诞节Thanksgiving 感恩节National Day 国庆节May Day 劳动节比较: ...on a Sunday morning.在一个星期天的早晨... (表示某一个。

)3. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。

Summer is the best season for swimming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。

比较:I had a big lunch yesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。

(表示某一个)The dinner given by Mr Smith was very nice. 史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。

(表示特指)比较:I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.3我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。

(表示特指)4. 进行球类运动play basketball 打篮球play volleyball 打排球play football 踢足球5. 没有特指的物质名词This cart is made of wood. 这辆手推车是用木头作的。

比较:The wood outside was all wet. 外面的那些木头都湿了。

(表示特指)6. 没有特指的不可数抽象名词Time is precious. 时间是宝贵的。

比较:The time of the play was 1990s. 这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。

(表示特指)7. 没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。

8. 山峰Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗玛峰9. 固定词组go to school 去上学go to bed 上床睡觉go by train 乘火车去go by boat 乘船去at table 在用餐in hospital 住院at school 求学in school 求学at noon 在中午at night 在晚上at midnight 在半夜in town 在城里10. 独立结构中的名词不加冠词A boy came in, book in hand. 一个男孩进来,手上拿着书。

11. 泛指人类Man is mortal. 人必有一死。

12. 在"kind of+名词sort of+名词"句式中What kind of flower is it? 这是什么花?I like this sort of book. 我喜欢这种书。

13. 指职位、头衔的词,如king,captain,president,chairman 等。

He is (the) captain of the team. 他是球队的队长。

As (the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open. 作为委员会主席,我宣布会议开始。

3.不用冠词的情况(1)名词前有指示代词this,that,these,those时不用冠词。

eg.That girl is my friend.(2)名词前有物主代词my,your,his her,their等时不用冠词。

eg.Lucy is her sister.(3)名词前有whose,which,SO[1ie,any,each,every等代词时不用冠词。