启航教育--2012年考研英语(一)大纲解析：写作高分秘诀

主持人：各位网友，大家好！2012年的考研大纲在我们考生的期盼中已经出版了。

我们今天很荣幸请到了英语老师惠新华老师来到我们的直播间。

欢迎惠老师。

惠新华：各位网友大家好！主持人：惠老师在拿到英语大纲之后，也进行了一下分析，您觉得今年考研的英语大纲跟去年相比有什么变化吗？惠新华：基本上和去年没有实质性的变化，在考试要求上仍然分为两部分进行考核。

另外，在考试形式内容与结构上没有发生变化，仍然是按照以前的三个部分对大家进行考核。

大纲对于语法知识来讲，仍然是没有什么具体的清单，这有要求有一个比较清晰的语法的掌握，自觉在考试中加以应用。

在词汇方面，大纲仍然列出了会考的词汇，但是大家可以看到，大纲上列到的词汇一定要好好利用，因为没有给汉语词性，这就意味着这个单词所有的词性都要复习。

另外，大家还要非常注意，大纲后面还给出了常用的词根词缀，比如常考的词汇，还有在大纲的最后一部分给出了国家、国籍表，这个表上的单词都是要求掌握的。

大家利用这个大纲的时候，可以把词汇部分作为检测来应用，因为这个词汇没有单词的意思，我们可以从头到尾看，如果掌握了就不用管它了，如果没有掌握好，这说明复习词汇的时候是一个漏洞，要重点进行复习。

大家在复习的时候，最重要的还是词汇的基本意。

这个消息对大家基本上是一个比较利好的，命题思路比较稳定的话就说明大家复习的思路也不会有太大变化。

主持人：难度跟去年相比有什么变化？惠新华：2012年考试难度，基本上会和2010年持平的状态，因为2010年的题目要比2011年稍微难一些，在2012年的基础上可能会稍微有所调整，但基本上是一个比较稳定的状态。

主持人：对考生来说，这是一个好消息。

您对考生的复习有什么建议吗？惠新华：对于考生的复习来说，大家复习可以分为这样几个方面：首先，从试卷的部分来看，阅读理解占的分值是最大的，如果再加上写作是30分，基本上把这两部分掌握好了，大家就没有什么太大问题了。

重点要先抓传统阅读40分，抓写作30分，这样70分，基本上70分掌握的特别好，可以说翻译和题型也不是特别重要了。

小作文复习指导考研英语小作文考察的多是辞职信、感谢信、道歉信等20多种类型的应用文文体，着重考察考生的逻辑思维能力和语言应用能力。

万学海文提示2012年的广大考生小作文具有如下特点:重格式，不轻内容;轻思想，重交际;字数少，易得分;重套路，难发挥。

2012年的考生应着重依照这四个特点来进行复习。

背格式：小作文重格式的特点要求考生们在格式上不能犯错，必须注意熟悉一些应用文的格式和英文中应用文的表达习惯。

万学海文提示考生：格式无误是小作文得高分的第一步。

举2011年小作文题目为例：Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and2) give reasons for your recommendation.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10points)参考范文：( 万学海文：《2012考研英语历年真题权威解析》)Dear Tom,I am writing, without hesitation, to share one of my favorite movies, Forest Gump, with you, which is not only conducive to your study, but also beneficial to your life.For one thing, the beautiful language in this original English movie may contribute to your study of English in listening, speaking, reading and writing. For another thing, the profound cultural elements implicit in the scene will equip you with foreign cultural background and, above all, enrich your daily life.Would you like to see this movie after my recommendation? Remember to tell me your opinion about the movie.I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Ming一、称呼格式1.用于对陌生的组织或团体负责人的称谓：Dear Madam or Dear Sir2.用于对认识但是关系很正式的个人、组织或团体负责人的称谓：Dear Ms.... or Dear Mr. ...3.用于对关系亲密的人的称谓：Dear Tom/Lucy (or any other name)二、正文格式缩进式: 段落之间无空行，每段开头空四个字母。

文都2012考研英语一真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently.The court cannot_1_its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law_2_ justices behave like politicians.Yet,in several instances,justices acted in ways that_3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia,for example,appeared at political events.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be_4_as impartial judgments.Part of the problem is that the justices are not_5_by an ethics code.At the very least,the court should make itself_6_to the code of conduct that_7_to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases_8_the question of whether there is still a_9_between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law_10_having authority apart from politics.They gave justices permanent positions_11_they would be free to_12_those in power and have no need to_13_political support.Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely_14_.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social_15_like liberty and property.When the court deals with social policy decisions,the law it_16_is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily_17_as unjust.The justices must_18_doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves_19_to the code of conduct.That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,_20_,convincing as law.1.[A]emphasize[B]maintain[C]modify[D]recognize2.[A]when[B]lest[C]before[D]unless3.[A]restored[B]weakened[C]established[D]eliminated4.[A]challenged[B]compromised[C]suspected[D]accepted5.[A]advanced[B]caught[C]bound[D]founded6.[A]resistant[B]subject[C]immune[D]prone7.[A]resorts[B]sticks[C]loads[D]applies8.[A]evade[B]raise[C]deny[D]settle9.[A]line[B]barrier[C]similarity[D]conflict10.[A]by[B]as[C]though[D]towards11.[A]so[B]since[C]provided[D]though12.[A]serve[B]satisfy[C]upset[D]replace13.[A]confirm[B]express[C]cultivate[D]offer14.[A]guarded[B]followed[C]studied[D]tied15.[A]concepts[B]theories[C]divisions[D]conceptions16.[A]excludes[B]questions[C]shapes[D]controls17.[A]dismissed[B]released[C]ranked[D]distorted18.[A]suppress[B]exploit[C]address[D]ignore19.[A]accessible[B]amiable[C]agreeable[D]accountable20.[A]by all mesns[B]atall costs[C]in a word[D]as a resultSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1Come on–Everybody’s doing it.That whispered message,half invitation and half forcing,is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.But in her new book Join the Club,TinaRosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure,in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg,the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,offers a host of example of the social cure in action:In South Carolina,a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.In South Africa,an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on:they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits,and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.”Dare to be different,please don’t smoke!”pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers,who desire nothing more than fitting in.Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers,so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure,Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long.Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut.Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior.An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negativeones-spread through networks of friends via social communication.This is a subtle form of peer pressure:we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain,however,is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions.It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works.And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside:in the real world,as in school,we insist on choosing our own friends.21.According to the first paragraph,peer pressure often emerges as[A]a supplement to the social cure[B]a stimulus to group dynamics[C]an obstacle to school progress[D]a cause of undesirable behaviors22.Rosenberg holds that public advocates should[A]recruit professional advertisers[B]learn from advertisers’experience[C]stay away from commercial advertisers[D]recognize the limitations of advertisements23.In the author’s view,Rosenberg’s book fails to[A]adequately probe social and biological factors[B]effectively evade the flaws of the social cure[C]illustrate the functions of state funding[D]produce a long-lasting social effect24.Paragraph5shows that our imitation of behaviors[A]is harmful to our networks of friends[B]will mislead behavioral studies[C]occurs without our realizing it[D]can produce negative health habits25.The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is[A]harmful[B]desirable[C]profound[D]questionableText2A deal is a deal-except,apparently,when Entergy is involved.The company,a major energy supplier in New England,provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when itannounced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.Instead,the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court,as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.It’s a stunning move.The conflict has been surfacing since2002,when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant,an aging reactor in Vernon.As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale,the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past2012.In2006,the state went a step further,requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval.Then,too,the company went along.Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments,or it simply didn’t foresee what would happen next.A string of accidents,including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in207and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage,raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee’s safety and Entergy’s management–especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe.Enraged by Entergy’s behavior,the Vermont Senate voted26to4last year against allowing an extension.Now the company is suddenly claiming that the2002agreement is invalid because of the2006legislation,and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.The legal issues in the case are obscure:whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power,legal scholars saythat Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend. Certainly,there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules.But had Entergy kept its word,that debate would be beside the point.The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has noting left to lose by going to war with the state.But there should be consequences.Permission to run a nuclear plant is a poblic trust.Entergy runs11other reactors in the United States,including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth.Pledging to run Pilgrim safely,the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another20years.But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC)reviews the company’s application,it should keep it mind what promises from Entergy are worth.26.The phrase“reneging on”(Line3.para.1)is closest in meaning to[A]condemning.[B]reaffirming.[C]dishonoring.[D]securing.27.By entering into the2002agreement,Entergy intended to[A]obtain protection from Vermont regulators.[B]seek favor from the federal legislature.[C]acquire an extension of its business license.[D]get permission to purchase a power plant.28.According to Paragraph4,Entergy seems to have problems with its[A]managerial practices.[B]technical innovativeness.[C]financial goals.[D]business vision29.In the author’s view,the Vermont case will test[A]Entergy’s capacity to fulfill all its promises.[B]the mature of states’patchwork regulations.[C]the federal authority over nuclear issues.[D]the limits of states’power over nuclear issues.30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]Entergy’s business elsewhere might be affected.[B]the authority of the NRC will be defied.[C]Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth application.[D]Vermont’s reputation might be damaged.Text3In the idealized version of how science is done,facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.But in the everyday practice of science,discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.We aim to be objective,but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experience.Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience,what we think our experiences mean,and the subsequent actions we take. Opportunities for misinterpretation,error,and self-deception abound.Consequently,discovery claims should be thought of as protoscience.Similar to newly staked mining claims,they are full of potential.But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.This is the credibility process,through which the individual researcher’s me,here,now becomes the community’s anyone,anywhere,anytime.Objective knowledge is the goal,not the starting point.Once a discovery claim becomes public,the discoverer receives intellectual credit. But,unlike with mining claims,the community takes control of what happens next.Within the complex social structure of the scientific community,researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process;other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes;and finally,the public(including other scientists)receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.As a discovery claim works it through the community,the interaction and confrontation between shared and competing beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible discovery.Two paradoxes exist throughout this credibility process.First,scientific work tends to focus on some aspect of prevailing Knowledge that is viewed as incomplete or incorrect. Little reward accompanies duplication and confirmation of what is already known and believed.The goal is new-search,not re-search.Not surprisingly,newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers. Second,novelty itself frequently provokes disbelief.Nobel Laureate and physiologist Albert Azent-Gyorgyi once described discovery as“seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.”But thinking what nobody else has thought and telling others what they have missed may not change their views.Sometimes years are required for truly novel discovery claims to be accepted and appreciated.In the end,credibility“happens”to a discovery claim–a process that corresponds to what philosopher Annette Baier has described as the commons of the mind.“We reason together,challenge,revise,and complete each other’s reasoning and each other’s conceptions of reason.”31.According to the first paragraph,the process of discovery is characterized by its[A]uncertainty and complexity.[B]misconception and deceptiveness.[C]logicality and objectivity.[D]systematicness and regularity.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph2that credibility process requires[A]strict inspection.[B]shared efforts.[C]individual wisdom.[D]persistent innovation.33.Paragraph3shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it[A]has attracted the attention of the general public.[B]has been examined by the scientific community.[C]has received recognition from editors and reviewers.[D]has been frequently quoted by peer scientists.34.Albert Szent-Györgyi would most likely agree that[A]scientific claims will survive challenges.[B]discoveries today inspire future research.[C]efforts to make discoveries are justified.[D]scientific work calls for a critical mind.35.Which of the following would be the best title of the test?[A]Novelty as an Engine of Scientific Development.[B]Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.[C]Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science.[D]Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.Text4If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in1960,only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now36%do.In2009the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about15%of private-sector ones are unionized.There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’thriving.First,they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.Second,they are mostly bright and well-educated.A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree.Third,they now dominate left-of-centre politics.Some of their ties go back a long way.Britain’s Labor Party,as its name implies,has long been associated with trade unionism.Its current leader,Ed Miliband,owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolledby unions.The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools,the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one.But the real gains come in benefits and work practices.Politicians haverepeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals,keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.Reform has been vigorously opposed,perhaps most egregiously in education,where charter schools,academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.As the cost to everyone else has become clearer,politicians have begun to clamp down.In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor.But many within the public sector suffer under the current system,too.John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.The only American public-sector workers who earn well above$250,000a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States.Bankers’fat pay packets have attracted much criticism,but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.36.It can be learned from the first paragraph that[A]Teamsters still have a large body of members.[B]Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.[C]unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.[D]the government has improved its relationship with unionists.37.Which of the following is true of Paragraph2?[A]Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions.[B]Education is required for public-sector union membership.[C]Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unions.[D]Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions.38.It can be learned from Paragraph4that the income in the state sector is[A]illegally secured.[B]indirectly augmented.[C]excessively increased.[D]fairly adjusted.39.The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions[A]often run against the current political system.[B]can change people’s political attitudes.[C]may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.[D]are dominant in the government.40.John Donahue’s attitude towards the public-sector system is one of[A]disapproval.[B]appreciation.[C]tolerance.[D]indifference.Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and realise that you are flying,higher than a bird.Now think of your laptop,thinner than a brown-paper envelope,or your cellphone in the palm of your hand.Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels.You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true.The second half of the20th century saw a collection of geniuses,warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press,studio and theatre,paintbrush and gallery,piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier.(41)The networked computer is an amazing device,the first media machine that serves as the mode of production,means of distribution,site of reception,and place of praise and critique.The computer is the21st century's culture machine.But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer,we must also tread with caution.(42)I call it a secret war for two reasons.First,most people do not realise that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode. Second,the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing.All animals download,but only a few upload.Beavers build dams and birds make nests.Yet for the most part,the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods-paintings,sculpture and architecture-and superfluous experiences-music,literature,religion and philosophy.(43)For all the possibilities of our new culture machines,most people are still stuck in download mode.Even after the advent of widespread social media,a pyramid of production remains,with a small number of people uploading material,a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content,and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume.(44)Television is a one-way tap flowing into our homes.The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on.(45)What counts as meaningful uploading?My definition revolves around the concept of "stickiness"-creations and experiences to which others adhere.[A]Of course,it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human.Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills,but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.[B]Applications like ,which allow users to combine pictures,words and other media in creative ways and then share them,have the potential to add stickiness by amusing,entertaining and enlightening others.[C]Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.[D]This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading-between passive consumption and active creation-whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.[E]The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replaced by another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players.[F]One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century,much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium-television-and television is defined by downloading.[G]The networked computer offers the first chance in50years to reverse the flow,to encourage thoughtful downloading and,even more importantly,meaningful uploading. Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points) Since the days of Aristotle,a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise.In some ways,this quest for commonalities defines science. Newton’s laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory frame work.(46)In physics,one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme,and seeks a theory of everything—a single generative equation for all we see.It is becoming less clear,however,that such a theory would be a simplification,given the dimensions and universes that it might entail,nonetheless,unification of sorts remains a major goal.This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too.(47)Here,Darwinism seems to offer justification for it all humans share common origins it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings.Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals mightall be considered forms of sexual selection,perhaps the world’s languages,music,social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features.(48)To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behavior arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.That,at least,is the hope.But a comparative study of linguistic traits published online today supplies a reality check.Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in language.The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky,who suggested that humans are born with an innate language—acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar.A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language,which is why children can learn it so quickly.(49)The second,by Joshua Greenberg,takes a more empirical approach to universality identifying traits(particularly in word order)shared by many language which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than2,000languages.(50)Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it.Whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis,suggesting that the structures of the languages are lire age-specific and not governed by universalsSection III WritingPart A51.Directions:Some internationals students are coming to your university.Write them an email in the name of the Students’Union to1)extend your welcome and2)provide some suggestions for their campus life here.You should write about100words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address(10points)Part B52.Directions:write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay you should1)describe the drawing briefly2)explain its intended meaning,and3)give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)文都2012考研英语(一)试题参考答案完整版。

2012考研英语之写作--备考要注意三点写作能力的高低是一个人英语综合水平的体现，大多数同学都是从下半年复习甚至是考试前3个月才开始复习。

复习的教材无一例外的是一些所谓的“万能作文”，按书上宣扬的那种快速征服考研作文的所谓技法，背一二十篇作文模式，背一二十篇范文，还希望老师能押一下作文出题范围，然后就上战场了。

如此年复一年，形成了“考研英语无法以复习攻克”的共识，把所有期望寄托于临场的超常发挥。

其实要想真正提高写作水平，建议考生从现在就要注重日常积累，不要考前临时抱佛脚。

在平常的复习中，同学们一定要动手写，这里尤其要提醒那些英语基本功比较差的同学，如有些同学甚至连语法中的句子结构都弄不清楚的这一类选手，一定要尽量多写一些，因为即使懂得了所有英语作文应试技巧，比如结构上、语言的连贯等都注意的很好了，但是作文还得一句一句地写，如果本身基础就不好的，写一句简单的话都有几个错误，如果不多练习一下，那么就不能指望考试中能写出多么完美而高分的句子。

考研作文的选题多接近生活，多为生活中的一些热门话题，而且问题多为说明文和议论文。

因此，平时多做练习时多多注意这几种题材和文体。

下面我们来讲讲练习写作的过程中注意的几个问题以及解决的方法。

一、勇于挑战长难句，技术欠佳拖后腿很多同学在进行写作练习时，都会不由自主地想挑战一下自己的长难句水平，借以宣泄在阅读理解模块中遭遇长难句时产生的那无处安放的悲愤情绪。

其实这是最容易出问题的一个环节。

神秘莫测的长难句，因其语法的高技术含量和句型的气势磅礴使同学们在进行模仿时常常只能抓住大概形体，而无法掌握其精髓，最后只能看着那“四不像”的成果尴尬不已。

错写长难句的主要表现也因同学们天马行空的想象和敢想敢做的闯劲产生了那么几种丰富多彩的类型，包括：从句引导词的缺失或错用（主干句后紧跟另一华丽的动词原形），句子必要成分的不完整和随意嵌套（漏掉或错接衔接成分，句子逻辑表达不通顺），对短语了解不透彻，用错场合（使用短语的同义转换时没有考虑到句型的具体情况和相应的格式变换），语境体会不透彻，常用搭配混淆（动词不定式和动名词在句中表述状态的不同），句子成分过多，表述意图模糊混乱（千言万语想要汇成一句话，然后便汇成了一段乱码）。

2012年的考研一点点临近，离考试只剩下两天的时间了。

对于考生来说如何利用最后的几天时间快速提高成绩是考生的当务之急。

英语老师指导大家写大作文的三个步骤，希望大家取得好成绩。

第一步：描述图画 其实很多同学都了解，我们的考研英语写作为什么提到三方面，去浏览大纲的话，你发现它在确定我们考研英语写作的时候，明确指出：要求同学们在自己的作文 当中，也就是200来字的大作文当中要非常真切地、确切地写出我们对整个考研英语写作技巧的要求。

考研英语写作的“逻辑三段论”当中，你可以在第一个自然 段，把你所看到真真切切的现象写出来，我们都知道什么叫“现象”，现象是我们看到的，在我们身边发生的事情，在我们试卷当中一个图画里所表达的东西，同学 们也看到了一个新的东西，当你写出现象的时候，实际说的直白一点，你就已经会了英文写作的描写手法了。

我们今天要考研，可能你第一个自然段一定是描写出来 的，而且这种描写一定要客观。

第二步：深挖本质 如果我们只把现象说出来，那不是考研的要求，因为考研的第二步要求的是什么？通过现象看你内在的本质，内在的本质又是什么东西？其实就是画外音。

有的同 学问我，丁老师，明年的考题会不会有画外音。

如果你仔细想一想，远了不说，就从2001年到现在已经八年了，这八年的大作文考试当中，只有07年的大作文 当中看到没有画外音，其他七年的考试都是有画外音的。

比如我们考了，“爱心是一盏灯，越黑暗的地方越明亮”；我们也考了文化，国内文化和国际文化之间的关 系；甚至我们都知道“养老足球赛”，这是跟和谐社会相背道的现象；同时我们也看到了，对贝克汉姆的盲目崇拜是不可为的，所以这些东西对同学们来讲，都是一 种现象，随后给了你一个画外音。

这时候同学看到，拿08年大作文来说，“你一条腿、我一条腿，你我一起走南闯北”，我们都知道，“你我一起”就在向我们传 递着一种理念。

当你第一自然段描写完看到的图画之后，第二自然段最重要的就是让同学们把这个现象下面的本质告诉我们。

How computers can cure cultural diabetes Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aero-plane window and realize that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown-paper envelope, or your cell-phone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true。

The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labor to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. 41. Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day。

2012年考研英语大作文篇一：2012年考研英语一大作文In the picture above, there are two men watching a fallen bottle, the water in which has almost all spilled out. Cupping his head, one of them says in distress that it is over while the other reaches out for the bottle feeling lucky that some water still remains in it. What a thought provoking sight it is !In common with these two men, people vary in sentiments towards same issues, which gives rise to different feelings. Facing problems, some people tend to look at the bad aspects and be unhappy, whereas others choose to lay their eyes on bight sides rather than the ones that bring only sorrow. It is beyond doubt that these pessimists live a life of better quality. What good would it bring when one choose to adopt a passive attitude instead of a active one to what is done ? In my humble opinion, it is highly advisable for people to take things optimistically since it is no use feeling down about what is done. After all, what life is all about is happiness not bitterness.篇二：2012考研英语万能大作文模板大作文：（1）正面（正确、积极的）：01、02、03、08、10反面（不正确的做法、消极）：04、05、06、07、09、11 （2）一幅图还是两幅图（04、06）（3）作文有无规定题目（仅02）（4）1st：描述图画，2nd:解释图画要表达的含义，3rd：严重性及采取的举措。

2012年全国硕士研究生考试英语(一)作文试题及范文Directions:Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students' Union to1) extend your welcome and2) provide some suggestions for their campus life here.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, Use "Li Ming"instead.Do not write the address.(10 points).小作文范文Dear my friends,I am writing this letter to welcome you to our university. I expect you to arrive here with increasing joy as well as excitement. It is of great pleasure to anticipate your coming soon.As foreign students, you will find everything on our campus quite different, fresh and alien. Therefore, after arriving, you can take full advantage of every opportunity to communicate with us directly to bridge the gap. To be more specific, the climate in Beijing is considerably different from your hometown, but you will soon get accustomed to living here. Finally, I hope to accompany you and introduce some special or unique campus characteristics and cultures to you so as to let you better understand our college life.We shall strive to make your visit as pleasant as possible by providing the best service as well as support for you. All of our students are looking forward to your early coming eagerly.Students’ Union52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay,you shoulddescribe the drawing briefly.explain its intended meaning,andfive you comments,You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20 points)参考范文：As is apparently drawn in this miniature, in the middle stand two individuals, one feeling gloomy while the other optimistic. The Chinese characters above inform our readers of the message that various folks take different attitudes toward the same event. How impressive this drawing seems to be in depicting one of the most prevalent themes that attitudes make everything in our life.After careful reflection and mediation, we examinees come to understand the enlightening drawing. I contend that this thought-provoking image conveys one profound layer of implication concerning attitude or optimism. It is universally acknowledged that life is by no means perfect and whether we feel optimistic or not depends on what attitudes we take.When confronted with an adverse situation, some youths feel in low spirits and fall into depression. Others, on the contrary, look at the positive side of the situation and remain cheerful. As a consequence, it is our attitude rather than the situation itself that determines how we feel.In my personal sense, the message applies to our youths especially. In such a rat-race society, everyone is bound to encounter hardships and difficulties. In this sense, I should keep an optimistic attitude to pull through any hardship. Just as a famous figure puts it, it is our attitude that has changed everything in our life.。

2012考研英语(一)写作真题解析与参考范文2012考研英语（一）写作真题解析与参考范文1、小作文：Directions: Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students' Union to1) extend your welcome and2) provide some suggestions for their campus life here.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address.(10 points).命题解析：在2011年所有的面授及讲座中，笔者均预测2012年英语（一）小作文70%的可能性是考察书信。

不出所料，今年再次考察了从2005年至2011年已经连续考察过六次的书信。

值得高度关注的是，今年再次考察了考研已经考察过四次的建议信：2007年给图书馆提建议、2008年给房东道歉加建议、2009年给编辑提建议、2011年英语（二）祝贺表弟入学并提建议。

尤其与2011年英语（二）的建议信颇为相似，均为关于大学生活提出建议。

再次提醒广大考生：反押题的逆向出题方式才是考研的命题方式！切勿以为考过的题型不会重考，真题才是最宝贵的复习资源！2011年笔者讲授的北京新东方学校各类考研写作课程均提供了小作文10大必背范文，其中均有1-3篇建议信，尤其是提供的招新启事前两段今年小作文均可使用。

拙著《2012考研英语高分写作》第63至64页详细讲解了建议信的注意事项、写作方法，并提供了经典范文与万能句型；第二章第五节详细解析了2007至2009年三年的建议信真题，各提供了两篇经典范文、参考译文与范文详解。

2012年考研英语作文模板精析第一点:考试情况分析篇分析一:觉得自己没什么思路时间又不够时,虽然构思内容不够丰富精彩,思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!。

至少会得平均分,不要着急。

分析二:在你觉得文章有内容可写,自己观点清晰、分析深刻时,可以尝试写得高分的作文。

所以一定要强调构思,这和英语没关系,是思路的问题。

但却非常重要。

这时套话一定不能作为文章主体。

套话要用,但不可多用,并不是看你“因为、所以、例如”这些句子用的有多复杂。

但写文章主体时,句式要富于变化!不然文章没有亮点。

第二点:文章模版篇第一部分、开头:一、结构: 开头图面描述+小的概括,点明图画的意义,揭示的问题。

在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短例如As is indicated in the picture, an adolescent is telling his grandfather a good news - he can go to a state-class university with his University Admission Report, while his grandpa has also received his own Admission Report of the university for the elder.(长句) How exciting and encouraging it is!(短句)二、套话:1、开头图面描述:As is indicated in the picture, an adolescent is telling例如As is indicated in the picture, an adolescent is telling his grandfather a good news –2、小的概括:An overwhelming/ A noticeable trend /situation is illustrated in an explicit(直接的)/ implicit暗示的 manner:例如A noticeable situation is illustrated in an explicit manner: Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. {Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁)} 第二部分 (主要是原因、举例和措施的写法)一、原因部分:(一)最佳方案:用3、4句话排比,层层深入点明主题。