南非国父曼德拉人生简介

曼德拉的生平简介早期生活1918年7月18日，纳尔逊·曼德拉出生于南非特兰斯凯省乌姆塔塔市姆维佐村的一个部落酋长家庭，他的曾祖父是腾布国王努班库卡。

1919年，曼德拉的父亲亨得利·曼德拉因拒绝执行白人法官传唤而失去了大部分财产，全家被迫搬往附近的古努村。

1927年，亨得利因肺部疾病去世，并把九岁的纳尔逊·曼德拉交由居住在姆克海凯泽韦尼的好友、摄政王琼金塔巴抚养。

在摄政王府邸中，年少的曼德拉旁听了部落的定期会议，观察并学习了摄政王解决部落内部矛盾的方法，由此养成了他对部落民主、传统习俗和团结友爱的看重。

与此同时，他学会了英语，能流利地和求助的白人交流。

1934年，曼德拉在巴施河流域的一个峡谷里接受了割礼，成为了部落认可的成年人，并得到了达利邦加的名字。

同年，曼德拉进入了卫理公会的克拉基伯雷学院学习。

在那里，曼德拉懂得了知识和美德的重要性。

1936年，他从克拉基伯雷毕业，入学希尔德敦学院。

1939年，曼德拉进入南非本土成立的福特海尔大学学习英语翻译、法律、政治学和行政管理，并立志成为一名公务员。

1940年，曼德拉和其他五名同学被选举成为学生代表委员会的委员。

由于学校在饮食问题上对白人学生和土著学生的区别对待，这次选举被广泛抵制，只有约四分之一的学生参与投票，六名委员因此宣布辞职。

福特海尔大学的校长亚历山大·克尔宣布重新进行选举，结果与之前完全一致。

在克尔的施压下，五名委员宣布就职，但曼德拉坚持尊重大部分人的意愿，拒不就职，因此被福特海尔大学驱逐。

曼德拉被迫返回姆克海凯泽韦尼后，拒绝了年老的摄政王为他订下的婚约，并于1941年4月离开摄政王府邸，前往约翰内斯堡寻求发展机遇。

20世纪40年代，约翰内斯堡已经是非洲主要的大城市之一。

第二次世界大战为南非带来了新的发展机遇，蓬勃发展的贸易为南非黑人提供了充足的工作岗位。

二战中英国对非洲兵源的迫切需求促使南非政府放宽民族隔离政策，但黑人涌入城市造成的摩擦也同时催生了新的种族主义。

名人故事：曼德拉纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉(Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela)1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格。

曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。

于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。

在任职总统前，曼德拉是积极的反种族隔离人士，同时也是非洲国民大会的武装组织民族之矛的领袖。

当他领导反种族隔离运动时，南非法院以密谋推翻政府等罪名将他定罪。

依据判决，曼德拉在牢中服刑了27年。

1990年出狱后，转而支持调解与协商，并在推动多元族群民主的过渡期挺身领导南非。

自种族隔离制度终结以来，曼德拉受到了来自各界的赞许，包括从前的反对者。

曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显着的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。

2004年，其被选为最伟大的南非人。

2013年12月6日(南非时间5日)，曼德拉在约翰内斯堡住所去世，享年95岁。

南非为曼德拉举行国葬，全国降半旗。

韩世忠是武将，朱熹是文人，这一文一武有三大共同点：第一，都是南宋名人;第二，都爱喝酒;第三，喝酒的时候都不大吃菜。

生平简介早年曼德拉曼德拉是家族中唯一上过学的成员，小学启蒙教师给他取名纳尔逊。

当曼德拉9岁的时候，他父亲死于肺结核。

部落中的摄政王成为他的监护人，曼德拉于是就到离开父亲王宫不远的韦斯里安教会学校上课。

按照腾布的习惯，他从16岁开始受业。

曼德拉用了2年完成了惯常需要3年完成的初中学业。

因为父亲的地位，他被指定为王朝的继任者。

曼德拉在福特哈尔大学上学时，遇到了一生的好朋友、好同事——奥利弗·坦波。

并在曼德拉大学生涯第一年中，他卷入了学生会抵制学校不合理政策的活动。

他被勒令退学，并被告知除非接受学生会的选举结果，不然不能再回到学校。

此后，曼德拉在监狱时才获得了伦敦大学的函授法学学位。

离开福特哈尔不久，曼德拉就安排和腾布家族的继承人一起结婚。

南非英雄曼德拉生平事迹简介曼德拉领导了南非的黑人解放运动，在当时被称为南非的国父。

下面是我细心为大家整理的2篇南非英雄曼德拉生平事迹简介，盼望可以启发、关心到大伴侣、小伴侣们。

曼德拉简介篇一曼德拉全名是纳尔逊罗利赫拉赫拉曼德拉，是南非特别重要的一位总统。

曼德拉1918年诞生于南非的特兰斯凯，他是家中唯一一位上过学的成员。

在曼德拉9岁的时候，父亲就因病去世了，部落中的摄政王成为了曼德拉的监护人。

长大后的曼德拉在福特哈尔高校上学，在这所学校里，曼德拉遇见了他一生的好伴侣、好同事，这个人就是奥利弗坦波。

离开福特哈尔不久之后，曼德拉来到了约翰内斯堡，做了一份保安的工作。

但是保安这个工作没做多久就被解雇了，于是曼德拉又找了一份在律师事务所的文书工作。

在干这份工作的同时，曼德拉还获得了南非高校的学士学位，之后，他又开头在金山高校学习法律。

1944年，曼德拉参与了主见非暴力斗争的非国大，也就是非洲人国民大会。

从今之后，曼德拉就乐观地投身于政治事业。

曼德拉与当年的好友奥利弗坦波一起开了一家律师事务所，特地为没钱打官司的黑人供应免费或低价的法律询问。

1952年年底，曼德拉还组织领导了"蔑视不公正法令运动'，赢得全部黑人的敬重。

曼德拉始终在为黑人谋利益，在1962年的时候被南非种族隔离政权给逮捕入狱，开头了他长达27年的"监狱生涯'。

重获自由不久后，曼德拉在总统大选中胜出，成为南非第一位黑人总统。

2023年曼德拉在约翰内斯堡病逝。

曼德拉生平事迹篇二曼德拉和黄家驹，一位是南非前总统，黑人运动的领袖，另一位是中国香港的摇滚音乐人，怎么看都不像有联系的人。

但是《光辉岁月》这一首歌，将这两个毫无关系的人紧紧联系在了一起。

曼德拉传奇的一生和他的功绩对全世界人民来说应当是家喻户晓的，曼德拉几乎就是南非的象征。

全世界很多的艺术家都情愿为这位人权斗士唱歌，黄家驹就是其中的一个。

当时黄家驹在报纸上看到了黑人领袖曼德拉的故事，于是就以此为灵感创作了一首歌，这首歌就是《光辉岁月》。

曼德拉一、简介曼德拉，1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯一个大酋长家庭，他是家中长子而被指定为酋长继承人。

但他表示：“决不愿以酋长身份统治一个受压迫的部族”，而要“以一个战士的名义投身于民族解放事业”。

11964年6月，他又被指控犯有以阴谋颠覆罪而改判为无期徒刑，从此开始了漫长的铁窗生涯，在狱中长达27个春秋，他备受迫害和折磨，但始终坚贞不屈。

1990年2月11日，南非当局在国内外舆论压力下，被迫宣布无条件释放曼德拉。

1994年4月，非国大在南非首次不分种族的大选中获胜。

同年5月，曼德拉成为南非第一位黑人总统。

曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，最显著的是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。

2013年12月5日，曼德拉去世，享年95岁。

二、宽容在南非的民族斗士曼德拉，因为领导反对白人种族隔离政策而入狱，白人统治者把他关在荒凉的大西洋小岛罗本岛上27年。

当1991年曼德拉出狱当选总统以后，他在总统就职典礼上的举动震惊了世界。

总统就职仪式开始了，曼德拉起身致辞欢迎他的来宾。

在介绍了来自世界各国的政要后,他说令他最高兴的是当初看守他的3名前狱方人员也能到场。

他邀请他们站起身，以便他能介绍给大家。

曼德拉博大的胸襟和宽宏的精神，让南非那些残酷虐待了他27年的白人汗颜，也让所有到场的人肃然起敬。

看着年迈的曼德拉缓缓站起身来，恭敬地向3个曾关押他的看守致敬，在场的所有来宾以至整个世界，都静下来了。

曼德拉后来向朋友们解释说，自己年轻时性子很急,脾气暴躁，正是在狱中学会了控制情绪才活了下来。

他的牢狱岁月给了他时间与激励，使他学会了如何处理自己遭遇苦难的痛苦。

他说，感恩与宽容经常是源自痛苦与磨难的，必须以极大的毅力来训练。

曼德拉说起获释出狱当天的心情：“当我走出囚室、迈过通往自由的监狱大门时，我已经清楚，自己若不能把悲痛与怨恨留在身后，那么我其实仍在狱中。

”三、博大宽广的胸怀2000年，南非全国警察总署发生了这样一件严重的种族歧视事件:在总部大楼的一间办公室里，当工作人员开启电脑时，电脑屏幕上的曼德拉头像竟逐渐变成了“大猩猩”，全国警察总监和公安部长闻之勃然大怒，南非人民也因之义愤填膺。

曼德拉的历史故事曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）是南非历史上最为著名的领导人之一，他是一位伟大的政治家和人权活动家。

他的一生充满坎坷，奋斗了很多年，最终成功地推动了南非种族隔离制度的废除，并成为南非的第一位非洲裔总统。

本文将带您深入了解曼德拉的历史故事。

1. 幼年与成长曼德拉于1918年7月18日出生在南非的东开普省，是部落的首领之子。

在他的家庭中，教育得到了高度重视，他接受了一流的教育，这对曼德拉以后的成长起到了决定性的影响。

曼德拉年少时就展现出了很高的智慧和责任感，他早期就意识到自己在一个种族隔离制度下的生活，并对此产生了深刻的不满。

2. 加入非洲人国民大会（ANC）曼德拉在20世纪40年代末成为了南非非洲人国民大会（ANC）的一员，此时他已经进入了南非约翰内斯堡的一所大学学习法律。

曼德拉在非洲人国民大会中积极参与了反对种族隔离制度的运动，此前他已经经历了自己的家族因为政府种族政策而受到的不公待遇，使得他对这个问题有了更加深刻的理解。

3. 法律事业与种族隔离的抗争曼德拉毕业后成为了一名律师，主要帮助受到种族歧视和不公对待的黑人提供法律援助。

曼德拉利用法律手段展开了对抗种族隔离的斗争，他不顾自己的安危，坚持维护人权与正义。

曼德拉通过一系列的抗议活动和诉讼，在国际社会上引起了广泛的关注和支持。

4. 长达27年的监禁生涯曼德拉在1956年被政府以叛国罪名逮捕，并于1964年被判处终身监禁。

随后的27年间，曼德拉被关押在罗本岛上，受尽虐待和限制。

然而，这段时间并没有让他放弃对自由的追求，他利用监狱里的时间主动学习，不断提升自己的知识和领导能力。

5. 自由与废除种族隔离1990年，曼德拉获释，并成为媒体关注的焦点。

他发表了一系列讲话，呼吁南非政府废除种族隔离制度，并呼吁各方采取对话和和解的方式解决南非的种族问题。

1994年，南非举行了历史性的民主选举，曼德拉成为了第一位非洲裔总统，也是南非第一位民选的总统。

纳尔逊曼德拉简介英语纳尔逊曼德拉，曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。

于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为“南非国父”。

下面是店铺给大家整理的纳尔逊曼德拉简介英语，供大家参阅!纳尔逊曼德拉简介Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, July 18, 1918 - December 5, 2013), was born in South Africa Terence Kay, has won the South African University Bachelor of Arts and Witwae University of Teslan. Former National Committee of the National Youth League National Committee, Chairman. From 1994 to 1999 served as president of South Africa, is the first black president, was known as the "father of South Africa."Before the presidency, Mandela was a leader of active anti-apartheid, and also a national leader of the armed groups of the African National Congress. When he led the anti-apartheid movement, the South African court convicted him with conspiracy to overthrow the government. According to the verdict, Mandela served in prison for 27 years. After his release in 1990, he turned to support mediation and consultation, and led the country in transition in the transition to democracy. Since the end of the apartheid system, Mandela has received praise from all walks of life, including former opponents.Mandela won more than 100 awards in 40 years, the most notable of which was the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. In 2004, it was chosen as the greatest South Africans.纳尔逊曼德拉生平经历Early lifeNelson Raleigh Herah la Mandela is the only member of the family to go to school, primary school teacher named him Nelson.When Mandela was 9 years old, his father died of tuberculosis. Tribe in the regent became his guardian, Mandela then went to leave the father of the palace not far from the school of the West school. According to Tengbu's habit, he was 16 years old from the industry. Mandela spent two years to complete the usual 3 years to complete the junior high school. Because of his father's status, he was designated as the successor of the dynasty.Mandela met at the University of Fordhar, met a good friend of life, good colleagues - Oliver Tambo. And in the first year of his career at Mandela, he was involved in activities that students would boycott school unreasonable policies. He was ordered to drop out and was told that he would not be able to return to school unless he accepted the election results of the student union. Since then, Mandela won a correspondence law degree at the University of London.After leaving Fordhar, Mandela arranged to marry with the heir of the Tengbu family. But he chose to escape, left his hometown came to Johannesburg. When he arrived in Johannesburg, he found a job in the coal mine. However, when the mine owner found Mandela is fleeing aristocracy after the rapid dismissal of him. Mandela then found a clerical work at a law firm in Johannesburg, where he completed his bachelor's degree at the University of South Africa, after which he began to study law at Jinshan University in Johannesburg. Mandela lived in Jakarta University in the north of Johannesburg and met his colleagues in the anti-apartheid period - Joslo Loew, Harris Watts and Ruth Foster.Join politics1944 participated in the non-violent struggle of the South African African National Congress (referred to as the ANC).In 1948, the South African Kuomintang, which was governed by the Boers, won the general election. As the party supported the policy of apartheid, Mandela began to actively join politics in his 1952 anti-Nationalist movement and the 1955 People's Assembly Played a leading role, the basis of these movements is the freedom of the Charter. At the same time, Mandela and his lawyer Oliver Tambo opened the Mandela Tanbo law firm, for the defense of black lawyers to provide free or low-cost legal advisory services, and has served as non-country Large executive committee, chairman of the province of Delaware, vice chairman of the country. At the end of 1952, he successfully organized and led the "contempt for injustice movement", won the respect of all blacks. T o this end, the South African authorities have twice issued a ban on his participation in public meetings.September 2, 1958, Hendrik Frensie Vivold served as Prime Minister of South Africa, which during the administration of the "Bantustan law", the move will be more than 1,000 million African black only limited to 12.5% South African land, and at the same time in the country to strengthen the permit system, which intensified the South African black and white conflict, eventually led to the occurrence of the Chapelle Violent.March 21, 1960, the South African military police in Chapelle to the ongoing demonstrations of five thousand protesters fired, massacre led to 69 people were killed and 180 injured, Mandela was also arrested and imprisoned, But finally through the defense of the court for their own defense, and acquitted.In 1961 he led the strike movement to protest and boycott the "South African Republic" established by white racists; then moved into the underground armed struggle. Mandela created the ANC military organization: "the nation's spear" (Umkhontowe Sizwe) and served as commander-in-chief. He had secretly visited abroad and attended the anti-non-free movement conference held in Addis Ababa, calling for economic sanctions against South Africa.Was arrested and imprisonedIn August 1962, under the auspices of the CIA, Mandela was arrested and imprisoned by the South African apartheid regime, when the government sentenced Mandela to imprisonment for five years with "incitement" and "unlawful transgressions". Della began his 27-year "prison career".On October 15, 1962, Mandela was detained at the Prefecture of Pretoria. There, Mandela was detained for the benefit of his own, with a length of 23 hours a day, only half an hour a day for the morning and afternoon. There is no natural light in the separate room, there is no writing, everything is isolated from the outside. Eventually, Mandela gave up some of his rights, and he wanted to be able to communicate with others.June 1964, the South African government to "attempt to violate the government to punish the crime" is serving a sentence of Mandela's life imprisonment, when he was transferred to Robben Island. Robben Island was the largest secret prison in South Africa from the mid-1960s to 1991, and the island had detained a large number of black political prisoners. Mandela in the island of the island of the island only 4.5 square meters, where he was treated by non-human. The prisoners on Robben Island were forced by the jailers to the quarries on the island. On the island, Mandela wants the prison to agree that he opened up a vegetable garden in the yard of the prison, the prison refused many times, but eventually agreed to Mandela's request. On the island, Mandela still insists on physical exercise, such as runningin a cell, doing push-ups for exercise.In 1982, Mandela left Robben Island, where he was transferred to the Poers Moore Prison. Since then, Mandela has ended his 18-year imprisonment in Robben Island. He also opened a garden here, and planted nearly 900 plants.In May 1984, the official allowed Mandela to engage in "contact" visits with his wife, and when his wife heard the news that Mandela could be ill, when they were visiting, they hugged each other, "It was the first time that I had kissed my wife for so many years," said Dela, and for the past few years I have not touched my lady 's hand for 21 years.Regains freedomSouth Africa was subjected to severe sanctions by the international community during the period of the apartheid period, which eventually led to the dismantling of South Africa in 1990 and the achievement of national reconciliation.February 10, 1990, South African President De Klerk announced the unconditional release of Mandela, February 11, 1990, spent in prison for 27 years Mandela finally regained freedom. On the day of his release, he went to the Soweto football field, to 120,000 people published his famous "jail speech." In March 1990, he was appointed by the National Executive Committee of the National Assembly as vice chairman, acting chairman.Served as presidentIn April 1994, the ANC won the first non-racial election in South Africa. On May 9, Mandela became the first black president in South African history after the first multi-racial election in South Africa was announced.In December 1997, Mandela resigned as chairman of theANC and said he was no longer in the June 1999 presidential campaign.On March 12, 1999, he was awarded the honorary doctorate degree by the prestigious university of Leiden. In May, President Mandela was invited to visit China. He was the first South African head of state to visit China. Officially resigned in June.Sick hospitalIn March 2013 Mandela was re-admitted to hospital at midnight on 27th due to recurrence of lung infection, the third time that Mandela was admitted since December 2012 and his second hospital stay in March. At the time of the arrival of Easter in the West, the people of South Africa went to the church to pray for Mandela.June 8, 2013, Mandela due to lung infection recurrence was sent to Pretoria hospital treatment. In the same year on June 12, Mandela grandson Mandila issued a statement that Mandela's condition has improved, Mandela to South Africa and the world for the blessing of Mandela expressed gratitude. June 23, Mandela illness began to deteriorate. The medical team reported that in the past 24 hours, Mandela's condition was "critical".On September 1, 2013, the President of the South African Republic said former President Mandela had left the hospital and returned to the home in Johannesburg to continue to receive intensive care, but the condition was still very serious and the health was sometimes unstable.December 6, 2013 (South Africa time 5), Mandela died in Johannesburg residence, at the age of 95 years. South Africa held a national burial for Mandela, the national half flag.FuneralAt 10:00 on December 10, 2013, Mandela's official memorialservice will be held at the National Bank Gymnasium in Johannesburg, South Africa.December 11, 2013, Mandela's body will be transferred to Pretoria's federal building for three days for the public to pay tribute.Every morning from 11 to 13 December 2013, Mandela's coffin will be patrolled on the main road in Pretoria for the final farewell to their country's father.December 15, 2013 morning, Mandela's funeral ceremony in Mandela children living in Kunu village was held, the specific location is Mandela's family cemetery. Leaders from multiple countries attended the funeral ceremony and spoke, nearly 5,000 people to send Mandela last journey.纳尔逊曼德拉家庭生活family backgroundMandela is a member of the non-eldest son of the kingdom of Thembu, which dominates the Turanje area of Cape Town, South Africa. He was born in the small village of Mouvizo, located in the area of Mttata, the capital of Trentac. His father's great-grandfather, Ngubengcuka, died in 1832, ruled the Tengfu people with the position of the king (Inkosi Enkhulu). One of the sons named Mandela, became Nelson's grandfather, was also the origin of his surname. However, since his mother came from the Ixhiba family (the so-called "left royal family"), according to tradition, his descendants were not qualified to inherit the throne of Tengbu.Mandela's father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, served as tribal chief in the town of Mouvizo. However, due to the incompatibility between the colonial authorities, they took the status of Meng Fanking Islam and moved his family to Kunu. Inspite of this, Meng Fanken Ishwa is still a member of the king's Privy Council and served as the corner of the throne of the throne of the emperor of the emperor.Life partnerMandela's life left the traces of three women. They are: first love lover Evelyn, "black mother" Winnie and "old friend" Graza.23 years old first loveIn 1941, 23-year-old Mandela met the anti-apartheid people Sisu Lu, and with his deep friendship, it is Sisu Lu introduced Mandela to join the ANC. Sicily is not only Mandela's lead, or "old man", Mandela's first love and the first lady Evelyn Metz is the cousin of Sicily. In 1944, Mandela took Evelyn to marry. Evelyn gave birth to three children. But because Mandela devote themselves to anti-apartheid movement, rarely take into account the family, the couple widened, and finally sadly broke up.Mother of the fallMandela's second marriage is the most popular. In 1958, Mandela and young beautiful Winnie at first sight, soon into the marriage hall. "Winnie Mandela" is a well-known name in South Africa. Wynne, who grew up in the struggle against apartheid, won the love of war, loyalty and maternal love, and enjoyed the "black mother" in South Africa.But later, with the status of the continuous improvement, Winnie character insider despotic, brutal overbearing side gradually exposed in front of the world. She advocates violence, life corruption, also occurred extramarital affairs. Mandela was released from prison and found that the South African newspaper was full of Winnie's scandal. Mandela has repeatedly tried to persuade, but can not restore his wife's heart, he had painfully confessed, since the release, with Winnie living togetherthat time, he became the world's most lonely people. In 1996, Mandela divorced Winnie.In the later years,In 1996, Mandela was staggering: "I fell in love again." July 18, 1998, Mandela 80-year-old birthday, 53-year-old Mozambican former president Marshall widow Graza became the bride of Mandela. Scottish, German, French, Spanish and English are the only women in the first 11 years of the post-Mozambican Liberation Front. Mandela laughed: "From now on, the most important content of my life is two, the first is Graza, the second is to eat prawns in Mozambique.Make a childMandela has a total of six children, two men and four women.He and his first wife symbiotic two men and two women, but the daughter died after birth. Mandela's eldest son, Madiba Sambekiel, died in a car accident in 1969, and his second son, Mark Jato Mandela, died of AIDS on January 6, 2005.Mandela and his second wife, Winnie, had two daughters.。

尼尔森曼德拉传记[正文]尼尔森·曼德拉是南非历史上最杰出的政治家之一，也是一位杰出的反种族隔离运动领袖。

他的生平事迹和伟大的思想对世界产生了深远影响。

本文将以传记的形式介绍尼尔森·曼德拉的成长经历、政治活动和他对南非社会的贡献。

曼德拉于1918年7月18日出生在南非东开普省的小村庄中获。

他来自一个部落的贵族家庭，并在年轻的时候展现出了对公正和平等的强烈渴望。

他在离家乡较远的地方接受教育，最终进入约翰内斯堡大学学习法律。

在大学期间，曼德拉对黑人权利的不公平待遇产生了强烈的觉醒，并决定将自己的一生奉献给争取平等和自由的事业。

在二十世纪50年代初，曼德拉与其他反对种族隔离制度的政治家们一起创立了非洲人国民大会（ANC）。

他们的目标是通过非暴力的方式争取黑人的平等权利。

然而，南非政府对此表示强烈反对，并将曼德拉以及其他政治家们拘捕并判处长期监禁。

曼德拉在狱中度过了将近27年的岁月，这段时间不但没有使他丧失信念，反而坚定了他对和平的追求。

他在监狱中写下了许多著名的回忆录和政治文章，强调了和解、宽容和平等的重要性。

这些作品使他成为了全球反对种族隔离运动的重要象征。

1990年，曼德拉终于获释，并开始了艰难而又充满挑战的政治活动。

他与南非政府展开了谈判，并最终推动了一系列政治改革，包括黑人参与选举、废除种族隔离制度等。

1994年，南非举行了历史性的全民选举，曼德拉成为南非的第一位黑人总统。

在他的领导下，南非实施了一系列政策，促进了种族和解和国家的发展。

曼德拉不仅在政治领域有所建树，他还致力于推动教育和卫生保健等社会事业的发展。

他创立了曼德拉基金会，致力于改善南非农村地区的教育和医疗条件。

他也积极参与国际事务，以和平与公正的原则为指导，为世界和平与稳定作出了重要贡献。

尼尔森·曼德拉于2013年12月5日辞世，享年95岁。

他的去世引发了全球范围内对他的深切怀念和敬意。

他的生平事迹展现了一个坚强、勇敢和仁慈的领导者形象。

曼德拉-人物简介纳尔逊·罗利拉拉·曼德拉（Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela，1918年7月18日－），南非首位黑人总统（任期：1994年-1999年）。

他被尊称为南非国父。

1918年7月18日，曼德拉出生于南非特蘭斯凱的一个大酋长家庭。

1938年进入黑尔堡大学，因抵制校方选举学生代表活动，被中止学业，之后就读威斯特斯兰大学，获法学士学位。

1944年曼德拉放弃继承父亲的酋长地位，参加南非非洲人国民大会，参与创建国民大会青年联盟，并于1951年担任主席。

1961年，曼德拉组织非国大军事组织“民族之矛”，担任国民大会军事总司令，转入地下从事武装斗争。

1962年，曼德拉被捕，以“煽动罪”和“非法出国”被判入狱5年。

1964年在狱中又被控以“阴谋暴力推翻政府”改判无期徒刑，后被逐放、关押在大西洋的罗本岛，在狱中坚持斗争。

1990年在罗本岛监狱被监禁27年之后，曼德拉被戴克拉克政府无条件释放，并再次当选非洲人国民大会主席。

1993年，曼德拉和当时的南非总统戴克拉克共同获得当年的诺贝尔和平奖。

1994年，非国大在南非历史上首次多种族共同参加的大选中获胜，曼德拉当选总统。

1999年，曼德拉结束五年总统任期，副手塔博·姆贝基接任总统。

曼德拉卸任后积极参加呼吁爱滋病防治活动，并参加在南非德班举行的第13届世界爱滋病大会。

2008年5月8日，美国众议院将曼德拉从恐怖分子的名单中剔除，并解除其入境限制。

现任妻子格拉萨，他们于1998年曼德拉80大寿当天完婚。

曼德拉-主要经历曼德拉自幼性格刚强，崇敬民族英雄。

他是家中长子而被指定为酋长继承人。

但他表示：“决不愿以酋长身份统治一个受压迫的部族”，而要“以一个战士的名义投身于民族解放事业”。

他毅然走上了追求民族解放的道路。

曼德拉1944年参加主张非暴力斗争的南非非洲人国民大会（简称非国大）。

1948年当选为非国大“青年联盟”的全国书记，1950年任非国大“青年联盟”全国主席。