莎士比亚sonnet及其翻译

SONNET 106 十四行诗第106首 [英] 莎士比亚When in the chronicle of wasted time 我看到往昔年代的史书－I see descriptions of the fairest wights, 对风流人物的详尽绘述，And beauty making beautiful old rhyme 美艳成就了古老的诗赋－In praise of ladies dead, and lovely knights, 赞翩翩骑士和绝代尤物；Then in the blazon of sweet beauty's best, 那么，这些对绝色的夸耀， Of hand, of foot, of lip, of eye, of brow, 手足与朱唇、靓眸与眉毛，I see their antique pen would have express'd 依稀这表述之古风笔调－Even such a beauty as you master now. 宛然你而今的潇洒风貌。

So all their praises are but prophecies 故所有的赞词，仅在预示－Of this our time, all you prefiguring; 预述你的一切，且系此时；And, for they look'd but with divining eyes, 而他们只是以慧眼瞩视，They had not skill enough your worth to sing: 却无力去歌颂你的价值。

For we, which now behold these present days, 而我们，见到了当今时代，Have eyes to wonder, but lack tongues to praise. 不由惊艳失语，目瞪口呆。

－by William Shakespeare (1564－1616)附1］：卞之琳译本－过往世代的记载里常常见到前人把最俊俏人物描摹尽致，美貌如何使古老的诗句也美妙，配得上歌颂美女和风流骑士，看人家夸赞美貌是怎样的无比，什么手，什么脚，什么嘴，什么眼，什么眉，我总是看出来他们古雅的手笔差不多恰好表现了你的秀美。

莎士比亚十四行诗原文译文探析莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）作为英国文学史上最重要的艺术家之一，其作品一直被世人推崇。

他的十四行诗（sonnet）尤为著名，这些诗歌探讨了爱情、时间、美丽和死亡等永恒的主题。

本文将深入探讨莎士比亚十四行诗的原文及其中文译文，并分析其中蕴含的深刻意义。

首先我们来看莎士比亚的第一首十四行诗，即《莎士比亚十四行诗之一》。

我们首先注意到的是这首诗歌采用了抑扬格的形式，每行由十个音节组成。

莎士比亚通过这种形式的诗歌，表达了对美丽的渴望和对时间流逝的思考。

诗中他说“我们渴望美好的事物能够繁衍，这样美丽之花永不凋谢。

但是随着时光流逝，其越成熟的身影消逝，而他的后代要承载其记忆。

但是你呀，被局限在自己明亮的双眼里，用自我实质的燃料来滋养你的光芒，使得丰富之处变成了匮乏，你是你自己的敌人，对自己太残忍。

”莎士比亚通过这首诗表达了对美丽的追求，以及对个体自我局限的思考。

对于这首诗歌的中文译文，我们可以感受到译者对文章语言美感的运用，使得诗歌在翻译过程中没有失去原有的意境和氛围。

我们可以注意到这首诗歌的表现手法同样采用了抑扬格的形式，每行也由十个音节组成。

诗中莎士比亚表达了对爱人美好容颜的赞美以及对其永恒之美的祝福。

他说：“我要拿你和夏日作比较吗？你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风能把五月里娇嫩的花蕾摇得摇摆；夏季风光太短促了。

时而天国之眼的光线太过灼热，经常神色黯淡；任何美景都有它的凋残时刻，无论是偶然或是自然因素的干扰。

但是你的永恒夏日永不凋谢，不会失去那属于你的美；死亡也不能夸耀你在他的阴影下徘徊；当你在永恒的诗行里，与时间一同成长，只要人类能喘息，眼睛还能看，你就会永世长存，这首诗也会永存，并为你赋予生命。

”这首诗歌充满了对爱人的赞美和祝福，表达了作者的深情厚爱。

对于这样一首表达深情的诗歌，在翻译的过程中，译者的语言功底和艺术修养显得尤为重要。

他们需要将原文中的美感和情感完整地传递给读者，使读者在欣赏翻译诗歌时能够感受到原诗所传达的深厚意蕴。

Sonnet 18能不能把你比拟做夏日？你可是更加温和，更加可爱：狂风会吹落五月里开的好花儿，夏季的生命又未免结束得太快：有时候苍天的巨眼照得太灼热，他那金彩的脸色也会被遮暗；每一样美呀，总会离开美而凋落，被时机或者自然的代谢所摧残；但是你永久的夏天决不会凋枯，你永远不会失去你美的仪态；死神夸不着你在他的影子里踯躅，你将在不朽的诗中与时间同在；只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见，我这诗就活着，使你的生命绵延Sonnet 29当我受尽命运和人们的白眼，暗暗地哀悼自己的身世飘零，徒用呼吁往干扰聋瞆的昊天，顾盼着身影，诅咒自己的生辰，愿我和另一个一样富于希看，面貌相似，又和他一样广交游，希求这人的渊博，那人的内行，最赏心的乐事觉得最不对头；可是，当我正要这样看轻自己，忽然想起了你，于是我的精神，便像云雀破晓从阴霾的大地振翮上升，高唱着圣歌在天门：一想起你的爱使我那么富有，和帝王换位我也不屑于屈就。

SONNET 106十四行诗第106首[英] 莎士比亚When in the chronicle of wasted time 我看到往昔年代的史书－I see descriptions of the fairest wights, 对风流人物的详尽绘述，And beauty making beautiful old rhyme 美艳成就了古老的诗赋－In praise of ladies dead, and lovely knights, 赞翩翩骑士和绝代尤物；Then in the blazon of sweet beauty’s best, 那么，这些对绝色的夸耀， Of hand, of foot, of lip, of eye, of brow, 手足与朱唇、靓眸与眉毛，I see their antique pen would have express’d 依稀这表述之古风笔调－Even such a beauty as you master now. 宛然你而今的潇洒风貌。

莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首Sonnet 18 铁冰译文1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day 我该不该把你比作怡人的夏天？2 Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你却比她更加可爱更加温情。

3 Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 五月的娇蕊总是被狂风吹断，4 And summer's lease hath all too short a date: 夏天也只是一道短暂的美景。

5 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 苍穹的目光有时会过于灼热，6 And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; 那金色的脸庞也常黯淡无光。

7 And every fair from fair sometime declines, 人间一切瑰丽终将失去秀色，8 By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; 湮没于不测风云和世事沧桑。

9 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是，你常青的夏季永不消逝，10 Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 你拥有的美丽也将永不折损，11 Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 或许死神的阴影会笼罩着你，12 When in eternal lines to time thou growest; 你却和这不朽的诗句千古长存。

13 So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, 只要人类还在呼吸、眼睛还在欣赏，14 So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 我的诗就会活着，令你生命绽放。

二十九首就是其中的一首。

这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬”手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries ,And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。

”,慨叹自s )己生不逢时,身世凋零,即便是“cries (哭喊)”也是“bootless (无用的)”,不过是“trouble(麻烦)”“deafheaven(聋耳的苍天)”,真是叫天天不应,叫地地不灵,诗人只有“curse my fate(悲叹时运不济)”。

接着四句诗人更进一步吐露自己心中的自卑:Wishing me like to one more rich in hope ,Featured like him ,like him with friends possessed , Desiring this man’s art and that man’s scope ,With what I most enjoy contented least ,诗人羡慕人家“rich in hope(前程远大)”“Featured ,(一表人才) ”“ , with friends possessed (盛友如云) ” “Desiring(渴望有)”别人的“art (权威)”“scope (才, 华)”。

同这许多人相比,诗人觉得自惭形秽,痛苦悲伤,感觉自己一无是处,尤其的看轻自己“With , what I most enjoy contented least (于自己平素最得意的[指吟诗] ,倒最不满意)”,这四句诗真是把诗人的怨天尤人,痛苦万状的情绪推到了极点。

莎⼠⽐亚⼗四⾏诗翻译和解读Sonnet 181. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Could I compare you to the time/days of summer?2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:You are more lovely and more gentle and mild than the days.3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,The wild wind shakes the favorite flowers of May.4. And summer's lease hath all too short a dateAnd the duration of summer has a limited period of time.5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,Sometimes the sun shinning is too hot.6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And his gold skin of the face will be dimmed by the clouds.7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,Every beautiful thing and person will decline from previous state of beauty.8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:(the beauty) will be stripped of by chance or changes of season in the nature.9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,But your summer exists forever and will not lose color/freshness or vigor. 10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,You will never lose your own beauty either.11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,The Death can’t boast that you wander in his shadow.12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,You grow as time grows in the undying lines of my verse.13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long as men can live in the world with sight and breath,14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.This poem will exist and you will live in it forever.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThe theme:The main theme is t he power of the speaker’s poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations.What is it about?The speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved: “Shall I compare thee toa summer’s day?” The next eleven lines are devoted to such a comparison. Summer: (Line 3: rough winds；4：too short；5. too hot；6. too dimmed；7&8. beautiful things will die) Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The “procreation” sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker’s realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live forever in this poem.Figures of speechIn line (5 ) There is a Metaphor .In line ( 5+6 ) There is a Personification .( eye of Heaven shines ) : Eye of heaven = the sunThe sun became dark because dark of clouds .In Line (9+10+12 ) There is a Hyperbole .In Line ( 11 )There is a personification .In Line ( 14 ) There is an Inverted order .Analysis: （拓展）The poem works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise.The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, and sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.Sonnet 1301. My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;My lady’s eyes aren’t like the sun at all.2. Coral is far more red, than her lips red:Coral is much redder than her lips.3. If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If snow is white, then her breasts are brown.4. If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.If hair is as coarse as threads, then her hair is full of black threads.5. I have seen roses damasked, red and white,I have seen the pinkish, red and white roses.6. But no such roses see I in her cheeks;But I can see such kinds of roses in her cheeks.7. And in some perfumes is there more delightThere is much tempting/attractive fragrance.8. Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.The fragrance is more attractive than her steamy, sweaty and unsavory smells.9. I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowI like listening to her speaking, but I am also aware that10. That music hath a far more pleasing sound:The sound of music is much more favorable than her sound.11. I grant I never saw a goddess go,I admit that I never saw a goddess walking by.12. My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:My mistress stamps on the floor when she walks.13. And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare,But I can swear to God that my lover is as precious as15. As any she belied with false compare.As any woman who has been misrepresented by ridiculous comparisons.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThemeThe poet suggests their love is rare because he does not desire her to be something she is not.It's about finding love in spite of (or maybe even because of) physical flaws.It pokes fun at our obsession with looks and to show how ridiculous it is to ask any person to live up to some ideal of perfect beauty.Figures of speechNegative similesSimile may also be expressed in the negative form“My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun”Etc.Ironic toneThe sonnet appears to be humorous, but the couplet displays the deeply romantic tone of the poem.Analysis（拓展）In many ways, Shakespeare’s sonnets subvert and reverse the conventions of the Petrarchan love sequence: the idealizing love poems, for instance, are written not to a perfect woman but to an admittedly imperfect man, and the love poems to the dark lady are anything but idealizing, like this one. He describes the woman that he loves in extremely unflattering terms but claims that he truly loves her, which lends credibility to his claim because even though he does not find her attractive, he still declares his love for her.Sonnet 1291. The expense of spirit in a waste of shameThe expenditure of sexual energy in a desert of shameful moral decay2. Is lust in action: and till action, lustIs the lust/letch acting: and before having sexual intercourse, lust3. Is perjured, murderous, bloody, full of blame,Is dishonest, murderous, violent and blameworthy with a lot of guilt.4. Savage, extreme, rude, cruel, not to trust;Barbaric, extreme, rude, cruel, and untrustworthy.5. Enjoyed no sooner but despised straight;As soon as lust has been enjoyed, it is hated.6. Past reason hunted; and no sooner had,Lust is pursued beyond the control of reason, as soon as lust is fulfilled,7. Past reason hated, as a swallowed bait,It is hated irrationally like a bait that a fish swallows8. On purpose laid to make the taker mad.(The bait) set on purpose to make the trapped creature react with frenzy.9. Mad in pursuit and in possession so;10. Had, having, and in quest to have extreme;The taker is insane in pursuing one's lust and mad in possessing the object of lust: going to extremes in having had it, in the having of it, and in seeking to have it;11. A bliss in proof, and proved, a very woe;A heavenly sensation while it is being experienced. Once you are done, it is a true sorrow.12. Before, a joy proposed; behind a dream.An expected joy exists before having it; after having it, it seems like a dream.13. All this the world well knows; yet none knows wellEveryone in the world knows it very well, but no one knows14. To shun the heaven that leads men to this hell.To avoid the tempting sense of delight which leads men to hell.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThemeAbout lust.–Lines 1-2: lust in action (shameful and wasteful...)–Lines 3-4: lust before action (dishonest, murderous, bloody…)–Lines 5-8: a comparison between lust before and after action (enjoyed vs.despised; both are past-reason / mad) – lust causes madness!–Lines 9-12: a comparison between lust before and after action. (bliss vs. woe;joy vs. dream) – lust causes sadness and disillusionment.–Lines 13-14: a conclusion.Figures of speechSimile: taker of lust as a hooked fishPersonification: lust as a personContrasts: "before" vs. "behind" (after), "heaven" vs. "hell," and so on.Analysis （拓展）The profound hatred of sexuality, sexual pessimismIts hatred of sexuality derives from the Christian imperative of the virginal life and the dislike of all bodily functionsIt gives essentially a phallo-centric view of sexImpersonal tone: The speaker never says outright that he is writing about his own experience; instead, he presents the poem as an impersonal description, a catalogue of the kinds of experience offered by lust.。

From fairest creatures we desire increase,That thereby beauty's rose might never die,But as the riper should by time decease,His tender heir might bear his memory;But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,Feed'st thy light's flame with substantial fuel,Making a famine where abundance lies,Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.Thou that art now the world's fresh ornamentAnd only herald to the gaudy springWithin thine own bud buriest thy content,And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.Pity the world, or else this glutton be:To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.By William Shakespeare(威廉莎士比亚)一我们总愿美的物种繁衍昌盛，好让美的玫瑰永远也不凋零。

纵然时序难逆，物壮必老，自有年轻的子孙来一脉相承。

而你，却只与自己的明眸订婚，焚身为火，好烧出眼中的光明。

你与自我为敌，作践可爱的自身，有如在丰饶之乡偏造成满地饥民。

你是当今世界鲜美的装饰，你是锦绣春光里报春的先行。

你用自己的花苞埋葬了自己的花精，如慷慨的吝啬者用吝啬将血本赔尽。

莎士比亚十四行情诗英文版（中英文实用版）Sonnet 18 by William ShakespeareShall I compare thee to a summer"s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer"s lease hath all too short a date:对照：我能将你比作夏日吗？你更可爱，更为温婉：狂风摇撼五月的娇蕾，夏天的租期也太短暂：Straightaway the facial appearance of the poemWhen40in his burning wheel, the eye of heaven shall shine And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature"s changing course untrimmed;对照：当他的火焰之轮，天堂之眼照耀金色的面容常被遮蔽；每一美物终将衰退，或偶然，或自然变迁无常。

A twist in style, a shift in toneBut thy eternal summer shall not fadeor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Death shall not brag thou wanderest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:对照：但你永恒的夏日不会消逝也不会失去你所拥有的美丽；死神无法夸口你在他阴影中徘徊，当你随时光在永恒的诗行中生长：A conclusion with a flourishSo long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.对照：只要人还能呼吸，眼睛还能看见，这诗便长存，它赋予你生命。

莎士比亚十四行诗原文译文探析莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）是英国文学史上的一位伟大的戏剧家和诗人，他的作品流传于世并对后世文学产生了深远的影响。

莎士比亚的十四行诗是他众多杰作中的一部分，他以其深刻的思想和优美的诗句赢得了世人的赞誉。

在这篇文章中，我们将对莎士比亚的十四行诗进行原文、译文以及探析。

我们先来看一首莎士比亚的十四行诗原文：Sonnet 18接下来是这首诗的译文：第18首十四行诗我是否应该把你比作夏日？你比夏日更可爱更温和：狂风摇曳着五月娇艳的花蕾，夏日的期限太短暂了：太阳有时候照得太热烈，有时候他那金色的容颜也黯淡无光；天生的美丽有时会减退，不管是偶然或是自然的变化所致；但是你那永恒的夏天绝不会褪色，也不会失去你拥有的那份美丽；死亡也不能夸耀说你属于他的阴影，当你那永恒的形象随时间而增长；只要有人们的呼吸或者眼睛还能看到，这首诗就将长存，这首诗给了你生命。

莎士比亚的十四行诗常常采用押韵的手法，并且以iambic pentameter的形式出现。

这首Sonnet 18即为莎士比亚的经典之作，通过比喻把描绘出了诗人对爱人的赞美之情。

诗的开篇即以修辞设问来呈现，作者在问自己是否应该将心上人比作夏日，然后通过下文的赞美，表达出对心上人更为深切的赞美之情。

他认为心上人的美丽胜过夏日，夏日虽然美丽，却不如心上人温和可爱。

由此，诗中呈现了作者对心上人的赞美之情。

在诗的后半部分，诗人使用了“永恒的夏天”来包含对心上人的赞美之语，不管是风吹雨打，都不会改变。

随后，诗人再以修辞手法呼唤死亡无法摧毁对心上人的赞美之情，并肯定了这份美丽将长存与时间，给了心上人永生。

通过以上对原文和译文的对比分析，我们不难发现莎士比亚的十四行诗所蕴含的深刻情感。

诗人通过对夏日和心上人的比较，抒发了对心上人深切的赞美之情，并以永恒的夏天来喻示继续深切的情感长存。

这首诗也正是莎士比亚情感抒发的一个缩影，其深情款款的语言和艺术手法让我们感受到了莎士比亚伟大的文学魅力。