概念英语4必背16篇(整理编辑版)

新概念4英语+高中牛津英语之重点词组大汇总LESSON1In the Near East 在近东Some parts of the world 世界某些地区Preserve their history 保存他们的历史Hand down for one generation to another 代代相传Write down what they do 记下他们的所作所为The remote ancestors 远祖people living in the Pacific Islands 生活在太平洋群岛Have neither history nor legends to help them 既没有历史又没有传说帮助他们Make tools of stone 用石头制作工具Disappear without trace 消失得无影无踪 rot away腐烂干净LESSON2 If it were not for 要不是Put together 加在一起Do harm to 对…有害Tell the difference 区别Be engaged in 从事Make a census of 对…进行统计Make the wildest guess at 对…胡乱猜测Owe…to…将…归功于A fraction of 一小部份Be nearly related to 与…有亲緣关系At a glance 一眼就,乍一看On one’s behalf 代替某人Something like 大约,大概Be content with 满足于Destroy so many insects消灭那么多的昆虫The greatest enemies of the human race 人类最大的敌人 Live in the world生存，活在这个世界上Devour all our crops吞噬我们所有的庄稼The protection from insect-eating animals食虫动物的保护 Never do the least harm to us对我们没有丝毫伤害Be engaged in this work从事这项工作One authority on spiders一位研究蜘蛛的权威In the south of England在英国南部On a football pitch在足球场上Not content with three meals a day不满足于一日三餐The total weight of the human beings 所有人的总重量LESSON 3It is true… but…诚然...但是At the thought of 一想起Except for除...以外Cut … off from把...隔离开来Take shelter wherever they canFind shelter with与同住In a manner以某种样子Go out of one’s way特意干Tend to常常，倾向于Wash down with咽下，吞下Be accustomed to惯于in the pioneering days在登山运动的初期Look for the easiest way to the top寻找到达山顶的丫最方便的道路Face difficulties and dangers面临艰难险阻Shudder at the thought一想起来就不寒而粟Court such excitement追寻这种刺激Except for one or two places除了一两个地方外Settlements cut off from civilization与世隔绝的村落Accustomed to eating seven-course dinners习惯一餐吃七道菜Sleep between fine linen sheets睡优质亚麻布床单LESSON4Detect colours with her fingers用手指辩别颜色see through solid walls看穿实墙a locked safe 锁着的保险柜keep old newspapers locked awaybe done up in bundles被打成捆curious talent特异功能a scientific research institute科研所a series of tests一系列测试the Ministry of Health卫生部have a similar sensitivity有相似的敏感性perceive things with her skin用她的皮肤辩别实物bring her curious talent to the notice of a scientific research institutestranger stillmake out the colours of a picture hidden under a carpet in another instance 另一次the moment 一…就LESSON 5Be imprisoned in zoos被关在动物园内Natural history museums 自然历史博物馆Exert a strong fascination upon 对...产生巨大的魅力Horror films 恐怖电影In a wild state 处于野生状态In the dark jungles 在黑暗的丛林中Lead two expeditions 率领两支考察队Lie buried among the animals长眠于动物中The exact social pattern of the family groups 大猩猩家族的确切群居模式Indicate the final extent of their intelligence 指出它们的智力极限Remain a mystery 仍是个迷Describe the animal to the civilized world向文明世界描述这种动物Haunt the imagination of climbers常在攀登者的脑海中出现Something of a 有点Keep … under observation 对…进行观察LESSON6The problem of youth青年问题Take leave to doubt冒昧, 请原谅不揣冒昧表示怀疑Get down to fundamentals从问题的根本开始Has a glorious future before him有一个辉煌的前途That is where the rub is问题的症结就在这里Have an air of freedom有一种奔放不羁的风度Have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions不沉溺于卑鄙的追名逐利Anxious social climbers急切向上爬的人Have no devotion to material things不热衷于物质享受The origins of things事物的起源Dreary clichés about respect for elders尊重长者的陈词滥调A reason for respect受人尊敬的理由As an equal以平等的身份After all毕竟Be engaged in忙于In some sense从某种意义上讲For one thing 一方面，一则In contrast with与...形成对比Turn to … for help向...求助May…but …尽管...但是LESSON 7Create goodwill between nations国家之间产生友谊the common peoples of the world世界各国的民众meet one another at football在足球赛上交锋have no inclination to meet on the battlefieldinternational sporting contests在战场上兵戎相见lead to orgies of hatred导致深仇大恨deduce it from general principles从一般原理推断出这一点 on the village green在乡村草坪上no feeling of local patriotism没有地方主义的情绪play for (the) fun and exercise为了娱乐和锻炼而比赛the question of prestige声誉问题combative instincts好斗本性或本能at the international level国际级；国际水平work themselves into furies over为...大发雷霆 tests of national virtues对国民品德的检验pick up sides随意组成两队for instance例如have no inclination to不想干work oneself into导致，激起do one’s utmost竭尽全力for (the) fun为了好玩at any rate 不管怎样，无论如何LESSON 8pursue his trade从事手艺活follow their father’s occupation （子）承父业have a fairly wide choice of employment宽广的择业余地acquire a feeling of economic independence 获得经济独立感a factor in a child’s home life孩子家庭生活中的因素the number of married women in employment己婚妇女的就业人数draw substantial wages拿（到）相当的工资at the beginning of the century本世纪初economic advantages经济收入lose something of great value失去极珍贵的东西prevent her from being home to greet them使她不能在家迎接他们return from school放学归来much less of a不如，不象in employment在职，在工作place of work工作单位，工作场所more than超过；几乎LESSON 9serve as language起到语言的作用discovery of echo-location in bats对蝙蝠回声定位的发现turn to some recent human inventions看一下人类最近的发明the return of the echo回声的返回be reflected from the sea bottom从海底反射回来measure the time interval测定时间间隔the echo-sounding apparatus回声探测器the nature of the object物质的质地或性质a shoal of fish一群鱼locate flying insects 测定飞虫get a full appreciation of充分理解in general use普遍使用with experience凭经验Bats feed on insectshave only to – only have to只要...就能play a role起作用in the vicinity在...的附近according to根据，按照steer clear of避开Echolocation in bats is compared with radarcompare with与...相比LESSON 10 regard them with horror怀着恐惧看待他们do with a few original men需要有几个创见的人 create some enthusiasm激起一些热情release some energy释放出一些活力choose between various shades of the negative在形形色色的平庸之辈中挑选the joint owners of the car合资的车主a craving for success渴望飞黄腾达capture one plum after another （喻）捞了一把又一把take the juice and taste out of them喻）享尽荣华富贵have a nightmare vision of a future world浮现出梦魇般的未来世界的幻想with not a gleam of genius没有一丝天才的光芒an original mind具有创见的有识之士a rich personality丰富多彩的个性on the whole packed globed在整个拥挤不堪的地球上thoughts in the wilderness无人理睬的（改革）思想 if onlyfall to piecesdo with需要choose between 在...之间选择LESSON 11 Wandering minstrels浪迹天涯的吟游诗人Learn many of their ballads学会许多他们的歌谣In his youth在他年青时Set out to penetrate the camp决定打入敌营Settle down for the winter驻扎过冬Security precautions安全防卫措施Live well on the proceeds of raids靠掠夺物过着舒适的生活A life of ease安逸的生活No longer fit for prolonged battle不再适应持久战争Have no organization无组织Risk open battle冒正面硬拼硬打的风险Begin a long series of skirmishes展开一连串的小规模战斗Serve as a unique epic of royal espionage堪称国王间谍活动的一部独一无二的史诗Be faced with面临，面对As well as除...之外还draw the Danes after himact as充当，起...的作用depend on依靠，取决于on the move在运动中，不停地移动set out to do决定干，着手干compared with与...相比serve as / live on靠...生活LESSON 12inner emptiness内容空洞outer impressiveness表面的感人表现手法take the form of a grandiose realism采用壮观的写实主义mask the essential emptiness掩饰本质上的空洞be empty of humanity, credibility缺乏人性、可性度the censorship code新闻审查法规predetermine the content of these pictures预先决定这些影片的内容 the entertainment value of the films这些电影的娱乐价值the impressiveness of the settings布景的感染力in the production of effects为了取得效果the representation of life对生活的表现compensate for弥补，补偿spare nothing to do不遗余力地干needless to say不必说，毋用说in addition to除...之外还at times有时，偶尔地LESSON 13The motor industry汽车工业a great university city一座了不起的大学城research endowments研究基金make up for the change on character弥补特性上的变化shake to the roar of buses在公共汽车的轰鸣声中颤抖loads of motor-engines大批机动车an old seat of learning and tradition古老的学术和传统的中心 the culture of the university大学文化transform the lives of the workers改变工人的生活 on the verge of extinction濒临灭绝the rarefied atmosphere of learning高雅的学术气氛a pathetic sense of being lost可怜的茫然若失之感 sweep away扫清，扫掉hither and thither到处，四处radiate out扩散开tend to常常，倾向于be thronged with挤满have no interest in对...不感兴趣bear little resemblance to对...不感兴趣hang over笼罩，威胁LESSON 14Be oppressed by the fear of death因怕死而郁郁寡欢in the young在年轻人身上be killed in battle在战争中阵亡know human joys and sorrows经历人生的欢乐与痛苦 the best way to overcome it克服这一点的最好方法so at least it seems to me that至少在我看来是这样make your interests wider使你所关心的事情更加广泛the wall of ego recedes自我之墙撤去become merged in the universal life融入宇宙万物之中an individual human existence个人的存在rush past boulders and over waterfalls冲过巨石，越过瀑布become merged in the sea汇入大海lose their individual being失去个人的存在in old age在晚年suffer from the fear of death因怕死而感到痛苦the decay of vitality精力的衰退there is a justification for 有理由干in the thought that当想到so it seems that似乎是这样( the thing that he) cares for喜欢have reason to ( fear ) 有理由cheat sb. of骗取...的东西without break 不停地carry on继续干LESSON 15Open a current account开活期存款户头demand repayment of money提取存款draw a cheque in favour of another person开一张支付别人的支票the banker-customer relationship银行家与客户的关系the relationship of debtor and creditor债务人与债权人的关系owe a large number of obligations to对...承担许许多多的义务give rise to problems and complications引起各种问题和纠纷obey its customer’s instructions遵从客户的指示debit his account记入他存款的借方in respect of cheques drawn by himself凭他自己签发的支票give the bank specimens of his signature把自己的签名字样给银行have no right to pay out a customer’s money没有权利支付客户的存款forge his signature伪造某人的签名recognize the customer’s signature辨认出客户的鉴字in cash以现金形式be loaded against对...不利make no difference没有区别pay out支付for this reason由于这个原因in respect of用来付...的钱，凭in credit （户头上）存着钱，盈余in favour of有利于；付给give rise to引起LESSON 16Get the oil out将石油取出mineral deposits矿藏less than a foot in diameter直径不到一英尺 improve deep drilling改进深钻技术put up at the surface an oil derrick在地面上竖直一个井架like a giant block and takle像一座巨型滑轮组haul…out of the ground将...从地下拽出来great lengths of drill pipe极长的钻管be fitted with a cutting bit装着一个钻头a clean cylinder of rock一块表面光滑的圆柱体石头obtain a sample with a cording bit用芯钻取样get down to the oil到达油层flow to the surface流出地面circulate the mud down the drill pipe将泥浆灌注到钻管中去go down to向下延伸至every so often不时，经常under control在控制之中lead off将...引出或放出send …down把...送下去at the top在顶部，在最高处at the bottom在底部，在最低处cut through钻穿，钻透by means of通过...的手段in a controlled manner有控制地be fitted with安装着LESSON 17A very useful working concept一种非常有用且行之有效的概念place a certain amount of reliance on tests相当程度地信赖测试an intelligence test智力测试take a sample of an individual’s ability对个人能力取样solve puzzles and problems解决各种难题和问题secondary schooling for all全民中等教育grammar schools中学；文法学校a small number of independent foundation schools少数独立基金学校 the total child population of eleven-plus十一岁以上的儿童总数make some kind of selection进行某种选择academic examinations and tests学校考试和测验highly-academic primary schools教学质量较高的小学be based on scholastically-acquired knowledge以在校获得的知识为依据assess the general ability of any child评估孩子的一般能力within his range of competence and understanding在其能力和理解力的范围内pass on表达，转达take a sample of取...的样of particular importance特别重要with the exception of除了...之外be weighted in favour of对...有利place reliance on对...有利a wide variety of广泛多样的as a result of由于...的结果within the range of在...范围内LESSON 18The effectiveness of scientific research科研的有效性the general atmosphere of secrecy普遍的保密气氛the individual research worker个体研究人员in other departments of the same firm在同一公司的其它部门中 the degree of secrecy保密程度take out patents取得专利apply to chemical industries适用于化学工业chance discoveries偶然的发现the whole nature of the research研究工作的全部性质 obtain technical books from libraries向图书馆借技术书籍 have their names entered让人把他们的名字登记在册 take out such and such a book借出这种那种图书weigh heavily against对...极不利in so far as就...来说often enough往往with secrecy秘密地to such an extent that到如此程度以致for fear惟恐，以免carry out进行，实施be engaged in从事seek for寻求，追求，探索take out正式获得play a part in对...起作用such and such某某...be likely to很有可能干LESSON 19 In a professional way从职业角度来说cultivate hobbies培养种种爱好practise a vocation从事一项职业cast a fly垂钓，钓鱼in the diplomatic service在外交部门know nothing of political economy对政治经济学一窍不通respect learning尊重学问；尊重知识consider the wants of the customer考虑顾客的需要attend to technological development关注技术发展the necessity of large-scale production大规模生产的必要性method of production生产方法have a widespread nepotism in appointment在用人方面有广泛的裙带关系rely on mystic entity called ‘character’依赖一种称为...身份...的神秘东西one of the fundamental estates基本社会阶层之一 adjust himself to a new world适应一个崭新的世界 take every privilege as of right依法享有每一种特权 be relevant to social welfare与社会福利有关rather than而不是be devoted to热衷于as of right按绝对权利或法律not… so much as…与其说...倒不如说disbelieve in不相信range against针对take …as …把...看作be relevant to与...相关LESSON 20In the organization of industrial life在工业生活的组织中the physiological and mental state of workers工人的生理和心理状态 the maximum production at lowest cost以最低成本获取最高产量earn as much as possible赚取尽可能多的钱the true nature of the human beings人的本性run the machines操作机器give consideration to the effects on考虑对...的影响the artificial mode of existence那种人为的生存方式obtain the maximum income获取最大收入per square foot of ground每平方英尺地皮the construction of gigantic buildings高楼大厦的建造enjoy the comfort and luxury of their dwelling享受他们住宅的舒适与奢侈the necessities of life生活必需品full of petrol fumes, coal dust 充斥着汽油味、煤灰at lowest cost以最低成本give consideration to予以考虑large masses of大量的deprive…of剥夺（...的某物）as…as possible尽可能地with no regard for毫不顾及a way of living生活方式for the good of为了...的利益LESSON 21In the early days of the settlement在殖民初期natural enemies天敌overrun a whole continent在整个大陆泛滥成灾maintain millions of sheep and cattle维持数百万头羊和牲畜act as the carrier of this disease充当这种疾病的媒介pass it on to the rabbits把它传染给兔子spread the disease all over the continent把疾病扩散到整个大陆reduce the rabbit population减少兔子的总数develop a degree of resistance to this disease对该疾病产生一定程度的抵抗力acquire this man-made disease as a pestilence得这种人为的瘟疫病 get rid of the wild rabbits除掉这些野兔within the confines of his estate在他的庄园范围内a useful food supply一种有用的食物来源domesticated rabbits家兔the basis of a fur industry毛皮工业的基础let…loose释放，放出be susceptible to易患，易受...的影响LESSON 22Save drowning men拯救快要淹死的人push them to the surface把他们推到水面上i defensive formation以防御队形credit dolphins with any motive of life-saving相信海豚具有救生的动机 protect humans from sharks保护人类不受鲨鱼的伤害natural enemies天敌marine life海洋生物submit to all sorts of indignities忍受着种种屈辱raise a turtle to the surface把一只海龟顶到水面require two tortoises working together需要两只海龟通力协作recover one’s equilibrium恢复平衡point out指出，说明on the occasions when有时，当...时 for sport为了好玩upon such an occasion在这种情况下 be intrigued with对...感到新奇turn over把...翻过身来for dear life拼命地come along出现knock …flat把...撞倒credit…with认为...具有out of curiosity出于好奇work like beavers辛苦地drive…away把...赶走submit to屈从push up把...推上去swoop down猛地扑下all the way down一路向下give up放弃LESSON 23Go on for thousands of years持续数千年之久a matter of giving the body a rest使身体得到休息的问题 in terms of muscle relaxation就肌肉放松而言a brief period lying短暂躺一下a basic amount of movement一种基本的活动量during sleep在睡眠中prevent muscle inactivity防止肌肉休止a question of resting the body使身体得到休息的问题a plausible hypothesis一种合理的假设record the electrical activity of the brain记录脑电活动a change in the pattern of activity （脑）活动图形的变化the recording of eye-movement during sleep睡眠过程中眼球活动的纪录the average individual’s sleep cycle普通人的睡眠周期eye-movement sleep眼动期的睡眠show some personality disorder显示出一些性格紊乱现象 the disturbance of dreaming干扰做梦more or less或多或少，大概deal with涉及，关于at other times在别的时候to a degree在某种程度上be concerned with与...有关were it not for要不是be punctuated with被...打断on end连续不断地LESSON 24Walking for walking’s sake为散步而散步swing along the high road在公路上溜达swing over hill and dale翻山越谷partake of his adventure参与他的冒险活动power to instruct or to amuse言谈施教、妙语连珠的能力 take one out for a walk带一个人出去散步the ideas that come so thick and fast纷至沓来的思绪encyclopaedic knowledge渊博的知识play like summer lightning over犹如夏日闪电掠过...during the rest of the walk在剩余的散步时间内turn a sharp corner急转弯on the other side of the hedge树篱的另一侧 point at指着or so左右，大约at the foot of在...的脚下in due coursepartake of参与，分享play… over将...照在keep one’s eye on盯着看come thick and fast纷至沓来LESSON 25 Defy analysis难以分析the survival competition生存竞争live on prey靠猎物生存get its food with very little effort毫不费力地得到食物no more effort than one bite仅仅咬一口tussle with grown rabbits与成年兔子扭打a two-edged weapon一种双刃武器in the conversion of saliva into poison在唾液变成毒液的过程中 a fixed process一种固定的程序different in every respect from在各个方面都不同于act on the nerves作用于神经the nerve poison神经毒液。

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如何学好新概念英语??新人必读！！!方法类：史上最经典的新概念英语学习方法指导大全课本及讲解：新概念英语1-4册txt文本打包下载全套网友分享的书籍：超级情景背诵图-倒背如流新概念英语(1—3册共5本,全）练习及笔记:外研社新概念英语全四册练习详解电子书下载（新版的详解）新东方新概念英语系列：新东方新概念笔记词汇和语法：新概念英语全四册词汇详解(新概念英语（新版)自学辅导丛书）视听资源：新版新概念英语1—4册（英音+美音）[正版CD转MP3音质]扩展阅读：附: 如果你们在学习新概念英语的过程中有碰到词汇、语法、翻译等各种问题,欢迎大家在新概念英语版块发帖提问，版主将详细为您解答，不仅加分,还另附勋章一个哦! 赶紧提问去吧~ 点这里直接发帖：新概念英语论坛。

【导语】新概念英语⼀共144课。

整本书⽆论是语法还是词汇，题材还是语句，都有其出彩之处。

正是因为如此，新概念英语更是经久不衰，深受⼴⼤英语学习者的喜爱。

为您整理了语法解析及课后练习，希望可以帮助到您！　Lesson 5 Youth 学完Youth这篇课⽂，很多同学会觉得虽然⽂章⽂笔优美，论证逻辑尤为严密，但同时⼜会觉得奇怪：作为⼀个⽼年⼈，为什么作者⼏乎不惜⾛极端来褒奖年轻⼈，⽽把⽼年⼈说得⼀⽆是处？⼤家在了解了作者的⽣平以后就会打消这种疑问。

作者Fielden Hughes本⼈并没有⼤的名⽓。

他做过⼩学校长，做过战时的播⾳员，也进⾏过⽂学创作。

他之所以如此维护年轻⼈，很⼤程度上是由于他的⼉⼦David John Hughes。

David John Hughes是他的独⽣⼦，他对这个⼉⼦寄有很⼤的希望，⼀⼼想要让他上⽜津⼤学。

由于战争爆发，David John Hughes参加了英国皇家空军（RAF），暂时放弃了上⼤学的机会，但在战后他还是如愿上了⽜津⼤学。

David John Hughes没有辜负他⽗亲的期望，成为⼀名的⼩说家，在⽂坛上享有盛名。

Lesson 11 How to grow old 本⽂是新概念四最经典的课⽂之⼀，作者是20世纪最负盛名的⼤哲学家罗素（Bertrand Russell）。

罗素博学多才，在多个领域都有颇⾼的造诣。

作为⼀个哲学家，他的哲学领域也是⽆所不包：本体论、认识论、政治哲学、科学哲学等都在他的论述范围之内。

他的通俗哲学易于为⾮哲学专业的读者接受，其中最为的是《西⽅哲学史》。

罗素在数学领域的成就也令⼈瞩⽬，他与他⼈合著的《数学原理》（Principa Mathematica）被誉为“不朽之作”。

与⼀般⽂⼈不同的是，罗素有强烈的社会责任感，他经常参加社会活动（课⽂的插图就是罗素参加集会时的场景），提出⾃⼰的政治主张，就在去世前不久，罗素还在集会上发表了反对核武器扩散的演说。

Unit 1 This Year It's Going to Be Different New Year's resolutions are like anything else--you get out of them what you put in.Judging from results of other years,I had never put enough in,but this year was going to be different.I read books on self-improvement before I wrote my list.Find some beauty in everything...Make the other fellow feel important...About thirty like that.Pretty clearly,anyone who followed my collection of rules would be blessed with a richer life,boundless love from his family,and the admiration of the community.I could hardly wait until New Year's Day.When I came downstairs Maggie,my wife,was at the kitchen sink.I t iptoed over and kissed her on the back of the neck.(Resolution No.1:Be spontaneous in showing affection.)She shrieked and dropped a cup.“Don't ever sneak up on me like that again!”she cried.Unit 2 EnglishesOf course a scale of styles exists in all our use of English.Each of us works not just with one English but with many Englishes,and the wider the range of our life and the more various the contacts we have,the wider and suppler must be our command over a range of English styles,each of which we know how to use consistently.Aknowledge of several styles may be worse than useless if haphazardwe do not know when we are sliding from one to another.We do not say,“It was extremely gracious of you to invite me,Lady Jones,and I've had bags of fun,”because“bags of fun”does not mix with“extremely gracious”,and because to use an expressionlike“bags of fun,”we should need to know Lady Jones well enough to be addressing her by her first name.bags of fun can be It is not--we must never tire of insisting--that labelled“bad”or“slovenly”English,“alazysubstitute forthought”,“Bags of fun”is no more a lazy substitute for thought in itsappropriate setting than is“extremely gracious”in the setting that isthis expression.As we have seen repeatedly,it is the appropriate forheight of naivety to go round with a single yardstick,measuring English as“good”or “bad”.Take the opening suggested earlier for aninformal letter:“My dear Frank,it was awfully nice to get your note the other day.”Here are the words that would greatly please the receiver with their warmth and friendliness,yet they include awfullyget nice,three words which have been and condemned so ,often that many people cannot write them without having a slight feeling of guilt. They have been called “slovenly”andeven“meaningless”.Such an attitude is plainly ridiculous and can use of English.do nothing but harm to the goodSalvationUnit 3I was saved from sin when I was going on thirteen.But not really saved.It happened like this.There was a big revival at my Auntie Reed's church.Every night for weeks there had been much preaching,singing,praying,and shouting,and some very hardened sinners who had been brought to Christ,and the membership of the church had grown by leaps and bounds.Then just before the revival ended,they held a special meeting for children,“to bring the young lambs to the fold”.My aunt spoke it for days ahead.That night I was escorted to the front row and placed on the mourners' bench with all the other young sinners,who had not yet been brought to Jesus. My aunt told me that when you were saved you saw a light,andsomething happened to you inside!And Jesus came into yourlife!And God was with you from then on!She said you could see and hear and feel Jesus in your soul.I believed her.I have heard a great many old people say the same thing and it seemed to me they ought to know.So I sat there calmly in the hot,crowdedchurch,waiting for Jesus to come to me.The preacher preached a wonderful rhythmical sermon,all moans and shouts and lonely cries and dire pictures of hell,and then he sang a song about the ninety and nine safe in the fold,but one little lamb was left out in the cold.Then he said:“Won't you come?Won't you come to Jesus?Young lambs,won't you come?”And he held out his arms to all of us young sinners there on the mourners' bench.And the little girl cried.And some of them jumped up and went to Jesus right away.But most of us just sat there.Unit 4 Writing Between the LinesYou know you have to read“between the lines”to get the most out of anything.I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading.I want to persuade youto“write between the lines”.Unless you do,you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.I contend,quite bluntly,that marking up a book is not an act of mutilation but of love.There are two ways in which one can own a book.The first is the property right you establish by paying for it,just as you pay for clothes and furniture.But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself,and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.An illustration may make the point clear.You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own.But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream.I am arguing that books,too,must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.There are three kinds of book owners.The first has all the standard sets and best sellers--unread,untouched.The second has a great many books--a few of them read through,most of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought.(This person would probably like to make books his own,but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.)The third has a few books or many--every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated,shaken and loosened by continual use,marked and scribbled in from front to back.Unit 5 Network Designer--TimBerners-LeeWant to see how much the world has changed in the past decade?Log on to the Internet,launch a search engine and type in the word“enquire”（British spelling,please).You'll get about 30,000 hits.It turns out you can“enquire”about nearly anything online thesedays,fromusedHarleyDavidsonsforsaleinSydney,Australia(“Enquire about touring bikes,Click here!”),to computer-training-by-e-mail courses in India(“where excellence is not an act but a habit”).Click once to go to a site in Nairobi and enquire about booking shuttle reservations there.Click again,and zip off to Singapore,to a company that specializes in“pet moving.”Enquire about buying industrial-age nuts and boltsNewupstate from“the Bolt Boys”in South Africa,or teddy bears in York.Exotic cigar labels!Four-poster beds for dogs!So what,you say?Everybody knows that with a mouse,a modemand access to the Internet,these days you can point-and-click anywhere on the planet,unencumbered by time or space orlong-distance phone tariffs.Unit 6 Predators,Parasites and Other Relationships The living things in an ecosystem affect each other in many ways.The consumers that kill other animals for food are called predators.The word predator usually bring to mind pictures of lions and wolves,but such creatures as robins,frogs,and humans are also predators.Some predators,carnivores such as lions,depend entirely on animals they kill while many others,such as foxes and humans,eat plant food too.Some people think of predators as“bad”,though humans themselves are the greatest predators the world hasknown.Sometimes individual predators do prey upon farm animals,and these individuals have to be controlled.Toooften,however,people try to wipe out entire populations of predators,with the mistaken idea that they are doing good. People usually believe that predators have an easy time ofit,killing defenseless prey.But studies of predators and their prey Africa,Dr.Georgein tigers observing so.After isn't this that showSchaller wrote:“The tiger's seemingly unbeatable array ofweapons--its acute senses,great speed(but over short distances only),strength and size,and formidable claws and teeth--have given many naturalists the impression that the tiger can kill at will (I)estimate that,for every wild prey killed,the tiger makes twenty to thirty unsuccessful attempts.”Unit 7 A Sunrise on the VeldHe ran closer,and again stood still,stopped by a new fear.Around him the grass was whispering and alive.He looked wildly about,then down.The ground was black with ants,great energetic ants that took no notice of him,but hurried and scurried towards the fighting shape,like glistening black water flowing through the grass.And,as he drew in his breath and pity and terror seized him,the beast fell and the screaming stopped.Now he could hear nothing but one bird singing,and the sound of the rustling whispering ants. Unit 8 AntarcticaSeen from space,the astronauts tell us,the most distinctive feature of our planet is the ice sheet of Antarctica which“radiates light like a great white lantern across the bottom of the world.This ice sheet covers 5,500,000 square miles(an area greater than the United States and Central America combined);it averages more than theof cent per 90 than more contains ;it thickness in feet 7,000world's ice and snow,and if suddenly it melted the oceans would rise to such a height that every other person on earth would be drowned.Antarctica is in fact our planet's largest and most spectacular natural phenomenon.Yet 160 years ago no one had ever set eyes on this vast continent,let alone set foot on it;and even today man's tenure of it is unsure and his knowledge comparatively slight.To understand why,we need to appreciate the sort of place Antarctica is.People used to regard the Arctic and the Antarctic as much alike.In fact their differences outweigh their similarities.The Arctic is closely hemmed in by the populated landmasses of Europe,America and Asia;the Antarctic in contrast is in splendid isolation,divided from the nearest land by vast reaches of the most tempestuous seas on earth.Another big difference is the climate.We are so inclined to think of both the Arctic and Antarctic as cold,that we tend to forget how much colder the latter is.North of the Arctic Circle tens of thousands of families live in comfort all the year round;thousands of plants and animals are able to survive;hundreds of children are born every year.South of the Antarctic Circle,in contrast,there is no habitation that a man can describe as home;the only plants are a handful of mosses and lichens;the only landlife flies;no human childwingless are simply one-celled creatures andhas ever been born there.Unit 9 The PearlA town is a thing like a colonial animal.A town has a nervous system and a head and shoulders and feet.A town is a thing separate from all other towns,so that there are no two towns alike.And a town has a whole emotion.How news travels through a town is a mystery not easily to be solved.News seems to move faster than small boys can scramble and dart to tell it,faster than women can call it over the fences.Before Kino and Juana and the other fishers had come to Kino's brush house,the nerves of the town were pulsing and vibrating with the news--Kino had found the Pearl of the World.Before panting little boys could strangle out the words,their mother knew it.The news swept on past the brush house,and it washed in a f oaming wave into the town of stone and plaster.It came to the priest walking in his garden,and put a thoughtful look in his eyes and a memory of certain repairs necessary to the church.He wondered what the pearl would be worth.And he wondered whether he had baptized Kino's baby,or married him for that matter.The news came to the shopkeepers and they looked at men's clothes that had not sold so well.The news came to the doctor where he sat with a woman whoseillness was age,though neither she nor the doctor would admitit.And when it was made plain who Kino was,the doctor grew stern and judicious at the same time.“He is a client of mine,”the doctor said.“I am treating his child for a scorpion sting.”And the doctor's eyes rolled up a little in their fat hammocks and he thought of Paris.He remembered the room he had lived in there as a great and luxurious place.The doctor looked past his aged patient and saw himself sitting in a restaurant in Paris and a waiter was just opening a bottle of wine.Unit 10 From Composer to Interpreter to Listener What do we listen for when we listen to a composer?He need not tell us a story like the novelist; he need not“copy”nature like the sculptor; his work need have no immediate practical function like the architect's drawing.What is it that he gives us,then?Only one answer seems possible to me:He gives us himself.Every artist's work is,of course,an expression of himself,but none so direct as that of thecreativemusician.Hegivesus,withoutrelationtoexterior“event”,the quintessential part of himself--that part which embodies the fullest and deepest expression of himself as a man and of his experience as a fellow being.Always remember that when you listen to a composer's creation ownhis individual,with particular a man,to a to listening are you special personality.It may be of greater or lesser importance,but,in the case of significant music,it will always mirror that personality.No composer can write into his music a value that he does not possess as a man.His character may be streaked with human frailties--like Lully's or Wagner's,for example--but whatever is fine in his music will come from whatever is fine in him as a man.。

[Saavedro背诵新概念4系列一]背诵新概念4之我看最近自己在背新概念4（NEC 4）。

新概念4一共有48课（97新版新概念），这48课分为数个单元，每个单元文章长度都所有增加，按照原作者亚历山大的说明，每个单元也都有不同的训练目标。

在这里这些暂且不论，我主要想谈谈我为什么要选择背新概念4和究竟以什么方法才能够将背诵的痛苦降低到最低，同时又能高效的背诵完新概念4。

众所周知，新概念4（Fluency in English）是新概念教材系列里最后，也是最难得一个阶段。

一般国内学习新概念的人大都集中在以新概念2或者新概念3开始，而学习到新概念4的人一般都以要在未来一段时期应对某些高难度考试，例如：，TOEFL，国内的英语专业八级，考研英语等等。

然而殊途同归，之所以要选择新概念4作为学习材料，无非是因为这套教材确实是很完美的，并且极为权威，所以这套教材极为收到各类高级考试考生所尊奉。

我本人曾经做过一段时期的出国考试培训师，自己也曾向学生推荐过这套教材。

然而时至今日，我才真正的领悟到新概念4价值的真谛。

在完成了今天的背诵任务后，我心潮澎湃的来写下我的心得和感受以荐后人。

由于我还没有完全背完这本书，所以在这里不敢写下太多的还尚未经过自身证实的东西，但我打算从两个方面入手阐述下自己开始决定从背新概念4，迄今为止的两个最大的感触和感受。

第一：为什么要选择背诵新概念4？和TOEFL早就考完了，都快要飞跃了，这不是瞎折腾吗？？？搞什么搞的~~~答：首先我在这里澄清一点，我之所以选择要坚持背熟新概念4，绝对不是出于瞎折腾或吃饱了撑的而考虑的，而却是因为真正的需要客观的存在以另我必须要选择坚持把新概念4背熟。

那么究竟是什么需要呢？我想这可能就是因我自己的个人人生理想所决定的了，同时也是美国“市场”的需要。

而这两点就决定了我必须要认真的坚持把新概念4背熟。

关于前者我在这里不多说了，而后者恰恰是客观存在的事实。

虽然眼下没多久就要飞跃美利坚继续读M.S--以完成自己本专业的学业。

英语专业学生背新概念4New Concept English Book 4 for English Major StudentsIntroduction:As an English major student, it is crucial to have a good command of the English language. One of the essential learning resources in this journey is the New Concept English series. Among the series, New Concept English Book 4 holds great importance for English major students. In this article, we will explore the significance of this book and how it aids English major students in their language learning journey.Relevance to English Major Students:1. Reading Comprehension: New Concept English Book 4 offers a wide range of reading passages that cover various topics, ranging from literature to science and technology. These passages are designed to enhance English major students' reading comprehension abilities and expose them to new vocabulary.2. Vocabulary Building: New Concept English Book 4 introduces a plethora of new words and idiomatic expressions. For English major students, expanding their vocabulary is crucial to understanding complex texts and articulating their ideas effectively. This book provides a structured approach to learning new vocabulary and boosts students' word power.3. Grammar Consolidation: Book 4 focuses on advanced grammar points, which are essential for English major students. Mastering complex grammar structures is vital for accurate written and spoken English. The bookprovides clear explanations and numerous examples, enabling students to internalize these grammar rules effectively.4. Writing Skills Development: English major students need to develop strong writing skills for academic and professional purposes. New Concept English Book 4 includes a section on writing tasks, which allows students to practice various forms of writing, such as formal letters, essays, and reports. Through these exercises, students refine their writing style, grammar usage, and vocabulary.5. Test Preparation: As English major students often need to take language proficiency exams, New Concept English Book 4 offers valuable test preparation resources. The book includes mock tests at the end of each unit, enabling students to familiarize themselves with the exam format and practice under time constraints. This ensures students are well-prepared and confident when facing real exams.Benefits of Using New Concept English Book 4:1. Comprehensive Content: The book covers a wide range of language skills, including reading, listening, speaking, and writing. English major students can utilize this book as a comprehensive resource to enhance their language proficiency in all areas.2. Structured Learning Approach: New Concept English Book 4 followsa logical progression, ensuring that students build upon their existing knowledge. The book starts with simpler topics and gradually introduces more complex concepts and language structures. This allows students to grasp each concept before moving on to the next.3. Engaging and Authentic Materials: The reading passages in Book 4 are carefully selected to pique students' interest and expose them to real-life situations. This authenticity enhances students' language learning experience by providing relevant and meaningful content.4. Self-paced Learning: New Concept English Book 4 is designed for self-study, allowing English major students to learn at their own pace. The book includes answer keys and explanations, facilitating independent learning and self-assessment.Conclusion:New Concept English Book 4 plays a vital role in the language learning journey of English major students. With its comprehensive content, structured approach, and authentic materials, the book equips students with essential language skills, enhances their vocabulary, solidifies their grammar foundations, and prepares them for language proficiency exams. English major students should embrace this valuable resource to excel in their studies and future careers.。

Lesson 11.inscription on turtle shells 甲骨文bamboo slips 竹筒fresco 壁画2.fossil fuel 化石燃料3.Don't be obsessed with brother.I'm just a legend 不要迷恋哥。

哥只是个传说4.rural labourer =migrant worker 民工migratory bird 候鸟5.have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食6.illiterate 文盲7.make A of B 可看出make A from B 不可看出8.none of+可数名词+is/are 数量 How many people are there in the room --noneno one +is 谁 Who is in the room -- no one9.经典分分享纽约深受暴力之害 Unchecked violence has already dulled the luster of the Big Apple.The daunting task before its leaders is to prevent it from rotting to the core.Lesson 21.spare tyre 备胎，肉肚=love handles=beer belly=muffin-top（贬义）2.the table of contents 目录3.pains-taking farmers 辛苦的农民4.写作顺序词first,firstly,to start with,to begin withnext,then,what's more,moreover,in additionlast but not least5.I haven't the least idea 根本不知道I haven't the remotest idea where to start with.我根本没办法知道从何开始6.经典分享If you want to live and thrive,let a spider run alive 想过好莫杀生Lesson 31.The Everest 珠穆朗玛峰2.bed-ridden 卧床不起3.try to do 努力尝试try doing 小试4.This is the case 事实就是这样5.as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗6.a six-part meeting 六方会谈7.except for 指出不如人意的地方 +名词8.经典分享电影vertical limitLesson 41.extra-sensory perception 超感官知觉psychometry 接触感应clairvoyance 千里眼telepathy 心灵感应precognition 预知photographic memory 过目不忘2.saft and sound 平安无事3.a safe breaker 撬保险箱的人Better safe than sorry 稳妥比后悔好Better late than never 晚做比不做好4.opaque glass 毛玻璃5.see through 看穿，识破，干完，帮助某人6.Britain's Got Talent 英国达人秀7.She left immediately she finished her job 一…就=hardly/rarely/scarcely…when8.经典分享美剧超人英雄Lesson 51.ask for leave 请假take leave to do 擅自2.have a commitment to 信奉make a commitment to 承诺commit suicide 自杀be committed to doing 决心致力于3.stupid = silly 笨fatuous=ridiculous 愚蠢slow 迟钝4.问题就是That is where the rub isThat is where the problem isThat is the rubThere is the rubThere lies the rubThe rub lies in5.to be done过去不真实的情况意外之事导致结果代替宾语从句6.虚拟语气He acts as if he knew me7.经典分享Never tell a young person that anything cannot be done.God may have beeb waiting centuries for someone ignorant enough of the impossible to do that very thing.—G.M.TrevelyanLesson 61.have no inclination to 不愿做2.black sheep 害群之马3.meet each other 两者meet one other 三者4.nearly 只用于肯定句almost 可用于肯定和否定5.pick up 捡起，接，学会，抱起，爬起6.I will not go unless (I am) invited.be动词才可省7.经典分享Talent wins games,but teamwork and intelligence win championships.—乔丹Lesson 71.obstacle=obstruction 实在的和抽象的障碍barrier 阻塞出入的（栅栏）block 阻塞所有通道的障碍 I had a mental block when I tried to remember my password.脑袋塞住了2.in the vicinity = near3.a shoal of fish = a school of fish 一群鱼a group of people 一群人a swarm of ants 一群蚂蚁a litter of pigs 一窝猪4.部分否定Not all bamboo grows tall=All bamboo doesn't grows tallBoth the windows are not open 窗户不都开着Not every book is educative=Every book is not educativeentirely，altogether，completely，quite完全的词加not表部分否定完全否定用对应的全否定词no,none,neither,no one,neverAll of them can do it - None of them can do itBoth are good - Neither is goodEverybody likes it - Nobody likes itHe is always late - He is never late5.经典分享Brain-twister=Brain-teaser 脑筋急转弯Q：What kind of animal is well educated?A: Fish.Because they go around in schoolsLesson 81.We were slaughtered,55 to 112 我们被宰了（大比分落后）2.keep fit 保持健康fit as a fiddle 非常健康be fit for doing 适合做3.hit the nail on the head 一针见血4.I think the money I have right now will do for the following 2 weeks.do 足够解决问题5.直接引语改间接引语now-thenago-beforetoday-that daytomorrow-the next day;the following dayyesterday-the day before;the previous daythe day before yesterday-two days before6.经典分享乐队 Electrocute的On the beatLesson 91.Casual Friday=Casual Day 便装日2.uni- uniform 制服 mono- monologue 独白bi- bicycle 自行车tri- tricycle 三轮车3.The Netherland 荷兰go Dutch AA制=a Dutch date/treatDutch courage 酒后之勇a Dutch bargain 酒席上的（不公平）交易talk like a Dutch uncle 不留情面的批评4.经典分享I come,I see,I conquer—CaesarLesson 101.a customized car 定制汽车2.He said to us,"Are you going away today?"=He asked us whether we were going away that day."What have you done?"he asked.=He asked what I had done.陈述语序3.经典分享Your time is limited.So don't waste it living someone else's life.Don't be trapped by dogma,which is living with the results of other people's thinking.Don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice.And most important:have the courage to follow your heart and intuition.They somehow already know what your truly want tobecome.Everything else is secondary.Lesson 111.Do you see a justification for XXX 有正当理由2.cheat on 对XX不忠cheat sb of 骗走某人的3.play a vital role in 至关重要的角色vital statistics 三围 bust waist hip4.be weary of 对XX厌倦5.at the idea of 一想到=in the thought ofat the sight of 一看到6.metaphor 暗喻simile 明喻euphemism 委婉语7.委婉语die死pass away，fall asleep，be no more，breathe one's last breath，sleep the final sleep，go to a better world，go to sleep forever，go west，kick the bucketold老人senior citizen,elderly people,people in advanced years,feel one's age养老院a rest home,a nursing home8.经典分享On Education论教育I will take four characteristics which seem to me jointly to form the basis of an ideal character:vitality,courage,sensitiveness,and intelligence.I do not suggest that this list is complete,but I think it carries us a good way.Moreover I firmly believe that,by proper physical,emotional,and intellectual care of the young,these qualities could all be made very common——Bertrand Russell Lesson 121.accont 账户 open a bank accountcurrent account=checking account 活期账户deposit account=savings account 定期账户withdraw 取钱ATM=automated teller machine 自动柜员机 =cash machineteller 出纳员2.in cash 现金支付 by credit card/by a check3.have an obligatin to do=be under an obligation to do 有义务=feel oblige to do4.debit card借记卡5.take a blood specimen 采血样6.带to的间接引语She sain,"Remember to switch off all the lights."——She reminded me to switch off all the lights."Don't make a mess."she said to him——She told him not to make a mess,祈使句He said,"Wait for me."——He said I was to wait for him.why后不可加to7.经典分享Saving Money in Plain English——CommoncraftLesson 131.haul=hoist=lift=raise 拉2.blood circulation 血液循环3.Draw a circle which is 3centimeters in diameter 直径3厘米的元4.make every endeavour to do 非常努力做5.时常 every so often=every now and again=now and again=every once in a while6.avoid doing 避免7.on credit 赊账8.less的用法More haste,less speed 欲速则不达less than 更少 He was less than enthusiastic 一点也不热情less than no time 马上more or less差不多any the less 更少一点 Even though he did that，I did not believe him any the less.我还是相信他much/still less 更不要说=let alone I don't think David would read a book,mich less write one.any more than 和…同样no more than 仅仅9.经典分享At the age of 23,I was a millionaire and retired.Two years later I came out of retirement.A man in his twenties who has known what it is to work can drink only so much champagne and paint the town red only so many times before he wakes up to realize that he is wasting time and energy on meaningless things.——Paul Getty(1892-1976)Formula for success:rise early,work hard,strike oilLesson 141.民谣 For want of 缺少For want of a nail the shoe was lost.For want of a shoe the horse was lost.For want of a horse the rider was lost.For want of a rider the battle was lost.For want of a battle the kingdom was lost.And all for the want of a horseshoe nail.2.foresee 预见 foretell 预知forearm 前臂 forehead 额头forefather 父辈 foresight 远见foreground 前景 foreshadow 预兆3.speculate on/about 推测4.humid 天气湿damp 物，房间湿moist 湿得舒服 moisturizer 润肤膏5.suppose的用法I suppose soI don't suppose 我不认为Do you suppose 你认为be supposed to 应该，广泛认为6.check out 结账离开7.经典分享电影《蝴蝶效应》Lesson 151.keep a secret 保密=hold my tongue about=button up my lip=This is only between you and me=This can never go out of this roomreveal the secret 泄密=let the secret out=let the cat out of the bag2.patent on/for 专利apply for/take out a patent 申请专利3.weigh against 不利于（不能用被动）4.so/as far as 就…而言in so far as 语气更强（不可用as）so far from 非但不…反而5.consider 考虑considerate 体贴，周到considerable 相当大6.of+形容词+nature 有XX的性质7.Mr. so and so 某某先生such and such a day 某某天8.分词fallen leave 落下了的叶子（表完成）9.经典分享Three can keep a secrt,if two of them are dead——Benjamin Franklin Lesson 161.The Oriental Pearl TV Tower 东方明珠电视塔Jin Mao Building 金茂大厦the bund 外滩2.double-edged sword 双刃剑3.maximum speed 限速 mph=miles per hour4.give full consideration to 进行充分考虑take XX into consideration 考虑在内5.impose sth on sb 强加6.deprive sb of sth 剥夺7.be thronged with 某地被挤满8.have influence of XX upon/on XX XX对XX有影响9.neglect 疏忽overlook 粗心ignore 故意的10.deny sb sth 不让某人拥有某物11.disposable chopsticks 一次性筷子12.while 的用法让步比although轻While I admit that problems are difficult,I do not agree that they can't be solved.13.经典分享Cities force growth,and make men talkative and entertaining,but they make them artificial——by Ralph Waldo EmersonLesson 171.car park 停车场2.be overrun with/by 被蔓延3.be susceptible to 易受感染的4.a slight/mild/severe infectin in the lung 感染5.on account of 由于6.do damage to 损坏7.pass on to sb 传给8.So that he could be heard in every room.John spoke through a microphone.表目的7.经典分享Resident Evil 生化危机Lesson 181.a mariner barracks 海军陆战队的营房navy 中国海军2.knock sb unconscious 使失去意识3.in the ensuing years 接下来的几年ensue from 由XX产生come after 接着发生on the heels of 接踵而至4.You've intrigued me!Tell me more!吊胃口be intrigued with 有兴趣5.in attacking formation 进攻队形6.credit sb with 相信XX有能力7.先行词为不定代词anything 后只接that不可用which8.无动词的独立结构He went off,(his)gun in hand.主语可省限定词He went off,(with his)gun in hand.可加with独立主格多用于正式9.经典分享电影The cove海豚湾Lesson 191.speculation about/on 对XX的猜测2.blow one's nose 擤鼻涕3.punctuate A with B 用B打断A4.XX is not a matter of 不是XX方面的事5.self-seeking 唯利是图self-supporting 自力更生6.continuous 连续的continual 频繁的7.were it not for two factors=if it were not for 省if，把be提前8.while比but的转折多了对比的意思9.强调句It may have been John who gave Mary a handbag.be可变形式区分先行词itIt is surprising that Mary won the first place.去it is…that 句子不完整10.经典分享I Have A Dream——Martin Luther KingLesson 201.sit up 熬夜2.indigestion 消化不良Reader's Digest 读者文摘、3.The beauty of the scene defied description.美得无法形容4.convert A into B 转变5.让步状语倒装KIng as he was,he was unhappy.省冠词Object as you may,I'll goTired as he was,he sat up late studying at night.(让步)Tired as he was,he went to bed early.(因果)6.经典分享Marriage:putting one's hand into a bag of snakes on the chance of drawing out an eel——Leonardo da VinciLesson 211.the supreme court 最高法院a matter of vital/supreme inportance 最重要的2.set sb up 栽赃3.encroach on/upon 侵占4.in bewilderment 手足无措5.please do take care of yourself 请一定要好好照顾自己6.I wish you had told me though 尽管，然而7.经典推荐Into The West 西部风云Lesson 221.loom up/out/above 赫然耸起loom large 显然突出pound noun 复合词compound sentence 复合句compound interest 复合利息3.as is known to all 众所周知非限定性定语从句as可句首，which不可as后必须为系动词4.经典分享德国哲学家叔本华Arthur Schopenhauer:As the biggest library if it is in disorder is not as useful as a small but well-arranged one,so you may accumate a vast amount of knowledge but it will be of far less value to you than a much smaller amount if you have not thought it over for yourself Lesson 231.sb be endowed with sth 赋予confer on 授予bestow on 授予2.wish 的用法wish sb sth 祝福I wish you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!wish +从句表虚拟I wish that I could afford a car.用could/should/wouldI wish I didn't have to go to work today.用过去时I wish! 但愿 You wish! 想得美3.虚拟语气与现在相反从句:If+主语+过去时(be用were)主句:主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:If I were you,I would study English.与过去相反从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:If I had got there earlier,I should have met her.与将来相反从句:If+主语+were to doIf+主语+should doIf+主语+过去时(be用were)主句:主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:If she were to be here tomorrow,I would talk to her.If he should come tomorrow,I would talk to him.If it were snow tomorrow,I would not go to school.wish后的虚拟同if从句，将来的虚拟should/would+do4.经典分享The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《老水手之歌》——英国著名诗人S.T.Coleridge5.so that+从句so as to+不定式Lesson 241.it is an undeniable fact that XX是不可否认的事实 =indisputableNowadays,it is an undeniable fact that crime is increasing.2.invest A whth B 将B赋予A3.经典分享Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder.——H.G.Wells 情人眼里出西施Beauty is only skin deep.——Thomas Overbury 美是浮浅的17世纪初诗人Lesson 24.51.a flash in the pan 昙花一现（淘金）2.serve as 担当，起…作用3.stand a chance 有希望Lesson 251.make a plea for sth 祈求2.make a diagnosis of 诊断diagnose sb with 诊断为diagnose sth as 诊断为3.most前有the才是最高级4.heating bill 暖气费5.hit/grab/make the headlines 成为头条6.blacken one's name/image/reputation 抹黑=slander=defame=slurpersecute=abuse=maltreat=brutalize=ill-treat 虐待7.be cautious about doing 谨慎8.yet的用法a.否定句和疑问句——询问是否做了I haven't asked him yet.还Has Jack arrived yet? 已经b.否定句You can't give up yet! 还c.强调更加——yet more/bigger/higherThere's yet abother reason why I can't go.还She made a yet more terrible mistake.更She drew a yet bigger circle.更d.表转折Ken was a criminal,yet many people admired him.然而a story that is strange yet true.e.口语中多放于句末I don't know whether she'll come yetf.在don't,hasn't后，或在why,whether前They don't yet know the full facts.I haven't decided yet whether to take part in the competition.g.书面语中放于not后,不在句尾We don't yet have a solution to this problem.9.作文Most people in this modern world have grown accustomed to living and working against a background of noise,almost constant noise.In the street there is the noise of traffic-engine noises,car alarms,the screeching of tyres and brakes,in factories there is the continual drumming of machines of all kinds,and in the office there is the noise of office equipment-the tap-tap-tap of computer keyboard keys,the ringing of telephones,fax machines and so on.Even in home,where labour-saving devices have made life so much easier for many people,some of the comfort has been at the expense of noise-vacuum cleaner s,washing machines,dishwashers and air extractors;they all make a noise even if manufacturers try to tell us sometimes that their machines are 'slient'!And even in the countryside,or in your own back garden in the city,there are always aeroplanes overhead - large passenger jet aircraft,helicopters,and even,sometimes,military jet aircraft.In our modern industrial society,hardly anywhere is free from noise.In towns and cities,particularly,the problem bas become acute.And yet people have learned to live against this background and do not seem to be affected.Indeed,some people have learned to live against this background and do not seem to affeted.Indeed,some people even seem to require noise as a necessary environment in which to work:'muzak'in the workplace,in shops,in hotels is a perfect example of the need for 'noise',for that is all 'muzak'is.We seem to be helpless to do abything about recucing noise in this modern world and many have come to accept it as one of the more unpleasant features of modern civilization.And although few of us complain about it ,this is one of the main reasons that people give for going to an island,the countryside,the hills or the mountains for the weekend,or for their annual holiday-'To get away from everything,especially the noise'.10.经典分享He who establishes his argument by noise and command,shows that his reason is weak.——Michel de Montaigne 蒙恬，法国文艺复兴时期著名作家You don't have to be noisy to be effective.——Philip Crosby 美国商人兼作家Lesson 261.amber 琥珀mummy 木乃伊 embalming防腐 balm 香油 lip-balm 润唇膏2.fruit preserve 果酱，水果制品3.deposit saveing 定期账户a layer of soil 一层泥4.scavenger 食腐动物 vulture 秃鹫，贪婪的人carnivore 食肉动物，凶猛的人herbivore 食草动物，温顺insect-eating animal 食虫动物，聪明5.cat carcass 猫的尸体6.sabre-toothed 剑齿的eagle-eyed 目光敏锐的eagle-nosed 鹰钩鼻money-minded 一心想着钱的dog-eared 书角卷起来的7.venture to do 小心翼翼地He ventured out when night falls 他在晚上出去冒险8.be bogged (down) in 陷入9.It is Uncle Bill whose telephone number I lost. 所有格强调句10.the like 类似的东西=such likeFirst class travel is not for the like of us11.in proportion to 与…成正比例的12.live by 以…为生13.whether they be = be they 虚拟语气的让步状语从句14.for的用法be all for sth 支持做 I'm all for freedom.be in for it 被责怪 You'll be in for it if she finds out what you've done! 15.作文People find it difficult to resist the fascination of a natural history museum where the skeletons and fossils of extinct forms of life are on display.It is this fascination,too,felt by so many people,that attracts them to adventure stories like The Lost World or films like Jurassic Park.What sorts of things can one see in a natural history museum?The remains of animals that existed in prehistoric times.Sometimes we can see just parts of a creature,sometimes we can see just parts of a creature,sometimes the whole skeleton.There are reptiles,dinosaurs and tyrannosaurs.There are pterodactyls,the horrific-looking creatures with long,tooth-filled beaks,which were the ancestors of our present-day birds.Therefare the remains offish,small and large,especially early sharks,and there are fossilized crustaceans.There are the remains of our own ancestor,early man such as Neanderthal man.Museums also display the remains of animals which have become extinct relatively recently,like the flightless bird called the dodo.It is sad to think that the dodo only necame extinct about three hundred years ago,and would probably not have become extinct if Europeans had not hunted it on its native island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.How many more forms of animal life are in danger of becoming extinct today that our children will only see in museums?And then of course there are those creatures which have been called 'living fossils'-primitive forms of life which came into being millions of years ago and wich have surprisingly survived,apparently without developing greatly.Examples are the coelacanth(the fish that was first discovered earlier in the twentieth century)and the duck-billed platypus in Australia.16.经典推荐Jurassic Park 侏罗纪公园Lesson 271.flagship store 旗舰店2.hurricane 飓风（大西洋）typhoon 台风（太平洋）tornado 龙卷风3.Yangtze River 扬子江，长江4.ablaze with sth 闪耀，五光十色5.freshen up 使崭新，加满饮料，洗手和脸使面貌一新6.frame up 栽赃陷害be fed up with 厌倦7.she 代指包容孕育其他事物的东西如the earth，river8.at the height of 在…的高度，在…鼎盛时期9.intend sb to do 打算让某人做10.fortune teller 算命先生11.week in week out 一周又一周12.spread her sails 扬帆起航catch the wind 乘风前进13.There are not stops on the run to the coast 去海边的道路上没有车站The exhibition is housed in the building.展览坐落于这个建筑14.The teacher nodded in reply.老师点头作为回答15.fate 宿命 seal one's fate 给人带来不能逃脱的厄运destiny 天命（好的）doom 厄运16.there+arise,come,exist,rise,go,lie,live,remain,seem,stand,etcOnce upon a time there lived a beautiful princess…There came the crack of a shot17.However,I don't agree with it——中式英语I,however,don't agree with it——英式英语18.作文When a ship sank in the past,there were extreme difficulties in savaging the wreck.Quite clearly that was true of a ship that sank in very deep water and indeed it still is.But even if a ship sank in relatively shallow water ,in a harbour,for example,there was very little hope of recovering any lost treasure or indeed of recovering anything else from the wreck.In most cases,even bodies of men who went down tith the ship would remain in it.Modern diving techniques,of course,have made salvaging far less difficult.A shipreck can be discovered and in vestigated by sonar,and skin divers can go down and investigate the wreck before any serious salvage work is begun.The same modern diving techniques have also meant that hunting for treasure can be carried out not only by experts but also by amateurs.So quite a lot of amateur divers spend their weekends and holidaysdiving for"treasure".What kinf of treasure can be recovered?And where from?Not surprisingly there are shipwrecks all around the coast of Great Britain and other island in the world.The Mediterranean Sea,too,is an excellent hunting ground for salvagers and treasure hunters.Many of the Roman and Greek ships at the bottom of the Sea are full of works of art.The sea off the coast of Florida and around the Bahamas is another hunting ground,this time for gold from Spanish galleons.Many shipwrecks,of course,do not contain treasure in terms ofgold,silver,jewels or works of art.But they all contain another kinkd of'treasure':they contain the seapons used on ships(the cannon,swords,and so on),everyday artcles of clothing(shoes,leather belts,etc.)and items of everyday use(plates,bottles,etc.).All of these'teeasures' teach us a great deal about the history of the time.19.经典分享RMS Titanic=royal mail steamship Titanic Titan 泰坦神Lesson 281.be sceptical about/of 怀疑2.fervent fans/admirers 热情的粉丝3.curative 治病 cure-：take careaccurate 准确 ac-/ad- =to docurious 好奇manicure 美甲 mani- =hands 手security 安全 se- =free from4.fly in the ointment 药膏中的苍蝇，美中不足5.OTC=over the counter drugs 非处方药Px：recipe 处方6.show signs of 有迹象7.too … to 太…而不能only too …to 非常…去做 only to 却，不料I'm too glad to come. 我太高兴而不能来I'm only too glad to come.我非常高兴能来8.owing to 由于9.work 起作用work against 起反作用10.make demands on sb 要求XX做某事11.More haste,less speed.欲速则不达12.At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapon.中国不会首先使用核武器13.作文Everyone in society should have the right to a full and free health service and no one should have the right to buy good health care.If all working adults pay taxes,then they,their children and their parents should expect free medical service,at a doctor's surgery or at a hospital,a free emergency ambulance service,and at least free dental treatment.It has often been said that public health service is expensive to run and that it is offten abused.While it is expensive to run,and it is,like many social services,open to abuse,it seems nevertheless to be one of the things that a modern society must offer its citizens.There is of course one major problem,and that is the cost of the people who work in it-the doctors,nurses,surgeons,dentists and administrative staff.Such people often complain that they do not receive the wages or salaries that they could earn in the world of private medical care or in a totally different profession.And because a healthy service,like other public services,is run on government lines,bureaucracy often creeps in so that the administration can cost more than the medical services and treatment.Does a public health service work in all countries?No,it doesn't.There are countries where a public health service seems to be an impossibility:America is a perfect example.On the other hand,there are a number of countries in the world which have successful,or moderately successful public health services,for example Sweden,Britain and Israel.Even in a country like Britain,however,there is also a world of private medicine that people can doin if they can afford it.Apublic health service is an excellent idea,but no one should be forced to join it.14.经典分享纪录片SickoMichael Moore 导演15.remain of 保留（不及物动词）After the fire, very little remained of his house.Lesson 291.hovercraft 全垫式气垫船Surface Effect Ships，SES 侧壁式气垫船2.cushion from/against 保护cushion the blow 缓存打击3.onion ring 洋葱圈a rubber ring 救生圈give sb a ring 打电话a ring at the door 门铃have a familiar ring 听上去很熟悉ring-shaped 环形的ring a bell 听起来耳熟be ringed with 被…包围4.cause/create a sensation 引起轰动5.former classmate 老同学former husband 前夫=ex-husband6.组合介词in between 介于from among 从中from under 来自下面 She took out an envelop from under the pillow.in front of 在前面up to 上升到达7.To see is to believe 眼见为实8.Cheers!干杯 =Bottoms up！底露出了9.a.接数字no more than 仅仅，只有not more that 不超过，至多There are no more than fifteen eggs in the basket. 只有15个鸡蛋（=15个）There are not more than fifteen eggs in the basket.至多15个鸡蛋（小于等于15个）b.用于比较This story is no more interesting than that one. 也不比那个有趣（都不有趣）This sorty is not more interesting than that one.这个没那个有趣（那个更有趣）10.作文The twentieth century has seen greater developments in forms of transport than at any other time in the history of this planet.Because of modern methods of transport,the world has become a smaller place and people cannow travel from one place to another almost anywhere in the world with speed and in comfort.For many people in the world,the best way to travel long distances is by air.Air travel by jet aeroplane is no longer a luxury.Even helicopters,once almost exclusively used by the armed services,are now being used more and more comercially,especially for short internal flights.And we can look forward to rocket tracel in the nest century - or flying in a craft like the space shuttle that will circumnavigate the earth almost in minutes.For those who travel by see,to,there has beeb progress.Ocean liners are popular,especially for luxury holidays,but so too are the hydrofoil and the hovercraft for use over comparatively short distances.On land,we can now travel by car,by coach or by train.The byilding of motormay networks has meant that we can get to our destination by car or coach much faster than we have ever done.And the development of electric trains and new tailway networks has also improved rail travel in many countries.Will these,and motorway networks,become redundant with the development of new forms of transport?Sadly,of all the modern means of transport,the car is creating the most problems as it is causing serious congestion in cities.No satisfactory solution to this problem has yet been found,although,if the car is replaced by a different form of personal transport,perhaps the problem will simply go away.万能开篇句OUr society has seen greater developments than any other societies in the history of this planet.11.经典分享Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明之母12.not any more than 和…同样都不Lesson 301.nausea 恶心，晕船astronaut 宇航员navigation system 导航系统2.on an expedition 去远征3.very important=of great importance=of such magnifude 很重要4.rugged good looks 饱经沧桑的美5.give a thought to 想6.at the disposal of 交由…支配=in charge of7.be worthy of 值得it is worthwhile 值得8.a burst of applause 一阵掌声y 铺设，放下，鸡下蛋 —— laid，laidlie 躺下，位于 ——lay，lain10.tailing off 愈来愈少 The performance was over with the sound of applause tailing off.11.作文The twentieth centyry has seen greater progress in many fields than in any other period in history.While we have certainly exploited a lot of land,we have still not explored all the land above sea leval.So it is not surprising that very little of the seabed has been explored.Indeed,the intensive study of the sea and the sea-bed is comparatively recent.And since the sea accounts for a very large percentage of the earth's surface,perhaps we should be spending much more time and more money on studying it in detail.The sea itself is a tremendous source of power.We have only just begun harnessing the tides to provide electricity,but the evergu is there just waiting to be used.The tides and waves contain vast amounts of energy which we must be able to use.The sea is a source of food,too,of couse.Men have taken fish form the sea for thousands of years,but it is only now that plankton is being seen as a source of protein to feed the growing world population.And the whole idea of 'cultivating' the seabed is actively being investigated.As a source of wealth,the sea has already beun to be exploited,but only in the past few years.We can now obtain minerals from the sea,and take fossil fuels from it,as in the North Sea,where oil and gas are both being extracted from under the sea.Following the pioneer work of the French underwater explorer and marine biologist,Jacques Cousteau,perhaps the time will come when we will set up permanent villages under the sea,or even towns and cities that people can live in.If that ever happens,we will certainly be using the sea to its greatst prtential.12.经典分享纪录片《海洋》——Oceans法国导演雅克*贝汉 2009年。

Lesson 16 单词讲解1. physiologicalMany people often mix the spell of three words: phycology,physiology and Psychology.很多人经常混淆“藻类学”和“生理学”“心理学”这三个单词的拼法2. maximumThe plant is operating at maximum capacity.maximum amount/number例: Work out the maximum amount you can afford to spend.The award will consist of a lump sum to a maximum value of $5000.maximum sentence/penalty/fine3. descendantWe pride ourselves as being the descendants of the Emperor Yan and the Emperor Huang.『寻根』Scent---climb爬1) I ascended the stairs. 我爬楼梯。

2) He would not condescend to answer such asuperfluous question. 他可不愿屈尊多问点问题。

3) The teacher asked his students to write the alphabetboth in descending order and ascending order.老师让学生把字母按降序、升序的原则各写一遍。

4. imposeMy job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves.我是个警员，工作任务就是给那些拒绝、或是根本不懂责任的人施加责任感。

1uneasinessn.焦虑，担心; 局促; 不安; 拘束fossil man (title) adj. 化石人recountv. 叙述saga ['sɑːgə] n. 英雄故事legendn. 传说，传奇migrationn. 迁移，移居anthropologist n. 人类学家archaeologist n. 考古学家flintn. 燧石rotn. 烂掉flint [flɪnt]n. 打火石, 极硬的东西, 燧石saga [ 'sɑːgə]n.传说, 冒险故事, 英雄事迹2censusn. 统计数字acre ['eɪkə]n.英亩; 大片田地;地产contentadj. 满足的devour [dɪ'vaʊə]v. 吞食, 吞没, 挥霍3alpinistn. 登山运动员manner ['mænə(r)]n.n. 样子, 风格,礼貌attainv. 到达perilous ['perɪləs]adj. 危险的; 冒险的shudder ['ʃʌdə(r)]n. 战栗, 发抖v. 发抖, 战栗; 震动,颤动courtv. 追求solitary ['sɑlɪtərɪ/'sɒlɪtrɪ]n. 独居者; 单独监禁;隐士adj. 单独的, 独自的;隐居的; 单个的, 唯一的; 孤独的impoverishv.使贫困inn [ɪn]n. 旅馆; 客栈Alpineadj. 阿尔卑斯山的coarseadj. 粗劣的washboastv. 自恃有parishionern. 教区居民shepherd ['ʃepə(r)d]n. 牧羊者, 指导者,牧师, 牧羊犬v. 看守, 指导, 领导linen [lin·en || 'lɪnɪn]n. 亚麻布, 亚麻制品,亚麻线adj. 亚麻布制的; 亚麻的the Alpsn.阿尔卑斯山脉good sports刺激in a manner 以这样的方式go out of one’s way 刻意的4concern [kən'sɜːn]v. 涉及; 关系到；谈到solidadj. 坚实的safen.保险柜bundle ['bʌndl]n. 捆; 包; 束v. 包扎, 胡乱塞进;匆忙离去, 匆匆移动commissionn. 委员会opaque [o·paque || əʊ'peɪk]n. 不透明物adj. 不透明的, 不传热的lotton. 一种有编号的纸牌slipper [slip·per|| 'slɪpə(r)]n.浅口便鞋, 拖鞋;船鞋blindfoldadj.& adv. 被蒙上眼睛的make out 辨认出5leaven. 允许fundamentalsn. 基本原则gloriousadj. 光辉灿烂的splendidadj. 灿烂的rub 【rʌb]n. 难题，症结dreary [drear·y ||'drɪərɪ]adj. 沉闷的commitmentn. 信奉social climber追求更高社会地位的，向上爬的人devotion[de'vo·tion || -əʊʃn]n.热爱cosmicadj. 宇宙的suburban [sə'bɜrbən /-'bɜː-]adj. 见识不广的，偏狭的conceited[con'ceit·ed || -tɪd]adj. 自负的, 狂想的,逞能的, 不实际的, 幻想的presumptuous [ prɪ'zʌmptʃʊəs]adj. 放肆的, 冒失的,冒昧的fatuous [ 'fætʃʊəs]adj. 愚蠢的clichen. 陈词滥调sb. take leave to do 冒昧的做get down to 认真研究where the rub is 问题的症结就在6goodwilln. 友好cricketn. 板球inclination [‚ɪnklɪ'neɪʃn]n. 意愿contestn. 比赛orgy ['ɔrdʒɪ / 'ɔːd-]n. 秘密祭神仪式; 纵欲; 狂欢; 纵酒n. 无节制的，放荡competitiveadj. 竞争性的utmost [ut·most || 'ʌtməʊst]n. 极限, 极端, 最大限度adj. 极度的, 最远的 patriotism ['peɪtrɪətɪzm /'pæt-]n.地方观念，爱国主义prestige [pre'stɪːʒ] o.n. 名望, 威望,声望disgracev. 使丢脸savage ['sævɪdʒ]adj. 野性的combativeadj. 好斗的frankly ['fræŋklɪ]adv. 坦白地; 真诚地mimic warfare模拟战争spectator ['spekteɪtə /spek'teɪtə]n. 观众, 旁观者,fury ['fjʊrɪ/'fjʊər-]愤怒, 狂怒的人, 狂暴virtue ['vɜrtjuː/'vɜː-]n. 德行, 贞操, 美德work ……into……引起……注意……7batn. 蝙蝠strictlyadv. 明确地utilitarian [‚juːtɪlɪ'terɪən /-'teər-]n. 功利论者, 功利主义者adj. 功利的, 功利主义的, 实利的appreciation理解vicinity [vɪ'sɪnətɪ]n.邻近, 接近, 附近obstruction[ob'struc·tion ||əb'strʌkʃn]n. 阻塞, 障碍物, 妨碍elapse [e·lapse ||ɪ'læps]v. 消耗，消逝hull [hʌl]n. 壳, 船体, 皮intervaln. 间隔apparatus[‚æpə'reɪtəs]n. 仪器shoal [ʃəʊl]n.鱼群; 大量, 大群squeak [skwɪːk]n. 尖叫声8slaughter ['slɔtə(r)/'slɔː-]n. 残杀, 大量杀戮,屠杀v. 宰杀, 屠宰; 使惨败; 杀戮, fitadj. 适合gracev.给...增光fowl [faʊl]n. 鸟, 家禽, 飞禽tariff ['tærɪf]n.关税razor ['reɪzə(r)]n. 剃刀dialysis[di·al·y·sis || daɪ'ælɪsɪs]n. 分离，分解；透析，渗析electrocute [ɪ'lektrəkjuːt]v. 处电刑; 触电致死eliminate [ɪ'lɪmɪneɪt]v. 消灭accordn. 协议hammer outv. 推敲pactn. 合同，条约，公约9disguise [| dɪs'gaɪz]n. 假面目, 假装v. 假装, 隐瞒epic ['epɪk]n. 史诗, 叙事诗adj. 史诗的, 叙事诗的espionage[es·pi·o·nage ||‚espɪə'nɑːʒ]n. 间谍活动Danish ['deɪnɪʃ]adj. 丹麦的，丹麦人的，丹麦语的minstrel ['mɪnstrəl]n. 吟游诗人n. 中世纪的吟游歌手wanderingadj. 漫游的harp [hɑrp /hɑːp]n. 竖琴ballad [|'bæləd]n. 民歌acrobatic [‚ækrəʊ'bætɪk(l)]adj. 杂技的conjure [kən'dʒʊə]n.魔术invader [ɪn'veɪdə(r)]n.入侵者, 侵略者;侵入物hither ['θɪðə(r)/'ðɪðə]adv. 向那里slackadj. 涣散的Dane [deɪn]n. 丹麦人casualadj. 马虎的，随便的precautionn. 预防，警惕proceeds ['prəʊs ɪːdz]n. 所得assemblev. 集合trivial ['trɪvɪəl]adj. 琐细的, 微不足道的, 价值不高的adj. 微不足道的horde [hɔrd /hɔːd] n. 群, 移动群, 游牧部落prolongedadj. 持久的commissariat [‚k ɑmɪ'serɪət /‚kɒmɪ'seər-]n. 军粮供应episode ['epɪsəʊd]n. 一个事件，片断epicn. 史诗harry [ 'hærɪ] v.骚扰patrol [pə'trəʊl] n. 巡逻, 侦察; 巡逻队; 巡逻兵; 巡逻舰assail [ə'seɪl]v. 袭击，威胁skirmish[skir·mish || 'skɜrmɪʃ /'skɜː-]n. 小规模战斗10silicon ['sɪlɪkɑn /-kən]n. 硅, 硅元素n. 硅integratedadj. 综合的circuit ['sɜːkɪt]n. 线路，电路chipn. 芯片，集成电路片，集成块newslettern. 时事通讯Macintoshn. 苹果机，一种个人电脑penalize (Amer.)['pɪːnəlaɪz]v. 处刑, 使不利, 宣告有罪v. 处罚，惩罚customize ['kʌstmaɪz]v. 定做n. 定做, 适合, 专门的制作, 为适合使用者需要对硬件程序或单件的适配 (计算机用语)v. 按顾客具体需要制造spawn [spɔːn]v. 引起，酿成thrive [θraɪv]v. 兴旺，繁荣anarchy [an·arch·y|| 'ænəkɪ]n.混乱, 无政府状态Korean [Ko·re·an|| kə'rɪən]n. 韩国人; 韩国语constitutev. 构成drove [drəʊv]n. 群innovatorn. 发明者forge [fɔrdʒ /fɔːdʒ]v. 发展memory-chipn. 内存条AT & T美国电话电报公司(American Telephoneand Telegraph)lock on thememory-chip market垄断市场11oppress [ə'pres]v. 忧郁，压抑justificationn. 正当理由justifiablyadv. 无可非议地abject ['æbdʒekt]adj. 可怜的ignoble [ɪg'nəʊbl]adj. 不体面的，可耻的impersonaladj. 超脱个人感情影响的ego ['egəʊ]n. 自我recede [rɪ'sɪːd]v. 退去boulder ['bəʊldə]n. 卵石, 大圆石; 巨砾passionatelyadv. 激昂地painlesslyadv. 毫无痛苦地vitality [vaɪ'tælətɪ]n. 精力weariness ['wɪrɪnɪs /'wɪər-]n. 疲惫感12currentadj. 通用的，流行的debtor['detə(r)]n. 借方creditorn. 贷方obligationn. 义务complicationn.纠纷overdraw [‚əʊvə(r)drɔː]v. 透支; 夸张debit [deb·it|| 'debɪt]v. 把...记入借方specimenn. 样本forge [fɔrdʒ /fɔːdʒ]v. 伪造forgery ['fɔrdʒərɪ /'fɔːd-]n. 伪造（文件，签名等）adoptv. 采用facilitate [fə'sɪlɪteɪt]v. 使容易; 帮助; 促进v. 使便利13deposit [dɪ'pɒzɪt]n. 存款, 堆积物, 定金v. 存放; 堆积; 沉淀 boringn.钻孔bore [bɔː]n. 孔; 口径derrick ['derɪk] n. 井架block and tackle 滑轮组haulv. 拖，拉cutting bit钻头geologistn. 地质学家coring取芯钻头cylinder [cyl·in·der || 'sɪl ɪndə]n. 圆柱体stratum['strætəm ,'streɪ- /'strɑːt-]stratan. 岩层[复]([单]stratum或strata [误用])circulatev. 注入，环流gusher['gush·er || 'gʌʃə(r)]n. 喷油井14speculativeadj. 推测的blizzard ['blɪzəd]n. 暴风雪deteriorate [dɪ'tɪərɪəreɪt]v. 变坏，恶化multiplyv. 增加cascade [kæ'skeɪd]v. 使瀑布似地落下;使串联; 使联成系列;成瀑布落下turbulent ['tɜrbjələnt /'tɜːbjʊl-]adj. 狂暴的dust devil小尘暴，尘旋风squall [skwɔːl]n. 暴风eddy ['edɪ]n. 旋涡gridn. 坐标方格sensorn. 传感器humidity [hjuː'mɪdətɪ]n. 温度meteorologist[‚mɪːtɪə'rɑlədʒɪst/-'rɒ-]n.气象学家precisely [prɪ'saɪslɪ]adv. 精确地, 准确地;严格地,fluctuationn. 起伏，波动deviation [‚diːvɪ'eɪʃn]n. 偏差15positiveadj. 确实的patent ['pætnt/'peɪtnt]n. 专利；v. 得到专利权agentn. 情报人员16descendant[de'scend·ant ||-dənt]n. 子孙，后代artificialn. 人工的imposev. 强加dimensionn. 直径skyscrapern. 摩天大楼tenant ['tenənt]n.租户gigantic [dʒaɪ'gæntɪk]adj. 巨人般的; 巨大的civilizedadj. 文明的banal [bə'nɑːl]adj. 平庸luxuryn. 豪华deprivev. 剥夺monstrous ['mɑn'strɑs /'mɒ-]adj. 畸形的edifice ['edɪfɪs]n.大厦fume [fjuːm]n. 臭气, 激怒, 烟toxic ['tɑksɪk(l)/'tɒk-]adj. 有毒的ceaselesslyadv. 不停地throng [θrɑŋ,θrɔŋ /θrɒŋ]v. 挤满，壅塞17settlementn. 新拓居地enterprisingadj. 有事业心的promiscuous[prə'mɪskjʊəs]adj. 杂乱的, 混淆的,混杂的adj. 杂乱的overrunv. 蔓延，泛滥devastation[‚devə'steɪʃn]n. 破坏，劫掠burrow ['bʌrəʊ]v. 挖、掘herbage ['hɜrbɪdʒ/'hɜːb-]n. 草, 牧草susceptible[sə'septəbl]adj. 易被感动的, 易动感情的; 易受...影响的; 多情的; 敏感的,过敏的epidemicn. 流行病mosquiton. 蚊虫carriern. 带菌者exterminatev. 消灭ironicallyadv. 具有讽刺意味地bequeath [bɪ'kwi ːð]v. 把...传给pestn. 害虫，有害动物pestilence ['pest ɪləns]n. 瘟疫confinen. 范围domesticatev. 驯养18superstition [‚suːpə(r)'stɪʃn]n. 迷信porpoise ['pɔrpəs /'pɔː-]n. 海豚marinern. 水手formationn. 队形dolphinn. 海豚科动物 unconsciousadj. 不省人事bow [baʊ]n. 船头,beaver ['biːvə]n. 海狸ashoreadv. 上岸waterloggedadj. 浸满水的mattress ['mætrɪs]n. 床垫; 沉床scent [sent]n. 香味ensue [en·sue|| ɪn'sjuː]v. 接着发生intrigue [ɪn'trɪːg]v.引起兴趣、calf [kɑːf]n. 小牛turtle [| 'tɜrtl /'tɜː-]n. 海龟; 甲鱼;indignity [ɪn'dɪgnətɪ]n. 轻蔑; 侮辱的行为;侮辱n. 侮辱snout [snaʊt]n. 口鼻部shove [ʃʌv]v. 硬推a quaplane ['ækwəpleɪn]n. 滑水板oceanariumn. 水族馆swoop [swuːp]v. 猛扑belly ['belɪ]n.腹部butt [bʌt]v. 使接合; 接合; 毗连; 用头猛撞; 用头抵撞; 插入; 突出equilibrium [‚ɪːkwɪ'lɪbrɪəm]n. 平衡; 均衡; 平静crack [kræk]n. 重击19literallyadv. 确实tissuen. 组织plausible ['plɔːzəbl]adj. 似乎有理的hypothesisn. 假说electroencephalographn. 脑电图仪electrode [ɪ'lektrəʊd]n. 电极scalp [skælp]n. 头皮psychiatrist [saɪ'kaɪətrɪst ,sɪ-]n. 精神病学家punctuate ['pʌŋ(k)tʃʊeɪt]v.不时介入，强调,突出; 不时打断;使用标点; 加标点burst [bɜːst]v. 突然出现jerky ['dʒɜrkɪ/'dʒɜːkɪ]adj. 急动的disordern. 失调implicationn. 表明20saliva [sə'laɪvə]n. 唾液digestiveadj. 助消化的defy [dɪ'faɪ]v. 使不可能preyn. 被捕食的动物fierceadj. 凶猛的tussle ['tʌsl]n. 扭打carnivore ['kɑːnɪvɔː]n. 食肉动物lizard ['lɪzə(r)d]n. 蜥蜴concoctv. 调制potencyn. 效力arsenic ['ɑːsnɪk]n. 砒霜rattlesnaken. 响尾蛇haemolyticadj. 溶血性的viperineadj. 毒蛇21Supremeadj. 首屈一指devise [dɪ'vaɪz]v. 设计; 图谋; 发明protagonist [prəʊ'tægənɪst]n. 主角outlawn. 逃犯，亡命之徒framedadj. 遭到陷害的sheriff ['ʃerɪf]n. 州长vicious ['vɪʃəs]adj. 恶毒的frontier ['frʌn'tɪr /-‚tɪə]n. 边界, 边境mythology [mɪ'θɑlədʒɪ /-'θɒ-]n. 神话vanishedadj. 消失了的absurdlyadv. 荒诞地arena [ə'riːnə] n. 竞技场encroach [ɪn'krəʊtʃ]adj. 渐渐渗入的bewilder [bɪ'wɪldə]v. 使手足无措alienadj. 外来的taboo [tæ'buː/tə'b-]n. 禁忌, 避讳, 禁止使用, 禁止接近v. 禁忌, 禁止, 避讳adj. 禁忌的, 忌讳的; 禁止的 disinheritv. 剥夺...继承权undeclaredadj. 未经宣布的impending [ɪm'pendɪŋ]adj. 迫近的，近在眉睫的immolation [‚ɪməʊ'leɪʃn]n. 杀戮22v. 赫然耸起manifest ['mænɪfest]adj.明显的enhancev. 增进tempo [ 'tempəʊ]n.速率systematic [‚sɪstɪ'mætɪk(l)]adj. 有系统的, 体系的, 分类的trickle[trick·le || 'trɪkl]n. 涓涓细流torrent ['tɑrənt ,'tɔ- /'tɒrənt]n. 滔滔洪流humanityn. 人类indifferentlyadv. 不在乎地spectacle['spektəkl]n. 场面; 奇观, 壮观;景象grimlyadv. 严格地; 冷酷地;可怕地adv. 可怖地whimsical ['hwɪmzɪkl /'w-]adj. 怪诞的shatter ['ʃætə(r)]v. 毁坏twofoldadj. 双重的23albatross['ælbətrɒs]n. 信天翁sustenancen. 支撑力glider ['glaɪdə(r)]n. 滑翔者harness [ 'hɑrnɪs /'hɑːn-]v. 利用endow [en·dow|| ɪn'daʊ]v. 赋有ply [plaɪ]v. 不断地供给gale [geɪl]狂风, 定期租金, 大风humble ['hʌmbl]v. 使...卑下; 贬抑;挫adj. 卑下的, 粗陋的,谦逊的partridgen. 鹧鸪likeadj. 类似的propulsion[prə'pʌlʃn]n. 推进力utteradj. 完全的omen ['əʊmen]n.预兆magpie ['mægpaɪ]n. 鹊, 喜鹊; 有收集癖好的人; 饶舌的24intenseadj. 强烈的aesthetic [iːs'θetɪk(l)]adj. 审美的realmn. 世界serenity[sə'renətɪ]n. 静谧undeniableadj. 不可否认的indefinableadj. 模糊不清的vulgar ['vʌlgə(r)]adj. 粗俗的, 普通的,庸俗的adj. 平庸的flare [fler /fleə]v. 闪光, 闪耀; 使闪耀; 使张开amid [a·mid || ə'mɪd]prep. 在...之间;被...包围; 在...之中radiance ['reɪdɪəns]发光bray [breɪ]v.叫indigestion [‚ɪndɪ'dʒestʃn]n. 消化不良intimation [‚ɪntɪ'meɪʃn]n.暗示whimsy ['hwɪmzɪ/'w-]n.怪念头mock [mɑk /mɒk]n. 嘲笑, 模仿, 戏弄v. 嘲弄,unutterableadj. 不可言传的investv. 赋予utter ['ʌtə(r)]v. 发出; 发表; 做声，说出来25auditoryadj. 听觉的inadequateadj. 不适当的plea [plɪː]n. 要求abatement[a'bate·ment || -mənt]n. 减少discreditv. 怀疑allegation [ ‚æl ɪ'geɪʃn]n.断言illustration [‚ɪlə'streɪʃn]n. 例证, 插图caption ['kæpʃn]n. 标题; 字幕; 说明v. 加上标题; 加上说明wreck [rek] n. 残废人snag [snæg]n. 疑难之处，障碍anecdote ['ænɪkdəʊt]n. 轶闻slander['slændər /'slɑːndə]v. 诽谤persecute ['pɜrsɪkjuːt /'pɜː-]v. 迫害, 残害; 困扰,为难v. 迫害aerodrome ['eərədrəʊm]n. 飞机场; 航空站squadron ['skwɑdrən /'skwɒd-]n. 中队psychiatric [‚saɪkɪ'ætrɪk(l)]adj. 精神病学的diagnosisn. 诊所orphanage ['ɔrfɪnɪdʒ /'ɔːf-]n. 孤儿院26silt [sɪlt]n. 淤泥scavenger ['skævɪndʒə(r)]n. 清道夫, 食腐动物n. 食腐动物bout [baʊt]n. 一阵; 一次, 一回合decomposev. 腐烂crevasse [krɪ'væs]n. 裂缝, 崩溃处, 破口n. 缝隙fir [fɜr /fɜː]n.枞树, 杉木tar [tɑr /tɑː]n. 焦油; 柏油carnivore ['kɑːnɪvɔː]n. 食肉动物; 食虫植物bogged [bɒg]adj. 陷入泥沼的，陷入要困境的27galleon ['gælɪən]n.大型帆船maiden ['meɪdn]n. 年轻未婚女子, 处女flagshipn. 旗舰imperial [ɪm'pɪrɪəl /-'pɪər-]adj. 帝国的hurricanen. 飓风armament ['ɑːməmənt]n. 军械tripleadj. 三层的mount [maʊnt]v. 架有bronze [brɒnz]n. 青铜cannon ['kænən]n. 加农炮ferment [fə(r)'ment]n. 动乱; 欢腾ornament ['ɔrnəmənt/'ɔːn-]n. 装饰, 教堂用品v. 装饰, 修饰stern [stɜrn /stɜːn]n.尾部, 船尾riot ['raɪət]暴动, 奔放,大量demon ['diːmən]n.魔鬼knight [naɪt]n.骑士;warrior ['wɑrɪə(r) ,'wɔ- /'wɒ-]战士, 武士, 勇士portray [pɔr'treɪ /pɔː-]v.画; 把...描绘成; 描写; 扮演churn [tʃɜːn]v. 翻腾; 剧烈搅动foam [fəʊm]n.泡沫squall [skwɔːl]v. 尖声高叫，风暴, 刮飑starboard ['stɑrbə(r)d /'stɑː-]n. 右舷, 右侧spectacle['spektəkl]n.公开展示, 场面;奇观, 壮观; 景象;眼镜rumbling ['rʌmblɪŋ]n.隆隆声;ammunition [‚æmjʊ'nɪʃn]n.军火; 弹药inrush ['ɪnrʌʃ]n.侵入; 流入ablaze [ə'bleɪz]adj. 闪耀的; 激动的;着火的28sceptical['skeptɪkl]adj. 怀疑的forefathersn. 祖先ferventlyadv. 热情地curative['kjuərətɪv]adj. 治病的tangible [tan·gi·ble || 'tænd ʒəbl]n. 有形资产adj.实实在在的remedy ['remɪdɪ] n. 药物ointment ['ɔɪntmənt]n. 药膏prescribev. 开药方indisposition [‚ɪndɪspə'zɪʃn]n.不舒服; 不愿意;微恙; 嫌恶hasten ['has·ten || 'heɪsn]v. 赶快, 急忙; 催促; 加速relate [re·late || r ɪ'leɪt]v. 讲, 与...有关,29hovercraft n. 气垫船vessel [ves·sel|| 'vesl]n. 船, 脉管, 容器ringv. 围Solentn. （英国的）苏伦特海峡sensation[sen'seɪʃn]n. 轰动dune [djuːn]n. 沙丘plantationn. 种植园hovertrainn. 气垫火车30navigationn.航海hazard ['hæzə(r)d]n. 危险;soundingn. 水深度fathom ['fæðəm]n. 寻（1寻等于1.8米）dredge [dredʒ]v. 挖掘expeditionn. 远征physicistn. 物理学家magnituden. 很多topography [tə'pɑgrəfɪ]n. 地形crust [krʌst]n.地壳superimpose [‚suːpərɪm'pəʊz]v. 重叠上去; 叠印;加上去rugged ['rʌgɪd]adj.崎岖不平tablelandn.高地slope [sləʊp]n. 斜坡,sediment ['sedɪmənt]n. 沉淀物terrace ['terəs]n. 阶地erode [ɪ'rəʊd]v. 侵蚀31spatialadj. 空间strive [straɪv]v.努力, 奋斗, 苦干; 反抗, 斗争enclosed [en'closed|| -zd]adj. 与世隔绝的visualizev. 使具形象，设想reminiscence[‚remɪ'nɪsns]n. 回忆，联想mushroomn. 蘑菇carrotn. 胡萝卜bud [bʌd]n. 芽; 花蕾; 叶芽;萌芽, 未成熟的事物#小孩, 少女kidney ['kɪdnɪ]n. 肾, 性格, 个性32Controversy [ 'kɒntrəvɜːsɪ]n. 争议，争论dust [dʌst]n. 纠纷，骚动clash [klæʃ]n. 冲突; 抵触; 撞击声Inquisitionn. （罗马天主教的）宗教法庭perspectiven.观点，看法a problem child 难题despise [dɪ'spaɪz]v. 蔑视generalizev. 归纳undercurrentn. 潜流theoreticaladj. 理论上的potentialityn. 潜能intimate[in·ti·mate || 'ɪntɪmət]adj. 亲密的, 秘密的,私人的adj. 详尽的familiarityn. 熟悉的culpableadj. 应受遣责的plane [pleɪn]n.平面; 水平;Leaning Tower of Pisa比萨斜塔striking[strik·ing || 'straɪkɪŋ]adj. 醒目的, 打击的, 惊人的culpable[cul·pa·ble || 'kʌlpəbl]adj. 该责备的;不周到的; 有罪的alleged[al'leged || -dʒd]adj. 声称的, 所谓的spiral ['spaɪərəl]adj. 螺旋状的nebula ['nebjələ/-jʊlə]n. 星云scratchn.擦痕grinder ['graɪndə(r)]n. 推磨的人, 磨的上段, 研磨者contrivance[kən'traɪvns]n. 发明, 想出的办法, 发明的才能distortv. 歪曲Jupiter ['dʒuːpɪtə] n.木星familiarity [fə‚mɪlɪ'ærətɪ]n. 亲密, 精通, 熟悉33adverse ['ædvɜːs] adj. 逆向的, 相反的;不利的, 有害的; 反面的; 敌对的, 反对的purchasableadj.可买到的well [wel]n. 井, 源泉,preachern. 传教士defendant[de'fend·ant ||-dənt]n.被告fashionedadj. ...式的; ...风的outlookn. 视野capacityn. 能力democratic[‚demə'krætɪk]adj. 民主的; 民主政体的; 民主主义的tribaln. 部落的triben.部落illiteraten.文盲instruction [ɪn'strʌkʃn]n. 教育;binding ['baɪndɪŋ]adj. 捆绑的; 有约束力的, 必须遵守的compulsoryadj. 义务的deem [diːm]v. 认为hamper['hæmpə(r)]v.妨碍monetary ['mʌnɪtərɪ]adj. 货币的; 金钱的34adolescencen. 青春期slur[slɜr /slɜː]n. 底毁disloyalty [‚dɪs'lɔɪəltɪ]n. 不忠, 不贞; 不忠的行为spitefuladj. 恶意的，怀恨的disillusionmentn. 幻灭感,理想破灭evaluationn. 评价infallibility[‚ɪnfælə'bɪlətɪ]n. 一贯正确resent [rɪ'zent]v. 怨恨sincerityn. 诚挚retreatv. 后退unreasoningadj. 不凭理智的authoritarian [ɔː‚θɒrɪ'teərɪən]n. 权力主义者; 独裁主义者cowv. 吓唬Before very long 不要很久35odyssey ['ɒdɪsɪ]n. 长途飘泊hub [hʌb]n. （活动的）中心terrestrial [tɪ'restrɪəl]adj. 地球的decisivelyadv. 决然地; 果断地fascinationn.魅力savage ['sævɪdʒ]n. 原始的人, 粗鲁的人adj. 野蛮的, 凶猛的,未开化的senioradj. 资历深的，年长的chasm ['kæzəm]n. 断层，裂口canyon [can·yon|| 'kænjən]n. 峡谷36disunitedadj. 分裂的correspondinglyadv. 相应地backwardadj. 落后的incur [ɪn'kɜr/-'kɜː]v. 承担adminstrativeadj. 行政管理的analogousadj. 类似的overheadsn. 一般费用initiativen. 主动，积极性army [ar·my || 'ɑːmɪ]n.大群foremann. 监工dividend ['dɪvɪdend]n. 被除数; 股息; 红利; 附赠品undulyadv. 过度地37likelihoodn. 可能性infantn. 婴儿vulnerable ['vʌlnərəbl]adj. 脆弱imperceptible adj. 感觉不到的steepadj. 急转直下ageingn. 老化odds [ɑdz /ɒdz] n. 可能性virtualadj. 实际上的robust [rəʊ'bʌst /rə-]adj. 强健的self-evident不言而喻的,organismn.有机体kettle ['ketl]n. 茶壶, 罐thermodynamics n. 热力学wind [wɪnd ,waɪnd] v. 上发条,run-downadj. 破旧的frictionn. 摩擦38contamination[kən‚tæmɪ'neɪʃn]n. 污染sanitation [‚sænɪ'teɪʃn]n. 卫生，卫生设备sewage ['sjuɪdʒ/-]n. 污水leakage ['lɪːkɪdʒ]n. 泄漏intermittent [‚ɪntə(r)'mɪtnt]adj. 间歇的，断断续续的carbonatedadj. 碳化的，碳酸的alcoholn. 酒精disinfectantn. 消毒剂sterilize['sterəlaɪz]v. 消毒bactericidaladj. 杀菌的negligible ['neglɪdʒəbl]adj. 可以忽略的，微不足道的methylatedadj. 加入甲醇的39confessv. 承认inspirationn. 灵感radical ['rædɪkl]n. 根部; 基本原理;adj. 根本的, 基本的;afresh [ə'freʃ]adv. 再度; 重新discern [dɪ'sɜːn]v. 辨明，领悟indescribableadj. 无法描述的blur使...模糊不清outlivev. 比...活得长; 度过yeast [jɪːst]n. 激动fathom ['fæðəm]v. 领悟，彻底了解interminablyadv. 无限地; 漫无止境地; 冗长地\winkle ['wɪŋkl]v. 挖掘incidentallyadv. 顺便说一下pertinent ['pɜrtnənt /'pɜːtɪ-]adj. 中肯的ruthless [ruth·less|| 'ruːθlɪs]adj. 无情的, 亳不留情的, 残忍的flirt [flɜrt /flɜːt]v. 调情inmostadj. 内心深处40signaturen. 签名，标记infinityn. 无穷rayn. 光线energizev. 给与...能量rhythmn. 节奏transmitv. 传送exquisite ['ekskwɪzɪt]adj. 精致的, 敏锐的,细腻的phenomenan. 现象crest [krest]n. 浪峰trough [trɒf]n. 波谷verticaladj. 垂直的horizontaladj. 水平的actualityn. 现实catastrophicadj. 大灾难的particlen. 微粒maturityn.成熟miraculous [mɪ'rækjələs /-jʊ-]adj. 奇迹的; 不可思议的undulate ['ʌndjʊleɪt]v. 波动，形成波浪tremor [trem·or ||'tremə(r)]n. 震动, 颤动gravitationaladj. 地心吸力的。

Lesson 1 发现化石人我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。

但直到现在,世界上有些地方，人们还不会书写。

他们保存历史的唯一办法是将历史当作传说讲述，由讲述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来。

这些传说是很有用的，因为它们能告诉我们以往人们迁居的情况，但是没有人能把他们当时做的事情记载下来。

人类学家过去不清楚如今生活在太平洋诸岛上的波利尼西亚人的祖先来自何方。

当地人的传说却告诉人们：其中一部分是约在2,000年前从印度尼西亚迁来的。

但是，和我们相似的原始人生活的年代太久远了，因此，有关他们的传说既使有如今也失传了。

于是，考古学家们既缺乏历史记载，又无口头传说来帮助他们弄清最早的“现代人”是从哪里来的。

然而，幸运的是，远古人用石头制作了工具，特别是用燧石，因为燧石较之其他石头更容易成形。

他们也可能用过木头和兽皮，但这类东西早已腐烂殆尽。

石头是不会腐烂的，因此，尽管制造这些工具的人的骨头早已荡然无存，但远古时代的石头工具却保存了下来。

Lesson 2 不要伤害蜘蛛你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌。

要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。

我们要十分感谢那些吃昆虫的鸟和兽，然而把它们所杀死的昆虫全部加在一起也只相当于蜘蛛所消灭的一小部分。

此外，蜘蛛不同于其他食虫动物，它们丝毫不危害我们和我们的财物。

许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫，但它们不是昆虫，甚至与昆虫毫无关系。

人们几乎一眼就能看出二者的差异，因为蜘蛛都是8条腿，而昆虫的腿从不超过6条。

有多少蜘蛛在为我们效力呢？一位研究蜘蛛的权威对英国南部一块草坪上的蜘蛛作了一次调查，他估计每英亩草坪里有225万多只蜘蛛；这就是说，在一个足球场上约有600万只不同种类的蜘蛛。

蜘蛛至少有半年在忙于吃昆虫。