110KV降压变电站设计开题报告、文献综述、外文文献翻译

一、课题研究的目的和意义随着科学技术的发展，作为现代工业发展的基础和先行官—电力工业，也随之有了很大的发展.电力需求的大大增加,促使电力技术和电力工业进一步向高电压，大机组，大电网的方向发展。

由于大电网的出现，世界各国电力工业发展和运行的经验说明：电力系统愈大,调度运行就愈能合理和优化，经济效益就愈好，应变事故的能力就愈强。

所以许多发达的国家的国家的电力系统都已联合成统一的国家电力系统，甚至联合成跨国电力系统[1］。

110kV变电所是电力配送的重要环节，也是电网建设的关键环节。

变电所设计质量的好坏,直接关系到电力系统的安全、稳定、灵活和经济运行，为满足城镇负荷日益增长的需要,提高对用户供电的可靠性和电能质量。

随着国民经济的发展，工农业生产的增长需要,迫切要求增长供电容量,拟新建110kV变电所。

变电站是电力系统的重要组成部分，它直接影响整个电力系统的安全与经济运行，是联系发电厂和用户的中间环节,起着变换和分配电能的作用。

电气主接线是发电厂变电所的主要环节，电气主接线的拟定直接关系着全所电气设备的选择、配电装置的布置、继电保护和自动装置的确定，是变电站电气部分投资大小的决定性因素.随着变电所综合自动化技术的不断发展与进步，变电站综合自动化系统取代或更新传统的变电所二次系统，继而实现“无人值班”变电所已成为电力系统新的发展方向和趋势［2].目前，我国小城市和西部地区经济的不断发展对电能资源的要求也越来越高。

西部主要是高原地带，在高海拔的条件下，农村现有的变电技术远达不到经济的快速发展，这也在一定程度上影响了西部地区和中小城市变电技术的推广和应用技术的深化。

随着西部经济的不断发展，35kV以下电压已经满足不了供电需求，所以只能建设35kV以上的变电所。

考虑到在35kV以上变电所的成本高低，110kV是性价比最高的.因此,需要创造条件有针对性地提高对小城市以及农村的变电站的建设，来提高农村和西部地区的用电质量，多建造一批110kV变电所[3］.二、文献综述当今世界各方面因素正冲击着全球电力工业，在国外变电所技术有十分剧烈的竞争，而世界范围内的变电所都采用了新技术; 其次，不同的环境要求给所有的电力供应商增加了额外的责任，使电力自动化设备尤其是高压大功率变电站的市场开发空间大大拓展[4].另外高压变电所的最终用户对变电站的自动控制、节能、环保意识越来越强烈，迫使其上游提供者尤其是系统集成商更加重视地区性电能分配技术方面的需要，所以变电所在世界上飞速的发展,从而要求我国变电技术上也要加入世界先进的变电技术行业。

毕业设计 / 论文开题报告课题名称220kV降压变电站电气设计院系机电与动化学院专业班电气工程及其自动化xxxx 班姓名xxxxxx评分指导教师xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx毕业论文开题报告撰写要求1.开题报告的主要内容1）课题研究的目的和意义；2）课题研究的主要内容；3）研究方法；4）实行计划。

5）主要参照文件：许多于5 篇，此中外文文件许多于1 篇。

2．撰写开题报告时，所选课题的课题名称不得多于25 个汉字，课题研究份量要适合，研究内容中一定有自己的看法和看法。

3.开题报告的字数许多于 2000 字（艺术类专业许多于 1000 字），格式按《华中科技大学武昌分校本科毕业设计 / 论文撰写规范》的要求撰写。

4.指导教师和责任单位一定审察署名。

5．开题报告独自装订，本附件为封面，后续表格请从网上下载并用A4纸打印后填写。

6.此开题报告合用于全校各专业，部分特别专业需要更改的，由所在系在基础上提出调整方案，报学校审批后履行。

xxxxxxx学生姓名xxxx 学号xx 专业班级电气工程 xx院系机电与自动化指导教师xx 职称讲课老师学院课题名称220kV 降压变电站电气设计1．课题研究的目的和意义1.1 设计目的联合我国电力现状和地区电力需要状况，给各部门供给充分、靠谱、优良、低价的电能，优化发展变电站，提升电能质量，并依据地区用电规模和将来的发展，联合当地地理环境，使设计出来的220kv 变电站充分表现出安全性、靠谱性、经济性和先进性。

1.2 设计意义跟着经济的发展，工业水平的进步，人们生活水平的不停提升，电力系统在整个行业中所占的比率渐渐变大。

现代电力系统是一个巨大的，严实的整体，各种发电厂、变电站分工达成整个电力系统的发电、变电和配电的任务。

电力系统是公民经济的重要能源部门，而变电站的设计是电力工业建设中比不行少的一个项目。

因为变电站设计的内容多，范围广，逻辑性强，不同电压等级、不同种类、不同性质负荷的变电站设计所重视的方面是不同样的。

110kv变电站电气部分设计开题报告110kV变电站电气部分设计开题报告一、引言随着电力需求的不断增长，变电站作为电力系统中重要的组成部分，承担着电能传输和分配的重要任务。

本文将围绕110kV变电站电气部分设计展开研究，旨在提出合理的设计方案，确保变电站的安全运行和高效能力。

二、背景介绍110kV变电站作为中压电网与高压电网之间的关键节点，承担着电能的输送和转换任务。

其电气部分设计的合理性和可靠性对电网的稳定运行至关重要。

本次设计将依据国家标准和相关技术规范，结合变电站的实际情况，进行电气系统的设计和优化。

三、设计目标1. 确保变电站电气系统的安全稳定运行；2. 提高电气设备的可靠性和运行效率；3. 减少能源损耗，提高电网供电质量；4. 降低建设和运行成本。

四、设计内容1. 变电站布置方案设计：根据变电站的地理位置和用地条件，合理规划变电站的布置方案，确保电气设备的安全距离和通风条件。

2. 变电站主变压器设计：根据变电站的负荷需求，选择合适的主变压器容量，并进行相应的冷却系统设计。

3. 变电站开关设备设计：根据电网的运行要求，选择合适的断路器、隔离开关等设备，并进行电气连接图的设计。

4. 变电站保护与自动化设计：根据变电站的安全保护要求，设计合理的保护装置和自动化系统，确保电气设备在故障情况下的及时切除和自动重启。

5. 变电站接地系统设计：设计合理的接地系统，确保变电站的电气设备与地之间具有良好的接地连接，以保障人身安全和设备的正常运行。

6. 变电站照明系统设计：设计合理的照明系统，确保变电站的各个区域都能得到良好的照明，提高工作人员的工作效率和安全性。

五、设计方法与工具1. 采用计算机辅助设计（CAD）软件进行电气系统布置和连接图的设计；2. 依据国家标准和相关技术规范，进行电气设备的选择和参数计算；3. 使用电气仿真软件，对电气系统进行仿真分析，优化设计方案；4. 借助电气设备厂家提供的软件，进行设备参数配置和系统调试。

110KV变电站设计文献综述摘要: 随着工业时代的发展，电力已成为人类历史发展的主要动力资源。

要科学合理的驾驭电力必须从电力工程的设计原则和方法上理解和掌握其精髓，提高电力系统的安全可靠性和运行效率，从而达到降低生产成本提高经济效益的目的。

变电所是电力系统的重要组成部分，它直接影响整个电力系统的安全与经济运行，是联系发电厂和用户的中间环节，起着变换和分配电能的作用。

目前，国内110kv及以下中低压变电所的主接线为了安全、可靠起见多选单母线接线。

另外，合理的选择各种一次设备也能够提高变电所的安全系数及其经济性。

关键词: 变电所；安全；可靠；经济The 110KV Substation Design LiteratureReviewAbstract:With the development of the industrial era, power has become the main driving force of the development of resources in the history of mankind. It must be scientific and rational manage electricity from the power engineering design principles and methods to understand and grasp its essence so to improve the safety and reliability of the power system and operating efficiency, reduce production costs so as to achieve the purpose of improving economic efficiency. The substation is an important part of the power system and it directly affects the security and economic operation of the electricity system as a whole, so it is the contact intermediate links of power plants and the user. It plays the role of the transformation and distribution of electric energy. At present, domestic of 110kv and following in the low-voltage substation, the main wiring for safety, reliability sake of multi-menu Busbar. In addition, a reasonable choice of a variety of primary equipment can improve the safety factor of the economy of the substation.Keywords: substations; safety; reliable; economic0 前言变电站是电力系统的重要组成部分，它直接影响整个电力系统的安全与经济运行，是联系发电厂和用户的中间环节，起着变换和分配电能的作用。

110kV变电站设计开题报告引言变电站是电力系统中重要的组成部分，起着电能转换、配电和维护电力系统稳定运行的关键作用。

本开题报告旨在介绍和分析110kV变电站的设计要求和主要工作内容。

背景电力系统中的变电站负责将高电压的输电线路转换为适用于城市和工业用电的低电压，以及提供供电的可靠保障和维护。

110kV变电站是中等电压范围内的重要设备，因其输电距离较近、工作压力适中，被广泛应用于城市和工业电力系统中。

设计目标本次设计旨在完成一个满足以下要求的110kV变电站：1.供电可靠性：确保高质量的电力供应，避免停电和电压波动的发生。

2.安全性：保证设备的安全运行，避免火灾事故和人员伤亡。

3.经济性：合理控制建设和运营成本，提高能源利用效率。

4.环保性：采用可持续发展的技术和设备，减少对环境的影响。

设计内容为了实现上述设计目标，本次110kV变电站设计将涉及以下主要内容：1.变电站规模确定：根据输电线路的长度和负载需求，确定变电站的容量和规模，并选择合适的技术参数。

2.设备选型和布置：选择合适的变压器、断路器、开关设备等主要设备，并合理布置在变电站的平面布局中。

3.保护措施设计：设计适当的保护措施，包括过电压保护、过流保护、短路保护等，确保设备和人员的安全。

4.自动化系统设计：设计自动化控制系统，实现对设备的远程监控、故障诊断和智能运行。

5.环境影响评估：评估变电站对周围环境的影响，采取措施减少电磁辐射和噪音污染。

6.施工和验收标准：制定合理的施工方案和验收标准，确保工程质量和安全。

7.运行规程和维护策略：制定运行规程和维护策略，保证变电站的正常运行和设备的长寿命。

方法和技术在本次设计中，我们将采用以下方法和技术：1.系统分析和仿真：通过对电力系统进行分析和仿真，评估电压、电流等参数的稳定性和可靠性。

2.设备选型和技术参数优化：根据变电站的需求和技术要求，选择合适的设备和技术参数，并优化其性能。

3.自动化控制系统设计：采用现代化的自动化控制系统，实现对设备和过程的监控、控制和管理。

学校代码：11517学号：2HENAN INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING 文献翻译一种实用的输配电系统的维护优化计划Sohrab Asgarpoor Mohamad Doghma nDepartme nt of Electrical Engin eeri ng Prin cipal Research Engin eerUn iversity of Nebraska-L incoln Omaha Public Power Distric摘要：今天，维护和/或提高系统的可靠性和降低运营和维护（O&成本是电力的首要任务。

由于系统设备继续老化，并逐渐恶化，由于组件故障增加的服务中断的概率。

一个有效的维护策略是在提供安全可靠的电力客户经济所必需的。

本文的目的是提供一个预测，条件为基础的框架，且成本有效的维护，输电和配电系统的优化方案。

引言原则上，提高系统的可靠性和降低运营和维护（0&M）成本是电力的重中之重。

在竞争日益激烈的电力输送环境，电力公司被迫申请实用资产管理更加积极主动的方法。

的电力交货资产管理的主要组成部分之一，是资本预算和现有设施的O&由于在许多情况下，建设和设备采购的成本是固定的，澳&M的支出为削减成本和潜在的储蓄的主要候选人。

由于系统设备继续老化，并逐渐恶化，由于组件故障增加的服务中断的概率。

电力公司都面临着许多挑战，在这种竞争的新时代：上升的O& M成本，系统上的需求不断增长，保持高可靠性和电能质量水平和管理设备老化。

因此，健康的设备是由设备条件的影响，因为收入行业至关重要。

当需求高和设备的工作秩序，丰厚的收入可以实现的。

相反，不健康的设备可能会导致服务中断，顾客不满，善意的损失，并最终失去客户。

提供安全可靠的电力客户经济有效的维护策略是必不可少的。

前二战时期期间，产业是不是非常高度机械化，因此停机时间的影响并不十分显著。

此外，设备简单容易解决，公司的表现主要是纠正性维护（CM。

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General Requirements to Construction of SubstationSubstations are a vital element in a power supply system of industrial enterprises．They serve to receive ，convert and distribute electric energy .Depending on power and purpose ,the substations are divided into central distribution substations for a voltage of 110-500kV;main step-down substations for110-220/6-10-35kV;deep entrance substations for 110-330/6-10Kv;distribution substations for 6-10Kv;shop transformer substations for 6-10/0.38-0.66kV.At the main step-down substations, the energy received from the power source is transformed from 110-220kV usually to 6-10kV(sometimes 35kV) which is distributed among substations of the enterprise and is fed to high-voltage services.Central distribution substations receive energy from power systems and distribute it (without or with partial transformation) via aerial and cable lines of deep entrances at a voltage of 110-220kV over the enterprise territory .Central distribution substation differs from the main distribution substation in a higher power and in that bulk of its power is at a voltage of 110-220kV;it features simplified switching circuits at primary voltage; it is fed from the power to an individual object or region .Low-and medium-power shop substations transform energy from 6-10kV to a secondary voltage of 380/220 or 660/380.Step-up transformer substations are used at power plants for transformation of energy produced by the generators to a higher voltage which decreases losses at a long-distance transmission .Converter substations are intended to convert AC to DC (sometimes vice versa) and to convert energy of one frequency to another .Converter substations with semiconductor rectifiers are convert energy of one frequency to another .Converter substations with semiconductor rectifiers are most economic. Distribution substations for 6-10kV are fed primarily from main distribution substations (sometimes from central distribution substations).With a system of dividing substations for 110-220kV, the functions of a switch-gear are accomplishedby switch-gears for 6-10kV at deep entrance substations.Depending on location of substations their switch-gear may be outdoor or indoor. The feed and output lines at 6-10kV substations are mainly of the cable type .at 35-220kV substations of the aerial type .When erecting and wiring the substations ,major attention is given to reliable and economic power supply of a given production.Substations are erected by industrial methods with the use of large blocks and assemblies prepared at the site shops of electric engineering organizations and factories of electrical engineering industry .Substations are usually designed for operation without continuous attendance of the duty personnel but with the use of elementary automatic and signaling devices.When constructing the structural part of a substation .it is advisable to use light-weight industrial structures and elements (panels ,floors ,etc.) made of bent sections .These elements are pre-made outside the erection zone and are only assembled at site .This considerably cuts the terms and cost of construction.Basic circuitry concepts of substations are chosen when designing a powersupply system of the enterprise .Substations feature primary voltage entrances .transformers and output cable lines or current conductors of secondary voltage .Substations are mounted from equipment and elements described below .The number of possible combinations of equipment and elements is very great .Whenelaborating a substation circuitry ,it is necessary to strive for maximum simplification and minimizing the number of switching devices .Such substations are more reliable and economic .Circuitry is simplified by using automatic reclosure or automatic change over to reserve facility which allows rapid and faultless redundancy of individual elements and using equipment.When designing transformer substations of industrial enterprises for all voltages , the following basic considerations are taken into account:1. Preferable employment of a single-bus system with using two-bus systems only to ensure a reliable and economic power supply;2. Wide use of unitized constructions and busless substations;3.Substantiated employment of automatics and telemetry ;if the substation design does not envisage the use of automatics or telemetry ,the circuitry is so arranged as to allow for adding such equipment in future without excessive investments and re-work.e of simple and cheap devices-isolating switches ,short-circuiting switches ,load-breaking isolators ,fuses ,with due regard for their switching capacity may drastically cut the need for expensive and critical oil ,vacuum ,solenoid and air switches .Substation and switch-gear circuitries are so made that using the equipment of each production line is fed from individual transformers ,assemblies ,the lines to allow their disconnection simultaneously with mechanisms without disrupting operation of adjacent production flows.When elaborating circuitry of a substation, the most vital task is to properly choose and arrange switching devices(switches ,isolators ,current limiters ,arresters ,high-voltage fuses).The decision depends on the purpose ,power and significance of the substation.Many years ago, scientists had very vague ideas about electricity. Many of them thought of it as a sort of fluid that flowed through wires as water flows through pipes, but they could not understand what made it flow. Many of them felt that electricity was made up of tiny particles of some kind ,but trying to separate electricity into individual particles baffled them.Then, the great American scientist Millikan, in 1909,astounded the scientific world by actually weighing a single particle of electricity and calculating its electric charge. This was probably one of the most delicate weighing jobs ever done by man,for a single electric particle weighs only about half of a millionth of a pound. To make up a pound it would take more of those particles than there are drops of water in the Atlantic Ocean.They are no strangers to us, these electric particles, for we know them as electrons. When large numbers of electrons break away from their atoms and move through a wire,we describe this action by saying that electricity is flowing through the wire.Yes,the electrical fluid that early scientists talked about is nothing more than electrical flowing along a wire.But how can individual electrons be made to break away from atoms? And how can these free electrons be made to along a wire? The answer to the first question lies in the structure of the atoms themselves. Some atoms are so constructed that they lose electrons easily. An atom of copper, for example ,is continually losing an electron, regaining it(or another electron),and losing it again. A copper atom normally has 29 electrons, arranged in four different orbits about its nucleus. The inside orbit has 2 electrons. The next larger orbit has 8.The third orbit is packed with 18 electrons . And the outside orbit has only one electron.It is this outside electron that the copper atom is continually losing, for it is not very closely tied to the atom. It wanders off, is replaced by another free-roving electron, and then this second electron also wanders away.Consequently,in a copper wire free electrons are floating around in all directions among the copper atoms.Thus, even through the copper wire looks quite motionless to your ordinary eye, there is a great deal of activity going on inside it. If the wire were carrying electricity to an electric light or to some other electrical device, the electrons would not be moving around at random. Instead, many of them would be rushing in the same direction-from one end of the wire to the other.This brings us to the second question .How can free electrons be made to move along a wire? Well ,men have found several ways to do that .One way is chemical. V olta,s voltaic pile,or battery, is a chemical device that makes electricity(or electrons)flow in wires. Another way is magnetic. Faraday and Henry discovered how magnets could be used to make electricity flow in a wire.MagnetsAlmost everyone has seen horseshoe magnets-so called because they are shaped like horseshoes. Probably you have experimented with a magnet, and noticed how it will pick up tacks and nails, or other small iron objects. Men have known about magnets for thousands of years.Several thousand years ago, according to legend, a shepherd named Magnes lived on the island of Crete, in the Mediterranean Sea .He had a shepherds crook tipped with iron. One day he found an oddly shaped black stone that stuck to this ironter, when many other such stones were found, they were called magnets(after Magnets).These were natural magnets.In recent times men have learned how to make magnets out of iron. More important still, they have discovered how to use magnets to push electrons through wires-that is, how to make electricity flow. Before we discuss this, there arecertain characteristics of magnets that we should know about.If a piece of glass is laid on top of a horse- shoes magnet, and if iron filings are then sprink ledon the glass, the filings will arrange themselves into lines. If this same thing is trid with a bar magnet(a horseshoe magnet straightened out),the lines can be seen more easily. These experiments demonstrate what scientists call magnetic lines of force. Magnets, they explain, work through lines of force that ext- end between the two ends of the magnet. But electrons seem to have magnetic lines of force around them, too.This can be proved by sticking a wire through a piece ofcard board, sprinkling iron filings on the cardboard, and connecting a battery to the wire. The filings will tend to form rings around the wire,as a result of the magnetism of the moving electrons(or electricity).So we can see that there is arelationship between moving electrons and magnetism, Magnetism results from the movement of electrons.Of course, electrons are not really flowing in the bar magnet, but they are in motion, circling the nuclei of the iron atoms. However, in the magnet, circling thelined up in such a way that their electrons are circling in the same direction. Perhaps a good comparison might be a great number of boys whirling balls onstrings in a clockwise direction around their heads.变电站建设的一般要求变电站(所)在电源系统的工业企业是一个至关重要的因素。