牛津英语高二教材重点知识
- 格式：doc
- 大小：275.50 KB
- 文档页数：32
牛津英语高二第一册1.Skiing is my favourite sport, even though I have only skied for four days in mywhole life!skiing：动名词作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
如：Collecting coins has cost him a large sum of money. 该句的主语是collecting coins，而不是coins，故谓语动词是has cost。
even though：同义词为even if。
意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
而as if / as though 意为“似乎”，引导方式状语从句。
如：He seems as if he has got the news. 意为“他看上去似乎已经得到消息了”。
Even though the Japan quake has caused severe damage, the victims are still optimistic. 意为“尽管日本地震造成了严重的损失，灾民还是很乐观”。
2.And, despite the expense, he did.Despite：介词，意为“尽管”，后接名词或名词性短语或名词性从句。
同义词为in spite of。
如：In spite of/ Despite the bad weather, the meeting was held as planned.意为“尽管天气很糟糕，会议还是按计划召开了”。
此句还可用though/ although来表达，但需接句子。
Though the weather was bad, the meeting was held as planned.特别注意In spite of 和Despite 后接句子从句的表达。
如：In spite of/ Despite the fact that he is ill, he competed in the race.此处需接同位语从句，因为介词后是不加that引导的从句的。
又如，Despite/ In spite of what he said, they decided to carry out the plan.此处接的是宾语从句。
Expense：意为“开销，代价”。
词组at the expense/cost of…意为“以…为代价”。
3.How about a weekend at the Botanical Gardens?how about：意为“做某事如何”，一般用于提出建议，类似表达有What about doing sth.?4.I think you ought to keep your word.keep your word：意为“遵守你的诺言”，此处word为不可数名词，作不可数名词时，word还有“消息”之意，如Word came that the meeting had been cancelled. 消息传来会议取消了。
含有word的词组还有：have a word with sb.与某人说句话；have words with sb.与某人争吵；in a word简而言之；in other words换句话说。
5.My dream was to see some real snow.was to see：为be 动词加不定式作表语。
用不定式作表语一般表示将要达成的动作。
如：His plan is to achieve a great success in the near future.6.I was dying to get out and play with it!be dying to do sth.：意为“迫不及待做某事…”。
7.We reached the resort and quickly scrambled out of the bus.scramble：意为“争夺”，词组为scramble for sth.抢夺某物; scramble to do sth. 争着做…;scramble into the classroom/ out of the classroom争着进入/跑出教室。
8.We picked it up, made snowballs, and threw them at each other!此处三个接连发生的动作都用一般过去式，在第一个动作后用逗号，并在第二个动作后用and连接。
需注意：We picked it up, making snowballs.此处用现在分词making。
或，We picked it up and made snowballs.pick up：此处意为“捡起”，还有“（非正式）学会”，如pick up some French；还有意为“用车接某人”，如pick you up at five o’clock。
9.Then we checked in at the hotel.check in：意为“登记入住”，如check in at the hotel，反义词组为check out。
10.Our room overlooked one of the ski slopes.overlook：意为“俯视”，还有“忽视”之意，如overlook the spelling mistakes。
11.We could not wait to try it ourselves.can’t wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待地某事”。
12.You should not ski alone in case you fall and get injured.alone：副词“单独的”，还有“只有，唯独”，如Tom only is responsible for the accident.只有汤姆一个人为这件事负责。
Lonely，形容词，意为“寂寞的”，Living in a big city can be very lonely.in case：意为“以免”，后接从句，从句中用一般现在时。
如：Take an umbrella in case it rains.= Take an umbrella in case of rain. 可见，后接名词的话，需用in case of。
需注意in the case of 意为“在…的个案中”。
Fat people usually eat a lot, but it is not true in the case of Mary.13.To be honest, that first lesson was not a great success, and I kept on falling down.to be honest：不定式作目的状语，意为“为了”。
需注意不可用for doing sth.的结构。
keep on doing sth.：= go on doing sth.继续做，含有keep的词组还有keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做，keep doing sth.一直做，keep up with sb. 不落于人后，keep an eye on sth.照看，留意。
14.The instructor congratulated me.congratulate：意为“祝贺”，词组为congratulate sb. (on sth.) 名词Congratulation。
15.Nevertheless, it was all over too soon.nevertheless：意为“但是”，同义词为however和nonetheless。
需注意这两个此均是副词，只可用在句中作状语。
而but是连词，可以连接两句并列的句子。
16.The first modern Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896.hold：此处意为“召开”，还有“持某一观点”，如A lot of people hold the view that criminals are not punished severely enough.很多人认为对于罪犯的惩罚还不够严厉。
含有hold的词组还有hold the line不挂断电话，hold back抑制，hold on 别挂断，稍等。
Hold也可作名词，take hold of sth.抓住17.“Athletics” refers to sports in four areas.refer to：意为“提到，说到，涉及”。
如，Don’t be upset. He wasn’t referring to you. 意为“不要感到不安，他没在说你。
”需注意refer的过去分词和现在分词需双写r。
refer to还可意为“参考”。
如，If you don’t know what this means, refer to the dictionary.意为“如果你不清楚意思，可查阅字典。
”18.In order to win a track event, a person needs to go faster than everyone else.in order to do sth. ：意为“为了”。
可出现在句首或句中。
但同义词so as to do sth.只可出现在句中，故此处不可用so as to 来替换。
Need：可作为实义动词也可作为情态动词。
实义动词的基本形式为need to do sth.，可用在肯定句，否定句和疑问句中，需考虑人称和数的变化，也需考虑时态变化。
而情态动词的基本形式为need do sth.只可用在否定句和疑问句中。
如，He needn’t come today.=He doesn’t need to come today. Need he come today? = Does he need to come today?19.Field events, however, test how high or far someone can jump in events such asthe long jump or high jump.such as：表例举。
此处的结构可以转换成such events as the long jump or high jump.20.Athletes are required to compete in a series of competitions from each category.require：意为“要求”。
