Unit 4 单元重点语法Grammar定语从句之关系代词高一英语必修一单元重难点易错题精练人教版
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Unit 4 Grammar【定语从句关系代词】课件-高一上学期英语课件(人教版2019必修第一册)
指人: that/who (主语) 例2: The boy_(_w_h_o_/_w_h_o_m__/_th_a_t_)__ the nurse is looking after is my friend.
指人: who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)
④that指人或物 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时 常可省略。
(1) 先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, much, something,anything, little等 She has something that you can borrow.
(2)先行词被特定 all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the same, the last修饰 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the very book that I want to read.
例5：Yesterday she talked with one woman _B___
husband died in that accident.
A. which
B. whose
C. of which
D. that
关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物 时都用whose,可理解为“…的”
只用that而不用which的情况。
6. The school in __w_h_i_c_h__ my sister once studied is very famous.
7. Professor Yang is a person from _w_h_o_m__ I have learned a lot.
指人: who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)
④that指人或物 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时 常可省略。
(1) 先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, much, something,anything, little等 She has something that you can borrow.
(2)先行词被特定 all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the same, the last修饰 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the very book that I want to read.
例5：Yesterday she talked with one woman _B___
husband died in that accident.
A. which
B. whose
C. of which
D. that
关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物 时都用whose,可理解为“…的”
只用that而不用which的情况。
6. The school in __w_h_i_c_h__ my sister once studied is very famous.
7. Professor Yang is a person from _w_h_o_m__ I have learned a lot.
人教必修一Unit 4 定语从句之关系代词(解析版)
第09练定语从句之关系代词定语从句的先行词和关系词在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句由关系词引导。
限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，主句的内容就不完整或失去意义；它和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词指代先行词，在从句中作一定的句子成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。
先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。
下面，我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布：1.关系代词that即指人又指物；作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）只用于限制性定语从句中，介词后面不能跟that。
当代替物时，可以与which通用。
Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that I gave her．昨天艾米丽穿了我送给她的新衣服。
I have a friend that likes listening to classical music我有个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。
2.关系代词which指物；作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）在非限定性定语从句中，只宜用which,不能用that.在限定性定语从句中，可用在介词之后。
My parents live in a house which is more than 100 years old我的父母住在一座具有100多年历史的房子里who,whom指人；作主语或宾语（whom常可省略）先行词必须为人。
Who可代替在从句中担任宾语的whom,若前有介词，须用whomA couch potato is a person who spends a lot of time watching TV．“A couch potato”指那种成天沉湎于电视中的人。
人教英语必修1 Unit4 grammar
高一英语人教版必修一 Unit4
Grammar
the restrictive attributive clause
关系代词：who / that / which/பைடு நூலகம்hom/whose
定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句；相当 于一个形容词。
The kinds of the Attribute:
1. A plane is a machine _th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h__can fly.(作_主___语)
2. This is a tree _t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_ch__ we planted.(作宾____语)
3. This is a girl t_h_a_t/_w_h_o__ studies hard.（作主___语） 4. The girl_t_h_a_t/_w_h_o_/_w_h_o_m__ I talked about is a friend of mine.（作_宾__语）
A.The man is called Smith.I saw him last week.
The man (Whom) I saw last week is called Smith.
B. Have you found the keys? You lost them.
Have you found the keys（ which/that ）
1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
Of whom the
3) This is the book whose (of which the) cover is blue.
Grammar
the restrictive attributive clause
关系代词：who / that / which/பைடு நூலகம்hom/whose
定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句；相当 于一个形容词。
The kinds of the Attribute:
1. A plane is a machine _th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h__can fly.(作_主___语)
2. This is a tree _t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_ch__ we planted.(作宾____语)
3. This is a girl t_h_a_t/_w_h_o__ studies hard.（作主___语） 4. The girl_t_h_a_t/_w_h_o_/_w_h_o_m__ I talked about is a friend of mine.（作_宾__语）
A.The man is called Smith.I saw him last week.
The man (Whom) I saw last week is called Smith.
B. Have you found the keys? You lost them.
Have you found the keys（ which/that ）
1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
Of whom the
3) This is the book whose (of which the) cover is blue.
2019新人教版高中英语必修一Unit4 语法 定语从句
必修一Unit4 语法定语从句定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词(现在分词或过去分词)、副词、不定式(短语)以及介词短语等来充当,也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。
定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时在从句中充当某种成分。
1.关系词引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词具体见下表:2.关系代词的用法关系代词指代先行词,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
在从句中作宾语时,关系代词常可省略。
(1)that的用法that 指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语,但that不用于引导非限制性定语从句。
Campers, in my eyes, were people that/who enjoyed insect bites, ill- cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.在我看来,露营者是喜欢蚊虫叮咬、难吃的饭菜和不舒服的睡袋的人。
( that/who在从句中作主语,不能省略)John is no longer the person ( that/who/whom) I knew five years ago.约翰不再是我五年前认识的那个约翰了。
(that/who/whom在从句中作宾语,可以省略) When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that/which reflected my interest.到了最后决定修一门课程的时候,我决定申请那门能反映我兴趣的课程。
(that/which在从句中作主语,不能省略) The city is no longer the one ( that ) it used to be.这座城市不再是它原来的样子了。
高一必修一unit4语法
定语从句(I)关系代词的用法定义—复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句基本用法：1. who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语2. whom指人，在从句中作宾语3. whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语4. which 指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语5. that 指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语一、定语从句的定义与关系词的分类1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2. 关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom,whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why 等)两类。
主句关系主语代词Beijing, which is the capital of China is a very beautiful city.先行词定语从句主句中的表语中国的首都北京是一座非常美丽的城市。
二、关系代词的基本用法1. who 指人，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
Danny was the man(who) we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
2. whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可以用who 代替The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
3. whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语I want to help the children whose parents died in the earthquake.我想帮助那些父母在地震中丧生的孩子们。
高一英语必修一unit4 语法之定语从句之关系代词
She is my daughter who has been lost for many years.
先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词 有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有：that,which,who(宾格为whom,所有格 为whose)等。
关系副词有where,when,why等。
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Grammar（1）
定语是什么？
修饰、限定、名词或代词.主要有 形容词,此外还有介词短语、动词 不定式等.
如The little boy needs a blue pen. 小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔
(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词 pen.）
5，把下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合 句
1. I don’t know the teacher.
The teacher is singing an English song.
I don’t know the teacher who is singing an English song.
2. Is it the woman scientist?
二、展示目标
1.定语从句，关系词，先行词 2.关系代词who, whom,
whose引导的定语从句（重点， 难点）
三、知识精讲
一、定语从句 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句，一般紧跟在
所修饰的先行词后，有限制性定语从句和非限制 性定语从句两种。定语从句由关系代词或关系副 词引导，相当于一个（长）形容词，所以又称为 形容词性从句。
关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句，指代先行词， 在定语从句中担当一个成分（主语、宾语、定语）。
先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词 有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有：that,which,who(宾格为whom,所有格 为whose)等。
关系副词有where,when,why等。
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Grammar（1）
定语是什么？
修饰、限定、名词或代词.主要有 形容词,此外还有介词短语、动词 不定式等.
如The little boy needs a blue pen. 小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔
(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词 pen.）
5，把下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合 句
1. I don’t know the teacher.
The teacher is singing an English song.
I don’t know the teacher who is singing an English song.
2. Is it the woman scientist?
二、展示目标
1.定语从句，关系词，先行词 2.关系代词who, whom,
whose引导的定语从句（重点， 难点）
三、知识精讲
一、定语从句 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句，一般紧跟在
所修饰的先行词后，有限制性定语从句和非限制 性定语从句两种。定语从句由关系代词或关系副 词引导，相当于一个（长）形容词，所以又称为 形容词性从句。
关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句，指代先行词， 在定语从句中担当一个成分（主语、宾语、定语）。
必修一Unit4 Grammar (1) 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系词通常有三个作用：①连接主从句；②指代 先行词；③在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从 句两类。
2．关系代词的基本用法
关系 代词
用法
例句
that
既可指人也可指 物，在定语从句 中作主语、宾语 或表语，作宾语
时常可省略。
①This is the factory that produces cars. (作主语，指物) ②The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate. (作主语，指人) ③The film (that) we saw yesterday is interesting. (作宾语，指物)
①Here is the man (whom) you are looking for.
②The woman (whom) you saw just now is our English teacher.
whose
可指人，也可指物，在定语
从句中作定语。指人时，相 当于of whom；指物时，相
当于of which。
Unit 4 Grammar
Attributive clause guided by pronoun
定语从句(Ⅰ) 1．概念 (1)定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名 词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。
(3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词 分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose， as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。
(4)当先行词本身是that时。
The clock is that which tells the time.
Unit4 单元语法 定语从句讲解素材 人教版高一英语必修第一册
新人教高一英语必修一U4 Natural Disasters 语法定语从句一．定义：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的，起限定作用的成分。
定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词（现在分词或过去分词）、不定式（短语）、介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子就是定语从句。
二、定语从句三要素1. 先行词：被修饰的名词/代词/整个主句2. 关系代词：连接先行词与定语从句（that, which, who, whom,whose）3. 关系副词：连接先行词与定语从句（where, when, why）注意：关系代词/副词的选择→看定从是否完整句子完整→用关系副词缺少成分→用关系代词定从=先行词+关系词+从句例：I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句)→I know the girl who is in red. （定语从句）例句中被修饰的词是the girl, 这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是who，称为关系词。
关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当主语。
☆总结：关系词有三个作用：（1）连接定语从句; （2）、指代先行词；（3）、在从句中充当成分关系词的用法如下表：三、关系代词的用法：定语从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词。
在从句中作宾语时，关系代词常可以省略。
1.that的用法that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，但that不用于引导非限制性定语从句。
例：The letter that I received was from my father.The girl that has long hair is my sister.The city is no longer the one that it used to be.注意：用that不用which的情况2.which 的用法which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。
必修一Unit4Grammar定语从句
Unit 4 Grammar定语从句（1）---关系代词一、lead in① I can see a boy. ② The boy is readi ng un der the tree.合并这两个句子：I can see a boy __________ is readi ng un der the tree.二、定语从句的相关概念1、复合句：复合句是相对于简单句来说的，简单句是只有一个谓语动词的句子，而复合句是由两个或两个以上的谓语动词够成的。
复合句又分为并列复合句和主从复合句。
并列句是由and, but, or等并列连词来连接的句子。
而主从复合句是由从属连词来连接的句子，包括主从，宾从，表从，定从，状从，同位语从句等。
Eg: He is a student.（简单句He is a good student so that we all like him.复合句） I hope you will succeed. I think you are right.①在复合句中作定语，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
②先行词：被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词叫做先行词。
③关系词：关系词由关系代词和关系副词来引导。
④句型:可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
Eg：（1） I see a girl who is cryi ng.（2） He who doesn ' t reach the Great Wall isn ' t a good man.3表二：（关系副词）三、真题演练1.The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination.（2011 全国）A. thatB. whichC. whoseD.who2.the old small town has narrow streets and small houses_are built close to each other.（2011. 山东）A. theyB. whereC. whatD.that3.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _____ is n amed after his gran dfather.（2010,全国卷I）A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that4.English is a Ianguage shared by several divers culture, each of uses it somewhatdiffere ntly.（2011,浙江）A. whichB. whatC. themD. those5.The professor _____ you are waiting for has come.A. whomB. whichC. whatD. he四、定语从句的做题步骤：①先判断是否是定语从句（从定义）【定定从】②找先行词（名词或代词）③明确从句所缺成分（主、宾、表、定或状）④定关系词（主、宾、表、定一关系代词，状语一系副词）五、注意事项:（一）只用that不用which的情况①当先行词为不定代词时（somethi ng, some one, anyone^）②当先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时③当先行词前有序数词修饰时④当先行词既有人又有物时⑤当先行词前有the very, the only, the last, just, no, little, few等时⑥当主句是以who, which 开头的疑问句时⑦当主句是there be结构时（二）只用which 不用that 的情况①前有介词②非限制性定语从句③先行词是that时④有两个定语从句，一个用that, 一个用which六、Exercises（1）.改写下列句子（合并）。
高必修一 U4 语法讲解：定语从句(关系代词)
2. I have seen some strange trees, _____ B open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. whose leaves C. which leaves D. their leaves 3. All _____ we need is enough rest after B long hours’ work. A. the thing B. that C.ootball, _______ is a very interesting game, is popular all over the world. which 2. This is the house in _______ he once lived. 结论4： 只能用which，不能用that的情况： 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 2. 介词提前时。
结论1： 先行词还原代入后在从句中充当主语： 指人：who / that 指物： which / that 充当宾语: 指人who(m) / that 指物 which / that 充当定语： whose 或 of which / of whom 充当表语：指人 / 物 that 注：当先行词在从句中充当宾语时，关系代词可
1. 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
He is the man ___ whom you can believe. in
2. 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配
He gave me some books _____ which I am with not very familiar.
3. 根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配
二、定语从句 当定语是由一个句子充当时，这个句子称为定 语从句；其修饰或限定的名词或代词称为先 行词。 定语从句的结构不完整，其缺少的成分由其引 导词--关系代词或关系副词充当；同时，关 系词还用于指代先行词。 This is the car which he bought last year. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句
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Unit 4 单元重点语法Grammar定语从句之关系代词高一英语必修一单元重难点易错题精练人教版Unit 4单元重点语法专项练习定语从句之关系代词一、单项选择1．You can’t imagine the damage ________ air pollution ________ to the environment. A．which; makes B．that; doesC．/; gets D．where; gives2．Women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don’t.A．who; / B．/; who C．who; who D．/; /3．We’ll call on a man ________ I believe can give us very good advice.A．which B．whoC．whom D．whomever4．Some people visited the factory ________ was founded in the summer of 2016.A．where B．whichC．it D．whose5．She was angry to see the beautiful coat ________ she had bought the day before ________ with a lot of dirt.A．which; cover B．that; coveredC．/; covering D．where; covered6．To be exact, all ________ is needed is a supply of oil.A．the thing B．thatC．what D．which7．Finally, the thief handed everything ________ he had stolen to the police.A．which B．whatC．whatever D．that8．I want to have a mobile phone ________ color is orange.A．whose B．thatC．its D．which9．The second book ________ I want to read is Business at the Speed of Thought.A．which B．whatC．that D．as10．The war and the suffering ________ caused had great effects on him.A．that B．which C．as D．it二、用单词的适当形式完成句子11．用正确的关系代词填空。
1 The place ___________ we visited was the Great Wall.2 The man ___________ I talked to was an engineer.3 The boy___________ she is looking after is my brother.4 This is the village ___________ we visited last week.5 Miss Zhou wants to talk to the students ___________ homework hasn't been finished.6 The boy___________ she is looking after is my brother.7 This is the village ___________ we visited last week.8 The boy ___________ is studying hard is John.9 The watches ___________ were repaired last week have not been sent back.10 This is the person ___________ you are looking for.11 The city ___________ she lives in is very far away.12 The building ___________ stands near the train station is a supermarket.13 -Do you know the man ___________ is talking with your father-Yes， he’s our headmaster.14 The first thing ____________ we should do is to work out the plan.15 This is the way ___________ my father did this work12．In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.13．The building ____________ doors are green is an office building.14．The student ____________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.15．I know the boy ____________ you are looking for.16．The building ____________wall is white is my uncle’s house.17．He asked about the factories and workers ____________ we had just visited.18．The film ____________ you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow.19．Do you know the man ____________ they are talking about?20．The first museum ____________ he visited in China was the History Museum.21．I’ve read all the books ____________ you lent me.22．Will you please lend me the very book ____________ you bought yesterday?23．Those ____________ want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 pm. 24．Do you have any thing ____________ you don’t understand?25．The earthquake ____________ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 26．The girl ____________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital.27．I found some photos of interesting places ____________ were not far away from our city. 28．He talked a lot about things and persons ________ he remembered in the school.29．This is the museum ____________ we visited last Saturday.30．The season ____________ comes after spring is summer.31．We don’t know the number of people ____________ lost their homes in the disaster.32．I’d like to live in a room________ window faces south.33．Is this the house ________ you were born in thirty years ago?34．The person ________ the message came did not say his name.35．John’s dream was to have a big house of his own ________ he could live with his whole family.36．There is only one thing ________ I can do.37．Who ________ has common sense will do such a thing.38．They talked for about an hour of things and persons ________ they remembered in the school.39．Is there anyone here ________ name is Tom?40．He is bargaining with the landlord over the monthly price ________ the apartment rents. 41．I have bought such a watch ________ was advertised on TV.42．The way ________he looks at problems is wrong.43．There are many people________ only online activity is sending and receiving emails. 44．Don't talk about such things______you are not sure of.45．I will never forget the way_____________my teacher taught me.46．This is the factory____________we visited last week.47．Don’t talk about such things ________ you are not sure of.48．The talk was given by a man ________ has a background in medicine.49．This is the most interesting film _________I have ever seen.50．Don’t tr ust such people ________ praise you to your face but speak ill of you behind your back.51．This is the most interesting novel ________ I have ever read.52．The first place ________ they visited in Chengdu was Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.53．Could you please pass me the book ________ cover is green?54．I didn’t like the way ________ she spoke to me.55．The police has found the same bicycle ________ Jack lost.56．We have found such materials __________ are used in their factory.57．I hope that the little __________ I have been able to do has been of some use.58．This book is specially written for the students _______ native language is not English. 59．Students living in buildings ________ have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. 60．I still remember the days ________ I spent at the school.61．Parents’ company is the best present ______ a child is eager for.62．With the aid of our teacher, we finally worked out the solution to the very problem ________ annoys us.63．They talked about the persons and things ______ impressed them most.64．The river ________ runs through the center of the city brings us lots of pleasure. 65．Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities ________ I have ever visited.66．He reached a lonely island ________was completely cut off from the outside world.67．My father bought a new bike for me___________ price is more than 1,000 yuan.68．In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment _________ is created for them.69．Hansen is the boy ________ mother is our maths teacher.70．This is the very film ________ I like most.参考答案：1．B【解析】考查定语从句和固定短语。