Paper 27高三英语双语报

2021届北京市二十七中学高三英语模拟试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记) that will educate you, comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day, read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane AustenA classic thatnever gets old. Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century, this tale centers around the Bennet family, a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match. Austen’s story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame, and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel IgnotofskyIt is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology, science, engineering and mathematics, from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena FavilliIt tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day. With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet, this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle ObamaWe wouldn’t be able to write this list without including Michelle Obama’s memoir. “Becoming” has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood, family, motherhood, her own FLOTUS impact, the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now. And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1. What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C. To help their daughters marry for true love.D. To make their daughters financially independent.2. Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A. Jane Austen’s.B.Rachel Ignotofsky’s.C.Elena Favilli’s.D.Michelle Obama’s.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D. They are all about heroes.BDragon boating is a team sport that has its root in ancient China. The boats are decorated with a dragon head and tail. In recent years cancer survivor groups have got involved in the sport to help make friends and help rebuild their lives.On a recent Saturday morning, a group of 20 women were on a boat in the Anacostia River in Washington DC. They moved their paddles(船桨)in rhythm to the call of a coach. The women belong to the dragon boat team GoPink! DC, which trains weekly. It also races against other breast cancer survivor teams in dragon boat festivals. As a result, GoPink! DC won medals in this Washington dragon boat festival.Lydia Collins joined five years ago after finding out she had breast cancer. “I was diagnosed with breast cancer.I was demoralized because of my illness - I lost all interest in life and wouldn't even get out of bed to eat. But now I love the team spirit. I just love everything about it. It is like a floating support group on the water.”The paddles are breast cancer survivors and their supporters. Annette Rothemel helped establish(建立)the group in 2006. She is a researcher with the National Institutes of Health as well as a breast cancer survivor. “It is sort of an easy entry sport because on the same boat people at different levels can be doing the same sport.” But Ms Rothemel saysdragon boating can be physically demanding, especially for someone who is sick and getting treatment for cancer.“It’s hard but I think you have to challenge yourself in life. This is something I look forward to. I get to be out here with my sisters and supporters that understand what I’m going through and help motivate me. So it makes me stronger and it makes me feel better,” another cancer survivor Rhonda Hartzel said.Annette Rothemel says the cancer survivors feel a sense of sisterhood and share good times when they paddle together. She says both feelings are treasured by the team.4. What do the underline wordsdemoralizedIn para.3 probably mean?A. depressedB. anxiousC. astonishedD. awkward5. What can we know about Lydia Collims from the text?A. she helps establish Go Pink !DCB. she tries to find a cure for the cancerC. she benefits from the dragon boat raceD. she gives up hope because of her illness6. How can the dragon boat race help the cancer survivorsA. forget their tough experiencesB. recover physically and mentallyC. get rid of the pains of their cancerD. enjoy their rest life without sufferings7. What does the text tell us about Annette Rothemel?A. she is an expert in studying the cause of the cancerB. she helps the cancer survivors in financial difficultiesC. she believes there is a healthful result from the dragon boat raceD. she thinks it unwise for the patient to join in the dragon boat raceCIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorktoteach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.8. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.9. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.10. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.11. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.DWhen my friend suggested going to the op shop (二手商店)，instantly I thought “I hope no one I know sees me”. It was the same when my cousin commented on my new furniture and Japanese, fine-bone-china bowls and asked where I got them. They were from the local op shop but instead I said “from the antique shop”.Many people in my Greek-Cypriot community would look down on me if I said I shopped at the op shop. Theymay pity me, consider me poor, a failure. Immigrants sacrificed their families and homes for a better life. Buying a house and having enough money to live comfortably, to educate your children and see them also live comfortably, are a big part of the immigrant dream, But has this dream made us materialistic at the cost of our own planet?Our love for purchasing the latest trendy clothes or furniture, then donating them when we are tired of them has become normal. I was once like this. But after watching the documentaryThe True CostI learned donated clothes that don’t get sold are sent to developing nations, many of them ending up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). In addition, your new dress requires electricity and materials to make. But if you buy a second-hand dress, that’s one less dress in a landfill and one less new dress to be made.A friend introduced me to op shopping only a few years ago. My firstitem was a dress she gifted me. It was lovely and I loved it. Nobody could tell it was second-hand. This opened me up to purchasing more second-hand high quality branded clothes. Once I visited a friend and was impressed by how she decorated her apartment. “It’s all second-hand,” she said. I couldn’t believe it. The truth is a lot of things sold at the op shop are in new or almost new condition. That’s when I made the decision to only buy second-hand things.Selling second-hand things isn’t anything new butwhat the planet needs is more buyers. There is so much excess (过量) production in the world. So stop feeling ashamed, and let’s get shopping.12. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?A. Pride.B. Embarrassment.C. Delight.D. Sympathy.13. Whatare many people in the author’s community like?A. They are probably materialistic.B. They care about the environment.C. They think highly of op shopping.D. They look down upon immigrants.14. What was the author encouraged to do after visiting her friend’s apartment?A. Watch the documentaryThe True Cost.B. Donate more to local charities.C. Avoid shopping too much.D. Stop buying new things.15. What’s the purpose of the text?A. To entertain.B. To advertise.C. To persuade.D. To describe.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

听说训练第28期原文及参考答案PART A：Reading Aloud 模仿朗读To Lisa Cherkasky, every detail makes a big difference.?坨| She is looking for justthe righ（t） position for this topping ?坭on a Salmon Sandwich. Finally?坭, everything seems ?坭picture perfect?坨. | Cherkasky is a food stylis（t）. | Her job is to make food?坭 look tasty. ?坨| Today?坭, Cherkasky is styling bread from the Gold ?坭Crust Baking Company?坨.PART B: Role Play 角色扮演录像原文：W: Wow! They look very delicious, don’t they? M: Of course. To be honest, I have been very h ungry when working just now. This morning I didn’t have breakfast. So I prepare this good supper. W: I am sorry to hear that. But why, Bill? Did you get up late so that you didn’t have time ? You should know breakfast is the most important meal of the day. M: You know I have a very busy schedule every day and have no time to have breakfast.1. Please get ready to ask three questions according to the following Chinese tips.Q1: Where do you have lunch? A1: For lunch I often have some fast food in the company to save time. You know, time in the day is very valuable for me. Q2: What do you usually have for supper? A2: Supper is my main meal in a day, so I usually have steak, pork chop and fried chicken for supper at about six o’clock. Q3: Do you have lunch and supper on time every day?A3: It all depends on my time whether I have lunch on time or not. But for supper, I have it at six o’clock on time every day, because I think it is a reward I deserve for my hard work.2. Please get ready to answer five questions in English.Q1: What did the man have for breakfast this morning? A1: He had nothing for breakfast. Q2: Why does the man not have breakfast? A2: Because he is very busy and has no time to have breakfast. Q3: What does the woman think of breakfast? A3: She thinks breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Q4: What does the man usually have for supper? A4: He usually has steak, pork chop and fried chicken for supper. Q5: Why does the man eat supper on time every day? A5: Because he thinks having supper is a reward he deserves for his hard work.PART C: Retelling 故事复述录音内容：Joe loved eating hamburgers. Every weekend, Joe and his friend Daniel would go to the McDonalds.He liked hamburgers so much that during the week he couldn’t stop thinking about them. One night, he dreamed about hamburgers. In his dream there appearedmany hamburgers. They looked very delicious. So Joe took two enormous hamburgers, and ate them in one bite. Suddenly he felt sick, for he had eaten too much and too quickly. His stomach was hurting. Joe looked at himself in the mirror.There was such a big stomach that he shouted loud. This woke Joe up with a start and he ran to the mirror to check his stomach. It had all been a dream. The next day, Joe and Daniel went for hamburgers as usual. Just as they were entering the restaurant, Joe stopped and said that he didn’t want a hamburger that day. He said to Daniel if they kept on eating hamburgers frequently, they would get fat or sick. So Joe suggested changing the hamburger for a salad. They should eat salads more often, and that way their diet would be healthier. Daniel agreed with him.That was how the boys realized they should eat much more vegetables for a healthy diet.Summary:Joe liked hamburgers so much that during the week, he couldn’t stop thinking about them. One night, he had a dream. In the dream he ate two hamburgers in one bite so that he felt sick and his stomach became very big. This dream influenced Joe. The next day, in the restaurant he didn’t order humbuggers as usual, but ordered salads. Joe thought they shouldn’t eat hamburgers often, but should eat more vegetables for a healthy diet.第28期A版测试题参考答案1-5 CDBCB 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 DADBC16-25 (One possible version)16. have dreamt 17. which 18. different 19. a 20. Seated 21. if 22. his23. as 24. Luckily 25. in26-30 BBCCC 31-35 BDCBC36-40 DDBBA 41-45 DACCA46-50 EDFCB基础写作 (One possible version)The blue whale, about 30 meters in length and 170 tons or more in weight, is the largest animal that human beings have ever known. It has four subspecies, which can be mostly found in the North Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. Between the late 19th century and the middle of 20th century, blue whales were hunted and killed so largely that they almost died out. To protect blue whales, laws were made by different countries of the world in 1966 and people are forbidden to hunt and kill them. A report in 2013 shows that at present, there are only about 25,000 blue whales left in the world.读写任务 (One possible version)The passage tells us that it is common for us to escape responsibility for what we did wrong. It points out that taking the blame is very helpful to make friends or gain success.Indeed, when making mistakes, we always find excuses for ourselves and rarely have the courage to face them. In my opinion, we should face our faults bravely.Once, a boy got an axe as a present from his father. He liked it and tried it by cutting his father’s tree. His father was very sad about his tree, saying anyone who did this would be punished. Finally, the boy told him the truth. His father forgave him because he thought his son was honest, facing his own mistake. The boy is George Washington, the first American president!I think we should learn from George Washington. Firstly, be honest and never tell lies. Secondly, face our faults bravely instead of blaming others. Lastly, regard faults or failures as opportunities to improve ourselves, because failure is just a stepping-stone to success.听力练习28第一节1-5 BBACA6-10 BCBCB11-15 CCBAB第二节16-20 (One possible version)16. My Family 17. got married18. Younger brother19. 16 years old 20. two听力练习（28）听力原文第一节Conversation 1M: Is that Jenny over there talking to Tom? W: Yes. She came back from London yesterday for Christmas. M: How long will she stay in New York? W: For about ten days. Then she’ll go to Paris for a trip. M: Will she go back to London? W: Sure. She loves her job there.Conversation 2W: Is tha t you, Mark? I almost didn’t recognize you. M: Yeah. I’ve put on 20 pounds in the past half a year. Now I’m 160 pounds. W: Why did you put on so much weight? M: You know, Alice is really a good cook. She makes nice food every day. W: Well, that was why you married her in the first place.Conversation 3W: Look at Mrs Brown. What’s wrong? M: Her son Jim has just fallen down some steps. He was running and missed a step. W: I’m so sorry to hear that. Is it serious? M: I guess so. Look at her. She must be looking for some help. W: Maybe she needs someone to take them to the hospital. Mr Brown works in the center of the city. I don’t think he can get back in time. Can you drive? M: Yes. W: Then let’s go and ask if we can give them a hand.Conversation 4M: Hi, Jenny. What a surprise to see you here! Aren’t you traveling in Beijing with Mike now? W: Sorry, I’m not Jenny. I’m her sister Anna. M: Gosh! You two really look like each other. Are you twins? W: Yes. She is ten minutes older than me. M: It must be int eresting to have a twin sister. W: Well, not so interesting. We’ve to share almost everything. So are you a friend of Jenny? M: We’r e in the same class. Your sister didn’t talk much about her family, so I didn’t know she has a twin sister. Are you seeing off someone here? W: Actually I’m taking a flight to New Zealand withmy parents. We like traveling. What about you? M: I came with a friend. She’s going to London for her summer holiday.Conversation 5M: Lucy, I heard you’re looking for a job. Why do you no longer want to work for your uncle? W: He no longer wanted to work and has sold his shop. M: Why did he no longer want to work? He was making money, wasn’t he? W: Yes, he was. But he wanted to spend more time with his family. You know, he’s almost sixty years old now. M: So what kind of job are you looking for now? I remember you once said you wanted to teach in a kindergarten. W: Not now. I want to work in a company. M: What can you do? W: I can be a secretary. M: I’ve some good news for you. My manager is looking for a secretary. I can ask him to arrange a job interview for you. W: That’s great! Thanks, Mark.Conversation 6M: What a beautiful day today! W: Yes. It has been raining a lot recently. I’m so glad it finally turned fine. M: Me, too. How about taking a walk in the park? We can go to our favorite Chinese restaurant after the walk. W: Haven’t you heard that therestaurant was closed yesterday? M: What a shock! So what will they do with it? W: I heard a Chinese man wants to buy it and open a school there. Aren’t you interested in learning Chinese? You can go and learn there. M: That sounds like a good idea. So where shall we eat this noon? W: There is a French restaurant nearby. How about going there? M: I had supper with a friend there last week. And I didn’t want to go back there again. W: Then how about some Italian food? M: Sounds like a good idea. 第二节Now let me intr oduce my family to you. My name is Susan. I’m 20 years old now. My mother, whose name is Linda, comes from New York. She met my father, David, in Chicago in 1988. Two years later, they got married and three years later I was born.I have one younger brother and one younger sister. My brother, Mike, is two years younger than me and my sister Ann is two years younger than him. My grandparents on my mother’s side both come from Australia, but when they married they movedto New York and they still live there. On my father’s side my grandparents, Tom and Mary, come from Spain. My father has two sisters, Anna and Tina, and my mother has one brother, who has a daughter called Alice. I used to spend a lot of time with my cousin Alice, but I don’t see her so much th ese days. She now lives with her family in Los Angeles. That’s all. Thank you.。

英语周报27期刊答案第27期参考答案及部分解析：[参考答案]1-5 CBDAC 6-10 DDCAB [解析]1. C。

第一个空用the特指“那幅已经完成的画”；with satisfaction为固定短语，意为“满意地”。

2. B。

抽象名词和不定冠词连用表示抽象名词的具体化。

句中的a drink表示“一杯饮料”，a comfort意为“给人安慰的事物”。

3. D。

表示官衔职务的名词作表语、补语或同位语时，其前不加冠词，故第一个空不需要冠词；take the place of sb. 取代某人的位置。

4. A。

food science表示的是抽象概念，其前不加任何冠词，而后面的factory是可数名词，故用a表示泛指。

5. C。

第一空用不定冠词a表示泛指；by the evening为惯用法。

6. D。

句意为：他给我的第一印象是他是个善良且有思想的年轻人。

impression在此意为“印象，感觉”。

expression表达，表情；attention注意；satisfaction满意。

7. D。

由分号前面的句子可知，《哈利?波特》丛书很受欢迎，所以在这个城市其“需求”很大。

demand意为“需要，需求”。

quality质量，品质，性质；progress进展，进步；production生产，产品。

8. C。

句意为：你工作一直太辛苦。

你最好在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。

keep a balance between A and B是固定搭配，意为“在A和B之间保持平衡”。

9. A。

根据后半句的进一步解释So it is my best choice（这是我最好的选择）可知，这里是说“英语是我的强项”。

strength在此意为“优势，强项”。

10. B。

句意为：你最好记下这家餐馆的电话号码以备日后查看（for future reference）。

reference在此意为“查询，查阅”。

[名词和冠词专练][参考答案] 1-5 BCADD 6-10 CDDAB 11-15 DCBDD 16-20 BCCCD 21-25 ADACD 26-30 BCADD 31-35 CBCCA 36-40 BDBDC [部分解析]1. B。

牛津版三年级英语报纸第27期答案1、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few2、He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. [单选题] *A. anyB. someC. few(正确答案)D. many3、22．______ is convenient to travel between Pudong and Puxi now. [单选题] *A．It(正确答案)B．ThisC．ThatD．What4、It was _____the policeman came_____the parents knew what had happened to their son. [单选题] *A.before…asB. until…whenC. not until…that(正确答案)D.until…that5、My brother is too shy. He _______ speaks in front of lots of people. [单选题] *A. alwaysB. usuallyC. seldom(正确答案)D. sometimes6、30．It is known that ipad is _________ for the old to use. [单选题] *A．enough easyB．easy enough (正确答案)C．enough easilyD．easily enough7、69．Online shopping is easy, but ________ in the supermarket usually ________ a lot of time. [单选题] *A．shop; takesB．shopping; takeC．shop; takeD．shopping; takes(正确答案)8、If you don’t feel well, you’d better ask a ______ for help. [单选题] *A. policemanB. driverC. pilotD. doctor(正确答案)9、--Do you have a _______?--Yes, I _______ at a clothes store. [单选题] *A. work; workB. work; jobC. job; jobD. job; work(正确答案)10、In many cities, a low-carbon lifestyle has become（）. [单选题] *A. more popular and more popularB. more and more popular(正确答案)C. the most popularD. most and most popular11、Mary _______ Math. [单选题] *A. is good at(正确答案)B. do well inC. is good forD. is good with12、John and Jack had looked for the key, but _____ of them found it. [单选题] *A. noneB. neither(正确答案)C. bothD. either13、Be careful when you _______ the street. [单选题] *A. are crossingB. is crossingC. cross(正确答案)D. is cross14、I have worked all day. I'm so tired that I need _____ . [单选题] *A. a night restB. rest of nightC. a night's rest(正确答案)D. a rest of night15、Every year Carl _______ most of his time swimming, camping and traveling with his parents. [单选题] *A. is spendingB. spentC. will spendD. spends(正确答案)16、John had planned to leave but he decided to stay in the hotel for _____ two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. another(正确答案)C. the otherD. others17、Betty works as a waitress to earn money for her education. [单选题] *A. 服务员(正确答案)B. 打字员C. 秘书D. 演员18、In the future, people ______ a new kind of clothes that will be warm when they are cold, and cool when they’re hot.（）[单选题] *A. wearB. woreC. are wearingD. will wear(正确答案)19、I knocked on the door but _______ answered. [单选题] *A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobody(正确答案)D. everybody20、I hadn't realized she was my former teacher _____ she spoke [单选题] *A. asB. sinceC. until(正确答案)D. while21、--What are the young people doing there？--They are discussing how to _______?the pollution in the river. [单选题] *A. come up withB. talk withC. deal with(正确答案)D. get on with22、The manager isn’t in at the moment. May I _______ a message? [单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. makeC. haveD. keep23、Be _______ when you are driving. [单选题] *A. afraidB. careful(正确答案)C. clearD. clean24、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long25、57．Next week will be Lisa's birthday. I will send her a birthday present ________ post. [单选题] *A．withB．forC．by(正确答案)D．in26、I think _______ is nothing wrong with my car. [单选题] *A. thatB. hereC. there(正确答案)D. where27、When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back one the shelf, ____? [单选题] *A. do youB. don’t youC. will you(正确答案)D. won’t you28、—______ my surprise, Zhu Hui won the first prize in the speech contest. —But I think he could, because he kept practicing speaking.（）[单选题] *A. To(正确答案)B. AboutC. ForD. In29、I'm sorry I cannot see you immediately. But if you wait, I'll see you_____. [单选题] *A. for a momentB. in a moment(正确答案)C. for the momentD. at the moment30、My home is about _______ away from the school. [单选题] *A. three hundred metreB. three hundreds metresC. three hundred metres(正确答案)D. three hundreds metre。

2020年南京市第二十七高级中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGet up to 19% off the cover pricePlus, get digital access with your paid print subscription●Up-to-date news that touches your lifeFrom money-saving tips and quick reports on the latest healthcare, to inspiring articles on world events, you'll discover hundreds of ideas for living a richer, more satisfying life.●Read it anytime, anywhereGet a l-year-print subscription ofReader's Digestmagazine today and you'll also get free digital instantly. With digital access, you can read the latest issue ofReader's Digestanytime, anywhere! Plus, you can quickly access your past issues online, too.●Continuous renewal serviceYour subscription will automatically renew at the end of each term until you cancel. You authorize us to charge you credit/debit cardat the discounted rate on the renewal service unless you cancel. You may cancel at anytime by visiting Customer Care and receive a refund on all unmailed issues.●Other informationThe cover price ofReader's Digestis $3.99 per issue and it is currently published 10 times annually. Please check the confirmation page and your mailbox to download detailed instructions.1. What is the annual fee for subscription?A. $32. 3.B. $39. 9.C. $40.D. $47. 9.2. Which of the following words best describes the content inReader's Digest?A. Touching and amusing.B. Inspiring and practical.C. Amazing and entertaining.D. Educational and theoretical.3. If you subscribe toReader’s Digest, you can ________.A. have as many issues as possible every yearB. renew your subscription at the original rateC. get back your money for the issues not mailedD. obtain all the past issues online anytime, anywhereBIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and math?It hasbeen suggested that girls do not take math courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive (有魅力的).However, there are still more high-achieving boys than girls when taking math exams. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who gave answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of math and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and math and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many math and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.4. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?A. To find differences between boys and girls.B. To explain the poor performance of girls.C. To ask readers a question.D. To introduce the topic.5. The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achievements.A. biologicalB. personalC. socialD. historical6. What does the text say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not offer answers to them.B. They started learning math at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in math.7. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boysCThe COVID-19 vaccination（接种疫苗）rate in the US has fallen to newlows in recent weeks, threatening President Joe Biden’s goal of having 70 percent of American adults with at least one shot by July 4.With just less than one month from July 4, the current vaccination rate will put the US at somewhere between 67 percent and 68 percent of the adult population with at least one dose（剂量）by Independence Day. To reach 70 percent by July 4, around 1.6 percent of the population needs to get their first dose per week from now until July 4.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC）reported last week that 63 percent of adults hadreceived their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. That was up slightly from 62 percent from the report a week before. The additional 1 percent of adults completing their first dose is the lowest since the CDC started tracking the vaccination rate in mid-February.On average, fewer than 1 million shots are given out per day, a decline of more than two-thirds from the peak of 3.4 million in April, The Washington Post reported. In South Carolina, about 71,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3, compared to a high of nearly 300,000 in one week in early April, according to data from the CDC.The slowdown is moreprominentacross the South and Midwest. Twelve states have seen vaccinations fall to 15 daily shots per 10,000 residents. Less than a quarter of black Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot as of June 7.James Hildreth, CEO of Meharry Medical College, told Politico, “We need to make a stronger effort to bring the vaccine to the communities, rather than relying on the communities to come to vaccination centers.”The sharp decline in vaccination began in mid-April when federal officials temporarily stopped the use of theJohnson＆Johnson vaccine while they investigated rare blood-clotting（凝血）reactions.The “low-hanging fruit—thosepeople who ly want to get vaccinated without you telling them anything” have already been vaccinated, which has led to the slowdown, Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said on a White House-organized call with community leaders last week, according to the Post.8. What can we learn from the text?A. Dr Anthony Fauci is in charge of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.B. In South Carolina, about 300,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3C. In mid-April federal officials temporarily suspended the Johnson＆Johnson vaccine.D. Less than one fourth of Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot by June 7.9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prominent” in Para. 5?A. Meaningful.B. Obvious.C. Inspiring.D. Complex.10. How can America increase the COVID-19 vaccination rate according to James Hildreth?A. By giving the vaccine shot at the communities.B. By offering the vaccine to the public for free.C. By frequently informing the public of the vaccine.D. By urging the communities to come to vaccination centers.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Biden wishes to have 70% of adults with one shot by July 4B. CDC has been trackingthe vaccination rate since mid-FebruaryC. Some Americans need to get vaccinated without telling them toD. Biden’s July 4th vaccine goal may be missedDWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything youcan to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.12. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.13. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.14. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.15. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

英语资源频道为⼤家整理的⾼⼀学⽣双语报答案27期，供⼤家阅读参考。

⼀、语⾔知识及运⽤第⼀节完形填空 Last year was the first year when I taught the fifth grade. Recently, I've been by a "graduated" student for the first time. I was really surprised when he walked into my home. He hasn't physically changed much since my class last year and if I had had to guess who would come to visit me first, I wouldn't have thought of him. Carlos was a student who had a hard time sitting in the beginning of last year. He would often to go to the bathroom, and he'd talk or look like he was falling asleep because of little sleep. He often needed in doing anything that other students could do well on their own. I found out that the reason for his behavior in my classroom was that he had been nightmares (噩梦) about his border-crossing experience. He was that the immigration office would take him or his parents to prison or back to their trying to leam a(n) language, which he had never touched before. When he was in my class, onc thing that stood out was that he had a(n) time speaking English. But when he walked in my room yesterday, all of that was missing. In walked a calm, boy who spoke and understood English far better than when he left me in June. He even to speak to my class in the sixth grade in English. He told me he remembered doing sign language and the video I made to help him his English. His visit a lot to me not only because he has made great progress, but also because it reminded me what it means to be a teacher — to have a lasting influence on . l. A. treated B. recognized C. visited D. invited 2. A. leaving B. attending C. teaching D. organizing 3. A. fast B. beautifully C. still D. actively 4. A. promise B. ask C. continue D. plan 5. A. notice B. help C. time D. work 6. A. suffering B. making C. receiving D. destroying 7. A. angry B. sorry C. afraid D. disappointed 8. A. boss B. school C. street D. country 9. A. interesting B. new C. easy D. useless 10. A. unforgettable B. enjoyable C. difficult D. funny 11. A. hard-working B. naughty C. rich D. confident 12.A. pretendedB. offeredC. refusedD. feared 13. A. improve B. copy C. examine D.find 14. A. threw B. pulled C. took D. meant15. A. audience B. parents C. students D. speakers。

双语报英语高二27期作文双语报英语高二27期作文1The Best Way to Learn KnowledgeSince I go to high school, I make plans for myself. To enter a better university, I must study hard. I know my advantages and weakness. I am good at Chinese and English while I am weak in math and geograph. So I pay special attention to improve the subjects that I am weak in. Even though I have tried hard to listen to my teacher and practise so hard, my math is still so weak. So I decide to ask my classmate who is good at math, and she is very excited to teach me. During our communication, I find her mind is very active and she has a special way to solve the questions. I realize that the best way to learn konwledge is to share opinions with others, so that we can broaden our mind and find more ways to solve the problem.双语报英语高二27期作文2Join the ActivityHigh school is the very important stage for students, even the turning point of their lives. Once they learn well, they can enter theideal university and fulfill their dreams. So a lot of students pay all their attention to the study and ignore joining the after-class activity. They think it is a waste of time to do it, instead they’d rather put more time to make up their lessons. It is the common misunderstanding of after-class activity. On the one hand, taking the activity can help students reduce their pressure. When students face the lessons all the time, they are nervous and easy to stuck in the difficulty. The activity brings students the happy hour and forget their worries. On the other hand, the activity can broaden students’ vision and enrich their knowledge, which are useful in their lessons. So after-class life is also the part of students’ lives, don’t refuse it.双语报英语高二27期作文3The Unfinished StoryMany years ago, the movie The Pirates of the Caribbean was very popular around the world. Many kids were so crazy about the captain Jack, who was sly but reliable. When the third episode came out, it seemed that the story had came to its end, because the ending was perfect though a little sad for the two main charaters. What’s more, captain Jack had got what he wanted. If the movie continued, it may probably sucked. But the producers had provedthat the story was unfinished, and captain Jack kept his adventurein the fourth episode. It still caught people’s attention and won many praise. Recently, the preview of the fifth episode came out, the fans could find many attractive riddles. We still believe that the story has its charm and can attract people to buy tickets.双语报英语高二27期作文4The Amazing SummerLast summer, my friend asked me to go to his hometown to spend the summer vacation. I asked my parents for permission and they said yes. When I got to his place, I was so surprised because there was a beach near his house. It was so beautiful, many kids played there. The water was so blue under the sunshine. It was so fun to swim in the water. In the morning, I woke up early and took a walk along the beach, and I could hear the sea water’s coming voice.I saw a lot of people traveled here and took pictures. In the evening, when the sun was down, we played the games and sometimes we swam. It was such a good memory for me. I liked the leisure lifestyle. When summer comes, I will always think of the happy days in the beach.双语报英语高二27期作文5。

2020届南京市第二十七高级中学高三英语三模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Children's MuseumFounded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children, today BCM is comprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments, masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn, a small cityscape（城市风光）lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.Children's Museum of ManhattanLooking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds? Then head to Inside Art, the current show up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits. It's ideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.DiMenna Children's History MuseumThe hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYC. Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.Staten Island Children's MuseumStaten Island Children's Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11, so you'll find immersive（沉浸式的）fun around every corner. Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.1. Which museum provides biology classes for kids?A. Brooklyn Children's Museum.B. Staten Island Children's Museum.C. Children's Museum of Manhattan.D. DiMenna Children's History Museum.2. What can kids do in DiMenna Children's History Museum?A. Play interesting games with great firefighters.B. Know about famous people's childhood lives.C. Run stores like adults in different small streets.D. Cook delicious local food with foreign athletes.3. Where can kids learn how to protect the environment?A. At Ladder 11.B. At the Block Harbor.C In Green Living Room. D. On a human-sized anthill.BA former UPS driver and his wife have made history by donating $20 million to Morgan State University – the largest gift any historically black college or university (HBCU) has ever received from a former student. The money, pledged by Calvin Tyler Jr and his wife Tina, will fund scholarships that were established under the Tylers’ name in 2002.Tyler grew up in a low-income family and was forced to drop out of Morgan State University in 1963 because he could no longer afford to study. The following year, Tyler saw a job advertisement in a Baltimore newspaper from United Parcel Service and got a job with the company as a driver. He rose through the ranks during his 34-year career at the global shipping company to become its senior vice president of US operations and a member of the board of directors before retiring in 1998.Tyler and his wife, also a Baltimore native, have lived all across the country but he said they have never forgotten their humble beginnings.Their latest pledge follows a $5million commitment they made in 2016 for the fund, which to date has supported 222 students with full or partial scholarships.Marybeth Gasman, a professor at Rutgers University who studies HBCUs, said the gift is significant because public HBCU’s like Morgan State University tend to have a lower alumni giving rate compared to private ones.“For a long time, they weren’t asking alumni to give,” she said. But that has changed in the past couple of decades, she added, and the schools have “started asking alumni to give and creating a culture of philanthropy (慈善) on campus.”David K. Wilson, the president of Morgan State University, said the money will help students for years to come. “Morgan is so proud to call this son and daughter of the great city of Baltimore our own,” he said in a statement. “Through their historic giving, the doors of higher education will most certainly be kept open for generations of aspiring leaders whose financial shortfalls may have kept them from realizing their academicdreams.”“We are forever indebted to the Tylers”.4. Why is Tyler’s donation historic?A. He was a former UPS driver.B. The donation is large enough.C. The donation will fund his scholarships.D. He used to be a student at the university.5. What is a driving force of Tyler’s donation?A. His working experiences.B. His career achievements.C. His promise to the university.D. His past embarrassing situations.6. Which is true about HBCUs according to Gasman?A. They are mainly public universities.B. They are encouraging alumni to donate.C. They rarely accept help from the alumni.D. They have changed little over the decades.7. What can be inferred about Tyler from Wilson’s comments?A. He’s helped many city leaders.B. He’s grateful to his university.C. He’s made great contributions.D. He’s proud of his son and daughter.CEvery day in the United States animals are beaten, ignored, or forced to struggle for survival. Left in poor conditions with no food or water, they have little hope as they live out their days without the mercy they deserve. Some are found and rescued, given the chance to experience how great life and humans can be; others aren't so lucky. To grow as a nation, we must fight for these abused(受虐待的) animals’ rights and seriously punish heartless owners.One of the first steps in protecting animals and creating effective cruelty laws is to know what animal cruelty actually is. There are two categories: passive cruelty and active cruelty. The first involves acts of omission, meaning the abuse happens as a result of ignorance or lack of action. Passive cruelty might seem less serious, but that is not the case; it can lead to terrible pain and suffering, and finally death. Examples include starvation, inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and the failure to get medical care. Passive cruelty is sometimes due to the owner's ignorance, so many animal control officers will first try to educate ignorant ownerson how to properly care for animals before giving them a citation(传票) or putting them in prison.Active cruelty, on the other hand, is more well-known and disturbing. Sometimes referred to as non-accidental injury, this type of abuse involves purposeful harm on an animal in order to feel more powerful or gain control. Active cruelty against animals should be taken very seriously, since it can be a sign that a person has serious psychological issues and may commit more acts of violence---possibly against humans.It is hard to tell just what drives people to harm innocent animals. Most animal abusers find some sort of achievement or power in torturing a victim that they know can't fight back. While not all animal abusers become serial killers, it is important to take every case seriously.As a nation we need to make it our right to come together and ensure the safety of our beloved pets. As Margaret Mead once said, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”8. What is the first step to do with the passive cruelty abusers?A. To throw them into prison.B. To bring the case to the court.C. To teach them how to treat animals.D. To give them a strong warning.9. We can learn from Para.3 that active cruelty ______.A. is actually a sign of power or controlB. has been taken seriously in the nationC. may lead to serious psychological problemsD. may cause acts of violence against humans10. What is the author’s attitude towards animal cruelty?A. Uncertain.B. Doubtful.C. Concerned.D. Pessimistic.11. The author wrote this passage to ______.A. warn those heartless pet ownersB. tell people the harm of animal crueltyC. explain the reasons why people harm animalsD. call on people to fight for the abused animalsDA 24-year-old female space commander has become a viral sensation on Chinese social media for her work.Zhou Chengyu was in charge of the rocket connector system---described as a vital role. Her story in particular hasdrawn the public’s attention given her young age. Social media users have been celebrating her brilliance and referring to her as pride of the country.Being the youngest of the team, Zhou Chengyu was born in1996 intheprovinceofGuizhou. She is certainly not “old” enough compared with her colleagues, but she is known at work as "Big Sister” as a sign of respect. Once in a 3-km running contest, she actually beat half of her male counterparts. Although work shifts are not uncommon at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, each shift requires tremendous courage because of the different background knowledge. However, for Zhou Chengyu, she experienced multiple positions in 5 launching tests and now she is the youngest commander at the site.Despite carefulness and high responsibility at work, she is just like her peers in normal life. Eating snacks and shopping are her favorite free-time activities. Her high school teacher remembers her as tough and determined. “She always had a dream of becoming scientist,” said her physics teacher.According to her colleague, Zhou Chengyu was very surprised when she found out shewent viralonline. She said that she was happy when she saw people online regarding her as the pride of the country, and yet she kept saying that she was “nobody but normal worker at a launch site” and there are a lot more people just like her going unnoticed while doing the hardest job to guarantee a better future for the Chinese space program. She also said that she wished to remain her current status and continue doing her work with or without the popularity.12. What makes Zhou Chengyu the pride of the country?A. Her young age.B. Her vital role in her work.C. Her great courage.D. Her responsibility at work.13. Which of the following words can best describe Zhou Chengyu?A. Learned and confident.B. Respectable and generous.C. Patient and responsible.D. Modest and determined.14. Which of the following can replace the underlined words in paragraph 5?A. took prideB. made a contributionC. became a hitD. made an achievement15. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Young PrideB. A Successful ColleagueC. An Extraordinary DreamD. An Ambitious Commander第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届南京市第二十七高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWelcome to join our Summer Youth Language Program to improve English language skills, make new friends worldwide. and have a good time here! The program capacity is limited, so if you are interested, you should register as soon as possible.Dates andCostsAll programs require a $ 100 nonrefundable deposit (不退还的押金)to reserve a spot in the program.June 15—July 16 5-week program：( $ 1920)July 20—August 20 5-week program：( $ 1920)June 15—August 20 10-week program：( $ 3620)You can also study with us for shorter periods. 4-week programs cost $ 1580 tuition and 3-week programs cost $ 1240.DiscountsThere is a 10% discount for each additional family member!Appropriate AgesRecommended Ages：14 and olderRestrictions：Students who are younger than 16 must have a parent or guardian with them.Program ScheduleIn the morning, you will join the all-aged Intensive English classes from 9：00 am to 2：00 pm, Monday to Thursday, where they can meet other students from worldwide. In the afternoonfrom 2 to 3 pm, we will have fun after-school activities, like soccer in the Park, visit toScienceMuseumand story writing competition.Items Students Should BringClothes：Shirts, a jacket, long pants ,a swimsuit and comfortable shoes, etc.Other personal items：Camera phone? plug adapter, photos of friends/family.Study materials：Notebooks, pens, and pencils.Airport Safe Items：Don't bring foods and snacks, or they'll be charged before you board the airport.1. How much will be charged if you and your brother join in a 3-week program?A. $ 1920,B. $ 2356.C. $3002.D. $ 3620.2. What will participants do at 2：30 pm on Monday?municate with foreign students.B. Attend intensive English classes.C. Join in some interesting activities.D. Talk with their parents on the phone.3. Why should students avoid bringing foods and snacks?A. To save space for their luggage.B. To protect the environment.C. To avoid any unwanted fees.D. To follow the rules of the airport.BMark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It's life-changing but it's not life-ending,” he says. “Doing work is harder now. Everything is just a little different.”After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to make light of his condition by asking Eric Catalano, a tattoo (纹身) artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”When Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked so real that no one could believe their eyes, he had no idea the image would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical (辅助医疗的) tattooing. Now people with life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop. They enter Eternal Ink looking for the artistic healing they saw online. Using flesh-toned (肉色的) inks and a needle, Catalano transforms his clients' view of themselves.Leslie Pollan, 32, a dog breeder in Oxford, was bitten on the face by a puppy in 2014. She underwent countless surgeries to correct a scar on her lip.“Plastic surgery gave me no hope,” she says. “So I looked for other options.” She ultimately traveled six hours to meet with Catalano. He hid Pollan's lip scar, giving her back a piece of her confidence.“ You don't understand until you've been through it,” Pollan says. “It made me have a different look on life.”Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn't charge for paramedical tattoos. “Financially, it doesn't make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see that emotion from my customers, I'm 100 percent sure this is something that I can't stop doing.”4. What best describes people's attitude when first hearing of fingernail tattoos?A. Indifferent.B. Ridiculous.C. Confident.D. Surprised.5. What did Catalano do to help Leslie Pollan?A. He drew an artistic puppy.B. He inked scars on her face.C. He created a lip tattoo.D. He performed plastic surgeries on her.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Cosmetic surgery is of no use.B. Tattoos earn Mark Bertram a good fame.C. Catalano is a kind and generous person.D. Fingernail tattoos are popular around the world.7. What could be the best title for the text?A. A Life-changing EventB. Miracle TattoosC. An Amazing ArtistD. A Promising BusinessCSome years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conrady's Applied Optics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahl's Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as ‘black boxes’, although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahl's book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designer's needs very much in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to anunderstanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahl's approach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expects the reader, at very point, to be master of the preceding exposition.8. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of ______.A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designersC. too much mathematical detail in the theoryD. not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters9. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to ______.A. the students who are major in mathematical geometryB. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC. the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designsD. those who are interested in physics10. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is ______.A. indirect ways of learning mathematicsB. a fundamental power within the theoryC. the conceptual elegance of the theoryD. the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems11. This passage is probably excerpted from ______.A. a review of a bookB. a chemistry textbookC. an optician's essayD. a general science textDIn order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers havedeveloped new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.One in threeUKconsumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the £12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless, so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.12. What is the function of PEGS according to the text?A. To improve the taste of foods.B. To improve the service of stores.C. To help supermarkets store foods.D. To help people test food freshness.13. What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?A. It acts as an electronic nose.B. It reads the data collected by PEGS.C. It helps print the gas sensors onto paper.D. It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.14. What does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates?A. They are not completely reliable.B. They can help reduce food waste.C. They are based on scientific research.D. They are not accepted by the consumers.15. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?A. The process of researching spoilage sensors.B. A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.C. The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.D. The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。