大学英语四级作文写作技巧.doc
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大学英语四级作文写作思路1.问题解决型写作思路Ⅰ段.提出问题Ⅱ段.分析问题(原因/危害)Ⅲ段.解决问题(建议措施)Ⅰ.提出问题段落(三句话:引出问题+具体描述+总结问题)1)引出问题:首句1. Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that ______ have/has become a grave problem on many campuses/in the contemporary society/in the present day.首句2. There is no denying the fact that + 客观事实(提纲1).首句3. On many campuses/ In the contemporary society/ In the present-day society/ In recent decades, the shortage of housing is one of the most serious problems with which people are confronted.首句4. Nowadays/In the present-day society/In recent decades, it can be noticed that tuition and fees for college education are much higher than ever before. (比较级引出问题)2)具体描述:二句1:(事实描述)An increasing number of individuals/people find it difficult/hard/troublesome to _______ and to ______.二句2:(举例描述1)A case in point of this is /A typical example of this is/This phenomenon can be best illustrated by the factthat . (举例描述2)Turning a look around, we can find a great many/plenty of/a good deal of examples like this: 两个例子. (举例描述3):Our daily life has been filled with a variety of examples:两个例子二句3:(列举描述)Numerous examples can be listed to demonstrate/show/reveal/illustrate this modern-dayscourge/problem/conundrum, but the following will suffice: _______.二句4:(调查法描述:)According to a recent survey, a majority/72.34% of people/ students /individuals /citizens /residents admit/reckon/acknowledge that ____3)总结问题:承上+启下三句1:(承上)Thus/Therefore/Hence, (启下)how to ______ effectively has become a matter of concern.三句2:(承上)As a result/Consequently/Accordingly,(启下)_____ requires/ necessitates/ calls for close attention of the whole society.三句3: (承上) So, (启下1)due attention should be paid to _____/ (启下2)we should keep a weather eye on ____.Ⅱ.分析问题(原因/危害)(四句话:主题句+原因1/危害1+原因2/危害2+原因总结/危害总结)①分析危害:主题句主题句1:Such ____ are/is bound to generate/engender/result in/ give rise to/ lead to severe/negative/serious consequences/effects/impacts if we keep turning a blind eye.主题句2: Apparently enough, there are some negative impacts with which we should not ignore/neglect.主题句3:Quite obviously, it is great necessity to figure out the negative influences behind it.主题句4:To tackle this problem, it is of great/vital significance to analyze the potential negative impacts of this matter.①分析危害:危害写法危害1:To begin with, it may damage/ hurt/ injure/ harm/ impair/ undermine the _____ of _____.危害2:Moreover, (强调句式) it is _____ that exerts/ produces/ generates bad impact on _____.危害3:In addition/Furthermore/What is worse/Besides, ___ set bad examples to youngsters, leading them to ______.危害4:Then, it is manifest that we are developing ____ at the expense of ______.危害5:If this trend/situation were to continue, it certainly would be a possibility that we will suffer from/ be afflicted with _____.危害6:Besides, it can be argued that _____ means a grave waste of time/energy/natural resources.①分析危害:危害总结危害总结1:As has been noted, ____ do/does impact our ____ negatively to a large extent.危害总结2:To conclude, it is undeniable that the bad impact of _____ can never be turned a blind eye to.②分析原因:主题句主题句1:Generally speaking, several reasons can account for this phenomenon. (中性话题)主题句2:In general, there are several reasons/ factors/ causes/purposes responsible for ____, but the following may be the most critical.(中性话题)主题句3:Difficult/different as it is, it is evident that the causes of ____ are diverse.主题句4:To address this worrying/disturbing issue, it is of vital significance to determine/explore/ascertain/investigate the possible reasons.②分析原因:原因列举原因1:In the first place, ______ is the root cause of ______. An illustration of this point would be that _______. (原因+实例说明)原因2:In the second place, _____ constitute a major cause of ______. Specifically, _______. (原因+具体说明).原因3:In addition, _____ plays a critical role in _____.原因4:Besides, the ___ policy being carried out in ____ enables ____ to ____.原因5: (强调句式)It is _____ that attracts ____ to ___.②分析原因:原因总结原因总结1:Consequently, ____ has not been emphasized.原因总结2:As a consequence, ____ paid relatively less attention to _____.原因总结3:All in all, ________________ .Ⅲ.解决问题(建议措施)(三句=总结+建议1+建议2+展望)总结句1: In view of the seriousness of the situation, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.总结句2:Therefore/Thus/Hence/Accordingly/To tackle this problem, it is high time that we took feasible steps to stop/limit/restrain this trend.总结句3:People’s ways to solve this problem do vary/differ.(替换:1. There are a variety of ways in which people can tackle this problem. 或2. It is apparent that ways to tackle this issue are various.)Some _____; some ______; some others _____.建议1:It is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to ban/support ______.建议2:It is suggested that the public shouldenhance/promote/cultivate/strengthen their awareness of ____建议3:It is absolutely necessary/ important /significant / for ____ to ____建议4:Secondly, ____ are highly hoped/ expected/ well-advised to ______.建议5:We should educate/advocate/encourage _____ to _____.展望未来1:Only by doing so, can we hope to witness the ideal scenes in which ____ enjoy ____ to the utmost.展望未来2:A promising and hopeful future is just awaiting us if we spare no effort to it.2.观点对比型写作思路Ⅰ段:现象描述(即引入主题)+ 支持方观点(利)Ⅱ段:反方观点(弊)Ⅲ段:我的观点Ⅰ段(4句):1句现象描述(即引入主题)+ 1句支持方观点主题句+ 原因(2句)描述现象1:Living in an era of _____, we are confronted with a variety of ______.描述现象2:Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that more and more _____描述现象3: In the recent decades, it can be noticed that ____ has/have gained great popularity among _____.现象描述4:It can be noticed that many people – men and women, old and young - _____现象描述5:There has been much controversy over ____ in the past decades.现象描述6:It is universally acknowledged that ______.现象描述7:The past decades have witnessed the huge advancement of ____.支持方主题句1:Some argue that it is absolutely necessary to ______ because ________.支持方主题句2:A number of individuals favor _____.支持方主题句3:Those who are in favor of ____ claim that ____.支持方观点1:In their eyes, without ____, it is impossible for individuals to ______.支持方观点2:They also point out that _____ will bring great benefit to ____; thus, they will have more opportunities to ____.支持方观点3: What makes them convinced is that ____ is of greatvalue/necessity /significance for them to _____.支持方观点4:In their opinion, _____ will definitely promote the development of _____, which, otherwise, would be impossible.支持方观点5:They firmly believe that ____ will enable them to enrich their social/academic / professional experience and broaden their horizons.支持方观点6:One of the evident advantages/ merits/ strengths/ benefits is that ____ may afford entertainment/pleasure/enjoyable life.Ⅱ段:反方观点(弊)(三句=主题句+反方观点1+反方观点2)主题句1:Even so, others hold a different view that ____ carries some risks.主题句2:Others, however, regard it differently.主题句3:Advantageous/beneficial/rewarding/good/popular as it is, others have an opposite perspective.主题句4:In spite of all these claims, others maintain that it is unnecessary to ____反方观点1:_____ means a great amount of time, money and energy; therefore, they may afflicted .反方观点2:To some extent their opinion derives from the fact that ______.反方观点3:In their eyes, ____ callsfor/requires/necessities plenty of time, energy and money; nonetheless, the result/quality is not as satisfactory as expected.反方观点4:In addition, what worries many parents/teachers is that some _____ may exert/generate/have negative influence on _____. For instance, some _____; some _____; some ______.Ⅲ段:我的观点 (3句:我的观点+理由+展望未来)我的观点1:In my opinion, the advantages of _____ will far outweigh its/their disadvantages.我的观点2:I, as well as many others, am convinced that _____ will do more good than harm.我的观点3:As a college student, I am firmly convinced that it is necessary for us to ____.我的观点4:(折中型)Who is right? I think there is something right in both arguments. However, what convinces me is that we should ____ firstly. Then, we are also expected to _______.理由句:写法同第一段和第二段展望未来:同问题解决型展望未来写法。
大学英语四级作文写作技巧各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢 Composition Practice大学英语四级写作的基本体裁,从表达手段来分,一般可分为记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文和应用文. 我们将在下面进行具体的练习.但是目前四级考试的作文基本形式是有情景的应用文,也是属于几种写作形式的有机结合,需要同学们在写作过程中灵活运用各种体裁和形式.这个精神非常符合目前大学英语以及整个教育形势的发展:即对学生综合能力的测试.大学英语四级考试写作应试技巧写作的评分依据是:切题、条理、语言和字数。
所谓切题就是看你写的作文是否跑题。
所谓条理是指每一段的议论的正反清楚,说明的几个方面清楚,描述的时间正确。
一、审题我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的就是审题。
审题的作用在于使你的写作不跑题那么审题要审什么呢?1.体裁审题就是要审作文的体裁和题材。
因为什么样的体裁就会用什么样的题材去写。
那么体裁包括哪些呢?就四、六级考试而言,它包括议论文、说明文和描述文。
从近些年来看,四、六级作文不是单一的体裁,而是几种体裁的杂合体。
例如有一次四级写题是这样出的:Directions: For this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Trying to Be A Good University Student. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in做合格大学生的必要性做合格大学生的必备条件我打算这样做很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。
我们认为说它是议论文是片面的。
因为第一段要求写“...必要性”,这说明本段体裁是议论文;第二段要求写“...必备条件”,这说明本段要求写说明文;而第三段要求写“...这样做”,说明本段要求写的是描述文。
大学英语四级写作技巧简介大学英语四级写作技巧简介之一——文章结构英文写作一直是学生们的弱项,四级考试将近,大家都很担心写作问题,在此我先简单介绍一下文章的结构问题,以后再谈其他方面。
四级写作一般以三段式展开,题目要求中通常包含三个要点,每个要点为一段(记住,一定要分段),第一段提出问题,第二段分析问题,第三段解决问题。
以历年的真题为例,2006年12月的题目为Spring Festival Gala on CCTV,要求:1。
许多人喜欢看春节晚会;2。
但有些人提出取消春节晚会;3。
我的看法。
“喜欢看春节晚会”是正常现象,应该作为问题的开端进行简短介绍,“有些人提出取消春节晚会”才是重点,必须给出相应的篇幅做详细阐述。
最后表明我的观点,其实就是问作者的态度及解决这个矛盾的方法。
又如2006年6月的题目:An Announcement for a Voluntary Program, 要求:1。
校学生会组织一次暑假志愿活动现招募志愿者;2。
本次志愿活动的目的、内容及安排;3。
报名条件和联系方式。
这仍是三段式的结构,第一段提出问题——告之大家会举办一次暑假志愿活动,第二段描述问题——介绍志愿活动的相关信息,第三段解决问题——怎样加入志愿活动(报名信息)。
往年还考过写简历,写演讲稿,论述社会现象等题目,总是跳不出三段式,因此学生们必须掌握如何写三段式作文。
总的来说有三点要注意:1。
开篇就得点题。
文章字数有限,必须采取开门见山的方法,但开篇点题并不是说第一段第一句话就得提出问题,在这之前可以有所修饰,有导入的成分,但不要太长,一般第三句就得清楚、突出地把问题点出来。
2。
中间段阐述必须清楚。
中间段是全文的核心部分,要做到阐述清楚,论证充分,要有一致性、连贯性和条理性。
一般由主题句和扩展句组成,主题句是观点的高度浓缩,应该言简意赅;扩展句是对主题句的详细阐述,应该做到理由充分,内容一致。
3。
结尾段进行总结,并提出解决问题的方法。
英语四级写作如何提高?秘诀都在这!(优秀范文五篇)第一篇:英语四级写作如何提高?秘诀都在这!英语四级写作如何提高?英语四级写作是最好复习的一种题型。
为什么说它最好复习呢?其实是因为英语四级写作不仅提高的空间非常大,而且只要复习方法到位了,写作水平也会提高的非常快。
考场上写出一篇高分作文,可是很能给四级提分的。
所以大家一定要抓住这个良机,尽自己最大的努力备考英语四级写作,争取在短期内将自己的写作水平提高到最高水平。
一、充分利用真题范文提高英语四级写作水平复习英语四级写作,真题范文是一定要好好看的。
大家可以在前期复习写作时多看看真题范文是怎么写的。
可以在本子上列个提纲,看看真题范文是如何排篇布局的,看看为何都是“三段论”的结构,真题范文就能写的那么好,那么精彩。
看完一篇真题范文后,大家可以把范文中的好词好句摘抄下来,留为己用。
这样就算自己写出的作文水平一般,只要加上这些好词好句,就能立马变得不一样了。
二、掌握写作高分技巧,快速提高英语四级写作水平写作技巧也是十分重要的,大家要是能在复习写作时学习一些写作高分技巧,那么定能将自己的四级写作水平再拔高一个档次。
巨微英语——四级真题/逐句精解这本书就讲到了写作技巧。
大家可以看这本书中的“写作满分兵法大总结”部分,这部分系统讲解了四级作文各段的写作技巧和写作思路,并教大家突破写作模板的限制,从多个角度写作,写出内容饱满鲜活,层次分明,逻辑清晰的好文章。
三、背诵押题作文,积累英语四级写作语料考前10天,大家就要多多背诵一些押题作文了,因为这时真题作文的写作思路大家已经掌握了,大家缺乏的是写作语料。
所以这几天大家可以通过背诵押题作文来积累写作语料。
这样各个话题的语料都积累一点,考试时不管题目如何出,大家写的时候都能够有话可说。
巨微英语——四级真题/逐句精解那本书就赠送了20篇精品押题作文,大家可以在考前背一背这些押题作文。
有时间的同学还可以上网去搜罗更多的语料。
CET-4作文方法与技巧CET-4 作文方法与技巧---写作考试是9:10--9:40,共30分钟,分数所占比例为15%。
---四级作文的满分标准:要求120字的作文,要写150字左右,另外 1. 卷面整洁,书写清楚 2. 高级词汇,句式多变 3. 中心突出,结构分明 4. 语法拼写,极少错误 5. 固定经典,名言注目---四级写作的七大原则:一、长短句原则。
工作还得一张一弛呢,老让改卷子的老师读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quitesimilar. 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!二、主题句原则。
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。
否则会给人造成\群龙无首\之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原则。
《大学英语四级作文写作技巧》摘要:part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Trying to Be A Good University Student. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese) below:,are four ways to keep fit.)从几方面说明: Firstly, we should have our breakfast in the morning. Second, we should have a nap at noon. Third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon. And fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to the music....),practices are the following.)具体情况(主语为第一人称代词I,与第二段呼应) In the morning, I have my breakfast . At noon, I have a nap. And in the afternoon, I always play football. In the evening, I usually listen to the classic music.Composition Practice大学英语四级写作的基本体裁,从表达手段来分,一般可分为记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文和应用文. 我们将在下面进行具体的练习.但是目前四级考试的作文基本形式是有情景的应用文,也是属于几种写作形式的有机结合,需要同学们在写作过程中灵活运用各种体裁和形式.这个精神非常符合目前大学英语以及整个教育形势的发展:即对学生综合能力的测试.大学英语四级考试写作应试技巧写作的评分依据是:切题、条理、语言和字数。
英语四级作文写作技巧英语四级作文写作技巧对于考英语四级的同学来说,英语四级作文是特别重要的一部分。
那么英语四级作文有哪些写作技巧呢?下面由学习啦我为大家整理的英语四级作文写作技巧,盼望大家喜爱!英语四级写作的常见语法错误1、主谓不全都,人称与动词不符。
例如:My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误) My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)上面例句中,主语是My sister ,为第三人称,所以谓语动词应当用第三人称单数形式goes才正确,这种主谓不全都的错误在写作中是很常见的问题,稍一疏忽就会犯,考生需要更加细心才行。
2、句子成分残缺不全,语句不通。
例如:We should read books may be useful to us. (误)We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)这是一个定语从句的例句,其中which在从句中做的是主语,所以不能省略,一旦省略就会造成句子成分残缺,考试中大家在写完一句话时要记得读一遍看看通不通顺。
3、句子成分多余,累赘简单。
例如:This test is end, but there is another test is waitingfor you. (误)One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)这一句的错误有点中式英语的味道,逐字逐句对应翻译,there is 放在这里,累赘而又繁琐。
4、动词时态、语态的误用,前后不全都。
例如:I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)这个例句中前面是was walking ,所以后面也要用相应的过去进行时were,同一个句子里,没有特别状况,前后时态时要保持全都的。
大学英语四级作文的高分套路模板,你值得拥有!近三年来四级考试作文趋向于非提纲式作文。
写作要求中不再列出中文提纲,而是给出某一话题、图画或是名言哲理,要求大家结合给定材料进行写作。
在写作词数上,要求不少于120词,不得超过180词。
今天小编为大家准备好了一些作文模板,供大家参考学习一下。
一、开放式话题作文开放式话题作文较以往的作文形式更加趋向于灵活,主题比较开放、自由,所给话题是考生非常熟悉的,文体不再局限于议论文,而是各种文章体裁的夹杂和糅合,更加注重考生作文的语言质量和书面表达能力。
模板一① There are a variety of _______(主题)which_______(用定语从句介绍主题). It goes without saying that_______(指出该主题的影响).② As far as I am concerned,________(就该主题发表个人观点,指出其对自身的影响). In the first place(第一点原因). In the second place,________(第二点原因). Last but not least,________(第三点原因).③ In general, ________(总结全文). But it is________(主题)that________(重申主题对自身的影响).模板二① I’d like to recommend to you______(主题), which______(通过定语从句介绍主题).② First,______(其中一点原因). Moreover, _______(另外一点原因).③ In a word, ________(总结全文)二、画图型作文图画型作文包括漫画作文和图表作文。
漫画作文通常是指根据给出的一幅或几幅漫画或图片写出的作文。
通常,所给漫画反映的是一定的社会现象或社会现实。
大学英语四级作文写作技巧四级作文是对考生词汇、语法、段落写作等各项能力的综合考查,对语言的应用水平要求较高。
2016年四、六级考试改革之后,作文分数依旧占总分的15%,但提到了考试的第一部分,严格要求考生在30分钟时间内完成,这对广大考生来说是一个挑战,足以引起大家的重视。
一、评分原则和标准四级作文采取的是总体评分的办法,从内容和语言两个方面进行评分,是对考生英语综合能力的考查。
作文考试时间为30分钟,要求考生写出不少于120个词的短文。
四级作文出现过三种题型的作文:议论文、应用文和图表作文,其中大多为议论文。
对作文的要求是切题、通顺、表达正确、意思连贯,无重大语言错误。
二、存在的问题通过对山东大学威海分校非英语专业189名学生的四级作文进行分析,我发现主要存在如下问题。
1.词汇量贫乏,导致不能地道、准确地表达要传递的意思。
与英语的表达习惯不符,读起来不知所云,用词不当甚至让人产生误解。
2.语法知识不牢固,语言功底差。
有些学生一味追求句子的多样性,写出来的句子却错误百出,如修辞、时态、句子结构、语法甚至拼写、标点符号等错误。
3.受中文思维影响,写出的句子是汉语式句子。
对于一些考生来说,写作的过程就是翻译的过程,即要进行意思表达的时候,考生脑海里先想到的是某个汉语句子,再将其翻译成英语,这样整篇作文就是翻译句子的堆砌,毫无美感而言,更别提段落的连贯、篇章结构的紧凑、文章的逻辑性了。
4.目前的大学英语教学没有开设单独的写作课,也没有专门的写作教程,大多数老师只是在授课当中穿插讲授一些写作知识,而大班英语教学的情况也使得教师难以兼顾到每一个同学,写作练习得不到保质保量的批改。
三、写作技巧1.四级作文的题型大都是提纲式,通常来讲,每一个提纲自成一段,共为三段。
第一段引入段提出问题;第二段正文,分析问题;第三段结尾,解决问题。
这样的结构特点又和英语的段落构成极其相似,英语段落大多是由主题句、扩展句、结论句组成。
英语四级写作技巧与模板在大学英语四级考试中,写作部分是许多考生感到头疼的一个环节。
然而,只要掌握了一定的技巧和模板,就能在考试中更加得心应手,取得理想的成绩。
接下来,我将为大家详细介绍英语四级写作的技巧和模板。
一、写作技巧1、认真审题在开始写作之前,一定要仔细阅读题目要求,明确写作的主题、体裁以及字数限制等。
例如,如果题目要求写一篇议论文,那么就要围绕给定的论点展开论述;如果是记叙文,就要把事情的经过和感受描述清楚。
2、构思框架在明确题目要求后,要迅速构思文章的框架。
可以先列出一个简单的提纲,包括开头、中间段落和结尾。
开头要引出主题,中间段落要详细阐述观点或叙述事件,结尾要进行总结和升华。
3、积累词汇和句型丰富的词汇和多样的句型是提高写作水平的关键。
平时要多背诵一些常用的单词、短语和句型,在写作时灵活运用。
例如,表达观点可以用“in my opinion”“from my perspective”等;表示因果关系可以用“therefore”“as a result”等。
4、注意语法和拼写语法错误和拼写错误会严重影响作文的质量。
在写作过程中,要注意时态、语态、单复数等语法问题,同时要认真检查单词的拼写。
5、合理安排时间考试时要合理安排写作时间。
一般来说,建议用 5 分钟左右审题和构思,20 分钟左右写作,5 分钟左右检查和修改。
二、写作模板1、议论文模板开头:Nowadays, the issue of ______ has aroused wide concern Different people hold different views Some people believe that ______, while others argue that ______中间段落:On the one hand, those who support ______ claim that ______ For example, ______On the other hand, the opponents of ______ insist that ______ They point out that ______结尾:In conclusion, both sides have their own reasons However, as far as I am concerned, I think ______ because ______2、记叙文模板开头:It was a sunny/rainy day I still remember the day clearly when ______中间段落:First of all, ______ Then, ______ After that, ______ Finally, ______结尾:That was an unforgettable experience It taught me that ______3、图表作文模板开头:The chart/graph/table shows/illustrates the data about ______ from ______ to ______中间段落:According to the chart/graph/table, we can see that ______ The increase/decrease in ______ is mainly due to ______结尾:In conclusion, the trend shown in the chart/graph/table is both encouraging and worrying We should take appropriate measures to ______三、实例分析下面以一篇议论文为例,题目为“Is it necessary to attend training courses?”Nowadays, the issue of whether it is necessary to attend training courses has aroused wide concern Different people hold different views Some people believe that attending training courses is very necessary, while others argue that it is notOn the one hand, those who support attending training courses claim that they can help us acquire knowledge and skills more efficiently For example, in some professional fields, such as programming and accounting, training courses offer systematic and uptodate knowledge that is difficult to obtain through selfstudy Moreover, training courses usually have experienced instructors who can provide personalized guidance and feedback, which is beneficial for our learningOn the other hand, the opponents of attending training courses insist that it is not always necessary They point out that many training courses are expensive and may not guarantee good results Some people may learn better through selfstudy and practical experience Besides, with the development of the Internet, there are abundant free learning resources available online, which can meet our learning needs to a certain extentIn conclusion, both sides have their own reasons However, as far as I am concerned, I think attending training courses can be helpful, but it is not theonly way to learn We should make a rational choice based on our own needs and circumstances四、注意事项1、模板只是参考,不能生搬硬套,要根据具体题目和内容进行灵活调整。
大学英语四级作文写作技巧composition practice大学英语四级写作的基本体裁,从表达手段来分,一般可分为记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文和应用文. 我们将在下面进行具体的练习.但是目前四级考试的作文基本形式是有情景的应用文,也是属于几种写作形式的有机结合,需要同学们在写作过程中灵活运用各种体裁和形式.这个精神非常符合目前大学英语以及整个教育形势的发展:即对学生综合能力的测试.大学英语四级考试写作应试技巧写作的评分依据是:切题、条理、语言和字数。
所谓切题就是看你写的作文是否跑题。
所谓条理是指每一段的议论的正反清楚,说明的几个方面清楚,描述的时间正确。
一、审题我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的就是审题。
审题的作用在于使你的写作不跑题(如果跑题,条理和语言再好,也得不到及格分,甚至0分。
)那么审题要审什么呢?1.体裁(议论文、说明文、描述文)审题就是要审作文的体裁和题材。
因为什么样的体裁就会用什么样的题材去写。
那么体裁包括哪些呢?就四、六级考试而言,它包括议论文、说明文和描述文。
从近些年来看,四、六级作文不是单一的体裁,而是几种体裁的杂合体。
例如有一次四级写题是这样出的:directions: for this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic trying to be a good university student. you should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in chinese) below:(1)做合格大学生的必要性(2)做合格大学生的必备条件(可以德智体等方面谈)(3)我打算这样做很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。
我们认为说它是议论文是片面的。
因为第一段要求写“...必要性”,这说明本段体裁是议论文;第二段要求写“...必备条件”,这说明本段要求写说明文;而第三段要求写“...这样做”,说明本段要求写的是描述文。
所以我们说在大多数情况下,四、六级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。
directions: for this part, your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic trying to be a good university student. you should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on theoutline(given in chinese) below:(1)做合格大学生的必要性(2)做合格大学生的必备条件(可以德智体等方面谈)(3)我打算这样做很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。
我们认为说它是议论文是片面的。
因为第一段要求写“...必要性”,这说明本段体裁是议论文;第二段要求写“...必备条件”,这说明本段要求写说明文;而第三段要求写“...这样做”,说明本段要求写的是描述文。
所以我们说在大多数情况下,四、六级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。
2.根据不同体裁确定写作方法我们审题的目的就在于根据不同的体裁来确定不同的写作方法。
通过审题,我们可以看出四、六级作文大都是三段式。
如上例第一段为议论体、第二段为说明体、第三段为描述体。
议论体有议论体的写作方式、说明体有说明体的写作方式、描述体也有它自身的写作特点。
第一段为议论文:它的写作特点是要有论点和论据,而且往往从正反两面来论述。
例如上面题目的第一段的写作思路是:做合格大学生,会怎么样(这是从正面论述);不能做倒合格大学生,会怎么样(从反面论述);所以我们要做合格的大学生(结论)。
第二段为说明文:它的写作特点是从几方面或几条来说明一个问题,就跟某一机器的说明书一样通过1、2、3说明它的用途。
就以上面的作文而言,我们从三个方面(德智体)来说明做合格大学生的必要性。
第三段为描述文:以“人”为中心描述一个“做”的过程。
跟上两段相比,本段的主语多为人称代词。
它要与第二段相呼应进行描述。
二、主题句通过审题,我们知道了写作的思路。
下边我们就谈怎么样写。
第一步就是要写主题句。
主题句是确保不跑题的前提,只有不跑题才有可能得及格分。
写主题句最保险的方法就是把各要求句译成英语。
例如上述作文的三段主题句分别为:☆ it is very necessary to be a good university student.(议论体主题句)☆ there are several respects of necessities to be a good university student.(说明体的主题句)☆ what i will do in the future is the following.(描述题的主题句)如果要求句是英语就可以把它扩充成主题句,例如这样的一篇做文:good health(1) importance of good health(2) ways to keep fit(3) my own practice这样的作文的要求句就可以扩展成主题句。
扩展后三段的主题句分别为:☆ it is very important to have good health. (将名词importance 变成形容词important)☆ there are four ways to keep fit for me.(用there be句型)☆ my own practices are the following.(采用原词)三、条理保证不跑题是写作当中第一重要任务,第二个重要任务就是条理清楚。
对于议论文来说,正反面要清楚。
对于说明文来说,1、2、3条要清楚,对于描述文要来,谁干什么要清楚。
就拿上例good health来说,第一段保持正反面要清楚就应这样写:主题句(it is very important to have good health.,正面(with good health, we can...),反面(without good health, we can do nothing. we can't do...)第二段应当这样写:主题句(there are four ways to keep fit.)从几方面说明: firstly, we should have our breakfast in the morning. second, we should have a nap at noon. third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon. and fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to the music....)为了使文章更具关于条理性,我们可以用first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)等副词,他们可以使文章的条理性十分突出。
作文是主观性题,要想得高分我们必须把评卷老师考虑进去。
评卷老师的时间很短(每份卷子的作文只有一两分钟就要阅完),所以我们在列条条时最好不用:to begin with, ... after that,... and then,... the next,... the following,... at last ...。
因为用这样的词语不利于阅卷老师看出你作文的条理性。
第三段应当这样写:主题句(my own practices are the following.)具体情况(主语为第一人称代词i,与第二段呼应) in the morning, i have my breakfast . at noon, i have a nap. and in the afternoon, i always play football. in the evening, i usually listen to the classic music.综上所述,如果我们按以上几节的方法去做,就可以保证及格以上分数。
四、十二句作文法在作文的评分标准中字数也是一个要求。
四、六级的作文要求是要写出120-150字。
对于这样的要求考生不必怕写不够。
我们知道,四、六级作文大都是三段式。
我们算一下,如果我们在每一段中写上四句话,即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。
这样全篇在十二句左右。
每一句十多个词,这样就是120-150字。
同时,我们也提醒大家,不能写得太多,写得多容易跑题。
在写作时,我们要横向写作,即写某一问题的横段面。
例如,上面讲到健康的重要性时,我们只写四句就可以了。
第一句主题句,第二句从正面论述,第三句从反面论述,第四句为结论句。
但有的同学在写的时候说“健康非常重要,”然后就写“吃波莱非常重要”,因为波菜含有丰富的铁,铁对人是非常重要的,因为...。
这样的作文的基本模式是a-b b-c c-d d-e以此类推。
这就叫流水账,没有中心。
我们写作时要根据横段面去写,而不要写成流水账。
避免写成流水账的方法是不要就前一句中的一个非重点词再进行描述。
而要对主题句从横段面去写,写完一个横段面就不要再对这一横段面进行阐述了,应当去写别一个横段面。
如果我们感觉字数不够,就在每一句或某些句子上添加些词词就行了。
例如我们感觉上边第二段不够长,就可以这样来加词:主题句there are four ways to keep fit.- there are four or more ways to keep fit for everyone of us. 从几方面说明: firstly, we should have our breakfast in the morning.firstly, we should have our breakfast, such as milk, eggs, bread and so on, in the morning. second, we should have a nap at noon.secondly, we should have a short nap, even 30 minutes, at noon. third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon. - thirdly, sports exercises are necessary for everyone and we can do some sports exercises in the afternoon. and fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to music. - and fourthly, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to both popular and classic music.这样一来,我们只要保持本句的主题不变加添一些次要词就能达到字数的规定标准。