施心远主编听力教程1第2版-Unit-2-原文及问题详解

施心远听力教程1(第二版)听力原文及答案UNIT 1 Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman 1: I've got good news (1) for you! Woman 2: Oh, yes? Woman 1: I'm getting married. Man: Well, well! (2) Who's the lucky man? Do we know him? Woman 1: Of course you (3) know him! It's David! Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news! Man: I'm sure (5) you'll be very happy. Woman 2: (6) When's the wedding? Woman 1: Next June. (7)we're going to have a big June wedding! Woman 2: Are we invited? Woman 1: Of course! I hope you (8) can all come. Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Telephone rings for a long time. Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you? V oice: At last! Why don't you answer the phone? Operator: I'm sorry. I was downstairs. V oice: Well, can I speak to Mr. Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France. V oice: What about Mr. Gray — extension 322. Operator: Mr. Gray's at home. V oice: Well, may I speak to Mr. Redman's secretary? Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's. V oice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr. Gray's secretary. Operator: Miss Jones? V oice: That's right. Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's. V oice: Who is in today? Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please?Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Complete the following sentences. Where are they? Mr. Redman is on holiday in the South of France. Mr. Gray is at home. Mr. Redman's secretary is at her sister's. Mr. Gray's secretary, Miss Jones, is at the hairdresser's.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr. Baxter. Woman 2: How do you do? Man: How do you do? Man l: Hello, Al. How are you? Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again. Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve? Woman 2: No, how do you do? Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you. Man l: Tony, I'd like to introduce lny friend Mary Parker. Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you. Woman: Hello. Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper. Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. Exercise: Listen to some people talking at a party. Who is talking to whom? Who has known whom before? Complete the following sentences. Names in the box are for your reference.1. Professor Andrews is talking to Dr. Baxter.2. A1 is talking to Eric.3. Sally is talking to Steve.4. Tony is talking to Maw Parker.5. Susan Rotter is talking to John Lee.6. A/and EL have known each other before.7. Tony has known Mary Parker before.Dialogue 2 welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England, Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland. Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol. Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker. Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel. Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks? Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded Mr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs. Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. it's heavy. Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well ??? Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.) T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says "Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.") T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says "How was your trip? No hijacks?" and Etienne answers "No, it was all fight, thank you/" We may draw a conclusion that they were serious.) F 4. the plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt. (The plane was late probably because it was the holiday season.) T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year. (It is the holiday season.) T 6. It is probably still cold. (Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tells Etienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.) F 7. The central heating doesn't work. (It doesn't work very well.) T 8. Mr. Baker can't find the blankets. (Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 A young waiterThe most interesting part of the little town was the market square, which was surrounded by cafes, restaurants and small shops full of all kinds of cheap goods likely to attract tourists. At this time of the year it was not very crowded. It was a lovely day with only a few little white clouds, like puffs* of smoke, in the sky. It was not too hot, as it sometimes was during the summer, but pleasantly warm. Edward and Ann sat down at a table outside one of the cafes. After they had been sitting there enjoying the sunshine for a few minutes, a young waiter, not much more than a boy, came to take their order. He spoke no English, but after a lot of laughter and pointing at the menu, they thought they had managed to make him understand that all they wanted was ice cream. There were several flavors*, lemon, chocolate, coffee, orange and vanilla* and they both chose coffee, "I love coffee ice cream," said Ana. After a little while the waiter returned. He was carrying a big tray, which he set down very carefully on the table in front of Edward and Ann. There were two cups of coffee and two plain ice creams on the tray. "We didn't order coffee," said Edward crossly*, "we ordered coffee ice cream. He ought to be able to understand simple English." The waiter smiled and looked pleased."No," said Ann laughing, "it's his country. We ought to be able to speak his language."Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.B 2.C 3,D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. APassage 2 greeting and introductionsGreetings and introductions are an essential aspect of US culture. The importance of w If you are with a group of English-speaking people and the conversation is going on in English, do not use your native or any foreign language for more than a few sentences, as it is not considered to be polite. Try to avoid using any filthy*, sexually explicit* stories or jokes. When you are in a theatre, it's not polite to talk or whisper during the performance.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. B Part 3 News News Item 1 In Houston Texas, a federal investigating jury* has charged the Arthur Andersen Company with blocking efforts to seek justice in the Enron case. Arthur Andersen employees kept financial records and provided advice to the failed energy company Enron. The charges say Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure. The Arthur Andersen* Company condemned* the charges as a serious misuse of government power. Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. Arthur Andersen Company is charged with blocking investigation in the Enron case.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. Arthur Andersen Company was the energy company Enron's business partner. (Arthur Andersen Company just keptfinancial records and provided advice to the energy company Enron.) T 2. Arthur Andersen destroyed important documents. (Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure.) T 3. The Arthur Andersen Company did not agree with the charges. (The Arthur Andersen Company condemned the charges as a serious misuse of government power.)News Item 2 Russian engineers and an American company have presented a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure tips. They presented the full size model in Zhukovskiy*, Russia. They say the space plane should be ready in three years. Travelers would experience three minutes of zero gravity during a one-hour flight. The vehicle would hold a pilot and two passengers. A flight would cost about $100,000.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This item is about a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure trips.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks. Possible time: in three years Vehicle size: can hold a pilot and two passengers Special experience: three minutes of zero gravity Length of the trip: _one hourCost:$100,000News Item 3 World leaders at a United Nations1 conference in Monterrey, Mexico, have urged wealthy nations to increase their foreign aid. Peruvian president spoke Thursday at the UN conference on financing for development. Mr Toledo* said terrorism could grow if poor countries do not receive help. He returned home earlier because of the bombing in Lima. Economic leaders and political activists told the conference that poverty is a major throat to world peace. The United Nations wants 22 industrial nations to increase their foreign aid by 100,000 million dollars. The goal is to reduce by half the number of the poor by the year 2015. President Bush says a bombing near the United States Embassy in Lima will not stop him from going to Peru on Saturday. The attack Wednesday night killed at least nine people mid wounded many others. Mr Bush says he is sure Peru's president will do everything possible to make Lima safe for his trip. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about a [IN conference on financing for development. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. BSection 3 Oral Work Part 1 Questions and Answers Peter and William have just arrived at the door of Peter's house. Peter islooking in all his pockets. Peter: Oh dear. I can't find my door key. Williams: If your sister Ann's at home, she'll let us in, won't she? Peter: She's out. The door wouldn't be locked if she was at home. William: Let's hope it doesn't rain again then. If it does we'll get soaked. Peter:I tell you what. If you let me climb on your shoulders, Fit get in through the pantry*window. William: Right. Up you go. (sound effects) What's the matter? Peter: It's no good. If it were two inches wider, I could do it. William: And all the other windows are shut, otherwise it would be easy. Peter: 1 suppose we could break one. William: I don't think your father would be very pleased if we did. Peter: No, I don't suppose he would. Well, what shall we do? William: I don't know. If only you weren't so careless, you wouldn't get into such trouble. Peter: Walt! What's this in the grass? William: Your key! You must have dropped it when you came out. You really are careless. Peter: Itfs lucky I am, really, otherwise we'd have to wait till Ann comes home. Exercise" Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it, You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it. Questions:1. What is Peter looking for?(He is looking for his door key.)2. Is Ann at home?(No, she is not at home.)3. What is William worrying about?(He is worrying about the weather.)4. What does Peter want to do?(He wants to get into the house through the pantry window.)5. Why can't he get in through the window? (Because the window is not wideenough.)6. Peter's father won't mind if Peter breaks one of the windows, will he'? (Yes, hewill.)7. Where is the door key'? (It's in the grass.)g. What does William think of Peter? (He thinks he is really careless.) Par2 RetellingThe children had desperately wanted to go to the circus. Every day after school they had gone down to the field behind the pub to see what was happening. First the men had put up tile big tent, and then moved in all the seats, and finally they had fixed the coloured lights round the outside of the tent.In another part of the field, the children watched as the animals were fed and exercised. Sometimes, to their delight, two young women stood on the horses' backs and galloped round and round. But the most exciting moment of all was when the trainer allowed them to watch him go into them lions' cage. The children were sure he would be attacked, but he came out again unhurt and smiling. At last the opening night came round. Then the most terrible thing happened; their mother forbade them to go because she said it was unkind to put animals in a circus. The children were unable to make her change her mind, and they had to sit at home while the music and lights in the field reminded them of what they were missing. Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. Youwill hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary Exercises Part1 Listening ComprehensionThe native people of North and South America were given the name "Indians" by the explorer Christopher Columbus*. He thought he had reached a place called the Indies. In time, the terms American Indian and Indian became widely used. About 2,000,000 native Americans live in the United States today. Some Indians live on government lands called reservations*, or on tribal* lands. Others live in cities. Traditional culture remains strong in areas where large numbers of Indians live. But many native Americans worry that their cultural traditions will be lost as young people leave these areas for economic reasons. The economic situation of American Indians as a group is not good. About 50% of those who live on reservations have no jobs. Those who do have jobs earn less than other Americans. Most Indians hold low-paying unskilled jobs. Indians have many health problems and do not live as long as other Americans. But the situation is improving as more Indians are becoming educated. Today, most native Americans graduate from high school. At least 9% of all Indians 25 years old or older have finished college. The economic situation also has improved as native American tribes* create businesses on their lands. One example is the Pequot tribe of the northeast. The tribe owns and operates a hotel, gambling casino*, and a museum of its culture and history. Today, American Indians are trying to control their land without interference from the government. This includes control over hunting and fishingrights, and mining* operations. They are trying to protect their land from pollution. And they are taking legal action to regain lost lands or to receive payment for them. American Indians are trying to change their economic situation, improve their lives and honor* their culture.Exercise: Listen to the passage about the American Indians and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. l.C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. BPart 2 Oral Work I work in a small office from 9 till 5 Monday to Friday. Occasionally my boss asks me to come in on a Saturday morning as well. I don't earn a large salary and my job is rather dull, really. But I have a secret dream. My dream is to make a return flight to New York on Concorde. 1 know people say rude things about it. They say that it's noisy and expensive and that it uses too much fuel, and ... My problem is that I can only afford to put aside -5 a week and a return ticket to New York costs over -1,000. Then of course New York is quite an expensive city, they say. Never mind. One day, perhaps ...Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics. 1. Do you think the speaker's secret dream could be realized? If so, how?2. What is your dream? What will you do to realize your own dream?Unit TwoSection 1 Tactics for Listening Part 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape- Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening. Man: Good evening. Can you ( 1 ) make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to wait? Man: How long (3) will it take? Woman: (4)Itfll be ready in twenty minutes. Man: Oh, (5) I'll come back later. Woman: All right, sir, Man: (6) Shall I pay now or later? Woman: (7) Later'll be all rightPart 2 Listening and Note-taking Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station please? Woman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let's see now—that's the second turn on your right. The cinema's on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you'll be in Bridge Street. I think it's Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street fora few minutes and then take the second — no, not the second, the first, that's fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that's second right and first left. Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. Woman: Don't mention it.Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Use the information from your notes to mark the places and streets mentioned in the conversation on the sketch map.Part 1 DialogueSection 2 Listening Comprehension Dialogue 1 where did you living now ?Interviewer: You say you moved out of London five years ago? Alistair: Yes, I did. ] lived in Hampstead*. Interviewer: That's very close to the centre, isn't it? Alistair: Yes, quite close. 1 went to work by bicycle — I worked in Oxford Street. It took about half an hour. Interviewer: And why did you move? Did you change jobs? Alistair: Well, yes, I did. I worked for an advertising agency then. Now I workfor a newspaper. But that isn't the reason. I moved because London is so dirty and there's so much stress— Interviewer: And now you live in -. Alistair: Oh, right in the country. The nearest station is rather far, about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles. I still work in London. Interviewer: So how long does it take you to get to work? Alistair: Oh, less than an hour and a half, door to door.Exercise A: Listen o the interview and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The man lives in Hampstead now. (The man used to live in Hampstead.) T 2. The man has changed his job. (He worked for an advertising agency five years ago but now he works for a newspaper.) F 3. The place where the man lives now is about 15 miles away from London. (The nearest station is rather far about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles.)Exercise B: Listen to the interview again and answer the following questions.1. Why did the man move out of London?(Because he finds that London is so dirty and there's so much stress.)2. Where does he live now?(He lives in a village in the country, about 40 miles away from London.)3. How did he use to go to work?(He used to go to work by bicycle.)4. How does he go to work now?(Most likely he goes to work by car now because he said that it takes him less than an hour and a half, door to door, to get to work.) 5. Where does he work now? (He works for a newspaper now.)Dialogue 2 Have you ever lived abroad Interviewer: Have you ever lived abroad, Phyllis? Phyllis: Yes, I have actually. What about you? Interviewer: No, unfortunately I haven't. Phyllis: Oh, what a shame! Interviewer. Where did you live when you were abroad? Phyllis: I lived in Australia. Interviewer: Really? That's a long way away. Phyllis: Uhm, uhm, yes!Interviewer: How long were you there for? Phyllis: I was there for twelve years Interviewer: Oh! What a long time! Phyllis: Yes. Rather, Interviewer: Erin. So how long have you been back in the UK? Phyllis: I've been back about, erm. ten years now, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm, When you were in Australia, did you think of it as your home? Phyllis: Well, it depends on what, you mean by home. When 1 was... home to me is being near the people you're fond of. Interviewer: Uhm. uhm. yeah. So does that mean that your family were with you in Australia? Phyllis: Yes, they were there with me. Interviewer: And presumably they've ... they came back to the UK? Phyllis: Yes, they did. They came back with me, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm. Erin, if you had a choice, where do you think you'd be living now? Phyllis: Oh. I would really like to go back to Australia Interviewer: Oh, yeah? Why's that? Phyllis: Well, for one thing, it's the climate. Interviewer: Uhm Phyllis: And. er. secondly, it's ... very relaxed. Interviewer: Oh? In what way? Phyllis: Well, you know, the wave of life, nobody hurries. Interviewer: Uhm. Is that at work as well as socially? Phyllis: That's right, everythingExercise: Listen to the interview and complete the following questionnaire. Part 2Passages Passage one welcome to London Welcome to London! You and seven million other tourists will fill Britain's capital city this season, jostling* each other along Oxford Street, getting lost on the Underground, staring at Buckingham Palace, and complaining about the food and the weather. What can you do when you're here? There are the obvious tourist attractions of royal London, the London of pageantry* and soldiers in fancy uniforms. There is historical London, with the ancient buildings and magnificent churches. A good introduction to all this can be found in the London Museum in the Barbican*. You can spend a lot of money, in shops from aristocratic* Knightsbridge* to democratic Marks and Spencer*, all of them anxious to receive travellers' cheques in almost any currency. There are many hotels at your service, and your chambermaid may Well be able to talk to you in your own language —though probably not in English, Restaurants are here by thehundred. You can eat your way round the world in London, from China to Argentina*, though you may have a bit of a job finding good English food Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. BPassage 2 entertainments in LondonYou come, of course, from all over the world, attracted by the comparative cheapness of London and its relatively new reputation as a good place to have fun — a reputation which really only dates from the mid 1960's, that era* of Swinging London,"* of pop stars and fashion photographers and dress designers. There's certainly no lack of entertainment. The British Theatre is world famous, and offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy*. There's a large numberof cinemas presenting films from all over the world. Every night of the week there are concerts. Classical or pop, take your choice. And of course night clubs will be happy to take large quantifies of cash from you in return for the illusion* of being sophisticated* and perhaps slightly wicked*. When it rains (and it will rain) there are museums and art galleries to give you shelter— and they're free! When it's fine, take a boat trip along the River Thames, downstream to Greenwich* or upstream to Hampton Court*. You may be exhausted by London; you may be cheated in London; you may not be able to get a drink when you want one, thanks to the ridiculous licensing laws; you may get wet and catch a cold; but you're not likely to be bored.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.C 7. B2. A 8. D3. D4. B5. D6. CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov* says he and American Secretary of State Colin Powell* will meet February 24th in Cairo. The meeting will be the first face-to-face talks between the two officials. Mr lvanov says Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting. The announcement of the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin* and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer*. Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues. In Washington State Department officials confirm the meeting. Secretary Powell will visit the Middle East and Belgium* from February 23rd through the 27th.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the meeting between Russian Foreign Minister and American Secretary of State on February 24th in Cairo.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why youthink the statement is true or false. F 1. Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov will meet American Secretary of State Colin Powell on February 21st in Cairo. (Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov will meet American State Colin Powell on February 24th in Cairo.) F 2. The meeting will be the fourth face-to-face talks between the two officials. (The meeting between the two officials.) T 3. Mr lvanov says they will discuss Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system during the dent will be the first face-to-face talks Secretary ofmeeting. (Mr Ivanov says Russian opposition to Presi-Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting.) T 4. Russia announced the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer. (The announcement of the meeting followed the talksbetween Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer.) F 5. Mr Fischer was in Washington to discuss arms issues, (Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues.)News item 2 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov has called for (1) more talks about missile defense policy. Mr lnvamo is to meet with (2) American Secretary of State Colin Powell in Cairo Saturday. He told (3) reporters in Moscow that the time has come for (4) serious talks on the several issues affecting (5) relations between Russia end the United States. He said China and Europe should be included (6)in the talks. President Bush says that Mr Ivanov's (7) comments show that Russia understands (8) new threats to world security require (9) new defences. Russia is opposed to Mr Bush's proposal to build (10)) a missile defense system.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about Russia's calling for more talks about United State's missile defense policy. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following passage.NEWS ITEM 3 Russia has given NATO* a proposal for a European Missile Defense System. Defense Minister Igor Sergeyev presented the plan to visiting NATO Secretary General George Rolbertson*. Mr Robertson says the Russian plan is evident* that Russia and NATO recognize the possible threat of missile attacks from some countries. Russia opposes a missile defense system planned for the United States. Russia says the American。

Unit 2:Section1.Part 1:Woman: Good evening.Man: Good evening. Can you make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. Would you like to wait?Man: How long will it take?Woman: It’ll be ready in twenty minutes.Man: Oh, I’ll come back later.Woman: All right, sir.Man: Shall I pay now or later?Woman: Later will be all right.Part 2:B:Where they are now ①Cinema ④Bridge Street ⑦Station ⑧Section 2.Part 1, dialogue 1A:1. The man lives in Hampstead now. F2. The man has changed his job. T3. The place where the man lives now is about 15 miles away from London. F B:1.Why did the man move out of London?Because London is so dirty and there is so much stress.2. Where does he live now?He lives in a village in the country, about 40 miles away from London.3. How did he use to go to work now?He used to go to work by bicycle.4. How does he go to work now?He probably goes to work by car now.5. Where does he work now?He works for a newspaper in London now.Dialogue 2QuestionnaireName: Phyllis Nationality: UKBeing abroad: Yes:√No:If has been abroad: Country: Australia Length of stay: twelve yearsWhere were her family during her stay in that country: Her family were with her stay in that country.Advantages of living in that country: The climate is good and the way of life is very relaxed.Time when she returned home: She was back to her home about ten years ago. Part 21.How many tourists pour into London in the summer? A. About seven million.2.What will happen to Oxford Street? A. It will get so crowded.3.How about food and weather in London? D. Dissatisfactory.4.Which of the following is not one of the many obvious tourist attractions mentioned in London? D. The Victoria Station.5.Where can travelers find a good introduction to the historical London? B. In London Museum.6.What dose “democratic” refer to? C. Popular.7.What does the speaker say about shopping? A. There are shops suiting all tastes.8.What does the speaker say about eating? B. A good English food is hard to find.Part 3 News item 1A:This news item is about a research which says thirty-five percent of all child deaths worldwide are caused by under nutrition, hunger.B:New ResearchThe Lancet: the English medical magazine.Reason for thirty-five percent of all child deaths worldwide: under nutrition, hunger.The answer to the problem: greater investment in nutritional services and improvements to health systems.Countries involved in the research: poor to middle-income in Africa, Asia and Latin America.Comments from the lead author of the series of the studies: more than three and a half million mothers and children under five die in poor countries each year because of under nutrition.News Item 2A:This news item is about the retirement of Bill Gates from full-time work at the wor ld’s biggest computer software company, Micrisoft.B:1.What did Bill Gates do last week?Bill Gates retired from full-time work at the world’s biggest computer software company, Microsoft.2.When was the company established?The world’s biggest computer sof tware company was established in 1975.3.What is the “network effect” mentioned in the news item?The network effect means that software is the kind of product that increases in value as more people buy and use it.4.What will Mr.Gates spend most of his time on?Mr.Gates will now spend most of his time working at his charity organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.5.How big is the endowment of the foundation?The foundation is the world’s larges t charity with over thirty-seven billion dollars.6.What does the Bill an Melinda Gates Foundation provide money for?It provides money for health, education and other projects, mostly in developing countries.News Item 3A:This news item is about a public offer made by Microsoft to buy the Internet company Yahoo for competing with Google.B:1.The combined companies of Microsoft and Yahoo would be more competitive in the online services market. T2.Yahoo accepted the offer made by Microsoft. F3.Yahoo maintains the price offered by Microsoft underestimates the value of theYahoo company. T4.Yahoo’s expert knowledge would be of little help in Microsoft’s development. F5.Yahoo’s employees might refuse to cooperate with Microsoft in the future. T Section 3.Part 11.The woman ordered the roast beef.2.The woman would like to have the garlic mushrooms.3.The restaurant offers cauliflower and carrots.4.The woman ordered carrots.5.The woman ordered just a glass of water.6.No, the woman didn’t order any dessert.7.No, the woman didn’t like the bread served.8.Because the bread was not fresh.Part 2.It was Monday morning. Betty left home early that day because she was going to start work at an office. She was only sixteen and this was her first job. Unfortunately, the traffic was so dense that she was a few minutes late When she arrived at the office. When she entered the office, she saw Mr Crump, her boss, speaking to the people in an angry voice. She was very afraid and didn't dare to say anything. Later that day, she found out what had happened, As a rule, Mr Crump came to the office at about 9:30, because he lived a long way out in the country and came up by train every day. That morning, however, hehappened to catch an earlier train, and when he arrived at the office, he was greatly annoyed to see that no one was working. All the clerks were standing around, smoking, laughing and telling jokes.Section 4.Passage 11.When was London known as “Swinging London”?C. In the mid 1960s.2.Why are so many people attracted to visit London?A.Partly because of its relatively low cost.3.Why is the British Theater world-famous?D. It offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy.4.Where are the films shown in a large number of cinemas from?B. All over the world.5.What does “take your choice” mean here when the concert is mentioned?D. It is up to you.6.Which are the best places to go when it rains?C. Museums and art galleries.7.How can a traveler get to Greenwich?B. Down the River Thames.8.What does the speaker think of making a trip to London?D. One never feels the lack of interest.Passage 2A:Eric 1506040012 Students at American universities must have health insurance, because health costs in the United States are high.2.Many American colleges have heath centers where minor medical problems can be treated.3.The University of Michigan in Ann Arbor offers its health insurance plan that costs about 800 dollars a year.4.Boston College in Massachusetts suggests the students buy the college accident and sickness insurance that costs about 500 dollars a year.B:Hospital services √Birth control ×Laboratory teats √X-rays √Drugs prescribed by a doctor √Hearing aids ×Eyeglasses ×Emergency room care √Dental treatment ×Doctor visits √。

施心远听力教程1(第二版)听力原文及答案UNIT 1 Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman 1: I've got good news (1) for you! Woman 2: Oh, yes? Woman 1: I'm getting married. Man: Well, well! (2) Who's the lucky man? Do we know him? Woman 1: Of course you (3) know him! It's David! Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news! Man: I'm sure (5) you'll be very happy. Woman 2: (6) When's the wedding? Woman 1: Next June. (7)we're going to have a big June wedding! Woman 2: Are we invited? Woman 1: Of course! I hope you (8) can all come. Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Telephone rings for a long time. Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you? V oice: At last! Why don't you answer the phone? Operator: I'm sorry. I was downstairs. V oice: Well, can I speak to Mr. Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France. V oice: What about Mr. Gray — extension 322. Operator: Mr. Gray's at home. V oice: Well, may I speak to Mr. Redman's secretary? Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's. V oice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr. Gray's secretary. Operator: Miss Jones? V oice: That's right. Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's. V oice: Who is in today? Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please?Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Complete the following sentences. Where are they? Mr. Redman is on holiday in the South of France. Mr. Gray is at home. Mr. Redman's secretary is at her sister's. Mr. Gray's secretary, Miss Jones, is at the hairdresser's.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr. Baxter. Woman 2: How do you do? Man: How do you do? Man l: Hello, Al. How are you? Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again. Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve? Woman 2: No, how do you do? Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you. Man l: Tony, I'd like to introduce lny friend Mary Parker. Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you. Woman: Hello. Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper. Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. Exercise: Listen to some people talking at a party. Who is talking to whom? Who has known whom before? Complete the following sentences. Names in the box are for your reference.1. Professor Andrews is talking to Dr. Baxter.2. A1 is talking to Eric.3. Sally is talking to Steve.4. Tony is talking to Maw Parker.5. Susan Rotter is talking to John Lee.6. A/and EL have known each other before.7. Tony has known Mary Parker before.Dialogue 2 welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England, Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland. Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol. Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker. Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel. Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks? Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded Mr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs. Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. it's heavy. Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well ??? Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.) T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says "Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.") T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says "How was your trip? No hijacks?" and Etienne answers "No, it was all fight, thank you/" We may draw a conclusion that they were serious.) F 4. the plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt. (The plane was late probably because it was the holiday season.) T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year. (It is the holiday season.) T 6. It is probably still cold. (Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tells Etienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.) F 7. The central heating doesn't work. (It doesn't work very well.) T 8. Mr. Baker can't find the blankets. (Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 A young waiterThe most interesting part of the little town was the market square, which was surrounded by cafes, restaurants and small shops full of all kinds of cheap goods likely to attract tourists. At this time of the year it was not very crowded. It was a lovely day with only a few little white clouds, like puffs* of smoke, in the sky. It was not too hot, as it sometimes was during the summer, but pleasantly warm. Edward and Ann sat down at a table outside one of the cafes. After they had been sitting there enjoying the sunshine for a few minutes, a young waiter, not much more than a boy, came to take their order. He spoke no English, but after a lot of laughter and pointing at the menu, they thought they had managed to make him understand that all they wanted was ice cream. There were several flavors*, lemon, chocolate, coffee, orange and vanilla* and they both chose coffee, "I love coffee ice cream," said Ana. After a little while the waiter returned. He was carrying a big tray, which he set down very carefully on the table in front of Edward and Ann. There were two cups of coffee and two plain ice creams on the tray. "We didn't order coffee," said Edward crossly*, "we ordered coffee ice cream. He ought to be able to understand simple English." The waiter smiled and looked pleased."No," said Ann laughing, "it's his country. We ought to be able to speak his language."Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.B 2.C 3,D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. APassage 2 greeting and introductionsGreetings and introductions are an essential aspect of US culture. The importance of w If you are with a group of English-speaking people and the conversation is going on in English, do not use your native or any foreign language for more than a few sentences, as it is not considered to be polite. Try to avoid using any filthy*, sexually explicit* stories or jokes. When you are in a theatre, it's not polite to talk or whisper during the performance.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. B Part 3 News News Item 1 In Houston Texas, a federal investigating jury* has charged the Arthur Andersen Company with blocking efforts to seek justice in the Enron case. Arthur Andersen employees kept financial records and provided advice to the failed energy company Enron. The charges say Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure. The Arthur Andersen* Company condemned* the charges as a serious misuse of government power. Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. Arthur Andersen Company is charged with blocking investigation in the Enron case.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. Arthur Andersen Company was the energy company Enron's business partner. (Arthur Andersen Company just keptfinancial records and provided advice to the energy company Enron.) T 2. Arthur Andersen destroyed important documents. (Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure.) T 3. The Arthur Andersen Company did not agree with the charges. (The Arthur Andersen Company condemned the charges as a serious misuse of government power.)News Item 2 Russian engineers and an American company have presented a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure tips. They presented the full size model in Zhukovskiy*, Russia. They say the space plane should be ready in three years. Travelers would experience three minutes of zero gravity during a one-hour flight. The vehicle would hold a pilot and two passengers. A flight would cost about $100,000.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This item is about a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure trips.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks. Possible time: in three years Vehicle size: can hold a pilot and two passengers Special experience: three minutes of zero gravity Length of the trip: _one hourCost:$100,000News Item 3 World leaders at a United Nations1 conference in Monterrey, Mexico, have urged wealthy nations to increase their foreign aid. Peruvian president spoke Thursday at the UN conference on financing for development. Mr Toledo* said terrorism could grow if poor countries do not receive help. He returned home earlier because of the bombing in Lima. Economic leaders and political activists told the conference that poverty is a major throat to world peace. The United Nations wants 22 industrial nations to increase their foreign aid by 100,000 million dollars. The goal is to reduce by half the number of the poor by the year 2015. President Bush says a bombing near the United States Embassy in Lima will not stop him from going to Peru on Saturday. The attack Wednesday night killed at least nine people mid wounded many others. Mr Bush says he is sure Peru's president will do everything possible to make Lima safe for his trip. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about a [IN conference on financing for development. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. BSection 3 Oral Work Part 1 Questions and Answers Peter and William have just arrived at the door of Peter's house. Peter islooking in all his pockets. Peter: Oh dear. I can't find my door key. Williams: If your sister Ann's at home, she'll let us in, won't she? Peter: She's out. The door wouldn't be locked if she was at home. William: Let's hope it doesn't rain again then. If it does we'll get soaked. Peter:I tell you what. If you let me climb on your shoulders, Fit get in through the pantry*window. William: Right. Up you go. (sound effects) What's the matter? Peter: It's no good. If it were two inches wider, I could do it. William: And all the other windows are shut, otherwise it would be easy. Peter: 1 suppose we could break one. William: I don't think your father would be very pleased if we did. Peter: No, I don't suppose he would. Well, what shall we do? William: I don't know. If only you weren't so careless, you wouldn't get into such trouble. Peter: Walt! What's this in the grass? William: Your key! You must have dropped it when you came out. You really are careless. Peter: Itfs lucky I am, really, otherwise we'd have to wait till Ann comes home. Exercise" Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it, You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it. Questions:1. What is Peter looking for?(He is looking for his door key.)2. Is Ann at home?(No, she is not at home.)3. What is William worrying about?(He is worrying about the weather.)4. What does Peter want to do?(He wants to get into the house through the pantry window.)5. Why can't he get in through the window? (Because the window is not wideenough.)6. Peter's father won't mind if Peter breaks one of the windows, will he'? (Yes, hewill.)7. Where is the door key'? (It's in the grass.)g. What does William think of Peter? (He thinks he is really careless.) Par2 RetellingThe children had desperately wanted to go to the circus. Every day after school they had gone down to the field behind the pub to see what was happening. First the men had put up tile big tent, and then moved in all the seats, and finally they had fixed the coloured lights round the outside of the tent.In another part of the field, the children watched as the animals were fed and exercised. Sometimes, to their delight, two young women stood on the horses' backs and galloped round and round. But the most exciting moment of all was when the trainer allowed them to watch him go into them lions' cage. The children were sure he would be attacked, but he came out again unhurt and smiling. At last the opening night came round. Then the most terrible thing happened; their mother forbade them to go because she said it was unkind to put animals in a circus. The children were unable to make her change her mind, and they had to sit at home while the music and lights in the field reminded them of what they were missing. Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. Youwill hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary Exercises Part1 Listening ComprehensionThe native people of North and South America were given the name "Indians" by the explorer Christopher Columbus*. He thought he had reached a place called the Indies. In time, the terms American Indian and Indian became widely used. About 2,000,000 native Americans live in the United States today. Some Indians live on government lands called reservations*, or on tribal* lands. Others live in cities. Traditional culture remains strong in areas where large numbers of Indians live. But many native Americans worry that their cultural traditions will be lost as young people leave these areas for economic reasons. The economic situation of American Indians as a group is not good. About 50% of those who live on reservations have no jobs. Those who do have jobs earn less than other Americans. Most Indians hold low-paying unskilled jobs. Indians have many health problems and do not live as long as other Americans. But the situation is improving as more Indians are becoming educated. Today, most native Americans graduate from high school. At least 9% of all Indians 25 years old or older have finished college. The economic situation also has improved as native American tribes* create businesses on their lands. One example is the Pequot tribe of the northeast. The tribe owns and operates a hotel, gambling casino*, and a museum of its culture and history. Today, American Indians are trying to control their land without interference from the government. This includes control over hunting and fishingrights, and mining* operations. They are trying to protect their land from pollution. And they are taking legal action to regain lost lands or to receive payment for them. American Indians are trying to change their economic situation, improve their lives and honor* their culture.Exercise: Listen to the passage about the American Indians and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. l.C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. BPart 2 Oral Work I work in a small office from 9 till 5 Monday to Friday. Occasionally my boss asks me to come in on a Saturday morning as well. I don't earn a large salary and my job is rather dull, really. But I have a secret dream. My dream is to make a return flight to New York on Concorde. 1 know people say rude things about it. They say that it's noisy and expensive and that it uses too much fuel, and ... My problem is that I can only afford to put aside -5 a week and a return ticket to New York costs over -1,000. Then of course New York is quite an expensive city, they say. Never mind. One day, perhaps ...Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics. 1. Do you think the speaker's secret dream could be realized? If so, how?2. What is your dream? What will you do to realize your own dream?Unit TwoSection 1 Tactics for Listening Part 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape- Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening. Man: Good evening. Can you ( 1 ) make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to wait? Man: How long (3) will it take? Woman: (4)Itfll be ready in twenty minutes. Man: Oh, (5) I'll come back later. Woman: All right, sir, Man: (6) Shall I pay now or later? Woman: (7) Later'll be all rightPart 2 Listening and Note-taking Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station please? Woman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let's see now—that's the second turn on your right. The cinema's on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you'll be in Bridge Street. I think it's Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street fora few minutes and then take the second — no, not the second, the first, that's fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that's second right and first left. Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. Woman: Don't mention it.Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Use the information from your notes to mark the places and streets mentioned in the conversation on the sketch map.Part 1 DialogueSection 2 Listening Comprehension Dialogue 1 where did you living now ?Interviewer: You say you moved out of London five years ago? Alistair: Yes, I did. ] lived in Hampstead*. Interviewer: That's very close to the centre, isn't it? Alistair: Yes, quite close. 1 went to work by bicycle — I worked in Oxford Street. It took about half an hour. Interviewer: And why did you move? Did you change jobs? Alistair: Well, yes, I did. I worked for an advertising agency then. Now I workfor a newspaper. But that isn't the reason. I moved because London is so dirty and there's so much stress— Interviewer: And now you live in -. Alistair: Oh, right in the country. The nearest station is rather far, about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles. I still work in London. Interviewer: So how long does it take you to get to work? Alistair: Oh, less than an hour and a half, door to door.Exercise A: Listen o the interview and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The man lives in Hampstead now. (The man used to live in Hampstead.) T 2. The man has changed his job. (He worked for an advertising agency five years ago but now he works for a newspaper.) F 3. The place where the man lives now is about 15 miles away from London. (The nearest station is rather far about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles.)Exercise B: Listen to the interview again and answer the following questions.1. Why did the man move out of London?(Because he finds that London is so dirty and there's so much stress.)2. Where does he live now?(He lives in a village in the country, about 40 miles away from London.)3. How did he use to go to work?(He used to go to work by bicycle.)4. How does he go to work now?(Most likely he goes to work by car now because he said that it takes him less than an hour and a half, door to door, to get to work.) 5. Where does he work now? (He works for a newspaper now.)Dialogue 2 Have you ever lived abroad Interviewer: Have you ever lived abroad, Phyllis? Phyllis: Yes, I have actually. What about you? Interviewer: No, unfortunately I haven't. Phyllis: Oh, what a shame! Interviewer. Where did you live when you were abroad? Phyllis: I lived in Australia. Interviewer: Really? That's a long way away. Phyllis: Uhm, uhm, yes!Interviewer: How long were you there for? Phyllis: I was there for twelve years Interviewer: Oh! What a long time! Phyllis: Yes. Rather, Interviewer: Erin. So how long have you been back in the UK? Phyllis: I've been back about, erm. ten years now, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm, When you were in Australia, did you think of it as your home? Phyllis: Well, it depends on what, you mean by home. When 1 was... home to me is being near the people you're fond of. Interviewer: Uhm. uhm. yeah. So does that mean that your family were with you in Australia? Phyllis: Yes, they were there with me. Interviewer: And presumably they've ... they came back to the UK? Phyllis: Yes, they did. They came back with me, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm. Erin, if you had a choice, where do you think you'd be living now? Phyllis: Oh. I would really like to go back to Australia Interviewer: Oh, yeah? Why's that? Phyllis: Well, for one thing, it's the climate. Interviewer: Uhm Phyllis: And. er. secondly, it's ... very relaxed. Interviewer: Oh? In what way? Phyllis: Well, you know, the wave of life, nobody hurries. Interviewer: Uhm. Is that at work as well as socially? Phyllis: That's right, everythingExercise: Listen to the interview and complete the following questionnaire. Part 2Passages Passage one welcome to London Welcome to London! You and seven million other tourists will fill Britain's capital city this season, jostling* each other along Oxford Street, getting lost on the Underground, staring at Buckingham Palace, and complaining about the food and the weather. What can you do when you're here? There are the obvious tourist attractions of royal London, the London of pageantry* and soldiers in fancy uniforms. There is historical London, with the ancient buildings and magnificent churches. A good introduction to all this can be found in the London Museum in the Barbican*. You can spend a lot of money, in shops from aristocratic* Knightsbridge* to democratic Marks and Spencer*, all of them anxious to receive travellers' cheques in almost any currency. There are many hotels at your service, and your chambermaid may Well be able to talk to you in your own language —though probably not in English, Restaurants are here by thehundred. You can eat your way round the world in London, from China to Argentina*, though you may have a bit of a job finding good English food Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. BPassage 2 entertainments in LondonYou come, of course, from all over the world, attracted by the comparative cheapness of London and its relatively new reputation as a good place to have fun — a reputation which really only dates from the mid 1960's, that era* of Swinging London,"* of pop stars and fashion photographers and dress designers. There's certainly no lack of entertainment. The British Theatre is world famous, and offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy*. There's a large numberof cinemas presenting films from all over the world. Every night of the week there are concerts. Classical or pop, take your choice. And of course night clubs will be happy to take large quantifies of cash from you in return for the illusion* of being sophisticated* and perhaps slightly wicked*. When it rains (and it will rain) there are museums and art galleries to give you shelter— and they're free! When it's fine, take a boat trip along the River Thames, downstream to Greenwich* or upstream to Hampton Court*. You may be exhausted by London; you may be cheated in London; you may not be able to get a drink when you want one, thanks to the ridiculous licensing laws; you may get wet and catch a cold; but you're not likely to be bored.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.C 7. B2. A 8. D3. D4. B5. D6. CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov* says he and American Secretary of State Colin Powell* will meet February 24th in Cairo. The meeting will be the first face-to-face talks between the two officials. Mr lvanov says Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting. The announcement of the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin* and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer*. Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues. In Washington State Department officials confirm the meeting. Secretary Powell will visit the Middle East and Belgium* from February 23rd through the 27th.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the meeting between Russian Foreign Minister and American Secretary of State on February 24th in Cairo.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why youthink the statement is true or false. F 1. Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov will meet American Secretary of State Colin Powell on February 21st in Cairo. (Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov will meet American State Colin Powell on February 24th in Cairo.) F 2. The meeting will be the fourth face-to-face talks between the two officials. (The meeting between the two officials.) T 3. Mr lvanov says they will discuss Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system during the dent will be the first face-to-face talks Secretary ofmeeting. (Mr Ivanov says Russian opposition to Presi-Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting.) T 4. Russia announced the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer. (The announcement of the meeting followed the talksbetween Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer.) F 5. Mr Fischer was in Washington to discuss arms issues, (Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues.)News item 2 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov has called for (1) more talks about missile defense policy. Mr lnvamo is to meet with (2) American Secretary of State Colin Powell in Cairo Saturday. He told (3) reporters in Moscow that the time has come for (4) serious talks on the several issues affecting (5) relations between Russia end the United States. He said China and Europe should be included (6)in the talks. President Bush says that Mr Ivanov's (7) comments show that Russia understands (8) new threats to world security require (9) new defences. Russia is opposed to Mr Bush's proposal to build (10)) a missile defense system.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about Russia's calling for more talks about United State's missile defense policy. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following passage.NEWS ITEM 3 Russia has given NATO* a proposal for a European Missile Defense System. Defense Minister Igor Sergeyev presented the plan to visiting NATO Secretary General George Rolbertson*. Mr Robertson says the Russian plan is evident* that Russia and NATO recognize the possible threat of missile attacks from some countries. Russia opposes a missile defense system planned for the United States. Russia says the American。

Unit 2Section 1Part 1make up /Would you / will it/ It’ll/I’ll/ Shall I/ Later’llPart 2①, ④, ⑦, ⑧Section 2Part 1FTF1. Because he finds that London is so dirty and there’s so much stress.2. He lives in a village in the country, about 40 miles away from London.3. He used to go to work by bicycle.4. Most likely he goes to work by car now because he said that it takes him less than an hour and a half, door to door, to get to work.5. He works for a newspaper now.Name: Phyllis Nationality: BritishBeing abroad: YesCountry: Australia Length of stay: 12 yearsWhere were his family during this stay in that country: They were with him.Advantages: good climate; relaxed at work as well as socially.Time when he returned home: 10 years ago.Part 2AADDBCABPart 3News Item 1New research says 35% of all child deaths worldwide are caused by undernutrition -- hunger. The Lancet, the British medical magazine, just published a series of five studies. The answer, they suggest, is greater investment in nutritional services and improvements to health systems.The research involved poor to middle-income countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Robert Black from the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland was the lead author of the series. He says more than three and one-half million mothers and children under five die in poor countries each year because of undernutrition.…..…..is about a new research says 35% of all child deaths worldwide are caused by undernutrition -- hunger.News item 2Last week, Bill Gates retired from full-time work at the world's biggest computer software company, Microsoft. He will remain chairman of the company he established with Paul Allen in 1975.Mr Gates leaves Microsoft at a time of change in the computing industry. Early on, Microsoft understood the importance of the "network effect." That is, software is the kind of product that increases in value as more people buy and use it.At 52 years old, Bill Gates is currently the third richest man in the world. He is worth about 58 billion dollars. Mr Gates will now spend most of his time working at his charity organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The foundation is the world's largest charity with over 37 billion dollars. It provides money for health, education and other projects, mostly in developing countries.…..…..is about the retirement of Bill Gates as the head of world's biggest computer software company, Microsoft.News item 3The competition between Microsoft and Google took a new turn on February first. Microsoft made a public offer to buy the Internet company Yahoo. Microsoft says the combined companies would be in a better position to compete against Google in the online services market.This week, Yahoo rejected the offer. Its board of directors董事会said the price undervalued低于the company. The offer was worth almost 45 billion dollars in cash and stock, or 31 dollars per Yahoo share. Yahoo is said to want 40 dollars a share.Microsoft says it offered a full and fair price. It says moving forward quickly with the deal would be in the best interest of shareholders. Yet since February first, the value of Microsoft's offer has fallen to 29 dollars a share because of a drop in its stock.Microsoft thinks it could better compete against Google with Yahoo's expert knowledge. Microsoft could attempt a hostile takeover含有敌意的接管. But that is not the way it normally does business, and there is risk of angering Yahoo's employees. ……..is about Microsoft’s plan to purchase Yahoo to compete with Google.2\4F: reject the offer------not little help, but better competeSection Three Oral WorkMan: Are you ready to order?Woman: Er, yes, please. I'll have the roast beefMan: Uhm, Would you like a starter?Woman: No thanks, oh, why not? I'll have the garlic mushrooms please.Man: And would you like salad or vegetables with your roast beefWoman: Er, what vegetables have you got?M011: Cauliflower and carrots,Woman: Er, have you got any cabbage?Man: No, I'm afraid not,Woman: Oh, well, never mind, ]'Il have the carrots.Man: Carrots. Can I get you anything to drink?Woman: Er, just a glass of water.Man: And would you like anything for dessert?Woman: No thanks.woman: Excuse me?Man: Yes?Woman: I'm afraid this bread is stale,Man: Oh, I'm terribly sorry, I'll get you some fresh, madam.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.Questions:1. What did the woman order?(She ordered the roast beef.)2. What would the woman like to have as a starter'~(She would like to have the garlic mushrooms.)3. What vegetables does the restaurant offer?(It offers cauliflower and carrots.)4. What vegetable did the woman order?(She ordered carrots.)5. What sort of drink did she order? '(She ordered a glass of water.)6. She ordered a dessert, didn't she?(No, she did not order any dessert.)7. Did the woman like the bread served?(No, she didn't like it.)8. Why didn't she like the bread?(Because it was stale / not fresh~)PART 2 RetellingIt was Monday morning. Betty left home early that day because she was going to start work at an office. She was only sixteen and this was her first job. Unfortunately, the traffic was so dense that she was a few minutes late When she arrived at the office. When she entered the office, she saw Mr Cramp, her boss, speaking to the people in an angry voice. She was very afraid and didn't dare to say anything.Later that day, she found out what had happened, As a rule, Mr Crump came to the office at about 9:30, because he lived a long way out in the country and came up by train every day. That morning, however, he happened to catch an earlier train, and when he arrived at the office, he was greatly annoyed to see that no one was working. All the clerks were standing around, smoking, laughing and telling jokes.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the passage only once.Section 4 Supplementary ExercisesPART 1 Listening ComprehensionEntertainments in LondonYou come, of course, from all over the world, attracted by the comparative cheapness of London and its relatively new reputation as a good place to have fun -- a reputation which really only datesfrom the mid 1960's, that era* of' Swinging London,"* of pop stars and fashion photographers anddress designers.There's certainly no lack of entertainment. The British Theatre is world famous, and offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy*. There's a large number of cinemas presenting films from all over the world. Every night of the week there are concerts. Classical or pop, take your choice. And of course night clubs will be happy to take large quantifies of cash from you in return for the illusion* of being sophisticated* and perhaps slightly wicked*. When it rains (and it will rain) there are museums and art galleries to give you shelter-- and they're free! When it's fine, take a boat trip along the River Thames, downstream to Greenwich* or upstream to Hampton Court*.You may be exhausted by London; you may be cheated in London; you may not be able to get a drink when you want one, thanks to the ridiculous licensing laws; you may get wet and catch a cold; but you're not likely to be bored.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. I.C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. DPassage 2 Health InsuranceMost full-time students at American universities must have health insurance, 12qis is because health costs in the United States are high. Colleges are not able to pay the costs if students suffer serious accidents or sickness.Many American colleges have health centers where doctors and nurses treat students' medical problems. This service may be included in the cost of attending college. Health insurance is usually needed for extra services.Students may already be protected under their parents' health insurance policies*. If not, many colleges offer their own insurance plans. For example, students at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor are treated without charge the minor medical problems at the university health center. But the university suggests that students buy its health insurance plan. It costs about 800 dollars a year. The insurance pays for hospital services, emergency room care and visits to doctors. It also pays for laboratory tests and x rays. And it pays ninety percent of the cost of drugs prescribed by a doctor. The plan does not pay for birth control, care of the teeth or eyeglasses. And it does not pay for preventive care such as injections* that prevent disease.Students at Boston College in Massachusetts are required to have their own health insurance plan or lo buy the college accident and sickness insurance. The college plan costs about 500 dollars a year. It pays for any medical care needed within a/line period.It does not pay for eye glasses, hearing aids*, or dental* treatment.Students can also buy independent insurance policies from insurance companies. The details of such policies are different, depending on where the student lives. Usually, these policies pay for doctor visits, treatment of injuries and hospital costs. Sometimes foreign students do not understand the need for health insurance, especially if they do not need such insurance in their own countries. However, people in the United States are responsible for their own medical costs. These can be extremely high in cases of serious illness or accidents. The purpose of health insurance is to make sure that these costs will be paid for.Exercise A: Listen to the report and complete the following sentences.1. Students at American universities must have health insurance, because health costs in the United States are high.2. Many American colleges have health centers where minor medical problems can be treated.3. The University of Michigan in Ann Arbor offers its health insurance plan that costs about $800 a year.4. Boston College in Massachusetts suggests the students buy the college accident and sickness insurance that costs about $500 a year.Exercise B: Listen to the report again and put a tick beside the item that the insurance pays for and put a cross beside the one that the insurance doesn't pay for.hospital services √ birth control X laboratory tests √ x-rays √drugs prescribed by a doctor √ hearing aids X eyeglasses X emergency room care √dental treatment X doctor visits √PART 2 Oral WorkFrances Whithread lived in children's homes until she was 13 because her mother was unable to look after her.When Frances was 12 she took part in a game of netball. The referee, whose name was Margaret Whitbread, noticed the young girl because she argued with so many of her decisions. A few weeks later they met again at a local sports ground. Frances asked Margaret to show her how to throw the javelin and Margaret soon discovered that although Frances was a difficult child, she was a very promising young athlete.When Frances was 13, the Whitbreads adopted her. Family life suited Frances and as she became bigger and stronger, her javelin throwing improved until she became one of Britain's top athletes.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics.1. What difference would it have made if Frances had not met the Whitbreads?2. Do you agree that sometimes it pays to argue?。

UNIT 3Section 1 Tactics For ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, fink-ups and contractions.Friend: Hi, Linda. I hear you and John got married (1)last month.Linda: Yeah, we did, (smiling) Three weeks (2) ago.Friend: Well. Congratulations!Linda: Thank you.Friend: Did you (3) have a big weddingLinda: No, we got (4) married at City Hall. We didn't want to spend very much because (5) we're saving to buy a house.Friend: Where did you (6) have the receptionLinda: Oh~ we (7) did n’t have a reception. We just (8) invited a few friends over for drinks afterwards.Friend: What (9) did you wear'Linda: Just a skirt and blouseFriend: Oh!Linda: And John wore a (10) jacket and jeans.Friend: Where did you (11) go for your honeymoonLinda: We (12) didn't have a honeymoon. We went back to work the next day Ah, here comes (13) my bus.Friend: Listen. (14) I'd love to help celebrate. Why don't you two (15) come over for a drink next week'Linda: Sure. We'd love to. (16)I’ll talk to John and (17) call you Monday.Friend: Great. See you (18) n ext week.Linda: Bye.PART 2 Listening and Note-takingBob: Look at that Angela. True-Value are going to sell hi-fi's for pounds, I’m going to buy one. We can save at least 20 pounds.Angela: Yes, and look at the washing machines. They're going to sell some washing machines for 98 95 pounds, go we can save 22 pounds. A washing machine is more important than a hi-fi.Bob: By the way. Angela. Do you know how much money we've got About 200 pounds, I hope.Angela: Here's the bank statement. I didn't want to open it. Oh, dear.Bob: What's the matterAngela: We haven't got 200 pounds, I'm afraid.Bob: We!l, come on. How much have we gotAngela: Only 150 pounds 16.Exercise A: Bob and Angela are window-shopping. The shop is closed, but they are talking about the sales next week. They are planning to buy a lot of things. Listen to the conversation and take notes on the following items:the things they want to buy the price money they can save1 a hi-fi 72~64 pounds at least 20 pounds.2. a washing machine pounds 22 pounds~Exercise B: Complete the following Sentences.The amount of money they should pay for the things they want to buy: 171 pounds 59.The amount of money they think they can save: 42 pounds.The amount of money they think they can have: 21}0 pounds,The amount of money they actually have: 150 pounds 16.Section 2 Listening ComprehensionPART 1 DialoguesDialogues 1 what’s he likeA: Tell me about your new manager. What's he likeB: Oh, terrific. He's tall, good looking.., well, I think he's good looking, anyway ...and he's about 35 or 36. He's very interested iii all kinds of sports -- football, basketball ... oh, and tennis. My friend told me he's very good at tennis. He plays at the same tennis club ... the club where she plays ... you know.A: Oh, is he friendly I mean, in the office ...B: Well, I don't know him very well. He's a bit ... shy I think. He isn't married, he lives in a flat on his own ... well, just him and his dog.Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and complete the following blanks.Age: 35 or 36Appearance: good-lookingHobbies: sports football basketball and tennisMarriage status: single / not marriedExercise B: Listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions. 1. What is he good at' How does his friend know that(He is good at tennis. His friend knows that because he plays at the same tennis club where she plays.)2. Does he live alone Has he got a companion(Yes, he lives alone. But he has a companion, his dog.)Dialogue 2 how old are youMan: All right. Keith. How old me youWoman: Thirty-seven.Man: Thirty-seven, yeah' And, erm you marriedWoman: Yes.Man: Yeah. Have you got children'Woman: Two.Man: Yeah. What are their namesWoman: Toby and Lucy.Man: Toby and Lucy How old arc theyWoman: One's 11, that's Lucy; and Toby's 13.Man: Yeah. Tell me about your job, Keith.Woman: Well, I work at the Oxford University Press. I'm a printer's reader and copy editor.Man: Erin, what sort of hours of work do you have'Woman: Erm, in the morning.Man: You start work atWoman: Yes. I start at in the morning and finish at . That's with a 45-minutelunch break.Man: Yeah. Do you like it that way Do you like starting very earlyWoman: No, I don't. No.Man: How do you go to workWoman: Er, well, I cycle from here to Didcot station, and then catch the train and return journey.Man: Tell me one or two things you like doing, and one or two things you don't like doing. What do you like doing What do you do for enjoyment Woman: Weil, I'm quite interested in antiques*.Man: Yes.Woman: Things I don't like I don't like decorating. I'm not awfully keen on gardening.Man: OK.Woman: What reading -- what sort of-- what newspaper do you readMan.' The Times.Woman: The Times, yeah.Man: And The Sunday Times.Woman: Yeah. And what kind of books do you readMan: Erm-- tends to be more along history lines. Not novels, generally, more general history. Local history especially.Woman: Yeah, OK. Do you smoke, KeithMan: No.Woman: You drinkMan: Occasionally.Woman: Yeah. Do you go to churchMan: Not very often, no.Woman: Right. Thank you very much indeed.Exercise: Listen to the interview and complete the following report.Name of the interviewee: Keith.Keith is (1) 37 years old. She's got (2) two children. One is (3)11 and the other is (4)13. She is a (5) p rinter’s reader and copy editor at the (6) Oxford University Press. She starts work at (7) 7:30~and finishes at (8) with a (9) 45-minute lunch break. She goes to work by (10) bicycle and train.She is interested in (11) antiques. She dislikes (E2) decorating and is not awfully (13) keen on gardening. She reads quite a lot, (14) newspapers, books, especially (15) books of history.She doesn't (16) smoke and drinks (17) only occasionally. She doesn't (18) go to the church often. .Part 2 PassageInformational interviewingInformational interviews are one of the most beneficial ways through which to learn about a career field; they can also serve as a place to begin networking. Their purpose is to explore a particular field or organization and learn the "ins and outs*" of that field from a practitioner*. Rather than being asked questions, you are the questioner, gathering information that will help you evaluate* your interest in and suitability for a particular opportunity.An informational interview is a fine place to raise doubts you might have. explore the compatibility* of your work values with those expressed in the field and ask for advice. An individual whom you interview for information can also critique your resume.Although you may not specifically find out about a job opening, informationalinterviewing will often provide leads* as to where to begin a successful job search and will help you choose between fields you are considering. If you are unable to find your former students or parents to meet for an informational interview, try contacting employers or organizations found in one of the closed stack*directories in the CRC* library.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.2. A3. C4. B5. C6. A7. BPart 3 NewsNews item 1This presidential election is creating unusual interest and excitement across America, especially with young people and Democrats.The Democrats hope to reclaim the White House after eight years of Republican presidency. Yet candidates from both parties are promising change.There are major issues facing Americans: the weakening economy, the Iraq war. Other concerns include the troubled housing market, high costs of health care and energy, and the debate over illegal immigration.But interest in the election is also being driven by the candidates themselves. Democrats Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama would become America's first female or first black president. Republican John McCain would become, at age seventy-two, the oldest president elected to a first term.Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the presidential election in the USA.Ex. B: choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.2. B3. B4. ANews item 2The space shuttle Discovery landed at Kennedy Space Center in the state of Florida last month. It was the one hundred twentieth shuttle flight and the twenty-third to the International Space Station.The United States space agency had two main goals for this flight of Discovery. First, the crew was to move a structure from one side of the space station to the other. And then they were to add a new room to the space station.NASA calls the new addition to the space station the Harmony connecting module. It is the first new room added to the space station since two thousand one. Harmony is about seven meters long and about four meters wide. It will be a passageway between the laboratories and the rest of the space station.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary,This news item is about the 120th flight of the space shuttle Discovery.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following passage. Landing time: last monthLanding site: Kennedy Space Center in the state of FloridaIt was the one hundred twentieth shuttle flight and the twenty-third to the International Space Station.Two main goals for this flight:1. The crew was to move a structure from one side of the space station to the other.2. They were to add a new room—Harmony—to the space station.connecting;the first new room; 2001;seven meters; four meters;passageway; the restNews item 3The World Health Organization is urging countries to follow six policies to prevent millions of tobacco-related deaths. The six policies are known as MPOWER, spelled M-P-O-W-E-R.The M is for monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies. The P is for protecting people by establishing smoke-free areas. The O stands for offering services to help people stop smoking. The W is for warning people about the dangers of tobacco. The E is for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and other forms of marketing. And R is for raising taxes on tobacco.The says tobacco now causes more than five million deaths a year. It predicts this number will rise to more than eight million by the year two thousand thirty. By the end of the century, it says, tobacco could kill one billion people -- ten times as many as in the twentieth century.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about tobacco risk to a billion lives this century, as predicted by the WHO.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer the following questions.1. The World Health Organization is urging countries to follow six policies to prevent millions of tobacco-related deaths.2. The M is for monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies. The P is for protecting people by establishing smoke-free areas. The O stands for offeringservices to help people stop smoking. The W is for warning people about the dangers of tobacco.The E is for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and other forms of marketing. And the R is for raising taxes on tobacco.3. The WHO says tobacco now causes more than five million deaths a year.4. Yes. The WHO predicts this number will rise to more than eight million by the year 2030.5. By the end of the century, tobacco could kill one billion people- ten times as many as in the twentieth century.Section 3 Oral WorkMrs White: How did your writing go this morning Is the book coming along all right'Mr White: l’m not sure. I thin k the rest of it will be difficult to write. There are still some problems to solve.Mrs White: I expect you'll find the answers interesting to work out.Mr White: If I can work them out. Thank goodness the house is easy to work in.I shall at leastha able to think.Mrs White: You've forgotten something. Peace and quiet will ha difficult to guarantee muchlonger.Mr White: Good, heavens, yes. The school holidays start in a week, don't they The house will be impossible to work in while they last.Mrs White: Well, some extra noise is hard to avoid. But I'll keep them away from the study as much as I can. That'll be all right to workin.Mr White: What about the garden It was beautifully peaceful and quiet out there this morning.Mrs White: Well, you'd better make the most of it while it lasts. Peace and quiet will ha hard to find in the garden pretty soon, I'm afraid.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.Questions:] What was Mr White doing this morning'He was writing his book this morning42. According to Mr White. was the book coming along all right(No, he thought the rest of the book would be difficult to write.)3 What did Mrs White expect(She expected that Mr White would find the answers to some problems occurred in his book.~4. Why did Mr White think the house was easy ro work in(Because he would at least be able to think )5 When would the school holidays start(They would start in a week I6. Was it possible for Mr White to work in the house during the school holidays(No, it was impossible for him to work in the house,7. Could Mr White work in the garden this morning.Yes. he could work in the garden this morning.)Why (Because it was peaceful and quiet)8. Why should Mr White make most of it while the garden was peaceful and quiet(Because peace: and quiet would hard to find in the garden pretty soon.)Part 2 RetellingTo the American people, education is very important. The first twelve years of public school are free of charge. As a result, about 93 percent of the teenagers from fourteen to seventeen years old are in high school.However, 200 years ago, education was not free. American elementary schools were only for rich people. Most young people were not in school.The first public high school was in 1832. The purpose of the school was to prepare students for college. Its most important subjects were mathematics and foreign languages.Nowadays, American education is a big business. There are about 45 million students in thenation's elementary schools and high schools, Each year there are about three million high school graduates.The main purpose of high school is still to prepare students for college. There are also job training programmes in high school and programmes to teach useful skills for everyday life – for example, driver training, first aid, and even cooking.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell il in your own words. You will hear thepassage only once.Section 4 Supplementary ExercisesPart I Listening ComprehensionPassage 1 British postmen and milkmenBritish postmen and milkmen have a reputation for being cheerful. As they both arrive very early in the morning, when you are perhaps not feeling very good-tempered, their brisk* knocking and bright whistling may get on your nerves. Of course, there are some gloomy postmen, who make you think that every letter contains tragic news, but the majority are jolly and good-humoured. This is quite surprising, because delivering the mail each morning is a job which is not very well paid and there are a great many problems.The city postman has to go on foot, not only along streets but also up and down stairs, as many blocks of flats still have no lifts and no downstairs letterbox. If he has a registered letter to deliver, he has to wait for someone to come to the door to sign for it. That person may greet him in a most unfriendly way if he has just been woken from a deep sleep very early in the morning.In the country, a postman may have a bicycle or a small van, so he does not have to walk so far, but nevertheless he has his problems too. It is very annoying to be compelled* to go all the way to an isolated house simply to deliver a postcard or a circular, when this makes the journey half an hour longer. In winter, weather conditions are bad, but the postman must carry on in the rain or the snow.Sometimes it is impossible to use a van or a bicycle in these conditions, and he has to do his round*on foot, like his city colleague. Most country people keep a dog. Although there may be a notice on the gate, "BEWARE OF THE DOG," this is of little help to the postman~ He is forced to go in, whether the dog is dangerous or not. So every day the country postman knows that, if the dog is not safely tied up, it may bite him on the leg or tear* the seat* out of his trousers.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences,2. A3. C4. A5. D6. A7. D8. BPassage 2 Study in the United StatesThe latest report from the Institute for International Education gives information from the school year that began in September of last year and ended in May of this year. It says more than 500,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year.New York University in New York City had the largest number of foreign students. Almost5,000 foreign students attended NYU last year. The University of Southern California at Los Angeles had the second largest number of students, about 4,500.The report says the State of California had the most foreign students, with about 66,000 living there last year. New York State was next, with about 55,000 foreign students.China sent the most foreign students to the United States last year. More than 54,000 Chinese students attended American schools. Japan sent the next highest number of students, almost 47,000. India was next, with about 42,000. And Korea was fourth, sending more than 41,000 students to the United States.The report says the most popular subjects of study for international students in the United States last year were business and management. Twenty percent of all foreign students were studying those subjects. Fifteen percent studied engineering. Nineteen percent studied mathematics and computer science.Exercise A: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The school year in the United States begins in September of this year and endsin June of next year. (The school year in the United States begins in September of this year and ends in May of the next year.)F 2. New York University in the State of New York had the largest number of foreign students. (New York University in New York City had the largest number of foreign students.)T 3. The State of California had the most foreign students living there last year. (The report says the State of California had the most foreign students, with about 66,000 living there last year.)F 4. More than 50,000 foreign college students attended American schools duringthat school year. (More than 500,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year.)F 5. Last year the most popular subject of study for international students in theUnited States was computer science. (Last year the most popular subject of study for international stu- dents in the United States was business and management.)Exercise B: Listen to the report again and match the number of students with the corresponding country.54,000 India47,000 China421000 Korea41 000 JapanPart 2 Oral WorkIn a recent broadcast, I heard a woman say that she felt guilty because she spent~20 at an auction sale. She was afraid her husband might accuse her of being extravagant. I find this attitude difficult to understand, for, obviously a married woman has as much right to spend ~20 as her husband. Sometimes both husband and wife go out to work. But, in a case where the woman stays at home to look after the children, it is still unfair that she should feel guilty about spending a small sum of money on herself.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topic. Do you agree with the speaker that the woman's attitude is wrong。

Unit 2 Visiting a New PlaceSection 1 Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsA. Listen and repeat1. Oh, you need some lean meat, some vegetables, some butter, flour, salt.2. I’d like to. But I can’t.3. A: I had a call from Bill.B: From Bill Who’s BillA. He’s a very special friend of mine. He telephones me from overseas. Every day.B. Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening.Man: Good evening. Can you (1) make up this prescription, please Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to waitMan: How long (3) will it takeWoman: (4)It’ll be ready in twenty minutes.Man: Oh, (5) I’ll come back later.Woman: All right, sir,Man: (6) Shall I pay now or laterWoman: (7) Later’ll be all rightPart 2 Listening and Note-takingExercise:Where they are ① now Cinema ④Bridge Street ⑦ Station ③Tapescript:Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station pleaseWoman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let’s see now—that’s the second turn on your right. The cinema’s on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you’ll be in Bridge Street. I think it’s Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street for a few minutes and then take the second —no, not the second, the first, that’s fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that’s second right and first left. Thank you very much. That’svery kind of you.Woman: Don’t mention it.Section 2 Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Words or MessageA. Listen to two sentences. Is it “eligible”or “illegible”Tick the right box.1. No one knows why the most prescriptions written by doctors are almost illegible, including those in the general hospitals.2. The people in the United States are eligible to claim a refund if they buy anything undesirable within 30 days.B. Listen to some sentences and rewrite them with the help of the clue.1. His knowledge of English is very limited.2. At time have I have a member of that club.3. Little is known about that primitive tribe.He speaks very little English.I have never been a member of that club.Nobody knows about that primitive tribe.Part 2 DialoguesDialogue 1 Welcome to BristolExercise A: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland.(I’m Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.)T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand.(Mrs. Baker says “Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.”)T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days.(Mr. Ba ker says “How was your trip No hijacks” and Etienne answers “No, it was all fight, thank you/” We may draw a conclusion that they were serious.)F 4. The plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt. (The plane was late probably because it was the holiday season.)T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year.(It is the holiday season.)T 6. It is probably still cold.(Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tells Etienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.)F 7. The cent ral heating doesn’t work.(It doesn’t work very well.)T 8. Mr. Baker can’t find the blankets.(Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)Exercise B: Listen to some extracts from the dialogue and complete the following sentences with the missing words.Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker.Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel. Tapescript:Etienne has just arrived in England,Etienne: Hello. Are you Mrs. Baker I’m Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker.Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel.Mr. Baker: How was your trip No hijacksEtienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded.Mr. Baker: Well, it’s the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs.Etienne: Oh, that’s all right. I’ll take this one. It’s heavy. Mr. Baker: Well. Here’s your room. I hope it’s big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn’t work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well…Nicola, where are the blankets Let’s go down and meet the rest of the family.Dialogue 2 Have You Ever Lived AbroadExercise A: Listen to the interview and complete the following questionnaire.•Questionaire•Name: Phyllis Nationality: British•Being abroad:•Yes:√ No: _______•If has been abroad:•Country: Australia•Length of stay: 12 years• Where were his family during his stay in that country: They were with her.•Advantages of living in that country: good climate; relaxed at work as well as socially•Time when he returned home: ten years agoExercise B: Listen to some extracts from the dialogue and write down what the speaker really wants to say.1. Home to me is being near the people you’re fond of.2. And presumably they came back to the U.K.Tapescript:Interviewer: Have you ever lived abroad, PhyllisPhyllis: Yes, I have actually. What about youInterviewer: No, unfortunately I haven’t.Phyllis: Oh, what a shame!Interviewer: Where did you live when you were abroadPhyllis: I lived in Australia.Interviewer: Really That’s a long way away.Phyllis: Uhm, uhm, yes!Interviewer: How long were you there forPhyllis: I was there for twelve yearsInterviewer: Oh! What a long time!Phyllis: Yes. Rather,Interviewer: Erin. So how long have you been back in the UKPh yllis: I’ve been back about, erm, ten years now.Interviewer: Uhm. When you were in Australia, did you think of it as your homePhyllis: Well, it depends on what, you mean by home. When 1 was... home to me is being near the people you’re fond of.Interviewer: Uhm, yeah. So does that mean that your family were with youin AustraliaPhyllis: Yes, they were there with me.Interviewer: And presumably they’ve ... they came back to the UK Phyllis: Yes, they did. They came back with me.Interviewer: Uhm. If you had a choice, where do you think you’d be living now Phyllis: Oh. I would really like to go back to Australia Interviewer: Oh, yeah Why’s that Phyllis: Well, for one thing, it’s the climate. Interviewer: Uhm.Phyllis: And, er, secondly, it’s ... very rela xed.Interviewer: Oh In what wayPhyllis: Well, you know, the wave of life, nobody hurries. Interviewer: Uhm. Is that at work as well as socially Phyllis: That’s right, everythingPart 3 Passage Welcome to London!Exercise A: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. How many tourists pour into London in the summer2. What will happen to Oxford Street3. How about the food and weather in London4. Which of the following is not one of the many obvious tourist attractions mentioned in London5. Where can travelers find a good introduction to the historical London6. What does “democratic” refer to7. What does the speaker say about shopping8. What does the speaker say about eating1. A2. A3. D4. D5. B6. C7. A8. BExercise B: Complete the following sentence with what you have remembered.You can spend a lot of money, in shops from aristocratic Knightsbridge to democratic Marks and Spencer.Tapescript:Welcome to London! You and seven million other tourists will fill Britain’s capital city this season, jostling* each other along OxfordStreet, getting lost on the Underground, staring at Buckingham Palace, and complaining about the food and the weather.What can you do when you’re here There are the obvious tourist attractions of royal London, the London of pageantry* and soldiers in fancy uniforms. There is historical London, with the ancient buildings and magnificent churches. A good introduction to all this can be found in the London Museum in the Barbican*.You can spend a lot of money, in shops from aristocratic* Knightsbridge* to democratic Marks and Spencer*, all of them anxious to receive travellers’cheques in almost any currency. There are many hotels at your service, and your chambermaid may well be able to talk to you in your own language —though probably not in English, Restaurants are here by the hundred. You can eat your way round the world in London, from China to Argentina*, though you may have a bit of a job finding good English food.Section 3 Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersExercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.1. What did the woman order(She ordered the roast beef.)2. What would the woman like to have as a starter’-(She would like to have the garlic mushrooms.)3. What vegetables does the restaurant offer(It offers cauliflower and carrots.)4. What vegetable did the woman order(She ordered carrots.)5. What sort of drink did she order(She ordered a glass of water.)6. She ordered a dessert, didn’t she(No, she did not order any dessert.)7. Did the woman like the bread served(No, she didn’t like it.)8. Why didn’t she like the bread(Because it was stale / not fresh.)Tapescript:Man: Are you ready to orderWoman: Er, yes, please. I’ll have the roast beef.Man: Uhm, Would you like a starterWoman: No thanks, oh, why not I’ll have the garlic mushrooms please. Man: And would you like salad or vegetables with your roast beef Woman: Er, what vegetables have you gotMan: Cauliflower and carrots.Woman: Er, have you got any cabbageMan: No, I’m afraid not.Woman: Oh, well, never mind, I’I1 have the carrots.Man: Carrots. Can I get you anything to drinkWoman: Er, just a glass of water.Man: And would you like anything for dessertWoman: No thanks.…Woman: Excuse meMan: YesWoman: I’m afraid this bread is stale.Man: Oh, I’m terribly sorry, I’ll get you some fresh, madam.Part 2 RetellingIt was Monday morning. Betty left home early that day because she was going to start work at an office. She was only sixteen and this was her first job. Unfortunately, the traffic was so dense that she was a few minutes late When she arrived at the office.When she entered the office, she saw Mr. Crump, her boss, speaking to the people in an angry voice. She was very afraid and didn’t dare to say anything.Later that day, she found out what had happened, As a rule, Mr. Crump came to the office at about 9:30, because he lived a long way out in the country and came up by train every day. That morning, however, he happenedto catch an earlier train, and when he arrived at the office, he was greatly annoyed to see that no one was working. All the clerks were standing around, smoking, laughing and telling jokes.Section 4 Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Listening Comprehension Entertainments in LondonExercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. When was London known as “Swinging London”2. Why are so many people attracted to visit London3. Why is the British Theatre world-famous4. Where are the films shown in a large number of cinemas from5. What does “take your choice”mean here when the concert is mentioned6. Which are the best places to go when it rains7. How can a traveler get to Greenwich8. What does the speaker think of making a trip to London2. A3. D4. B5. D6. C7. B8. DTapescript:You come, of course, from all over the world, attracted by the comparative cheapness of London and its relatively new reputation as a good place to have fun — a reputation which really only dates from the mid 1960’s, that era* of “Swinging London,”* of pop stars and fashion photographers and dress designers.There’s certainly no lack of entertainment. The British Theatre is world famous, and offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy*. There’s a large number of cinemas presenting films from all over the world. Every night of the week there are concerts. Classical or pop, take your choice. And of course night clubs will be happy to take large quantifies of cash from you in return for the illusion* of being sophisticated* and perhaps slightly wicked*. When it rains (and it will rain) there are museums and art galleries to give you shelter— and they’re free! When it’s fine, take a boat trip along the River Thames, downstream to Greenwich* or upstream to Hampton Court*.You may be exhausted by London; you may be cheated in London; you maynot be able to get a drink when you want one, thanks to the ridiculous licensing laws; you may get wet and catch a cold; but you’re not likely to be bored.Part 3 Video British Pub Tradition Under ThreatExercise:1. Why are pubs important for British peopleFor hundreds of years, British pubs have been at the center of social life. They are the places where people can go for a pint of beer and lively conversation.2. Why is pub culture changing recentlyAccording to Bridget Walsh, people tend to go restaurants instead of pubs and they buy cheap booze in supermarkets and drink it at home.3. What makes British pub business go downwardThey are the poor economy, a ban on smoking inside and high taxes on beer consumed at pubs.4. How does Stuart Mills, an entrepreneur, view the rapidly deteriorating economic conditionsHe sees the economic downturn as an opportunity and runs an Internet service to get more people into pubs by allowing them to have their mail delivered to their local pub.5. Do you think British pubs will dry up somedayI’m afraid not. The British love of beer and the rare British summer day is a good reason for them to have a pint of beer in the pub. Tapescript:For hundreds of years, British pubs have been at the center of social life. The place to go for a pint of beer and lively conversation. But Britain’s pubs are under threat. The poor economy, a ban on smoking inside and high taxes on beer consumed at pubs are all putting pubs under pressure. Bridget Walsh has been in the business for 42 years. She says pub culture is changing.“People aren’t going into pubs the way they used to years ago. They tend to go restaurants. They tend to buy cheap booze in supermarkets and drink indoors, because people have entertainment indoors these day,”she said.It’s not just indoor entertainment people are looking for. Pubs—once smoke-filled rooms—are no longer. Smokers have to go outside these days. That’s hurt business too. “If they can’t have a pint and cigarette, you might as well drink at home,” Walsh adds.At the annual Great British Beer Festival in London, there are hundreds of beers, bitters, ales and plenty of enthusiasts. One might almost believe that pubs will be forever. But Neil Williams from the British Beer & Pub Association says the problem is serious.“Fifty-two pubs are closing every week here in the U.K., and that’s a big increase and, if we don’t take action, we’re going to lose a lot of our much-loved community pubs,” he said.Williams says taxes on beer served in pubs rose by 20 percent in 18 months. All in all, he says it’s a difficult time.“Unfortunately, the smoking ban coincided with a lot of other very adverse trading conditions: rising costs, we had rapidly deteriorating economic conditions, plus hug tax increases, so we’ve likened it to a perfect storm,” he said.Stuart Mills, an entrepreneur, sees the downturn as an opportunity. He runs an Internet service that allows customers to have their mail delivered to their local pub.“What we’re really trying to do is to do two things, to get more people into pubs more often, but also really to help pubs cement their position at the heart of their local communities,” Mills explains.Tastes here are changing though. Wine bars, a recent trend, are taking away some of the business for pubs. But the British love of beer and the rare British summer day will mean, pub owners hope, that business will never totally dry up.。

施心远听力教程2第二单元文本及答案Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics--Stress, Intonation and Accent1. Did you want tea without milk?With milk, please. (f)2. See you at ten past one.At five past one. (c)3. Where’s the newspaper?It’s on top of the bookcase . (e)4. Did you want tea with lemon?With milk, please. (b)5. I thought I put the newspaper on the bookcase.It’s on top of the bookcase. (a)6. See you at five to one.At five past one. (d)Part 2 Listening and Note-takingRalph NaderRalph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn’t have a car or a TV set. He doesn’t have many clothes and he doesn’t care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn’t smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled “Unsafe at Any Speed,”which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to make car safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was the quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers containedthe right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader’s efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise A: Listen to some sentences and fill in the blanks with the missing words.1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise B: Take notes and complete the following outline.Ralph NaderI. Ralph Nader, a man of few possessionsA. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment.B. He doesn’t have a car or a TV set.C. He doesn’t have many clothes.D. He doesn’t care about money.II. His early efforts to make car saferA. He talked about the dangers of car, and how bad car design caused thedeaths of so many people each year at parties.B. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled“Unsafe at Any speed”.C. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how manydeaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars.D. In 1966, because of Nader’s work, a law was passed to make car safer. III. His interests in something very differentA. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods likesausages and hamburgersB. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader’s efforts.a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.b. The second was to protect people from radiation.c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.IV. Ralph Nader, one of the most influential people in the United StatesA. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women cando to improve the quality of life in their country.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Give Them Time to Get to Know YouFather: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don’t know.Father: It couldn’t be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven’t any friends there? Father: No, that you haven’t got any friends.Daughter: But I’ve told you! They’re not very friendly there. They never talk to me! They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn’t it possible it’s because you’re not very friendly towards them? Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation? Daughter: I’ve told you! They’re not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in groups! Father: Yes, but why don’t you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don’t be silly. I couldn’t. It would be awful!Father: Why?Daughter: It just would. That’s all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you’ll never make friends if you don’t try, will you? I mean, you’ve got to meet them, too, at least half way.Daughter: It just wouldn’t work!Father: You know what I think. I think you’re just saying that because you’re impatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. If you don’t get what you want immediately, you get depressed and you give up too easily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you’d understand... Father: You’ve only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel...Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the Followings statements are true or false.1. T2. T3. F4. T5. T6. TDialogue 2 GesturesNumber 1Woman: You know, a “nod” -- moving your head up and down -- means “yes” in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means “no”?Man: It means “no” in Greece? I’m surprised.Number 2Man: I didn’t know “raised eyebrows”means “yes”in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. “Raised eyebrows” is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Number 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that “tapping your head” means “I’m thinking”in Argentina.Man: That’s right.Woman: You’d better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means “crazy” in Canada? I didn’t know that. I’ll be careful. Number 4Man: You know, it’s interesting that in the Netherlands, “tapping your elbow”means you can’t depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the same gesture, but it has a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn’t like to spend money. Woman: Oh.Number 5Woman: Here’s an interesting one. You know how “circling your head” means that a person’s crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone.Man: That’s interesting.Number 6Man: So “flicking your chin” means “go away” in Italy, right?Woman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don’t know.Man: That’s right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, “flicking your chin” means “I don’t know.”Woman: “I don’t know” is the meaning?Man: Right.Number 7Woman: Well, everything is “thumbs up” for my trip to Nigeria. I’ve never been to Africa before. I’m really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you’d better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: “Thumbs up.” In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning. Don’t use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Number 8Man: You said “tossing your head” means “come here” for Germans?Woman: That’s right. But there axe some other meanings. In India, it means “yes.” But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means "no."Man: Hmm, “yes” in India, “no” in Italy. Isn’t it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings?Woman: It sure is.Exercise: Listen to some short conversations and match each gesture and meaning with the country. There is one example given in the first line of the following chart.Part 2 PassageWhy Shouldn’t You Go by First Impressions?One shouldn’t always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kindand generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brother had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question*.Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travellers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, “Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I’m afraid we have a problem.”“A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?”“Would you like to come into the office?” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy.“Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.”“Er ...yes.” My brother explained the position.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. “Young man,” she said. “I don’t believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs. Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I’d like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General’s. In the circumstances I’d advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you’re going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?”A: Pre-listening questionWhy shouldn’t you go by first impression?Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn’t go by first impression.B: Choose the best answer.1. C2. C3. A4. B5. C6. D7. A8. BC: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. What did people who knew the giant man think of him?To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. What was the difficult task the narrator’s brother had recently?Recently the narrator’s brother, who works for a famous American airline, remembered the truth that the plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question.3. What do we know about the relationship between Mrs. Pepper and the airline? They had a very close relationship.4. What would the narrator’s brother probably do next time?Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.Part 3 NewsNews Item 1The simultaneous* bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are imprinted* on the minds of many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks are unreliable, according to a study from Portsmouth University. 40% of British students questioned about the events remembered seeing CCTV footage* of the bus bomb -- footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction.Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed.“Memories are not like videotape you can rewind and replay for perfect recall,”said lead researcher James Ost. “Because of this, they are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions.”A: Listen and summarize the news item.This news item is about the false memories that British people have about the attacks happened in London three years ago.B: Complete the following passage.The simultaneous bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London some years ago are well remembered by many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks cannot be trusted, according to a study from Portsmouth University. When questioned about the events 40% of British students remembered seeing CCTV(闭路监控) footage (片段) of the bus bomb——footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen anon-existent computerized reconstruction. Some even recalled specific details of the attack, which none of them witnessed. James Ost, the lead researcher, therefore concluded that memories are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions."News Item 2China begins three days of mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan province, with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.For three minutes a collective wail * was heard across the town of Beichuan as raid sirens* and car horns sounded the exact time when the earthquake hit China one week ago. Workers here laid wreaths* outside the town's school. At 2:28 in the afternoon, last Monday, it was engulfed* in a landslide*, hundreds of children died.To the side of the mourners, bodies lay waiting to be buried. Rescue work has resumed and two women were found alive here this morning, but these glimmer of hope are increasingly rare. The aftershocks* continue.A: Listen and summarize the news item.This news item is about the mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan, China.B: Listen again and answer the questions.1. How did the Chinese people mourn the earthquake victims?The Chinese mourning for earthquake victims with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.2. When did that strong earthquake occur?At 2: 28 in the afternoon, last Monday.3. How many children were killed in a landslide?Hundreds of children were killed in a landslide.4. What happened to the rescue work as time went by?The hope of finding more people alive were increasingly rare.5. Did the quake stop completely one week after the strong quake happened? No, aftershocks continue.News item 3Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday after a deadly bombing in Jakarta. At least 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by aUnited States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. The explosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.Exercise A:This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years.Exercise B:F 1. Indonesia is going to reduce security measures Wednesday.T 2. A fatal car bombing happened in Jakarta.F 3. At least 30 people were killed and 148 people were injured.F 4. The damaged hotel is run by a European country.T 5. Two days later an Indonesian court would rule the former bombing case in Bali.T 6. More than 200 people were killed in the attacks of Bali Island.Section Three Oral WorkRetellingAs Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hound ed by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion. As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it. Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, “Mother!” Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPassage 1College Costs in the U.S.A new report says the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased 14 percent this year. This is the biggest increase in tuition* in 30 years. But the study also found that the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education, because of grants*. And it points out that American students received a record amount of financial aid last year.Students do not have to repay grants, unlike financial aid in the form of loans. About half of American college students receive grants. This means that education costs differ from student to student.The report is from the College Board. This is a non-profit membership group of schools and other educational organizations. One of its best-known jobs is to administer* college entrance tests.The College Board says tuition at two-year public colleges rose at the same rate as four-year schools.The College Board says the increases were mainly caused by cuts in state spending on education. But a congressman says colleges have increased their prices in both good and bad economic times. John Baehner of Ohio is chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. He says colleges do not want to talk about their decisions to spend money to build things like rock-climbing walls.The College Board collected information from 4,000colleges and universities. It says the average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is 10,600dollars. While tuition rose 14percent this year, housing and other costs increased at a lower rate.At a private college, total charges are almost 27,000dollars. That is an increase of about six percent over last year.David Ward is president of the American Council on Education. His group represents colleges and universities. Mister Ward called the College Board findings bad news. But he says percentage increases in tuition do not tell the whole story. He says there was good news about grants and other student aid.The College Board says financial aid for the last school year reached 105,000 million dollars. That amount was up sharply from the year before.Exercise A:1. Because of grants, the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education.2. Two forms of financial aid for the students are grants and loans.3. When students receive loans, they have to repay them later.4. The increases in tuition are mainly caused by cuts in state spending on education.5. The total charge for the students who live at a college includes tuition, housing and other costs.Exercise B:l. This year the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased 14 percent.2. The average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is 10,600 dollars. While at a private college, total charges are almost 27,000 dollars.3. The above information is collected from 4,000 colleges and universities.4. It is said that this year’s increase in the cost of studies is the biggest one in 30 years.5. American students received a record amount of financial aid last year, which reached 105,000 million dollars.Passage 2My GrandfatherI opened the door. My Grandfather was in the front room. He was wearing the ceremonial beaded deerskin shirt which had belonged to his grandfather. “Welcome back,” he said.I embraced my parents warmly, letting go only when I saw my cousin Roger sprawled on the couch. His eyes were red and swollen. He’d lost weight. His feet were an unsightly mass of blood and blisters, and he was moaning: “I made it, see. I made it. I’m a warrior.”My grandfather looked at me strangely. I was clean, obviously well-fed, and radiantly healthy. My parents got the message. My uncle and aunt gazed at me with hostility.Finally my grandfather asked, “What did you eat to keep you so well?”I sucked in my breath and blurted* out the truth: “Hamburgers and milk shakes.”“Hamburgers!” my grandfather growled*.“Milk shakes!” Roger moaned.“You didn’t say we had to eat grasshoppers,” I said sheepishly.“Tell us all about your Ta-Na-E-Ka,” my grandfather commanded.I told them everything, from borrowing the five dollars, to Ernie’s kindness, to observing the beaver.“That’s not what I trained you for,” my grandfather said sadly.I stood up. “Grandfather, I learned that Ta-Na-E-Ka is important. I didn’t think so during training. I was scared stiff of it. I handled it my way. And I learned I had nothing to be afraid of. There’s no reaso n in 1947 to eat grasshoppers when you can eat a hamburger.”I was inwardly shocked at my own audacity*. “Grandfather, I’ll bet you never ate one of those rotten berries yourself.”Grandfather laughed!“Those berries -- they are terrible,” Grandfather admitted. “I could never swallow them. I found a dead deer on the first day of my Ta-Na-E-Ka -- shot by a soldier, probably -- and he kept my belly full for the entire period of the test!”My grandfather called me to Roger. “You should have done what you r cousin did. But I think you are more alert to what is happening to our people today than we are. I think you would have passed the test under any circumstances, in any time. Somehow, you know how to exist in a world that wasn’t made for Indians. I don’t think you’re going to have any trouble surviving.”A: Pre-listening questionWhat is Ta-Na-E-Ka? Could you tell us something about it?B: Choose the best answer.1. A2. B3. D4. C5. D6. B7. B8. DC: Listen and answer the questions.1. Where was her grandfather when the writer came back to the house?Her grandfather was in the front room.2. How was her cousin Roger when she met him there?He sprawled on the couch with red and swollen eyes. He lost weight, his feet being an unsightly mass of blood blisters. He was moaning.3. How was the writer when she had an experience of Ta-Na-E-Ka?She was clean, obviously well-fed, and radiantly healthy.4. How did her grandfather survive his Ta-Na-E-Ka?At that time, he found a dead deer on the first day of my Ta-Na-E-Ka. This deer might have been shot by a soldier, and it kept her grandfather’s belly fullfor the entire period of the test.5. What was her grandfather’s comment on her Ta-Na-E-Ka?The writer’s grandfather told her that she should have done what her cousin did. But he thought that she was more alert to what was happening to the people today than they were. He thought she would have passed the test under any circumstances, in any time. Somehow, she knew how to exist in a world that wasn’t made for Indians. He didn’t think she was going to have any trouble surviving.。

Unit 10Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1--PhoneticsArcher: Excuse me, do you speak Enlgish?Woman: Yes, a little.Archer: I’m looking for a bank.Woman: I’m sorry, could you say that again, please?Archer: I’m looking for a bank.Woman: There’s a bank just round the corner. I can show you where it is.Archer: Thank you very much. That’s very kind of you.Woman: That’s all right.Archer: Your English is very good.Woman: I’m learning English at evening classes. Are you here on h oliday?Archer: No, I’m giving some lectures at the university.Woman: Well, I hope you enjoy yourself here.Part 2--Listening and Note-TakingWoman: How do you find living on a grant? Can you manage it?Man: Well, rent is the biggest item on my budget. That’s more than ￡8. I’m quite luck, because I share a house with some friends and it’s quite near the University, and we share the bill, of course, you know, gas, electricity and that. They come about ￡1.50. After rent comesfood--that’s my next biggest expense, I suppose. Of course, I can’t afford to eat in restaurants or anything like that.Woman: What about books? Do you have to spend a lot on books?Man: Well, well, it depends,--I mean last week I spend ￡3.25 just on one book, and that’s about average for a week, I’d say.Woman: Do you buy newspapers and magazines much?Man: Well, not a lot, because—well, they have them in the college library, you see, but I reckon to spend about, urn ￡1, or ￡1.5 on papers.Woman: What about entertainment, do you go out a lot?Man: Well, I go to the pub nearly every evening if that’s what you m ean, you know, for a drink with you know, with my friends, and I smoke and well, altogether I spend about ￡5 a week on that.Woman: So it’s not very easy to live on your grant then, is it?Man: No, no, not really, I work, I get job every vacation as a driver o r in a factory or something like that…There’s nothing I can give up really. I mean, if I give up smoking, I’ll only save ￡1.50 pe week anyway. Sometimes I save on transport—that averages aout ￡2 a week usually, but if I hitchhike home to my parents for example, I save on the train fare, and that’s quite a bit…ExerciseSpending (per week)Item Money spentrent ￡8bill(gas, electricity) ￡1.50food ￡5.50books ￡3.25papers ￡1.50transport ￡2entertainment ￡5Section Two: Listening ComprehensionPart 1--DialoguesDialogue 1: The National Telecom ShowroomMrs Fennell: Have you any idea what time the National Telecom Sho wroom opens, Kate?Kate Mitcham: The National Telecom Showroom? No, I’m afraid I h aven’t. Why don’t you phone them?Mrs Fennell: Can you pass me the telephone directory, please?Kate Mitcham: Yes, er... Do you want L to R or S to Z?Mrs Fennell: L to R, I suppose. Thanks.Information clerk: Good morning. National Telecom Showroom.Mrs Fennell: Could you tell me what time the showroom opens, pleas e?Information clerk:Certainly. It opens at 10 a.m. and closes at 5 p.m. o n Monday to Fridays.Mrs Fennell: Thank you. And could you possibly send me some infor mation about office systems?Information clerk: Of course. We have some brochures. Would you li ke to give me your name and address?Mrs Fennell: Yes, my name’s Fennell. F-e-double n-e-double l. And t he address is Communico Limited, 138 East Avenue, London N19.Information clerk: N19. Right. I’ll put that in the post to you today. D o you require anything else?Mrs Fennell: No, that’s all, thank you.Exercise :1. What does Mrs Fennell want to know?(She wants to know when the National Telecom Showroom opens)2. Where can she find the telephone number?(She can find the telephone number from the telephone directory.)3. When does the showroom open?( It opens at 10 a.m. and closes at 5 p.m. on Mondays to Fridays.)4. Why does the Infromation clerk want to know her name and address?( Because he wants to send her some brochures by post.)5. Where does Mrs Fennell work?(She works for a company, Communico Limited.)Dialogue 2: At Heathrow AirportNick and Lise are waiting for Malcolm at Heathrow Airport. They ar e listening to the announcements, but there is a lot of noise.Lise: Could you hear, Nick? Did she say “Toronto”?Nick: I don’t know. There’s too much noise. What time does Malc’s plane arrive?Lise: I told you. At 9.30. Flight AC 866.Nick: Gosh, it’s almost 10.15 now! The plane’s probably landed. Wh y don’t you go and ask at the Information Desk?Lise: OK. And you go and wait by the exit over there.Nick: Hey, wait a minute! What does Malc look like?Lise: Oh, he’s like me. But he’s taller and thinner. And his hair’s mu ch darker. Anyway, don’t worry. I’ll be back in a minute.…Nick: Excuse me, are you Malcolm Anderson?Man: What? No, I’m not.Nick: Oh, sorry.Malc:: Er… are you looking for Malcolm Anderson?Nick: Yes, oh, it’s you! But you’re not like your sister!Malc: Aren’t I? Anyway, you must be Nick. Nice to meet you. Wher e’s Lise?Nick: She’s just gone to the Information Desk. Ah, here she is.Lise: Malc! What happened to you? We’ve been here for hours!Malc: Well, first of all I had trouble at Immigration. And then they c oldn’t find some of my luggage. And then they asked me a lot of question s in Customs.Lise: Well, never mind, you’re here now. But I’ll just go back to the Information Desk…Exercise A:F 1. Malcolm is traveling on Flight 886. ( Malcolm is traveling on Fl ight AC 866.)F 2. The plane is delayed. (Probably not. The plane landed on time b ut Malcolm is delayed.)F 3. Lise askes Nick to go and wait at the arrival lounge. (Lise asks Nick to go and wait by the exit.)T 4. Malcolm is Lise’s brother.F 5. They’ve been waiting for him for hours. (Probably they’ve been waiting for him for about an hour. Nick: What time does Malc’s plane ar rive? Lise: At 9.30. Nick: Gosh, it’s almost 10.15 now!)Exercise B:1. Why is Malcolm delayed? (Because he first had trouble at Immigra tion. And then they couldn’t find some of his luggage. And finally they as ked him a lot of questions in Customs.)2. Why does Lise go back to the Information Desk again? (Probably s he has asked the Information desk to make an announcement. Now she goes there to tell them not to broadcast it.)Part 2--PassagesPassage 1: The Weather ForecastIt’s five to nine and here is the weather forecast for the British Isles until midnight.For all areas east of London and as far north as the Wash it will be dr y with a few patches of hazy sunshine along the coastal regions. Inland the winds will drop, and temperatures should rise to 20°C although there islittle chance of the sun breaking through.Along the south coast the day will start clear and bright, with tempera tures climbing to 25°C by midday. However, by late afternoon, clouds wi ll appear from the southwest bringing the possibility of some humidity.In western region, covering Wales and southwest england as far as Bristol, heavy rain has already set in, and in England it is expected to continue for the rest of the day, with temperatures only reaching 17 or 18 degrees.The worst of the rain should have cleared Pembroke and west Walesby mid-afternoon and occasional breaks in the cloud may lift the temperatures to 19, but further north, more rain blowing across the Irish sea, with high winds, will keep the temperature down to 15 or 16 degrees; low for t his time of the year.Finally, for the rest of England and Scotland, the weather will be cha ngeable; with rain from the west clearing by mid-morning, and then brighter periods with scattered showers will cover most of the Midlands and Sc otland. The winds will be fresh from the northwest becoming chilly in thenorth of Scotland. As night falls, fog will roll in from the North Sea andmost of the northeast Scottish coast will have restricted visibility. Temperatures will decrease rapidly in the evening, in some places in the extremenorth falling to 7 degrees. That is the end of thee weather forecast, and the shipping forecast will follow shortly.Exercise:1. D2. C3. A4. B5. D6. A7. B8. CPart 3--News News Item 1Last Saturday, in Japan, finance ministers of the Group of Eight countries urged oil producing countries to increase production. But they also called on the International Monetary Fund and the International Energy Agency to jointly examine the recent price rise.I.M.F. chief Dominique Strauss-Kahn said that some G-Eightministers were concerned about financial speculation. How important it is and what influence it has on the market will be investigated, he says. Areport is expected in October.Futures markets now largely set the price of oil. Yet these contractsrarely involve an exchange of real barrels of oil. Most oil is traded on what is called the spot market or through other contracts between producers and users. The prices, however, are usually based on futures prices.Exercise A:This news item is about concerns of the G-eight ministers overhigh oil prices.Exercise B:1. T2. F3. T4. F5. F6. TNews Item 2Last Friday, President Bush called for an economic growth package -- a plan to give a quick shot of energy to the slowing American economy. Now, the administration has an agreement with Democratic and Republican leaders in the House of Representatives.President Bush called the 150 billion dollar deal, reached Thursday,the right set of policies and the right size. He urged Congress to pass it as soon as possible, saying the economy urgently needs action. He said theplan would lead to higher consumer spending and increased businessinvestment this year.The measures must be approved by the House and the Senate andsigned into law by the president.Many economists worry that the world's largest economy will enter or has already entered a recession.Exercise A:This news item is about a plan to aid the US economy.Exercise B:1.T2. T3. F4. F5. F6. TNews Item 3World economic growth remained strong in 2007. The International Monetary Fund estimated growth at five and two-tenths percent.But predictions for 2008 call for slower growth in the world economy. In October the I.M.F. cut its estimate for global growth this year by almost half a percentage point, to four and eight-tenths percent.There are worries of an economic slowdown or possibly a recession in the United States. The most important issue for 2008 may be the American housing market.Another major issue for two thousand eight is what effect energy prices will have on economic growth. The price of a barrel of oil doubled in two thousand seven. And on the second day of two thousand eight, the price hit one hundred dollars for the first time. The dollar continued itsdrop against most major currencies in 2007.Exercise A:This news item is about world economic growth that is predicted to slow in 2008.Exercise B:1. The estimated growth of the world economy in 2007was at fiveand two-tenths percent.2. According to the International Monetary Fund’s estimation, thegrowth in 2008 is at four and eight-tenths percent.3. In 2007, the price of a barrel of oil doubled.4. On the second day of 2008, the oil price reached $100 per barrel.Exercise C:The global economic growth, though remaining strong in 2007, is predicted to slow in 2008. The housing market and the energyprices are two major issues that affect world economic growth for 2008. These two major issues plus US dollar continuing to drop against most major currencies lead to worries of an economic slowdown or a recession in the United States.Section Three: Oral WorkPart 1--Questions and AnswersHarry is a journalist. He is interviewing Professor Thomas, the Nobel Prize Winner and his wife.Prof. Thomas: Well, I’m surprised above all. The Prize was completely unexpected.Harry: Mrs Thomas, are you happy about it?Mrs. Thomas: Oh, I’m absolutely delighted.Harry: Professor Thomas, do you enjoy being famous?Prof. Thomas: It’s a new experience. In fact, it’s quite unbelievable.Harry: Do you find it difficult to work with all your interviews and pr ess conferences?Prof. Thomas: Indeed I do. I find it quite impossible to work under su ch circumstances.Harry: Would you like to give up work altogether?Prof. Thomas: Oh, no. The idea is utterly ridiculous.Mrs Thomas: He couldn’t, even if he wanted to. He’s totally dedicated to his work.Harry: I’m glad to hear that because everyone is really delighted at y our success.Prof. Thomas: Thank you very much.Harry: Mrs Thomas, Professor Thomas is a brilliant scientist. What’s he like as a husband?Mrs Thomas: Oh, he’s quite remarkable in this field too.Harry: I suppose you consider yourself lucky to have a man like this f or your husband.Mrs. Thomas: You’re absolutely right, I do.Harry: Professor Thomas, what are your plans for the future?Prof. Thomas: Well, the only plan I have at the moment is to enjoy a really superb dinner.Harry: Mrs Thomas, Professor, thank you.1. Why is Professor Thomas surprised?He’s surprised because the Prize was completely unexpected.2. How does Mrs Thomas feel about it?She’s absolutely delighted.3. Does Professor thomas find it difficult to work at the moment?Yes, he finds it quite impossible.4. What does Professor Thomas think about giving up work?He thinks the idea is utterly ridiculous.5. What does Mrs Thomas say about her husband’s attitude to his wo rk?She says he’s totally dedicated to his work.6. What is the reaction of everyone to Professor’s success?Everyone is really delighted at his success.7. What is the professor like as a husband?He’s quite remarkable.8. What does Professor Thomas plan to do now?He plans to enjoy a really superb dinner.Part 2--RetellingThe tooth had been bothering David for some time. He knew he shou ld have gone to the dentist earlier. But he always put off seeing the dentist .Yesterday afternoon David went to see his dentist because he couldn’t bear the pain any more. David told him that the tooth had kept him awak e the night before. Then the dentist looked into his mouth, but he did not look only at the one tooth. Instead he looked them all over.“Hmm,” he said. “I’m afraid several of your teeth need seeing to.” He began to describe exactly what needed doing. David listened to him with a kind of sick feeling in the stomach.“I should say that at least four teeth have cavities. We’ll have to see t o them i mmediately.”David asked about the tooth that had been aching. “I may be able to s ave it,” the dentist said to him.Section Four: Supplementary ExercisePart 1—Listening ComprehensionPassage 1: Package HolidaysPackage holidays, covering a two weeks’ stay in an attractive locatio n are increasingly popular, because they offer an inclusive price with few extras. Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour operator to see that you get safely to your destination.Excursions, local entertainment, swimming, sunbathing, skiing—youname it—it’s all laid on for you. There is, in fact, no reason for you to bot her to arrange anything yourselves. You make friends and have a good time, but there is very little chance that you will really get to know the local people. This is even less likely on a coach tour, when you spend almostyour entire time travelling. Of course, there are carefully scheduled stopsfor you to visit historic buildings and monuments, but you will probably be allowed only a brief stay overnight in some famous cities, with a politereminder to be up and breakfasted early in time for the coach next mornin g. You may visit the beautiful, the historic, the ancient, but time is always at your elbow. There is also the added disadvantage of being obliged to s pend your holiday with a group of people you have never met before, ma y not like and have no reasonable excuse for getting away from. As again st this, it can be argued that for many people, particularly the lonely or eld erly, the feeling of belonging to a group, although for a short period on ho liday, is an added bonus. They can sit safely back in their seats and watch the world go by.Exercise:1. B2. A3. D4. B5. A6. B7. C8. CPassage 2 SkyscrapersThe first skyscrapers were built in the United States. As early as the 1 880s, two new technical developments made these taller buildings possibl e. One development was the mechanical elevator. It meant that people would ot have to climb many steps to reach the upper floors of tall buildings. Elevators could carry them quickly to the top floors.The development of steel also helped make taller buildings possible. Walls of stone, concrete and other materials had supported earlier buildin gs. But such walls were too heavy for a truly tall building. Pieces of steel, however, could help form a strong skeleton for a tall building. The steel f rame was strong enough to support the building. Walls could be made of glass or other thin materials. Today, most skyscrapers have steel frames with glass or metal walls connected to them.The first skyscraper was built in Chicago, Illinois in 1885. It was the Home Insurance Building. It was almost 55 meters tall, By the early 1990s, skyscrapers were rising in all large American cities, especially in New York.The world’s most famous skyscraper was built there in 1931. The Em pire State Building was the tallest building in the world for more than fort y years. It is still one fo the most popular. Each year, more than 3,000,000visitors to New York City ride an elevator to the top of the Empire State Building. They stand outdoors in a special observation area almost 380 meters above the ground. From there, they can see all of the city of New York far below.By the 1950s, most big American businesses had their headquarters i n skyscrapers. The goal was to keep all employees of the same company t ogether. By the 1960s and early 1970s, almost every skyscraper looked th e same. They were like boxes with flat tops and square sides. The buildin gs were made of glass, steel and concrete.European architects invented this simple design. It is called the International Style. They wanted to create buildings for working people. Theywanted buildings that were simple and expressed the idea that all peoplewere equal. But after a while, architects and other people bacame tired ofbuildings that looked like boxes. They said that too many of them made a city look ugly.Today, architects are designing many unusual and interesting skyscra pers. Some architects use elements of past, classical architecture in their s kyscrapers. For example, they might use tall stone columns like those of Greek temples in a new skyscarper.Some recent skyscrapers rise up from the ground in long, wide curves. Some are round, rising into the air like a steel pipe. Others have uneven shapes, with walls of different sizes. Architects also use different buildingmaterials to make skyscrapers more beautiful and interesting. They use granite and other kinds of stone to add color to the newest tall buildings. Colored glass also has become popular in skyscrapers.Exercise:In late 19th century two new technical developments made skyscrapers possible.One development was the mechanical elevator.The other development was steel.Earlier skyscrapers:The first skyscraper was built in Chicago, USA in 1885.The world’s most famous skyscraper, the Empire State Building was built in New York, in 1931.Skyscrapers of 1960s and early 1970s:Every skyscraper looked the same.They were like boxes with flat tops and square sides.They were made of glass, steel and concrete.This simple design expressed the idea that all people were equal. It is als o called the International Style.Skyscrapers nowadays:Some skyscrapers rise up from the ground in long, wide curves. Some are round, look like steel pipes.Others have uneven shapes with walls of different sizes.Materials used by architects to build skyscrapers in recent days are granit e, other kinds of stone and colored glass, etc.Part 2-- Oral WorkMary had to go to London one evening. She decided she would rather take a train than go by car. But when she got to the station, she found the drivers had gone on strike. Just then she saw Linda. She was going to Lon don, too. “Come on. We’ll push through the crowd,” Linda said.A long queue was waiting in front of the gate for the London train. T hey joined it. They talked about the strike. “We women should go on strike, too. We have to get equal rights in pay and everything. We have to be t reated the same as men are!”Just then, the gate was opened. Everybody began to push. A man nex t to them pushed Linda aside got in front. “There aren’t any gentlemen lef t any more. Men don’t even know how to treat women like a lady any mo re!” Linda said loudly.。