安徽大学考博英语题型分析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The newly-built Science Building seems（）enough to last a hundred years.问题1选项A.spaciousB.sophisticatedC.substantialD.steady【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项spacious“宽敞的；广阔的”；B选项sophisticated“复杂的；精致的”；C选项substantial“大量的；实质的”；D选项steady“稳定的；稳固的”。

句意：新建的科学馆似乎很……，估计能持续一百年。

根据后面的last a hundred years“持续100年”可以推论出新的建筑物，一定是足够结实，足够坚固的。

因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题The story was（）; it was completely untrue.问题1选项A.facilitatedB.fascinatedC.fabricatedD.formulated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项facilitated“促进；帮助”；B选项fascinated“使着迷；使陶醉”；C选项fabricated“编造；虚构”；D选项formulated“规划”。

句意：这个故事是……的，完全不真实。

根据后面的评价completely untrue“一点也不真实”，可以知道这个故事是编造而成的。

因此C选项符合题意。

3.单选题I asked the tailor to make a small（）to my trousers because they were too long.问题1选项A.alterationB.variationC.revisionD.change【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项alteration“修改；更改”；B选项variation“变化；变更”；C选项revision“修正；复习”；D选项change“变化；改变”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Hundreds of chickens are raised in the（）.问题1选项A.exposureB.enclosureC.closureD.pressure【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项exposure“暴露；曝光”；B选项enclosure“附件；围墙”；C选项closure“关闭；终止”；D选项pressure“压力；压迫”。

句意：……里养了数百只小鸡。

句中所说的是圈养小鸡，所以会需要一堵围墙。

因此B选项符合题意。

2.单选题Diana could hardly believe her eyes when she saw in the mirror how pretty she was in that （）dress.问题1选项A.deliberateB.tentativeC.ingeniousD.exquisite【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项deliberate“故意的”；B选项tentative“试验性的，暂定的”；C选项ingenious“新颖的，灵巧的”。

D选项exquisite“精致的”。

句意：当在镜子里看到她穿着那件……的裙子是多么的漂亮时，戴安娜不敢相信自己的眼睛。

空格后dress“裙子”为名词，因此需要填入一个形容词进行修饰。

根据后面的提示how pretty she was“她是多么的漂亮”，由此可知她穿了一条精美的裙子。

因此D选项符合题意。

3.单选题Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education — not to pursue Knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual;” says education writer Diane Ravi tch. “Schools could be a counterbalance—’’ Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Sherries; “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and Professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urge have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemp lified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized — going to school and learning to read — so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines,ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellec t is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?37. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of（）.38. The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are（）.39. Emerson, according to the text, is probably（）.40. What does the author think of intellect?问题1选项A.The habit of thinking independently.B.Profound knowledge of the world.C.Practical abilities for future career.D.The confidence in intellectual pursuits.问题2选项A.undervaluing intellectB.favoring intellectualismC.supporting school reformD.suppressing native intelligence问题3选项A.identicalB.similarplementaryD.opposite问题4选项A.A pioneer of education reformB.An opponent of intellectualismC.A scholar in favor of intellectD.An advocate of regular schooling问题5选项A.It is second to intelligence.B.It evolves from common sense.C.It is to be pursued.D.It underlies power.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】36. 推理判断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题As a country with a long civilized history China is also one big oriental country full of modern vitality, not to mention its unique, rich and varied tourism resources. Besides the picturesque natural scenery, profound history and extensive culture, China embodies the different folk customs of 56 nationalities. Now, there are 29 places that have been listed as World Cultural and Natural Heritages sites. Thanks to the further push by the opening up and reform, China’s modern construction is surging ahead and the cities and the country are experiencing daily changes. The ancient glory of China and its modern boom add radiance and charm to each other, joining to create a most favorable condition for developing our domestic and international tourism.【答案】中国是一个有着悠久文明历史的国家，也是一个充满现代活力的东方大国，更不用说它独特、丰富、多样的旅游资源了。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题China, the economic powerhouse with a population of more than one billion people, is often at the（）of the news agenda.问题1选项A.forefrontB.edgeC.brinkD.border【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项forefront“前沿；最前线”；B选项edge“边缘”；C选项brink“边缘”；D选项border“边界；边境”。

句意：中国，这个拥有超过10亿人口的经济强国，经常出现在新闻议程的……。

B选项edge一般是用来形容比较窄的边缘。

C选项brink一般是指悬崖峭壁的边缘。

D选项border边界通常用来形容两国之间的边界线与临界点。

而根据关键词news agenda“新闻议程”，中国经常能够占据新闻议程的最前沿。

因此A选项符合题意。

2.单选题All the data sent back from the satellites suggested that an asteroid of about the size of an auditorium（）on its way to our planet.问题1选项A.isB.wasC.wereD.be【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词使用的一致性。

that接在动词后面充当句中的宾语从句。

主句使用的是一般过去式，宾语从句中的谓语动词，应与主句的时态保持一致。

因此空格处应使用be动词的过去式was/were。

从句中的主语是an asteroid“一颗小行星”为单数，所以应使用was。

句意：从卫星发来的所有数据表明一颗像礼堂一样大小的行星正在向我们的星球靠近。

因此B选项符合题意。

3.单选题Woodcarving began as a necessity in America and developed into an art. Because of the lack of other materials, early settlers were forced to make tools and utensils out of wood. At first, these articles were whittled with a knife, but when pioneer craftsmen set up their primitive shops most of them were fashioned on a lathe—a machine which holds an object and rotates it while it is being shaped by a tool.However, even after Massachusetts-born Thomas Blanchard designed a lathe which could turn irregular shapes—an innovation that, made possible mass production of gunstocks, shoe lasts, oblong and square wood ware—craftsmen who could use knife and chisel skillfully were still in demand. Some found ready employment in shops of cabinet-makers and chair-makers, while others carved decoys (捕兽的圈套). Still others specialized in creating shop signs, ship figureheads, or in decorating interior woodwork. A few even accepted commissions to make busts(半身像) of prominent citizens.36. This passage most likely came from a longer work about early American（）.37. The passage suggests that the early shops for making tools were（）.38. It can be inferred from the passage that, before Thomas Blanchard’s invention, lathes （）.39. Which of the following object was an important wood-working tool used by early American craftsmen?40. According to the passage, when wooden articles began to be mass-produced, what did many individual wood-workers do?问题1选项A.arts and craftsB.political leadersC.logging industriesD.fashion design问题2选项A.not very sophisticatedB.known for doing very quick workC.dependent on imported materialsD.frequented only by fashionable people问题3选项A.were not made of woodB.could not produce square objectsC.were found only in cabin making shopsD.could be used to make most tools and utensils问题4选项A.A bustB.A decoyC.A figureheadD.A chisel问题5选项A.They moved out of Massachusetts.B.They found wood making specialized items.C.They made demands on government leaders.D.They took jobs on ships as sailors.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B【解析】36. 推理判断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Jane Goodall spent decades in the wild（）chimpanzees, much of the time all by herself.问题1选项A.observingB.to observeC.observedD.to be observed【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。

sb. spend time/money on sth/in doing sth.，其中in可以省略。

因此空格内应填入动词的ing形式。

句意：珍•古德花了数十年在野外观察黑猩猩，大多时间都是独处。

因此A选项符合题意。

2.单选题Diana could hardly believe her eyes when she saw in the mirror how pretty she was in that （）dress.问题1选项A.deliberateB.tentativeC.ingeniousD.exquisite【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项deliberate“故意的”；B选项tentative“试验性的，暂定的”；C选项ingenious“新颖的，灵巧的”。

D选项exquisite“精致的”。

句意：当在镜子里看到她穿着那件……的裙子是多么的漂亮时，戴安娜不敢相信自己的眼睛。

空格后dress“裙子”为名词，因此需要填入一个形容词进行修饰。

根据后面的提示how pretty she was“她是多么的漂亮”，由此可知她穿了一条精美的裙子。

因此D选项符合题意。

3.单选题The story was（）; it was completely untrue.问题1选项A.facilitatedB.fascinatedC.fabricatedD.formulated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-合肥工业大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?问题1选项A.senselessB.unimportantC.indifferentD.uninteresting【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项senseless“愚蠢的；无知觉的；无意识的”；B选项unimportant“不重要的；琐碎的”；C选项indifferent“不关心的，冷淡的”；D选项uninteresting“无趣味的；乏味的”。

句意：美国知识分子在他的社会中被排斥，被认为是……，这是真的吗？根据关键信息the American intellectual is rejected“美国知识分子被排斥”，也即是说美国知识分子在他们的社会中很难享有一席之地，因为他们不受重视。

因此B选项符合题意。

2.单选题He was an hour late, but he ______ himself in her eyes by giving her a huge bunch of flowers. 问题1选项A.harassedB.redeemedC.crucifiedD.pestered【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

A项harass“骚扰，（使）困扰（或烦恼）”，B项redeem“赎回，挽回，兑换”，C项crucify“折磨，十字架上钉死，克制”，D项pester“纠缠，烦扰，使烦恼”。

根据but可知前后语义是转折的关系，由He was an hour late“他迟到了一个小时”可知，but he ______ himself fin her eyes应该表示“挽回自己的形象”符合语境，redeem oneself表示“挽回声誉、形象，自赎”。

第一部分考试要求、命题形式与解题技巧一、考试要求阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）是博士生入学英语考试的重要组成部分，该题型一直是各院校考查的重点，为每年必考题型而且比重最大（个别院校除外），分值比重一般为30%或40%（电子科技大学达到50%）。

为了顺利通过博士生入学英语考试，考生必须高度重视阅读理解能力的训练和提高。

（一）测试要求在国家教育部颁布的《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》中关于“读”的能力要求为：掌握并能运用各项阅读技能（如概括中心思想，猜词悟意，预见，推理和推论等），具有语法水平上的分析能力。

能较顺利地阅读并正确理解有相当难度的一般性题材文章和其他读物，达到每分钟60-70个词，读后能够理解中心思想及内容。

计时阅读难度略低，生词不超过总词数2%的材料，速度达到每分钟100-120个词，读后能理解中心思想及主要内容。

总阅读量：精读30000个词左右，泛读80000个词左右。

原国家教委发布的《非英语专业硕士研究生英语学位课程考试大纲》（试行稿）明确指出，阅读理解的测试目的主要是考查学生通过阅读材料获取信息的能力，要求考生在快速阅读材料的同时，能够正确地理解材料的意思。

具体而言，阅读理解主要测试考生如下几方面的能力：（1）所掌握词汇量的深度和广度，准确把握某些词和词组在上下文中特定含义的能力；（2）迅速总结所读材料的中心思想和段落大意，并找出一些表露作者观点的关键句子的能力；（3）对所读材料各段落之间的逻辑意义进行判断、推理和引申的能力；（4）注意一些对理解全文或某个关键句子起着重要的作用的细节问题的能力；（5）领会作者的观点和判断作者的态度，或者从阅读材料所隐含的意思中推断出作者的观点和态度的能力。

总之，阅读理解部分不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想，而且要求考生注意文中细节；不但要求对具体事实情节的理解，而且要求对其抽象含义的理解，既要理解字面意思，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等；既要求理解文中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系，又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理；既要求考生能够运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题，又要求考生能运用应有的常识去分析、理解问题。

2023全国博士英语考试题型全国博士英语考试是获得博士学位的重要环节之一，其考试内容涵盖了英语听、说、读、写、译等多个方面。

以下是2023年全国博士英语考试的题型及分析，以供参考。

一、听力理解听力理解部分主要测试考生理解英语学术讲座和对话的能力。

该部分共20道题，每道题1分，总分为20分。

考试时间为30分钟。

听力材料的难度较高，涉及的领域广泛，包括社会科学、自然科学等。

考生需要具备较强的听力技巧和快速理解能力，才能准确把握听力材料的主旨和细节。

二、阅读理解阅读理解部分主要测试考生阅读并理解英语学术文章的能力。

该部分共20道题，每道题2分，总分为40分。

考试时间为50分钟。

阅读文章的题材和难度与学术论文相似，涉及的主题广泛，包括社会科学、自然科学、人文科学等。

考生需要具备较强的阅读技巧和批判性思维能力，才能准确把握文章的主旨和细节，并做出正确的推理判断。

三、翻译翻译部分主要测试考生将英语学术文章翻译成汉语的能力。

该部分共2道题，每道题10分，总分为20分。

考试时间为30分钟。

翻译文章的主题广泛，包括社会科学、自然科学、人文科学等。

考生需要具备较强的翻译技巧和语言表达能力，同时还需要了解相关领域的背景知识，才能准确传达原文的意思。

四、写作写作部分主要测试考生撰写英语学术论文的能力。

该部分共1道题，总分为20分。

考试时间为40分钟。

写作题目要求考生就某一主题撰写一篇学术论文，要求结构清晰、逻辑严密、语言准确、表达流畅。

考生需要具备较强的学术素养和写作技巧，同时还需要了解相关领域的学术规范和写作要求。

总体来说，2023年全国博士英语考试的难度较高，对考生的英语水平和学术素养要求较高。

考生需要通过系统的备考和训练，全面提高自己的英语听、说、读、写、译能力，同时还需要了解相关领域的背景知识和学术规范，才能顺利通过考试。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题All the people present agreed that she’d done a superb job promoting the new product and that she（）every word of the praise from her colleagues.问题1选项A.placedB.presentedC.bestowedD.deserved【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项placed“放置；任命”；B选项presented“提出；展现”；C选项bestowed“赋予；授予”；D选项deserved“值得；应得”。

句意：所有在场的人都一致认为她很出色地完成了营销新产品的工作，同事们对她的每一句赞美都是她……的。

因为她出色的完成了工作，她应该得到所有的赞美和荣誉。

故D选项符合题意。

2.单选题The old house at the end of the street has recently been（）.问题1选项A.pulledB.leveledC.erasedD.demolished【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项pulled“拉；牵引”；B选项leveled“瞄准；拉平”；C选项erased“抹去；擦掉”；D选项demolished“拆毁；破坏”。

句意：街尾的那座老房子最近被……了。

句中的old house“老房子”最近被拆迁了。

因此D选项符合题意。

3.单选题The sewage system of the city（）the water so that swimming was forbidden.问题1选项A.dilutedB.culminatedC.contaminatedD.diverted【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项diluted“稀释；削弱”；B选项culminated“使结束；达到顶点”；C选项contaminated“污染；弄脏”；D选项diverted“转移；使……转向”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-安徽大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I regret having left the work unfinished; I（）everything ahead carefully.问题1选项A.should planB.plannedC.must planD.should have planned【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。

由前一句I regret having left the work unfinished“我很遗憾没完成工作”可以知道实际上在过去对工作没有提前计划，因此后半句I…everything ahead carefully应该用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反的情况，应该使用现在完成时should have done表示过去本应该做而没有做，故可排除A，B，C选项。

句意：我很遗憾工作没完成，我本应该提前仔细规划好一切。

因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题In my eyes, the old generation is always（）.问题1选项A.economicB.costlyC.expensiveD.thrifty【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项economic“经济的；经济学的”；B选项costly“昂贵的；代价高的”；C选项expensive“昂贵的”；D选项thrifty“节检的；节约的”。

句意：在我眼里，老一辈总是……的。

关键词the old generation老一辈的消费观偏向于节约。

故选D。

3.单选题The boy who is talking with your teacher is（）an athlete.问题1选项A.anything butB.none butC.all butD.something but【答案】A【解析】考查词组搭配。

A选项anything but“根本不；绝不”；B选项none but“只是；仅”；C选项all but“几乎；差不多”；D选项something but没有此类搭配。