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中国大学MOOC英国文学导读期末试卷考试答案1单选(1分)Written in 1837-38, ______ tells the story of an orphan boy who fell into the hands of thieves after getting out of the workhouse, and whose adventures provide material for a description of the lower depths of London. 得分/总分A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Oliver TwistC.David CopperfieldD.Little Dorrit正确答案：B你没选择任何选项2单选(1分)“It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.” This is the beginning of the novel _____________.得分/总分 A. MiddlemarchB.Sense and SensibilityC.Pride and PrejudiceD.Jane Eyre正确答案：C你没选择任何选项3单选(1分)________ is about a young Swiss student who discovers the secret of animating lifeless matter and, by assembling body parts, creates a monster who vows revenge on his creator after being rejected from society.得分/总分A.The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingB.PamelaC.Vanity FairD.Frankenstein正确答案：D你没选择任何选项4单选(1分)In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ________________.得分/总分A.terza rimaB.quatrainC.heroic coupletD.Spenserian stanza正确答案：B你没选择任何选项5单选(1分)Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ___________.得分/总分A.the former is an intellectual movement, the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivationB.the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC.the former celebrates reason, rationality, order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression on an individual’s feeling s and experiencesD.the former advocates the “return to nature” whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its models 正确答案：C你没选择任何选项6单选(1分)Romantic writers employ all the following EXCEPT _________ as their poetic materials.得分/总分A.the commonplaceB.the abstractC.the simpleD.the natural正确答案：B你没选择任何选项7单选(1分)________ believes that man’s fate is predetermined tragic, driven by a combined force of “nature,” both inside and outside.得分/总分A.Charles DickensB.George Bernard ShawC.T. S. EliotD.Thomas Hardy正确答案：D你没选择任何选项8单选(1分)G. B. Shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a realistic exposure of the ___ in the English society.得分/总分A.inequality between men and womenB.economic exploitation of womenC.slum landlordismD.political corruption正确答案：B你没选择任何选项9单选(1分)We can perhaps describe the west wind in Shelley’s poem “Ode to the West Wind” with all the following terms EXCEPT __________.得分/总分A.wildB.tamedC.proudD.swift正确答案：B你没选择任何选项10单选(1分)_________ is the first important governess novel in the English literary history famous for the protagonist’s lines such as “I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh: it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal-as we are!”得分/总分A.Jane EyreB.EmmaC.MiddlemarchD.Wuthering Heights正确答案：A你没选择任何选项11单选(1分)___________ by Wordsworth describe the rare elusive beauty of a young country girl living a simple life in a remote village far from the civilized world.得分/总分A.“Lucy poems”B.“My heart leaps up”C.“I wandered lonely as a cloud”D.“Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey”正确答案：A你没选择任何选项12单选(1分)William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ________.得分/总分A. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterB.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC.the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleD.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech正确答案：D你没选择任何选项13单选(1分)Gothic novels are mostly stories of _________, which take place in some haunted or dilapidated Middle Age castles.得分/总分A.mystery and horrorB.love and marriageC.sea adventuresD.saints and martyrs正确答案：A你没选择任何选项14单选(1分)You may have met the term “Yahoo” on the Internet, but you may also have met it in English literature. It is found in _______. 得分/总分A.Henry Fielding’s Tom JonesB.Samuel Richardson’s PamelaC.John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s ProgressD.Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels正确答案：D你没选择任何选项15单选(1分)_________ is said to be written in a dream after the poet took opium and fell asleep.得分/总分A.“Christabel”B.“Ode to Nightingale”C.“The Rime of Ancient Mariner”D.“Kubla Khan”正确答案：D你没选择任何选项16单选(1分)In Paradise Lost, Raphael warned Adam ______.得分/总分A.not to speak to SerpentB.not to speak to EveC.not to eat the fruit on the tree of knowledgeD.not to follow Satan正确答案：C你没选择任何选项17单选(1分)______ marks the appearance of modern novels.得分/总分A.PamelaB.Gulliver’s TravelsC.Robinson CrusoeD.Tom Jones正确答案：C你没选择任何选项18单选(1分)“Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is the most famous line of the poem ______.得分/总分A.“Ode on a Grecian Urn”B.“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”C.“Ode to the West Wind”D.“Kubla Khan”正确答案：A你没选择任何选项19单选(1分)“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way…” This is the beginning of _______.得分/总分A.David CopperfieldB.Oliver TwistC.Hard TimesD.A Tale of Two Cities正确答案：D你没选择任何选项20单选(1分)Tess of the D’Urbervilles is considered to be a representative work of ______ which accepts the theory of “survival of the fittest” and believes in pessimistic determinism. 得分/总分A. romanticismB.realismC.naturalismD.modernism正确答案：C你没选择任何选项21判断(1分)Friday is a character from The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe.得分/总分A.B.正确答案：B你没选择任何选项22判断(1分)An Essay of Criticism is written by Alexander Pope.得分/总分A.B.正确答案：A你没选择任何选项23判断(1分)Vanity Fair is known as a novel "without heroes" and the heroines are Becky Sharp and Dorothea Brook. 得分/总分A.B.正确答案：B你没选择任何选项24判断(1分)Antonio and Bassanio are characters from Don Juan. 得分/总分A.B.正确答案：A你没选择任何选项25判断(1分)In Pride and Prejudice, Mrs. Bennet is so eager to marry her daughters to single young men with large fortunes because she does not have a male heir and the family property will be inherited byan outsider.得分/总分A.B.正确答案：B你没选择任何选项26判断(1分)Shylock is the merchant of Venice in Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice.得分/总分A.B.正确答案：A你没选择任何选项27判断(1分)Mrs. Dalloway details a day in the life of Clarissa Dalloway in London.得分/总分A.B.正确答案：A你没选择任何选项28判断(1分)Songs of Innocence is a lovely volume of poems which praise the beauty of nature and the innocence of the child. 得分/总分A.B.正确答案：B你没选择任何选项29判断(1分)“A Red, Red Rose” is one of Burns’ most popular songs in Scottish dialect which praises the natural beauty of roses. 得分/总分A.B.正确答案：B你没选择任何选项30判断(1分)Byron makes a great contribution to English literature byintroducing a new style of character, “Byronic Hero”.得分/总分A.B.正确答案：B你没选择任何选项31填空(2分)_______ is considered the first great English dramatist and the most important Elizabethan playwright before Shakespeare.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Christopher Marlowe 或Marlowe32填空(2分)_____ was the last English novelist who embodied many of the dreams of a declining British Empire and the first English writer who was awarded the Noble Prize for Literature.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Rudyard Kipling 或Kipling 或Joseph Rudyard Kipling33填空(2分)In the Victorian period, the ________ (literary genre) became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：novel34填空(2分)Renaissance in British literary history is the age of ________ and the age of drama.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：sonnet 或sonnets35填空(2分)________ has been regarded as the greatest dramatist in the early 20th century in British literary history and his plays are important problem plays.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：G. B. Shaw 或George Bernard Shaw 或Bernard Shaw 或Shaw36填空(2分)__________ is called the Father of the English Novel because he used third-person narration which contributes to the progress of novel writing.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Henry Fielding 或Fielding37填空(2分)R obert Browning’s reputation mainly rests on his development and his masterly creation of the “___________ monologue,” a poetic form used by a lot of poets.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：dramatic38填空(2分)According to the subjects, Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified into two groups: poems about common people and poems about ______.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：nature39填空(2分)__________, which is 433 lines long written by T. S. Eliot, is broadly acknowledged as one of the most recognizable landmarks of the manifesto of modernist poetry in the 20th century.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：The Waste Land 或Waste Land40填空(2分)English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of __________.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Lyrical Ballads 或The Lyrical Ballads41填空(2分)Alexander Pope is called the advocator of ________, a great verse satirist, and the high priest of the Age of Reason.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Neoclassicism 或neoclassicism42填空(2分)________ foot is foot in which an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Iambic 或iambic43填空(2分)The two key figures who made the __________ novel known to the world are Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：stream-of-consciousness 或stream of consciousness44填空(2分)George Eliot’s most famous novels is ______, w hich is about the lives of Dorothea Brooke and Tertius Lydgate in a provincial town in 19th century. 得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Middlemarch45填空(2分)Alfred Tennyson succeeded Wordsworth as the __________ in 1850, appointed by Queen Victoria and served 42 years.得分/总分你没有填写答案正确答案：Poet Laureate 或poet laureate。
简述人名的翻译【摘要】运用考查与引证的手段，分析多种译法对人名的翻译，并分析译法的特点以及译法中的规律。
【关键字】人名；音译；意译；人名双关；音意译翻译是一种语言之间的转换活动，是一种精神产品的再生产过程。
这种活动是翻译者对原文进行再创造的过程，不是机械的对原文照搬、模仿和造假而是采用各自独特的翻译方法，灵活地、有创造性地对原文进行重塑和复归。
然而对于人名常规译法音译，意译，音意译看似简单实则涉及到历史，政治，社会心理，文学，宗教，民族风俗，语言等方方面面的知识。
1.英汉人名的音译1.1照发音直译例1.Peter 译为“皮特”。
例2.Lucy 译为“露西”。
例3（1）Ona 译为“奥娜”音译是按照准确的读音为基础的。
音译是将英文译为汉语，按照该词在原语中的读音译出。
人名属于专有名词，按照读音直译是只是个笼统的原则。
例4．（2）Edward不宜译为“爱德瓦”应译为“爱德华“。
例5. （1）Holmes不宜译为“霍姆斯”应译为“福尔摩斯”。
例6. （1）W. Blake不宜译为“W. 布雷克”应译为“W.布莱克”。
例7. （1）Ireland 不宜译为“爱尔兰德”应译为“爱尔兰”。
例子中不宜译为的人名，其实更为接近原英语的读音。
但是英文的发音与汉语完全不同，找发音近似的汉字来表达，并非易事。
但是后者译名朗朗上口，使读者更能接受。
因此在英译汉时应查阅《英语姓名译名手册》、,《世界人名翻译大词典》、《近代来华外国人名词典》等资料。
避免在文章或作品中人名翻译的硬译。
例8．（3）Smith应译成“史密斯”，不译成“铁匠”。
例9. Hunter应译成“亨特”, 不译成“猎人”。
例10．Mr. Green应译成“格林先生”，而不译成“绿先生”。
例11，Hamlet 应译为“哈姆雷特”，而不译成“小村庄”。
按照音译直译的特点有时候会使人物的形象在作品中显的有血有肉，丰满，和具真实性。
更能突出人物的身份，地位以及受教育的程度。
乔治伯纳德肖名言中英文乔治伯纳德·肖（George Bernard Shaw）是一位著名的爱尔兰剧作家、评论家和演说家，以下是他的一些名言：1. "Life isn't about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself."（生活不是找到自己，而是创造自己。
）2. "The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place."（沟通中最大的问题是幻觉已经进行了。
）3. "Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything."（进步离不开改变，而那些不愿改变想法的人无法改变任何事情。
）4. "A life spent making mistakes is not only more honorable but more useful than a life spent doing nothing."（一生犯错，不仅更值得尊敬，而且比无所事事的一生更有价值。
）5. "The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man."（明智的人适应世界，不合理的人坚持试图让世界适应自己。
因此，所有的进步都取决于不合理的人。
