北京市大兴区2016高考英语阅读理解专题训练(3)

市大兴区2016高考英语阅读理解专题训练〔9〕阅读如下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最优选项。

Parents used to rely on physical punishments to control their children's bad behavior, whichhas been proven to be very harmful．Therefore, most parents now choose to simply yell, thinkingthat languageprobably won't hurt as much．But is that really so?Using harsh words such as "lazy" or "stupid" is just as harmful as hitting, according to anew study carried out at the University of Pittsburgh, US．"It cannot reduce or correct their problem behavior," saidProfessor Ming - Te Wang, leader of the study, in an interview with TheWall Street Journal．"On the contrary, it makes it worse．"In the study, which involved 976 two - parent families, researchers asked the kids abouttheir behavior problems, while asking their parents how often they had yelled at them． Nearly halfof the parents admitted that they'd shouted at their children in the past year．Researchers notedthat the kids whose parents used more harsh words experienced more behavior problems after-wards, including fighting, stealing, lying as well as symptoms of depression．"Adolescence is a very sensitive period when kids arc trying Lo develop their self -identities〔个性〕．When you yell, it makes them feel they are not capable, and that they are worthless anduseless," Wang said．"This may explain why so many parents say that no matter how loud theyshout, their teenagers don' t listen．While harsh yelling can stop bad behavior in the moment, it doesn' t teach children to be-have how parents want them to, according to Professor Alan Kazdin of Yale University, US．Whatparents need is to praise their children for good behavior．If parents really need to punish theirkids, they should try things like taking away smartphones and reminding them that good behaviorwill get them back． After all, "wewant to teach kids, not hurt them," said Kazdin．1．How do most parents react to their children's misbehaving now?A．Letting them alone．B．Beating them．C．Shouting at them．D．Praising them．2．The study finds that using harsh words．A．can make things even worse B．inspires children to do better C．corrects children's bad behavior D．has a better effect than hitting 3．According to Professor Ming - Te Wang,．A．physical punishments are sometimes necessaryB．children are more self - centered in adolescenceC．parents should never punish kids for misbehavingD．harsh yelling damages children's self - confidence4．In Professor Alan Kazdin's opinion, parents shouldA．set good examples for their childrenB．take away their children' s smartphonesC．praise their children for good behaviorD．always think in their children's shoes5．What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to?A．children B．bad behaviors C．parents D．smartphones【参考答案】1—5、CADCD阅读如下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最优选项。

绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时间为120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A.A newspaper.B.A magazine.C.A book.答案是A。

1.What does the man want to borrow?A.A pencil.B.An eraser.C.A pen.2.What is the woman doing now?A.Eating.B.Going home.C.Having group study.3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation?A.A candle.B.A radio.C.A flashlight.4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a bank.B. In a hotel.C.In a store.5.Where will the man go for his holiday?A.Brazil.B.Denmark.C.Greece.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

高中英语真题:2016高考英语阅读理解选练（3）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. F ood poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are dead ly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most commo n symptoms.Certain microorganisms(微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other mi croorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things rel ease(释放) poisons that make people sick.Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are oft en added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepar ed. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to k ill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction t o those chemicals when they eat the crops.Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are har mful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning i s very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places a nd in warm temperatures. This means that people should nev er touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfac es. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganis ms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash foo d covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people sho uld not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wil d. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of r esting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.B. Food pois oning means death.C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.D. Food poisoning canbe serious.2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food pois oning .A. are always accompanied by a feverB. are too common to be notedC. can be noticed within hoursD. can be ignored3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT .A. some chemicalsB. low temperaturesC. some tiny living thingsD. certain natural materials4. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that .A. mushrooms should not be eatenB. vegetables are safer than meat and seafoodC. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicalsD. different types of food should be handled differently5. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. natural materials are safe in food processingB. chemicals are needed in food processingC. food poisoning can be kept under controlD. food poisoning is out of control【参考答案】1--5 、BCBDC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Students and T echnology in the ClassroomI love my blackberry—it‘s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me . I also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts .Despite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices（设备）and truly communicate with others.On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule —no laptop ,iPods ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There‘s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There‘s no truth in tha t at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the courses the material and the class discussion.I‘ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge , they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom .I‘m not saying that I won‘t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,I‘m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.63.Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____A. the course materialB. others‘ misuse of technologyC. discussion top icsD. the author‘s class regulat ions64.T he underlined word ―engage ‖in para.4 probably means ____A. exploreB. acceptC. changeD. reject65. According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ____A. keep students from doing independent thinkingB. encourage students to have in-depth conversationsC. help students to better understand complex themesD. affect students‘ concentration on course evaluation66.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____A. is quite stubbornB. will give up teaching historyC. will change his teaching plan soonD. values technology-free dialogues in his classAs the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar pants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . In much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management ,with the completion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an argument against building then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .So trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物种)will be forced to move ,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the American west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good .but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind,just like the railroad and the highway .The money set aside in negotiated trade –offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of p ower plants and transmission lines .so let‘s remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .67.What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways ?A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. Some railroad stops remained underused.C. Land in the West was hard to manage.D. Land grants went into private hands.68.What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs ?A. The transmission of power.B. The use of money and power.C. The conservation of solar energy.D. The selection of an ideal place.69.W hat is the author ‗s attitude towards building solar plants ?A. CautiousB. ApprovingC. DoubtfulD. Disapproving70.Which is the best title for the passage ?A. How the Railways Have Affected the WestB. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be ReducedD. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been SettledPacing and PausingSara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.That's why slight differences in conversational style--tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?A. Betty was talkative.B. Betty was an interrupter.C. Betty did not take her turn.D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?A. Americans.B. Israelis.C. The British.D. The Finns.66. We can learn from the passage that __A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the USC. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up one's confidence67. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __A. being willing to speak one's mindB. being able to increase one's powerC. being ready to make one's own judgmentD. being quick to express one's ideas confidentlyThe Cost of Higher EducationIndividuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers toA. taxpayersB. pressing callsC. college graduatesD. government resources69. The author thinks that with full government fundingA. teachers are less satisfiedB. students are more demandingC. students will become more competentD. teachers will spend less time on teaching70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order toA. argue against free university educationB. call on them to finance students' studiesC. encourage graduates to go into businessD. show their contribution to higher educationWhen students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority（优先）. This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students. ks5u Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well ad the social environment it came influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.Music provides a kind of perception（感知）that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive（情感的）meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings ―talk‖ to each other. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love. So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.68. According to Paragraph 1, studentsA. regard music as a way of entertainmentB. disagree with their parents on educationC. view music as an overlooked subjectD. prefer the arts to science69. In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz an example toA. compare it with rock musicB. show music identifies a societyC. introduce American musical traditionsD. prove music influences people‘s lifestyles70. According to the passage, the arts and science .A. approach the world from different anglesB. explore different phenomena of the worldC express people‘s feelings in different waysD. explain what it means to be human differently71. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Music education deserves more attention.B. Music should be of top education priority.C. Music is an effective communication tool.D. Music education makes students more imaginative.Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and ,at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively（不引人注目地）and leave no mark. ks5uWild camping is not permitted in many places, particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces, and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner‘s permission, except in national parks. ks5uCamping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, experiencing bad weather, and making do without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite（野营地）seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure. ks5u Finding the right spot to camp is th e first step to guaranteeing a good night‘s sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland, avoid standing dead trees, which may fall on a windy night. A void animal runs and caves, and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire, do so downwind of your shelter. Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. A void damaging plants. A good campsite is found, not made—changing it should be unnecessary.72. Y ou needn‘t ask for permi ssion when camping in .A. national parks in EnglandB. most parts of ScotlandC. crowded lowland BritainD. most parts of England73. The author thinks that a good campsite is one .A. with easy accessB. used previouslyC with modern conveniencesD far away from beaches74. The last paragraph mainly deals withA. protecting animals B building a campfireC camping in woodlandD finding a campsite with privacy75 The passage is mainly aboutA the protection of campsitesB the importance of wild campingC the human influence on campsitesD the dos and don‘ts of wild camping。

高中英语真题:2016高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（3）【2015高考复习】阅读理解Nowadays women appear to have a positive image of themse lves as safer drivers than men.In a survey done for insurer MetLife,51% of women said they drive more safely.The evidence is on their side：Men are 3.4 times more likely than women to get a ticket for c areless driving and 3.1 times as likely to be punished for drun k driving.“Women are on average less aggressive and more l aw abiding (守法的) drivers，which leads to fewer accidents，” the report says.However，not all male drivers share the same opinion.Of the men surve yed by MetLife,39% claimed male drivers were safer.The findi ngs did back them up on one point：automotive knowledge.The report showed that more men are familiar with current safety equipment such as electronic stabil ity control，which helps prevent rollover accidents.Auto safety unavoidably matters to Money.Insurance compani es focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar am ounts of claims，and for now，that mainly includes women.In general，women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men.A stu dy by the website Insweb also showed that auto insurance rat es are lower for women in most states.Among individual state s，women get the greatest，advantage in Wyoming (where they pay 20% less)，South Dakota and Washington，D.C.，where their insurance costs are 16% lower.“More than 11,900 male drivers died in US traffic accidents in 2009，compared with just under 4,900 women drivers” according to t he study.“Based on miles traveled，men died at a rate of 2.5 deaths per 100 million miles traveled ，vs.1.7 deaths for women.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

绝密★启用前普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16 页，共150 分。

考试时间为120 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。

1.What does the man want to borrow?A.A pencil.B.An eraser.C.A pen.2.What is the woman doing now?A.Eating.B.Going home.C.Having group study.3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation?A.A candle.B.A radio.C.A flashlight.4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a bank.B. In a hotel.C.In a store.5.Where will the man go for his holiday?A.Brazil.B.Denmark.C.Greece.第二节（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）听下面 4 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至7 题。

6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays?A.At 5:00 pm.B.At 7:00 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.7.What have the two speakers decided to do now?A.Go shopping.B.Take a walk.C.Have dinner听第7 段材料，回答第8 至9 题。

2016年北京市高考真题（前四篇阅读）56．（6分）Dear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life．Growing up，I had people telling me I was too slow，though，with an IQ of 150 at 17，I'm anything but stupid．The fact was that I was found to have ADIID（注意力缺陷多动障碍）．Anxious all the time，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time．However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed．In high school，I became curious about the computer，and built my first website．Moreover，I completed the senior course of Computer Basics，plus five relevant pre﹣college courses．While I was exploring my curiosity，my disease got worse．I wanted to go to college after high school，but couldn't．So，I was killing my time at home until June 2012when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center．Since then，I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics．Currently，I'm learning your Probability course．I have hundreds of printer paper，covered in self﹣written notes from your video．This has given me a purpose．Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job where，without dealing with the public，I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to．Luckily，I discovered the job﹣Data Analyst﹣this month and have been going full steam ahead．I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession，without going to college，and be just as good as，if not better than，my competitors．Thank you．You've given me hope that I can follow my heart．For the first time，I feel good about myself because I'm doing something，not because someone told me I was doing good．I feel whole．This is why you're saving my life．Yours，Tanis56．why did't Tanis go to college after high school？A．She had learned enough about computer science B．She had more difficulty keeping foucesedC．She preferred taking online courses D．She was too slow to learn57．AS for the working environment，Tains prefers．A．working by herself B．dealing with the public C．competing against others D．staying with ADHD students 58．Tanis wrote this letter in order to．A．explain why she was interested in the computer B．share the ideas she had for her professionC．show how grateful she was to the center D．describe the courses she had taken so far．59．（8分）Surviving Hurricane Sandy（飓风桑迪）Natalie Doan，14，has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway，New York．Living just a few blocks from the beach，Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house．"It's the ocean that makes Rockaway so special，"she says．On October 29，2012，that ocean turned fierce．That night，Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast，and Rockaway was hit especially hard．Fortunately，Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridge closed．When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins．Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away．All around her，people were suffering，especially the elderly．Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn．In the following few days，the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie．Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys．Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild．Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high﹣rise buildings．"My mom tells me that I can't control what happens to me，"Natalie says．"but I can always choose how I deal with it．"Natalie's choice was to help．She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to halp．Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick，who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down．Within days，Patrick's collection was replaced．In the coming months，her website page helped lots of kids：Christopher，who received a new basketball；Charlie，who got a new keyboard．Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much﹣need supplies toRockaway．Her efforts made her a famous person．Last April，she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change．Today，the scars（创痕）of destruction are still seen in Rockaway，but hope is in the air．The streets are clear，and many homes have been rebuilt．"I can't imagine living anywhere but Rockaway，"Natalie declares．"My neighborhood will be back，even stronger than before．"59．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，she found．A．some friends had lost their lives B．her neighborhood was destroyedC．her school had moved to Brooklyn D．the elderly were free from suffering60．According to paragraph4，who inspired Natalie most？A．The people helping Rockaway rebuild B．The people trapped in high_rise buildingC．The volunteers donating money to suevivors D．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people 61．How did Natalie help the survivors？A．She gave her toys to the kids B．She took care of younger childrenC．She called on the White House to help D．She built an information sharing platform62．What does the story intend to tell us？A．Little people can make a big difference B．A friend in need is a friend indeedC．East or West，home is best D．Technology is power．63．（8分）California Condor's Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North America's largest birds，with wind﹣length of up to 3 meters．In the 1980s，electrical lines and lead poisoning（铅中毒）nearly drove them to dying out．Now，electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds．In the late 1980s，the last few condors were taken from the wild，and there are now more than 150flying over California and nearby Arizona，Utah and Baja in Mexico．Electrical lines have been killing them off．"As they go in to rest for the night，they just don't see the power lines，"says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo．Their wings can bridge the gap between lines，resulting in electrocution（电死）if they touch two lines at once．So scientists have come up with a shocking idea．Tall poles，placed in large training areas，teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock．Before the training was introduced，66% of set﹣freed condors died of electrocution．This has now dropped to 18%．Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with．When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead，they absorb large quantities of lead．This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds，and can lead to kidney（肾）failures and death．So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo，where they are treated with calcium EDTA，a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days．This work is starting to pay off．The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011．Rideout's team thinks that the California condors'average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years．"Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now，"he says．"They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put intorecovering them．"63．California condors attract researchers'interest because they．A．are active at night B．had to be bred in the wild C．are found on inCalifornia D．almost died out in the 1980s64．Researchers have found electrical lines are．A．blocking condors'journey home B．big killers of Califorbnia condorsC．rest places for condors at night D．used to keep condors away65．According to Paraghaph 5，lead poisoning．A．makes condors too nervous to fly B．has little effect on condors'kidneysC．can hardly be gotten rid of form condors'blood D．makes it different for condors to produce baby birds 66．The passage shows that．A．the average survival time of condors is satisfactoryB．Rideout's research interest lies in electric engineeringC．the efforts to protect condors bave brought good resultsD．researchers have found the final answers to the problem．67．（8分）Why College Is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy（自主性）and the development of adult identity．However，now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence，during which many of today's students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities．For previous generations，college was decisive break from parental control；guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within．In the past two decades，however，continued connection with and dependence on family，thanks to cellphones，email and social media，have increased significantly．Some parents go so far as to help with coursework．Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility，universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home．To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility，college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation．This process involves"trying on"new ways of thinking about oneself bothe intellectually（在思维方面）and personally．While we should provide"safe spaces"within colleges，we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views．Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning．Learning to deal with the social world is equally important．Because a college community（群体）differs from the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging．If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern，they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community．Moreover，the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults：the response to being controlled by their elders．If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined（规定）and controlled，the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged．It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out，particularly when there are reasons to do so．Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency．What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent's desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world．Therefore，there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth．Every college discussion about community values，social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self﹣regulation，of the necessary tension between safety and self﹣discovery．67．What's the author's attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students？A．Sympathetic B．Disapproving C．Supportive D．Neutral68．The underlined word"passage"in Paraghaph 2means．A．change B．choice C．text D．extension69．According to the anthor，what role should college play？A．to develop a shared identity among studentsB．to define and regulate students'social behaviorC．To provide a safe world without tension for studentsD．To foster students'intellectual and personal development70．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage？。

北京高考英语阅读理解真题（2）2016年北京高考英语阅读理解真题62.What does the story intend to tell us?A.Little people can make a big differenceB.A friend in need is a friend indeedC.East or West,home is bestD.Technology is powerCalifornia Condor’s Shocking RecoveryCalifornia condors are North America’s largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines an d lead poisoning(铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.Electrical lines h ave been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once.So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systemsand ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney(肾) failures and death. So condor with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. ”63.California condors attract researchers’ interest because they .A.are active at nightB.had to be bred in the wildC.are found on in CaliforniaD.almost died out in the 1980s64. Researchers have found electrical lines are .A.blocking condors’ journey homeB. big killers of Califorbnia condorasC. rest places for condors at nightD. used to keep condors away65.According to Paraghaph 5 ,lead poisoning .A.makes condors too nervous to flyB. has little effect on condors’ kidneysC. can hardly be gotten rid of form condors’ bloodD. makes it different for condors to produce baby birds66.The passage shows that .A.the average survival time of condors is satisfactoryB.Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineeringC.the efforts to protect condors bave brought good resultsD.researchers have found the final answers to the problem Why College Is Not HomeThe college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.For previous generations, college was decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed help from people of the same age and from within. In the past two decades, however, continued connection with and dependence on family, thanks to cellphones, email and social media, have increased significantly. Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility, universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility, college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation. This process involves “trying on ” new ways of th inking about oneself bothe intellectually(在思维方面) and personally. While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views. Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered on debate and questioning.Learning to deal with the social world is equally important. Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior andthinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.Moreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders. If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged.It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency. What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. Therefore, there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth.Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.67.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?A.SympatheticB.DisapprovingC.SupportiveD.Neutral68.The underlined word “passage” in Paraghaph 2 means .A.changeB.choiceC.textD.extension69.According to the anthor ,what role should college play?A.to develop a shared identity among studentsB.to define and regulate students’ social behaviorC.To provide a safe world without tension for studentsD.To foster students’ intellectual and personal development70.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?参考答案：56. B 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. A61. D 62. A 63. D 64. B 65. D66. C 67. B 68. A 69. D 70. C。

绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

试题总评：从整体上看难度略有提升，过渡较平稳。

试题重点突出，命题思路清晰，重视对思维能力和全面文化素质的考查，强调交际运用。

整套试卷很好地体现了语言教学的特色：既融合语言及情感、又兼顾知识与能力。

一、语法部分难度适中，注重基础知识的考查。

考点分布：时态与语态（4道），非谓语动词（3道），从句（5道），虚拟语气、情态动词、并列连词（各1道）。

二、阅读部分题材丰富，话题较贴近生活。

从完形、阅读到七选五，关注社会、自然以及自我价值的实现。

篇幅难度与2015年北京高考基本持平，阅读题目重视细节题目的考查。

阅读D篇是一篇议论文，篇幅较长。

文章论述了大学在培养学生自主性和认同感方面的重要性，文章有一定的难度，尤其是第70题文章结构题。

通过第四段的＂equally important＂及第五段段首的＂Moreover＂等逻辑词可推知文章结构。

三、应用文题材新颖，综合考查了考生的日常积累能力。

谈及人物的贡献和对自己的影响时，考生有可能会遇到大量的词汇障碍，故难度较去年明显提升。

四、情景作文话题较为常规，整体难度适中。

＂地球日＂系列活动属于保护环境的题裁内容，对此考生并不陌生。

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，共15 分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

北京市大兴区2016高考英语阅读理解专题训练（2）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

“Long time no see” is a very interesting sentence．When I first read this sentence from an American friend’s email，I laughed．I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish．Obviously，it is a word-by-word literal translation of the Chinese greetings with a ruled English grammar and structure! Later on，my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting．I was too thrilled to believe her．Her words could not convince me at all．So I did a research on google．com．To my surprise，there are over 60 thousand web pages containing “Long time no see．” This sentence has been widely used in emails，letters，newspapers，movies，books，or any other possible places．Though it is sort of informal，it is part of the language that Americans use daily．Ironically，if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word，the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected．Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence．Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan’s movies．In the 1930s，Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a world wide famous Chinese detective named “Charlie Chan” on wide screens．Detective Chan likes to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom by quoting Confucius．“Long time no see” was his trademar k．Soon after Charlie Chan，“Long time no see” became a popular phrase in the real world with thanks to the popularity of these movies．Some scholars refer to America as a huge pot of stew．All kinds of culture are mixed in the stew together，and they change the color and taste of each other．American Chinese，though a minority ethnic（少数民族的成员） group in the United States，is also contributing some changes to the stew! Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed stew．You can have some other examples than adoptions from Chinese，such as pizza from Italian，susi from Japanese，and déjà vu from French etc．There is a long list! Americans do not just simply borrow something from others．They will modify it and make it their own，so you would not be surprised to find a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant，or to buy a bottle of iced Chinese green tea with honey in a grocery store．Since Americans appreciate Chinese culture more and more nowadays，I believe more Chinese words will become American English in the future．In this way the American stew keeps adding richness and flavor．1．The writer himself felt surprised at ______．A．the Chinglish expression “Long time no see”B．“Long time no see” used as standard American EnglishC．so many literal translation of the expressions used in AmericaD．finding out Americans use the expression every day2．The word “stew” in the 4th paragraph probably means ______．A．mixture literature B．Confucius’ wordsC．a kind of cooked dish D．American changing cultures 3．According to the passage，it can be inferred that ______．A．detectives translate the phrase “Long time no see”B．Hollywood made “Long time no see” popularC．the huge pot of stew greatly affects all kinds of languagesD．cultures can be changed in the huge pot of stew4．The main idea of the passage is that ______．A．some Chinese expressions are introduced into EnglishB．you’ll not be surprised at a tofu in a restaurant in AmericaC．some American expressions can be used in ChinaD．American English keep being enriched from different cultures5．According to the passage，which of the following statements is not true? A．Informal language sometimes doesn’t go with grammar and structure．B．Languages are always ruled by grammar and structure．C．“Long time no see” has been used in at least four media mentioned in the passage．D．There are four languages mentioned to be adopted in the American stew．【参考答案】1---5、B A B D B【黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学四模】阅读理解Most parents possess consciousness of security(安全意识) but Australian wrens(鹪鹩) take it to another level. They have no choice: mother wrens often have their nests hijacked by cuckoos(布谷鸟).Cuckoo eggs look like wren eggs but hatch(孵化) earlier, at which point cuckoo chicks eject (驱逐)wren eggs. Unless the mother wren realizes an intruder(侵入者) is in the nest, she raises the cuckoo chick as her own, wasting time and food. But the cuckoo only gets away with it in 60% of the cases. In the other 40% of the cases, the mother wren detects the cuckoo within days, abandons it, and starts another nest. That’sbecause the mother wren teaches her chicks a password while they are still inside their eggs. Once they are hatched, the mother wren abandons the nest if they can’t give the password.Sonia Kleindorfer of Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia and his colleagues recorded the sounds made by birds near the wren’s nests. Mother wrens made a particular call made up of 11 elements while incubating(孵化)the eggs, and then stopped when they hatched. One of the 11 elements was a note of a particular length and tone that was unique to wrens.【参考答案】67、CBDA阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。