易语言-XML教学演示
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易语言教程-从入门到精通(总87页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--易语言教程-从入门到精通第一课.计算机的一般知识电子计算机的发展及其基本结构电子计算机的发展史1945年底,在美国首次研制成功人类第一台计算机,这台机器重30吨,占地面积达167平方米,加之它的工作原理,因此,人类后来的计算机并不是在这台机器的基础上发展起来的。
现代计算机理论的奠基人是图灵。
在美国数学家冯.诺伊曼的主持下,1949年诞生了第一台存储程序的计算机,又称第一代机,这台计算机为后来的计算机发展奠定了基础。
1959年,第一台晶体管计算机问世,由此,计算机进入了第二代。
1964年,IBM第一代360系列计算机问世,这是第一代通用计算机,为研制这种计算机,IBM投资50亿美元,比二战期间美国政府投入到原子弹研究的钱(20亿美元)还要多;由此,计算机进入了第三代。
进入到80年代以后,中大型计算机问世,于是开始了第四代计算机的时代。
70年代以后,出现了计算速度更快、存储量更大的巨型机。
70年代微处理器的问世,标志着计算机的发展开始了又一场革命。
1977年3月苹果公司的个人用计算机问世,自此,计算机开始进入千家万户。
电子计算机的基本结构计算机由硬件和软件组成。
而硬件是由主机和外部设备组成;软件由系统软件和应用软件组成。
计算机硬件是软件的基础,是软件发挥功能的工作环境,而软件则是管理和利用硬件资源来实现计算机的功能,软件和硬件是相互促进和发展的。
硬件大体上有以下几个部分:控制器,运算器,内存储器(RAM、ROM),输入设备和输出设备。
前三者又合称主机,后两者又称作外部设备。
现在就这五个部分的功能,作一些简要说明。
1.输入设备。
输入设备是用来向主机输入原始数据和处理这些数据所使用的计算程序列的设备。
输入设备的种类很多,但在微型机上不外乎下列几种:(1)终端键盘。
利用手指击键方法向计算机输入信息。
一步一步教你解读主题XML代码作者:冬天减肥来源:制作:小船可心@3g365用做主题软件做出来的主题一般都是些简单主题,碰到要加第三方插件时,不支持或支持不好,这时大家不妨试试手工编写主题文件。
一、了解主题XML文件XML文件一般由默认代码区、配色代码区、插件代码区三部分组成。
存放在手机的\Storage\Application Data\Home\目录下。
编辑XML文件不需要很强的工具,有个记事本就可以打开进行修改。
注意的是保存时需要采用另存为并选择UTF-8编码保存。
1.表示这是一个 XML 文件2.主题都是以 home 标签开始的,在主题文件的最后可以看到他的结尾标签 </< HOME>home>3.主题的作者。
4.联系地址。
5.主题名称,这就是你在 设置-主屏幕 中看到的名称。
下面是 lang 语言文件属性,这个属性表示主题在各种语言系统环境下显示的名称。
lang="0x0409" - 英文lang="0x0412" - 韩文lang="0x0411" - 日文lang="0x0404" - 繁体中文lang="0x0804" - 简体中文一般自己做的主题可以直接简化为:这样不管是在什么语言系统下都只显示 "Windows 预设配置"6. 主题的版本- 设置属性, 中有需要指定但没指定的属性时,就会到这边找。
target-width 主画面宽target-height主画面高普通屏幕的不用设置,如果是设计QVGA的主题,这就需要写上target-width="240" target-height="320"font-face == 字体名称font-size == 字体大小font-weight="normal" == 字型样式-正常padding-left == 套件的内容和左边界的距离padding-right == 套件的内容和右边界的距离padding-top == 套件的内容和上边界的距离bgcolor="transparent" == 背景颜色=透明这样才能看得到背景图片fgcolor="COLOR_HOMETEXT" == 文字颜色COLOR_HOMETEXT 表示使用色彩配置中的 COLOR_HOMETEXT,色彩配置后面会提到。
About the T utorialXML stands for Ex tensible M arkup L anguage and is a text-based markup language derived from Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).This tutorial will teach you the basics of XML. The tutorial is divided into sections such as XML Basics, Advanced XML, and XML tools. Each of these sections contain related topics with simple and useful examples.AudienceThis reference has been prepared for beginners to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts related to XML. This tutorial will give you enough understanding on XML from where you can take yourself to a higher level of expertise. PrerequisitesBefore proceeding with this tutorial, you should have basic knowledge of HTML and JavaScript.Copyright & DisclaimerCopyright 2018 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher.We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or inthistutorial,******************************************T able of ContentsAbout the Tutorial (i)Audience (i)Prerequisites (i)Copyright & Disclaimer (i)Table of Contents (ii)XML BASICS (1)1.XML – Overview (2)XML Usage (2)What is Markup? (3)Is XML a Programming Language? (3)2.XML – Syntax (4)3.XML – Documents (9)Document Prolog Section (9)Document Elements Section (10)4.XML – Declaration (11)5.XML – Tags (14)Start Tag (14)End Tag (14)Empty Tag (14)XML Tags Rules (15)6.XML – Elements (16)Empty Element (16)XML Elements Rules (17)7.XML – Attributes (18)Attribute Types (19)Element Attribute Rules (20)8.XML – Comments (21)XML Comments Rules (21)9.XML – Character Entities (22)Types of Character Entities (22)10.XML – CDATA Sections (24)CDATA Rules (25)11.XML – Whitespaces (26)Significant Whitespace (26)Insignificant Whitespace (26)12.XML – Processing (27)Processing Instructions Rules (28)13.XML – Encoding (29)Encoding Types (29)14.XML – Validation (31)Well-formed XML Document (31)Valid XML Document (32)ADVANCE XML (33)15.XML – DTDs (34)Internal DTD (34)External DTD (36)Types (37)16.XML – Schemas (39)Definition Types (40)17.XML – Tree Structure (42)18.XML – DOM (45)19.XML – Namespaces (47)Namespace Declaration (47)20.XML – Databases (48)XML Database Types (48)XML- Enabled Database (48)XML TOOLS (50)21.XML – Viewers (51)Text Editors (51)Firefox Browser (52)Chrome Browser (52)Errors in XML Document (52)22.XML – Editors (54)Open Source XML Editors (54)23.XML – Parsers (55)24.XML – Processors (56)Types (56)XML Basics11.XML stands for E xtensible M arkup L anguage. It is a text-based markup language derived from Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).XML tags identify the data and are used to store and organize the data, rather than specifying how to display it like HTML tags, which are used to display the data. XML is not going to replace HTML in the near future, but it introduces new possibilities by adopting many successful features of HTML.There are three important characteristics of XML that make it useful in a variety of systems and solutions:∙XML is extensible: XML allows you to create your own self-descriptive tags or language, that suits your application.∙XML carries the data, does not present it: XML allows you to store the data irrespective of how it will be presented.∙XML is a public standard: XML was developed by an organization called the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and is available as an open standard.XML UsageA short list of XML usage says it all:∙XML can work behind the scene to simplify the creation of HTML documents for large web sites.∙XML can be used to exchange the information between organizations and systems.∙XML can be used for offloading and reloading of databases.∙XML can be used to store and arrange the data, which can customize your data handling needs.∙XML can easily be merged with style sheets to create almost any desired output.∙Virtually, any type of data can be expressed as an XML document.2What is Markup?XML is a markup language that defines set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. So, what exactly is a markup language? Markup is information added to a document that enhances its meaning in certain ways, in that it identifies the parts and how they relate to each other. More specifically, a markup language is a set of symbols that can be placed in the text of a document to demarcate and label the parts of that document.Following example shows how XML markup looks, when embedded in a piece of text:This snippet includes the markup symbols, or the tags such as <message>...</message> and <text>... </text>. The tags <message> and </message> mark the start and the end of the XML code fragment. The tags <text> and </text> surround the text Hello, world!. Is XML a Programming Language?A programming language consists of grammar rules and its own vocabulary which is used to create computer programs. These programs instruct the computer to perform specific tasks. XML does not qualify to be a programming language as it does not perform any computation or algorithms. It is usually stored in a simple text file and is processed by special software that is capable of interpreting XML.32.In this chapter, we will discuss the simple syntax rules to write an XML document. Following is a complete XML document:You can notice, there are two kinds of information in the above example: ∙Markup, like <contact-info>∙The text, or the character data, Tutorials Point and (040) 123-4567The following diagram depicts the syntax rules to write different types of markup and text in an XML document.Let us see each component of the above diagram in detail.4XML DeclarationThe XML document can optionally have an XML declaration. It is written as follows:Where version is the XML version and encoding specifies the character encoding used in the document.Syntax Rules for XML Declaration∙The XML declaration is case sensitive and must begin with "<?xml>" where "xml"is written in lower-case.∙If the document contains XML declaration, then it strictly needs to be the first statement of the XML document.∙The XML declaration strictly needs be the first statement in the XML document.∙An HTTP protocol can override the value of encoding that you put in the XML declaration.T ags and ElementsAn XML file is structured by several XML-elements, also called XML-nodes or XML-tags. The names of XML-elements are enclosed in triangular brackets < > as shown below:Syntax Rules for Tags and ElementsElement Syntax: Each XML-element needs to be closed either with start or with end elements as shown below:or in simple-cases, just this way:Nesting of Elements: An XML-element can contain multiple XML-elements as its children, but the children elements must not overlap. i.e., an end tag of an element must have the same name as that of the most recent unmatched start tag.56The following example shows incorrect nested tags:The following example shows correct nested tags:Root Element: An XML document can have only one root element. For example, following is not a correct XML document, because both the x andy elements occur at the top level without a root element:The following example shows a correctly formed XML document:Case Sensitivity: The names of XML-elements are case-sensitive. That means the name of the start and the end elements need to be exactly in the same case.For example, <contact-info> is different from <Contact-Info>.XML AttributesAn attribute specifies a single property for the element, using a name/value pair. An XML-element can have one or more attributes. For example:Here href is the attribute name and / is attribute value.Syntax Rules for XML Attributes∙Attribute names in XML (unlike HTML) are case sensitive. That is,HREF and href are considered two different XML attributes.∙Same attribute cannot have two values in a syntax. The following example shows incorrect syntax because the attribute b is specified twice:∙Attribute names are defined without quotation marks, whereas attribute values must always appear in quotation marks. Following example demonstrates incorrect xml syntax:In the above syntax, the attribute value is not defined in quotation marks.XML ReferencesReferences usually allow you to add or include additional text or markup in an XML document. References always begin with the symbol "&" which is a reserved character and end with the symbol ";". XML has two types of references:∙Entity References: An entity reference contains a name between the start and the end delimiters. For example, & where amp is name. The name refers toa predefined string of text and/or markup.∙Character References: These contain references, such as A, contains a hash mark (“#”) followed by a number. The number always refers to the Unicode code of a character. In this case, 65 refers to alphabet "A".XML T extThe names of XML-elements and XML-attributes are case-sensitive, which means the name of start and end elements need to be written in the same case. To avoid character encoding problems, all XML files should be saved as Unicode UTF-8 or UTF-16 files.Whitespace characters like blanks, tabs and line-breaks between XML-elements and between the XML-attributes will be ignored.Some characters are reserved by the XML syntax itself. Hence, they cannot be used directly. To use them, some replacement-entities are used, which are listed below:783.An XML document is a basic unit of XML information composed of elements and other markup in an orderly package. An XML document can contain a wide variety of data. For example, database of numbers, numbers representing molecular structure or a mathematical equation.XML Document ExampleA simple document is shown in the following example:The following image depicts the parts of XML document.Document Prolog SectionDocument Prolog comes at the top of the document, before the root element. This section contains:∙XML declaration∙Document type declarationYou can learn more about XML declaration in this chapter : XML Declaration.Document Elements SectionDocument Elements are the building blocks of XML. These divide the document into a hierarchy of sections, each serving a specific purpose. You can separate a document into multiple sections so that they can be rendered differently, or used by a search engine. The elements can be containers, with a combination of text and other elements.9You can learn more about XML elements in this chapter : XML Elements104.This chapter covers XML declaration in detail. XML declaration contains details that prepare an XML processor to parse the XML document. It is optional, but when used, it must appear in the first line of the XML document.SyntaxFollowing syntax shows XML declaration:Each parameter consists of a parameter name, an equals sign (=), and parameter value inside a quote. Following table shows the above syntax in detail:11RulesAn XML declaration should abide with the following rules:∙If the XML declaration is present in the XML, it must be placed as the first line in the XML document.∙If the XML declaration is included, it must contain version number attribute.∙The parameter names and values are case-sensitive.∙The names are always in lower case.∙The order of placing the parameters is important. The correct order is:version, encoding and standalone.∙Either single or double quotes may be used.∙The XML declaration has no closing tag, i.e. </?xml>XML Declaration ExamplesFollowing are few examples of XML declarations:XML declaration with no parameters:XML declaration with version definition:XML declaration with all parameters defined:XML declaration with all parameters defined in single quotes:125.Let us learn about one of the most important part of XML, the XML tags. XML tags form the foundation of XML. They define the scope of an element in XML. They can also be used to insert comments, declare settings required for parsing the environment, and to insert special instructions.We can broadly categorize XML tags as follows:Start T agThe beginning of every non-empty XML element is marked by a start-tag. Following is an example of start-tag:End T agEvery element that has a start tag should end with an end-tag. Following is an example of end-tag:Note, that the end tags include a solidus ("/") before the name of an element.Empty T agThe text that appears between start-tag and end-tag is called content. An element which has no content is termed as empty. An empty element can be represented in two ways as follows:A start-tag immediately followed by an end-tag as shown below:A complete empty-element tag is as shown below:Empty-element tags may be used for any element which has no content.13End of ebook previewIf you liked what you saw…Buy it from our store @ https://14。
zyjson 易语言例程摘要:1.简介- zyjson 的背景和作用- 易语言简介2.zyjson 的功能和特点- zyjson 的主要功能- zyjson 的特点3.易语言与zyjson 的结合- 易语言中如何使用zyjson- zyjson 在易语言中的实际应用4.总结- 易语言与zyjson 的优势- 对开发者的意义正文:zyjson 是一个功能强大且易于使用的JSON 库,它可以帮助开发者轻松地解析和生成JSON 数据。
在我国,易语言作为一种广泛应用的编程语言,通过与zyjson 的结合,可以更好地满足开发者的需求。
zyjson 具有以下几个主要功能:- 解析JSON 数据- 生成JSON 数据- 修改JSON 数据- 格式化JSON 数据zyjson 的主要特点包括:- 跨平台:支持Windows、Linux、macOS 等操作系统- 易用性:提供详细的API 文档和丰富的例子- 高性能:解析速度快,内存占用低在易语言中,开发者可以通过调用zyjson 的API,实现对JSON 数据的解析、生成、修改等功能。
这使得易语言在处理JSON 数据时更加方便快捷,提高了开发效率。
例如,以下代码展示了如何在易语言中使用zyjson 解析JSON 数据:```// 引入zyjson 库.include "zyjson.ef"// 定义一个JSON 字符串JsonStr := "{"name": "张三", "age": 30, "city": "北京"}";// 使用zyjson 解析JSON 字符串JsonData := ParseJson(JsonStr)// 输出解析后的数据Print // 输出:张三Print JsonData.age // 输出:30Print JsonData.city // 输出:北京```通过zyjson,易语言可以更方便地处理JSON 数据,提高了开发效率。
“易语言”对硬件要求不高,只要可能运行语言。
“易语言”运行的最低计算机配置要求为:1.1 如何下载易语言1.2 如何安装易语言1.3 了解易语言的界面打开关闭保存另存为打印111.4 开始写第一个易程序1213“_启动窗口”的作用是非常重要的,口。
1.5 了解编程或点击“终止”运行按钮,也可以关闭运行的易程序。
14于程注意:有些组件双击会进入默认的事件子程序,实际上也可通过属性面板中的下拉菜单中找到所有的事件子程序。
1516行具有此名称的子程序。
然后选中窗口中的“标签” 组件,在属性表中可以看到其名称为“标签1”,并且属性表中同时还有名为“标题”的属性表栏。
17181.6如何较好地输入程序代码19系统常量名称,如:逻辑值常量“真”和“假”等。
在使用首拼输入字时,需要注意纯韵母发音汉字的输入。
如:钮”中的“按”字,它的发音是韵母an ,对于此类汉字,在首拼输入法中必须写全,譬如“按钮”的首拼输入字就应该为20211.7 “易语言”的帮助系统1.8 初学者的常见问题1本章及以后所有叙述都假设在安装易语言后,没有使用“工具”统配置”菜单项修改过系统的初始配置信息。
如果不能确定,请在启动易语2如果在输入一行代码后,代码没有被设置为有效的可执行代码或其中存22(1)将本章例子中的文字内容改为其他的问候语句。
1.9 课后练习有时在窗口属性里加了一幅图,现在想去掉,但是没有那个选项,总显示“有数据”方法:请修改标签的“标题”属性。
即进入属性面板,将标题属性后的文字更改。
方法:如欲对系统中各运行支持库内的命令、库定义数据类型、库定义常量等等信息进行查找,请在易系统启动后使用以下方法之一:2324252.1 编写第二个易程序②在窗体上拉出一个编辑框组件。
形成“编辑框1”。
(按住鼠标左键不松手,拖放到右下角)2627282.2 什么是变量29①打开前一节的程序后,使用窗口菜单切换到启动窗口设计界面,改标题为“计算”。
易语言教程-从入门到精通第一课.计算机的一般知识1.1电子计算机的发展及其基本结构1.1.1电子计算机的发展史1945年底,在美国首次研制成功人类第一台计算机,这台机器重30吨,占地面积达167平方米,加之它的工作原理,因此,人类后来的计算机并不是在这台机器的基础上发展起来的。
现代计算机理论的奠基人是图灵。
在美国数学家冯.诺伊曼的主持下,1949年诞生了第一台存储程序的计算机,又称第一代机,这台计算机为后来的计算机发展奠定了基础。
1959年,第一台晶体管计算机问世,由此,计算机进入了第二代。
1964年,IBM第一代360系列计算机问世,这是第一代通用计算机,为研制这种计算机,IBM投资50亿美元,比二战期间美国政府投入到原子弹研究的钱(20亿美元)还要多;由此,计算机进入了第三代。
进入到80年代以后,中大型计算机问世,于是开始了第四代计算机的时代。
70年代以后,出现了计算速度更快、存储量更大的巨型机。
70年代微处理器的问世,标志着计算机的发展开始了又一场革命。
1977年3月苹果公司的个人用计算机问世,自此,计算机开始进入千家万户。
1.1.2电子计算机的基本结构计算机由硬件和软件组成。
而硬件是由主机和外部设备组成;软件由系统软件和应用软件组成。
计算机硬件是软件的基础,是软件发挥功能的工作环境,而软件则是管理和利用硬件资源来实现计算机的功能,软件和硬件是相互促进和发展的。
硬件大体上有以下几个部分:控制器,运算器,内存储器(RAM、ROM),输入设备和输出设备。
前三者又合称主机,后两者又称作外部设备。
现在就这五个部分的功能,作一些简要说明。
1.输入设备。
输入设备是用来向主机输入原始数据和处理这些数据所使用的计算程序列的设备。
输入设备的种类很多,但在微型机上不外乎下列几种:(1)终端键盘。
利用手指击键方法向计算机输入信息。
用户自己写的程序列化和准备处理的数据,都可由键盘上敲入。
(2)磁盘。
磁盘,实际上也是存储信息的,因为它们都是主机之外的设备,所以也称为外存储器。
《易语言XML支持库入门教程》易语言下载网址:目录目录 (1)XML发展历程 (2)一.标记的由来 (2)二.标记语言的由来 (2)三.可扩展标记语言XML (3)四.XML的基本格式 (3)作业: (4)第一节、关于XML支持库的简介及功能分类 (4)一.易语言XML支持库所能实现的功能 (4)二.易语言XML支持库按功能分类 (4)第二节、创建类命令(一) (5)一、XML树.创建() (5)二、XML树.导出到文件() (6)三、XML树.释放() (7)四、XML树.导入() (7)第三节、创建类命令(二) (8)一、XML树.插入节点() (9)二、XML树. 插入属性() (10)三、XML树. 修改节点名()、XML树.修改节点值() (10)四、XML树.修改属性名()、XML树.修改属性值() (12)五、XML树.删除节点()、XML树.删除属性() (13)第四节、操作类命令 (15)一、XML树.取根节点名() (15)二、XML树.取所有子节点名() (16)三、XML树.取子节点个数() (16)四、XML树.取子节点数() (17)五、XML树.取子节点名() (17)六、XML树.取节点值() (18)七、XML树. 取全部属性名() (19)八、XML树. 取属性值() (20)第五节、特殊处理命令 (20)一、XML树.批量删除节点() (20)二、XML树. 批量取节点值() (22)三、XML树.批量修改节点值() (22)XML发展历程一.标记的由来标记行为的本身由来已久,比如我们所熟知的对财务报表的注释、差旅费用的名细等等,我们都可以把它理解为标记。
标记的意思就是为某物加上记号(Marking it up),现在有很多的文本处理系统也正是基于这个原理而出现的。
其中由标记引发而来的标记语言的杰出的代表之一就是xml。
标记可以分为格式化标记等等。
二.标记语言的由来1969年由于需要处理不同系统间文档的共享问题由IBM’sCharles等3位研究人员发明了一种标记语言GML。
读写XML的四种方法XML(eXtensible Markup Language)是一种用于表示和传输数据的标记语言。
它具有良好的可读性和扩展性,被广泛应用于Web开发、数据交换和配置文件等领域。
在读写和处理XML数据时,有许多方法可供选择。
本文将介绍四种常见的读写XML的方法:DOM、SAX、JDOM、和XMLStreamReader/XMLStreamWriter。
1. DOM(Document Object Model):DOM是一种基于树形结构的解析器,它将整个XML文档加载到内存中,并将其表示为一个对象树。
在DOM中,每个XML元素都被表示为一个节点(Node),可以通过节点的属性和方法对其进行操作。
读取XML文档时,可以使用DOM解析器将其转换为一个DOM树,然后通过节点的方法访问和修改树结构。
写入XML文档时,可以通过创建和修改节点来构建DOM树,并使用DOM解析器将其保存为XML文档。
使用DOM读取XML文档的基本步骤如下:- 创建一个DocumentBuilderFactory对象。
- 根据DocumentBuilderFactory对象创建一个DocumentBuilder对象。
- 使用DocumentBuilder对象解析XML文档,并返回一个Document对象。
- 通过Document对象的方法遍历和操作XML文档的节点。
使用DOM写入XML文档的基本步骤如下:- 创建一个DocumentBuilderFactory对象。
- 根据DocumentBuilderFactory对象创建一个DocumentBuilder对象。
- 使用DocumentBuilder对象创建一个Document对象。
- 通过Document对象的方法创建和添加元素节点、属性节点等。
- 使用TransformerFactory和Transformer对象将Document对象保存为XML文档。
DOM的优点是易于使用和理解,可以方便地遍历和修改XML文档。