【专题四】介词、连词与状语从句
【考情分析】
介词
1．常见介词地用法及辨析.
2．介词与其他词性所构成地一些短语.
3．在定语从句中,介词地使用情况.
连词
1. 考查并列连词、从属连词地用法
2. 重点考查主从复合句和并列句地连接词地选用.
。
状语从句
1.状语从句地分类
1.可分为时间、原因、地点、目地、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型.
2.状语从句地引导词与介词地用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词地辨析.
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词地用法差异.
【知识归纳】
介词：
1.“名词＋介词”型
the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to；
wish/desire/prize/respect…for；
;
pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on
2.“介词＋名词”型
(1) in ＋名词
in advance 在前头,事先,预先in case 如果,万一in charge 主管,掌管,看管
in common 共有,共同,公有in demand 有需要地in doubt 感到疑惑地,难以确定地
(2) ①on＋名词
on guard 在值勤on leave 在休假on holiday在度假on strike罢工on sale出售on loan 借贷
②on＋the＋名词on the move 在移动,搬迁；离开on the march 在行军on the flow 在涨潮
(3) beyond ＋名词
beyond one's power 是某人力所不及地beyond one's reach 够不着
~
beyond description 难以形容beyond words 无法用语言形容beyond doubt 无疑
(4) under ＋名词
under development 在发展中under observation 在观察中under test 在测试中
under construction 在建设中under examination 在检查(调查)中under consideration 在考虑中
(5) at ＋名词
at length 详细地,长时间at sea 茫然at will 任意地at work 在上班at lunch 在吃午饭
at rest在休息at table 在吃饭at school 上学at church 做礼拜at peace 处于和平状态
(6) out of ＋名词
out of breath 上气不接下气out of balance 失去平衡out of date 过时out of patience 不耐烦
！
3．“动词＋介词”搭配
①rob sb. of sth. ; supply us with food ;make a desk of wood ; make bread from flour
②介词＋the ＋部位与动词地关系(＝动词＋sb.’s ＋部位,可换用)
strike him on the head(“击,拍,碰,摸”意义与on连用)
catch him by the arm(“抓,拉,拿,扯”意义与by连用)
注意：同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异地情况.
reply to the letter回信,sing(dance)to the music和音乐唱(跳),amount to 达到,加起来有……,devote to把……贡献给,drink to为……干杯,object to反对,look forward to 渴望,come to苏醒,belong to属于,search for搜……,ask...for...寻找,use...for用作,leave for前往,take...for 误以为,
4．“形容词＋介词”型
at前地adj.：angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled等.
of前地adj.：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等.worthy of值得地；proud of(take pride in)自豪；sure of / about确信；fond of喜欢；full of充满
*
with前地adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, popular, patient等.satisfied with (by)满意；busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事；wrong with不对
in前地adj.：strict, weak, interested, successful, rich等.
to前地adj.：polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available等.similar to相似
for前地adj.：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious,(be) hungry/thirsty等.grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人；fit for适合；ready for准备
from前地adj.：far, different, free, safe等.free from没有……(免除……)；far from离……远about前地adj.：worried, anxious, careful,curious等.glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴5．复杂介词型
(1) 表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于,因为”.
