2017年上海大学MTI考研真题(凯程首发)

上海对外经贸大学2017年翻译硕士MTI考研真题目录翻译硕士英语（211） (1)英语翻译基础（357） (1)汉语写作与百科知识（448） (2)翻译硕士英语（211）1. 选择题（20*1')，考单词为主，后面有几道语法。

单词以专八词汇为主，少量的gre词汇2. 阅读（20*1'）,四篇阅读，个人觉得很简单，文章很短，只有一面的长度吧，用专八阅读练习足够了3.改错（10*1），比专八改错简单，前几年考的是修辞和英美文化常识，或古希腊神话典故。

4.作文（50分，500字）谈谈你对对happiness的定义英语翻译基础（357）1.英译汉，75分。

今年没考哈佛商业评论上的文章，考的是一本书的序关于Samuel Johnson的2.汉译英，75分。

是于丹论语心得上的，考前有看到这篇。

“我们想想，小偷劫匪穿门打户，甚至越货杀人，你能说他不勇敢吗?但是这种没有道义约束的勇敢是世界上最大的灾害。

后来苏轼在《留侯论》中也曾经论述过勇敢，他把那种真正的勇敢叫做“大勇”。

在苏轼看来，真正的勇者有一种“过人之节”，他们能够忍受像韩信那样的胯下之辱，而成就辅佐刘邦决胜千里、扫平天下那样的大业。

他不会像平常人逞一时之勇，图一时之快。

这是因为他的内心有一种在理性制约下的自信与镇定，这是因为他有着宽广的胸怀和高远的志向。

所谓“卒然临之而不惊，无故加之而不怒”，是很难做到的。

我们可以要求自己做一个有修养的道德君子，不去冒犯别人，但当别人没有任何缘由地时常冒犯你，你能做到不怒吗?"汉语写作与百科知识（448）一. 填空（10*2）1、商朝文字：2、3古代男子以__别贵贱女子以__别婚姻4、闰年二月多少天5、6并称风骚：7、汉语普通话以什么为标准音（）8、保存最完整的宫廷建筑9、中国画按内容分类山水、人物、__10、奥林匹克发源地二. 名词解释（10*3）京剧、科举考试、古文运动、三宝殿、婵娟、四大名著、三百千、三大传统节日、六艺、牛市三. 小作文，给党的一封信，关于高等教育的40分450字四. 大作文，60分，不少于800字的议论文。

2017年教育学考研真题与答案解析（完整版）感谢凯程陆老师对本文做出的重大贡献一、单项选择题：1-45小题，每小题2分，共90分。

下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合试题要求。

1.关注知识与权力意识形态关系的教育学流派是A.实用主义教育学B.批判教育学C.实验教育学D.文化教育学【解析】B批判教育学喜欢从马克思主义的角度，从阶级分析的离场研究教育，关注意识形态。

2.我国社会主义教育目的的理论基础是A.社会本位论B.个人本位论C.国家本位论D.人的全面发展理论【解析】Ｄ请注意，Ａ和B是价值取向，不是我国教育目的的理论基础。

3.以下道德教育模式中，将“学会选择”作为核心理论的是A.价值澄清模式B.认识发展模式C.体谅模式D.社会学习模式【解析】Ａ价值澄清模式重在让学生“选择”价值观。

4.某语文老师在古诗单元教学结束时，给学生布置了写七律诗的作业，根据布鲁姆20世纪60年代提出的教育目标分类学框架，该作业在认识目标的分类中属于A.分析B.理解C.评价D.综合【解析】Ｄ学生去写一首七律诗，是调用了对所有七律诗的知识去完成的，所以是综合。

5.形成性评价与终结性评价的主要差异在于A.评价目的不同B.评价方法不同C.评价内容不同D.评价主体不同【解析】A形成性评价最终是为了促进学生的发展。

终结性评价是为了甄别学生。

6.我国1958年确立的教育方针强调A.教育必须与生产劳动相结合B.全面实施素质教育C.坚持立德树人D.培养社会主义建设者和接班人【解析】Ａ1958年我国曾提出过两个必须的教育方针.两个必须是:教育必须为无产阶级政治服务,教育必须与劳动生产相结合。

7.我国中学曾经分别开设《动物学》和《植物学》的两个科目，后来合并为《生物学》一个科目，从课程组织的类型来看，合并后的《生物学》属于A.融合课程B.综合课程C.分科课程D.核心课程【解析】Ａ两个科目合并为新的科目就叫做融合课程。

8.学习者中心课程理论的拥护者，在教学模式上更倾向于选择A.程序教学模式B.掌握教学模式C.探究教育模式D.范例教学模式【解析】ＣABD均属于知识中心课程理论。

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译真题精析（31） 要攻克考研英语翻译就必须要练习对句子的拆分解读能力，加强对词汇多义的把握，踩准得分点，最好的方法就是大家多练习对单句的细分解读，日积月累，翻译能力必定提升。

凯程考研频道以真题为例，和大家分享句子的细分解读，从词汇到句式，希望大家多练练。

Whorf came to believe in a sortof linguistic determinism //which, in its strongest form,states //that language imprisons the mind, //and that the grammatical patterns in alanguage can produce far-reaching consequence for the culture of a society. (39 words)词汇要点：1) believe in // 相信，信仰，信奉2) determinism // n. 决定论3) imprison // v. 关押，监禁;禁锢，束缚，限制4) far-reaching //adj. 影响深远的，深刻的结构要点：1) 主句是Whorf came to believe in …;2) which 引导的定语从句，其中inits strongest form 是插入结构;3) 定语从句的谓语动词是states ，后面有两个that 引导的宾语从句：states that …and that …。

汉译逻辑要点：1) came to 是“开始去，逐渐去”的意思。

2) a sort of 是“一种，某种”。

3) linguistic determinism 可以直接翻译为“语言决定论”。

4) in its strongest form 是插入结构，这里的代词its 指代主句中的linguistic determinism(语言决定论)，由于上文已经提及，所以可以用汉语的特指“其”来代替。

2015年12月12017年上海大学考研指导【上海大学】一、问答题(30\')1，写出你熟悉的两位翻译家及其代表翻译理论并做比较分析2，写出你熟悉的两位现代文学翻译家及其代表作，并阐述下各自的翻译理念。

二、汉英互译1、汉译英，今年的上大汉译英尽然没有考政府报告公文类的翻译，考得是文学翻译，虽然上大参考书目有张培基散文选，但之前考察是以政论文为主的，楼主散文只练了几篇，主题围绕“保守文学”和“激进文学”展开，具体内容记不大清楚了，个人认为有难度不好翻，句子比较绕口。

后续找到原文再上传给大家吧。

2、英译汉，英汉翻译比较简单大约七段左右，之前以为翻译时间会很赶，不过还好相对充足。

3、短诗翻译，前几年考过今年又出现了，短小精悍容易理解，主要考察文采押韵，反应原作风格吧。

下面把这两部分的原文附给大家，大家感受一下。

英译中：It was New Year’s Night.An aged man was standing at a window.He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky,where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake.He had already passed sixty and brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets.Now his health was poor,his mind vacant and his heart sorrowful.The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him,and he recalled the2015年12月2serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads-one leading to a peaceful,sunny place,covered with flowers,fruits and filled with soft,sweet songs;the other leading to a deep,dark cave,which was endless,where poison flowed instead of water and devils and poisonous snake hissed (发嘶嘶声)and crawled (爬,爬行).He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness.These were the days of his wasted life;he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared,and this was the symbol of himself.His regret like a sharp arrow struck deeply into his heart.Then he remembered his friends in his childhood.But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this night.The high church clock struck and the sound made him remember his parents’early love for him.They had taught him and prayed for his good.But he chose the wrong way.With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven.His darkened eyes were full of tears,and with a despairing effort,he burst out a cry:“Come back,my early days!”His youth did return,for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year Night.He was still young though his faults were real;he had not yet entered the deep,dark cave,and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.Those who still wander on the entrance of life,hesitating to choose the bright road,remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble2015年12月3(绊脚)on the dark mountains,you will cry bitterly,but in vain（徒劳）:“Oh youth,return!Oh give me back my early days!”诗歌翻译：life(unknown)·Life can be good,·Life can be bad,·Life is mostly cheerful,·But sometimes sad.·Life can be dreams,·Life can be great thoughts;·Life can mean a person,·Sitting in court.·Life can be dirty,·Life can even be painful;·But life is what you make it,·So try to make it beautiful!复试包过请联系育明教育孙老师一、十大解题思路2015年12月41、细节题5个"w"，一个"h"：who、which、when、what、where、how。

2017年外经贸翻译硕士真题（凯程首发）2017年外经贸翻译硕士真题（凯程首发），凯程就是翻译硕士的黄埔军校。

喜报，刚刚考完2017年翻译硕士，凯程集训营学员纷纷给凯程集训营老师打来电话，汇报真题情况，并且说翻译硕士内容是凯程集训营老师讲过的类型，凯程不愧为翻译硕士的黄埔军校。

凯程在历年考研中，每年都命中翻译硕士大量的题目，更神奇的是，有些题目是完全一致的。

凯程在2017年学员的反馈中，预示着凯程学员将取得更优异的成绩。

凯程已经开设了翻译硕士、金融硕士、会计硕士、法硕、法学、经济学、金融学、教育学、教育硕士、中传、财科所等专业和学校的复试特录班，不录取全额退费，同学们可以咨询凯程，凯程有信心扎实辅导，能够让同学们顺利考取目标院校，并且凯程官网发布了各个专业的复试和初试导学视频，免费供大家查看。

凯程2018年考研特录班、全程特录班、暑期集训营、寒假集训营，百日集训营、冲刺集训营，开始报名，定向名校，全日制封闭式高强度集训，历年成功率遥遥领先。

凯程拥有12年考研辅导经验，拥有自己的集训营，正规大学场地、教学楼、宿舍、操场、食堂、安全又卫生，班主任全程监督管理，全程名师授课。

您可以找凯程老师免费索取翻译硕士考研的相关导学班视频。

也有同学问，考研辅导班哪个好？同学们直接去该机构官网看看经验谈视频，有视频才有真相，有视频才代表有辅导经验，凯程学员视频真真实实的案例，欢迎同学们到凯程官网去查看。

2017年对外经贸大学MTI汉语百科知识与写作单项选择50+应用文写作600字+大作文1000字一、选择1、提灯天使是谁2、英国脱欧3、美国的麦迪逊大街常用来指代哪一行业4、美国哪一条修正案中，给予女性选举权利5、2016发生的美国警察被枪杀的原因6、“美即真理，真理即美”出自于那个人的什么作品7、08年汶川大地震，哪个选项不是重灾区8、天宫一号、二号、神州五号、六号，哪个第一次实现了载人航天9、《大宪章》是哪个世纪谁在位时的10、以下哪位美国作家没有获得过诺贝尔文学奖（海明威、福克纳等）11、三武宗12、《失乐园》讲了什么13、赋比兴中“兴”的含义14、以下哪个不是英国著名公学15、《女性的意识》是谁写的16、文艺复兴时期谁写的“十四行诗”……二、应用文写作关于大学生创业、创新的策划书三、大作文新媒体时代下信息传播方式的思考。

2017年上海大学考研指导【上海大学】一、问答题(30\')1，写出你熟悉的两位翻译家及其代表翻译理论并做比较分析2，写出你熟悉的两位现代文学翻译家及其代表作，并阐述下各自的翻译理念。

二、汉英互译1、汉译英，今年的上大汉译英尽然没有考政府报告公文类的翻译，考得是文学翻译，虽然上大参考书目有张培基散文选，但之前考察是以政论文为主的，楼主散文只练了几篇，主题围绕“保守文学”和“激进文学”展开，具体内容记不大清楚了，个人认为有难度不好翻，句子比较绕口。

后续找到原文再上传给大家吧。

2、英译汉，英汉翻译比较简单大约七段左右，之前以为翻译时间会很赶，不过还好相对充足。

3、短诗翻译，前几年考过今年又出现了，短小精悍容易理解，主要考察文采押韵，反应原作风格吧。

下面把这两部分的原文附给大家，大家感受一下。

英译中：It was New Year’s Night.An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky,where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake.He had already passed sixty and brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets.Now his health was poor,his mind vacant and his heart sorrowful.The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him,and he recalled theserious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads-one leading to a peaceful,sunny place,covered with flowers,fruits and filled with soft,sweet songs;the other leading to a deep,dark cave, which was endless,where poison flowed instead of water and devils and poisonous snake hissed(发嘶嘶声)and crawled(爬,爬行).He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness.These were the days of his wasted life;he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared,and this was the symbol of himself.His regret like a sharp arrow struck deeply into his heart.Then he remembered his friends in his childhood.But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this night. The high church clock struck and the sound made him remember his parents’early love for him.They had taught him and prayed for his good. But he chose the wrong way.With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven.His darkened eyes were full of tears,and with a despairing effort,he burst out a cry:“Come back,my early days!”His youth did return,for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year Night.He was still young though his faults were real;he had not yet entered the deep,dark cave,and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.Those who still wander on the entrance of life,hesitating to choose the bright road,remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble (绊脚)on the dark mountains,you will cry bitterly,but in vain（徒劳）:“Ohyouth,return!Oh give me back my early days!”诗歌翻译：life(unknown)·Life can be good,·Life can be bad,·Life is mostly cheerful,·But sometimes sad.·Life can be dreams,·Life can be great thoughts;·Life can mean a person,·Sitting in court.·Life can be dirty,·Life can even be painful;·But life is what you make it,·So try to make it beautiful!复试包过请联系育明教育孙老师（1）一般而言，每篇阅读理解只讲一个主题，阅读时应通过段落主题句把握中心。

2017 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding yes! 1to 2people youhelping you feel close anda out that hugs can bring care about, it turns3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace mighteven help you 4 getting sick this winter.5 over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie MellonIn a recent studyUniversity in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt ofhugs 6 the participants' susceptibility（敏感性） to developing the common cold after being7 to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come8 with a cold, and the researchers 9 that the stress-10aboutreducing effects of hugging32 percent of that beneficial effect.among those who got a cold, the ones who felt 11greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress, notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Huggingis amarker of intimacy and helps the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.15Some experts 17 the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to therelease of oxytocin（后叶催产素）, often called he bonding hormone 18 it promotesattachment inrelationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocinis made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released intothe bloodstream. Butsome of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1.[A]Besides [B]Unlike [C]Throughout [D]Despite2.[A]equal [B]restricted [C]connected [D]inferior3.[A]view [B]host [C]lesson [D]choice4.[A]avoid [B]forget [C]recall [D]keep5.[A]collecting [B]affecting [C]guiding [D]involving16.[A]on [B]in [C]at [D]of7.[A]devoted [B]attracted [C]lost [D]exposed8.[A]along [B]across [C]down [D]out9.[A]imagined [B]denied [C]doubted [D]calculated10.[A]served [B]restored [C]explained [D]required11.[A]Thus [B]Still [C]Rather [D]Even12.[A]defeats [B]symptoms [C]errors [D]tests13.[A]highlighted [B]increased [C]controlled [D]minimized14.[A]presented [B]equipped [C]associated [D]compared215.[A]assess[B]generate [C]moderate [D]record16. [A]in the name [B] in the form [C] in the face [D] in the wayof of of of 17.[A]attribute [B]commit [C]transfer [D]return18.[A]unless [B]because [C]though [D]until19.[A]remains [B]emerges [C]vanishes [D]decreases20.[A]experiences [B]combines [C]justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B,C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours, now three hours — this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U.S. airportswith increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed overthe Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much ofair travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for theprocess. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, notto mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration(TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons — both fake and real — past airportsecurity nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined witha rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted inlong waits at major airports such as Chicago's O'Hare International. It is not yet clear howmuch more effective airline security has become — but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may bethat more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees,though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be awin-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible touse expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travelers who are higher risk,saving time for everyone involved. TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck. 3It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock: Passengers 4must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, thisprice tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a morereasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most ofthe traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the programwork.21.The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to [A] explain American's tolerance of current security checks. [B] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. airports. [D] emphasize the importanceof privacy protection.22.Which of the following contributes to long waits at major airports? [A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA. [C] An increase in the number of travellers.[D]Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word “expedited” (Liner 4, Para. 5) is closet in meaning to [A]quieter.[B] cheaper. [C] wider. [D] faster.24.One problem with the PreCheck program is [A] a dramatic reduction of itsscale.[B] its wrongly-directed implementation. [C] the government's reluctance to back it.[D] anunreasonable price for enrollment.25.Which of the following would be the best for the text? [A] Less Screeningfor More Safety[B] PreCheck – a Belated Solution [C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines [D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers,” wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted overconstruction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.5At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea isalso home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environmentalists have long viewed their presence as disrespect far sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation. Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is not the only way of understanding theworld. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or itsholiness to the islands' inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past； it is aliving culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesiansto Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls todisassembleall telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where wecome from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as ifanswering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, oldones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state.There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26.Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates [A] her conservativeview on the historical role of astronomy. [B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society. [C]the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to [A] itsgeographical features.[B] its protective surroundings. [C] its religious implications. [D] its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because [A] it6may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history. [C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.7[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy_[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world. [C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.30.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance. [C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western World, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so sowell, then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what itcould do to their country's economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of thepoorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets ofcriteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get amore rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but inkey indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued todecline. Yet this isn't the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countrieshave seen huge improvements across measures including civil society; income equality and theenvironment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different.8So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It doesnot include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes - allthings that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.9The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymaker whorefocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures couldavoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he [A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness. [C]misinterpreted the role of GDP. [D]had a low opinion ofGDP.32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that [A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern. [B]the UK will contribute less to the world economy.[C]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK. [D]policymakers in the UK arepaying less attention to GDP.33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study? [A]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[B]It is sponsored by 163 countries. [C]Its criteria are questionable. [D]Its results areenlightening.34.In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that [A]the UK is preparingfor an economic boom.[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline. [C]it is essential to consider factors beyondGDP. [D]it requires caution to handle economic issues.35.Which of the following is the best??for the text? [A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson [B]GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health [C] Robert F.Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding itsnose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch anda Ferrari Automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trail failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor's decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.10The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful”and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such asapproval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, orhosting an event is not an “official act.”The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problemswithout fear of prosecution of bribery. “The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court, “assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed toplay favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrityrequireswill-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings,rules onlobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of accessfor average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society – that all are equal in treatment by government- is undermined. Good government rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36.The underlined sentence(Para.1) most probably shows that the court [A]avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell. [C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.37.According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] concrete returns for gift-givers. [B] sizable gains in the form of gifts. [C] leaking secrets intentionally.[D] breaking contracts officially.38.The court's ruling is d on the assumption that public officials are [A]allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues. [C] justified in addressingthe needs of their constituents. [D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.1139.Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to [A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.12[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying. [D] inspire hopes in average people.40.The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is [A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant. [C] skeptical. [D] supportive.Part B Directions:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-Gto filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, A Dinner at Poplar Walk brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,whichappeared under the pen name Boz in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write astory in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own storyinstead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct adrawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers ofthe Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book formin 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter'seye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted shortsketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. Hispaternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having beenservants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly camefroma13more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caughtstealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickensout of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, wherethe other working boys mocked him as he young gentleman. His father was then imprisonedfor debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He couldnot confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation ofhis fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, hisnext novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → B →45.Part C Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)ut even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face newpressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)is analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of theUnited Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future asqualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongsidethat,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement toachieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process 14outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.315billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to&10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdownin the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries islikely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent suchslippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,abasis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those whowish to influence the future must prepare for it.46、But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.(47)is analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of theUnited Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement toachieve fluency in other languages.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.(50)It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and use of English,a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very differentoperating environment.SectionIII Writing Part A51.directionYou are to write an email to James Cook,a newly-arrived Australia professor,recommending some tourist attraction in your city .Please give reason for your recommendation. You should write nearly on the answer/sheet.Dot not sign your own name at the end of the email .use li minginstead Do not write the address.(10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures. In y essay. You should1)describe the pictures briefly.2)interpret the meaning,and3)give your comments.16You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points) 17。

2021年上海大学MTI真题回忆版（凯程首发）凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！____年上海大学MTI真题回忆版（凯程首发）喜报：刚刚考完研究生，凯程的电话瞬间就变成了热线，同学们纷纷打来电话报喜，说自己在考场上遇到的题目，大多数都是在凯程集训营训练的同类型题目，集训营扎实的学习，对自己考试非常有帮助。

在这里，凯程的每一位老师都特别高兴，下面，我们把专业课真题公布出来，供____考研的同学们使用。

凯程也开设有____考研集训营、全年特录班、暑期集训营、百日集训营、冲刺集训营、飞翔标准班、飞翔集训营，复试辅导班，欢迎报名。

翻译硕士英语第一题是30道单选，单选的特点就是近义词辨析、介词搭配还有基础词汇，大家备考还是应该背背单词，专八单词应该就可以，还有一定要做一些其他学校的翻译硕士英语的真题单选题练练手找找感觉。

第二题是六篇阅读，没有问答第三题是作文translation as an art of balance基础英语第一大题热词翻译工匠精神、教育改革路线图、洪荒之力、去杠杆、精准扶贫、创新驱动、供给侧改革第二大题翻译理论，用你知道的翻译理论comment on三字经的译文，“子不学，非所宜，幼不学，何所为的??”，译文一二有两篇，针对这两篇翻译作阐述第三题是英汉互译英译汉是经济类，在过去改革开放____年来中国的经济快速发展??据说某篇真题上一模一样的。

汉译英是对美国理想生活社会的论述，阐述美国梦，感觉有点像演讲稿。

汉语写作与百科知识第一题单选15个1.“高岑诗派”是（）2.莎士比亚时期盛行（）行诗3.西方“翻译三原则”是（）最先提出的 4.三国时台湾被称作（） 5.空调的匹指的是（） 6.古代医圣是（）7.杨震说“天知、地知、子知、我知”是为了（） 8.中国古代提出“五失本，三不易”的是（）9.“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”是（）第 1 页共 1 页凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！10.诗经中的精华部分是（） 11.斯宾塞的长诗（）标志文艺复兴伊丽莎白时期人文主义高峰 12.下面哪项是孔子读书事迹的（）13.“伦理”在希腊最接近的意思（） 14.世界最大宗教建筑群是（） 15.史学家称（）“科学之父”第二大题名词解释 1.《菜根谭》 2.《马氏文通》 3.“戊戌变法”4.“师夷长技以制夷” 5“书同文”第三大题应用文以你熟悉的一道中国菜为对象，写一篇说明文第四大题作文诗云：“疏影横斜水清浅，暗香浮动月黄昏”，请以“暗香浮动”为题写作。

2017年考研英语（二）真题及答案解析（凯程首发）刚考完2017考研初试，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，所考专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。

考研分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。

如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。

下面凯程老师把专业的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2018年考研的同学使用，本试题凯程首发!SectionI Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be havinga great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hardday’s work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1．[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring【答案】[C] warning2．[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty【答案】[A] inequality3．[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction【答案】[D] prediction4．[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured【答案】[A] characterized5．[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom【答案】[B] meaning6．[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless【答案】[B] Indeed7．[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated【答案】[C] working8．[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute【答案】[A] explanation9．[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among【答案】[D] among10．[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside【答案】[C] worry about11．[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically 【答案】[C] necessarily12．[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles【答案】[B] downsides13．[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course【答案】[A] absence14．[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield【答案】[D] yield15．[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship【答案】[C] virtue16．[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce【答案】[D] scarce17．[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats【答案】[A] demands18．[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved【答案】[B] tired19．[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into【答案】[D] into20．[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal 【答案】[B] professionalSectionIIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monda y, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining.The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has.[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival【答案】[A] gained great popularity22. The author believes that London’s Olympic“legacy” has failed to.[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools【答案】[B] promote sport participation23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers【答案】[C] does not emphasize elitism24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should.[A] organize “grassroots” sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities【答案】[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is.[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympathetic【答案】[B] criticalText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. ”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with th eir children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value toit—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention[C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency【答案】[B] absorb user attention27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______.[A] takes away babies’ appetite[B] distracts children’s attention[C] slows down babies’ verbal development[D] reduces mother-child communication【答案】[D] reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs【答案】[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their children[D] remain concerned about kid’s use of screens【答案】[C] ensure constant interaction with their children30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentive【答案】[A] give their parents some free timeText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t ac ademic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimationblunders.If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college cla sses. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses【答案】[C] it feels strange to do differently from others32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .[A] keep students from being unrealistic[B] lower risks in choosing careers[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens[D] relieve freshmen of pressures【答案】[D] relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation” (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition【答案】[A] adaptation34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals[C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major【答案】[D] decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be .[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year[C] The Gap Year Comes Back[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma【答案】[A] In Favor of the Gap YearText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going toward s the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homesthat are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,” he says.” We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?” “Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climat e is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways,” he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an over ly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they.[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure【答案】[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” to.[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas[B] avoid the redirection of federal money[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds【答案】[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that.[A] public debates have not settled yet[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving[C] other factors should not be overlooked[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place【答案】[C] other factors should not be overlooked39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to.[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature【答案】[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should.[A] do away with[B] come to terms with[C] pay a price for[D] keep away from【答案】[B] come to terms withPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,” he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,” Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineeri ng. “I love working with tools. I love creating.” he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents,who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid t he factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren’t m isplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s tha t gap in between, and that’s where the problem is. ”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibi lity. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,” she says.【答案】41[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.42 [A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.43 [G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents.44 [B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill45 [F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturingSection IIITranslation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that Iwould move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be honest, I said it , because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. Th is is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”【参考译文】我一直梦想着能找到一个结合时尚与出版的工作。