社区护士慢性阻塞性肺疾病防治知识认知水平和学习需求调查
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:286.02 KB
- 文档页数:3
慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者对疾病认知情况及健康教育需求研究目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者对疾病的认知及健康教育需求情况。
方法:问卷调查方法,对我院2008年9月—2009年6月96例COPD患者进行调查,统计其对COPD相关知识认知及对健康宣教内容的需求。
结果:目前COPD患者对COPD认知明显不足96例COPD患者中,对COPD性质、吸烟与肺功能的关系、肺功能检查的意义、吸入疗法的应用及家庭氧疗的意义等5方面不了解。
结论:医院对COPD患者全面开展COPD相关知识以及健康教育工作在医院势在必行。
标签:慢性阻塞性肺疾病;认知;健康教育;需求慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种以通气受限为特征的,可以治疗和预防的疾病,通气受限完全可逆,呈进行性发展,与肺部对香烟烟雾等有害气体和有害颗粒的异常炎症反应有关。
本文旨在通过对COPD患者对COPD相关知识认知及健康教育需求的调查,为进一步进行有针对性地健康教育提供依据,达到对疾病预防的目的,以减少疾病急性发作的频率,提高COPD患者的生活质量。
1对象与方法1.1病例的选择及问卷调查方法选择2008年9月—2009年6月96例住院治疗并能够配合完成问卷的COPD患者。
采用调查问卷的方法,调查问卷依据COPD 相关治疗原则自行设计,调查时向患者解释相关内容并指导其填写,问卷当场收回,逐项审查并进行统计分析。
1.2问卷的主要内容1.2.1一般资料包括患者的姓名、性别、年龄、职业、受教育程度、目前收入情况(每月收入≤1000元,每月收入>1001元)、每年急性发作的次数(≤2次和>3次),每年用于治疗的费用(≤6000元,>6001元)。
1.2.2主要内容对COPD相关知识的认知。
依据COPD的治疗原则将调查项目分为:(1)患者对COPD性质的认知;(2)对吸烟与COPD关系的认知;(3)对肺功能检查意义的认知;(4)对吸入疗法应用的认知;(5)对家庭氧疗意义的认知。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病住院患者健康教育需求与护士认知差异的调查目的分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者健康教育需求与护士认知差异,促进健康教育方式改善。
方法以157例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者及15名呼吸内科护士为研究对象。
结果急性期和稳定期患者对疾病知识、治疗知识、运动疗法、饮食疗法、自我管理、集体授课、一对一指导需求有显著差异(P<0.05),稳定期患者对疾病知识、运动疗法、饮食疗法、自我管理、集体授课需求高于急性期,急性期对治疗知识、一对一指导的需求高于稳定期;两个时期患者对并发症预防、宣传栏/册、电教等健康教育方式需求无显著差异(P>0.05)。
急性期患者对疾病知识、运动疗法、饮食疗法、自我管理等内容的需求显著低于护士认知(P<0.05),对集体授课、宣传栏/册等方式需求显著低于护士认知(P<0.05),对电教的需求显著高于护士认知(P<0.05)。
稳定期患者对运动疗法、电教需求显著高于护士认知(P<0.05),对治疗知识、宣传栏/册、一对一指导需求显著低于护士认知(P <0.05)。
急性期患者健康需求与护士认知10个项目中存在7项显著差异,稳定期患者健康需求与护士认知存在5项显著差异,稳定期患者健康需求与护士认知的一致性较急性期患者略高。
结论急性期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者对健康教育需求更重视有助缓解症状的健康知识,稳定期患者更重视控制症状的健康知识,应根据患者具体需求改进健康教育内容和方式。
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the differences between disease health education needs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary and cognitive of disease health education needs of nurses. Methods Choosed 157 cases with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 15 nurses for the study of respiratory medicine to research. Results Between acute and patients with stable disease knowledge,treatment knowledge,exercise therapy,diet therapy,self-management,group classes,one on one guidance needs had significant differences(P<0.05),patients with stable disease knowledge,exercise therapy,diet therapy,self-management,demand was higher than the acute phase,and the acute phase of collective teaching,knowledge of the acute phase of treatment,needs guidance were higher than stable;Prevention of complications,bulletin boards/books,audio-visual and other health education needs in patients with two periods had no significant difference(P>0.05). Disease in patients with acute demand for knowledge,exercise therapy,diet therapy,self-management and other content were significantly lower than nurse cognitive(P<0.05),collective teaching,publicity columns/books etc cognitive demand were significantly lower than nurses(P<0.05),the demand for audio-visual perception were significantly higher than nurses (P<0.05). Exercise therapy in patients with stable,audio-visual cognitive demand were significantly higher than nurses(P<0.05),for the treatment of knowledge,publicity columns/books,one on one guidance demand were significantly lower than nurse cognitive(P<0.05). Patients with acute health needs and nurses perception exists significant differences in cognitive 7 projects,stable health needs of patients and nurses had significant differences in cognitive 5 projects,stable health needs of patients and nurses in patients with acute cognitive consistency compared slightly higher. ConclusionPatients with acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease health education needs to be pay more attention to health education,health knowledge helps to relieve symptoms,patients with stable symptoms more emphasis on cognitive control health knowledge,nurses are more comprehensive and closer to the needs of stable patients,should improve and adopt more acceptable way of health education.[Key words] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;Health education;Demand;Cognitive differences慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是严重危害人民身体健康的以不完全可逆性气道受限为特征的慢性呼吸系统疾病,具有高发病率和高病死率,除呼吸系统损害外可诱发其他多系统功能障碍或加重合并疾病症状[1]。
北京地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者相关知识知晓情况及健康教育需求调查北京地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者相关知识知晓情况及健康教育需求调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,COPD)是一种常见的慢性疾病,其主要特征为气道狭窄和气流受限。
在北京地区,污染严重的大气环境和高龄人口增长等因素,导致COPD的发病率逐渐上升。
为了了解北京地区COPD患者对该病相关知识的知晓情况以及他们的健康教育需求,本次调查在北京市xx医院进行。
调查采用问卷调查方式,共发放100份问卷,回收90份有效问卷进行分析。
调查对象为已被诊断为COPD的患者,包括男性和女性。
问卷内容包括个人基本信息、疾病知识知晓情况及健康教育需求。
在个人基本信息方面,调查结果显示,参与调查的COPD 患者中,男性占67%,女性占33%。
年龄分布以50岁以上的中老年人居多,其中60岁以上占68%,50-59岁占20%,40-49岁占10%,30岁以下和30-39岁各占1%。
此外,65%的患者有吸烟史,另有35%的患者是二手烟史。
在疾病知识知晓情况方面,调查结果显示,大部分COPD 患者对疾病的基本认知还是比较了解的。
82%的患者知道COPD 是一种慢性气道疾病,83%的患者知道吸烟是COPD的主要危险因素。
然而,在病因和预防方面的知识了解程度较低。
只有48%的患者了解大气污染也是COPD的危险因素,只有39%的患者知道及时治疗COPD能够改善病情。
此外,只有30%的患者了解COPD患者要避免接触二手烟。
在健康教育需求方面,调查结果显示,大部分COPD患者希望通过健康教育提高自己的疾病管理能力。
87%的患者希望了解如何正确使用药物治疗COPD,83%的患者希望学习如何通过锻炼和体育运动来改善肺功能。
此外,66%的患者希望了解如何正确使用呼吸器,54%的患者希望学习COPD饮食调理的方法,46%的患者希望学习支气管扩张剂的使用方法。
上海市浦东新区社区医生慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知情况调查【目的】了解浦東新区社区医生慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)认知情况,为COPD社区防治工作提供依据。
【方法】从上海市浦东新区的46个社区卫生服务中心用单纯随机抽样法抽取325名医生进行面对面调查,应答率为99.1%,问卷调查社区医生一般情况、COPD防治相关知识和COPD管理认知情况。
【结果】86.6%的医生认为肺功能检测是COPD诊断的必备条件,77.0%的医生认为稳定期COPD患者需要维持治疗,26.4%的医生认为稳定期COPD患者外配药品首选气雾剂,23.0%的医生认为长期吸氧可能产生依赖性,60.2%的医生以前接受过COPD相关知识培训,仅21.7%的医生知道COPD诊治指南的主要内容,49.7%的医生认为自身不具备提供COPD社区保健服务的能力,尤其缺乏社区管理指导能力和临床治疗指导能力。
社区全科医生的COPD相关知识技能水平高于公卫医生,但是否接受过全科医师规范化培训并不影响全科医生的COPD相关知识技能水平。
【结论】社区医生在COPD预防及患者诊疗方面存在不足,有必要完善社区肺功能仪等相关设备的配置,并加强COPD专业知识和技能系统化培训,并且需要完善全科医师规范化培训制度,强化其中的COPD防治相关内容,切实提升社区医生的COPD防治能力。
标签:慢性阻塞性肺疾病;社区医生;认知引用格式:邱桦,阮晓楠,周先锋,等.上海市浦东新区社区医生慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知情况调查[J].上海预防医学,2018,30(9):750-754.Abstract:[Objective] To 1investigate the cognition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)among community doctors in Pudong New Area,and to provide the basis for COPD community prevention and treatment. [Methods] A total of 325 community doctors were selected for face to face investigation by simple random sampling from 46 communities in Shanghai Pudong New Area.The response rate was 99.1%.Questionnaires surveyed the general conditions,COPD prevention-related knowledge,and COPD management awareness with community doctors. [Results] In the course of investigation,86.6% of community doctors considered that pulmonary function testing was a prerequisite for the diagnosis of COPD;77.0% of community doctors believed that patients with stable COPD needed maintenance treatment;26.4% of community doctors considered that aerosols were the first choice of external medicine for patients with stable COPD;23.0% of community doctors considered that long-term oxygen inhalation might cause dependence;60.2% of respondents had previously been trained in COPD related knowledge.Only 21.7% knew the main content of the COPD diagnosis and treatment guidelines.And 49.7% of respondents believed that they did not have the ability to provide COPD community with health services,especially they lacked the ability for community management guidance and clinical treatment munity general doctors had higher levels of COPD-related knowledge and skills than public health doctors,but whether or not they had receivedstandardized training for general practitioners did not affect their COPD-related knowledge and skills. [Conclusion] There are deficiencies with community doctors in their prevention,diagnosis and treatment of COPD.It is necessary to improve the configuration of relevant equipment such as lung function meters,and to strengthen the systematic training of COPD professional knowledge and skills.It is also necessary to improve the standardized training system for general doctors and strengthen the relevant content of COPD prevention,and to effectively improve the ability of community doctors to prevent and control COPD.Keywords:chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;community doctor;cognition慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是一种具有气流受限特征的疾病,可以预防和治疗。
社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者对疾病认知、认可、认同程度调查作者:李萍王彩霞张超垒来源:《上海医药》2016年第08期摘要目的:探讨社区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患者对自身疾病认知、认可、认同的程度。
方法:2013年1—4月采用自行设计的问卷对社区慢阻肺稳定期患者120例进行调查,内容包括一般资料、对疾病认知、认可、认同程度。
结果:随着年龄的增加,患者对疾病的认知方面的程度显著增加(P关键词慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知认可认同中图分类号:R563 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2016)08-0050-03The investigation of the disease awareness, recognition and identification of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease*LI Ping, WANG Caixia, ZHANG Chaolei(Pengpuxinchun Community Health Service Center of Zhabei District, Shanghai 200435,China)ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the degrees of awareness, recognition and identification of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) for their illness in the community. Methods: From Jan. to April 2013, 120 cases of COPD were investigated by the self-designed questionnaire in the community, and the investigation contents included the general information, and the degrees of awareness, recognition, and identification for the disease. Results: With the increase of age, the degree of awareness of the patients for their disease was significantly increased(PKEY WORD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; awareness; recognition and identification认知、认可、认同是患者对自身疾病认识的不同阶段。