Knowledge
Made up of perspectives, ideas, narratives, commentaries, rules, categories, laws, terms, explanations and definitions…etc. All of these are constructed by discourses. As mentioned before, discourse is associated with an institution. Thus knowledge can be considered as the product of certain institutions.
Works
Madness and Civilization (1961) The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (1963) The Order of Things (1966) The Archaeology of Knowledge (1969) Discipline and Punish (1975) The History of Sexuality (1984)
Relationship between discourse, knowledge and power
Knowledge and truth don’t just appear out of nowhere to fight for goodness, justice and progress; but are produced out of power struggles (between different fields, disciplines and institutions) and are used to authorize and legitimate the workings of power.