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2009年专八口语答案第一部分英译汉1. On behalf of the foreign teachers at Nanping University, I want to take this opportunity to thank all of the staff of Nanping University, especially the Foreign Affairs Office staff and our colleagues in our various departments, for all the ways you’ve assisted us during the 2007-2008 academic year and made us feel at home.--借此机会我代表南平大学的所有外教，感谢南平大学的所有教职工，特别是外办的工作人员和各个院系的同事，感谢你们在2007至2008学年对我们的帮助，使我们在这里就象在家一样。
--我谨代表所有的外籍教师，借此机会向南平大学的各位老师，尤其是外办的工作人员和各系的同仁表示感谢。
在过去的一年里，你们为我们提供了各种帮助，让我们感受到家的温暖。
2. Unlike Chinese teachers, we require a lot of orientation and assistance when we first arrive, and you’re called on to do everything from guiding us to the local department store to helping us get our computers set up.—与中国教师不同，我们刚到这里的时候需要很多的指导和帮助。
从带我们去商场购物，到帮我们调试电脑,你们都有求必应。
—与中国教师不同，我们刚到这里的时候需要很多的指导和帮助。
英语专业八级考试历届翻译试题参考答案2000年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文SECTION A原文中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。
与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比，它先天有些不足，后天也常缺乏营养，但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。
它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。
世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。
第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。
这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。
世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。
在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。
这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。
中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆！它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。
参考译文（1）：The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics,optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements.参考译文（2）The first-generation museums in the world are museums of natural history. With fossils and specimens they introduce to people the evolution of the earth and various living organisms on it. The second-generation museums are those of industrial technology. Fruits of various stages of industrial civilization are on display here. Although these two generations of muslins have played the role of spreading scientific knowledge, they regard visitors as passive spectators. The world’s third-generation museums are full of completely new concepts. Here visitors can carry out operations and careful observations themselves. In this way they come closer to advanced achievements in science and technology so as to probe into their mystery.SECTION B原文：If people mean anything at all by the expression "untimely death", they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely---a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken.History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue.参考译文（1）：如果人们藉"英年早逝"这一字眼真的意欲表达什么含义的话，他们必然相信某些人的辞世可以算是寿终正寝，而另一些人则"死不逢时" 。
英语专业八级汉译英试题真题2009年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分（附参考译文）C-E原文：我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。
今天没有手机的人是奇怪的，这种人才需要解释。
我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里，可以随时调出使用。
古代只有巫师才能拥有这种法宝。
手机刷新了人与人的关系。
会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。
可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。
我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。
尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。
打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。
手机反映出我们的"社交饥渴症"。
最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。
他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。
为什么对于手机来电和短信这么在乎?因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联系。
参考译文：Cell phone has altered / renovated human relations / relationships. There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads “close your handset / cell phone.” However, the rings are still resounding in the room. We are all common people and have few urgencies to do. Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone. Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our “thirst for socialization.” We are familiar with the scene that a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, regardless of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom.注：中文作者：张帆标题：《我们生活在机器中》为上海艺术人文频道《世说新语》栏目所作的演讲稿E-C原文：We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency - a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst - though not all - of its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.However, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words of Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat: "They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, all powerful to be impotent." So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.参考译文：My translation:我们人类正面临着一场星球灾难，这是一场威胁整个人类文明的危机。
专八英译汉（1995---2009）赵玉敏1为本人翻译2为标准答案20091. 当我们在此聚集的时候，我们人类正面临着一个全球性的危机----一个十分不详和极具摧毁性潜力的威胁正扼杀着我们人类的文明。
但是，这里也有好消息：如果我们大胆、果断，迅速地出击，我们就能够解决这个危机，即使不能避免所有的后果，但至少能避免最坏的情况的发生。
然而，对当今世界许多领袖的最好的形容则正如当初丘吉尔对那些忽视阿道夫·希特勒的威胁的领导人所作出的评价那样：“他们一直陷在一种奇怪的矛盾中，决定了却又拖泥带水，优柔寡断；大权在握却又显得无能为力。
”今天，我们把环绕于地球周围薄薄的大气层当做开放的排污口，对它又排出了70百万吨可令全球变暖的污染物。
而明天，我们又将继续增加排污量，逐渐积累的温室气体将会吸收越来越多的太阳热能。
2. 我们人类正遭遇一次全球性的紧急事件，它对于我们的文明社会是否能够延续来说是个威胁。
甚至就在我们聚集在这里商讨时，它还在聚集破坏潜力，威胁也越来越大。
不过也有给人带来希望的消息，那就是，如果我们大胆、果断、迅速采取行动，我们有能力化解这次危机，即使不能避免所有的后果，也能避免最坏的后果。
然而，当今世界上许多领导人，他们的所作所为，用温斯顿•丘吉尔批评当年对希特勒的威胁视而不见的人们的话来描述再恰当不过了：“他们的所作所为前后矛盾，莫名其妙，起初决心已定，最终却迟疑不定；起初当即立断，最终却优柔寡断；起初无所不能，最终却一无所能。
”今天，我们视地球周围稀薄的大气层为排污明沟，又一次将七千万吨导致全球升温得污染物排放其中，到了明天，我们排放的污染物还会略有增加，其浓度渐积渐累，吸收太阳的热量愈来愈多。
20081. 但是，正如许多情况中所存在的事实一样，当他们最终步入了婚姻的殿堂，却发现原本最美丽的憧憬却为现实所取代。
他们不但没能分担各自原先的责任，正如学生们所说的“一人一半”，反而发现生活中的烦恼加倍了。
2009英语专业八级考试全真试题附答案【听力理解】TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2009)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT:195MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(35MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture.You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY Whilelistening,take notes on the important points.Your notes will not be marked, but you will needthem to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.When the lecture is over,you will begiven two minutes to check your notes,and another ten minutes to complete the gap-fillingtask on ANSWER SHEET e the blank sheet for note-taking. Writing Experimental ReportsI.Content of an experimental report,e.g.---study subject/area---study purpose---____1____II.Presentation of an experimental report---providing details---regarding readers as_____2_____III.Structure of an experimental report---feature:highly structured and____3____---sections and their content:INTRODUCTION____4____;why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out____5____what you think it shows---tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:n introduction to relevant arean necessary background informationn development of clear argumentsn definition of technical termsn precise description of data____8____V.Demands and expectations in report writing---early stage:n understanding of study subject/area and its implicationsn basic grasp of the report's format---later stage:n____9____on research significance---things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:n inadequate materialn____10____of research justification for the studySECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions1to5are based on an interview.At the end of the interview you will be given10seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A.Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B.Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C.Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D.Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.2.The following are job benefits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPTA.becoming familiar with various means of communication.B.learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C.becoming aware of audience expectations.B.practice plus lectures.C.practice plus voice training.D.practice plus speech writing.4.Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPTA.public speakers.B.grammar teachers.C.masters of ceremonies.D.evaluators.5.The interview mainly focuses onA.the background information.B.the description of training courses.C.the requirements of public speaking.D.the overall personal growth.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY.Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions6and7are'based on the foUowing news.At the end of the news item,you will begiven20seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6.Which of the following is the main cause of global warming?A.Fossil fuel.B.Greenhouse gases.C.Increased dryness.D.Violent storm patterns.7.The news item implies that______in the last report.A.there were fewer studies doneB.there were fewer policy proposalsC.there was less agreementD.there were fewer objectivesQuestions8and9are based on the following news.At the end of the news8.The cause of the Indian train accident wasA.terrorist sabotage.B.yet to be determined.ck of communications.D.bad weather.9.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A.The accident occurred on a bridge.B.The accident occurred in New Delhi.C.There were about600casualties.D.Victims were rescued immediately.Question10is based on the following news.At the end of the news item,you will be given10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.10.What is the main message of the news item?A.Young people should seek careers advice.B.Careers service needs to be improved.C.Businesses are not getting talented people.D.Careers advice is not offered on the Intemet.【阅读理解】PART II READING COMPREHENSION(30MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States.In thinking about what was possible fromDelhi or Bangkok later this year,but thought our11-and13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends,who warned that we were putting our children"in danger,"referring vaguely,and most incorrectly,to disease,terrorism or just the unknown.To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing,we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn't change our planning,although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S.State Department's list of troublespots.We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul,but we found the tourist areas quite safe,very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son,whose oft-repeated request is that we not see"every single"church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations weren't needed for the city,but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay.So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth,a precaution that may seem excessive,but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend,we booked a hotel a20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites.This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge,but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen,vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen's view,Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors.They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar,where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks.Doing thiswith younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people;itwould be easy to get lost.For our two,whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques,it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira,not a small matter with its many zeros.been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city,and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children,but a kebab,bought on the street or in restaurants,was unfailingly popular.Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets,kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults'desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately.Gradually,we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly,it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up,such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi,the Ottoman Sultans'palace.No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself,using our guidebook,which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide.Next time,we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip,we wandered through the magnificent complex,with its imperial treasures,its courtyards and its harem.The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef~to a learned third party.11.The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA.the city is not too far away from where they lived.B.the city is not on the list of the U.S.State Department.C.the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D.the city is more familiar than exotic.12.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A.The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B.Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C.They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D.They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13.We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA.they were used to bargaining over price.B.they preferred to buy things outdoors.C.street markets were their favourite.D.they preferred fashion and brand names.D.one has to make arrangements in advance.15.The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA.religious prayers.B.historical buildings.C.local-style markets.D.shopping mall boutiques.TEXT BLast month the first baby-boomers turned60.The bulky generation born between1946and1964is heading towards retirement.The looming"demographic cliff"will see vast numbers ofskilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world.Within the EU the number of workers agedbetween50and64will increase by25%over the next two decades,while those aged20-29willdecrease by20%.In Japan almost20%of the population is already over65, the highest share inthe world.And in the United States the number of workers aged55-64will have increased bymore than half in this decade,at the same time as the35-to44-year-olds decline by10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around65,companies have a loomingproblem of knowledge management,of making sure that the boomers do not leave before theyhave handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address.A survey ofhuman-resources directors by IBM last year concluded:"When the baby-boomer generationretires,many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked outthe door,leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void."Some also face a shortage of expertise.In aerospace and defence,for example,as much asA few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures.Earlierthis year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying inBeverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland,to workfor his engineering company there.Toowoomba today;the rest of the developed worldtomorrow?If you look hard enough,you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace toolder workers.The AARP,an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list ofthe best employers of its members.Health-care firms invariably come near the top because theyare one of the industries most in need of skilled labour.Other sectors similarly affected,says the Conference Board,include oil,gas,energy and government.Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere&Company,a no-nonsenseindustrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois;about35%of Deere's 46,000employees areover50and a number of them are in their70s.The tools it uses to achieve that-flexibleworking,telecommuting,and so forth-also coincidentaUy help older workers to extend theirworking lives.The company spends"a lot of time"on the ergonomics of its factories,makingjobs there less tiring,which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise,for more than a decade,Toyota,arguably the world's most advancedmanufacturer,has adapted its workstations to older workers.The shortage of skilled labouravailable to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers.BMWrecently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ peoplerecruit retiredpeople for particular projects.Ernst&Young,a professional-services firm, has about30,000registered alumni,and about25%of its"experienced"new recruits are former employees whoreturn after an absence.But such examples are unusual.A survey in America last month by Ernst& Young foundthat"although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire,itis not dealing with the issue."Almost three-quarters of the1,400global companies questionedby Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to fiveyears.Yet few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage;and even fewer arelooking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared.Many firms in Europe and Americacomplain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards-this when the pool ofretired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees?Part of the reason is that thecrunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers.Nor is hanging on to older workers theonly way to cope with a falling supply of labour.The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply-whatever the local effect of demographics inthe rich countries.A vast amount of work is being sent offshore to such places as China andIndia and more will go in future.Some countries,such as Australia,are relaxing theirimmigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid theneed for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.16.According to the passage,the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approachingD.its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing.17.The following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageingworkforce EXCEPTA.making places of work accommodate the needs of older workers.ing alumni networks to hire retired former employees.C.encouraging former employees to work overseas.D.granting more convenience in working hours to older workers.18."The company spends'a lot of time'on the ergonomics of its factories" (Paragraph Seven)means thatA.the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories.B.the company improves the working conditions in its factories.C.the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories.D.the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment.19.In the author's opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of theageing workforce mainly becauseA.they have not been aware of the problem.B.they are reluctant to hire older workers.C.they are not sure of what they should do.D.they have other options to consider.20.Which of the following best describes the author's development of argument?A.introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---~describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.B.describing the actual status---introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with theissue---offering reasons.C.citing ways to deal with the issue---introducing the issue----describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.D.describing the actual status--offering reasons---introducing the issue---citing ways todeal with the issue.It has two aspects:that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks.There are various ways in which the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced.Provided that husband and wife are not in the same or directly comparable lines of work,the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by a genial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude.Where there are ranks,it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find some special reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife's.(2)A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocatedomestic tasks if there are children.In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of theunemployed of the Lancashire coalfields:"Practically never...in a working-class home,will yousee the man doing a stroke of the housework.Unemployment has not changed this convention,which on the face of it seems a little unfair.The man is idle from morning to night but the woman is as busy as ever-more so,indeed,because she has to manage with less money.Yet so far as myexperience goes the women do not protest.They feel that a man would lose his manhood if,merely because he was out of work,he developed in a'Mary Ann'."(3)It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes reallysignificant.For this,unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapably time-consuming occupation,and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of than her husband.(4)The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried on with any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and,of course,with all degrees oftentativeness.What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman's response.If she shows interest the engines of persuasion are set in movement.The truth is that in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.(5)What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together,atabrasive and,more indirectly,makes domestic work seem unmanly,if there is to be an equalizing redistribution of economic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistribution of the erotic initiative.If women will no longer let us beat them they must allow us to join them as the blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.21.Paragraph One advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband toA.work in the same sort of job as her husband.B.play down her success,making it sound unimportant.C.stress how much the family gains from her high salary.D.introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home.22.Orwell's picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier (Paragraph Two)describes arelationship which the author of the passageA.thinks is the natural one.B.wishes to see preserved.C.believes is fair.D.is sure must change.23.Which of the following words is used literally,NOT metaphorically?A.Abrasive(Paragraph Five).B.Engines(Paragraph Four).C.Convention(Paragraph Two).D.Heavily(Paragraph One).24.The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs,then they mustA.sometimes make the first advances in love.B.allow men to flirt with many women.C.stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates.D.avoid making their husbands look like"Mary Anns".25.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?A.Men are equally serious about courtship.B.Each man"makes passes"at many women.C.The woman's reaction decides the fate of courtship.D.The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.dropping2,000feet to the valley floor,then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until itopened out to the lush but still daunting foothills of Central Nepal.It was here at Namche that one man broke rank and leaned north,slowly and arduouslyclimbing the steep walls of the natural amphitheater behind the scatter of stone huts,then pastKunde and Khumjong.Despite wearing a balaclava on his head,he had been frequently recognized by the Tibetans,and treated with the gravest deference and respect.Even among those who knew nothing abouthim,expressions of surprise lit up their dark,liquid eyes.He was a man not expected to be there.Not only was his stature substantially greater than that of the diminutive Tibetans,but itwas also obvious from his bearing-and his new broadcloak,which covered a much-too-tightarmy uniform-that he came from a markedly loftier station in life than did the average Tibetan.Among a people virtually bereft of possessions,he had fewer still,consisting solely of a rounded bundle about a foot in diameter slung securely by a cord over his shoulder.The material the bundle was wrapped in was of a rough Tibetan weave,which did not augur that the content wasof any greater value-except for the importance he seemed to ascribe to it, never for a momentreleasing his grip.His objective was a tiny huddle of buildings perched halfway up an enormous valley wallacross from him,atop a great wooded spur jutting out from the lower lap of the22,493-foot AmaDablum,one of the most majestic mountains on earth.There was situated Tengboche,the mostfamous Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas,its setting unsurpassed for magnificenceanywhere on the planet.Dablum is the Gatekeeper,then the sheer cliff of Nuptse,never less than four miles high,is the Final Protector of the highest and mightiest of them all: Chomolongma,the Mother Goddess of the World,to the Tibetans; Sagarmatha,the Head of the Seas,to the Nepalese;and Everest to the rest of us.And over the great barrier of Nuptse She demurely peaks.It was late in the afternoon-when the great shadows cast by the colossal mountains weredescending into the deep valley floors-before he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop just past Tengboche's entrance gompa.His chest heaving in the rarefied air,he removed his hand from the bundle--the first time he had done so-and wiped grimy rivulets of sweat fromaround his eyes with the fingers of his mitted hand.His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds,the pagoda-like monasteryitself,and the stone buildings that tumbled down around it like a protective skirt.In the distance the magic light of the magic hour lit up the plume flying off Chomolongma's29,029-foot-high crest like a bright,welcoming banner.His breathing calmed,he slowly,stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps tothe monastery entrance.There he was greeted with a respectful nameste-"I recognize the divinein you"-from a tall,slim monk of about35years,who hastily set aside a twig broom he hadbeen using to sweep the flagstones of the inner courtyard.While he did so, the visitor noticedthat the monk was missing the small finger on his left hand.The stranger spoke a few formalwords in Tibetan,and then the two disappeared inside.Early the next morning the emissary-lightened of his load-appeared at the monasteryentrance,accompanied by the same monk and the elderly abbot.After a bow of his head,whichwas returned much more deeply by the two ocher-robed residents,he took his leave.The twosolemn monks watched,motionless,until he dipped over the ridge on which the monastery sat,26.Which of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?A."threaded".B."dropping".C."trudged".D."daunting".27.In the passage the contrast between the Tibetans and the man is indicated in all the followingaspects EXCEPTA.clothing.B.height.C.social status.D.personal belongings.28.It can be inferred from the passage that one can get______of the region from themonastery.A.a narrow viewB.a hazy viewC.a distant viewD.a panoramic view29.Which of the following details shows that the man became relaxed after he reached themonastery?A."...he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop..."B."...he removed his hand from the bundle..."C."His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds..."D."...he slowly,stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps..."30.From how it is described in the passage the monastery seems to evokeA.a sense of awe.B.a sense of piety.C.a sense of fear.D.a sense of mystery.【人文知识】PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE(10MIN)31.The Head of State of New Zealand isA.the governor-general.B.the Prime Minister.C.the high commissioner.D.the monarch of the United Kingdom.32.The capital of Scotland isA.Glasgow.B.Edinburgh.C.Manchester.D.London.33.Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A.Thomas Jefferson.B.George Washington.C.Thomas Paine.D.John Adams.34.Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A.Perth.B.Adelaide.C.Sydney.D.Melbourne.35.Ode to the West Windwas written byA.William Blake.B.William Wordsworth.C.Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D.Percy B.Shelley.36.Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A.Ralph Waldo Emerson.B.Walt Whitman.C.Herman MelvilleD.Theodore Dreiser.37.The novel Sons and Lovers was written byA.Thomas Hardy.B.John Galsworthy.production isA.corpus linguistics.B.sociolinguistics.C.theoretical linguistics.D.psycholinguistics.39.A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is calledA.dialect.B.idiolect.C.pidgin.D.register.40.When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking,such as asking someone to open thewindow,he is performingA.an illocutionary act.B.a perlocutionary act.C.a locutionary act.D.none of the above.【改错】PART IV PROOFREADING&ERROR CORRECTION(15MIN) Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.When∧art museum wants a new exhibit,(1)_______it never buys things in finished form and hangs(2)_______them on the wall.When a natural history museumwants an exhibition,it must often build i.(3)_______The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one schoolchild to the next and illustrates the further difference ____1____between school lore and nursery lore.In nursery lore a verse,learntin early childhood,is not usually passed on again when the little listener____2____has grown up,and has children of their own,or even grandchildren.lore,therefore,a rhyme may be excitedly passed on within the very hour____5____it is learnt;and,in the general,it passes between children of the____6____same age,or nearly so,since it is uncommon for the differnce in age between playmates to be more than five years.If,therefore,a playgroundrhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years,or ____7____even just for fifty,it follows that it has been retransmitted overand over,very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three____8____hundred young hearers and tellers,and the wonder is that it remains live____9____after so much handling,to let alone that it bears resemblance to the ____10____original wording.【翻译】PART V TRANSLATION(60MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English.Write your translation onANSWER SHEET THREE.我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。
2009年12月考题Task One: Interpreting from English into ChineseDirections: Please do not do interpreting when you listen to the speech this time.1.Together with my colleges from chang’an and Ford, I want to thankyou for joining us during the inauguration of the most advanced automotive manufacturing plant in China.我携长安福特的全体同仁对莅临中国最先进的汽车制造厂的落成典礼（开幕式）的各位嘉宾表示衷心的感谢。
2.In just four short years, Chang’an Ford Automobile has madephenomenal progress in delivering great market success. This is a result of the shared vision and determination of the partners.在短短的四年间，长安福特汽车在占有市场份额中取得了骄人的进步。
这要归功于股东们的高瞻远瞩和正确决策。
3.The world’s first automobile assembly line began operation at Ford’splant over 106 years ago. And what a journey it has been since then—bringing us all the way here to celebrate this milestone today.世界上第一条汽车生产线在福特公司启动已逾106年，这是怎样辉煌的一段历程，使我们今天有机会为这样一个里程碑似的日子举行庆典。
2009年专八英语作文真题-方言在公众场合使用China's State Administration of Radio Film and Television (SARFT) recently issued a notice banning domestic radio and TV stations from translating foreign radio and TV programmes into any local dialect. The notice said that such dialect translation contradicts the national initiative to promote Putonghua, or Mandarin, around the country. Foreign programmes that have been translated into dialects must be removed from television and radio immediately. The notice evoked a mixed response from experts and audio and video producers, as well as the general public. Many voiced their concerns that local dialects would be forbidden in public places. Mandarin, which means "common language", is the country's predominant language and is widely used by more than 70 percent of the population. However, local dialects still enjoy popularity for relatively less-educated people in some occasions. The dialects do make unique role and should be tolerated for existence in public places.Though promoted widely in public places, dialects are acceptable in public places. First, it is more than a mere tool for communication. It is, most importantly, the messenger of its respective culture. If the dialect was eliminated from daily use, the culture will be broken. Second, Mandarin can absorb the elit part of local dialect to enrich its vocabulary and usage. This is the perfection of Mandarin from thousands of years blend and contact. The dialects can also be popular in the public. Along with the famous short play by comic actors in NE China, the local dialect came into the spotlight, and enjoyed more popularity throughout China. Such a cultural phenomenon represents theaudience an attitude to local dialects which cater to the taste of the majority. Third, dialect is the only mean of communication to some undereducated local people. If local dialects are forbidden in the public places, they cannot communicate.To sum up, local dialects should be tolerated in public places for its unique role which Mandarin cannot substitute. We should guarantee its survival because dialects stand for our spiritual land. From a long-term perspective, dialects should not and would not be wiped out. There is no need for any purposeful and deliberate attempt to protect dialects. Just let dialects take their natural course. The best way to protect a dialect is to use it in daily life and pass it down from generation to generation.。
2014年英语专八考试汉译英部分真题当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。
可是，我也愿意升学。
我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。
只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。
入学，要交十圆的保证金。
这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。
当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。
我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
中译英部分参考译文After I graduated from primary school, relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress, I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms, books, room and board. To enter the school, I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However, after two weeks’ tough effort, mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation, mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her, "you can have a rest in the future." but she replied nothing, only with tears streaming down her face.点评：本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2009)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 115 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is(are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C, and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to Part One of the interview.1. A. It was founded in 1942. B. It aims to develop writing skills.C. It is located in California.D. The location of its branches.2. A. To maximize its interests. B. To improve one’s public speaking skills.C. To improve people’s mental health.D. To help people to become sociable.3. A. Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B. Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C. Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D. Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.4. A. Becoming familiar with various means of communication.B. Learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C. Becoming aware of audience expectations.D. Learning how to get along with friends.5. A. Listening to others’ opinions. B. Waiting for your turn to speak.C. Speak out your ideas in an organized way.D. Getting useful feedback.Now listen to Part Two of the interview.6. A. Practice plus B. Practice plus C. Practice plus D. Practice plus7. A. A basic menu will be provided to students.B. People can learn how to use different tones or volumes of sounds when giving a speech.C. The assignments exclude preparing speeches and presenting speeches.D. It is designed to serve different purposes.8. A. Public speakers. B. Grammar teachers. C. Masters of ceremonies.D. Evaluators.9. A. Self-confidence. B. Better communication skills.C. Special techniques of delivering speeches.D. Skills of leadership.10. A. The background information. B. The description of training courses.C. The requirements of public speaking.D. The overall personal growth.PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEWe had been wanting to expand our children’s horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we’d been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11-and l3-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn’t foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children “in danger,” referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn’t change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department’s list of trouble-spots. We didn’t see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see “every single”church and museum in a given city.V accinations weren’t needed for the city, but we were concerned about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul’s major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen’s view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques,it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children’s curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults’ desire to try something new amid children’s insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans’ palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook, which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily left to a learned third party.11. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.12. W e learn from the couple’ s shopping experience back home that ____________.A. they were used to bargaining over priceB. they preferred to buy things outdoorsC. street markets were their favouriteD. they preferred fashion and brand names13. T he last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in Istanbul ____________.A. guidebooks are very usefulB. a professional guide is a mustC. one has to be prepared for questionsD. one has to make arrangements in advance14. T he family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPT ____________.A. religious prayersB. historical buildingsC. local-style marketsD. shopping mall boutiquesPASSAGE TWOLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming “demographic cliff” will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers aged between 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share in the world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, atthe same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by BM last year concluded: “When the baby-boomer generation retires, many companies will find out too late that a career s worth of experience has walked out the door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void.”Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as 40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlier this year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying in Beverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to work for his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed world tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list of the best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARP’s latest list comes Deere & Company, a no-nonsense industrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deere’s 46,000 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that—flexible working, telecommuting, and so forth—also coincidentally help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends “a lot of time” on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world’s most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45. Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. BM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst & Y oung, a professional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its “experienced” new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst & Y oung found that “although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire, it is not dealing with the issue.” Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Y et few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage, and even fewer are looking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards—this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the crunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers. Nor is hanging on to older workers the only way to cope with a falling supply of labour. The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply—whatever the local effect of demographics in the rich countries. A vast amount ofwork is being sent offshore to such places as China and India and more will go in future. Some countries, such as Australia, are relaxing their immigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid the need for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.15. A ccording to the passage, the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approaching retirementwould be ____________.A. a loss of knowledge and experience to many companiesB. a decrease in the number of 35- to 44-year-oldsC. a continuous increase in the number of 50- to 64-year-oldsD. its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing16. T he following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageing workforceEXCEPT ____________.A. making places of work accommodate the needs of older workersB. using alumni networks to hire retired former employeesC. encouraging former employees to work overseasD. granting more convenience in working hours to older workers17. I n the author’ s opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of the ageingworkforce mainly because ____________.A. they have not been aware of the problemB. they are reluctant to hire older workersC. they are not sure of what they should doD. they have other options to consider18. W hich of the following best describes the author’s development of argument?A. introducing the issue →citing ways to deal with the issue →describing the actual status →offering reasons.B. describing the actual status → introducing the issue →citing ways to deal with the issue →offering reasons.C. citing ways to deal with the issue → introducing the issue →describing the actual status →offering reasons.D. describing the actual status → offering reasons → introducing the issue → citing ways to dealwith the issue.PASSAGE THREEThe other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife. It has two aspects: that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks. There are various ways in which the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced. Provided that husband and wife are not in the same or directly comparable lines of work, the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by a genial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude. Where there are ranks, it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find some special reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife’s.A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocate domestic tasks if there are children. In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of the unemployed of the Lancashire coalfields: “Practically never … in a working-class home, will you see the man doing a strokeof the housework. Unemployment has not changed this convention, which on the face of it seems a little unfair. The man is idle from morning to night but the woman is as busy as ever—more so, indeed, because she has to manage with less money. Y et so far as my experience goes the women do not protest. They feel that a man would lose his manhood if, merely because he was out of work, he developed in a ‘Mary Ann’”It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes really significant. For this, unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapably time-consuming occupation, and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of than her husband.The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried on with any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and, of course, with all degrees of tentativeness. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman’s response. If she shows interest the engines of persuasion are set in movement. The truth is that in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together, at work and away from it, the more the comprehensive amorousness of men towards women will have to go, despite all its past evolutionary services. For it is this that makes inferiority at work abrasive and, more indirectly, makes domestic work seem unmanly. If there is to be an equalizing redistribution of economic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistribution of the erotic initiative. If women will no longer let us beat them they must allow us to join them as the blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.19. W hich of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. Abrasive (Paragraph Five).B. Engines (Paragraph Four).C. Convention (Paragraph Two).D. Heavily (Paragraph One).20. T he last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they must ____________.A. sometimes make the first advances in loveB. allow men to flirt with many womenC. stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolatesD. avoid making their husbands look like “Mary Anns”21. W hich of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?A. Men are equally serious about courtship.B. Each man “makes passes” at many women.C. The woman’s reaction decides the fate of courtship.D. The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.PASSAGE FOURFrom Namche Bazaar, the Sherpa capital at 12,000 feet, the long line threaded south, dropping 2,000 feet to the valley floor, then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until it opened out to the lush but still daunting foothills of Central Nepal.It was here at Namche that one man broke rank and leaned north, slowly and arduously climbing the steep walls of the natural amphitheater behind the scatter of stone huts, then past Kunde and Khumjong.Despite wearing a balaclava on his head, he had been frequently recognized by the Tibetans, and treated with the gravest deference and respect. Even among those who knew nothing about him, expressions of surprise lit up their dark, liquid eyes. He was a man not expected to be there.Not only was his stature substantially greater than that of the diminutive Tibetans, but it was also obvious from his bearing—and his new broad-cloak, which covered a much-too-tight army uniform—that he came from a markedly loftier station in life than did the average Tibetan. Among a people virtually bereft of possessions, he had fewer still, consisting solely of a rounded bundle about a foot in diameter slung securely by a cord over his shoulder. The material the bundle was wrapped in was of a rough Tibetan weave, which did not augur that the content was of any greater value—except for the importance he seemed to ascribe to it, never for a moment releasing his grip.His objective was a tiny huddle of buildings perched halfway up an enormous valley wall across from him, atop a great wooded spur jutting out from the lower lap of the 22,493-foot Ama Dablum, one of the most majestic mountains on earth. There was situated Tengboche, the most famous Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas, its setting unsurpassed for magnificence anywhere on the planet.From the top of the spur, one’s eyes sweep 12 miles up the stupendous Dudh Kosi canyon to the six-mile-long granite wall of cliff of Nuptse at its head. If Ama Dablum is the Gatekeeper, then the sheer cliff of Nuptse, never less than four miles high, is the Final Protector of the highest and mightiest of them all: Chomolongma, the Mother Goddess of the World, to the Tibetans; Sagarmatha, the Head of the Seas, to the Nepalese; and Everest to the rest of us. And over the great barrier of Nuptse She demurely peaks.It was late in the afternoon—when the great shadows cast by the colossal mountains were descending into the deep valley floors—before he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop just past Tengboche’s entrance gompa. His chest heaving in the rarefied air, he removed his hand from the bundle—the first time he had done so—and wiped grimy rivulets of sweat from around his eyes with the fingers of his mitted hand.His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds, the pagoda-like monastery itself, and the stone buildings that tumbled down around it like a protective skirt. In the distance the magic light of the magic hour lit up the plume flying off Chomolongma’s 29029-foot-high crest like a bright, welcoming banner.His breathing calmed, he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps to the monastery entrance. There he was greeted with a respectful nameste—“I recognize the divine in you”—from a tall, slim monk of about 35 years, who hastily set aside a twig bro0m he had been using to sweep the flagstones of the inner courtyard. While he did so, the visitor noticed that the monk was missing the small finger on his left hand. The stranger spoke a few formal words in Tibetan, and then the two disappeared inside.Early the next morning the emissary—lightened of his load—appeared at the monastery entrance, accompanied by the same monk and the elderly abbot. After a bow of his head, which was returned much more deeply by the two ocher-robed residents, he took his leave. The two solemn monks watched, motionless, until he dipped over the ridge on which the monastery sat, and out of sight.Then, without a word, they turned and went back inside the monastery.22. W hich of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?A. “threaded”.B. “dropping”.C. “trudged”.D. “daunting”.23. I n the passage the contrast between the Tibetans and the man is indicated in all the following aspectsEXCEPT ____________.A. clothingB. heightC. social statusD. personal belongings24. W hich of the following details shows that the man became relaxed after he reached the monastery?A. “… he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop …”B. “… he removed his hand from the bundle …”C. “His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds …”D. “… he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps …”SECTION B SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short-answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS in the space on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25. W hy did the couple choose Istanbul as their holiday destination?PASSAGE TWO26. What does “The company spends ‘a lot of time’ on the ergonomics of its factories” (Paragraph Seven)mean?PASSAGE THREE27. W hat’s the author’s advice to the working wife who is more successful than her husband?28. W hat does “Mary Ann” in the second paragraph probably mean?29. W hat’s the author’s attitude towards the relationship between man and wife in Wigan Pier pictured byOrwell?PASSAGE FOUR30. W hat does “daunting” in the first paragraph probably mean?31. W hat kind of view can we get about this region from the monastery?32. A ccording to the description of the monastery, what kind of sense can we get about it?PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN] The passage contains Ten errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct onein the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign and write the word you believe to be missingin the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “ / ” and putthe word in the blank provided at the end of the line. EXAMPLEWhen ∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.PART IV TRANSLATION [25 MIN]Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。
2009年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2009)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT:150MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture.You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY.While listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now,listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.Writing Experimental Reports【答案与解析】(1)study result/findings细节题。
这篇演讲稿主要是介绍如何写实验报告。
在第二段中，作者提到“All report is,...like what you did，why you did it，what you found out in the process and so on”，从中可以得出实验报告的内容包括研究主题(what you did）、研究目的(why youdid it）以及研究结果(what you found out）。
2009年英语专业八级考试真题（3）A less visible but equally significant trend a affected pensions. To make costs easier to control, companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans, which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future, to defined contribution plans, which specify only how much goes into the play today. The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the 401(k). the significance ofThe 401(k) is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee. Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested- the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the emplo yee retires.Which brings us back to Enron? Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’ 401(k) accounts. That is, the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it. Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s 401(k) contribution with company stock, so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio; but that could be regarded as a freebie, since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all.At least two special features complicate the Enron case. First, some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems, prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold. Second, Enron’s 401(k) accounts w ere locked while the company changed plan administrators in October, when the stock was falling, so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to.But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock. Many had placed 100% of their 401(k) assets in the stock rather than in the 18 other investment options they were offered. Of course that wasn’t prudent, but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’’ retirement disa ster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security. That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible. The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation. The shift back may take just as long. It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a 20th- century quirk, and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that, like most people in most times and places, they’re on their own26. why does the author say at the beginning “The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A. Because the company has gone bankrupt.B. Because such events would never happen again.C. Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.D. Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.√27. According to the passage, the combined efforts by governments, layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA. people’s outlook on life.√B. people’s life styles.C. people’s living standardD. people’s social values.28. Changes in pension schemes were also part ofA. the corporate lay-offs.B. the government cuts in welfare spending.√C. the economic restructuring.D. the warning power of labors unions.29. Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly becauseA. The 401(k) made them responsible for their own future.B. Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.√C. their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D. Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.30. Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A. 401(k) assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B. Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C. Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D. Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers.√PART Ⅲ GENERAL KNOWLEDGE(10 MIN)31. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPTA. the AnglosB. the CeltsC. the Jutes √D. the Saxons32. The Head of State of Canada is represented byA. the MonarchB. the PresidentC. the Prime MinisterD. the Governor-general √33. The Declaration of Independence was written byA. Thomas Jefferson √B. George WashingtonC. Alexander HamiltonD. James Madison34. The original inhabitants of Australia wereA. the Red IndiansB. the EskimosC. the Aborigines √D. the Maoris35. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?A. Oliver TwistB. MiddlemarchC. Jane EyreD. Wuthering Heights √36. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright.A. AmericanB. CanadianC. Irish √D. Australian37. Death of a Salesman was written byA. Arthur Miller √B. Ernest HemingwayC. Ralph EllisonD. James Baldwin38. _______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.A. PhonologyB. Morphology √C. SemanticsD. Sociolinguistics39. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPTA. lexicalB. syntacticC. phonologicalD. psycholinguistic √40. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.” This is an example ofA. widening of meaning √B. narrowing of meaningC. meaning shiftD. loss of meaning。
001995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对―重要‖和―不重要‖的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到―小事‖的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：themeNOUN θiːm1 the subject or main idea in a talk, piece of writing or work of artThe stories are all variations on the theme of unhappy marriage.However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the tastier they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is ―important‖ and what is not.E-C原文Rural ADJECTIVEˈrʊərəl [US UALLY BEFORE NOUN]connected with or like the countrysiderural areasa rural economyrural Americaa rural way of life对比I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of streetgarbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbors’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbors who barter their skills and labor. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense of self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meanness in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as ―part of us.‖Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are sadly more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。
70年代以来，中国实行严格的计划生育政策。
5年之后，也就是2013年第一代独生子女家庭中的父母将会超过65岁。
由此，中国在不久的将来面临着独生子女家庭中父母辈的养老问题。
近几年，中国的老人数量不断增多。
2007年底，中国60岁以上老人的数量达到了1.53亿，占所有人口的11.6%。
不少老人将来要去养老院生活。
Famielienplanung/Geburtenregelung, mit etw. konfrontiert sein/sich sehen, UnterhaltsproblemDie technologischen Innovationen der Dritten industriellen Revolution fanden zu einer Zeit statt, als der Durchbruch der Zweiten noch nicht einmal vollzogen war. Dabei lässt sich die jeweilige Qualität der drei großen industriellen Entwicklungsschübe hinsichtlich der Tätigkeit im kapitalistischen Produktionsprozess leicht kennzeichnen: Bestand der Hauptinhalt der Ersten industriellen Revolution darin, menschliche Muskelkraft durch Maschinenkraft zu ersetzen, so lag das Charakteristikum der Zweiten industriellen Revolution darin, die im Maschinensystem tätige menschliche Arbeitskraft zu …rationalisieren“ oder gleichsam zu robotisieren. Das zentrale Merkmal der Dritten industriellen Revolution konnte dann nur noch sein, die menschliche Arbeitskraft im industriellen Produktionsprozess überhaupt überflüssig zu machen, sie durch gesteuerte Automaten und Informationssysteme …wegzurationalisieren“. Dafür waren zwei Innovationen von Bedeutung: Zum einen bedurfte es einer neuen Form von …Organisationswissenschaft“, zum ander n bedurfte es einer neuen Art von Maschine, nämlich der elektronischen Rechenmaschine.第十章设备、原材料的购买第二十六条合营公司所需设备、零配件、原辅材料、通讯设施、交通和办公用品等，在条件相同的情况下，优先在中国购买。
英语专业八级翻译练习题（一）The Rewards of Living a Solitary LifeThe other day an acquaintance of mine, a gregarious and charming man, told me he had found himself unexpectedly alone in New York for an hour or two between appointments. He went to the Whitney and spent the "empty" time looking at things in solitary bliss. For him it proved to be a shock nearly as great as falling in love to discover that he could enjoy himself so much alone.参考译文：独自生活的报偿前些日子，我的一个熟人，一位热爱交际并很受欢迎的男士告诉我，他在纽约的两个约会之间偶然有一两个小时的空闲，他便去了惠特尼博物馆，四处浏览着展品，无比幸福的度过了那些时光。
发现自已独自一人，也能如此的幸福，他感觉像坠入爱河那般震惊。
英语专业八级翻译练习题（二）What had he been afraid of, I asked myself? That, suddenly alone, he would discover that he bored himself, or that there was, quite simply, no self there to meet? But having taken the plunge, he is now on the brink of adventure; he is about to be launched into his own inner space to the astronaut. His every perception will come to him with a new freshness and, for a time, seem startlingly original.参考译文：“他一直在害怕什么呢？”，我问自已。
