动词ing的被动语态

教学过程一、复习预习一、概念1、v-ing形式的种类功用和各种形式：V-ing 包括动名词和现在分词两种,分别可作：主语、宾语、表语; 动名词定语、状语、宾/主语补足语现在分词注意：其否定形式是在其前边加：not/never.其各种形式如下表：被动式用法及种类当v-in g与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时,要用其被动式, v-ing的被动式有两种：一般被动式：being done；完成被动式：having been done; V-ing形式的被动式包括动名词被动式和现在分词的被动式两种;二、知识讲解考点/易错点1动名词的被动式动名词的被动式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语,且在句中只表被动,不表进行;1、作主语So being killed by sharks was a common thing. 因此被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事;Being laughed at in public is a terrible thing.在公共场合下被嘲笑是件可怕的事;Being exposed to the sun does harm to health.暴漏在阳光下对身体有害;The president’s being killed led to serious consequences.总统被杀导致了严重后果;2、作宾语V-ing形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语;He was afraid of _________________ abandon by did it without ___________ ask You can’t eat anything before _____________operate onI remember having been told the story.3、作表语What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.使孩子最为担心的是他不被允许到医院看母亲;What I hate most is ________________ laugh atThe problem is for from _______________ settle注意：①动名词的被动式作主语和表语时,常用其一般式being done,不习惯用完成式；但作宾语时,若其动作发生谓语动词之前或强调动作已经发生,可用其完成式having been done;如：I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad.我很感激能被给与到国外留学的机会;②动名词的被动式在句中作主、宾、表时,其特点是只表被动,不表进行;③动名词的被动式作主、宾、表时,有时可采用其复合结构形式,即：名词所有格/形容性物主代词+ being done;如：Tom’s being admitted to college is a big surprise for us.汤姆被大学入取让我们很是惊讶;The discovery of new evidence led to his being caught.新证据的发现导致他被捕;现在分词的被动式现在分词的被动式常句中作宾补和定语,一般不作状语除个别情形例外；在句中既表被动又表进行.1、作宾补现在分词的被动式being done作宾补时,表示正在进行的被动的动作,常与感官动词连用;I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom.You’ll find the topic _______________ discuss everywhere now.As we approached the village we saw new houses _____________ build注意：与过去分词作宾补的区别：过去分词作宾补表示动作已完成.2、作定语现在分词的被动式being done作定语时时,表示正在进行的被动的动作;The meeting ______________ discuss now is very important.He asked who was the girl _____________ operateon in the operating room.注意：①现在分词的被动式作后置定语时,表示正在进行的被动的动作；过去分词作后置定语表示已经发生的被动的动作；不定式的被动式作后置定语表示未发生或即将发生的被动的动作;如：a meeting being held now 正在被举行的会议a meeting heldyesterday 昨天举行的会议a meeting to be held tomorrow 明天将举行的会议②现在分词的被动完成式having been done 不能做定语和宾补;The building having been built last year ×The building built last year √We found him having been killed. ×We found him killed √考点/易错点2现在分词的被动完成式having been done 作状语当分词与句子的主语构成被动关系,且此分词动作明确地发生在句子的谓语动词之前或持续发生一段时间或持续发生多次时可用现在分词的被动完成式having been done 作状语;Having been shown around the classroom, we were taken to visit the lab.被领着参观了教室后,我们又被带着参观了实验室;Having been told the news, they put off the trip.被告知此消息后,他们取消了这次旅;Having been separated for many years by the war, they couldn’t recognize each other. 因战争而分离多年后,他们都认不出对方了;Having been told many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do it.尽管被告知多次了,那个小男孩他仍然不知如何去做;注意：①若分词有自己独立的主语可构成独立主格结构;The work having been done,they left the office.All the exam papers having been handed in, the teacher sent the students home.②在这种独立主格结构中,用现在分词的被动完成式形式与用过去分词形式差别不大;而为了简洁,习惯采用过去分词形式,如上面两句常表达成：The work done,they left the office.All the exam papers handed in, the teacher sent the students home.注意：过去分词作状语与现在分词的被动完成式的区别：二者作状语时,都表示与句子的主语构成被动关系,区别不大,可以互换;但是在这种情况下,为了简洁,还是习惯采用过去分词形式作状语;Asked=Having been asked to work overtime,I missed a wonderful film.由于昨晚被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影;Polluted =Having been polluted seriously, the water in the river was not safe to drink.但是如果强调分词动作发生在句子的谓语动词之前或强调分词动作持续发生多次发或持续一段时间还是习惯采用现在分词的被动完成式having been done 作状语,但终归区别还是不大;Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistakes.尽管被告诉了多次,他还是犯同样的错误;考点/易错点3动名词的主动形式表被动意义①在want,need,require,deserve等动词之后作宾语时,常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义;②在beworth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义;His suggestion is worth considering.③在allow,advise,forbid,permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,如果后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语;如：We don’t allow smoking here. 我们不允许在这儿抽烟We don’t allow students to smoke here.我们不允许学生抽烟三、例题精析例题1题干_______ to sunlight for too much tim e will do harm to one’s skin. 上海, 2002 A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposeD. After being exposed答案C解析本句中expose与one's skin是动宾关系,根据句意,应该是皮肤被暴露在阳光下,所以要用动词-ing形式的被动形式作主语,故答案为C;例题2题干The bird ___ escaped. I didn’t mind at home.答案being caught being left解析V-ing形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语;例题3题干_________ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film.A. Having been toldB. Having toldC. Been toldD. Telling答案A解析先被告诉了故事的内容再决定不去看电影,分词动作发生在句子的谓语动词之前四、课堂运用基础1. ________ that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain.A. Having toldB. Having been toldC. TellD. Telling2.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ________.A. catchingB. to be caughtC. being caughtD. to catch答案：A C解析：1.动名词的完成被动式表示非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前;2.被抓住,所以用动名词的一般被动式巩固1.________ many times, he finally understood it.B. TellingC. Having toldD. Having been told2. Your car needs ____________fill. 你这车要充气This city deserves _____________visit. 这座城市值得光顾一下;The problem requires ___________ studycarefully.这个问题需要认真研究;The trees want ___________ water.这些树需要浇水了;答案：2．filling visiting studying watering解析：1尽管被告诉了多次,他还是犯同样的错误;被告诉发生在犯错误之前2.在want,need,require,deserve等动词之后作宾语时,常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义;拔高1. __________ by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.A. Having been misunderstood misunderstoodC. Having understoodD. Misunderstood2. Tony was very unhappy for _________ to the party. 2000, 上海A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC. having not invitedD. not having been invite3The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _________ at the end of last March.A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. being launchedD. to be launched 答案：解析：现在分词的被动完成式having been done 作状语,当分词与句子的主语构成被动关系,且此分词动作明确地发生在句子的谓语动词之前或持续发生一段时间或持续发生多次时可用现在分词的被动完成式having been done 作状语;课程小结1、V-ing的一般被动式being done可作主语、宾语、表语、后置定语、补语,一般不作状语; 作主语、宾语、表语时是动名词的用法,只表被动不表进行；作后置定语、宾/主补语时是现在分词的用法,既表被动又表进行;2、现在分词的被动完成式having been done,只表被动不表进行,可作宾语和状语,表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作;3、V-ing的一般被动式being done一般不用作状语,因为过去分词形式已经替代它作了状语;所以像这句话：Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.这种表达不常见,习惯性表达是把Being去掉, 而且这种表达也不作为考试测试中的依据;课后作业基础请看下列句子,看看动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分;1. So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence.2. He didn’t mind being left at home.3. That building being repaired is our library.4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away巩固将下列句子翻译成英语;1. 他受不了别人那样开他的玩笑;2. 这问题远远没有解决;3. 没有谁请他做,是他自己做的;4. 在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西;5. 既然已做出了决定,下个问题就是如何制定一个好的计划;拔高改错Losing in thought, he went to home at night. Walking on a dark road, His head was hit by a fallen glass. His head was badly injured. Having suffering the great pain, he went to the hospital at once. Having trained for a week, he wentill. Now he still regrets to walk carelessly.答案基础1主语2宾语3定语4状语5状语巩固1. He could not bear being made fun of like that.2. This question is far from being settled.3. He did it without being asked.4. You can’t eat anything before being operated on.5. The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a goodplan拔高.1. losing--- lost2. he walking3. having 删除4. having been trained5. walking。

动词-ing形式小结动词-ing形式概述v.-ing 形式包括传统语法的现在分词和动名词两部分，像动词不定式一样，它既具有动词时态和语态的特征，又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。

动词-ing形式的时态、语态主动语态被动语态一般式 writing being written完成式 having written having been written否定式 not writingv.-ing形式的一般式V.-ing形式的一般式的构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词动作的同时、之前或之后。

用来泛指动作，没有时间的区分。

Seeking after knowledge is human nature．求知是人的本性。

Travelling abroad can widen one’s outlook．出国旅游会扩大人们的视野。

Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth．吃太多的巧克力对你的牙齿有害。

My favourite sport is playing table tennis．我最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。

行为与主要动作同时发生，表示伴随。

The students came into the classroom laughing and talking．学生们又说又笑地走进了教室。

As she saw me，she came over smiling．她看到我时，笑容可掬地走过来。

Doing the washing up，Connie was planning her holiday．康妮在洗碗的时刻盘算着怎样度假。

行为在主要动作之前或之后。

Antonio remembered sending his mother an email three times last month．安东尼记得上个月给他母亲发了三次电子邮件．(在前)Mr. Lee went out shutting the door behind him．李先生出去后将门随手关上。

动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式，因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。

从时态上讲，动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式和完成式两种，即being done和having been done.动名词的被动形式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、和宾补；现在分词的被动形式在句中可作宾补、定语、表语和状语。

一，动词－ing形式的一般式和完成式1.一般式表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

That building being repaired is our library. 正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。

She insisted on being given the hardest work. 她坚持被派给最艰苦的工作。

2.完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

Having bee invited, Mr Li went there to make a speech though he was busy.被邀请后，李先生尽管很忙，还是去了那儿做了演讲。

I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.我非常感谢两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。

二，动词－ing形式被动式的否定形式，是在其前面加not.He was unhappy for not having been invited to the party.没有被邀请参加聚会，他感到很不高兴。

三，动名词的被动形式1.当动名词的逻辑主语是这个动名词所表示的动作的承受者时，动名词一般要用被动形式。

Being exposed to the nuclear radiation for long will do great harm to one’s health.长时间暴露在核辐射下会对人体健康造成很大的伤害。

The girl was annoyed by being left alone.让她一个人待着，这个女孩很恼火。

动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。

可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。

一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类A.动词-ing形式的一般式主动语态为动词+ing 被动语态为being+动词过去分词1. 动词-ing形式的一般式主动形式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。

Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。

2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。

They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。

She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。

3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。

I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。

He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。

B. 动词-ing形式的完成式动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。

I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。

及物动词的-ing分词有主动语态和被动语态两种形式:主动语态形式表示-ing分词说明的名词或代词是它表示的动作的执行者，被动语态形式表示-ing分词说明的名词或代词是它表示的动作的承受者。

被动语态-ing分词也有两种体貌形式:一般体和完成体。

被动语态一般体-ing分词由助动词be的一般体-ing分词being加主动词的-en形式构成，通常表示限定动词表示的时间的同时的动作，也可以表示限定动词表示的时间之前的动作。

例如:Tracy was furious at being denied admittance.Do you know the boy being questioned by the policeman?Being asked (=Having been asked) t o say something, he has to stand up.被动语态完成体-ing分词由助动词be的完成体-ing分词havingbeen加主动词的-en形式构成，表示限定动词表示的时间之前的动作。

例如:I could not recall having been told about that before.Having been asked to join them, I couldn’t very well refuse.普通动词get的-ing分词也可以用作-ing分词的被动语态助动词。

例如:It was difficult getting acquainted with her.I wouldn’t take the slightest risk of getting trapped inside.-ing分词的主动语态和被动语态有时可以转换，但需注意-ing分词的逻辑主语。

例如:I don’t mind you criticizing me.→I don’t mind being criticized.Nancy can’t bear anybody laughing at her.→Nancy can’t bear being laughed at.-ing分词的被动语态形式比主动语态形式复杂，因此在不致引起误解的情况下常常用主动语态形式表示被动意义，有时还必须用主动语态形式表示被动意义:1.作形容词worth的宾语时，必须用主动语态形式表示被动意义。

动词i n g的被动语态集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）动词i n g形式的被动结构动词ing形式包括动名词和现在分词两种形式，因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。

一、动名词的被动语态1．当动名词逻辑上的主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象时，动名词一般要用它的被动式。

He can't stand being laughed at. 他忍受不了被别人嘲笑。

So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 因此那时给鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。

2．动名词的主动形式表被动含义(1)在want，need，require，deserve等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。

The radio needs repairing.＝The radio needs to be repaired. 这台收音机需要修理了。

(2)be worth后常跟动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。

The book is worth reading again.＝The book is worthy of being read again. 这本书值得再读一遍。

My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提一下二、现在分词的被动语态其构成为being/having been＋过去分词。

如果现在分词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，则应用现在分词的被动形式。

The building being built is our library. 正在被建的这座楼是我们的图书馆。

Having been given the good chance，how could I give it up？既然给了这么好的机会，我又怎么能放弃？注意：当分词所表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生或正在进行，则用being＋过去分词；当分词所表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生则用having been＋过去分词。

一. 动词-ing形式的构成:doing时态和语态:一般式: done, not doing完成式: having done, not having done被动形式:being done, not being doneHaving been done, not having done二.功能1. 作主语(谓语动词用单数)(1).直接作主语Playing with fire is dangerous.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.(2).用it 作形式主语It is no use trying to persuade him.It is a waste of time arguing about it.2.作表语:说明主语的性特征或具体内容The dinner looks inviting.晚餐很诱人.His job is delivering newspapers.注:主系表结构中的主语和表语需用同类的非谓语动词,即主语和表语都是动词不定式或都是动词-ing形式To see is to believe.Keeping is harder than winning.创业不易,守业更难.3.作定语:可作前置定语和后置定语(相当于一个定语从句)单个动词-ing形式作定语,一般置于被修饰的名词之前,有两个主要作用(1). 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能a smoking room=a room which is used for smokinga sleeping car=a car which is used for sleepinga walking stick=a stick which is used to help you walk(2).表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态a sleeping baby=a baby who is sleeping后置定语作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语,则应放在被修饰的词的后面The building being built now is a hospital.4.作宾语:用在动词和介词后面You had better avoid going there.A parrot learns new words by copying what people say.5. 作宾语补足语:谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,宾语往往是动词- ing形式的逻辑主语(1).在表示感觉和心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语,如:hear, feel, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, smell, watch He saw the children playing in the yard.(2).表示”致使”等意义的后,如:catch, have, get, keep, set, leaveI am sorry to have kept you waiting for me for so long.The joke set everybody laughing.注:这种结构如使用被动语态,动词-ing形式便是主语补足语He was seen going upstairs.6.作状语(1).表时间While( he was) reading the book, he nodded from time to time.Turning around=(when she turned around),she saw a car driving up.(2).表原因Having lived in London for years (=because I have lived…),I almost know every place quite well.(3).表结果The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.(=and left nothing valuable). (4).表条件Being more careful (=if you are more careful), you can make fewer mistakes.(5)表让步Knowing all this (=although they knew all this), they made me pay for the damage.(6).表行为方式,伴随情况或补充说明He was walking along the street, looking this way and that.(7).修饰形容词It was freezing cold that day.(8).动词-ing形式作插入语,在句中作独立成分Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.Generally speaking, Chinese prefer tea to coffee.三．常见结构1.do doing：表示进行某一活动I have done writing.Does she do any cooking at home?2.go doing:表示去从事某项活动Why don’t you go shopping tomorrow?They went hunting yesterday.3.there is no doing=it is impossible to do”不可能“There is no telling what may happen.4.no doing:常出现在公共场所，提醒人们不要做某事No spitting!No talking during the movie!5.it goes without saying that:”不用说“It goes without saying that diligence is the key to success.6.can’t help doing:”情不自禁，不得不“She couldn’t help bursting into tears.7.on doing:相当于as soon as 引导的状语从句，”一…就“On seeing the police, they ran away.8.be on the point of doing=be about to do,表示很快就要发生的动作I was on the point of leaving home when the phone rang.9.be worth doing=be worthy of being done/be worthy to be done”值得做某事“- -、。

动词-ing形式的被动语态
1.将动词的主动形式改为-ing形式。

例如，将"write"改为"writing"。

2.在-ing形式的动词前加上"be"的适当形式。

例如，如果主动形式的动词是"write"，则被动形式为"be written"。

3.如果需要，可以根据句子的时态和语态调整"be"的形式。

例如，根据时态和语态的要求，"be"的形式可能是"is"、"was"、"has been"等等。

以下是一些例句来说明动词-ing形式的被动语态的使用。

1.主动形式：___.
被动形式：The picture is being painted by her.
2.主动形式：They are cleaning the house.
被动形式：The house is being ___.
需要注意的是，动词-ing形式的被动语态通常用来强调动作的接受者，而不是执行者。

所以在使用时要根据句子的语境和需要，选择适当的语态来表达意思。

希望以上内容能对您理解动词-ing形式的被动语态有所帮助。

如果有任何问题，请随时告诉我。

动词-ing形式的被动式在上个单元我们学习了动词不定式的被动式，今天我们一起来学习动词-ing形式的被动式。

[看一看] 请看下列句子，看看动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分。

1. So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence.2. He didn’t mind being left at home.3. That building being repaired is our library.4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?[讲一讲]动词-ing形式的被动式在句中可以作主语（如句1）、作宾语（如句2）、作定语（如句3）、作状语（如句4和句5）。

此外，动词-ing形式的被动式还可以在句中构成复合宾语。

如：You’ll find the topic being discussed e verywhere.你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。

He often watched the boats being unloaded.他常常看轮船卸货。

As we approached the village we saw new houses being built.走近村子时我们看到正在盖新房。

此外，在want, need, deserve, require等动词后，尽管表示的是被动含义，我们却用动词-ing形式。

如：My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了。

The point deserves mentioning.这点值得提一下。

This problem requires studying with great care.这问题需要仔细研究。

动词ing形式动词-ing 形式动词-ing形式作为动词的一种形式，具有多种用法和功能。

在英语语法中，动词-ing形式可以作为动词的现在分词或者动名词出现，不同的语境下，它们有着不同的用法和意义。

一、动词-ing形式作为动词的现在分词动词-ing形式作为动词的现在分词，常用于进行时态、完成时态、被动语态等语法结构中。

1. 进行时态：动词-ing形式可以用于进行时态，表示正在进行或者临时的动作或状态。

例如：- She is reading a book.（她正在看书）- They are playing football in the park.（他们正在公园踢足球）- I am learning English.（我正在学英语）2. 完成时态：动词-ing形式可以和助动词have或had连用，构成完成时态。

例如：- He has been studying in this school for three years.（他在这所学校学习已经三年了）- They had been working for the company before they got laid off.（在被解雇之前，他们一直在这家公司工作）3. 被动语态：动词-ing形式可以和be动词连用，构成被动语态。

例如：- The car is being repaired by a mechanic.（这辆车正在被一位机械师修理）- The house was being decorated when I visited.（我参观的时候，这座房子正在被装修）二、动词-ing形式作为动名词动词-ing形式作为动名词，常用于作主语、宾语、介词宾语等语法结构中。

1. 作主语：动词-ing形式可以作为主语，表示某种动作或状态。

例如：- Swimming is good for health.（游泳对健康有益）- Singing is her favorite hobby.（唱歌是她最喜欢的爱好）2. 作宾语：动词-ing形式可以作为及物动词的宾语，接在动词后面。

Unit3 Under the seaPart3 Grammer 金台高中朱丽萍动词-ing形式的被动语态Ⅰ.动词-ing形式的被动语态的构成形式：v．-ing形式的被动形式有一般式和完成式两种形式，即being done 和having been done。

一般式表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生；完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

例如：①That building being repaired is our library.正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。

②I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.我非常感激两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。

Ⅱ.动词-ing形式的被动语态的用法1)作主语①Being punished by the headmaster made Jim unhappy.受到校长的惩罚使吉姆很不高兴。

②It's fun being taken to the zoo.被带去动物园真有意思。

2)作宾语I forget once being taken to the seaside when I was young.我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。

3)作表语What made his parents happy was his being admitted to a famous university.让他父母高兴的是他被名牌大学录取了。

4)作宾语补足语He often watched the boats being unloaded.他常常看轮船卸货。

5)作状语一般式的被动语态强调正在进行的被动动作，而完成式的被动语态则强调被动动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已完成。

①Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were safe.有一堵厚墙掩护着，他们感到很安全。

II. 高考复习策略其实非谓语动词的ing形式包括动名词和现在分词；这里将二者统一成一类即动词的ing形式。

1. 动词ing的各种形式变化一般式doing（主动语态）；being done（被动语态）完成式having done（主动语态）；having been done（被动语态）否定式not+动词的ing着重理解：①动词ing的主动语态：一般式表示分词动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生；完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常做状语。

如：Having done his homework, he played football.②动词ing的被动语态：一般式表示分词动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生；完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。

2. 复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+动词的ing,如：He suggested our trying it once again.His not knowing English troubled him.3. 记住下列动词和短语只跟动名词作宾语enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid,excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit,deny,mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk ,appreciate,be busy,be worth, feel like, can not stand, can not help, think of, dream of, stop…(from),prevent…(from),keep…from, protect…from, drea m of, be fond of, set about, be engaged in, succeed in ,look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on等。