【最高考】2015高考英语(江苏)考点精讲+书面表达+答题技巧：Module 8

2015年全国各省市高考英语书面表达试题范文及解析1. 2015年课标全国卷I假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。

请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：1. 栏目介绍；2. 稿件内容；3. 稿件长度：约400词汇4. 交稿日期：6月28日前天注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯的；3. 开头语已为你写好。

[写作提示]本文为书信体提纲式作文。

写作时以一般现在时为基本时态，以第一人称为主体人称；注意要点要齐全，包括栏目介绍、稿件内容、稿件长度和交稿日期：写作时注意恰当地使用衔接词和过渡词，以使文章行文连贯、流畅：这一点是高考英语高分作文所必须具备的要素。

One possible version：Dear Peter，I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school's English newspaper. The“Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper is very popular among us students．It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students．You can write anything relevant so long as it's interesting and informative．400 words would be fine．Could we have your article before June 28?I'm looking forward to hearing from you．Yours,Li Hua【解析】试题分析：本篇书面表达属于英文书信，根据提示信息要求给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，内容是美国节日风俗和中学生生活。

专题五动词时态和语态常考点在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。

要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。

1一般现在时一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。

用所给词的适当形式填空：①I'll go there after I ________(finish) my work.②The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take)．③My train ________(leave) at 6：30.④A snow ________(expect) to come next week.⑤On the wall ________(hang) a picture.⑥This kind of cloth ________(wash) well.⑦Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me.⑧He said water________(boil) at 100 ℃.【答案】①finish②are taken③leaves④is expected⑤hangs⑥washes ⑦belongs⑧boils2一般过去时和现在完成时一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。

现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now ＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。

Module 7 Unit 1 Living with technology1. 演变，发展；进化 evolution (v.) evolve2. 缺点，缺陷；不利条件 drawback3. 制造；修筑，建造 construct (n.) construction4. 错误!5. 使分布，分散；分发；分销 distribute6. 无线电接收机；接受者 receiver7. 管子；伦敦地铁 tube8. 组成部分，成分 component 9. 最后，终于 eventually10. 便携式的，轻便的 portable 11. 盒式磁带 cassette 12. 数码的 digital13. 预料，预见，预知 foresee(－foresaw －forseen)14. 适应；改编本，改写本 adaptation (v.) adapt15. 播放，转播；接转；接力赛 relay 16. 充足的 ample 17. 非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的 casual18. 翻译 translation (v.) translate19. 习语，成语，惯用语 idiom 20. 克 gram21. 扫描；细看；浏览 scan 22. 优雅地 elegantly 优雅的；雅致的 elegant 23. 电池 battery24. 四轮马车 carriage 25. 冰箱 refrigerator26. 拒绝，拒收；不予考虑 reject 27. 紧密的；紧的 tight28. 有根据的；(法律上)有效的 valid 29. 拨(电话号码) dial30. 肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的 shallow 31. 稳定的；稳重的 stable 32. 垃圾箱dustbin1. 与……保持联系 keep in touch with 与……取得联系 get in touch with (动作)与……失去联系 lose touch with(状态)与……失去联系 be out of touch with2. 坚持原则 stick to one's principle(s) 违背某人的原则 be against one's principle(s)原则上；大体上 in principle 依据原则 on principle3. 推迟做某事 delay doing sth. 毫不耽搁，立即 without delay4. 彩色的 in colour5. 20%的学生 20 per cent of the students很大/很小比例的 a large/small percentage of6. 上发条 wind sth. up蜿蜒曲折 wind one's way to 7. 储存 in storage准备给某人 in store for sb. 8. 申请专利 apply for a patent 9. 怀疑…… be sceptical of/about... 10. 一家保险公司 an insurance company11. 显而易见 obviously ＝It's obvious that12. 获得均衡的全面的发展achieve balanced and all －around development13. 电子装置 electronic devices 电气设备 electrical equipment 电风扇 an electric fan关掉电 turn/cut off electricity 14. 适合 be suitable for15. 投票支持某人 vote for sb. 投票反对 vote against16. 反对(做)…… be against sth.＝be opposed to doing＝oppose doing ＝object to doing 17. 决不 in no case ＝by no means ＝on/under no condition ＝at no time ＝under/in no circumstances ＝on no account18. 不仅……而且not merely... but also＝not only/just... but also19. 某人做某事是典型的It's typical of sb. to do sth.20. (手机)短信text message21. 为……作出牺牲make sacrifices for...牺牲健康sacrifice one's health以牺牲……at the sacrifice of22. 额外for good measure采取措施做take measures/steps to do按某人尺寸做make sth. to one's own measure23. 使某人摆脱rid sb. of某人摆脱sb. get/be rid of...24. 上市come onto the market25. 在某种程度上to some/a certain degree＝to some/a certain extent获得博士学位receive/get/obtain a doctor's degree26. 未必not necessarilyUnit 2Fit for life1. 针，针头；指针needle2. 医生，内科医师physician外科医生surgeon3. 革命；旋转revolution4. 橱柜cupboard5. 柜台；计数器；反驳；抵消counter6. 咀嚼，嚼碎；咬chew7. 酸，酸的acid8. 药片；匾tablet9. 畅销的best－selling10. 循环；传播circulate11. 不正常的，反常的abnormal12. 使十分惊讶；使吃惊astonish13. 应用；申请；涂抹application(v.) apply14. 批准，通过；赞成，同意approval(v.) approve15. 疾病；恶心，呕吐sickness16. 症状symptom17. 流血，失血bleed(－bled－bled)(n.) blood18. 合理的；明智的reasonable19. 结果，后果outcome20. 鼓掌；称赞applaud(n.) applause21. 安排；约定；布置arrangement(n.&v.) arrange22. 钝的；迟钝的；枯燥的dull23. 剑sword24. 锋利的；尖的；急转向的；尖刻的；敏锐的sharp25. 复杂的；建筑群complex26. 心跳heartbeat27. 手腕wrist28. 器官；管风琴；机构organ29. 理论，学说theory理论的theoretical30. 现象phenomenon(pl.)phenomena1. 打开；开发；开业；倾诉open up2. 在药店at the chemist's3. 手术室operating theatre给某人动手术operate on sb.＝perform an operation on sb.操作电脑operate a computer4. 拥有possess sth.＝take possession of＝be in possession of被……拥有in the possession of5. 对……是极为重要的be vital to/for...某人做某事是极为重要的It is vital that sb. (should) do sth.6. 充分发挥某人的潜力realize one's full potential潜在的危险potential dangers7. 心脏病发作have a heart attack死于心脏病die of heart disease8. 阻止某人做block sb. from doing一大块冰 a block of ice两个街区two blocks9. 血糖blood sugar10. 测试，试验；参加选拔try out在……上试验某物try sth. out on11. 不能做be unable to do12. 采取有效的措施take effective measures13. 加快……的步伐accelerate the pace of...14. 群众the masses批量生产mass production大量的 a mass of＝masses of15. 大量地in large quantities/numbers16. 使某人筋疲力尽；使某人厌烦wear sb. out疲惫的；用旧的，磨破的be worn out17. 放出；发出；泄露；租借let out18. 肿胀，膨胀swell up19. 不锈钢stainless steel20. 把脉feel/check one's pulse21. 沉迷于……be addicted to sth./doing sth.戒掉……的瘾break one's addiction to sth.＝get rid of one's addiction to sth.22. 四处环顾look around23. 订阅；同意，赞成；捐款subscribe to24. 数百万的millions of数千万的tens of millions ofUnit 3The world online1. 品牌；类型brand2. 来源，信息源；根源source3. 点击；用鼠标点击；发出咔嗒声click4. 宣称，断言；索取；认领claim5. 假定，假设assumption(v.) assume6. 纽带，联系；债券；牢固结合bond7. 多种多样的，形形色色的diverse8. 全球，世界；地球仪globe(adj.)global9. 途径，手段；大街avenue10. 对……评估evaluate(n.) evaluation11. 精确的accurate(n.) accuracy不精确的inaccurate不准确，不精确inaccuracy12. 错误的；虚假的false13. 教育工作者；教育家educator14. 临时货摊；电话亭等booth15. 脱离(社会)；撤回；取(款) withdraw(－withdrew－withdrawn)16. (大型的正式)会议conference17. 直言的，坦率的；易懂的explicit18. 使担心，使害怕；使警觉；警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟alarm19. 一生，终生lifetime20. 能力，胜任；技能，本领competence21. 发明家，发明者inventor22. 终端；终点；末端的terminal23. 目录；电话号码簿directory24. 打字type25. 梳理；搜索；梳子comb26. 具体的，明确的specific27. 类别，种类category28. 改正，纠正，修正correction(v.) correct29. 加号；优势；加；以及；零度以上的plus30. 减号；缺点；减；零度以下的minus31. 麻雀sparrow32. 提纲；概要，要点outline33. 承认，认可；感谢acknowledge1. 向某人求助turn to sb. for help查字典consult a dictionary＝turn/refer to a dictionary＝look sth. up in a dictionary咨询医生consult a doctor2. 富含……be rich/abundant in大量的信息abundant information3. 受某人支配at sb.'s command4. 数据表明statistics show that5. 更有甚者what is more6. 和某人通信correspond with sb.与……一致，符合correspond with/to7. 向某人演讲address sb.写信给某人be addressed to sb.设法解决/处理……address sth.8. 最新的；现代的；时髦的up to date最新信息up－to－date information9. 缺点和优点weaknesses and strengths10. 参考，提及make a reference to＝refer to一本参考书 a reference book11. 退学；退出drop out (of)12. 惊恐地跳起来jump up in alarm/in terror对……感到惊慌be alarmed by设置闹钟set the alarm for13. 放弃做abandon doing一只被遗弃的狗an abandoned dog14. 和某人预约；赴约make an appointment with sb.15. 搜索引擎search engine16. 被分为三种类别be classified into three categories被归类为毒品be classified as a drug按……被分类be classified by/according to17. 网页 a web page18. 有资格做某事have qualifications for sth./to do sth.＝be qualified for sth./to do sth.19. 仔细搜寻comb (through) sth. for20. 一束，一串；大量 a bunch of21. 和……相关be relevant to sth.22. 费时间、精力做bother to do＝bother doing不用费事了don't bother23. 急需要……be in bad/desperate need of sth.＝be badly/desperately in need of sth.帮助需要中的人help people in need24. 考虑某事take sth. into consideration/accountUnit 4Public transport1. （常规）路线route2. 铁路；栏杆；扶手rail3. 外围的；表层的outer4. 出租车，的士cab5. 运送，输送；表达convey6. 遗憾地；不幸地，可惜地unfortunately7. 令人难以置信的unbelievable8. 通过，经过(某一地方)；凭借via9. 隧道，地道tunnel10. 部分；段落；地区；部件；部门section11.承担，担任；着手做，从事undertake12. 所有权，产权ownership13. 建筑师architect14. 部长，大臣；牧师minister15. 扩大，扩展enlarge16. 方便使用的user－friendly环保的environment－friendly17. 站台，月台；平台；讲台platform18. 询问，咨询；查究enquiry(v.) enquire19. 每年的annual(adv.)annually20. 接待员receptionist21. 时间表，时刻表timetable22. 离开，出发；背离departure23. 港口；(计算机)端口port24. 骑自行车的人cyclist骑自行车；循环cycle25. 行人pedestrian26. 好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的aggressive27. 违犯，违反；侵犯violate28. 拐弯处，转弯处 turning29. 负荷，负载；装载；装入 load 30. 刹车 brake31. 人行横道crossing1. 中途下客或卸货 drop off顺便拜访某人/某地 drop in on sb./drop in at a place退出 drop out (of sth.)2. 遭遇堵车 be caught in a traffic jam ＝meet with a traffic jam被塞车延误 be held up by the traffic jam3. 推迟做 postpone/delay doing4. 连接，会合 link up和某人携手合作 link up with sb.5. 每隔……距离或时间 at... intervals6. 阻塞交通 choke off/block traffic 气得说不出话 choke with anger 抑制住 choke back7. 经……授权 under the authority of 学校当局 the school authorities 8. 首相，总理 Prime Minister 9. 以纪念第25个……纪念日 in honour of the 25th anniversary of 10. 人口的增长 population growth 有利于个人成长和发展be good for personal growth and development11.给……接通（电话）；使经历 put through12. 决定，选定 decide on/upon 13. 推迟，推延；使反感 put off 14.出现，到来；调高（音量等） turn up15. 填写(表格)；消磨(时间) fill in 填写(表格)；膨胀；扩张；长胖 fill out 16. 少数的，少量的 a handful of 一把米 a handful of rice17. 分组，分解；分离 split up 18. 详尽地 in detail ＝at length一个详细的描述 a detailed description 19. 预订一个房间 make a reservationfor a room＝book/reserve a room 20. (使)加速 speed up 减速 slow down 21. 乘轮渡 by ferry22. 准时参加 be punctual for23. 起因于，由……引起 arise from ＝arise out of24. 死于车祸 be killed in a car crash 25. 因为……被罚款 be fined for 26. 喝醉 get drunk一个醉汉 a drunken person27. 一杯啤酒 a glass of beer ＝a beer 28. 轮胎没气 have a flat tyre29. 发出请帖 send out an invitation 事故的诱因 an invitation to an accident30. 导致某人做 cause sb. to do 31. 希望…… in the hope that ＝in hopes that＝in the hope of doing ＝in hopes of doing。

Module 1 Unit 1School life1. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的enjoyable2. 集会，会议assembly3. 校长headmaster4. 文学literature文学的literary5. 具有挑战性的challenging挑战(v.& n．)challenge6. 鼓励(n.)encouragement(v.)encourage7. 额外的，外加的extra8. 雕像，雕塑sculpture9. 甜点dessert10. 学业的，学术的academic11. 流利的fluent(n.)fluency12. 绘画，绘画作品painting13. 极佳的，非常好的splendid14. (书的)名称；(文章的)题目title15. 不知为什么；不知怎么地somehow16. 最近的，新近的recent(adv.)recently17. 主持人；主人，东道主host18.负责，掌管；充电；猛冲；控告charge19. 准备，筹备(n.)preparation(v.)prepare20.（重要）事件；社交活动；比赛项目event21. 诗人poet诗歌poem(集合用法)诗；诗歌poetry22. 选择，挑选select （n.）selection23. 庭院，院子courtyard24. 作品；成分composition1. 一个有经验的工人an experienced worker＝a worker with rich experience在……方面没有经验be inexperienced in sth.一次难忘的经历an unforgettable experience体验不同的文化experience different cultures2. 谋生earn a living＝make a living挣钱earn money＝make money赢得美名earn a reputation博得某人的尊敬earn one's respect3. 尊敬某人show respect for sb.＝respect sb.4. 致力于；献身于devote oneself to ＋n./doing sth.＝be devoted to＋n．/doing sth.把(人生、时间、劳力等)专用于……devote sth. to sth./doing sth.某人对……的奉献/热爱one's devotion to sth./doing sth.5. 平均on (the/an) average高于/低于平均above/below average平均有an average of...一个普通的学生an average student6. 努力做某事struggle to do sth.挣扎着站起来struggle to one's feet对某人来说做某事是一件难事It's a struggle for sb. to do sth.7. 免费for free＝free of charge＝for nothing8. 喜爱，喜欢be fond of9. 回忆，回顾look back (on)10. 使某人满意的是to one's satisfaction表达对……的满意express one's satisfaction with11. 和某人交换某物exchange sth. with sb.以……交换in exchange for...12. 前者，后者the former，the latter我以前的同事my former colleague13. 毕业于graduate from毕业之后after graduation14. 把……捐给……donate...to...15. 谢谢你的好意thank you for your kindness16. 独立于某人be independent of sb.依靠某人be dependent on sb.17. 利用make use of＝take advantage of充分利用make full use of＝make the best of＝make the most of18. 明朝the Ming Dynasty19. 北京大学的王教授Professor Wang from Beijing University20. 告知某人某事inform sb. of/about sth.随时让某人了解某事keep sb. informed of sth.21. 开放时间opening hours22. 经营一家旅馆/自己的人生run a hotel/one's life23. 批准一项计划approve a plan＝give approval to a plan同意某人做approve of sb. doing(不可用agree sb. to do)24. 现场直播be broadcast live在电台里播放be broadcast on the radio25. 去远足go for an outing26. 一代代地传了下来be passed down generation after generation＝be passed down from generation to generation为后代造福benefit future generations消除代沟narrow/bridge the generation gap27. 一个发达的国家 a developed country一个发展中的国家 a developing country逐步养成……的习惯develop the habit of...逐步对……感兴趣develop an interest in...冲洗照片develop photos患癌症develop cancer研制新的药物develop a new drugno sooner＋过去完成时＋than 从句Unit 2Growing pains1. 窗帘；幕布curtain2. 〈美〉英式足球，足球soccer3. 〈美〉(生活)垃圾garbage4. 水池；下沉sink (－sank－sunk)5. 容忍；允许tolerate6. 成年人adult7. 行为，举止behaviour(v.)behave8. (13～19岁的)青少年teenager十几岁的teenage9. (戏剧的)一场；场面；景色scene10. 心烦的，苦恼的，不高兴的，失望的；使心烦，使苦恼upset令人烦乱的，令人苦恼的upsetting11. 突发事件；紧急情况emergency12. 反正；尽管如此anyhow13. 值得；应得；应受deserve14. 诊所clinic15. 叹气sigh16. 工作努力的；辛勤的hardworking(n.)hard work17. 处理；应付；把手；柄handle18. 错误error19. 愚蠢的foolish20. 自私的selfish21. 不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的distant22. 青春期adolescence青春期的(adj.)adolescent; 青少年(n.) adolescent23. 误解misunderstand(n.)misunderstanding24. 正常(的)，一般(的)normal25. 身体的；物质的physical26. 心理的psychological心理psychology27. 智慧wisdom(adj.)wise28. 独立independence(adj.)independent29. 持久；继续，维持(一段时间)last (adj.)lasting30. 挑战(n. & vt.)challenge1. 第三幕Act 3担任act as＝work as＝serve as演电影act in a film2. 迫不及待地做某事can't wait to do sth.3. 害怕某事/做某事be frightened of sth./to do sth.令人恐惧的frightening4. 应该做；被认为是be supposed to本应该做be supposed to have done＝was/were supposed to do5. 弯下腰bend(－bent－bent) down/over屈服于……bend to sth./sb.6. 饿死starve to death＝die of starvation＝die of hunger7. 用现金支付pay in cash用支票支付pay by cheque8. 找某人茬find fault with sb.是某人的过失it's one's fault9. 保卫某人/某事(物)免受……defend sb./sth. from/against...为某人/某事辩解defend sb./sth.为保卫……/为……辩护in defence of...10. 向某人解释某事explain sth. to sb.＝give sb. an explanation of sth.11. 对某人严格be hard on sb.＝be strict with sb.12. 既然，由于now (that)＝since＝seeing (that)13. 对某人粗鲁be rude to sb.＝be impolite to sb.14. 不睡觉，熬夜stay up＝sit up15. 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌合mix up把……和……混淆confuse sth. with sth.＝mix sth. up with sth.对……困惑be confused/puzzled about...16. 在某人的指导下under one's guidance领某人到/穿过/参观……guide sb. to/through/around……的指南 a guide to sth.17. 似乎，好像as if＝as though18. 坚持，坚持认为insist on19. 在网吧in an Internet café20. 和某人聊某事chat with sb. about sth.＝have a chat with sb. about sth.21. 目前，当前at present＝for the time being＝for the moment22. 和某人争论某事argue with sb. about/over sth.＝have an argument with sb. about/over sth.23. 为自由而战fight for freedom和贫穷抗争fight (against) poverty24. 担心……be worried about＝worry about25. 对……有伤害do harm to＝be harmful to26. 对……耐心have patience with...＝be patient with...27. 对某人为某事恼火be angry/annoyed/cross with sb. for/about/at sth.28. 禁止做某事forbid doing sth.禁止某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth.＝forbid sb. from doing sth.被禁止做某事be forbidden to do sth.29. 与……一起along with30. 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事tend to do sth.＝have a tendency to do sth.照看病人tend patients31. 限制某人做某事limit sb. to (doing) sth.有限的时间limited time……的限度 a limit to (doing) sth.限制……set a limit to sth.32. 保持/失去平衡keep/lose one's balance均衡的饮食 a balanced diet同等重视balance A and/with B兼顾/兼做combine A and/with B33. 毕竟after all34. 怎么处理what to do with...＝how to deal with...35.在某人的业余时间里in one's spare time Unit 3Looking good，feeling good1. 健身房；体育馆gym2.体形，身材；数字；人物；雕像figure3. 起作用，有效果，奏效work4. 精力充沛的energetic 精力；能量energy5.痊愈，恢复健康；重新获得，恢复recover(n.)recovery6. 包含；容纳contain7.化学物质；化学药品；化学的chemical8. 治疗；待遇；处理treatment(v.)treat9. 令人疼痛的，痛苦的painful10. 很少，不常，难得seldom11. 有吸引力的，有魅力的attractive(n.)attraction(v.)attract12. 肥胖的，体重超标的overweight13. 腰，腰部；腰围waist14. 运动员athlete15. 影响；感动(v.)affect影响；效果(n.)effect16. (在网上发布的)帖子post17. 会员资格，成员资格membership18. 包括including(v.)include19. 分支；分部；树枝branch20. 马拉松赛跑marathon21. 专家expert22. 悲伤sadness23. 安慰；舒适comfort(adj.)comfortable(adv.)comfortably24. 无用的，无效的useless25. 大约approximately26. 跳过，略过；蹦跳着走skip27. 适当地properly28. 主要地；通常mostly29. 系统，制度system(adj.)systematic30. 数；算数，有效count31. 平静的；和平的peaceful1. 锻炼；解决；结果是；计算出；详细拟定work out2. 保持苗条/新鲜stay slim/fresh(没有被动语态和进行时)3. 对……感到羞愧be ashamed of对……感到骄傲be proud of可耻的行为shameful conduct做某事过分/遗憾It is a shame to do sth.4. 服减肥药take weight－loss pills5. 心脏衰竭heart failure停电power failure一个失败的人；一件失败的事 a failure6. 对……造成很多的损害do/cause much damage to7. 对……感到难为情be embarrassed about...令人尴尬的embarrassing8. 在压力下under pressure在……的压力下under the pressure of...强迫/迫使某人做某事put pressure on sb. to do sth.＝pressure sb. into doing sth.9. 节食be on a diet＝go on a diet＝go on diets10. 喜欢A而不喜欢B prefer A to B喜欢做A而不喜欢做Bprefer to do A rather than do B＝prefer doing A to doing B11. 患……病suffer from...遭受严重损坏suffer serious damage减轻痛苦relieve/reduce/ease suffering12. 副作用side effect13. (头发等)脱落fall out14. 在……取得成就make achievements in...15. 生活在市中心live downtown16. 在午夜at midnight17. 一件设备 a piece of equipment18. 强身健体get into shape保持体形stay in shape不成形的out of shape19. 从长远角度看in the long run＝in the long term20. 全神贯注于concentrate on/upon＝fix one's attention on/upon＝focus (one's attention) on/upon＝be absorbed in注意力不集中lack concentration21. 大量的时间 a large amount of time22. 事实上in fact＝as a matter of fact ＝actually＝in reality＝in effect＝in practice23. 遭受很大的损失suffer a great loss不知所措at a loss24. 发胖put on weight＝gain weight减肥lose weight＝reduce weight25. 考虑做consider doing＝think of doing被认为是be considered (to be/as)被认为做了be considered to have done被认为正在做be considered to be doing26. 冒……的危险risk doing＝take/run the risk of doing处在危险中at risk＝in danger冒着……的危险at the risk of27.立刻，很快in no time＝at once＝right away绝不，从来不at no time＝never。

Unit 1Laughter is good for you1. 喜剧comedy喜剧演员comedian2. 相声crosstalk3. 舞台；阶段；时期stage4. 取笑；揶揄；戏弄tease5. 视觉的visual6. 锤子，榔头；敲，捶打hammer7. 演员，表演者performer8. 专科院校，研究院，学会academy9. 鲜为人知的little－known10. 嘴唇lip11. 大叫；嚎叫howl12. 雪茄烟cigar13. 浴缸，浴盆bathtub14. 哀悼，忧伤mourn15. 健壮，健康；适合fitness16. 肌肉muscle17. 深呼吸的deep－breathing18. 积极的；正面的；肯定的positive负面的，消极的；否定的negative19. 保证，担保guarantee20. 愚蠢foolishness(adj.) foolish(n. & v．) fool21. 外国人foreigner22. 最初的，初始的；(人名的)首字母initial23. (通常经过努力)获得；得到attain24. 长椅，长凳bench25. (戏剧、小说等的)情节背景；场景setting26. 教科书；课本textbook27. 暖和舒适的，惬意的cosy28. 在……旁边；与……一起alongside29. 城堡；堡垒castle30. 扶手椅armchair31. 貌似官方的official－looking32. 怒，怒火，怒气anger(adj.) angry33. 空手empty－handed1. 支持，维护stand up for2. 前一天the previous day在……之前previous to3. 各种各样的 a variety of＝varieties of＝various4. 流行的in style不再流行的out of style改变生活方式change the style of living5. 表现好behave well表现不好behave badly6. 绊倒……trip over sth.7. 取笑，拿……开玩笑make fun of8. 喜爱，钟爱have (an) affection for9. 学院奖the Academy Awards10. 做试验perform an experiment履行诺言perform one's promise做手术perform an operation表演特技perform a trick上演两场give two performances学习成绩academic performances11. 想出；拿出come up with12. 一件技术设备 a piece of technical equipment13. 无声电影silent film14. 使某人开心make sb. amused＝amuse sb.15. 常言道As the saying goes16. 去世pass away17. 加强合作strengthen cooperation18. 参与participate in19. 赶走；驱赶drive away20. 命令某人做instruct sb. to do教授某人……instruct sb. in sth.按指示/说明follow the instructions＝follow the directions21. 接纳take on22. 提高你的英语polish up your English＝improve your English23. 对某人是无形的be invisible to sb.24. 为……腾出地方make room for25. 发出请帖send out invitations接受邀请参加accept the invitation to对……是诱因an invitation to26. 挤满了be crowded with27. 对某人吼叫yell at sb.＝shout at sb.28. 一堆书 a pile of books堆积起来pile up29. 向某人鞠躬bow to sb.一副弓箭 a bow and arrow30. 向……猛冲make a dash for冲出去dash out (of)31. 被感动得流泪be moved/touched/affected to tears流着泪in tears拆除tear down＝pull/take down被撕碎be torn into pieces撕扯着tear at32. 突然冲入……burst in (burst into) sth.突然大笑burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然大哭burst into tears＝burst out crying33. 对……怒目而视glare at...34. 拿出；怀有（希望等）；维持hold out35. 一卷卫生纸 a roll of toilet paper36. 接下去(做)某事，继续(做)某事move on (to doing) sth.37. 发生，进行go on38. 后来，过些时候later on39. 编造，杜撰make up40. 一会儿for a while一会儿之后(将来)in a while一会儿之后(过去)after a while偶尔once in a while＝occasionally1. 一个月来我每天都打网球，我就弄不懂为什么我还没瘦下来。

2015年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版参考答案与试题解析一、第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）1．（1分）What time is it now？A．9：10．B．9：50．C．10：00．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略2．（1分）What does the woman think of the weather？A．It's nice．B．It's warm．C．It's cold．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1分）What will the man do？A．Attend a meeting B．Give a lecture C．Leave his office．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略4．（1分）What is the woman's opinion about the course？A．Too hardB．Worth takingC．Very easy．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略5．（1分）What does the woman want the man to do？A．Speak louder．B．Apologize to her．C．Turn off the radio．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略6．（2分）（1）How long did Michael stay in China？A．Five days．B．One week．C．Two weeks．（2）Where did Michael go last year？A．Russia．B．Norway．C．India．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】BC【点评】略7．（2分）听第7段材料，回答第8、9题．8．What food does Sally like？A．Chicken．B．Fish．C．Eggs．9．What are the speakers going to do？A．Cook dinner．B．Go shopping．C．Order dishes．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】BC【点评】略8．（3分）（1）Where are the speakers？A．In a hospital．B．In the office．C．At home．（2）What is the report due？A．Thursday．B．Friday．C．Next Monday．（3）What does suggest Stephanie do with the report？A．Improve it．B．Hand it in later．C．Leave it with him．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】BAB【点评】略9．（4分）（1）What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A．Salesperson and customer．B．Homeowner and cleaner．C．Husband and wife．（2）What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer？A．One with two bedroom．B．One without furniture．C．One near a market．（3）How much rent should one pay for the one﹣bedroom apartment？A．＄350．B．＄400．C．＄415．（4）Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see？A．On Lake Street．B．On Market Street．C．On South Street．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略10．（4分）（1）What percentage of the world's tea exports go to Britain？A．About 15%．B．About 30%．C．Over 40%．（2）Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk？A．Most British people drink that way．B．Tea tastes much better with milk．C．Tea with milk is healthy．（3）Who suggests a price for each tea？A．Tea tasters．B．Tea exporters．C．Tea companies．（4）What is the speaker talking about？A．The life of tea tasters．B．Afternoon tea in Britain．C．The London Tea Trade Centre．【考点】17：短文理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．11．（1分）The number of smokers，__________ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year．（ ）A．it B．which C．what D．as【考点】59：关系代词．【分析】正如所报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅一年就减少了17%．【解答】答案D．这是含有非限制性定语从句的复合句，空缺的词为关系代词，故排除A、C．as引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以放在句首、句中、句末．本题容易误选B项，把the number of smokers看成是先行词，这里的关系代词指代的是the number of smokers has dropped by 17percent in just one year这一整句话，而且"as is reported"是常用表达法故选：D．【点评】对于关系代词的选择，要分析句子成分，还要结合关系代词本身的用法，加以选择和判断．12．（1分）Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _____ to their greatest potential．（ ）A．accelerate B．improve C．perform D．develop【考点】A8：实义动词．【分析】句意：学校应该是一个充满生机的地方，在这里每个学生个体都被鼓励充分发展，最大限度地激发潜能．【解答】答案D．A选项"加快，加速"常见搭配有"accelerate the pace of"；B选项"改进，提高"；C选项"表现，表演，执行"；D选项"开发；发展；冲洗（胶片），养成"；D项符合语境，故选：D．【点评】本题考查动词辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，然后根据上下文语境锁定合适的动词．平时要加强动词词汇量的积累．13．（1分）﹣Jim，can you work this Sunday？﹣__________？I've been working for two weeks on end．（ ）A．Why me B．Why not C．What if D．So what【考点】JI：语言交际．【分析】﹣﹣﹣Jim，这个星期六你能加班吗？﹣﹣﹣为什么是我？我已经连续工作两周了．【解答】答案A．选项A Why me？的意思是为什么是我；选项B Why not的意思是为什么不呢；选项C What if的意思是要是…会怎么样；选项D So what的意思是那又怎么样．根据语境和句意，应该选择A．【点评】做这类题目，要根据选项的意义、用法及句意来做出正确的选择和判断．14．（1分）Much time __________ sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems．（ ）A．being spent B．having spentC．spent D．spending【考点】A4：动词的过去分词；BB：过去分词．【分析】句意：因为大部分时间都坐在办公桌前，所以办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰．【解答】考查独立主格结构．由句子结构可知，分词的逻辑主语much time与主句主语office workers不一致，所以是独立主格结构．逗号后为主句，逗号前为独立主格结构作原因状语．time与spend是被动关系，故填spent．【点评】解答此类题目首先要分析句子结构找出主句，同时要注意主句的主语与分词的逻辑主语是否一致，如果不一致，则为独立主格结构．然后再分析分词的逻辑主语与动词的主被动关系，主动用doing，被动用done．15．（1分）__________ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it．（ ）A．That B．Why C．Where D．How【考点】79：连接副词；H7：wh﹣引导的主语从句．【分析】句意为：中国伟大诗人李白出生的地点是大众都知道的，但是一些人却不能接受这一点．【解答】答案：C．is之前的内容是主语从句，从句中缺少状语，根据逻辑关系，此处应该是出生的地方，而不是方式或原因．【点评】在主语从句中，除了要考虑句子成分，还要看句子前后的逻辑关系．16．（1分）It is so cold that you can't go outside __________ fully covered in thick clothes．（ ）A．if B．unless C．once D．when【考点】92：从属连词．【分析】句意：外面非常冷，如果不裹一件厚实点的衣服，千万不要出去．【解答】A选项"如果"；C选项"一旦"；D选项"当…时候"；B选项"如果不；除非"；unless＝if…not，句中"unless fully covered"为"连词+省略结构"，补充完整为"unless you are fully covered"可转换成"If you aren't fully covered"理解，根据句意及逻辑关系"外面非常冷"可推知"如果不裹一件厚实点的衣服会很冷．"B项符合语境．故选：B．【点评】本题考查状语从句中连词的辨析．解答此类题目首先要理解题干的意思，其次要知道各选项的意思，然后依次把各个选项意思放入句子根据语境，不难选出正确答案．关键还是在平时学习的过程中，多积累多总结多记忆．17．（1分）The university started some new language programs to __________ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt．（ ）A．apply to B．cater for C．appeal to D．hunt for【考点】A9：动词短语．【分析】句意：这所大学开办了一些新的语言课程以满足国家丝绸之路经济带的需要．【解答】答案：B．apply to意为"向…申请；应用"；appeal to意为"对…有吸引力；呼吁"；hunt for意为"搜寻，猎捕，寻找"．cater for意为"迎合，满足需要；供应伙食"，其"迎合，满足需要"可使句意完整，符合逻辑，故选B．【点评】此题考查动词短语辨析．解此类词或短语辨析时，一要弄清句意，二要明白各选项的意思，从而选出符合句意的答案．18．（1分）It might have saved me some trouble __________ the schedule．（ ）A．did I know B．have I knownC．do I know D．had I known【考点】GB：倒装句；GJ：虚拟语气．【分析】它可能已省了我一些麻烦，要是我知道这个计划的话．【解答】根据主句谓语动词might have done，可以知道是对过去情况的假设，那么if从句中谓语动词则需用had done来表示对过去情况的假设，从而使得主从句保持一致．当虚拟条件句的谓语动词是助动词had时，if可以省略，从而将had置于句首，句子倒装．所以D选项正确．故选：D．【点评】此题考查虚拟语气中if省略倒装的现象．当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were，should（助动词），had（助动词）时，if可以省略，从而将were，should（助动词），had（助动词）置于句首，句子倒装．解此类题时，要根据语境、时间状语或主从句中的谓语动词形式，来判断是对过去、现在、将来三个时间里，哪一个时间的虚拟假设，再做题．19．（1分）The whole team _____ Cristiano Ronaldo，and he seldom lets them down．（ ）A．wait on B．focus on C．count on D．call on【考点】A9：动词短语．【分析】全队都寄希望于Cristiano Ronaldo，他很少令他们失望．【解答】wait on 意为"服侍，伺候"；focus on意为"集中注意力于…"；call on意为"拜访；号召"．count on意为"指望，依靠"符合题意，故选C．【点评】此题考查动词短语辨析．解词义辨析题时，首先要弄清句意，再来选择合适的词或短语．20．（1分）The real reason why prices __________，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem．（ ）A．Were B．will be C．have been D．had been【考点】E2：一般过去时．【分析】过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意．【解答】答案A．根据句意和题干中的and still are 提示，可知过去的价格也一直居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态，故选A．【点评】用何种时态，可以根据句意以及题目中所给的提示进行判断和选择．21．（1分）The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and __________ review of the case．（ ）A．comprehensive B．complicatedC．conscious D．crucial【考点】64：形容词词意辨析．【分析】警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底的、广泛的审查．【解答】答案：AA项是"综合的，广泛的"；B项是"复杂的"；C项是"有意识的，神智清醒的"；D项是"重要的，决定性的"．句中thorough和comprehensive为并列关系，故选A项．【点评】形容词词义辨析，只要分清句子中形容词词义即可．22．（1分）Some schools will have to make __________ in agreement with the national soccer reform．（ ）A．judgments B．adjustmentsC．comments D．achievements【考点】A9：动词短语．【分析】一些学校将不得不作出调整以和国家足球改革相一致．【解答】答案B．make judgments意为"作出判断"；make comments意为"发表评论"；make achievements意为"取得成就"．make adjustments意为"作出调整"，结合句子的意思，"为了和国家足球改革相一致"，所以要"作出调整"，故选B．【点评】此题考查名词意思辨析．解此类词义辨析题时，需结合句意，辨清各选项的词义，从而选出正确的答案．23．（1分）﹣Why didn't you invite John to your birthday party？﹣Well，you know he's __________．（ ）A．an early bird B．a wet blanketC．a lucky dog D．a tough nut【考点】JI：语言交际．【分析】﹣﹣你为什么不邀请约翰来参加你的生日派对呢？﹣﹣哦，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人．【解答】选项A an early bird 是指早起的人；选项B a wet blanket是指令人扫兴的人；选项C lucky dog是指幸运儿；选项D a tough nut是指难对付的人，这四个选项都是俗语，根据句意以及选项的意思，应该选择B．故选：B．【点评】做这类题目，首先要正确理解四个选项的意思，然后根据句意来选择正确的选项．24．（1分）Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around __________ Thomas Edison．（ ）A．thanks to B．regardless ofC．aside from D．but for【考点】GJ：虚拟语气．【分析】要不是托马斯爱迪生，我们现在收益的许多东西将不复存在．【解答】A选项thanks to"幸亏，多亏"；B选项regardless of"不管，不顾"；C选项aside from"除了，除…以外"；D选项but for"要不是"可用来表示虚拟条件，可用if条件从句代替．but for Thomas Edison＝if it hadn't been for Thomas Edison【点评】此题考查含蓄型虚拟语气．含蓄型虚拟语气常用without，but for引出，相当于If it weren't for…和If it hadn't been for…，其意为"若不是（有）""要不是"．25．（1分）﹣Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave．﹣I'd like to，but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my __________．（ ）A．requests B．excuses C．apologies D．regrets【考点】31：可数名词及其单复数．【分析】﹣﹣Dave，去向你妈妈说对不起．﹣﹣我想去，但是我怕她不会接受我的道歉．【解答】答案C A项是"请求"；B项是"借口"；C项是"道歉"；D项是"后悔"．由"say sorry"可知，此处应是"道歉"．故选C项．【点评】根据情景对话辨析名词词义，只要弄明白对话的意思即可．第二节：完形填空（共1小题；每小题20分，满分20分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．26．（20分）I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel's books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on．The stories of his unconventional（36）　ideas　and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so（37）　amazing　to me and had such a big （38）　impact on how I saw life from then on．Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr．Bernie and his CDs again to ）（39）　getthrough　my own cancer experience？I'm an ambitious（40）　writer　，and when I started going through chemo （化疗），even though I'm a very（41）　positive person，I lost my drive to write．I was just too tired and not in the（42）　mood　．One day，while waiting to go in for （43）　treatment　，I had one of Dr．Bernie's books in my hand．Another patient （44）　noticed　what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me（45）　because he had one of his books with him as well．It （46）　turnedout　that among other things，he was an eighty ﹣year﹣old writer．He was（47）　actually a published author，and he was currently （48）　working on a new book．We would see each other at various times and（49）　became　friends．Sometimes he wore a duck hat，and I would tell myself，he was definitely a（n）（50）　fan　of Dr．Bernie．He really put a （51）　smile　on my face．He unfortunately（52）　passedaway　last year due to his cancer，（53）　but　he left a deep impression on me and gave me the（54）　inspiration　to pick up my pen again．I（55）　thought to myself，"If he can do it，then so can I．"36．A．tastes B．ideas C．notes D．memories37．A．amazing B．shocking C．amusing D．strange38．A．strike B．push C．challenge D．impact39．A．learn from B．go over C．get through D．refer to40．A．reader B．writer C．editor D．doctor41．A．positive B．agreeable C．humorous D．honest42．A．mood B．position C．state D．way43．A．advice B．reference C．protection D．treatment 44．A．viewed B．knew C．noticed D．wondered 45．A．while B．because C．although D．providing 46．A．came out B．worked out C．proved out D．turned out 47．A．naturally B．merely C．hopefully D．actually 48．A．deciding B．investing C．working D．relying 49．A．became B．helped C．missed D．visited 50．A．patient B．operator C．fan D．publisher 51．A．sign B．smile C．mark D．mask 52．A．showed up B．set off C．fell down D．passed away 53．A．since B．but C．so D．for 54．A．guidance B．trust C．opportunity D．inspiration 55．A．promised B．swore C．thought D．replied【考点】L1：记叙文．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响．之后作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作，但在治疗期间结识一位同样受到Bernie影响，年迈却仍坚持写作的病友．在病友死后，作者又重新拾起纸笔，以此告诉读者书籍给人带来积极的影响．【解答】36．B 考查名词．根据首段首句可知，作者读了Bernie Siegel的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响．此处unconventional ideas意为"非传统的观点"与上句中"积极的人生观"呼应．故选B项．37．A 考查形容词．根据上文中"unconventional（非传统的）"和"unexceptional（例外的）"提示可知，他书中所写的东西对我来说十分惊异．故选A项．38．D 考查名词．have an impact on为固定搭配，意为"对…有影响"．A项"打击"；B项"推，逼迫"；C项"挑战"；D项"影响"．故选D项．39．C 考查动词短语．根据下文可知，作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作．但病友的执着和Bernie Siegel积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔，渡过了这段艰难时期．A项"从…中获取经验，汲取教训"；B项"复习，仔细检查"；D项"提到，涉及，参考"；C项"渡过难关"；C项符合语境，故选C项．40．B 考查名词．根据下文中"I lost my drive to write"可知，作者是一名有抱负的作家．A项"读者"；B项"作家"；C项"编辑"；D项"医生"．故选B项．41．A 考查形容词．句意：尽管我是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力．a positive person与I lost my drive to write构成让步关系，可推知，作者是一位非常积极乐观的人．故选A项．42．A 考查名词．根据语境作者因为病痛失去了写作的动力，感到太累，故可推知，作者心情不好．not in the mood意为"心情不好"．故选A项．43．D 考查名词．根据作者生病了，应该是等待治疗，可知，D项符合语境．故选D项．44．C 考查动词．由下文可知，另一位病人应是注意到了作者正在读的书．notice"注意到"．故选C项．45．B 考查连词．根据句意："该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因：他身上也有一本Bernie的书"可知，空处前后是因果关系，所以because表原因符合语境．故选B项．46．D 考查动词短语．A项"出现，出版"；B项"锻炼，解决，制定"；C项"证明是合适的，令人满意的"；D项"证明是，结果是"．"It turned out that"是固定搭配，意为"结果是…，结果证明…"；根据语境"除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家．"可知，D项符合语境，故选D项．47．D 考查副词．A项"自然地"；B项"仅仅"；C项"有希望地"；D项"事实上"；根据句意"事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书．"可知，D项符合语境，故选D项．48．C 考查动词搭配．A项decide on"决定，确定"；B项invest on"投资，花时间在…上"；D项rely on"依赖，依靠"；C项work on"从事，忙于"；根据句意"他目前在写一本新书"可知，C项符合语境．故选C项．49．A 考查动词．A项"成为"；B项"帮助"；C项"错过"；D项"拜访"．根据句意"我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友"可知，后来作者和那位病人时不时地见面，也就成了朋友，A项符合语境，故选A项．50．C 考查名词．A项"病人"；B项"操作员，接线员"；C项"粉丝"；D项"出版商"．根据句意可知，他的确是Bernie的书迷．故选C项．51．B 考查名词．A项"标志，迹象，征兆"；B项"微笑"；C项"标记"；D项"面罩"．根据语境可知，作者原本心情不好，后来交了新朋友，心情也好转了，朋友的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑．故选B项．52．D 考查动词短语．A项"出现，露面"；B项"出发，动身"；C项"跌倒"；D项"去世（死的委婉表达）"．根据空前的"unfortunately"可知，作者的这位朋友去世了，D 项符合语境，故选D项．53．B 考查连词．A项表示时间；B项表示转折；C项表示结果；D项表示原因；根据句意"他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象"可知，前后两分句之间是转折关系，故选B项．54．D 考查名词．A项"指导"；B项"信任"；C项"机会"；D项"鼓舞，激励，启发"；根据空后的"pick up my pen again"可知，他给了作者鼓舞，作者重新开始写作．故选D项．55．C 考查名词．A项"承诺"；B项"郑重发誓"；C项think to oneself"自言自语"；D项"回答"；根据句意"我对自己说："如果他能做到，我也能"可知，C项符合语境，故选C项．【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定．第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．第三部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题4分，满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑. 27．（4分）56．According to the Code，visitors should act　A　．A．with care and respectB．with relief and pleasureC．with caution and calmnessD．with attention and observation57．What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand？　C　A．Take your own camping facilities．B．Bury glass far away from rivers．C．Follow the track for the sake of plants．D．Observe signs to approach nesting birds．【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．【分析】本文大意不要携带任何有害新西兰的物品入境保护动植物恰当处理垃圾妥善处理排泄物保护水资源小心防火细心露营野炊不要另辟蹊径，有路走路处处留意【解答】56．A 推理判断题．根据文中的副标题可知，去新西兰旅游时不能携带任何危害到新西兰的物品，要保护动植物，处理好垃圾等可知，游客应该细心对待并尊重自然．故选A．57．C 细节理解题．根据文中keep to the track中的"keep to the track，where one exists，so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plannts．"可知，在有路的地方要沿着路走，这样可减少对脆弱植物的破坏．故选C．【点评】对于有副标题的应用文，解题时应抓住副标题来理解文章的大意，节省解题的时间．28．（6分）In the United States alone，over 100million cell﹣phones are thrown away each year．Cell﹣phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants．The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole．Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver．A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration （含量）of gold and other precious metals was higher in So﹣called e﹣waste than in naturally occurring minerals．Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals．Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment．Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100times more，than the material contained in the finished products．Consider again the cell﹣phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging（包装）it came in．Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well．The U．S．Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that"the production，distribution，and use of products﹣as well as management of the resulting waste ﹣all result in greenhouse gas release．"Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start﹣for instance，buying reusable products and recycling．In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive （动机）for reducing waste．If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first place？Governments'incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money．Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap （气泡垫）that encased your television？From the governments'point of view，a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax﹣payers back to the producers．58．By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that　B　．A．the weight of e﹣goods is rather smallB．E﹣waste deserves to be made good use ofC．natural minerals contain more precious metalsD．the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e﹣waste59．The responsibility of e﹣waste treatment should be extended　B　．A．from producers to governmentsB．from governments to producersC．from individuals to distributorsD．from distributors to governments60．What does the passage mainly talk about？　D　A．The increase in e﹣waste．B．The creation of e﹣waste．C．The seriousness of e﹣waste．D．The management of e﹣waste．【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P6：作者情感态度．【分析】文章主要介绍了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施．随着电子数码科技的进步，产生了越来越多的电子垃圾．手机、电脑和电子元器件等被越来越多地扔掉，里面含有像金银之类的贵金属，但也含有大量的有毒物质，作者详细地分析了造成这一问题的原因，并提出了坚决问题的建议和措施．【解答】58．B 推理判断题．文章第一段告诉我们，每年有大量废弃电子产品被随意丢弃．紧接着第二段首句"Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver．"指出：电子设备中含有有用的金属，如金和银，并用Swiss study佐证这一观点，据此可知作者想要告诉我们，电子垃圾值得被充分运用．故答案选B．59．B 细节理解题．文中六、七、八段围绕"生产责任延伸"展开，最后一段做了总结．根据最后一段的"a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax﹣payers back to the producers．"可知处理电子垃圾的责任应该从政府延伸到用户身上．故答案选B．60．D 主旨大意题．这篇短文主要讲述了电子垃圾被随意丢弃这一现象，文中详细分析了造成这一问题的原因，并提出了建议．故答案选D"电子垃圾的管理"．而其余三项都只是概括了文章的部分内容，并不能概括全文．【点评】健康环保类文章常是介绍科学知识、生活常识和环境保护方面的短文．阅读此类短文要以现象或事物为中心进行思考，理解现象产生的原因、条件和客观规律等．同时要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互关系等．由于此类文章缺乏故事情节，很多同学对此类文章感到费解．文章都是就事论事，需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少，因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难，只要多加训练，就能较好地答题．29．（8分）Suppose you become a leader in an organization．It's very likely that you'll want to have volunteers to help with the organization's activities．To do so，it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work．Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer．Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved．For example，people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness，to expand their range of experiences，and to strengthen social relationships．If volunteer positions do not meet these needs，people may not wish to participate．To select volunteers，you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract．People also volunteer because they are required to do so．To increase levels of community service，some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs．Unfortunately，these programs can shift people's wish of participation from an internal factor （e．g．，"I volunteer because it's important to me"）to an external factor （e．g．，"I volunteer because I'm required to do so"）．When that happens，people become less likely to volunteer in the future．People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activitiesa must．Once people begin to volunteer，what leads them to remain in their positions over time？To answer this question，researchers have conducted follow﹣up studies in which they track volunteers over time．For instance，one study followed 238volunteers in Florida over a year．One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions．Although this result may not surprise you，it leads to important practical advice．The researchers note that attention should be given to"training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience"．Another study of 302volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view"volunteer"as an important social role．It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work．Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as"Volunteering in Hospital is an importantpart of who I am．"Consistent with the researchers'expectations，they found a positive correlation （正相关）between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer．These results，once again，lead to concrete advice："Once an individual begins volunteering，continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity…Items like T﹣shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity"．61．People volunteer mainly out of　D　．A．academic requirementsB．social expectationsC．financial rewardsD．internal needs62．What can we learn from the Florida study？　B　A．Follow﹣up studies should last for one year．B．Volunteers should get mentally prepared．C．Strategy training is a must in research．D．Volunteers are provided with concrete advice．63．What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work？　C　A．Individual differences in role identity．B．Publicly identifiable volunteer T﹣shirts．C．Role identity as a volunteer．D．Practical advice from researchers．64．What is the best title of the passage？　A　A．How to Get People to VolunteerB．How to Study Volunteer BehaviorsC．How to Keep Volunteers'InterestD．How to Organize Volunteer Activities．【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．【分析】文章分析了志愿者为何自发地去服务社会，研究者通过研究发现：人们做志愿者工作主要是出于内在的需求，因为他们需要这样做，志愿者身份的认可会激励他们继。

《最⾼考》2015⾼考英语（江苏）考点精讲书⾯表达答题技巧Module10Module 10Units 1～2M10 U11. 降⾬；降⾬量rainfall2. 严重性；重⼒；地球引⼒gravity3. 从政者，政客politician4. 政治家statesman5. 努⼒对付或解决wrestle (with sth.)摔跤wrestle6. (政府的)专门机构；服务机构agency代理⼈；中介⼈；代理商agent7. 怀孕的pregnant8. 永久的，长久的permanent9. 灌溉irrigation(v.) irrigate10. (体系的)结构，机制；构架，框架framework11. 经济活动；企业enterprise12. 家庭主妇housewife13. 传统的，常规的，依照惯例的conventional14. 公⽜ox(pl.)oxen15. 拖拉机tractor16. ⽔坝，堤坝dam17. 削弱，减弱weaken18. 拮据，经济困难；挤压；挤出，挤⼊squeeze19. 地下室basement20. 创造；创建；创作(v.) create创造；创建；创作(n. ) creation具有创造性的creative创造⼒creativity21. (统称)住房，住宅housing22. (外)孙⼦，(外)孙⼥grandchild23. 沉积物；存款；使沉积deposit24. 油⽥oilfield25. ⾯粉flour26. 暂定的，不确定的；踌躇的，犹豫不定的tentative27. 可望地，抱有希望地hopefully28. 蓄意的；系统的；成体系的systematic(n.) systemM10 U21. (报纸或杂志的)⼀期；版本edition2. 退休⾦；抚恤⾦pension3. 飓风hurricane4. 难熬的；困难的；严厉的；坚强的tough5. 滑倒，滑动；溜⾛(vi.); 滑倒，滑动；差错，疏漏(n.)slip6. 救护车ambulance7. 芳草；药草herb8. 海鸥seagull9. 激增，繁荣；轰鸣声boom10. 流动，迁移mobility移动的；流动的mobile11. 能适应新情况的，灵活的，可变动的；有弹性的flexible12. ⼤洋洲Oceania13. ⼩旅馆，⼩酒店inn14. 租⾦；租⽤，租借；出租rent15. 会计，会计师accountant16. 售货员；接待员；⽂员clerk17. ⼥服务员waitress男服务员waiter18. 失去知觉的；⿇⽊的；使失去知觉；使⿇⽊numb19. 物理学家physicist20. ⽣物学家biologist21. 植物学botany22. ⽣物化学biochemistry23. ⾯包房，糕饼店bakery24. 货币，通货；普遍认可currency25. 准确的，确切的precise26. 破旧的，破败的；⾐衫褴褛的shabby27. 有争议的，引起争论的controversial28. 贼，⼩偷thief(pl.) thievesM10 U11. 贫困问题的⼀个短期/长期解决办法a short－term/long－term solution to the problem of poverty2. 成为重要新闻make the headlines3. 促使/迫使某⼈(做某事)put pressure on sb. (to do sth.)在压⼒下under pressure在……的压⼒下under the pressure of...强迫某⼈做pressure sb. to do＝pressure sb. into doing4. 处在进退两难中in a dilemma5. 毫⽆疑问beyond doubt不肯定，拿不准in doubt6. 处在关键时刻at a crossroads7. ⼀条⾯包 a loaf of bread两条⾯包two loaves of bread8. ⼀件艺术品 a work of art9. 不管花多少钱；不管牺牲多⼤at any expense由某⼈负担费⽤；以某⼈为代价at one's expense牺牲，付出……代价at the expense of...⽣活费the living expenses＝the living cost10. 还某⼈某物repay (－repaid－repaid) sth. to sb.＝repay sb. sth. 因为……报答某⼈repay sb. for sth. (n.) repayment11. 补上，补做catch up on赶上catch up with12. 此外moreover＝furthermore＝besides＝plus＝in addition13. ⼀个迷⼈的城市 a fascinating city对……着迷be fascinated by/with14. 正流⾏in fashion不再流⾏out of fashion赶时髦follow the fashion流⾏的服装 a fashionable dress15. 敲响警钟set alarm bells ringing16. 调整机器adjust a machine＝make adjustments to a machine使⾃⼰适应adjust oneself to17. 可持续性发展sustainable development18. 把……付诸实践put sth. into practice＝put sth. into operation/effect变得荒疏be out of practice实际上，事实上in practice19. 除此以外；在……上⾯/⽅on top of20. 迫切要求/反复争取……push for sth.挤着路往前⾛push one's way逼迫某⼈做push sb. to do21. 太阳能solar energyM10 U21. 迁移中，⾏进中；在忙碌中on the move在忙碌中on the go＝on the run2. ⼀位退休⽼师 a retired teacher3. 医疗(服务)health care4. 变成turn into5. 是明智的；是有道理的；是有意义的make sense产⽣差别，有影响make a difference6. 迎合/满⾜某⼈或某物cater to sb./sth.7. 溜进了房间slip/slide into the room不知不觉养成了⼀个坏习惯slip/slide into a bad habit8. 亲⾻⾁；亲⼈one's (own) flesh and blood9. 选择做，决定做elect to do＝choose to do选某⼈为主席elect sb. (as/to be) chairman＝choose sb. (as/to be) chairman10. 把A和B交换swap A for B11. 有做某事的特权have the privilege of doing sth.不胜荣幸It's my privilege (to do sth.)12. 通过望远镜观察observe through a telescope13. 植物园botanical gardens14. (国家的)⼈才流失brain drain15. ⾔传，⼝⼝相传word of mouth16. 阐明某⼈的⽴场clarify one's stand/position说明⽩点to clarify17. 抢/夺⾛某⼈的东西rob sb. of sth.18. 和……相冲突come into collision with...A和B之间的冲突the collision between A and B避免与……碰撞avoid a collision with...19. 充其量，⾄多at (the) best处在最佳状态at one's best竭尽全⼒do one's best善⽤，最有效利⽤make the best of＝make the most of 20. 同情feel/have sympathy for出于同情out of sympathy⼀封慰问信 a letter of sympathy赞成have sympathy with以赞成in sympathy with21. 欧洲理事会the Council of Europe1. 事实上，饥饿是全球头号健康威胁，它夺去的⽣命⽐任何疾病都要多。

Unit 1Advertising1. 广告(v.)advertise广告(n.)advertisement登广告者，广告客户；广告商advertiser2. 航空公司airline3. 光亮，光泽；发光shine4. 说服，劝说；使信服persuade5. 清白的，无辜的；无恶意的；纯真的innocent(n.) innocence6. 治愈，治疗cure7. 杂货店grocery8. 全国范围的(地)，全国性的(地) nationwide全世界的(地)worldwide9. (社会、政治或商业等的)活动，运动；发起……运动campaign10. 座右铭；格言，箴言motto11. 香烟cigarette12. 智力，才智；情报intelligence(adj.)intelligent13. 完全受……控制的人；奴隶slave14. 咨询；请教consult顾问consultant15. 理解力；理解练习comprehension16. 最新的latest17. 畅销书；畅销品best－seller18. 推荐；建议recommend19. 出版社；出版人publisher20. (高中或大学)毕业年级的；(级别或地位)高的；高年级学生；上司；年长者senior21. 购买；采购(n. & v．)purchase22. 设计；图案，花样design设计师；名牌的designer23. 软件software24. 建议，提示；顶端，末梢；小费；(使)倾斜，倾覆；给小费tip25. 引人注目的eye－catching26. (大)公司corporation27. 条，棒；酒吧bar28. 更新update29. 年轻人；青年时期；青春youth30. 烹调法；食谱recipe31. 意外收获；奖金；额外津贴bonus32. 大众传播媒介media33. 海报poster34. 小包，小盒packet35. 肺lung36. 癌症cancer37. 手指甲fingernail38. 烟草，烟叶tobacco39. 论说文，小品文；文章，短文essay40. 使震惊，使惊愕；震惊，惊愕shock1. 吸毒take drugs2. 旨在，目的是be meant for3. 骗某人做cheat/trick/fool sb. into doing4. 在……熟练be skilful in/at5. 虽然，即使even if/though6. 上气不接下气地out of breath屏住气息hold one's breath呼吸新鲜空气breathe fresh air无法呼吸的breathless7. 对……满意be pleased/satisfied/content/happy with8. 对……作出评论make comments on/about＝comment on/about9. 身心健康physical and mental health10. 上……的当；对……信以为真fall for11. 欺骗，捉弄play tricks on变戏法play/perform tricks新招数/窍门new tricks诱使某人做trick sb. into doing12. 达到这些目标achieve these aims瞄准take aim at＝aim at(物)旨在be aimed at＝aim to do(人)力求做到aim at sth./doing sth.＝aim to do13.涉及，关于；处理，应付deal with14. 对……有好处be good for＝do good to＝benefit＝be beneficial to＝be of benefit to/benefit from/by15. 被提升为经理be promoted to manager促进友谊promote friendship推销产品promote products推广/弘扬……精神promote the spirit of16. 对……感到惊奇be amazed at/by令人惊奇的amazing17. 使患癌症的风险成倍增加multiply the risk of developing cancer3乘以4three multiplied by four18. 在各个方面in all aspects19. 关于某事/物和某人讲价bargain with sb. about sth.和某人协议/交易make a bargain with sb.廉价地at a bargain20. 高档的汽车 a fancy car想象做某事fancy doing sth.21. 弄清楚，弄懂；计算出figure out22. 击中/错过靶子hit/miss the target以老人为目标target old people目标受众target audience23. 决定做determine to do＝decide to do决定了要做be determined to do一个有毅力的人 a determined man＝a man of determination24. 迎合某人，对某人有吸引力appeal to sb.呼吁，恳求appeal to sb. for sth./to do sth.诉诸于法律appeal to law25. 对……作出反应react to sth.＝respond to＝in response to对……作出回答respond to＝reply to26. 亲自personally＝in person就本人而言personally＝in my opinion27. 把……传达清楚get sth. across28. 一个大量抽烟的人 a heavy smoker29. 敦促/力劝某人做urge sb. to do＝urge that sb. (should) do30. 死于……die from...＝die of...死于污染/伤口die from pollution/a wound死于饥饿/感冒/年老die of hunger/a cold/old age31.习惯于做某事be used to doing sth.32. 使大众受益benefit the publicUnit 2Sports events1. 委员会committee2. 摔跤(运动)wrestling3.传统；风俗tradition传统的traditional4.光荣的，高尚的honourable光荣，荣誉；敬意，尊敬；给……荣誉honour5. 国家，民族；全体国民nation6. 著名的well－known7. 拳击手boxer拳击运动boxing8. 重量级拳击手；有影响力的人或事物heavyweight9. 锦标赛；冠军地位championship冠军，优胜者champion10. 水壶kettle11. 跨栏；难关，障碍hurdle12. 体操，体操训练gymnastics13. 最终的，最后的；决赛final14. 尝试，努力attempt15. 边界，界限boundary16. 社会运动；移动movement17. 鸟巢；巢穴，窝nest18. 体育场，运动场stadium19. 屋顶，顶部roof (复数roofs)20. 公民；居民citizen21. 背心，汗衫；坎肩 vest 22. 内衣 underwear23. 否则，不然 otherwise 24. 协会，社团；关联；联想 association (v.) associate25. 谷物；颗粒 grain 26. 常规(的) routine27. 起源，起因；出身 origin 28. 技术，工艺，技巧 technique 29. 保龄球运动 bowling 橄榄球运动 rugby 高尔夫球运动 golf 30. 洲，大陆 continent31. 特别的，不寻常的；与众不同的 unusual32. 雕 eagle33. 队友 teammate 34. 袋鼠 kangaroo 35. 射门，击球；射击；药物注射 shot 36. 裁判；推荐人 referee37. 哨子，口哨；呼啸，鸣叫；吹口哨 whistle38. 记者reporter1. 对……感到愉快 be delighted with...以……为乐 take delight/pleasure in sth.使某人高兴的是 to one's delight2. 具有重要意义 be of significance ＝significant3. 参与……竞争 compete in sth.为……和某人竞争 compete for sth. with sb.参与竞争 take part in a competition 竞争对手 competitor4. 在当代社会 in contemporary society现代史 contemporary history与某人同时代 be contemporary with sb.5. 赢得一枚金牌 win a gold medal6. 点燃奥运火焰 light the Olympic flame点燃一支蜡烛 light a candle 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle开始吸一根烟；放光彩；喜形于色 light up传递奥运火炬 carry the Olympic torch 7. 参加开幕式 attend an opening ceremony参加闭幕式 attend a closing ceremony 8. 缺席…… be absent from在某人不在的时候 in/during one's absence在某人面前；有某人在场 in sb.'s presence＝in the presence of sb.9. 令人兴奋的消息 exciting news 对……感到兴奋 be excited at/about... 使某人兴奋的是 to one's excitement 10. 领先 lead the way11. (在逆境中)坚持；紧紧抓住；不挂断(电话) hang on紧紧抓住…… hang on to sth. 闲荡，徘徊 hang around/about 悬挂；挂断电话 hang up12. 使某人欢乐的是 to one's joy13. 转交，传给，递给 pass sth. on (to sb.)14. 一种交通手段 a means of transport15. 每小时五十英里 fifty miles per hour16. 两块吐司 two slices of toast 为某人的健康干杯 toast one's health 向某人敬酒 toast sb.＝drink a toast to sb.17. 在室外玩耍 play outdoors 室外活动 outdoor activities 在室内玩耍 play indoors 室内活动 indoor activities 18. 频繁光顾 frequently visit ＝make frequent visits to一个常客 a frequent/regular customer 19. 超出预算 beyond budget 在预算以内 within budget增加预算add to/enlarge/increase a budget减少预算cut (down)/reduce a budget20. 把某人从……中开除remove sb. from...去除……上的污点remove a stain from...消除某人的疑虑remove one's doubts把某人从……移到……remove sb. from...to...21. 汽艇power boating有能力做have the power to do掌权come into power当权的in power某人所不及的beyond/out of one's power某人力所能及within one's power22.错误!23. 进一球score a goal达到目标achieve/reach one's goal24. 对某人不公平be unfair to sb.25. 苦味 a bitter taste一段痛苦的回忆 a bitter memory严冬 a bitter winter对……怨恨be bitter about...尖酸刻薄的话bitter words26. 期间meanwhile＝meantime＝in the meanwhile＝in the meantime27. 把……绑起来，系紧tie up把……拴在……上tie...to...商业上来往business ties打着蓝色领带wear a blue tie以平局结束end in a tie＝end in a draw28. 宝贵的生命precious life29. 打破记录break the record保持记录hold the record创记录set a record录制唱片make a record记录，记载keep a record of...＝record...30. 国际奥组委the International Olympic Committee申办奥运bid for the Olympic Games31.各自生活live/lead separate lives＝live/lead lives separately把……和……分开separate...from32. 非常好pretty goodUnit 3Tomorrow's world1.展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示presentation(v.) present2. 被动的passive主动的active3. 观光，游览sightseeing4. 幸福，快乐happiness(adj.) happy(adv.) happily5. (互联)网络network6. (广播、电视)演播室，制作室；工作室studio (复数studios)7. 消防队员firefighter8. 生物学biology9. 鲸whale10. 松鼠squirrel11. 城市的，城镇的urban农村的rural12. 规划；制订计划planning13. 街区；邻近的地方neighbourhood14. 操作人员operator15. 费用fee16. 内置的built－in17. 不用电的power－free18. 无需洗衣粉的powder－free19. 液体(的)liquid20. 逐渐暗淡，逐渐消失，衰退fade21. 调制解调器modem22. 显示器；监测器；班长；监控，监视monitor23. 打印机；印刷厂，印刷厂工人printer24. 最重要的，首要的，主要的；(公司或机构的)首领chief (复数chiefs)25. 侄子；外甥 nephew 侄女；外甥女 niece26. 聘用，雇用；租用，租借 hire 27. 蘑菇 mushroom28. 气体；天然气，煤气 gas 29. 恐龙 dinosaur30. 出口；离去，退场；出去(n. & v ．) exit31. 天花板；顶棚 ceiling 32. 向上，向高处 upwards33. (使沿某方向)快速移动；拉上拉链；拉链 zip34. 破旧的；疲惫的 worn35. (尤指大型或凶猛、独特的)动物 beast36. 错误!37. 霜；霜冻frost1. 虚拟现实 virtual reality把……变成现实 turn sth. into a reality 实际上，事实上 in reality2. 对……感到惊奇 be amazed at/by 令人惊讶的消息 amazing news3. 使增强，使增加，使扩大 add to4. 社会问题 social problems 社交技巧 social skills 在社会上 in society5. 进了制胜的一球 score a winning goal6. 对……有信心 be confident of sth./＋that 从句＝have confidence in/＋that 从句 失去自信 lose one's confidence 7.提出（观点、议案等） put forward8. 残疾人 disabled people ＝people with disabilities ＝the disabled9. 一份稳定的工作 a secure job保护……免受 secure sb./sth. against/from 安全感 a sense of security 保镖；保安 a security guard10. 在事故中受伤 be injured in an accident在战争中受伤 be wounded in a war 11. 至于，关于 as to ＝as for12. 处在不利地位 at a disadvantage 对某人不利的/地 to one's disadvantage13. 奶粉 milk powder 火药 gun powder14. 最后但同样重要的 last but not least15. 控告/谴责某人(做)某事 accuse sb. of (doing )sth.＝charge sb. with (doing) sth. 16. 起……作用 function as 功能，作用 function17. 扣上纽扣 fasten a button 解开纽扣 undo a button 按按钮 push a button扣上衬衫的纽扣 button (up) one's shirt18. 重视…… attach importance to 强调……重要性 stress/emphasize/underline the importance of...具有重要性 be of importance ＝important19. 一份打包的午饭 a packed lunch 打包，整装(行李) pack up把……装入…… pack sth. into... 一包香烟 a pack of cigarettes20. 沿着海岸走 walk along the shore 海岸上的一所房子 a house on the shore离岸两英里处的一只船 a boat two miles off the shore在离岸不远处 off shore 在岸上 on shore21. 在空中漂浮 float in the sky 22. 逃避现实 escape from reality逃离着火的房子 escape from a burning building＝escape out of a burning building逃避惩罚escape punishment＝escape being punished幸免于难 a narrow escape23. 处在恐惧中in terror由于恐惧尖叫scream with/in terror24. 造福人类benefit mankind25. 在强烈的阳光下in the strong sunlight26. 给某人留下……印象leave/make a．.. impression on sb.＝give sb. a．.. impression对……印象深刻be impressed by/at/with使某人铭记某事impress sb. with sth.＝impress sth. on sb.27. 使某人能够做enable sb. to do＝allow sb. to do28. 创办，建立，创立set up29. 关闭，使停业，使倒闭close down(临时)关门停业；(使)靠拢close up30. 表达某人的观点voice one's opinions＝express one's opinions高声地in a loud voice31. 强迫某人做force sb. to do＝force sb. into doing凭武力by force风力the force of wind。

Module 11Units 1～2M11U11. 木匠carpenter2. 职业，生涯；事业career3. 实际上，事实上actually4. 所谓的so－called5. 坐垫，靠垫cushion6. 手提箱suitcase7. 旅行箱；树干；象鼻trunk8. 食品杂货商grocer食品杂货店grocery9. 选择；选修课option(adj.) optional10. 律师lawyer11. 工资高的well－paid12. 地带，区域zone13. (为男士理发、修面的)理发师barber(男士)理发店barbershop14. 清洁工；吸尘器；清洁剂cleaner15. 神经；勇气nerve16. 杂草；除草weed17. 魔术师；巫师magician魔法；魔力；神奇的magic18. 洗澡；浴缸bath19. 绷带；用绷带包扎bandage20. 病房；选区ward21. 自信的self－confident自信self－confidence22. 艺术的；艺术家的artistic艺术家artist23. 现实的；逼真的realistic24. 裁缝；专门制作，定做tailor25. 钢琴家，钢琴师pianist26. 小提琴手violinist27. 图书馆管理员librarian28. 有事业心的，有进取心的enterprising29. 打字员typistM11U21. 工程(学)engineering2. 一场，一段时间；(法庭)开庭期；(大会)会期session3. 雇主，老板employer雇工，雇员employee4. 面试官；采访者interviewer被面试者；被采访者interviewee5. 使恢复精力，使凉爽；刷新，更新refresh6. 打哈欠，哈欠yawn7. 剃刀，剃须刀razor电动剃须刀shaver刮脸，刮胡子；剃，刮shave8. 保守的；守旧的conservative9. 交通环岛；迂回的，曲折的；拐弯抹角的roundabout10. 摆动，摇头或晃动手指wag11. 管理，经营；经营者；管理层management12. 受训者trainee教练trainer13. 整洁地；得体地；灵敏地smartly14. 汽车修理厂；车库garage15. 毕业文凭diploma16. 可视电话videophone17. (机构的)部门；分歧；划分；(数学)除，除法division (v.) divide18. 流利，流畅fluency(adj.) fluent19. 梯子，阶梯ladder20. 资金；基金fund21. 炉灶，灶具cooker厨师cook22. 停车位；停车parking(v.)park23. 标点符号punctuationM11U11. 合适，适宜be suited to2. 从事，着手做某事go about doing sth.＝set about doing sth.＝set out to do sth.四处走动go about＝get around3. 非常冷静as cool as a cucumber4. 非常狡猾as sly as a fox5. 非常精明as sharp as a spear6. 武术(常用复数形式)martial art7. 从……中获得乐趣take pleasure in为享受，为消遣for pleasure非常愿意with pleasure不用谢it's my/a pleasure＝my pleasureM11U21. 附信 a covering letter2. 休生活实践年take a gap year3. 不假思索地off the top of one's head4. 紧张，忐忑不安have butterflies in one's stomach5. 考虑到make allowance(s) for＝allow for6. 注视某人，直视某人look sb. in the eye(s)＝look into one's eyes7. 跟进，补充，采取后续行为follow up8. 使某人略占优势give sb. the edge比……占优势have the edge over/on...在……边缘at/on the edge of...9. 十分容易，轻而易举as easy as pie＝as easy as ABC10. 觉得轻松自在feel relaxed令人放松的relaxing(n.) relaxation11. 善于与团队合作的成员 a team player12. 作为对……的回应/答复in response to回应；答复respond to13. 打开/关掉灯turn on/off the light＝switch on/off the light从做……转到……switch from doing... to doing14. 把钉子钉进……drive a nail into咬指甲bite one's nail15. 南极the Antarctic北极the Artic1. 这些人做着此类平凡却必不可少的工作，使其他人得以继续他们的日常生活。

专题六 非谓语动词常考点非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。

非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。

解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。

非谓语 功能形式 动名词 具有名词功能，常在句中作主语，宾语主动式doing 被动式 being done 完成式 having done/having been done 现在 分词 表主动和正在进行， 常在句中作定语， 状语，宾补一般式 doing 完成式 having done 过去 分词 表被动和已完成，常在句中作定语，状语，补语一般式 done 进行式 being done 完成式 having been done 动词 不定式表将来具体某一次，常在句中作主语，定语，状语，补语，宾语等 一般式 to do/to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done/to have beendone 1 动名词和不定式作主语①如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。

如： To see is to believe.＝Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。

如：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：动词不定式的复合结构有两种：It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do 。