雅思大作文词汇与句型总结
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英语语法大全学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法:1、词类:英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如:boy, morning, bag, ball,class, orange.2、代词(pron。
):主要用来代替名词.如:who, she, you, it 。
3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如:good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num。
):表示数目或事物的顺序。
如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v。
): 表示动作或状态。
如:am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等.如:now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly。
7、冠词(art。
):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如:a, an, the.8、介词(prep.): 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from,above, behind。
9、连词(conj。
):用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj。
.)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语.1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么"。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”.主要由动词担任。
如:Jack cleans theroom every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
雅思大作文真好词好句好词好句好段摘抄1:好词:“ubiquitous(无处不在的)”好句:In modern society, advertisements are ubiquitous, popping up on every street corner and digital platform.小片段例子:You know, these days, it's like advertisements are somesort of super - invaders. They're ubiquitous! I was just walking down the street the other day, and boom! There were billboards everywhere. And then I get on my phone, and it's like they've taken over my social media too.It's like they're little digital elves that sneak into every nook and cranny of our lives. Seriously, can you ever escape them? I don't think so. So, yeah, in modern society, advertisements are truly ubiquitous, popping up on every street corner and digital platform.好词好句好段摘抄2:好词:“inextricably(不可分割地)”好句:In today's globalized world, economic development is inextricably linked to environmental protection.小片段例子:Look here. We live in this big global village now. It'slike a huge, complicated web. Economic development and environmental protection? They're like two threads that are inextricably woven together.I was talking to my friend Tom. He's all about making money, running his little business. But then his factory was polluting the river nearby. The local fishermen were so mad. They said, "Hey, if you keep this up, there won't be any fish left, and then your business won't have any customerseither." It made Tom think. See? In today's globalized world, economic development is inextricably linked to environmental protection.好词好句好段摘抄3:好词:“mitigate(减轻;缓和)”好句:Governments should take effective measures to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanization.小片段例子:Urbanization is like a wild horse running through our lives. It brings a lot of good stuff, but also some bad things. I was chattingwith my neighbor, Mrs. Smith. She used to live in a small, peaceful village. Now she's in the city, and she's always complaining about the noise and pollution. I told her, "Well, the government should do something." Theyneed to take effective measures to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanization. It's like putting a bridle on that wild horse, so it doesn't run amok and trample on our quality of life. Because if they don't, what kind of future are we going to have?好词好句好段摘抄4:好词:“prudent(谨慎的;精明的)”好句:A prudent approach is required when dealing with complex international relations.小片段例子:International relations are like a super - tricky game of chess. There are so many players and so many moves. I remember when my cousin was working at the embassy. He told me all these stories about how one wrong move could lead to big problems. He said countries need to be prudent. It's like walking on a tightrope. You can't just rush in. For example, when two countries have a trade dispute, if they're not prudent,it could turn into a full - blown economic war. And that would hurt a whole lot of people. So, a prudent approach is required when dealing with complex international relations.好词好句好段摘抄5:好词:“compelling(令人信服的;引人入胜的)”好句:The documentary presented a compelling argument about the importance of wildlife conservation.小片段例子:I watched this documentary the other day. Oh my god, it was amazing! It was all about wildlife conservation. The way they presented the information was so compelling. It was like they were pulling me into this whole new world. I was with my family, and we all just sat there, glued to the screen. My little sister was like, "Wow, we really need to do something to save those animals." And she's right. The documentary presented a compelling argument about the importance of wildlife conservation. It was like a wake - up call for all of us. It made us realize that we can't just sit around and let these beautiful creatures disappear.好词好句好段摘抄6:好词:“pervasive(普遍的;到处渗透的)”好句:The influence of social media is pervasive, affecting people of all ages.小片段例子:Social media! It's everywhere, man. It's like a virus that has infected the whole world. I was at a family gathering the other day. My grandma, who's like 80 years old, was on her tablet, scrolling through Facebook. And my little nephew, who's only 5, was watching YouTube videos on my phone. It's crazy! The influence of social media is pervasive,affecting people of all ages. I mean, think about it. It's changed the way we communicate, the way we think, and even the way we see ourselves. It's like a big, invisible force that has seeped into every aspect of our lives.好词好句好段摘抄7:好词:“alleviate(减轻;缓解)”好句:Volunteer work can alleviate the suffering of those in need.小片段例子:I once joined a volunteer group. There were all kinds of people there, young and old. We went to a poor neighborhood. There were families there who were really struggling. One family had a sick child, and they couldn't afford proper medical treatment. It was heart - breaking. But when we started helping them, you could see a glimmer of hope in their eyes. Volunteer work can alleviate the suffering of those in need. It's like a warm ray of sunshine breaking through the dark clouds. We might not be able to solve all their problems, but we can make their lives a little bit easier. And that's what matters, right?好词好句好段摘抄8:好词:“substantiate(证实;使实体化)”好句:Scientists need to substantiate their theories with solid evidence.小片段例子:My friend Jack wants to be a scientist. He's always coming up with these wild theories. One time, he said he thought there was a new type of energy that no one had discovered yet. I was like, "That's cool, Jack, but you need to substantiate it with solid evidence." It's like building a house. You can't just have a blueprint and say it's a real house. You need bricks and mortar. Scientists are the same. They can't just saysomething is true without evidence. Otherwise, it's just a fairy tale. So, scientists need to substantiate their theories with solid evidence.好词好句好段摘抄9:好词:“inexorable(不可阻挡的;无法改变的)”好句:The trend towards globalization is inexorable, and countries must adapt to it.小片段例子:Globalization is like a huge tidal wave. It just keeps coming, and there's no stopping it. I was talking to a business owner. He used to only sell his products locally. But then he saw all these foreign products coming in, and his customers were starting to buy them. Herealized he had to do something. The trend towards globalization is inexorable, and countries must adapt to it. It's like being on a trainthat's moving at full speed. You can't just jump off. You have to figure out how to make the best of the ride. If countries don't adapt, they'll be left behind in this fast - paced world.好词好句好段摘抄10:好词:“discrepancy(差异;不符)”好句:There is a significant discrepancy between the rich and the poor in many countries.小片段例子:I was in a big city once. I saw these huge mansions on one side of the street, and then just a few blocks away, there were people living in shabby shacks. It was a shock. There is a significant discrepancy between the rich and the poor in many countries. It's like there are two different worlds existing side by side. I talked to a homeless man. He told me how hard it was just to get a meal. And then I saw a rich guy gettingout of his luxury car, not even noticing the people around him. It's not right. We need to do something to bridge this gap. Because a society with such a big discrepancy can't be a healthy one.。
雅思写作核心语料库Part 11 offer a sense of job satisfaction and security带来工作的满意感和安全感2lay a solid professional working experience 累积扎实的工作经验3 reduce/cut down expenditure 减少支出4increase/generate job opportunities创建就业时机6promote talent introduction and exchange促令人材的引进与沟通7keep skills fresh and up-to-date 保证技术的不落后9lay a solid foundation for 确立坚固的基础10 pave the way for the future/development 为将来摊平了道路11foster a sense of competition and cooperation培育合作感与竞争感 12cultivate the spirit of team working 培育团队合作精神13master interpersonal skills 掌握人及关系技巧 14widen one ’ s knowledge拓宽知识面15enrich one’ s social and life experience丰富社会与人生经历16enlarge one’ s view/broaden one’拓s宽horizon视线17realize the value of life 实现人生价值18surmount /overcome / win over /master difficulties 战胜困难19grasp good communication skills 掌握人际沟通技巧20remove misunderstanding and discrimination 除去误会与鄙视21keep balance between work and family 保持事业与家庭的均衡 22raise the standard of living提升生活水平25enrich people ’ s spiritual丰life富人们的精神生活26promote social skills and competence提升交际技巧与能力 27strengthen the family ties促使家庭团结28cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培育激烈的责任感29bring joys and comforts to sb带来欢乐与舒坦30usher in a brand-new life-style引入崭新的生活方式31relieve the pressure of 缓解压力32maintain the community stability 保持社会的稳固33improve the utilization rate of energy resources提升能源的利用率34make full use of 充足利用35satisfy people ’ s needs/meet the demands of满people足人们的需求 36promote the development of relative industries促使有关家产的发展 37stimulate domestic needs刺激国内需求38 impel economic development促使经济的发展39generate jobs, income and tax revenues扩大就业时机,提升收入40enhance mutual understanding促使互相的理解41boost local development促使当地的发展42promote cultural exchange and cooperation促使文化的沟通与合作43enrich one’ s experience of丰life富人生经历44strengthen the ties with outside world增强与外面世界的联系 46foster a climate of peace and prosperity创建和平繁华的氛围 47stimulate our feelings of togetherness激发团结48maintain a natural balance 保持自然均衡 49reduce thelabor intensity 降低劳动强度50stimulate one’ s imagination and intereststh刺激人们的想象里与兴趣51accelerate the flow of information 加快信息的流动52prvide more business opportunities 供给商机53increase the productivity 提升生产力54create more opportunities for education创建受教育的时机55improve educational conditions 改良教育条件56release people from hard manual work令人们从沉重的体力劳动中解脱出来57speed up technical innovation 加快技术改革58better the development of human society完好人力资源的发展60bring immeasurable economic benefits 带来巨大的经济效益Part2 缺点1put sb or sth at risk 使---冒风险3be lack of a sense of job security 缺乏工作的安全感 4distract sb from doing sth 是某人从某事中分心5impose a heave strain on 来巨大的力 6beexaggerated and cheating夸张且欺的7be the invasion of privacy 入侵私8violate rights of free speech入侵言自由的利9endanger social stability and safety危害到社会的定与安全10restrain sb from doing 限制某人做某事14go astray 入歧路15undermine local culture 破当地文化16jeopardize the safety and stability of the society损坏社会的安全与定17set a bad example to立坏的榜18lead to the extinction of some species 致一些物种的 19resultin shortage of energy and natural resources致能源的欠缺21 to cause the estrangement/isolation/alienation between A and B 致了 A 与 B 之的疏22bring disgrace on sb ---来羞耻23suffer heavy losses 失沉重24easily cause stress-related illnesses简单致与力有关的疾病25lack basic infrastructures 缺乏基施26break the ecological balance破生均衡27lead to extravagant waste of public funds致公共金的极度浪28make⋯ in disorder 使杂乱30be harmful to our physical and mental and health害身心健康31lead to degradation of social atmosphere世日下32further widen the gaps between the rich and the poor 一步加大富之的差距 33be the drying up of our limited natural resources and the deterioration of the environment 有限的自然源的枯竭和境的化34contaminate environment 染境37 be a root of all evils 万恶之源38be easily taken in by 简单被欺诈39aggravate the traffic jams and worsen the crowdedness使交通拥塞和拥堵更加恶化40will pay a high price for this negative development of 为。
雅思写作实用高分句型总结在雅思写作考试中,要求各位考生所表达的句子是多样的,而且要求有必须精确表达的实力。
今日我为大家总结了一些雅思写作高分句型,盼望能协助到各位考生在备考中多多积累,主要还是能敏捷的应用这些句型。
雅思写作管用高分句型总结1.状语前置所谓状语前置就是把状语(副词,介词短语,分词,不定式)放到句首。
考官会频繁运用这种语法构造,而许多考生却没有意识,这种句式通过一堆长句子中出现一个小短语,可以让句子产生长短结合的紧凑感,实例如下:1)Unfortunately, professionals from other fields who make a much greater contribution to human society, are paid so much less that it is hard to disagree with the statement.2)Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills.3)Like self-awareness, this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be most important for achievinghappiness.4)As a result of media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities.5)With the political will, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce.2.句中插入短语和状语前置类似,长句子中间插入一个小短语,可以让句子读起来更轻松敏捷。
第一节小作文常用词汇句型•读数据•up to/as much as 多达...在1980年和1985年间房价跌了40%。
House price fell as much as 40% between 1980 and 1985.•only、no more than仅仅网站经济仅占国家GDP的1%。
The web economy represents a mere 1% of the country’s GDP.•top、exceed超过在2006年出口超过了100亿美元。
Exports topped /exceeded $10 billion in2006.•less than少于、more than多于超过1/3的英国人口经常难以入睡。
More than one third of the British population has trouble sleeping from time to time. •above、below鱼的消费量在50g以下。
The consumption of fish was below 50 grams.•remaining剩余的药品占了公司收入的30%,货物占了40%,车占了剩下的30%。
Medicine represented 30% of the company’s revenues,merchandise(货物产品)40% and vehicles the remaining 30%.•an all-time high/low历史最高/低值油价在2010年到达历史最高值。
The price of oil reached an all-time high in 2010.•ranging...from...在...范围内价格不稳定,在20美元到40美元之间。
The price was volatile,ranging from $20 to $40.•respectively分别地世界耕地退化是由放牧和滥砍滥伐所致,这两个因素分别占25%和40%.Animal grazing and deforestation constitute 25% and 40% of the world’s land degradation respectively.•peak at到达最高点英国的犯罪率在1999年是最高的,差不多是9%。
雅思写作真经词汇和例句【导语】雅思写作是检验考生英语表达能力和逻辑思维的重要环节。
掌握一些真经词汇和经典例句,有助于提升文章质量,赢得高分。
以下整理了一些雅思写作真经词汇及例句,供大家参考。
一、雅思写作真经词汇cation 教育类- facilitate 促进- transmission 传授- curriculum 课程- counterparts 同龄人2.Environment 环境类- sustainable 可持续的- conservation 保护- ecosystem 生态系统- carbon footprint 碳足迹3.Technology 科技类- innovation 创新- automation 自动化- cyber space 网络空间- artificial intelligence 人工智能4.Culture 文化类- diversity 多样性- heritage 遗产- preservation 保留- globalization 全球化二、雅思写作经典例句cation 教育类- Education should facilitate the development of individuals" potential rather than merely transmit knowledge.教育应促进个人潜能的发展,而不仅仅是传授知识。
2.Environment 环境类- It is crucial to take measures to achieve sustainable development and conservation of the environment.采取实现可持续发展和环境保护的措施至关重要。
3.Technology 科技类- The rapid development of technology has led to automation and innovation in various fields.科技的快速发展导致了各个领域的自动化和创新。
雅思写作分论点句型总结1.因为/所以句型:for the reason that ... (=therefore),因为...的原因,从...的角度来看。
2.重要性:It is important /significant that ... (重要性),此事之所以重要,是因为...3.比较:compared with other similar events,与其他相似的事件相比较,此事件的重要性或意义是什么。
4.例子:For example,举例来说,例如...5.相关性:There is a strong relationship between ... (两者之间),两者具有很大的关联性。
6.因果关系:As a result,结果是,因为... (=because),由于... (=as a result of),因此...7.对比:compared with others,与其他人相比,此事件的特点和重要性是什么。
8.最佳证据:The best evidence available so far suggests that ... (到目前为止所获得的最佳证据表明...)9.数据统计:According to statistics,根据统计数据显示,据统计...10.引言:In the first place,首先,其一,首先...11.定义:Define what it is to ... (定义),给... 下定义。
12.解释说明:To explain what is meant by ...,用...来解释说明。
13.举例:To illustrate how ... (=to give an example of),用... 来举例说明。
14.比较对照:In comparison,与...相比较,此事件的特点和重要性是什么。
15.建议:I suggest that ... (=I suggest that we do something),我建议...。
雅思写作70个必备句型句句干货雅思写作70个必备句型句句干货,帮助大家在一个小时之内写出一手漂亮的作文,合理安排开始时间,熟记下面的必备句型,考试的时候将会有一定的辅助作用,感兴趣的同学赶紧来看看吧!雅思写作70个必备句型详细内容如下:1.It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型She had said what it was necessary to say。
2.强调句型It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us。
3.“All+抽象名词〞或“抽象名词+itself〞(very+形容词)|He was all gentleness to her。
4.利用词汇重复表示强调A crime is a crime。
5.“something(much)of〞和“nothing(little)of〞“something of〞相当于“to some extent〞,表示程度。
在疑问句或条件从句中,那么为“anything of 〞,可译为“有点〞,“略微等。
〞“译为毫无〞,“全无〞。
“much of〞译为“大有〞,“not much of〞可译为“算不上〞,“称不上〞,“little of〞可译为“几乎无〞。
something like译为“有点像,略似。
〞They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar。
6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物,“of〞以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语,以修饰“of〞后面的那个名词。
如“her ol d sharper of a father〞,可译为:“她那骗子般的父亲〞。
Those pigs of girls eat so much。
7.as…as…can(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be。
雅思写作高分秘籍主打时态:一般现在时/现在完成时/一般将来时/现在进行时牢记:●双谓语,如果被考官发现有双谓语,5分就是顶头了。
解决办法:to do/doing不要被汉语中的,“有多少人做什么事”所欺骗,目前,有越来越多的人出国留学●主谓不一致,注意下列表达做主语的谓语变化:PeopleNews/by means ofTo do/doing句子●词性误用一,名词的适度扩展a)介词短语后置:introduction about the function of productsb)动词不定式后置(可加适度的状语):the plan to build more roads(soon/after a month/before caraccidents happen)c)分词后置(可加适度的状语)(现在分词doing/过去分词done): the criticism heard often isthat …/private cars causing severe pollution to the environment keep rising1,与市场和服务的相关信息大部分要从广告中得到2,短时间内要控制住污染的计划几乎是不可能的简单句主要句型(主动)1,主+谓+宾(最流行)2,主+谓(最简单)●整个社会将会受益:The whole society/community will benefit.●有很强意志的人容易成功People with strong willpower succeed easily●我必将成功I will surely/definitely succeed.3 there be +There be 句式There has/have beenThere have been more and more developing countries to pay attention to environmental protectionThere will beIf immigrants adopt local customs and habits, there will be fewer and fewer conflictsThere seems to beThere seems to be more and more findings showing nature and nurture are interactingThere is a growing trend/tendency that…There is a growing trend that modern buildings are built in traditional stylesThere is little room for doubt thatThere is little room for doubt that frequent job hopping makes job hoppers in dangerThere is bound to beThere is bound to be another convincing reason to be against the view●似乎有愈来愈多人使用因特网获取信息●如果私家车持续增长,新鲜空气就会越来越少●越来越多的人在外面吃饭来放松呈现不断上升的趋势●几乎不用怀疑,只学习一门课程不能拓宽知识面●越来越多的人都认可,十八岁才适合学车●注定有一些人反对这个观点4 主+系动词+表语Get/become/sound/remai n/seem/prove=turn out to be●情况变得越来越糟糕Things are becoming worse and worse污染变得越来越严重Pollution is getting increasingly serious.●哪个因素会有更大的影响一直难以预测/一直是个谜.Which factor has greaterEffects remains unpredictable/a mystery.●是否应该在小区建学校似乎是很有争议的Whether a school need to be built seems to be disputable/controversial●手机似乎变得越来越流行●对于减肥,饮食要丰富证明是很有效的For losing weight, eating a variety of food proves/turns out to be effective/productive. 主系表句式练习:1 海外留学生应该变得心胸开阔2大学生活变得越来越乏味3 孩子们过去依赖父母,现在却变得越来独立了4 有的解决办法听起来很实用5问题似乎很复杂5 主谓宾+宾补一、主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词(做补语)●Keep sb well-informed/fed/dressed/equipped/up-to-dateAdvertisements keep us well-informed about products大城市可以使我们丰衣足食Make/find feel it impossible/possible/easy/difficult/well-known/clear/necessary/an undoubted fact/an inescapable factThe invention of air plane makes it possible to travel around the world in a short period私家车的快速增长是我们呼吸到新鲜空气成为几乎不太可能大部分家长明确表示,体罚对学生的身心产生了负面的影响越来越糟糕的家庭关系使人们花太多的时间在工作和学习上成为无法逃避的事实几乎所有国家都感到采取有效措施来控制污染时十分必要的二、主语+谓语+宾语+名词(做补语)●名词系列Take/consider//treat it as +nWe consider the practice of censorship a violation of human rights有的人把安装监控器当成是对隐私的侵犯三、主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语(做补语)Take it for grantedPut sb in danger/risk有的人把穿校服可以改善学生的行为当成一种想当然有的人把国际旅游业的发展可以加强国家之间的团结当成一种想当然旅游业的发展是脆弱的生态系统处于危险之中保命句式:● A 对 B 有好处A benefit B/ A is beneficial to B/A brings immediate/economic/cultural benefits to B/A does a good job to B/A is favorable to B/A is conducive to B● A 对 B 有坏处A harm B/ A is harmful to B/A causes harms/risks/dangers to B/A is detrimental to B/, A is unfavorable to B● A 在…. 发挥了……作用A plays/fills a(an) important/vital/crucial/essential/significant/major (重要的) rolea(an) key/leading/indispensable(关键/首屈一指的)an educational (教育的)a supervisory/watchdog (监督的)a recreational (娱乐的)a deterring (震慑的)role/part(作用) in …B● A 在。
原创词汇总结,都是我为IELTS作文看报纸收集的. Warning: 不要以为有好词就能拿高分,我认为词汇只能排第三。
1.观点与论证力度.2文章结构,是否通顺流畅3词汇。
不同意 I would certainly oppose changing the system [+ ing form of verb] She's opposed to religious education in schools.--be opposed to sth to disagree -with a principle or plan:--- Are you for or against my proposal He objects to the label 'magician' which he is often given. Her objection to/against the plan is based on incorrect facts 同意 Have they assented to (= agreed to) the terms of the contract?--『Formal』 She advocates taking a more long-term view.[+ ing form of verb] He advocates the return of capital punishment. I think you were quite justified in complaining『having a good reason for something』 I generally favour travelling by night, when the roads are quiet. But the federal Training Minister disputes crisis calls from employers, 问题出现 One of the disquieting facts stemming from this is that plastic bags can become serial killers This has resulted in a ban on plastic bags being imposed there early in 2002. an increasingly crowded curriculum, maths is being sidelined. township hospitals are running at a loss or are on the verge of collapse. The world's tropical forests continue to disappear with disheartening speed from September through to December airborne pollen from olive blossoms is contributing to asthma and hay fever problems But recently a new trend has been evident - one person living in a house the rise and rise of the single person household. 问题原因 This could be due to the fact that HDPE bags can not be put out for collection with other household recyclables The problem arises partly because charities have outposts in areas of conflict: Another cause for concern,the use of (DU), may also be less of a problem than many fear Another current concern about China is that 。
The PCAU has found that even though bombs, troop movements and landmines caused awful problems in Afghanistan, the most serious long-term consequences have resulted from the uncontrolled use of resources, particularly the cutting of t says the drain is symptomatic of a maths crisis that has its origins in the classroom. But that had more to do with the collapse of investment in America than with the rise in China The pact of 2000 owed more to Nelson Mandela's patient mediation than to the Burundian elite's own desire for peace 解决问题 the world woke up to the issue Different countries have adopted a range of approaches to discourage the use of plastic bags in an attempt to cut down on the number of bags finding their way into the environment the government has implemented new regulations that will see only thicker, more durable plastic bags produced. Recycling your plastic shopping bags is one of the most obvious courses of action Given the costs and inconvenience associated with recycling, and the fact that reuse only delays the plastic entering the environment, the most sensible option is to cut down on the number of plastic bags that you use, or stop using them altogether. There are a range of alternatives to plastic bags The seriousness of any of these problems will depend largely on the length and severity of the war, and on how quickly aid agencies can get in afterwards. Rather than fight through the courts park by park, reserve by reserve, theGovernment has opted to negotiate with them. Faced with those perennial challenges renewables like solar power are becoming more viable options, particularly in smaller, more remote communties. 坏的影响 A rise in interest rates would severely retard economic growth.(延缓) High winds have hindered firefighters in their efforts to put out the blaze(阻) irreversible destruction of rainforests Storms hampered the American-led advance on the city, bringing some convoys to a standstill(to prevent someone doing something easily) They were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come( sudden event that causes very great trouble or destruction) The emigration of scientists is a catastrophe for the country(a bad situation) The approaching cyclone could exact a huge toll(cause a lot of damage; cause many deaths:) Flash floods cause havoc in Thai capital The last few months have seen the progressive meltdown of the country's political system.( complete failure, especially in financial matters) Fighting and shortages have brought normal life to a virtual standstill in the city(a condition in which all movement or activity has stopped) spell a diseaster cheating generates numerous unfavorable results What concerns many people is that the long term effects of consuming such foods cannot be predicted Once let loose into the environment, plastic bags can cause considerable harm, blocking drains and suffocating wildlife mistaking the bag for food. Plastic shopping bags have a surprisingly significant environmental impact for something so seemingly innocuous As well as being an eyesore (next time you are outside, have a look around - you'll be amazed at the number of plastic bags littering our streets and waterways), plastic shopping bags kill large numbers of wildlife each year.『句型 as well as +ing ,』 China's success at building bikes has undermined production of two-wheeled vehicles everywhere But away from the orderly plantings and the managed olive groves, there's apotentially disastrous downside. In the foothills, some are calling it and environmental calamity. 影响程度 The fire caused considerable damage to the church. She's been a tremendous (= very great) help to me over the last few months The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment. near historically unprecedented levels 表数量 a large number of overwelming number of a fraction of ...a small part of enormous proportion of the majority ..the minority. Widows make up the bulk of the group but their proportion is declining, 好的影响 There's a flourishing trade in second-hand video machines. His business thrived in the years before the war a thriving economy The leisure industry is booming (= is very successful) . Newspaper stands is growing briskly 其它 its phenomenally fast growth can be sustained only at the expense of other economies, both developed and developing。