【推荐】模拟练习：雅思阅读练习题-18word版本 (1页)

雅思阅读练习题（打印版）题目一：环境变化对生物多样性的影响问题：1. 环境变化对生物种群的总体影响是什么？2. 为什么某些物种能够适应环境变化而其他物种则不能？3. 人类活动如何影响生物多样性？4. 保护生物多样性的措施有哪些？题目二：教育对个人发展的重要性问题：1. 教育如何影响个人的职业发展？2. 教育对于社会经济发展的作用是什么？3. 为什么终身学习是现代社会的一个重要趋势？4. 教育不平等问题如何解决？题目三：城市化进程中的挑战问题：1. 城市化给环境带来了哪些挑战？2. 城市化如何影响社会结构？3. 城市化进程中，政府应如何平衡经济发展与居民生活质量？4. 城市化对农村地区的影响有哪些？题目四：健康生活方式的重要性问题：1. 健康生活方式对于预防疾病的作用是什么？2. 为什么运动是健康生活方式的重要组成部分？3. 健康饮食的重要性体现在哪些方面？4. 如何克服不良生活习惯，培养健康的生活方式？题目五：科技在教育中的应用问题：1. 科技如何改变传统的教育模式？2. 在线教育与传统教育相比有哪些优势和劣势？3. 科技在教育中应用的挑战有哪些？4. 如何确保科技在教育中的有效应用？题目六：气候变化的全球影响问题：1. 气候变化对全球经济的潜在影响是什么？2. 气候变化如何影响农业和粮食安全？3. 应对气候变化的国际合作现状如何？4. 个人和社区如何参与到应对气候变化的行动中？题目七：社交媒体对人际关系的影响问题：1. 社交媒体如何改变人们的交流方式？2. 社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响是什么？3. 社交媒体在社会运动中的作用有哪些？4. 如何平衡社交媒体的使用与现实生活的联系？题目八：旅游业对经济和文化的影响问题：1. 旅游业对当地经济的促进作用是什么？2. 旅游业如何影响文化遗产的保护？3. 旅游业对环境的负面影响有哪些？4. 可持续旅游的概念及其重要性是什么？请根据以上题目进行阅读练习，注意理解文章主旨，掌握细节信息，并能够回答相关问题。

雅思考试模拟试题及答案（阅读部分雅思考试模拟试题及答案(阅读部分）以下是应届毕业生网店铺为同学们收集雅思考试模拟试题及答案(阅读部分)，供大家参考!1.Everyone in a particular society recognizes social roles: father, mother, child, teacher, student, police officer, store clerk, doctor, judge, political leader, and so on. Every culture expects certain types of behavior from people who play certain social roles. Anyone occupying a given position is expected to adopt a specific attitude. A store clerk is expected to take care of customers patiently and politely, and a judge is expected to make wise and fair decisions about laws.Informal social roles are not always easy to recognize, but can be identified with careful research. They are key indicators of a group's health and happiness. Within the family, one informal role is the family hero, the person who defines integrity and upholds family morality. Others are the family arbitrator, the person who keeps the peace, and the family historian, often a grandparent, who relays valuable cultural information that maintains both the family and the larger society. And finally, there is the family friend, the person who provides comfort and companionship to the family members with emotional needs.1.Why does the author mention a store clerk and a judge in paragraph 1?A. To give examples of people who hold positions of respects.B. To explain why social roles are important to a society.C. To illustrate the behavior required of certain social roles.D. To compare the responsibilities of two different occupations.2.Why does the author use the term key indicators in discussing informal social roles?A.To identify the most important type of social roles.B.To explain how to identify informal social rolesC.To point out that informal roles are unique to familiesD.To emphasize the value of informal roles to a group答案:1.C2.D2.The many part of the earth’s atmosphere are linked with the various parts of the earth’s surface to produce a whole---the climate system. Different par ts of the earth’s surface react to the energy of the sun in different ways. For example, ice and snow reflect much of it. Land surfaces absorb solar energy and heat up rapidly. Oceans store the energy without experiencing a significant temperature rise. Thus, the different types of surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere at different rates.We can view climate as existing in three domains: space, time, and human perception. In the domain of space, we can study local, regional, and global climates. In time, we can look at the climate for a year, a decade, a millennium, and so forth. Finally, we depend on our perceptions of the data, so we must include our own human perception into our model. Human perception must be included if our understanding of climatic processes is to be translated into societal actions. As a society, we make informed choices about how to use the beneficial effects of climate, such as deciding when and where to plant crops. We also make choices about how to minimize the harmful effects of climate---storms, blizzards, and droughts.1.Why does the author discuss different parts of the earth’s surface in paragraph 1?A.To explain why humans live in some parts but not in othersB.To show that the entire earth is made of the same materialsC.To compare how various surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphereD.To describe changes in the earth’s appearance throughout the year.2.According to the author, why must we include human perception in our study of climate?A.We must interpret data and take actions related to climateB.We must create an interesting model of the climate systemC.We must develop an understanding of our environmentD.We must change our traditional ways of studying climate.(思考)3. Read the sentence below and write an essay which will have a minimum of 100 words.Our understanding of climatic processes is to be translated into societal actions.答案：1.C2.A3. veral men have been responsible for promoting forestry asa profession. Foremost was Gifford Pinchot, the father of the professional forestry in America. He was chief of the Forest Service from 1898 until 1910, working with President Theodore Roosevelt to instigate sound conservation practices in forests. Later he was professor of forestry and founder of the Pinchot School of Forestry at Yale University. Another great forester was Dr. Bernard E. Fernow, the first head of the U.S. Forest Service. He organized the first American school of professional forestry at Cornell University.The foresters of today, like Pinchot and Fernow in the past, plan and supervise the growth, protection, and utilization of trees.They make maps of forest areas, estimate the amount of standing timber and future growth, and manage timber sales. They also protect the trees from fire, harmful insects, and disease. Some foresters may be responsible for other duties, ranging from wildlife protection and watershed management to the development and supervision of camps, parks, and grazing lands. Others do research, provide information to forest owners and to the general public, and teach in colleges and universities.1.Why does the author compare Pinchot and Fernow to the foresters of today?A.To describe different philosophies of forestry managementB.To show how the field of forestry has changed in 100 yearsC.To argue for the expansion of university forestry programsD.To introduce the type of work done by professional foresters2.All of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPTA.what foresters do besides protecting treesB.how to select a good school of forestryC.people who promoted forestry as a careerD.management of timber and timber sales3. Think about how professors can contribute their wisdom to the public affairs. Write down your contemplations in a essay which have a minimum of 100 words.答案 :1.D2.B4. clothing to declare their membership in a particular social group; however, the rules for what is acceptable dress for that group may change. In affluent societies, this changing of the rules is the driving force behind fashions. By keeping up with fashions, that is, by changing their clothing style frequently butsimultaneously, members of a group both satisfy their desire for novelty and obey the rules, thus demonstrating their membership in the group.There are some interesting variations regarding individual status. Some people, particularly in the West, consider themselves of such high status that they do not need to display it with their clothing. For example, many wealthy people in the entertainment industry appear in very casual clothes, such as the worn jeans and work boots of a manual laborer. However, it is likely that a subtle but important signal, such as an expensive wristwatch, will prevail over the message of the casual dress. Such an inverted status display is most likely to occur where the person’s high status is conveyed in ways other than with clothing, such as having a famous face.1.According to the author, fashions serve all the following purposes EXCEPTA.satisfying an interest in noveltyB.signaling a change in personal beliefsC.displaying membership in a social groupD.following traditional rules2.Why does the author discuss individual status in paragraph 2?A.To state that individuals status is not important in the WestB.To argue that individuals need not obey every fashion ruleC.To contrast the status of entertainers with that of manual laborersD.To explain how high status may involve an inverted status display3. with the booming economy and rising status, Chinese people are beginning to remember the clothing belonging to ourown nation which is called “han fu”(汉服)，and some youth have worn them in some traditional festivals. Please write an essay to express your own thinking.答案：1.B2.DThe war for independence from Britain was a long and economically costly conflict. The New England fishing industry was temporarily destroyed, and the tobacco colonies in the South were also hard hit. The trade in imports was severely affected, since the war was fought against the country that had previously monopolized the colonies’ supply of manufactured goods. The most serious consequences were felt in the cities, whose existence depended on commercial activity. Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston were all occupied for a time by British troops. Even when the troops had left, British ships lurked in the harbors and continued to disrupt trade.American income from shipbuilding and commerce declined abruptly, undermining the entire economy of the urban areas. The decline in trade brought a fall in the American standard of living. Unemployed shipwrights, dock laborers, and coopers drifted off to find work on farms and in small villages. Some of them joined the Continental army, or if they were loyal to Britain, they departed with the British forces. The population of the New York City declined from 21,000 in 1774 to less than half that number only nine years later in 1783.The disruptions produced by the fighting of the war, by the loss of established markets for manufactured goods, by the loss of sources of credit, and by the lack of new investment all created a period of economic stagnation that lasted for the next twenty years.1.Why does the author mention the fishing industry and the tobacoo colonies?A. to show how the war for independence affected the economyB. to compare the economic power of two different regionsC. to identify the two largest commercial enterprises in AmericaD. to give examples of industries controlled by British forces2. Why does the author mention the population of New York City in paragraph 2?A. to show that half of New York remained loyal to BritainB. to compare New York with other cities occupied during the warC. to emphasize the great short-term cost of the war for New YorkD. to illustrate the percentage of homeless people in New York3. Chinese people had fought for independence from foreign countries for more than 100 years; we had lost lands, powers, resources and lives during that period. Today, China faces a new challenge that how the development can maintain, in other words, how China doesn’t lag behind. Please write an essay to express your ideas.答案：1.A2.CThe discovery of freezing has changed our eating habits more than any other related invention. Because many foods contain large amounts of water, they freeze solidly at or just below 32 degrees Fahrenheit. When we lower the temperature to well below the freezing point and prevent air from penetratingthe food, we retard the natural process of decay that causes food to spoil. Freezing preserves the flavor and nutrients of food better than any other preservation method. When properly prepared and packed, foods and vegetables can be stored in the freezer for one year.Most vegetables and some fruits need blanching before they are frozen, and to avoid this step would be an expensive mistake. The result would be a product largely devoid of vitamins and minerals. Proper blanching curtails the enzyme action, which vegetables require during their growth and ripening but which continues after maturation and will lead to decay unless it is almost entirely stopped by blanching. This process is done in two ways, either by plunging vegetables in a large amount of rapidly boiling water for a few minutes or by steaming them. For steam blanching, it is important that timing begin when the water at the bottom of the pot is boiling. Different vegetables require different blanching times, and specified times for each vegetable must be observed. Under-blanching is like no blanching at all, and over-blanching, while stopping the enzyme action, will produce soggy, discolored vegetables.1.Why does the author mention 32 degrees Fahrenheit?A.To suggest the storage temperature for most foodsB.To identify the freezing point of waterC.To state the correct setting for a freezerD.To give the temperature for blanching2.Why does the author use the term expensive mistake in discussing blanching?A.To state that blanching is expensive but very effectiveB.To warn that not blanching will harm the food’s nutritional valueC.To emphasize the importance of blanching only a few items at a timeD.To show that many people waste food by blanching improperly3. In our daily life, there are a lot of traditional and scientific methods to maintain the foods’ nutrients, please write an essay to introduce the process of one way.答案：1.B2.BThe house style that dominated American housing during the 1880s and 1890s was known as Queen Anne, a curious name for an American style. The name was, in fact, a historical accident, originating with fashionable architects in Victorian England who coined it with apparently no reason other than its pleasing sound. The Queen Anne style was loosely based on medieval structures built long before 1702, the beginning year of Queen Anne’s reign.A distinctive characteristic found in most Queen Anne houses is the unusual roof shape --- a steeply pitched, hipped central portion with protruding lower front and side extensions that end in gables. It is often possible to spot these distinctive roof forms from several blocks away. Another feature of this style is the detailing, shown in the wood shingle siding cut into fanciful decorative patterns of scallops, curves, diamonds, or triangles. Queen Anne houses are almost always asymmetrical. If you draw an imaginary line down the middle of one, you will see how drastically different the right and left sides are, all the way from ground level to roof peak. A final characteristic is the inviting wraparound porch that includes the front door area and then extends around to either the right or left side of the house.Queen Anne houses faded from fashion early in the twentieth century as the public’s taste shifted toward the more modern Prairie and Craftsman style houses. Today, however, Queen Anne houses are favorite symbols of the past, painstakingly and lovingly restored by old-house buffs and reproduced by builders who give faithful attention to the distinctive shapes and detailing that were first popularized more than one hundred years ago.1. Why does the author use the word curious in describing the name of an American style?A.The style was invented before Queen Anne’s reign.B.The name was accidentally misspelled.C.The style was more popular in Victorian England.D.The name did not originate in American.2. The word it in paragraph 1 refers toA. styleB. nameC. accidentD. England3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic feature of Queen Anne houses?A. decorative windowsB. wood shingle exterior wallsC. large porchD. steeply pitched roof4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about the Queen Anne style?A. the Queen Anne style combined several other styles.B. the Queen Anne style had to be built in the city.C. the Queen Anne style was elaborate and ornate.D. the Queen Anne style was not very popular.5. The word buffs in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA. expertsB. sellersC. criticsD. painters6. Can you predict the main element which the architects will concern for next generation of house style? Write an essay to give your opinions.答案：1.D2.B3.A4.C5.AOne of the most interesting and distinctive of all uses of language is commentary. An oral reporting of ongoing activity, commentary is used in such public arenas as political ceremonies, parades, funerals, fashion shows and cooking demonstrations. The most frequently occurring type of commentary may be that connected with sports and games. In sports there are two kinds of commentary, and both are often used for the same sporting event. “play-by-play” commentary narrates the sports event, while “color –adding” or “color” commentary provides the audience with pre-event background, during-event interpretation, and post-event evaluation. Color commentary is usually conversational in style and can be a dialogue with two or more commentators.Play-by-play commentary is of interest to linguists because it is unlike other kinds of narrative, which are typically reported in past tense. Play-by-play commentary is reported in present tense. Some examples are “he takes the lead by four” and “she’s in position.” One linguist characterizes radio play-by-play commentary as “a monologue directed at an unknown,unseen mass audience who voluntarily choose to listen…and provide no feedback to the speaker.” It is these characteristics that make this kind of commentary unlike any other type of speech situation.The chief feature of play-by-play commentary is a highly formulaic style of presentation. There is distinctive grammar not only in the use of the present tense but also in the omission of certain element s of sentence structure. For example “Smith in close” eliminates the verb, as some newspaper headlines do. Another example is inverted word order, as in “over at third is Johnson.” Play-by-play commentary is very fluent, keeping up with the pace of the action. The rate is steady and there is little silence. The structure of the commentary is cyclical, reflecting the way most games consist of recurring sequences of short activities---as in tennis and baseball---or a limited number of activity options---as in the various kinds of football. In racing, the structure is even simpler, with the commentator informing the listener of the varying order of the competitors in a “state of play” summary, which is crucial for listeners or viewers who have just tuned in.1.Which of the following statements is true of color commentary?A.It narrates the action of the event in real time, using the present tense.B.It is a monologue given to an audience that does not respond to the speaker.C.It is steady and fluent because it must keep up with the action of the event.D.It gives background on the event, and interprets and evaluates the event.2.Why does the author quote a linguist in paragraph 2?A.To describe the uniqueness of radio play-by-playB.To show how technical sports commentary isC.To give examples of play-by-play commentaryD.To criticize past trends in sports commentary3.It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely agrees with which of the following statements about sports commentary?A.Color commentary is more important than play-by-play commentaryB.Sports commentators do not need special knowledge of the sport.mentary enhances the excitement and enjoyment of sports.D.Sports commentators should work hard to improve their grammar.答案:1. D2. A3.C。

雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案2015年雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案It is estimated that around of the approximately six thousand languages that are spoken today, over three thousand of them are likely to have disappeared by the year 2100. Many of these are now classified as endangered languages and are classified as such by factors such as the number of speakers a language has, the age of the speakers, and the percentage of the youngest generation acquiring fluency in the language. For example, a language with many tens of thousands of speakers may be considered endangered if the children in the community are no longer learning the language. This scenario may happen in a place like Indonesia which as many different languages in use, but is trying to make communication easier by teaching a national language nation-wide. In another scenario, a language may only have a few hundred speakers but may not be considered endangered because all of the children in the community are learning the language.Once a language is classified as endangered, conservation efforts may be made in an attempt to save or revive the language. Whether or not to make such efforts is a decision which is ultimately made by the speakers of the language themselves, but success often requires a great deal of help and approval from the government or other authorities.One of the most famous language conservation success stories is that of the Welsh language. Historically, large numbers of Welsh people spoke only Welsh, but eventually English became the main language of Wales and fewer and fewer people learned Welsh. Conservation efforts began to be made in themid-20th century with the establishment of such organisations as the Welsh Language Association in 1962. The Welsh Language Act and the Government of Wales Act, both passed in the 1990s, protected the Welsh language and made sure that English and Welsh would have equal status in Wales. Since 2000, the study of the Welsh language has been a compulsory subject in school. Today, over 22% of the population of Wales are Welsh speakers, up from 18% in 1991.Another famous example, Hebrew, is not so much a story of language conservation as much as language revitalisation. Hebrew was once a spoken language but by the 4th century BCE it had been replaced by Aramaic. Hebrew continued to be used for religious purposes and in literature but the language was no longer used for everyday purposes. In the 19th century, there was a movement to revive Hebrew as a spoken language, and when the State of Israel was founded in 1948, Hebrew was adopted as the official language. There was some resistance to this idea, as Hebrew was considered a religious language, not a language to be used for common communication. In addition, because Hebrew was an ancient language, it lacked many of the words that are used in modern times and many new words had to be coined. However, because there was a need for a common language in Israel, the language was accepted and now thrives.The successes of language conservation are many, but many more attempts at language preservation do not succeed and there are many languages that have not survived except for a few recordings made by the last native speakers before their deaths. In some cases, the number of remaining speakers at the start of conservation efforts was not enough to sustain revitalisation, and in others, efforts may fail because there is often no economicbenefit to learning an endangered language at the expense of a more commonly spoken national or international language.QuestionsDo the following statements agree with the information given in the article?In boxes 1-10 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1) Half of the languages spoken today will be gone by 2100.2) A language may be considered endangered if children of the speakers are no longer learning the language.3) Indonesian is an endangered language.4) Most endangered languages today are saved and revived.5) Welsh was revived mainly due to government legislature.6) The number of Welsh speakers is expected to rise rapidly in the future.7) All school lessons in Wales are taught in Welsh.8) Hebrew died out completely in the 4th century BCE.9) Hebrew and Aramaic are similar languages.10) Many new terms had to be added to Hebrew to make it functional for today’s world.Answers1) F2) T3) NG4) F5) T6) NG7) NG8) F9) NG10) T【2015年雅思阅读考试模拟测试题带答案】。

雅思（IELTS）阅读模拟练习题APlaying is a serious business. Children engrossed in a make-believe world, fox cubs play-fighting or kittens teasing a ball of string aren't just having fun. Play may look like a carefree and exuberant way to pass the time before the hard work of adulthood es along, but there's much more to it than that. For a start, play can even cost animals their lives. Eighty per cent of deaths among juvenile fur seals our because playing pups fail to spot predators approaching. It is also extremely expensive in terms of energy. Playful young animals use around two or three per cent of their energy cavorting, and in children that figure can be closer to fifteen per cent. 'Even two or three per cent is huge,' says John Byers of Idaho University. 'You just don't find animals wasting energylike that,' he adds. There must be a reason.BBut if play is not simply a developmental hiup, as biologists once thought, why did it evolve? The latest idea suggests that play has evolved to build big brains. In other words, playing makes you intelligent. Playfulness, it seems, is mon only among mammals, although a few of the larger-brained birds also indulge. Animals at play often use unique signs—tail-wagging in dogs, for example—toindicate that activity superficially resembling adult behaviour is not really in earnest. A popular explanationof play has been that it helps juveniles develop the skills they will need to hunt, mate and socialise as adults. Another has been that it allows young animals to get in shape for adult life by improving their respiratory endurance. Both these ideas have been questioned in recent years.CTake the exercise theory. If play evolved to build muscle or as a kind of endurance training, then you would expect to see permanent benefits. But Byers points out that the benefits of increased exercise disappear rapidly after training stops, so any improvement in endurance resulting from juvenile play would be lost by adulthood. ‘If the function of play was to get into shape,’ s ays Byers, 'the optimum time for playing would depend on when it was most advantageous for the young of a particular species to do so. But it doesn't work like that.' Across species, play tendsto peak about halfway through the suckling stage and then decline.DThen there's the skills-training hypothesis. At first glance, playing animals do appear to be practising the plex manoeuvres they will need in adulthood. But a closerinspection reveals this interpretation as too simplistic.In one study, behavioural ecologist Tim Caro, from the University of California, looked at the predatory play of kittens and their predatory behaviour when they reached adulthood. He found that the way the cats played had no significant effect on their hunting prowess in later life.EEarlier this year, Sergio Pellis of Lethbridge University, Canada, reported that there is a strongpositive link between brain size and playfulness among mammals in general. Comparing measurements for fifteen orders of mammal, he and his team found larger brains (fora given body size) are linked to greater playfulness. The converse was also found to be true. Robert Barton of Durham University believes that, because large brains are more sensitive to developmental stimuli than smaller brains,they require more play to help mould them for adulthood. 'I concluded it's to do with learning, and with the importance of environmental data to the brain during development,' he says.FAording to Byers, the timing of the playful stage in young animals provides an important clue to what's going on. If you plot the amount of time a juvenile devotes to play each day over the course of its development, you discover apattern typically associated with a 'sensitive period'—a brief development window during which the brain canactually be modified in ways that are not possible earlier or later in life. Think of the relative ease with which young children—but not infants or adults—absorb language. Other researchers have found that play in cats, rats and mice is at its most intense just as this 'window of opportunity' reaches its peak.G'People have not paid enough attention to the amount of the brain activated by play,' says Marc Bekoff from Colorado University. Bekoff studied coyote pups at play and found that the kind of behaviour involved was markedly more variable and unpredictable than that of adults. Such behaviour activates many different parts of the brain, he reasons. Bekoff likens it to a behavioural kaleidoscope, with animals at play jumping rapidly between activities.'They use behaviour from a lot of different contexts—predation, aggression, reproduction,' he says. 'Their developing brain is getting all sorts of stimulation.' HNot only is more of the brain involved in play than was suspected, but it also seems to activate higher cognitive processes. 'There's enormous cognitive involvement in play,' says Bekoff. He points out that play often involvesplex assessments of playmates, ideas of reciprocity and the use of specialised signals and rules. He believes that play creates a brain that has greater behavioural flexibility and improved potential for learning later in life. The idea is backed up by the work of Stephen Siviy of Gettysburg College. Siviy studied how bouts of play affected thebrain's levels of a particular chemical associated with the stimulation and growth of nerve cells. He was surprised by the extent of the activation. 'Play just lights everything up,' he says. By allowing link-ups between brain areas that might not normally municate with each other, play may enhance creativity.IWhat might further experimentation suggest about the way children are raised in many societies today? We already know that rat pups denied the chance to play grow smaller brain ponents and fail to develop the ability to apply social rules when they interact with their peers. With schooling beginning earlier and being increasingly exam-orientated, play is likely to get even less of a look-in. Who knows what the result of that will be?。

雅思阅读练模拟试题范本1份雅思阅读练模拟试题 1★Sleep medication linked to bizarre behaviour12:44 06 February 2007NewScientist. news serviceRoxanne KhamsiNew evidence has linked a monly prescribedsleep medication with bizarre behaviours, including acase in which a woman painted her front door in hersleep.UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of oddoccurrences, including sleepwalking, amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drugzolpidem.While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleepdisorders, they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at itspossible side effects.Zolpidem, sold under the brand names Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox, is widely prescribed totreat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug, made byFrench pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis, were prescribed 674,500 times in 2005 in the UK.A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Departmentdescribes 104 cases ofhallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketingof the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases ofstrange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnight snackIn one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand afterpainting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilogramsover seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of anopen refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved,” according to the report.The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, meanwhile, has recorded68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarresleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries, including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case, a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after apassenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.Hypnotic effectsThere is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with thesebehaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-likehypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interactingwith brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the e less active during deep sleep, the body can still move, making sleepwalking a possibility.The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects, includinghallucinations, sleepwalking and nightmares, are more likely in the elderly, and treatment shouldbe stopped if they occur.Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and panies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. Theystress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.“When people do something in which they’re not in full control it’s always a danger,” saysVera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection, a US network thatadvocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and tested“The more reports that e out about the potential side effects of the drug, the moreresearch needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects,” says sleep researcherKenneth Wright at the U niversity of Colorado in Boulder, US.Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange side effects, pointsout Richard Millman at Brown Medical School,director of the Sleep Disorders Center of LifespanHospitals in Providence, Rhode Island, US. He says that unlike older types of sleepmedications,zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can beeasily explained: some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopesthat the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medicationshould be taken just before going to bed.The US Food Drug Administration says it is continuing to “active ly investigate" andcollect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a “special concern” for people takingthe drug. “It’s a possible rare adverse event,” says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson MelissaFeltmann, adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours “may not necessarily be caused bythe drug” but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the safety profile [ofzolpidem] is well established”. The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with theinformation given in the reading passage?In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to thepassageFALSE if the statement is false according to thepassageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in thepassage1. Ambien, Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. The woman’s obesity problem wasn’t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion ofa flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn’t cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an officeworker.Question 7-9Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia?A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem?A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D. Side effects include nightmares, hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well established?A. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera SharavQuestions 10-13Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10-13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain?11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients?12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patientadvocacy groups?13. What US administration says that it has been investigating thecases relating zolpidemto unusual side effects?Answer keys and explanations:1. TrueSee para.3 from the beginning: Zolpidem, soldunder the brand names Ambien, Stilnoct andStilnox, is widely prescribed to treat insomnia andother disorders such as sleep apnea.2. FalseSee para.1 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”:Another case involved a woman who gained 23kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered infron t of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved”。

【优质文档】雅思阅读真题题源：Music and the Mind-实用word文档本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==雅思阅读真题题源：Music and the MindMusic is the manifestation of the human spirit , similar to language . Its greatest practitioners have conveyed to mankind things not possible to say in any other language . If we do not want these things to remain dead treasures , we must do our utmost to make the greatest possible number of people understand their idiom . -- Zoltn KodlyRecently a number of reports have appeared that attest to the connection between music and academic achievement . In a study of the ability of fourteen year - old science students in seventeencountries , the top three countries were Hungary , the Netherlands , and Japan . All three include music throughout the curriculum from kindergarten through high school . In the 1960 s , the Kodly systemof music education was instituted in the schools of Hungary as aresult of the outstanding academic achievement of children in its singing schools . Today , there are no third graders who cannot sing on pitch and sing beautifully . In addition , the academic achievement of Hungarian students , especially in math and science , continues to be outstanding . The Netherlands began their music program in 1968, and Japan followed suit by learning from the experience of these other countries .Another report disclosed the fact that the foremost technical designers and engineers in Silicon Valley are almost all practicing musicians .A third report reveals that the schools who produced the highest academic achievement in the United States today are spending 20 to 30% of the day on the arts , with special emphasis on music . Includedare St . Augustine Bronx elementary school , which , as it was aboutto fail in 1984, implemented an intensive music program . Today 90%of the students are reading at or above grade level .。

雅思阅读模拟试题和答案在雅思考试中，阅读模块是考生们最为重视和关注的部分之一。

通过阅读模拟试题并了解正确答案，考生们可以更好地熟悉考试内容和技巧，提高阅读理解能力，从而取得更好的成绩。

以下是一篇关于雅思阅读模拟试题和答案的文章。

试题一：阅读下面的短文，回答问题。

The Industrial Revolution, which took place from the late 18th century to the early 19th century, greatly transformed the world, bringing about new technologies and significant changes in the economic and social structures of many countries. One of the key developments during this period was the mechanization of textile production.Prior to the Industrial Revolution, textile production was a labor-intensive process, with spinning and weaving done by hand. However, with the invention of the spinning jenny and the power loom, the production process became much more efficient and less time-consuming. This led to the establishment of textile factories and the mass production of cloth, which in turn fueled the growth of industrialization.The spinning jenny, invented by James Hargreaves in 1764, allowed a single worker to simultaneously spin multiple spools of thread. This greatly increased the productivity of the spinning process. Similarly, the power loom, invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1785, automated the process ofweaving, reducing the need for skilled labor and further increasing production capacity.The mechanization of textile production had profound effects on various aspects of society. Firstly, it significantly lowered the cost of textiles, making them more affordable and accessible to a larger population. This led to an increase in the standard of living for many people, as they were able to dress themselves, their families, and their homes with quality fabrics at a lower cost. Secondly, it created a demand for raw materials such as cotton, which in turn drove the expansion of colonial territories. Finally, it also resulted in the growth of urban areas, as textile factories were built in cities to take advantage of the power supply and transportation networks.Question 1: What was one of the key developments during the Industrial Revolution?Question 2: Who invented the spinning jenny?Question 3: How did the mechanization of textile production affect society?答案一：Question 1: The mechanization of textile production.Question 2: James Hargreaves.Question 3: It lowered the cost of textiles, increased the standard of living, stimulated the demand for raw materials, and contributed to urban growth.试题二：阅读下面的短文，选择正确的答案。

雅思阅读题库(完整版)第一部分：选择题（Multiple Choice）1. “……” 这句话的意思是什么？a. 选项Ab. 选项Bc. 选项Cd. 选项D2. 下列哪个选项与文章主题无关？a. 选项Ab. 选项Bc. 选项Cd. 选项D3. 作者在第二段中提到了哪个事实？a. 选项Ab. 选项Bc. 选项Cd. 选项D第二部分：填空题（Fill in the Blanks）请将以下空格处填上合适的单词。

1. 根据研究显示，____增加了人们患心脏病的风险。

2. 在夏日，许多人喜欢到____上放松休闲。

3. 这座城市以其____而著名，吸引了许多游客。

第三部分：判断题（True/False）1. 该文章的主要目的是提供瑜伽的健身指导。

(True/False)2. 文章中提到的研究结果是基于最新的科学数据。

(True/False)3. 该杂志的编辑具有多年的运动经验。

(True/False)第四部分：配对题（Matching）请将下列问题与相应的答案配对。

1. 问题1a. 答案Ab. 答案Bc. 答案C2. 问题2a. 答案Ab. 答案Bc. 答案C3. 问题3a. 答案Ab. 答案Bc. 答案C第五部分：段落标题题（Paragraph Headings）请从以下选项中选择合适的标题来概括每个段落的内容。

1. 段落1的标题a. 选项Ab. 选项Bc. 选项C2. 段落2的标题a. 选项Ab. 选项Bc. 选项C3. 段落3的标题a. 选项Ab. 选项Bc. 选项C以上是完整版的雅思阅读题库。

希望对你的备考有所帮助！。

雅思阅读模拟练习题分享含答案想要在雅思阅读中取得理想的成绩，平时的模拟练习不可少，它可以直接的了解到自己的阅读能力，看看今天给大家整理的雅思阅读模拟题你的正确率有多少吧！Search begins for Earth beyond solar systemStaff and agenciesWednesday December 27,Guardian Unlimited1. A European spacecraft took off today to spearhead the search for another Earth among the stars.2. The Corot space telescope blasted off aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan shortly after 2.20pm.3. Corot, short for convection rotation and planetary transits, is the first instrument capable of finding small rocky planets beyond the solar system. Any such planet situated in the right orbit stands a good chance of having liquid water on its surface, and quite possibly life, although a leading scientist involved in the project said it was unlikely to find any little green men .4. Developed by the French space agency, CNES, and partnered by the European Space Agency (ESA), Austria, Belgium, Germany, Brazil and Spain, Corot will monitor around 120,000 stars with its 27cm telescope from a polar orbit 514 miles above the Earth. Over two and a half years, it will focus on five to six different areas of the sky, measuring the brightness of about 10,000 stars every 512 seconds.5. At the present moment we are hoping to find out more about the nature of planets around stars which are potential habitats. We are looking at habitable planets, not inhabited planets. We are not going to find any little green men, Professor Ian Roxburgh, an ESA scientist who has been involved with Corot since its inception, told the BBC Radio 4 Today programme.6. Prof Roxburgh said it was hoped Corot would find rocky planets that could develop an atmosphere and, if they are the right distance from their parent star, they could have water .7. To search for planets, the telescope will look for the dimming of starlight caused when an object passes in front of a star, known as a transit . Although it will take more sophisticated space telescopes planned in the next 10 years to confirm the presence of an Earth-like planet with oxygen and liquid water, Corot will let scientists know where to point their lenses.8. Measurements of minute changes in brightness will enable scientists to detect giant Jupiter-like gas planets as well as small rocky ones. It is the rocky planets - that could be no bigger than about twice the size of the Earth - which will cause the most excitement. Scientists expect to find between 10 and 40 of these smaller planets.9. Corot will also probe into stellar interiors by studying the acoustic waves that ripple across the surface of stars, a technique called asteroseismology .10. The nature of the ripples allows astronomers to calculate a star s precise mass, age and chemical composition.11. A planet passing in front of a star can be detected by the fall in light from that star. Small oscillations of the star also produce changes in the light emitted, which reveal what the star is made of and how they are structured internally. This data will provide a major boost to our understanding of how stars form and evolve, Prof Roxburgh said.12. Since the discovery in 1995 of the first exoplanet - a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun - more than 200 others have been found by ground-based observatories.13. Until now the usual method of finding exoplanets has been to detect the wobble their gravity imparts on parent stars. But only giant gaseous planets bigger than Jupiter can be found this way, and they are unlikely to harbour life.14. In the s, ESA plans to launch Darwin, a fleet of four or five interlinked space telescopes that will not only spot small rocky planets, but analyse their atmospheres for signs of biological activity.15. At around the same time, the US space agency, Nasa, will launch Terrestrial Planet Finder, another space telescope designed to locate Earth-like planets.(615 words)Choose the appropriate letter from A-D for question 1.1. Corot is an instrument which(A) can help to search for certain planets(B) is used to find planets in the orbit(C) can locate planets with human beings(D) can spot any planets with water.Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 2-5 writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contraicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage2. Scientists are trying to find out about the planets that can be inhabited.3. BBC Radio 4 recently focuses on the broadcasting of Corot.4. Passing objects might cause a fall in light.5. Corot can tell whether there is another Earth-like planet.。

雅思阅读练习题目及答案阅读练题目
1. 题目：如何提高阅读理解能力？
选项：
a) 多读英文书籍
b) 注重词汇积累
c) 多做阅读理解练题
d) 参加英语角活动
2. 题目：阅读理解中的推理题是什么意思？
选项：
a) 根据文章中的信息做出推断
b) 需要背诵文章的内容
c) 需要记住生词的中文翻译
d) 根据标题猜测文章的主题
3. 题目：如何有效解答阅读理解中的推理题？
选项：
a) 仔细阅读文章并理解关键信息
b) 熟练掌握各种推理题的解题技巧
c) 跳过推理题，先解答其他类型的题目
d) 参考同学的答案来确定自己的选择
阅读练答案
1. 答案：a) 多读英文书籍
2. 答案：a) 根据文章中的信息做出推断
3. 答案：a) 仔细阅读文章并理解关键信息
以上是一份关于雅思阅读练题目及答案的文档，通过多读英文
书籍、注重词汇积累和多做阅读理解练题，可以提高阅读理解能力。

在解答阅读理解中的推理题时，需要仔细阅读文章并理解关键信息，根据文章中的信息做出推断。

雅思阅读考试模拟练习题及答案2017年雅思阅读考试模拟练习题及答案通过雅思考试可以体现我们的英语学习能力，更能够为大家未来求职带来便利。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的.2017年雅思阅读考试模拟练习题及答案，希望对大家有所帮助!1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer, which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.2. If successful, virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer, while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.3. Leonard Seymour, a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University, who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US, will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.4. One of the country's leading geneticists, Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly, while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle, you've got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy," he said.5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body's local immune system. "If a cancer doesn't do that, the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour, viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel."6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer."They replicate, you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process," said Prof Seymour.7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It's an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours, which could be quite different to anything we've had before."8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system, effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.10. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it," he said.11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour, it replicates, but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour, the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers, called metastases, which sometimes spread around thebody after the first tumour appears. "There's an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers; 75% of them go on to die from metastases," said Prof Seymour.13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials: adenovirus, which normally causes a cold-like illness, and vaccinia, which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons, both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial, but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours, in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed, eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses, before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at first for cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments, Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 1-6 writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage1.Virus therapy, if successful, has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.4.Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely in a tumor and replicate.更多雅思考试阅读相关试题：1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.下载文档。

雅思阅读模拟题及答案2017雅思阅读模拟题及答案引言：雅思考试即将来临，大家复习得如何呢?为帮助各位小伙伴顺利拿下阅读，店铺整理了一些模拟题并附上详细答案，可供大家参考。

Hackers target the home front1. One of the UK's leading banks has been forced to admit that organised hacking gangs have been targeting its executives. For the past year, Royal Bank of Scotland has been fighting systematic attempts to break into its computer systems from hackers who have sent personalised emails containing keyloggers to its senior management. This has included executives up to board level and is now the subject of a separate investigation by the Serious and Organised Crime Agency.2. The hackers are homing in on the trend for people to work from home. The hackers make the assumption that the computers being used outside the work environment are more vulnerable than those protected by a corporate IT department.Growing threat3. For companies it is a growing threat as home working increases: a recent survey from the Equal Opportunities Commission found that more than 60% of the UK's population wants the option of flexible working.4. And the hackers are employing increasingly sophisticated techniques. Each email they send is meticulously built to make it attractive to its target, who the criminals have carefully researched by trawling the internet for information. Once the email is composed, the malware is just as carefully designed: it is often modified to avoid detection by security software.5. The keylogger contained in the email installs itself automatically and then collects details of logins and passwords from the unsuspecting user. This means that hackers can, using the usernames and passwords stolen by the keyloggers, connect to VPNs, or Virtual Private Networks, which many companies use to create an encrypted pathway into their networks.6. Once inside a bank's network, the hackers can communicate directly with computers holding account information and manipulate funds.7. Has this actually happened? In some cases sources claim that the login details of VPNs have been obtained and used though there has been no confirmation that any losses have occurred as a result. The attacks are not believed to have focused on RBS but to have been across the whole of the banking industry.8. Royal Bank of Scotland said that the bank had suffered no losses as a result of the attacks and added: "RBS has extremely robust processes in place in order to protect our systems from fraud. Trojan email attacks are an industry-wide issue and are not isolated to a particular area or a particular bank."9. It is not just banks that have been targets. Last year attempts were made to steal information from the Houses of Parliament using malicious email. Messagelabs, the company responsible for monitoring much of the email traffic of the government and big business for suspect software, said at the beginning of the year that criminals have been evolving more sophisticated techniques to attack corporate networks.10. According to Mark Sunner, chief technology officer of Messagelabs, the number of malicious emails targeted at individuals has been increasing. Two years ago they were being seen once every two months, but now they are seeing one or twoa day. This has been accompanied by an increase in quality in the creation of Trojans and spyware.11. "The hackers are now aiming to take over computers, particularly those of home users. Some of the malicious software that we are routinely seeing for that purpose will have its own antivirus system built into it so that they can kill off the programs of their competitors."Increased vigilance12. Tony Neate, the head of Get Safe Online, a government-funded organisation set up to raise awareness among UK businesses of computer criminals, says: "There is now an attempt to target individuals within UK businesses - including the banking sector. What is happening is that crime is doing what it always does, which is look for the weakest link. Home working is where they perceive a weakness.13. "This points to a need for increased vigilance and security by those working from home and by those responsible for letting them work from home. For home working to be effective, security needs to be as effective as if working in an office."(667 words)Questions 1-4 Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.1. What do the hackers use to attack the computer system of the Royal Bank of Scotland?2. Which word is most likely to be used by hackers to describe home computers?3. What do the majority of people in the UK prefer?4. How do hackers collect information so as to compose emails?5. What do hackers obtain illegally to gain access to banks’computer network?。

雅思（阅读）模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Reading ModuleReading Module (60 minutes)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below. Money transfers by mobile A The ping of a text message has never sounded so sweet. In what is being touted as a world first, Kenya’s biggest mobile operator is allowing subscribers to send cash to other phone users by SMS. Known as M-Pesa, or mobile money, the service is expected to revolutionise banking in a country where more than 80% of people are excluded from the formal financial sector. Apart from transferring cash--a service much in demand among urban Kenyans supporting relatives in rural areas---customers of the Safaricom network will be able to keep up to 50000 shillings (￡370) in a “virtual account”on their handsets.B Developed by V odafone, which holds a 35% share in Safaricom, M-Pesa was formally launched in Kenya two weeks ago. More than 10000 people have signed up for the service, with around 8 minion shillings transferred so far, mostly in tiny denominations. Safaricom’s executives are confident that growth will be strong in Kenya, and later across Africa. “We are effectively giving people ATM cards without them ever having to open a real bank account,” said Michael Joseph, chief executive of Safaricom, who called the money transfer concept the “next big thing” in mobile telephony.C M-Pesa’s is simple. There is no need for a new handset or SIM card. To send money you hand over the cash to a registered agent-- typically a retailer-who credits your virtual account. You then send between 100 shillings (74p) and 35,000 shillings (￡259) via text message to the desired recipient--even someone on a different mobile network-- who cashes it at an agent by entering a secret code and showing ID. A commission of up to 170 shillings (￡1.25) is paid by the recipient but it compares favourably with fees levied by the major banks, whose services are too expensive for most of the population.D Mobile phone growth in Kenya, as in most of Africa, has been remarkable, even among the rural poor. In June 1999 Kenya had 15000 mobile subscribers. Today it has nearly 8 million out of a population of 35 million, and the two operators’networks are as extensive as the access to banks is limited. Safaricom says it is not so much competing with financial services companies as filling a void. In time, M-Pesa will allow people to borrow and repay money, and make purchases. Companies will be able to pay salaries directly into workers’phones--something that has already attracted the interest of larger employers, such as the tea companies, whose workers often have to be paid in cash as they do not have bank accounts. There are concerns about security, but Safaricom insists that even if someone’s phone is stolen the PIN system prevents unauthorised withdrawals. Mr Joseph said the only danger is sendingcash to the wrong mobile number and the recipient redeeming it straight away.E The project is being watched closely by mobile operators around the world as a way of targeting the multibillion pound international cash transfer industry long dominated by companies such as Western Union and Moneygram. Remittances sent from nearly 200 million migrant workers to developing countries totalled ￡102 billion last year, according to the World Bank. The GSM Association, which represents more than 700 mobile operators worldwide, believes this could quadruple by 2012 if transfers by SMS become the norm. V odafone has entered a partnership with Citigroup that will soon allow Kenyans in the UK to send money home via text message. The charge for sending￡50 is expected to be about ￡3, less than a third of what some traditional services charge.Questions 1-4The text has 5 paragraphs (A-E). Which paragraph contains each of the following pieces of information?1．A possible security problem.正确答案：D*2．The cost of M-Pesa.正确答案：C*3．An international service similar to M-Pesa.正确答案：E*4．The fact that most Kenyans do not have a bank account.正确答案：AQuestions 5-8Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.5．Safaricom is the ______ mobile phone company in Kenya.正确答案：biggest*6．An M-Pesa account needs to be credited by ______.正确答案：an agent/a registered agent*7．______ companies are particularly interested in using M-Pesa.正确答案：Tea*8．Companies like Moneygram and Western Union have ______ the international money transfer market.正确答案：long dominatedQuestions 9-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? TRUE——if the information in the text agrees with the statement FALSE——if the information in the text contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN——if there is no information on this9．Most Kenyans working in urban areas have relatives in rural areas.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：C*10．So far, most of the people using M-Pesa have used it to send small amounts of money.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*11．M-Pesa can only be used by people using one phone network.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*12．M-Pesa can be used to buy products and services.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*13．The GSM Association is a consumer organization.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：BREADING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below. Park the Car Permanently A More than a million people are likely to be disappointed by their experience of the Government’s attempts to improve the democratic process. They may have signed an online petition against road pricing, but ministers are determined to push ahead with plans to make it more expensive to drive. The Government is convinced that this is the only way to reduce congestion and the environmental damage caused by motoring.B Why wait until you are forced off the road by costly charges? You may enjoy the convenience of your car, but the truth is that for huge numbers of people, owning a car makes little financial sense. You’d be far better off giving it up and relying on other forms of transport. “I’m 47 and I’ve never owned a car, despite having a job that requires me to travel all over the South-east to visit clients,”says Donnachadh McCarthy, an environmental expert who specialises in advising people how to be greener. “A car is a huge financial commitment, as well as being a psychological addiction. Not owning a vehicle Is far more practical than most people realise.”C It may seem as if cars have never been cheaper. After all, It is now possible to buy a brand new car for less than ￡4800--the Perodua Kelisa, if you’re Interested. There are plenty of decent vehicles you can buy straight from the showroom for between ￡5000 and ￡7000. Of course, if you buy second-hand, the prices will be even lower. However, the falling purchase price of cars masks the fact that it has never been more expensive to own and run o vehicle. The estimate Is that the cost of running a car rose by more than ten per cent last year alone. The annual cost of running your own vehicle is put at an average of ￡5539, or ￡107 a week. White drivers who do less or more than the average mileage each year will spend correspondingly less or more, many of the costs of car ownership are fixed--and therefore unavoidable.D Depreciation---the fact that your vehicle loses a large chunk of its resale value each year—s one problem, accounting for ￡2420 a year. The cost of finance packages, which most people have to resort to to pay for at least part of the price of a new car, has also been rising--to an average of ￡1040 a year. Then there’s insurance, maintenance, tax and breakdown Insurance, all of which will cost you broadly the same amount, however many miles you do. Only fuel costs are truly variable. While petrol prices are the most visible Indicator of the cost of running a car, for the typicaldriver they account for less than one-fifth of the real costs each year. In other wards, leaving aside all the practical and psychological barriers to giving up your car, in financial terms doing so makes sense for many people.E Take the cost of public transport, for example. In London, the most expensive city in the UK, the most expensive annual travel card, allowing travel in any zone at any time, costs Just over ￡1700. You could give up your car and still have thousands of pounds to spare to spend on occasional car hire. in fact, assuming that you have the most expensive travel card in London, you could hire a cheap car from a company such as easyCar far about 30 weeks a year, and still be better off overall than if you own your own vehicle. Not that car hire is necessarily the mast cost-effective option for people who are prepared to do without a car but may still need to drive occasionally.F Streetcar, one of several “car clubs” with growing numbers of members, reckons that using its vehicles twice a week, every week, for a year, would cost you just ￡700. Streetcar’s model works very similarly to those of its main rivals, Citycarclub and Whizzgo. These three companies, which now operate in 20 of Britain’s towns and cities, charge their members a refundable deposit--￡150 at Streetcar---and then provide them with an electronic smartcard. This enables members to get into the vehicles, which are left parked In set locations, and the keys are then found in the glove compartment. Members pay an hourly rate for the car--￡4.95 is the cost at Streetcar---and return it to the same spot, or to a different designated parking place.G Car sharing is an increasingly popular option for people making the same journeys regularly--to and from work, far example. Many companies run schemes that help colleagues who live near to each other and work in the same place to contact each other so they can share the Journey to work. Liftshare and Carshare are two national organisations that maintain online databases of people who would be prepared to team up, Other people may be able to replace part or all of their journey to work-- or any journeys, for that matter--with low-cost transport such as a bicycle, or even by just walking. The more you can reduce your car use, however you gain access to it, the more you will save.Questions 14-17The text has 7paragraphs (A-G). Which paragraph does each of the following headings best fit?14．Don’t wait!正确答案：B*15．Team up正确答案：G*16．Join a club正确答案：F*17．Use public transport正确答案：EQuestions 18-22According to the text, FIVE of the following statements are true. Write the corresponding letters in answer boxes 18 to 22 in any order.[A] Me Carthy claims people can become addicted to using cars.[B] The cost of using a car rose by over ten per cent last year.[C] Most British people borrow money to help buy cars.[D] Many people need cars to drive in London occasionally.[E] Streetcar operates in over 20 cities in Britain.[F] Streetcar’s cars must be left at specific locations.[G] Car sharing is becoming more popular with people who live and work near each other.[H] The government wants to encourage people to go to work on foot or by bicycle.18．【18】______正确答案：A*19．【19】______正确答案：B*20．【20】______正确答案：C*21．【21】______正确答案：F*22．【22】______正确答案：GQuestions 23-26According to the information given in the text, choose the correct answer or answers from the choices given.23．The government has decided ______.A．not to follow protestors’ suggestions.B．to become more democratic.C．to go ahead with charging drivers to use roads.正确答案：AC*24．Cars are often ______.A．relatively cheap in Britain.B．relatively expensive to operate in Britain.C．sold second-hand in Britain.正确答案：AB*25．Fuel costs ______.A．make up about 20% of the cost of running a car.B．are related to the amount drivers pay for their cars.C．depend on how far you drive.正确答案：AC*26．Using public transport ______.A．will save money for British motorists, except in London.B．and renting a car part of the time can save money.C．costs Londoners about ￡1700 a year.正确答案：BREADING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Low Cost Lamps Light Rural India Until throe months ago, life in this humble village without electricity would come to a halt after sunset. Inside his mud-and-clay home, Ganpat Jadhav’s three children used to study in the dim, smoky glow of a kerosene lamp. When their monthly fuel quota of four litres dried up in just a fortnight, they had to strain their eyes using the light from a cooking fire. That all changed with the installation of low-cost, energy-efficient lamps that are powered entirely by the sun. The lights were installed by the Grameen Surya Bijli Foundation (GSBF), an Indian non-governmental organization focused on bringing light to rural India. Some 100,000 Indian villages do not yet have electricity. The GSBF lamps use LEDs--light emitting diodes--that are four times more efficient than a normal bulb. After a ＄55 installation cost, solar energy lights the lamp free of charge. LED lighting, like cell phones, is another example of a technology whose low cost could allow the rural poor to leap into the 21st century.As many as 1.5 billion people--nearly 80 million in India alone--light their houses using kerosene as the primary lighting media. The fuelis dangerous, dirty, and--despite being subsidized--consumes nearly four percent of a typical rural Indian household’s budget. A recent report by the Intermediate Technology Development Group suggests that indoor air pollution from such lighting media results in 1.6 million deaths worldwide every year. LED lamps, or more specifically white LEDS, are believed to produce nearly 200 times more useful light than a kerosene lamp and almost 50 times the amount of useful light of a conventional bulb. “This technology can light an entire rural village with less energy than that used by a single conventional 100 watt light bulb,” says Dave Irvins-Halliday, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of Calgary, Canada and the founder of Light Up the World Foundation (LUTW). Founded in 1997, LUTW has used LED technology to bring light to nearly 10000 homes in remote and disadvantaged comers of some 27 countries like India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bolivia, and the Philippines. The technology, which is not yet widely known in India, faces some scepticism here. “LED systems are revolutionising rural lighting, but this isn’t a magic solution to the world’s energy problems,”says Ashok Jhunjhunwala, head of the electrical engineering department at the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. In a scenario in which nearly 60 percent of India’s rural population uses 180 million tons of biomass per year for cooking via primitive wood stoves--which are smoky and provide only 10-15 percent efficiency in cooking--Jhunjhunwala emphasises the need for a clean energy source, not just for lighting but for other domestic purposes as well The Indian government in April launched an ambitious project to bring electricity to 112000 rural villages in the next decade. However, the remote locations of the village will make reaching this goal difficult. A.K. Lakhina, the chairman of India’s Rural Electrification Corporation, says the Indian government recognizes the potential of LED lighting powered by solar technology, but expressed reservations about its high costs. “If only LEDs weren’t imported but manufactured locally,”he says, “and in bulk.”The lamps installed in nearly 300 homes by GSBF cost nearly half the price of other solar lighting systems. Jasjeet Singh Chaddha, the founder of the NGO, currently imports his LEDs from China. He wants to set up an LED manufacturing unit and a solar panel manufacturing unit in India. If manufactured locally, the cost of his LED lamp could plummet to ＄22, as they won’t incur heavy import duties. “We need close to ＄5 million for this,” he says. Mr. Chaddha says he has also asked the government to exempt the lamps from such duties, but to no avail. An entrepreneur who made his money in plastics, Chaddha has poured his own money into the project, providing the initial installations free of charge. As be looks to make the project self-sustainable, he recognizes that it’s only urban markets--which have also shown an avid interest in LED lighting--that can pay. The rural markets in india can’t afford it, he says, until the prices are brought down. The rural markets would be able to afford it, says Mr. Irvine-Halliday, if they had access to micro-credit. He says that in Tembisa, a shanty town in Johannesburg, he found that almost 10,000 homes spent more than ＄60 each on candles and paraffin every year. As calculations revealed, these families can afford to purchase a solid state lighting system in just over a year of paying per week what they would normally spend on candles and paraffin--if they have access to micro-credit. LUTW is in the process of creating such a micro-creditfacility for South Africa.In villages near Khadakwadi, the newly installed LED lamps are a subject of envy, even for those connected to the grid. Those connected to the grid have to face power cuts up to 6 or 7 hours a day. Constant energy shortages and blackouts are a common problem due to a lack of power plants, transmission, and distribution losses caused by old technology and illegal stealing of electricity from the grid. LEO systems require far less maintenance, a longer life, and as villagers jokingly say, “no electricity bills.”The lamps provided by GSBF have enough power to provide just four hours of light a day. However, that’s enough for people to get their work done in the early hours of the night, and is more reliable than light generated off India’s electrical grid, Villagers are educated by GSBF officials to make the most of the new lamps. An official from GSBF instructs Jadhav and his family to clean the lamp regularly. “Its luminosity and life will diminish if you let the dust settle on it,”he warns them.Questions 27-30For each question only ONE of the choices is correct. Write the corresponding letter in the appropriate box on your answer sheet.27．The GSBF lamps ______.A．provide light for 100000 Indian villages.B．are very expensive to install.C．are powered by the sun.正确答案：C*28．More than half of India’s population uses ______.A．kerosene as a cooking fuel.B．biomass as a cooking fuel.C．solar power as a cooking fuel.正确答案：B*29．In India, the GSBF lamps are too expensive for most people ______.A．in rural areas.B．in urban areas.C．in all areas.正确答案：A*30．The GSBF lamps ______.A．are not as reliable as electricity from the national power grid.B．require skill to use.C．only provide four hours of light a day.正确答案：CQuestions 31-35Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.31．Another example of cheap technology helping poor people in the countryside is ______.正确答案：cell phones*32．Kerosene lamps and conventional bulbs give off less ______ than GSBF lamps.正确答案：useful light*33．It is unlikely that the Indian government will achieve its aim of connecting 112000 villages to electricity because many villages are ______.正确答案：remote*34．GSBF lamps would be cheaper if it weren’t for ______.正确答案：(heavy) import duties*35．Users need to wipe ______ from the LED in order to keep it working well.正确答案：dustQuestions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? TRUE——if the information in the text agrees with the statement FALSE——if the information in the text contradicts the statement NOT GIVEN——if there is no information on this36．Ganpat Jadhav’s monthly ration of kerosene was insufficient.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*37．Kerosene causes many fires in homes in developing countries.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：C*38．LED systems could solve the world’s energy problems.A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：B*39．Chaddha has so far funded the GSBF lamp project himself. A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A*40．Micro-credit would help to get more people to use LED lamps. A．真B．假C．NOT GIVEN正确答案：A。

最新雅思阅读模拟试题练习文学之知识乃是学问之门禁，以下是为大家搜索的最新阅读模拟试题练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!Maybe Ben & Jerry's and The Body Shop set themselves up for a fall by appearing to have a monopoly on nuking an honest buck. But their struggles are a lesson on how little we know about the minefield of "ethical" marketing.The Body Shop, along with the American ice cream maker Ben and Jerry's, was hailed as a new breed of green, or environmentally conscious, business.Ben and Jerry’sA Ben & jerry's offers a very sweet benefits package to employees. First, every one of the 700+ Ben & Jerry's workers is entitled to three free pints of ice cream,sorbet or frozen yogurt per day worked. (Some workers even use allotments of their free treats to barter for other goods and services in town such as haircuts). Beyond the freebies,personnel receives a 50% discount on the pany's frozen goodies, a 40% discount on merchandise and a further 30% break on non-Ben & Jerry's foods at pany outlets.B Workers are further entitled to be paid family leave and may take advantage of the Employee Stock Purchase Program to purchase pany stock (after six months with the organization) at a 15% discount. Beginning in 1998, 316 stock options are awarded to each worker (excludingdirectors and officers) and stock is also assigned to each employee's 401K plan at the end of the calendar year. These contributions are intended to achieve the pany's goal of linked prosperity, i.e. to assure that future prosperity is widely shared by all employees.C Other benefits include:Health insurance, including coverage for well baby-care and mammogramsLife insurance (twice the employee's annual salary)Dental insuranceLong-term disability plan paying 60% of salary six months after disability for duration of disability Short-term disability plan paying 60% of salary for six monthsMaternity leave with full pay for six weeks after deliveryThe Body ShopD History of The Body Shop Anita Roddick started The Body Shop with a mere ?4,000 and a dream. With over 1,900 stores in 50 countries. The Body Shop was founded in 1976in Brighton, England. From her original shop, which offered a line of 25 different lotions, creams, and oils, Roddick became the first suessful marketer of body care products that bined natural ingredients with ecologically-benign manufacturing processes. Her pany's refusal to testproducts on animals, along with an insistence on nonexploitative labor practices among suppliers around the world, appealed especially to upscale, mainly middleclass women, who were and have continued to be the pany's primary market As sales boomed, even the conservative financial markets approved of The Body Shop's impressive profit picture, and a public stock offering in 1984 was suessful. An expansion campaign followed. In 1988 the pany entered the U.S. market by opening a store in New York City, and by 1997 the pany boasted 1,500 stores, including franchises, in 47 countries. Anti-marketing seemed to be smart marketing, at least as far as The Body Shop was concerned.E Part of the secret of The Body Shop’s early suess was that it had created a market niche for itself. The pany was not directly peting against the traditional cosmetics panies, which marketed their products as fashion aessories designed to cover up flaws and make women look more like thefashion models who appeared in their lavish ads. Instead, The Body Shop offered a line of products that promised benefits other than appearance—healthier skin,for instance—rather than simply a better-looking plexion. The pany is known for pioneering the natural-ingredient cosmetic market and establishing social responsibility as an integral part of pany operations. The Body Shop is knownfor its ethical stances, such as its moary donations to the munities in which it operates, and its business partnerships with developing countries. In 1988 Roddick opened her first store in the United States, and by that time—through various social initiatives such as the "Stop the Bum" campaign to save the Brazilian rainforest (the source of many of the pany's natural ingredients，and strong support of employee volunteerism——The Body Shop name had bee synonymous with social activism and global preservation worldwide. The pany had also bee immensely profitable.F By the mid-1990s, however. The Body Shop faced growing petition, forcing it to begin its first major advertising initiative, the most prominent part of which was the “Ruby” campaign. The campaign was personified by Ruby, a doll with Rubenesque proportions who was perched on an antique couch and who looked quite pleased with herself and her plump frame. Randy Williamson, a spokesperson for The Body Shop, said, “Ruby is the fruit of our long-established practice of challenging the way the cosmetic industry talks to women. The Ruby campaign is designed to promote the idea that The Body Shop creates products designed to enhance features, moisturize, cleanse, and polish, not to correct ‘flaws’. The Body Shop philosophyis that there is real beauty in everyone. We are not claiming that our products perform miracles."G The Competition the Body Shop lost market share in the late 1990’s to product-savvy petitors that offered similar cosmetics at lower prices. The main petitors areH20, Sephora, Bath and Body Works, and Origins. Research Results Research showed that women appreciate The Body Shop for its ethical standards. They are pleased by panies with green actions, not promises. The research proved that The Body Shop has been put on the back burner in many people's minds: overcrowded by newer, fresher Brands Companies like the Body Shop continually hype their products through advertising and marketing, often creating a demand for something where a real need for it does not exist. The message pushed is that the route to happiness is through buying more and more of their products. Under such consumerism, the increasing domination of multinationals and their standardised products is leading to global cultural conformity. Other downfall factors also include misleading the public, low pay and against unions, exploiting indigenous people ; Also the mass production, packaging and transportation of huge quantities of goods is using up the world's resources faster than they can be renewed and filling the land, sea and air with dangerous pollution and waste.H The Problem The Body Shop has used safe and timid advertising over the last decade, decreasing market share and brand value. With the rise of new, more natural and environmentally friendly petitors, The Body Shop can no longer stand behind being the greenest or most natural. The Solution The Body Shop is the originator of ethical beauty with our actions speaking louder than our words. This is the new direction of The Body Shop. We will be a part of different acts of kindness in big cities. We will eliminate unwanted graffiti, purify city air, and give the customer an opportunity to be a part of something good.Questions 1-4The reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-H.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter A-H, in boxes 1-4 your answer sheet.1 An action taken to Establishing social responsibility in conservation project2 a description of the conventional way the ads applied to talk to its customers3 A history of a humble origin and expansion4 management practices arc intended to lined up the pany's goal with participants' prosperityQuestions 5-7Choose the three correct letter, A- F.Write your answers in boxes 5-7 on your answer sheet.5-7) What are true about the Ben & Jerry's pany managementA There was little difference between the highest salary and the lowestB They were advertising their product with powerful internal marketing.C They offer the employee plimentary productD Employee were encouraged to give services back to the munityE the products are designed for workers to barter for other goods and servicesF offered a package of benefits for disable employeesQuestions 8-10Choose the three correct letter, A- F.Write your answers in boxes 8-10 on your answer sheet.What are the factors once contributed to the suess for the BODY SHOP ?A pioneering the natural-ingredient cosmetics marketB appealed to primary market mainly of the rich womenC focused on their lavish ads campaignD The pany avoided producing the traditional cosmetics productsE its moral concept that refuses to use animals- tested ingredientsF its moary donations to the munities and in developing countriesQuestions 11-13Choose the three correct letter, A- F.Write your answers in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.What arc the factors leading to the later failure for BODY SHOP pany?A its philosophy that there is real beauty in everyone is faultyB fail to fulfill promises while acted like misleading the publicC faced growing petitionD its creating demand for something that the customers do not actually needE its newer, fresher Brands are not suessful in the MarketF fail to offer cosmetics at lower prices than petitors文章题目：营销的新概念篇章结构体裁论说文题目营销的新概念结构 A段：Ben & Jerry为员工提供商品和折扣福利B段：Ben & Jerry为员工提供带薪探亲假和股票购置优惠C段：Ben & Jerry为员工提供的其他福利D段：The Body Shop的开展历程和营销策略E段：The Body Shop早期成功的秘诀F段：The Body Shop为应对竞争，发起名为Ruby的运动G段：The Body Shop衰落的因素H段：The Body Shop存在的问题和解决方法题目类型：LIST OF HEADINGS题号定位词文中对应点题目解析1 Establishing social responsibilities E段第四句 E段第四句提到The pany is know for… and establishing social responsibility as an integral part of pany operations.因此，此题答案为E。

雅思阅读模拟试题及答案2017雅思阅读模拟试题及答案引言：雅思阅读部分占据较大比重，面对长篇文章如何顺利攻破?为帮助烤鸭们拿下阅读，店铺特地整理了一些模拟题并附上详细答案，可供各位参考。

Time to cool itFrom The Economist print edition1 REFRIGERATORS are the epitome of clunky technology: solid, reliable and just a little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century, but then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to it, and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it. This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and, as air conditioners, cooling buildings. Today's high-tech world, however, demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them.2 One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change: attach electrodes to them and they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by, for example, a person, and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process. That inverse exists, however. Apply an appropriate current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down.3 Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko, of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film, he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon froma laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications.4 As to what those applications might be, Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has, nevertheless, set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners. The real money, though, may be in cooling computers.5 Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long time. One consequence of Moore's Law, which describes the doubling of the number of transistors on a chip every 18 months, is that the amount of heat produced doubles as well. In fact, it more than doubles, because besides increasing in number, the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor, so the faster the processor is, the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output. And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company, Intel, in 1993, ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last "single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second.6 Disposing of this heat is a big obstruction to further miniaturisation and higher speeds. The innards of a desktop computer commonly hit 80℃. At 85℃, they stop working. Tweaking the processor's heat sinks (copper or aluminium boxes designed to radiate heat away) has reached its limit. So has tweaking the fans that circulate air over those heat sinks. And theidea of shifting from single-core processors to systems that divided processing power between first two, and then four, subunits, in order to spread the thermal load, also seems to have the end of the road in sight.7 One way out of this may be a second curious physical phenomenon, the thermoelectric effect. Like paraelectric materials, this generates electricity from a heat source and produces cooling from an electrical source. Unlike paraelectrics,a significant body of researchers is already working on it.8 The trick to a good thermoelectric material is a crystal structure in which electrons can flow freely, but the path of phonons--heat-carrying vibrations that are larger than electrons--is constantly interrupted. In practice, this trick is hard to pull off, and thermoelectric materials are thus less efficient than paraelectric ones (or, at least, than those examined by Dr Mischenko). Nevertheless, Rama Venkatasubramanian, of Nextreme Thermal Solutions in North Carolina, claims to have made thermoelectric refrigerators that can sit on the back of computer chips and cool hotspots by 10℃. Ali Shakouri, of the University of California, Santa Cruz, says his are even smaller--so small that they can go inside the chip.9 The last word in computer cooling, though, may go to a system even less techy than a heat pump--a miniature version of a car radiator. Last year Apple launched a personal computer that is cooled by liquid that is pumped through little channels in the processor, and thence to a radiator, where it gives up its heat to the atmosphere. T o improve on this, IBM's research laboratory in Zurich is experimenting with tiny jets that stir the liquid up and thus make sure all of it eventually touches the outside of the channel--the part where the heat exchange takes place. In thefuture, therefore, a combination of microchannels and either thermoelectrics or paraelectrics might cool computers. The old, as it were, hand in hand with the new.(830 words)Questions 1-5Complete each of the following statements with the scientist or company name from the box below.Write the appropriate letters A-F in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.A. AppleB. IBMC. IntelD. Alex MischenkoE. Ali ShakouriF. Rama Venkatasubramanian1. ...and his research group use paraelectric film available from the market to produce cooling.2. ...sold microprocessors running at 60m cycles a second in 1993.3. ...says that he has made refrigerators which can cool the hotspots of computer chips by 10℃.4. ...claims to have made a refrigerator small enough to be built into a computer chip.5. ...attempts to produce better cooling in personal computers by stirring up liquid with tiny jets to make sure maximum heat exchange.Questions 6-9Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?In boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage6. Paraelectric materials can generate a current when electrodes are attached to them.7. Dr. Mischenko has successfully applied his laboratory discovery to manufacturing more efficient referigerators.8. Doubling the frequency of logical operations inside a microprocessor doubles the heat output.9. IBM will achieve better computer cooling by combining microchannels with paraelectrics.Question 10Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in box 10 on your answer sheet.10. Which method of disposing heat in computers may havea bright prospect?A. Tweaking the processors?heat sinks.B. Tweaking the fans that circulate air over the processor抯heat sinks.C. Shifting from single-core processors to systems of subunits.D. None of the above.Questions 11-14Complete the notes below.Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.Traditional refrigerators use...11...pumps to drop temperature. At present, scientists are searching for other methods to produce refrigeration, especially in computermicroprocessors....12...materials have been tried to generate temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. ...13...effect has also been adopted by many researchers to cool hotspots in computers. A miniature version of a car ...14... may also be a system to realize ideal computer cooling in the future.Key and Explanations:1. DSee Paragraph 3: ...Alex Mischenko, of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film, he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops...2. CSee Paragraph 5: The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company, Intel, in 1993, ran at 60m cycles a second.3. FSee Paragraph 8: ...Rama Venkatasubramanian, of Nextreme Thermal Solutions in North Carolina, claims to have made thermoelectric refrigerators that can sit on the back of computer chips and cool hotspots by 10℃.4. ESee Paragraph 8: Ali Shakouri, of the University of California, Santa Cruz, says his are even smaller梥o small that they can go inside the chip.5. BSee Paragraph 9: To improve on this, IBM's research laboratory in Zurich is experimenting with tiny jets that stir the liquid up and thus make sure all of it eventually touches the outside of the channel--the part where the heat exchange takes place.6. TRUESee Paragraph 2: ...paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change: attach electrodes to them and they generate a current.7. FALSESee Paragraph 3 (That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications. ) and Paragraph 4 (As to what those applications might be, Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has, nevertheless, set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges?8. FALSESee Paragraph 5: Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor, so the faster the processor is, the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output.9. NOT GIVENSee Paragraph 9: In the future, therefore, a combination of microchannels and either thermoelectrics or paraelectrics might cool computers.10. DSee Paragraph 6: Tweaking the processor's heat sinks ?has reached its limit. So has tweaking the fans that circulate air over those heat sinks. And the idea of shifting from single-core processors to systems?also seems to have the end of the road in sight.11. heatSee Paragraph 1: Today's high-tech world, however, demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them.12. paraelectricSee Paragraph 3: Using commercially available paraelectric film, he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded.13. thermoelectricSee Paragraph 7: ...the thermoelectric effect. Like paraelectric materials, this generates electricity from a heat source and produces cooling from an electrical source. Unlike paraelectrics,a significant body of researchers is already working on it.14. radiatorSee Paragraph 9: The last word in computer cooling, though, may go to a system even less techy than a heat pump--a miniature version of a car radiator.【2017雅思阅读模拟试题及答案】。

雅思阅读考试模拟题附详解概述本模拟题旨在帮助考生熟悉雅思阅读考试的题型和难度，提高阅读理解能力。

本题包含三个部分，分别为：1. 选择题2. 填空题3. 匹配题每部分题目后均附有详细解析，帮助考生理解答案选项的依据。

模拟题第一部分：选择题（每题2分，共10分）阅读以下段落，然后回答问题。

段落：1. According to the author, what is the major problem of the Internet?A. It's too difficult to find useful information.B. There is too much information to process.C. The Internet causes social isolation.D. It's impossible to maintain privacy online.第二部分：填空题（每题2分，共10分）阅读以下段落，然后回答问题。

段落：Sustainable development is a key concept in modern society. It emphasizes the balance between economic growth and environmental protection. To achieve sustainable development, we need to adopt environmentally friendly practices such as reducing energy consumption and promoting renewable energy sources.1. Sustainable development is about achieving ____________.A. economic growthB. environmental protectionC. both A and BD. neither A nor B第三部分：匹配题（每题2分，共10分）阅读以下段落，然后回答问题。

【最新推荐】雅思阅读模拟练习题一篇-实用word文档本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==雅思阅读模拟练习题一篇雅思阅读考试需要大家在备考中积累很多的阅读方法和技巧，并且灵活应用。

下面雅思为大家搜集整理了一篇雅思阅读练习题，包括了雅思阅读文章和后面的阅读题目两个部分，最后还附有题目的答案。

下面是详细内容，大家一起来参考一下吧。

You should spend about 20 minutes on questions 1 - 15, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below .National Parks and Climate ChangeANational parks , nature reserves , protected areas and sites of special scientific interest are an important part of the natural landscape in most countries . Their habitat and terrains vary massively , from tundra and glacier parks in the north to wetlands in Europe , steppes in central and eastern Europe , and prairie grasslands and deserts in other areas . Virtually all kinds of landscape are protected somewhere . And these protected areas are important for the variety of plant and animal life they harbour : caribou , bears , wolves , rare types of fish and birds .BB ut these areas are under threat from a recent peril - global climate change. No amount of legislation in any one country can protect against a worldwide problem. What exactly are the problems caused by climate change? David Woodward, head of the British Council for Nature Conservation, spoke to Science Now about some of these areas, and his first point highlighted the enormous variation in nature reserves.。