2018年东城一模

2018东城一模语文试卷及答案所有的高三生都在进行紧张的复习模式，东城一模语文考试考了哪些知识点?接下来店铺为你整理了2018东城一模语文试卷及答案，一起来看看吧。

2018东城一模语文试卷一、本大题共8小题，共24分。

阅读下面材料，完成1-8题。

材料一2016年8月16日1时40分，我国在酒泉卫星发射中心用长征二号丁运载火箭成功将世界首颗量子科学实验卫星“墨子号”发射升空。

人类将首次完成卫星和地面之间的量子通信，这标志着我国空间科学研究又迈出重要一步。

量子是物理世界里最小的、不可分割的基本个体。

它的奇妙之处在于量子叠加原理和量子纠缠。

什么是量子叠加原理?就是说，量子有多个可能状态的叠加态，只有在被观测或测量时，才会随机地呈现出某种确定的状态，“这就好比孙悟空的分身术”，量子卫星首席科学家、中科院院士潘建伟解释道，“一个孙悟空同时出现在多个地方，孙悟空的各个分身就像是他的叠加态。

在日常生活中，我不可能同时出现在两个地方，但在量子世界里，作为一个微观的客体，它可以同时出现在许多地方。

”而所谓的量子纠缠，则意味着两个纠缠在一起的量子就像有心电感应的双胞胎，不管两个人的距离有多远，当哥哥的状态发生变化时，弟弟的状态也跟着发生一样的变化。

两个处于纠缠状态的量子无论相距多远，都能“感应”对方状态，爱因斯坦称之为“幽灵般的超距作用”。

随着这两种特性被科学家不断认识，适用于实际应用的新技术也被逐渐开发出来，量子通信就是其中之一。

科学家利用量子有多个叠加态的原理，用量子作为保密通信的密钥。

这样一来，一旦有人试图截获或测试量子密钥，就会改变量子状态，科学家便能立刻发现。

所以，利用量子不可克隆和不可分割的特性，就能实现无条件安全的通信方式。

量子通信的另一种——量子隐形传态，通过隐形传输实现信息传递。

即将粒子的未知量子态精确传送到遥远地点而不用传送粒子本身。

“信息安全根本上需要解决的，就是传输内容不被别人知道、保证接收者是和发送者对话，以及信息不被篡改。

北京市东城区2017-2018学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）2018.4理科综合本试卷共16页，共300分。

考试时长150分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量：第一部分（选择题共120分）本部分共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1. 制作果酒、果醋、腐乳和泡菜主要利用的微生物的共同特征是A. 具有以核膜为界的细胞核B. 依赖有机物的氧化分解供能C. 通过有丝分裂进行细胞增殖D. 基因的传递遵循分离定律【解析】果酒、果醋、腐乳和泡菜利用的微生物分别是酵母菌（真核）、醋酸杆菌（原核）、毛霉（真核）和乳酸菌（原核），原核没有成形细胞核，真核有成形细胞核，A错；都依赖有机物氧化分解功能，B对；真核生物可以有有丝分裂，而原核生物只能二分裂式生殖。

C 错；只有真核生物在进行有性生殖时才遵循孟德尔定律，所以D错。

2. 牛奶中的某种β-酪蛋白存在A1、A2两种不同类型，二者氨基酸序列上的差异及消化产物如图所示。

研究发现，BCM-7会引起部分饮用者出现腹泻等肠胃不适反应。

标注“A2奶”的乳品在国内外市场受到越来越多消费者的青睐。

下列相关分析不正确．．．的是A. A1 型β-酪蛋白消化生成BCM-7的过程涉及肽键的断裂B. A1、A2两种酪蛋白氨基酸序列的差异很可能是由基因突变引起的C. 消化酶能识别特定氨基酸序列并催化特定位点断裂体现了酶的专一性D. “A2奶”不含A1型β-酪蛋白因而对所有人群均具有更高的营养价值【解析】A1A2两种酪蛋白的肽链氨基酸顺序只有一个氨基酸的差异，所以二者一定是基因突变而且是碱基替换导致，B对；多肽链见是肽键，消化结果变短，必然涉及肽键断裂，A 错；酶具有专一性，所以C对；“A2奶”不含A1型β-酪蛋白，不会引起某些消费者腹泻，而受消费者青睐，并不是由于其均具有更高的营养价值，D错3. 科研人员以番茄为实验材料，研究按一定比例组合的红光和蓝光对番茄幼苗光合作用的影响，实验结果如下表。

东城区2017-2018学年度第一次模拟检测初三数学试题参考答案及评分标准 2018.5题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案BBDDCABC二、填空题（本题共16分，每小题 2分）9. 1x ≥ 10. ()()22n m m +- 11. 8 12. 2x 13. ②③14. 2y x =+，2 15. 答案不唯一 ，理由须 支撑推断结论 16. 正方形的对角线相等且互相平分，圆的定义三、解答题（本题共68分，17-24题，每题5分，第25题6分，26-27题，每小题7分，第28题8分）3=2-1+9+3-1----------4=23+7------------------------517.解：原式分分18. 解：4+6,23x x x x ⎧⎪⎨+⎪⎩①②＞≥，由①得，-x ＞2，------------------1分由②得，1x ≤， ------------------2分 ∴不等式组的解集为-1x 2＜≤.所有整数解为-1, 0, 1. ---------------------5分19.证明： ∵∠BAC =90°，∴∠FBA +∠AFB =90°. -------------------1分 ∵AD ⊥BC ，∴∠DBE +∠DEB =90°．---------------- 2分 ∵BE 平分∠ABC ,∴∠DBE =∠FBA . -------------------3分∴∠AFB =∠DEB . -------------------4分 ∵∠DEB =∠FEA ， ∴∠AFB =∠FEA .∴AE =AF . -------------------5分20. （1）证明：()()2=+3-42m m ∆+()2=+1m ∵()2+10m ≥，∴无论实数m 取何值，方程总有两个实根. -------------------2分 （2）解：由求根公式，得()()1,231=2m m x +±+，∴1=1x ，2=+2x m . ∵方程有一个根的平方等于4， ∴()2+24m =.解得=-4m ，或=0m . -------------------5分 21.(1) 证明：∵平行四边形ABCD ， ∴=AB DC ，AB DC ∥. ∵AB =AE ，∴=AE DC ，AE DC ∥.∴四边形ACDE 为平行四边形. -------------------2分 (2) ∵=AB AC ， ∴=AE AC .∴平行四边形ACDE 为菱形. ∴AD ⊥CE . ∵AD BC ∥， ∴BC ⊥CE.在Rt △EBC 中，BE =6, 1cos 3BC B BE ==, ∴=2BC .根据勾股定理，求得=42BC 分 22.解：（1）∵点()3,A n 在函数()30y x x=＞的图象上， ∴=1n ，点()3,1A .∵直线()20y ax a =-≠过点()3,1A ， ∴ 321a -= .解得 1a =. ----------------------2分 (2)易求得()0,2B -.如图，12AOB A S OB x =⋅△，1=2ABC A S BC x ⋅△∵=2ABC AOB S S △△，∴=24BC OB =.∴()10,2C ,或()20,6C -. ----------------------5分 23. （1）证明：连接OC .∵»»CDCB = ∴∠1=∠3. ∵OA OC =， ∴∠1=∠2. ∴∠3=∠2. ∴AE OC ∥. ∵AE EF ⊥， ∴OC EF ⊥.∵ OC 是O e 的半径，∴EF 是O e 的切线. ----------------------2分 （2）∵AB 为O e 的直径， ∴∠ACB =90°.根据勾股定理，由AB =5,BC =3,可求得AC =4. ∵AE EF ⊥ ， ∴∠AEC =90°. ∴△AEC ∽△ACB . ∴AE ACAC AB =. ∴445AE =. ∴165AE =. ----------------------5分 24. 解：(I)：56.8%；----------------------1分(II)折线图； ----------------------3分(III)答案不唯一，预估的理由须支撑预估的数据，参考数据61%左右.--------5分25.解：（1）4.5 . --------------------2分（2）--------------------4分(3) 4.2，点P 是AD 与CE 的交点. --------------------6分26.解：(1) ∵点()0,0O 在抛物线上，∴320a -=，23a =.--------------------2分(2)①对称轴为直线2x =；②顶点的纵坐标为 2a --.--------------------4分 (3) （i ）当0a ＞时，依题意，-20320.a a -⎧⎨-⎩＜，≥解得2.3a ≥（ii ）当0a ＜时， 依题意，-20320.a a -⎧⎨-⎩＞，≤解得a ＜-2.综上，2a -＜，或23a ≥. --------------------7分27. （1）①75B ∠=︒，45ACB ∠=︒；--------------------2分②作DE ⊥AC 交AC 于点E .Rt △ADE 中，由30DAC ∠=︒，AD =2可得DE =1，AE 3=. Rt △CDE 中，由45ACD ∠=︒，DE=1，可得EC =1. ∴AC 31.Rt △ACH 中，由30DAC ∠=︒，可得AH 33+=； --------------4分（2）线段AH 与AB +AC 之间的数量关系：2AH =AB +AC证明： 延长AB 和CH 交于点F ，取BF 中点G ，连接GH .易证△ACH ≌△AFH .∴AC AF =,HC HF =. ∴GH BC ∥. ∵AB AD =，∴ ABD ADB ∠=∠. ∴ AGH AHG ∠=∠ . ∴ AG AH =.∴()2222AB AC AB AF AB BF AB BG AG AH +=+=+=+==. --------------7分 28. 解：（1）C ； --------------2分 （2）① 60°；② △MNE 是等边三角形，点E 的坐标为()31，；--------------5分③ 直线32y x =+交 y 轴于点K （0，2），交x 轴于点()23T ，0. ∴2OK =，23OT =∴60OKT ∠=︒.作OG ⊥KT 于点G ,连接MG . ∵()M 0，1， ∴OM =1.∴M 为OK 中点 . ∴ MG =MK =OM =1.∴∠MGO =∠MOG =30°，OG 3∴33.2G ⎫⎪⎪⎝⎭， ∵120MON ∠=︒,∴ 90GON ∠=︒.又OG =1ON =，∴30OGN ∠=︒. ∴60MGN ∠=︒.∴G 是线段MN 关于点O 的关联点.经验证，点)E在直线2y x =+上. 结合图象可知， 当点F 在线段GE 上时 ，符合题意.∵G F E x x x ≤≤，∴F x .--------------8分.。

数学（文科）学校 _____________ 班级 _______________ 姓名 ______________ 考号 ___________本试卷共 5 页， 150 分。

考试时长120 分钟。

考生务势必答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（选择题共40分）一、选择题共8 小题，每题 5 分，共 40 分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出吻合题目要求的一项。

（ 1）若会集A{ x |3x1}，B{ x | x1或 x2} ，则AI B（ A）{ x | 3 x1}（ B）{ x | 3 x 2}（ C）{ x | 1 x 1}（ D）{ x |1 x 2}i在复平面内对应的点位于（ 2）复数z1i（ A）第一象限（B）第二象限（ C）第三象限（D）第四象限x y20,（ 3）若x, y满足2x y20, 则y x 的最大值为y0,（A）2（B）1（C）2（D）4（ 4）执行以以下图的程序框图，假如输出的S值为 30，那么空白的判断框中应填入的条件是（ A）n2开始（ B）n3（ C）n4n0, S0（ D）n5否是n n1输出 SS S2n结束（ 5）某三棱锥的三视图以以下图，则该三棱锥最长棱的棱长为（ A ） 2（ B ）2 2（ C ）2 3（ D ） 4（ 6）函数 f ( x)4 2x 的零点所在区间是x（A ） (0, 1 )（B ） (2（ C ） (1, 3)（D ） (2（ 7）已知平面向量 a,b, c 均为非零向量，则“1,1)23, 2)2(a b)c(b c)a ”是“向量 a,c 同向”的（ A ）充足而不用要条件（ B ）必需而不充足条件（ C ）充足必需条件（ D ）既不充足也不用要条件（ 8）为弘扬中华传统文化，某校组织高一年级学生到古都西安游学．在某景区，因为时间关系，每个班只好在甲、 乙、丙三个景点中选择一个旅游． 127名同学决定投票来选定旅游的景点，高一 班的 商定每人只好选择一个景点，得票数高于其他景点的当选． 据认识， 在甲、乙两个景点中有 18 人会选择甲，在乙、丙两个景点中有18 人会选择乙．那么关于这轮投票结果，以下说法正确的选项是 ①该班选择去甲景点旅游；②乙景点的得票数可能会超出9 ；③丙景点的得票数不会比甲景点高；④三个景点的得票数可能会相等.（ A ）①② （B ）①③（ C ）②④（D ）③④第二部分 （非选择题 共 110 分）二、填空题共 6 小题，每题5 分，共 30 分。

2018年北京市城六区中考一模英语试题分类汇编之完形填空【西城一模】Lyle’s Second GoIn 1982，when I was coaching the Raiders，the owner of the team talked with me about a possible trade for Lyle Alzado. After watching him on tape，I didn’t think he was that good, but the owner felt we could make Lyle better by creating the right environment lor him. We made the 13 .That summer at training camp，Lyle was having a hard time. He had that look in his eyes that many young players and some old players get when things aren’t going 14. One morning Lyle came into my office and he looked like he hadn’t slept. Here was a huge man, with his h ead about as 15 as it could go. We talked, or rather, I listened. The main point was that Lyle felt his career (职业生涯）was over and it would be best for him and for the team if he retired (退役）.He apologized for 16 us since we had just traded for him.Lyle was always an emotional person. This is one of the reasons he was a good player. He 17 all that emotional energy with him, ready to lire out at the snap of the ball (开球）.Now he was in front of me，almost crying. I thought for a moment，realizing we had to keep that 18 going. Then I went through my reasons why he should not retire. At the end of our talk，I said，“You go out and play your very best, and let us 19 if you still have it. Personally，I think you do.”In January 1984. Tampa Bay Stadium. Super Bowl XVIII. With less than two minutes remaining, we were leading 38-9. We were the world champions of professional football. I saw Lyle，crying like a baby. I had to turn away quickly，or I would have joined him in 20.I remembered that morning in my office，and what Lyle，and what the Raiders，had achieved since he came to us. If Lyle hadn’t given his career another shot, he wouldn’t have had this victory. Maybe the Raiders wouldn’t have had this victory. During that moment，I felt one of the greatest satisfactions of my coaching career.13. A. deal B. plan C. argument D. mistake14. A. away B. over C. well D. fast15. A. low B. cool C. clear D. heavy16. A. pushing B. refusing C. cheating D. disappointing17. A. faced B. carried C. received D. imagined18. A. ball B. fire C. time D. talk19. A. guess B. wonder C. decide D. predict20. A. cheers B. pain C. peace D. tears答案：13A 14C 15A 16D 17 B 18B 19 C 20D【东城一模】The key to successOnce, when I was a young boy, I boasted (吹嘘）that I determined (下决心）to win first place at the coming 13 competition, yet I knew this goal was nearly impossible. Every year，the best players from all over the state took part in this competition. It was a huge deal, especially for a beginner like me.But my mom was my number one 14 . Every day after school, she would sit down right next to me while Miss Green was giving me piano lessons or I was 15 my piano piece. When I couldn’t and wouldn’t play any longer, she would always say, “If you determine to wi n, then act like i t. Don’t give up.’’ After every practice，my whole body was in pain for numb (麻木的）fingers and stiff (僵硬的）back. However, I didn’t want to 16 my mom, so I kept on practicing until I finally fell asleep on the piano keys.Finally, the big day arrived. Right before my turn to perform, my mom said, “I know you want to win, so listen to me：Be there for the 17 not for the success, okay?” I managed to nod.When I walked onto the stage, I was afraid that the judges would hear the beating of my heart instead of the music. Carefully, I took a seat before the piano and began to play. Slowly, I began to 18 the world around me. I just let myself fall deeper and deeper into the music.19，I really won first place. The experience made me realize that determination is not just saying that you will win；when you have solved difficulties and kept 20，you can truly say you’re determined. As my mom always said, “It’s hard to beat the person who is the best, but it is harder to beat the person who never gives up.13. A. football B. violin C. piano D. basketball14. A. supporter B. teacher C. listener D. partner15. A. writing B. practising C. singing D. enjoying16. A. frighten B. refuse C. cheat D. disappoint17. A. praise B. record C. promise D. experience18. A. understand B. love C.forget D. change19. A. Naturally B. Surprisingly C. Clearly D. Hopefully20. A. going B. saying C. searching D. repeating13-20 CABDDCBA【海淀一模】Bob opened the box and drew the two shoes from it. He put them on quickly to feel how they felt onhis feet. Once they were on, he jumped up and down a couple of times. They fit like a glove."Are thOSP. the ones you like, dear'?" his mother asked.'They certainly are!" Bob was 13 These were the best shoes ever. He couldn't hide his happiness."I'm wearing them out of the store."While his mother paid for them, Bob walked back and forth 14 his shoes in front of the mirror. On the way out of the store, Bob felt like he was floating on air. Just as they were about to leave the store, an old man stepped on his new shoes, leaving a black 15 on the front. "Hey!" Bob shouted angrily."Oh, sorry there, young man," the old man said."Look what you did to my shoes. 16 where you are going!""I'm very sorry, " the old man apologized again."Bob!" His mother's face was red and she seemed more embarrassed than angry. "I'm so sorry, sir.I don't know what has got into him." Then she tumed to Bob and said 17 , "Apologize to the man.'"But, mom! He stepped on my shoes.""You won't have any shoes to be stepped upon if you don't apologize."Bob took a breath. As he looked into the old man's cloudy eyes, he realized that the man didn't see very well. The old man probably had stepped on his foot by accident. He looked at his shoes. It wasn't that big of a deal."I'm sorry, sir."The old man shook his head, “No worries. It was my 18 . I need to watch where I put my feet,too.” The old man smiled and walked away then.Bob felt uneasy as he saw the old man's shoes. They were really worn out. Suddenly, his new shoes didn't seem so 19 . His old ones weren't that dirty or worn out. “Mom, do I really need new shoes?" He wondered.Bob's mother was surprised, "Not really, but you love shoes.""Ijust feel bad. Did you see that old man's shoes? I won't ask for so many new shoes anymore."Mom nodded, "I'm glad that you say so, but don't forget to20 the elders."Bob smiled, "I won't. Not again.13.A.excited B.moved C. tired D. interested14. A holding B. cleaning C. designing D. admiring15. A mark B. note C. shape D. hole16. A Plan B. Watch C. Head D. Follow17. A happily B. politely C. nervously D. seriously18. A worry B. mistake C. trouble D. question19. A famous B. colourful C. necessary D. comfortable20. A like B. serve C. respect D. believe13.A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. C【朝阳一模】When I wasabout 12yearsold, I really wanted a newbike!I toldmy parentsmy birthday wish.butI knewthere waslittle hope becausemyfamilycould13havethatmoney.Onmy birthday my parentstoldme they hadmy14 outsidein the back yard.AtonceI15 outto the yard.Therewasmy bike,butitwas n’t the bikethatI thoughtitwould be. This one waspink,oldandwornwith age. Itwas sodisappointing !IthoughtI16 myparents’ feelings becauseI could seethe disappointment on theirfaces andI was surethey could seeiton mine. I got on the oldbikeand rodeit, feeling17 thatI had mademyparentsfeelthisway.SoI put on a smile,rode asfastasI could and did n’tl ook hack.As timewentby,I beganto18 my parentsgavemesomethingmuchmorethan justa rusty(生锈的)oldbike.Theygavemea lifelesson about19 .Whenyou givesomething outoflove,itdoesn’tm atterwhatitisinfact. I liketo rememberthis story becausegivinga giftisnot aboutmoney. it'sabouthow muchloveyou can20 fromit. Doremember, agift thatcosts twodollarsisn’ta ny lessvaluablethan one thatcosts one hundreddollars,orevenmore.13. A. hardly B. quickly C. slowly D. happily14. A. guitar B. card C. cake D. gift15. A. moved B. rushed C. walked D. stepped16. A. liked B. hated C. hurt D. thanked17. A. surprised B. proud C. excited D. bad18. A. complain B. consider C. understand D. notice19. A. love B. money C. friendship D. knowledge20. A. smell B. feel C. hear D. touch二、完形填空（共16分，每小题2分）13.A 14.D 15.B 16. C 17.D 18.C 19. A 20.BMother's DayWhen I was in the third grade, Mother’s Day came around much too quickly; I found myself empty-handed with nothing to give my 13 on her special day. So I was 14 when an announcement over the loud speaker said that one of the older graders would be selling pins that said “No.1 Mom”. It may not sound like much, but to an 8-year-old, it’s perfect.So each day I told myself that the following day I would 15 the money to buy the pin, but I always forgot. And I was very disappointed when the principal and a few of the older kids selling pins came into my classroom and announced that it was the 16 day to buy them.I was always afraid of my principal. If you stepped out of line, she was quick to set you straight. On this day, however, my principal was in a good mood. And she must have heard me tell my classmates I’d forgotten my 17 again. I wasn’t 18 , but she knew I really wanted to buy a pin.After she left, I got called to her office. I’d never been there – ever – so I was terrified. When I arrived, she told me to come to her desk, and she pulled out the pin I’d had my eye on for 19 . “The kids gave me this to give to my mother,” she began, “but my mom passed away, so I want you to have it.”Taking the pin, I didn’t kn ow what to say. I probably thanked her. I proudly presented this free luxury to my mother.I don’t know if my mom still has the pin, and I don’t know if the principal remembers giving it to me. But I will never forget that act of 20 from someone I’d never expected it from.13. A. mother B. classmate C. principal D. friend14. A. bored B. interested C. excited D. surprised15. A. borrow B. bring C. collect D. save16. A. exact B. big C. best D. last17. A. schoolbag B. homework C. money D. book18. A. crying B. studying C. talking D. playing19. A. years B. days C. hours D. months20. A. happiness B. patience C. support D. kindness13. A 14. C 15. B 16.D 17.C 18. A 19.B 20. DA little holiday magicChristmas Eve has always been my favorite day of the year. December 24,2010, I decidedTo 13 a little last-minute shopping before joining my family at my mother's.I bought a large basket of cheeses and a bottle of wine. On my way down, the elevator（电梯）stopped at the third floor. where everybody but an older couple and me got off--and where A tall, handsome man 14 ．We started down again; then suddenly the elevator stopped. We were stuck--on Christmas Eve!15 there was a phone. arid the old man called someone in maintenance（维修）,who told us that we had to be in for a 1ong wait.At that point. We--the older couple, Mr. and Mrs. Philips; John, the handsome man; arid I--sat down on the floor and began 16 Christmas memories. An hour passed, then two; we found ourselves so involved in the conversation that we forgot we were stuck. I shared my basket of cheeses and wine with them. I didn't realize at the time we were creating another special Christmas 17 ．After five hours, the elevator finally moved .When the doors opened, the worried store manager was surprised to find us in such 18 spirits, Saying our good-byes, the four of us exchanged addresses and promised to send holiday greeting to each other in the years to come.I got to my mother's for our traditional family Christmas--a bit late，19 I got there.Christmas evening I returned to my apartment. Waiting for me was a single red rose and a message: I really miss the cheese basket. Job. At the bottom was his phone number…John and I were married the following Christmas Eve. And we are 20 exchanging Christmas greetings with Mr. and Mrs. Phillips. And I still wake up every Christmas Eve Morning filled with excitement at the magic of the day.13.A. make B. do C. show D. accept1 4. A. got up B. got down C. got off D. got on15. A. Sadly B. Proudly C. Luckily D. Strangely16. A. sharing B. losing C. comparing D. studying17. A. accident B. game C. record D. memory18. A. high B. low C. common D. true19. A. so B. but C. or D. because20. A. even B. already C. still D. yet13-20 BDCADABC。

2018年北京市各区县一模分类：电流 电压 电阻决定导体电阻大小的因素，滑动变阻器的工作原理(2018年东城一模)10. 图5是滑动变阻器连入电路的示意图。

当滑片P 向右滑动时，连入电路的电阻变小的是D(2018年西城一模)31．科技小组的同学们猜想：在电压一定时，通过电阻丝的电流可能与它的横截面积成正比。

实验桌上有如下实验器材：同种材料制成的长度相同、横截面积S 不同且已知的电阻丝6根（在电路图中用定值电阻符号表示），电源一个（此电源两端电压会随外接电阻的改变而改变）、已调零的电流表一块、开关一个、导线若干。

请你利用上述实验器材设计实验，验证上述猜想。

要求：（1）画出实验电路图；（2）写出实验步骤；（3）画出实验数据记录表。

答案：（1）实验电路：见图2。

………（1分） （2）实验步骤： …………………（4分）①将6个不同电阻丝（R 1～R 6）的横截面积S 分别记录 在表格中。

②按电路图连接电路。

闭合开关S ，用电流表测量通过电 阻丝R 1的电流I ，并记录在表格中。

③断开开关S ，将电流表串联在电阻丝R 2的支路中。

闭合开关S ，用电流表测量通过电阻丝R 2的电流I ，并记录在表格中。

④仿照步骤③，用电流表分别测量通过其他4个电阻丝的电流I ， 并分别记录在表格中。

（3）实验数据记录表： ……………（2分）(2018年东城一模)图5图218．下列问题中属于可探究的科学问题的是A.平面镜成像的大小与平面镜的面积有关吗？ B .为什么经常玩手机游戏会导致视力下降？ C .增大导体两端的电压，导体的电阻会增大吗？ D .应该鼓励市民乘坐公共交通工具出行吗？(2018年朝阳一模)29．塞贝克效应是指：在两种金属组成的回路中，如果使两个金属接触点的温度不同，在回路中将会出现电流。

某科技小组为了验证塞贝克效应，他们设计并实施了如下实验：用铁丝、铜丝及电流表组成闭合回路，并将两种导线相连的两个接触点A 、B 分别置于烧杯的液体中和酒精灯上方，完成如图19a 、b 、c 所示的三次实验，请仔细观察图中的装置、操作和现象，回答下列问题：（1）该小组的实验能否验证塞贝克效应？请阐述判断的依据： 。

东城区2017—2018学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）语文一、现代文阅读。

阅读下面材料，完成下列小题。

材料一2017年10月29日，“未来科学大奖”颁奖典礼在京举办。

清华大学教授、结构生物学家施一公，中国科学技术大学教授、量子通信卫星“墨子号”首席科学家潘建伟，北京大学教授许晨阳分别获得“生命科学奖”、“物质科学奖”和“数学与计算机科学奖”。

中国的未来能否回到科学的制高点？对此，施一公说：“中国在过去两三百年期间科学技术没有领先过，一直是受惠于世界科技进步带来的成果。

现在的年轻一代应该有危机感，中国的科技水平与国家命运____1____。

”潘建伟表示，量子研究在“二十年前是做梦都不敢想的”。

许晨阳称，是时代造就他今天的成功，“作为年轻的获奖者，希望有更多的年轻人来从事科学研究，在科学中实现自我价值应该成为当今更多年轻人的选择。

”当代世界正处于从经济社会向智力社会转变的历史时期。

未来社会，科学将作为"社会中轴"起决定性作用。

科学在塑造人类思维方式和完善人类理性方面将持续发挥作用。

中国要成为世界科学强国,必须进行文化的推陈出新。

这不仅要求对自己的文化传统有自觉意识,还要求进行爱因斯坦说的“真理的再发现”，即“真理必须一次又一次地为强有力的人物重新加以雕刻,使之适应雕刻家为之工作的那个时代的需要”。

（取材于“中国日报网”相关报道）材料二这几个中国年轻人正在致力于用科技影响和改变着我们的生活。

随着传感器和人工智能技术的逐渐成熟，智能驾驶已经慢慢从“概念化”走向了“实用化”。

吴甘沙就瞄准了这个对很多人来说完全陌生的领域，他要颠覆人们对“无人驾驶”的认识，完成一个全天候、全区域、全速度的无人驾驶过程。

一辆真正的无人驾驶汽车应该像一个舒适的移动包厢，没有方向盘、刹车、仪表盘，使用者只需“告诉”汽车自己的目的地即可。

“无人驾驶”值得所有人期待。

试想一下，如果实现了无人驾驶的话，那么车与车、车与路会形成完善的网络。

2018年北京市东城区高考一模化学试卷（理）1. （2018·北京东城区·模拟）手工制作工艺在我国有着悠久的历史，是中华民族文化艺术的瑰宝。

下列手工艺品用金属材料制成的是A ． AB ． BC ． CD ． D2. （2018·北京东城区·模拟）下列物质投入水中发生化学反应，水作氧化剂的是 A ．钠 B ．氧化钠 C ．碳酸钠 D ．过氧化钠3. （2018·北京东城区·模拟）我国科学家利用蜡虫肠道菌群，将塑料降解时间从 500 年缩减到 24 小时，并用同位素示踪法证实了聚乙烯降解为 CO 2。

下列有关该过程说法不正确的是 A ．一定发生了氧化反应 B ．只涉及碳碳键的断裂C ．同位素示踪法是从微观角度识别物质的变化D ．该研究成果有利于缓解塑料垃圾引起的环境问题4. （2018·北京东城区·模拟）下列有关水处理的离子方程式不正确的是 A ．沉淀法：加入 Na 2S 处理含 Hg 2+ 废水，Hg 2++S 2−=HgS ↓ B ．中和法：加入生石灰处理酸性废水，H ++OH −=H 2OC ．氧化法：加入次氯酸处理氨氮废水，2NH 4++3HClO =N 2↑+3H 2O +5H ++3Cl −D ．混凝法：加入明矾[ K 2SO 4⋅Al 2(SO 4)3⋅24H 2O ]使水中的悬浮颗粒发生凝聚，Al 3++3H 2O ⇌Al(OH)3(胶体)+3H +5. （2018·北京东城区·模拟）下列实验、现象与结论相符的是实验现象结论A 铝片放入冷浓硝酸中无明显现象铝与冷浓硝酸不反应B 向蔗糖中加入浓硫酸固体变黑、蓬松浓硫酸只体现强氧化性C SO 2通入新制氯水溶液褪色SO 2具有漂白性D 饱和FeCl 3滴入沸水中,用激光笔照射光亮通路FeCl 3水解形成胶体A ． AB ． BC ． CD ． D6. （2018·北京东城区·模拟）我国自主研发对二甲苯的绿色合成路线取得新进展，其合成示意图如下。